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Williams TI, Loucas T, Sin J, Jeremic M, Meyer S, Boseley S, Fincham-Majumdar S, Aslett G, Renshaw R, Liu F. Using music to assist language learning in autistic children with minimal verbal language: The MAP feasibility RCT. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2024:13623613241233804. [PMID: 38433533 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241233804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT Research has shown that autistic individuals often have unusually good musical skills and that combining words and music helps autistic individuals to focus on spoken words. This study tests the idea that music will help with early language learning of preschool autistic children. The results show that when caregivers sing words to autistic children, the children pay more attention to the caregiver than when the words are spoken and that they learn word combinations more easily.
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2
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Zhuang H, Liang Z, Ma G, Qureshi A, Ran X, Feng C, Liu X, Yan X, Shen L. Autism spectrum disorder: pathogenesis, biomarker, and intervention therapy. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e497. [PMID: 38434761 PMCID: PMC10908366 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has become a common neurodevelopmental disorder. The heterogeneity of ASD poses great challenges for its research and clinical translation. On the basis of reviewing the heterogeneity of ASD, this review systematically summarized the current status and progress of pathogenesis, diagnostic markers, and interventions for ASD. We provided an overview of the ASD molecular mechanisms identified by multi-omics studies and convergent mechanism in different genetic backgrounds. The comorbidities, mechanisms associated with important physiological and metabolic abnormalities (i.e., inflammation, immunity, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction), and gut microbial disorder in ASD were reviewed. The non-targeted omics and targeting studies of diagnostic markers for ASD were also reviewed. Moreover, we summarized the progress and methods of behavioral and educational interventions, intervention methods related to technological devices, and research on medical interventions and potential drug targets. This review highlighted the application of high-throughput omics methods in ASD research and emphasized the importance of seeking homogeneity from heterogeneity and exploring the convergence of disease mechanisms, biomarkers, and intervention approaches, and proposes that taking into account individuality and commonality may be the key to achieve accurate diagnosis and treatment of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Zhuang
- College of Life Science and OceanographyShenzhen UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Liang
- College of Life Science and OceanographyShenzhen UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
| | - Guanwei Ma
- College of Life Science and OceanographyShenzhen UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
| | - Ayesha Qureshi
- College of Life Science and OceanographyShenzhen UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
| | - Xiaoqian Ran
- College of Life Science and OceanographyShenzhen UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
| | - Chengyun Feng
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital of BaoanShenzhenP. R. China
| | - Xukun Liu
- College of Life Science and OceanographyShenzhen UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
| | - Xi Yan
- College of Life Science and OceanographyShenzhen UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
| | - Liming Shen
- College of Life Science and OceanographyShenzhen UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
- Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science‐Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenP. R. China
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3
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Fram NR, Liu T, Lense MD. Social interaction links active musical rhythm engagement and expressive communication in autistic toddlers. Autism Res 2024; 17:338-354. [PMID: 38197536 PMCID: PMC10922396 DOI: 10.1002/aur.3090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Rhythm is implicated in both social and linguistic development. Rhythm perception and production skills are also key vulnerabilities in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism which impact social communication. However, direct links between musical rhythm engagement and expressive communication in autism is not clearly evident. This absence of a direct connection between rhythm and expressive communication indicates that the mechanism of action between rhythm and expressive communication may recruit other cognitive or developmental factors. We hypothesized that social interactions, including general interpersonal relationships and interactive music-making involving children and caregivers, were a significant such factor, particularly in autism. To test this, we collected data from parents of autistic and nonautistic children 14-36 months of age, including parent reports of their children's rhythmic musical engagement, general social skills, parent-child musical interactions, and expressive communication skills. Path analysis revealed a system of independent, indirect pathways from rhythmic musical engagement to expressive communication via social skills and parent-child musical interactions in autistic toddlers. Such a system implies both that social and musical interactions represent crucial links between rhythm and language and that different kinds of social interactions play parallel, independent roles linking rhythmic musical engagement with expressive communication skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah R. Fram
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - Talia Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Boston University
| | - Miriam D. Lense
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
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4
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Bowling DL. Biological principles for music and mental health. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:374. [PMID: 38049408 PMCID: PMC10695969 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02671-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Efforts to integrate music into healthcare systems and wellness practices are accelerating but the biological foundations supporting these initiatives remain underappreciated. As a result, music-based interventions are often sidelined in medicine. Here, I bring together advances in music research from neuroscience, psychology, and psychiatry to bridge music's specific foundations in human biology with its specific therapeutic applications. The framework I propose organizes the neurophysiological effects of music around four core elements of human musicality: tonality, rhythm, reward, and sociality. For each, I review key concepts, biological bases, and evidence of clinical benefits. Within this framework, I outline a strategy to increase music's impact on health based on standardizing treatments and their alignment with individual differences in responsivity to these musical elements. I propose that an integrated biological understanding of human musicality-describing each element's functional origins, development, phylogeny, and neural bases-is critical to advancing rational applications of music in mental health and wellness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Bowling
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics (CCRMA), Stanford University, School of Humanities and Sciences, Stanford, CA, USA.
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5
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Zhang L, Wan R, Iyendo TO, Apuke OD, Tunca EA. A randomized control trial establishing the effectiveness of using interactive television-based art, music, and poetry therapies for treating the post-traumatic stress disorder of children exposed to traumatic events. Psychiatry Res 2023; 330:115582. [PMID: 37979317 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of interactive television-based music, art, and poetry therapies in reducing symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder among school children who have experienced abduction. A randomized control trial was adopted using school children from three selected secondary schools in Northern Nigeria that have experienced the issue of kidnapping. The treatment is characterized by (1) group setting, (2) TV instruction (3) school collaboration, and (4) use of artistic mediation. The study sample comprised 470 students randomly divided into a control group of 235 and an experiment group of 235. The treatment group was further divided into art (N = 78), music (N = 78) and poetry (N = 79), respectively. Results suggest that interactive television art, music and poetry therapies are an effective intervention strategy for reducing the PTSD of school children who have experienced kidnapping in Nigeria. However, art therapy is more effective in reducing PTSD. This study has offered empirical evidence that could guide the planning and implementation of therapies aimed at assisting school children to recover from traumatic experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- College of Literature Law and art, East China University of Technology, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Ran Wan
- Architecture and Design College, Nanchang University, No.999, Xuefu Road, Honggu district, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China, 330031.
| | - Timothy Onosahwo Iyendo
- Department of Architecture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Nile University of Nigeria, Plot 681, Institute Area, Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria.
| | - Oberiri Destiny Apuke
- Faculty of Communication and Media Studies, Department of Mass Communication, Taraba State University, PMB 1167 Jalingo, Nigeria.
| | - Elif Asude Tunca
- The European University of Lefke, Faculty of Communication Sciences, Department of New Media and Journalism, Lefke, Northern Cyprus, TR-10 Mersin, Turkey.
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6
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Ruiz M, Groessing A, Guran A, Koçan AU, Mikus N, Nater UM, Kouwer K, Posserud MB, Salomon-Gimmon M, Todorova B, Wagner IC, Gold C, Silani G, Specht K. Music for autism: a protocol for an international randomized crossover trial on music therapy for children with autism. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1256771. [PMID: 37886114 PMCID: PMC10598663 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1256771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The notion of a connection between autism and music is as old as the first reported cases of autism, and music has been used as a therapeutic tool for many decades. Music therapy holds promise as an intervention for individuals with autism, harnessing their strengths in music processing to enhance communication and expression. While previous randomized controlled trials have demonstrated positive outcomes in terms of global improvement and quality of life, their reliance on psychological outcomes restricts our understanding of underlying mechanisms. This paper introduces the protocol for the Music for Autism study, a randomized crossover trial designed to investigate the effects of a 12-week music therapy intervention on a range of psychometric, neuroimaging, and biological outcomes in school-aged children with autism. The protocol builds upon previous research and aims to both replicate and expand upon findings that demonstrated improvements in social communication and functional brain connectivity following a music intervention. The primary objective of this trial is to determine whether music therapy leads to improvements in social communication and functional brain connectivity as compared to play-based therapy. In addition, secondary aims include exploring various relevant psychometric, neuroimaging, and biological outcomes. To achieve these objectives, we will enroll 80 participants aged 6-12 years in this international, assessor-blinded, crossover randomized controlled trial. Each participant will be randomly assigned to receive either music therapy or play-based therapy for a period of 12 weeks, followed by a 12-week washout period, after which they will receive the alternate intervention. Assessments will be conducted four times, before and after each intervention period. The protocol of the Music for Autism trial provides a comprehensive framework for studying the effects of music therapy on a range of multidimensional outcomes in children with autism. The findings from this trial have the potential to contribute to the development of evidence-based interventions that leverage strengths in music processing to address the complex challenges faced by individuals with autism. Clinical Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT04936048.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Ruiz
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, Norwegian Research Centre (NORCE), Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Alexander Groessing
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandrina Guran
- Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Unit, Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Cognitive Science Hub, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Asena U. Koçan
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nace Mikus
- Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Unit, Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- School of Culture and Society, Interacting Minds Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Urs M. Nater
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karlijn Kouwer
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Maj-Britt Posserud
- Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Maayan Salomon-Gimmon
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- The School of Creative Arts Therapies, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Boryana Todorova
- Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Isabella C. Wagner
- Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Unit, Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Cognitive Science Hub, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Gold
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, Norwegian Research Centre (NORCE), Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Giorgia Silani
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karsten Specht
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Radiology, Mohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Education, Faculty of Humanities, Social Sciences and Education, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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7
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Taheri F, Joushi S, Esmaeilpour K, Sheibani V, Ebrahimi MN, Taheri Zadeh Z. Music alleviates cognitive impairments in an animal model of autism. Int J Dev Neurosci 2023. [PMID: 37246451 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by core symptoms including impairment in social communication and restrictive and repetitive behaviors and interests. Music has emerged in the past decade as an intervention therapy for children with ASD. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of music on cognition impairments in the valproic acid (VPA) rat model of autism. The VPA was administered for animal modeling of autism on embryonic day 12.5 (E12.5) (600 mg/kg). Male and female pups were sub divided into four main groups (Saline.Non-music, VPA.Non-music, Saline.Music, and VPA.Music). The rats in the music groups were exposed to Mozart's piano sonata K.448 for 30 days (4 h/day), from postnatal day (PND) 21 to 50. Autistic-like behaviors were tested using a social interaction, the Morris water maze (MWM), and a passive avoidance tasks at the end of the PND 50. Our results demonstrated that VPA-exposed rat pups had significantly lower sociability and social memory performance compared with the saline-exposed rats in both sexes. VPA-exposed rat pups exhibited learning and memory impairments in the MWM and passive avoidance tasks. Our results demonstrated that music improved sociability in VPA-exposed rats, especially in males. Furthermore, our findings revealed that music improved learning impairments in VPA-exposed male rats in MWM task. In addition, music improved spatial memory impairments in VPA-exposed rats of both sexes. We also found that music improved passive avoidance memory impairments in VPA-exposed rats of both sexes, especially in females. More investigation in future studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farahnaz Taheri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sara Joushi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Esmaeilpour
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Physics and Astronomy department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vahid Sheibani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Navid Ebrahimi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zahra Taheri Zadeh
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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8
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Lun T, Lin S, Chen Y, Zhao Y, Wang D, Li L, Yu J. Acupuncture for children with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33079. [PMID: 36827010 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the efficiency and safety of acupuncture in core symptomatic improvement of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS We searched the following databases: Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Medline, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical (VIP) and Chinese Biological Medicine (CBM), from 1 January 2012 to 25 September 2022. The Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC), Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), and Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) were adopted as outcome indicators. Three reviewers independently assessed the risk of bias (ROB) and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE)assessment. Utilizing Review Manager (RevMan) 5.3 and Stata 12.0, data were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 38 trials were included, and 2862 participants participated in qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis. Only 1 trial was assessed as having a low ROB, and 37 trials were assessed as having an overall high ROB. The quality of evidence for most indicators were considered very low by the GRADE criteria. The results showed that acupuncture groups might have a higher clinical effective rate than nonacupuncture groups (relative risk [RR] = 1.33,95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.25-1.41; heterogeneity: x2=18.15, P = .64, I2 = 0%). Regarding changes in ABC scores, the acupuncture groups might exhibit greater decrease than nonacupuncture groups (MMD = -6.06, 95%CI = -7.25 to -4.87, P < .00001; heterogeneity: x2 =73.37, P = .03, I2 = 77%). In terms of changes in CARS score, acupuncture group may benefit more than nonacupuncture group (MMD = -3.93, 95%CI = 4.90 to -2.95, P < .00001; heterogeneity: x2=234.47, P < .00001, I2 = 90%). Additionally, in terms of ATEC score, acupuncture groups showed more benefit than nonacupuncture groups (MMD = -10.24, 95%CI = -13.09 to -7.38, P < .00001; heterogeneity: x2=45.74, P = .04, I2 = 85%). Both subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis are existing heterogeneity. Only 1 RCT study involved adverse events with mild symptoms that did not interfere with treatment and evaluation. CONCLUSION Children with ASD may benefit from acupuncture because of its effectiveness and safety. Nevertheless, given the low quality of the evidence for the assessed outcomes and the high ROB of analyzed trials, the results should be regarded with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Lun
- Clinical School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoping Lin
- Clinical School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuecai Chen
- Clinical School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunxuan Zhao
- Clinical School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dexin Wang
- Clinical School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- College of TCM health care, Guangdong Food and Drug Vocational College, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Yu
- Clinical School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Mössler K, Halstead J, Metell M, Gottschewski K, Schmid W. The room is a mess: Exploring the co-creation of space for attunement dynamics between an autistic child and a non-autistic music therapist. NORDIC JOURNAL OF MUSIC THERAPY 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/08098131.2022.2145346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karin Mössler
- GAMUT – The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jill Halstead
- The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, Department of Music, Faculty of Fine Art, Music and Design, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Maren Metell
- GAMUT – The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Katja Gottschewski
- GAMUT – The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
- Lunderød School and Resource Centre, Arendal, Norway
| | - Wolfgang Schmid
- GAMUT – The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
- The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, Department of Music, Faculty of Fine Art, Music and Design, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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10
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Low MY, McFerran KS, Viega M, Carroll-Scott A, McGhee Hassrick E, Bradt J. Exploring the lived experiences of young autistic adults in Nordoff-Robbins music therapy: An interpretative phenomenological analysis. NORDIC JOURNAL OF MUSIC THERAPY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/08098131.2022.2151640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yuan Low
- Music Therapy, Berklee College of Music, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Michael Viega
- John J. Cali School of Music, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA
| | - Amy Carroll-Scott
- Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Joke Bradt
- Department of Creative Arts Therapies, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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11
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Grau-Sánchez J, Jamey K, Paraskevopoulos E, Dalla Bella S, Gold C, Schlaug G, Belleville S, Rodríguez-Fornells A, Hackney ME, Särkämö T. Putting music to trial: Consensus on key methodological challenges investigating music-based rehabilitation. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2022; 1518:12-24. [PMID: 36177875 PMCID: PMC10091788 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Major advances in music neuroscience have fueled a growing interest in music-based neurological rehabilitation among researchers and clinicians. Musical activities are excellently suited to be adapted for clinical practice because of their multisensory nature, their demands on cognitive, language, and motor functions, and music's ability to induce emotions and regulate mood. However, the overall quality of music-based rehabilitation research remains low to moderate for most populations and outcomes. In this consensus article, expert panelists who participated in the Neuroscience and Music VII conference in June 2021 address methodological challenges relevant to music-based rehabilitation research. The article aims to provide guidance on challenges related to treatment, outcomes, research designs, and implementation in music-based rehabilitation research. The article addresses how to define music-based rehabilitation, select appropriate control interventions and outcomes, incorporate technology, and consider individual differences, among other challenges. The article highlights the value of the framework for the development and evaluation of complex interventions for music-based rehabilitation research and the need for stronger methodological rigor to allow the widespread implementation of music-based rehabilitation into regular clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Grau-Sánchez
- School of Nursing and Occupational Therapy of Terrassa, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Terrassa, Spain.,Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit, Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kevin Jamey
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sounds Research (BRAMS), Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Centre for Research on Brain, Language and Music (CRBLM), Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Simone Dalla Bella
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sounds Research (BRAMS), Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Centre for Research on Brain, Language and Music (CRBLM), Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Christian Gold
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gottfried Schlaug
- Music, Neuroimaging, and Stroke Recovery Laboratories, Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School-Baystate, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering/Institute of Applied Life Sciences at UMass Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sylvie Belleville
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Antoni Rodríguez-Fornells
- Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit, Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Madeleine E Hackney
- Departments of Medicine and Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University School of Nursing, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Health Care System, Decatur, Georgia, USA.,Birmingham/Atlanta VA Geriatric Rehabilitation Education and Clinical Center, Decatur, Georgia, USA
| | - Teppo Särkämö
- Cognitive Brain Research Unit (CBRU), Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine and Centre of Excellence in Music, Mind, Body and Brain (MMBB), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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12
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Gottfried T, Elefant C, Gold C. Music-oriented parent counseling to promote improvement in level of parental stress, quality of life and the use of music in everyday life among parents of children with autism: A mixed-methods randomized controlled study. NORDIC JOURNAL OF MUSIC THERAPY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/08098131.2022.2131890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tali Gottfried
- Graduate Program for Special Education, Herzog College, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Cochavit Elefant
- School for Creative Arts Therapies, Emili Sagol Creative Arts Therapies Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Christian Gold
- GAMUT – The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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13
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Dănciulescu T, Zaharia A. Piano with a Twist: A Pilot Study Exploring the Preliminary Effects of a Piano Therapy Program for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. ARTS IN PSYCHOTHERAPY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aip.2022.101987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bernier A, Ratcliff K, Hilton C, Fingerhut P, Li CY. Art Interventions for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Scoping Review. Am J Occup Ther 2022; 76:23901. [PMID: 36007137 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2022.049320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological condition characterized by impairments in social interaction, communication, and behavior. Occupational therapy practitioners use creative arts interventions for children with ASD, but relevant evidence for these interventions is lacking. OBJECTIVE To provide occupational therapists evidence of the benefit of creative arts interventions for children with ASD by evaluating treatment efficacy and connecting the evidence with the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework: Domain and Process (4th ed.; OTPF-4). DATA SOURCES We searched peer-reviewed articles in six databases: CINAHL, Cochrane, PubMed, Ovid, PsycInfo, and Scopus. Eighteen articles published between 2000 and 2020 met Level 1b or 2b evidence criteria and were retrieved for full review; 15 were included in this scoping review. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA COLLECTION We used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to extract data. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) Level 1b or 2b study; (2) quantitative data; (3) published in English; (4) population of children (ages <18 yr); (5) primary diagnosis of ASD; and (6) creative arts intervention in the forms of drawing, painting, or coloring; music; or theater. FINDINGS Creative arts interventions benefited children with ASD in two OTPF-4 areas (process and social interaction) pertaining to the Performance Skills domain and one OTPF-4 area (body functions) pertaining to the Client Factors domain. We found similar effects for group and individual intervention sessions, and significant improvements required multiple sessions. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Our findings provide evidence for the efficacy of creative arts interventions to enhance occupation-based outcomes for children with ASD. What This Article Adds: Our findings support occupational therapy practitioners' use of creative arts interventions to improve OTPF-4-based client factors and process and social interaction skills for children with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Bernier
- Allison Bernier is Entry-Level Occupational Therapy Doctoral Student, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
| | - Karen Ratcliff
- Karen Ratcliff, PhD, OTR/L, is Associate Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
| | - Claudia Hilton
- Claudia Hilton, PhD, OTR/L, is Associate Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
| | - Patricia Fingerhut
- Patricia Fingerhut, PhD, OTR/L, is Professor and Chair, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
| | - Chi-Ying Li
- Chi-Ying Li, PhD, OTR/L, is Associate Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston;
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Social interaction and social communication are among the central areas of difficulty for autistic people. Music therapy uses music experiences and the relationships that develop through them to enable communication and expression, thus attempting to address some of the core problems of autistic people. Music therapy has been applied in autism since the early 1950s, but its availability to autistic individuals varies across countries and settings. The application of music therapy requires specialised academic and clinical training which enables therapists to tailor the intervention to the specific needs of the individual. The present version of this review on music therapy for autistic people is an update of the previous Cochrane review update published in 2014 (following the original Cochrane review published in 2006). OBJECTIVES To review the effects of music therapy, or music therapy added to standard care, for autistic people. SEARCH METHODS In August 2021, we searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, eleven other databases and two trials registers. We also ran citation searches, checked reference lists, and contacted study authors to identify additional studies. SELECTION CRITERIA All randomised controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-randomised trials and controlled clinical trials comparing music therapy (or music therapy alongside standard care) to 'placebo' therapy, no treatment, or standard care for people with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder were considered for inclusion. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard Cochrane methodological procedures. Four authors independently selected studies and extracted data from all included studies. We synthesised the results of included studies in meta-analyses. Four authors independently assessed risk of bias (RoB) of each included study using the original RoB tool as well as the certainty of evidence using GRADE. MAIN RESULTS: We included 16 new studies in this update which brought the total number of included studies to 26 (1165 participants). These studies examined the short- and medium-term effect of music therapy (intervention duration: three days to eight months) for autistic people in individual or group settings. More than half of the studies were conducted in North America or Asia. Twenty-one studies included children aged from two to 12 years. Five studies included children and adolescents, and/or young adults. Severity levels, language skills, and cognition were widely variable across studies. Measured immediately post-intervention, music therapy compared with 'placebo' therapy or standard care was more likely to positively effect global improvement (risk ratio (RR) 1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06 to 1.40; 8 studies, 583 participants; moderate-certainty evidence; number needed to treat for an additional beneficial outcome (NNTB) = 11 for low-risk population, 95% CI 6 to 39; NNTB = 6 for high-risk population, 95% CI 3 to 21) and to slightly increase quality of life (SMD 0.28, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.49; 3 RCTs, 340 participants; moderate-certainty evidence, small to medium effect size). In addition, music therapy probably results in a large reduction in total autism symptom severity (SMD -0.83, 95% CI -1.41 to -0.24; 9 studies, 575 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). No clear evidence of a difference between music therapy and comparison groups at immediately post-intervention was found for social interaction (SMD 0.26, 95% CI -0.05 to 0.57, 12 studies, 603 participants; low-certainty evidence); non-verbal communication (SMD 0.26, 95% CI -0.03 to 0.55; 7 RCTs, 192 participants; low-certainty evidence); and verbal communication (SMD 0.30, 95% CI -0.18 to 0.78; 8 studies, 276 participants; very low-certainty evidence). Two studies investigated adverse events with one (36 participants) reporting no adverse events; the other study found no differences between music therapy and standard care immediately post-intervention (RR 1.52, 95% CI 0.39 to 5.94; 1 study, 290 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this updated review provide evidence that music therapy is probably associated with an increased chance of global improvement for autistic people, likely helps them to improve total autism severity and quality of life, and probably does not increase adverse events immediately after the intervention. The certainty of the evidence was rated as 'moderate' for these four outcomes, meaning that we are moderately confident in the effect estimate. No clear evidence of a difference was found for social interaction, non-verbal communication, and verbal communication measured immediately post-intervention. For these outcomes, the certainty of the evidence was rated as 'low' or 'very low', meaning that the true effect may be substantially different from these results. Compared with earlier versions of this review, the new studies included in this update helped to increase the certainty and applicability of this review's findings through larger sample sizes, extended age groups, longer periods of intervention and inclusion of follow-up assessments, and by predominantly using validated scales measuring generalised behaviour (i.e. behaviour outside of the therapy context). This new evidence is important for autistic individuals and their families as well as for policymakers, service providers and clinicians, to help in decisions around the types and amount of intervention that should be provided and in the planning of resources. The applicability of the findings is still limited to the age groups included in the studies, and no direct conclusions can be drawn about music therapy in autistic individuals above the young adult age. More research using rigorous designs, relevant outcome measures, and longer-term follow-up periods is needed to corroborate these findings and to examine whether the effects of music therapy are enduring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Geretsegger
- GAMUT - The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Laura Fusar-Poli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Cochavit Elefant
- Department of Creative Arts Therapies, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Karin A Mössler
- GAMUT - The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Giovanni Vitale
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Christian Gold
- GAMUT - The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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A Systematic Review of Scientific Studies on the Effects of Music in People with or at Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095150. [PMID: 35564544 PMCID: PMC9100336 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is globally increasing, and the current available interventions show variable success. Thus, there is a growing interest in additional interventions such as music therapy (MT). Therefore, we aimed to provide a comprehensive and systematic review of music and people with, or at risk of, ASD. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and used PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science as databases, with “music”, “music therapy”, “autism spectrum disorder”, and “ASD” as search terms. Among the identified and screened articles, 81 out of 621 qualified as scientific studies involving a total of 43,353 participants. These studies investigated the peculiarities of music perception in people with ASD, as well as the effects of music and MT in this patient group. Most of the music-based interventions were beneficial in improving social, emotional, and behavioural problems. However, the availability of studies utilizing a rigorous randomized controlled trial (RCT) design was scarce. Most of the studies had a small sample size, and the applied therapeutic and scientific research methods were heterogeneous.
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Klyve GP, Rolvsjord R. Moments of fun: Narratives of children’s experiences of music therapy in mental health care. NORDIC JOURNAL OF MUSIC THERAPY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/08098131.2022.2055114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guro Parr Klyve
- The Grieg Academy – Department of Music, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Randi Rolvsjord
- The Grieg Academy – Department of Music, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Davies H. ‘Autism is a way of being’: An ‘insider perspective’ on neurodiversity, music therapy and social justice. BRITISH JOURNAL OF MUSIC THERAPY 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/13594575221090182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Neurodiversity (the idea that autism is a natural part of human diversity) is a concept that is only just beginning to be explored in music therapy research. The idea of neurodiversity can be viewed as an important part of the emerging discourse around diversity and social justice in British music therapy, with a potentially radical influence on both music therapy practice and the way in which autistic clients and colleagues are viewed. This article, written from the ‘insider perspective’ of an autistic Music Therapist, explores the origins of the concept of neurodiversity, the emerging strand of music therapy research concerning neurodiversity, the re-framing of autistic characteristics such as stimming within the concept of autistic culture, and the potential influence on music therapy practice and discourse of a wider paradigm shift towards the neurodiversity paradigm. These topics are considered within a social justice context, situating autistic / neurodivergent people as a minoritized identity within society and examining the potential influence of power dynamics, unconscious bias and privilege within the therapeutic relationship. The characteristics of a neurodiversity-affirmative style of music therapy are considered, and a need is identified for more music therapy research in order to elucidate this way of working.
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Blauth L, Oldfield A. Research into increasing resilience in children with autism through music therapy: Statistical analysis of video data. NORDIC JOURNAL OF MUSIC THERAPY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/08098131.2022.2044893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Blauth
- Institute for Applied Social Sciences, Music Therapy Lab, University of Applied Sciences Würzburg-Schweinfurt, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Amelia Oldfield
- Cambridge Institute for Music Therapy Research, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
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20
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Pater M, Spreen M, Yperen TV. Music therapy for children on the autism spectrum: Improved social interaction observed by multiple informants across different social contexts. NORDIC JOURNAL OF MUSIC THERAPY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/08098131.2022.2046628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Pater
- RUG, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marinus Spreen
- NHLStenden University of Applied Sciences, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Tom van Yperen
- RUG, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
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21
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Attar N, Al-Hroub A, El Zein F. Effects of Three Music Therapy Interventions on the Verbal Expressions of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Combined Single-Subject Design. Front Psychol 2022; 13:819473. [PMID: 35310290 PMCID: PMC8931400 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.819473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The specific aims of this research study were to (a) examine the differential effect of three different music interventions, namely the interactive music playing therapy ("music and singing"), interaction music singing therapy ("singing"), and receptive music therapy ("listening") studying the varying latency periods in the response time it took 3-year-old children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to elicit the target word vocally; and (b) assess the index of happiness of children with ASD after the implementation of the three music interventions, which can, in turn, be used to influence their overall quality of life through this specific intervention. This study used a combined single-subject research design consisting of delayed multiple baseline across the participants and a multielement design to compare the effects of each music intervention technique targeting the child's verbal response during playback of a practiced song. Findings demonstrated "singing" to be associated with the lowest latency compared to the other two interventions ("listening" and "singing and music") across participants. Additionally, happiness levels varied from neutral to happy, signifying an overall positive experience during participation in the music applied behavior analysis (ABA) intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayla Attar
- Department of Education, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Anies Al-Hroub
- Department of Education, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Farah El Zein
- Emirates College for Advanced Education, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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22
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Convergent Validity for the Individual Music-Centered Assessment Profile for Neurodevelopmental Disorders. J Music Ther 2022; 59:156-175. [DOI: 10.1093/jmt/thab021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A significant percentage of music therapists actively provides services to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). There is an absence, however, of a widely accepted clinical instrument, specific to music therapy work with this population, that demonstrates psychometric validation. Establishing commonality in assessing and documenting this particular work within the field would be pivotal to furthering the efforts which have established music therapy as evidenced-based practice. A study was conducted to explore the convergent validity between the Musical Emotion Assessment Rating Scale (MEARS), which is Scale I of the Individual Music-Centered Assessment Profile of the Neurodevelopmental Disorders (IMCAP-ND) assessment tool, with the Social Affect Scale domains and item variables of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS). The data revealed statistical significance, thus supporting convergent validity with several specific MEARS scores when compared with the ADOS Social Affect domain score. The current investigation supports the IMCAP-ND’s soundness as an assessment tool possessing valid and reliable psychometric properties. The convergent validity between MEARS and ADOS showed positive results in the area of social affect. Implications of this study are related to clinical practice and may impact how music therapists assess children with autism. Furthermore, this study contributes to the growing body of music therapy assessments that have yielded valid and reliable scores used to evaluate core features of ASD (e.g., social affect).
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23
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Feng Y, Zhou X, Liu Q, Deng T, Qin X, Chen B, Zhang L. Symptom severity and posttraumatic growth in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder: The moderating role of social support. Autism Res 2022; 15:602-613. [PMID: 35048558 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience posttraumatic growth (PTG). No study has investigated the moderating effect of social support and family function between symptom severity and PTG. The study aims to examine whether social support and family function moderate the relationship between symptom severity and PTG among parents of children with ASD. Using a cross-sectional design, a total of 385 parents of children with ASD were recruited from September 2019 to November 2020 by convenience sampling. Participants completed the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, Social Support Rating Scale, Autism Behavior Checklist, and Family Apgar Index. Both social support (r = 0.354, p < 0.01) and family function (r = 0.379, p < 0.05) were significantly related to PTG. Although symptom severity was not significantly related to PTG (p > 0.05), social support moderated the correlation between symptom severity and PTG [β(SE) = -0.134 (0.719), p < 0.01, 95% CI = (-3.552, -0.723)]; the positive association was stronger for low social support [β(SE) = 0.145 (0.054), t = 2.675, p < 0.01, 95% CI = (0.038, 0.252)], while the negative association was weaker for high social support [β(SE) = -0.121 (0.051), t = -2.378, p < 0.05, 95% CI = (-0.221, -0.021)]. Family function did not moderate the relationship (p > 0.05). Higher social support appears to buffer the detrimental effect of symptom severity on PTG, and social support seems to be an important factor when delivering interventions aimed at decreasing symptom severity and improving positive growth. LAY SUMMARY: Both social support and family function were positively associated with PTG. Providing sufficient perceived social support and enhancing family function promoted parents' positive psychological experience. Higher social support seemed to buffer the detrimental effect of symptom severity on PTG, and it could be an important intervention target for improving the psychological growth of parents of children with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongshen Feng
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuezhen Zhou
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Deng
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuqun Qin
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Biyuan Chen
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lifeng Zhang
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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24
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Ke X, Song W, Yang M, Li J, Liu W. Effectiveness of music therapy in children with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:905113. [PMID: 36276324 PMCID: PMC9582596 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.905113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was to investigated the efficacy of music therapy (MT) in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) via a meta-analysis that comprehensively evaluated data from all eligible research in this field. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING A systematic search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to October 2021 to identify studies that administered MT to children with ASD. RESULTS Eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) including 608 participants met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis showed that MT was associated with a significant increase in social reactions among children with ASD (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.24, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.03, 0.46], I 2 = 0%, P = 0.03). However, MT did not elicit a significant increase in symptom severity (SMD = 0.17, 95% CI [-0.04,0.38], I 2 = 0%,P = 0.12), social adaptive behavior (SMD = 0.02, 95% CI [-0.44,0.48], I 2 = 0%,P = 0.93) or speech (SMD = 0.04, 95% CI [-0.39, 0.47], I 2 = 0%, P = 0.86) in children with ASD. CONCLUSION MT can improve social skills in children with ASD; however, there does not seem to be a consensus on the persistence of its effects. These findings can inform clinical practice. Promoting the use of MT in children with ASD and improving its symptoms are the ultimate goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Ke
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Minguang Yang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianhong Li
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weilin Liu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
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Amonkar N, Su WC, Bhat AN, Srinivasan SM. Effects of Creative Movement Therapies on Social Communication, Behavioral-Affective, Sensorimotor, Cognitive, and Functional Participation Skills of Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:722874. [PMID: 34867515 PMCID: PMC8637167 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.722874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting multiple developmental domains including social communication, behavioral-affective, sensorimotor, and cognitive systems. There is growing evidence for the use of holistic, whole-body, Creative Movement Therapies (CMT) such as music, dance, yoga, theater, and martial arts in addressing the multisystem impairments in ASD. We conducted a comprehensive quantitative and qualitative review of the evidence to date on the effects of CMT on multiple systems in individuals with ASD. The strongest evidence, both in terms of quantity and quality, exists for music and martial arts-based interventions followed by yoga and theater, with very limited research on dance-based approaches. Our review of 72 studies (N = 1,939 participants) across participants with ASD ranging from 3 to 65 years of age suggests that at present there is consistent evidence from high quality studies for small-to-large sized improvements in social communication skills following music and martial arts therapies and medium-to-large improvements in motor and cognitive skills following yoga and martial arts training, with insufficient evidence to date for gains in affective, sensory, and functional participation domains following CMT. Although promising, our review serves as a call for more rigorous high-quality research to assess the multisystem effects of CMT in ASD. Based on the existing literature, we discuss implications of our findings for autism researchers and also provide evidence-based guidelines for clinicians to incorporate CMT approaches in their plan of care for individuals with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Amonkar
- Physical Therapy Program, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
- Institute for Health, Intervention, and Policy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
- The Connecticut Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Wan-Chun Su
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
- Biomechanics and Movement Science Program, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Anjana N. Bhat
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
- Biomechanics and Movement Science Program, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Sudha M. Srinivasan
- Physical Therapy Program, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
- Institute for Health, Intervention, and Policy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
- The Connecticut Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
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Gassner L, Geretsegger M, Mayer-Ferbas J. Effectiveness of music therapy for autism spectrum disorder, dementia, depression, insomnia and schizophrenia: update of systematic reviews. Eur J Public Health 2021; 32:27-34. [PMID: 34595510 PMCID: PMC8846327 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Music therapy (MT) aims at maintaining, restoring and furthering
physical/emotional/mental health. This review assesses effectiveness of MT
and its methods for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), dementia, depression,
insomnia and schizophrenia. Methods A search for systematic reviews and health technology assessment reports was
conducted and yielded 139 hits. Given the large amount, we focused on five
frequent diagnostic groups with available Cochrane reviews. A second search
was conducted in four databases. Two authors independently performed study
selection, data extraction and assessed methodological quality. Only trials
with moderate/low risk of bias (RoB) were selected. Results Ten randomized controlled trials (1.248 participants) met inclusion criteria.
For schizophrenia, no studies with low/moderate RoB were found; therefore,
updating was not possible. The Cochrane authors stated that quality of life
(QoL), social functioning, global/mental state improved for schizophrenia,
but not global functioning. For ASD, MT improved behaviour, social
communication, brain connectivity and parent–child relationship. For
depression, mood was enhanced, and for insomnia, sleep quality, stress,
anxiety, total sleep time, disease severity and psychological QoL improved.
MT positively affected mood, neuropsychiatric behaviour, apathy,
communication and physical functions for dementia; behavioural/psychological
symptoms improved only in severe, and memory and verbal fluency only in mild
Alzheimer’s disease. Cognition improved for dementia in one of four
studies. Both active (playing music) and receptive (listening to music)
methods were used for dementia, whereas for ASD and depression, active
methods were applied. For insomnia, only receptive methods were used. Conclusion These findings provide evidence that MT helps patients improving their
physical/psychosocial health. More research investigating long-term effects
is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Gassner
- HTA Austria - Austrian Institute for Health Technology Assessment GmbH, Austria.,Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Australia.,University of Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Julia Mayer-Ferbas
- HTA Austria - Austrian Institute for Health Technology Assessment GmbH, Austria
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Rickson D. Family members’ and other experts’ perceptions of music therapy with children on the autism spectrum in New Zealand: Findings from multiple case studies. ARTS IN PSYCHOTHERAPY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aip.2021.101833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Aguglia E, Fusar-Poli L. Still a Long Way to Go. Editorial for the Special Issue "Understanding Autism Spectrum Disorder". Brain Sci 2021; 11:1062. [PMID: 34439681 PMCID: PMC8392122 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11081062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although many years have passed since the first descriptions of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) [...].
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Fusar-Poli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy;
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Aithal S, Karkou V, Makris S, Karaminis T, Powell J. A Dance Movement Psychotherapy Intervention for the Wellbeing of Children With an Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Intervention Study. Front Psychol 2021; 12:588418. [PMID: 34349692 PMCID: PMC8326518 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.588418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sustaining the wellbeing for children with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be highly demanding. Dance Movement Psychotherapy (DMP), a form of psychotherapy with a non-verbal character, may present as a relevant intervention option for this group of children. Methods A protocol-based group DMP intervention was developed and implemented in two special educational needs schools in the North West of England. We aimed to investigate the effects of DMP on children with ASD using the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Twenty-six children aged between 8 and 13 years (mean age = 10.65 years) with ASD were randomly allocated to DMP and a control group with standard care, following a crossover research design. Results Results showed no significant carryover or period effects for either the SCQ or SDQ (p > 0.05). A significant intervention effect was found only for SCQ (p = 0.005) but not for SDQ (p > 0.05). ANCOVAs were performed on the data before the crossover to test for differences in SCQ and SDQ scores between the DMP intervention and control groups while controlling for pre-intervention scores. Those in the DMP intervention group presented significantly lower SCQ scores following the intervention period than those in the control group (p = 0.001). No significant differences in post-intervention SDQ scores were found between DMP intervention and control groups (p = 0.2). However, minimal clinically important differences (MCID) were reached for both SCQ and SDQ measures before crossover for those in the DMP intervention group. Moreover, repeated measures ANOVAs performed on SCQ and SDQ measures following crossover were significant, with the change in both SCQ (p = 0.001) and SDQ (p = 0.009) pre-and post-intervention being significantly greater for those in the DMP intervention than the control group. Conclusion The pilot DMP intervention has shown promising results on the social and emotional wellbeing of children with ASD irrespective of whether they preferred verbal or non-verbal mode of communication. Limitations and appropriateness of the research methods implemented in this study for their use in a large RCT are discussed in detail. Overall, our findings highlight the value of creative therapies for improving the lives of young vulnerable groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supritha Aithal
- Research Centre for Arts and Wellbeing, School of Applied Health and Social Care, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
| | - Vicky Karkou
- Research Centre for Arts and Wellbeing, School of Applied Health and Social Care, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
| | - Stergios Makris
- Research Centre for Arts and Wellbeing, Department of Psychology, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
| | - Themis Karaminis
- Research Centre for Arts and Wellbeing, Department of Psychology, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne Powell
- Research Centre for Arts and Wellbeing, Department of Psychology, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
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Carpente J, Casenhiser DM, Kelliher M, Mulholland J, Sluder HL, Crean A, Cerruto A. The impact of imitation on engagement in minimally verbal children with autism during improvisational music therapy. NORDIC JOURNAL OF MUSIC THERAPY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/08098131.2021.1924843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John Carpente
- Rebecca Center for Music Therapy at Molloy College, Rockville Centre, NY, USA
| | - Devin M. Casenhiser
- Department of Audiology & Speech Pathology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Michael Kelliher
- Rebecca Center for Music Therapy at Molloy College, Rockville Centre, NY, USA
| | - Jill Mulholland
- Rebecca Center for Music Therapy at Molloy College, Rockville Centre, NY, USA
| | - H. Logan Sluder
- Department of Audiology & Speech Pathology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Anne Crean
- Rebecca Center for Music Therapy at Molloy College, Rockville Centre, NY, USA
| | - Audra Cerruto
- Rebecca Center for Music Therapy at Molloy College, Rockville Centre, NY, USA
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West R, Silverman MJ. Social Skills Instruments for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Critical Interpretive Synthesis. J Music Ther 2021; 58:121-154. [PMID: 33245342 DOI: 10.1093/jmt/thaa017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Identifying and critically analyzing the most frequently used social skills psychometric instruments (SSPI) for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can inform future music therapy research and clinical practice. Therefore, the initial purpose of this critical interpretive synthesis was to identify the SSPI most frequently used as dependent measures in the Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (JADD) for children with ASD from 2012 to 2018. Results indicated that the Social Responsiveness Scale (n = 35), Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (n = 19), and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (n = 15) were the most frequently used instruments. Congruent with critical interpretive synthesis methodology, we then identified the psychometric properties and advantages and disadvantages of the 9 most commonly used instruments. To compare these results with the existing music therapy literature, we also identified nonmusical SSPI used as dependent measures in music therapy research for children with ASD in studies published between 2012 and 2018. In comparing the data sets, music therapy researchers used 5 of the 9 SSPI we identified from our JADD review. Understanding frequently used SSPI has applications for consultation and communication with other professionals as well as how future music therapy research is conducted. Implications for clinical practice, limitations of the study, and suggestions for future research are provided.
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Latif N, Di Francesco C, Custo-Blanch M, Hyde K, Sharda M, Nadig A. Joint engagement and movement: Active ingredients of a music-based intervention with school-age children with autism. NeuroRehabilitation 2021; 48:167-185. [PMID: 33664155 DOI: 10.3233/nre-208012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effectiveness of music-based interventions (MI) in autism has been attested for decades. Yet, there has been little empirical investigation of the active ingredients, or processes involved in music-based interventions that differentiate them from other approaches. OBJECTIVES Here, we examined whether two processes, joint engagement and movement, which have previously been studied in isolation, contribute as important active ingredients for the efficacy of music-based interventions. METHODS In two separate analyses, we investigated whether (1) joint engagement with the therapist, measured using a coding scheme verified for reliability, and (2) movement elicited by music-making, measured using a computer-vision technique for quantifying motion, may drive the benefits previously observed in response to MI (but not a controlled non-MI) in children with autism. RESULTS Compared to a non-music control intervention, children and the therapist in MI spent more time in triadic engagement (between child, therapist, and activity) and produced greater movement, with amplitude of motion closely linked to the type of musical instrument. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these findings provide initial evidence of the active ingredients of music-based interventions in autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Latif
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Cynthia Di Francesco
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Melanie Custo-Blanch
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Krista Hyde
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, Montreal, Canada
| | - Megha Sharda
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, Montreal, Canada
| | - Aparna Nadig
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Incorrect Values in Table. JAMA 2021; 325:1473. [PMID: 33847728 PMCID: PMC8044729 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2021.4108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Mayer-Benarous H, Benarous X, Vonthron F, Cohen D. Music Therapy for Children With Autistic Spectrum Disorder and/or Other Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Systematic Review. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:643234. [PMID: 33897497 PMCID: PMC8062803 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.643234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Several studies have reported contradictory results regarding the benefits of music interventions in children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods: We performed a systematic review according to the PRISMA guidelines. We searched the Cochrane, PubMed and Medline databases from January 1970 to September 2020 to review all empirical findings, except case reports, measuring the effect of music therapy on youths with ASD, intellectual disability (ID), communication disorder (CD), developmental coordination disorder (DCD), specific learning disorder, and attention/deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Results: Thirty-nine studies (N = 1,774 participants) were included in this review (ASD: n = 22; ID: n = 7; CD and dyslexia: n = 5; DCD: n = 0; ADHD: n = 5 studies). Two main music therapies were used: educational music therapy and improvisational music therapy. A positive effect of educational music therapy on patients with ASD was reported in most controlled studies (6/7), particularly in terms of speech production. A positive effect of improvisational music therapy was reported in most controlled studies (6/8), particularly in terms of social functioning. The subgroup of patients with both ASD and ID had a higher response rate. Data are lacking for children with other NDDs, although preliminary evidence appears encouraging for educational music therapy in children with dyslexia. Discussion: Improvisational music therapy in children with NDDs appears relevant for individuals with both ASD and ID. More research should be encouraged to explore whether oral and written language skills may improve after educational music therapy, as preliminary data are encouraging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Mayer-Benarous
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, APHP.SU, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Benarous
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
- INSERM Unit U1105 Research Group for Analysis of the Multimodal Cerebral Function, University of Picardy Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens, France
| | | | - David Cohen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, APHP.SU, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 7222, Institute for Intelligent Systems and Robotics, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
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Bieleninik Ł, Gold C. Estimating Components and Costs of Standard Care for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Europe from a Large International Sample. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11030340. [PMID: 33800056 PMCID: PMC7999124 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11030340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: European guidelines provide recommendations for services and care for people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but not all interventions are generally available. Knowledge of service use and costs and wider societal costs in Europe is limited; (2) Method: Using an international sample, we analysed services and costs in 357 children (4-6.99 years) with ASD based on parent reports. Costs were transformed into EU-28 average using purchasing power parity; (3) Results: 122 children (34%) received specialist autism services; 149 (42%) received sensory/motor therapy; 205 (57%) received speech/language therapy; 35 (10%) received play therapy; 55 (15%) received behavioural interventions; 31 (9%) received social skills training; 47 (13%) participated in therapeutic recreational activities; and 59 (17%) received other services. The total number of hours for these services combined over two months was M = 34 (SD = 63; range: 0 -372). Estimated total costs of health-related services were M = 1210 EUR (SD = 2160 EUR); indirect societal costs were M = 1624 EUR (SD = 1317 EUR). Regression analyses suggested that costs rise with age and presence of intellectual disabilities, but not with severity of autism; (4) Conclusions: The high extent of community-based services indicates good accessibility but also considerable variation in the receipt of services. The costs of autism services are considerable. Further research is needed to investigate whether services received match individual needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łucja Bieleninik
- GAMUT—The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, 5838 Bergen, Norway; or
- Institute of Psychology, University of Gdańsk, 80-309 Gdansk, Poland
- Correspondence: or
| | - Christian Gold
- GAMUT—The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, 5838 Bergen, Norway; or
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria
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Marquez-Garcia AV, Magnuson J, Morris J, Iarocci G, Doesburg S, Moreno S. Music Therapy in Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Systematic Review. REVIEW JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40489-021-00246-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Bottema-Beutel K, Crowley S, Sandbank M, Woynaroski TG. Adverse event reporting in intervention research for young autistic children. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2021; 25:322-335. [PMID: 33076682 PMCID: PMC7870528 DOI: 10.1177/1362361320965331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT In this study, we looked at published research on interventions for young autistic children that did not involve administering medication. We were interested in determining how often studies reported on whether adverse events (i.e. physical or psychological distress to the participants) or adverse effects (i.e. adverse events that are thought to be caused by the intervention) had occurred. We found that of the 150 reports we examined, only 11 mentioned adverse events. One of these studies reported adverse events occurred, and three reported that adverse effects occurred. We also reviewed the studies to examine the reasons that were given to explain why any participants dropped out of the intervention (termed "withdrawal"), to determine if any of these reasons could be considered adverse events or adverse effects. Fifty-four studies described reasons for withdrawal, and 10 of these studies had reasons that could be categorized as an adverse event, 8 studies had reasons that could be categorized as an adverse effect, and an additional 12 studies had reasons that were too vaguely described to determine whether they were adverse events or not. We recommend that autism intervention researchers develop more systematic methods of looking for and reporting adverse events and effects, so that professionals and families can be better informed when choosing to enroll their autistic children in interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shannon Crowley
- Boston College, Lynch School of Education and Human Development
| | | | - Tiffany G. Woynaroski
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt Kennedy Center
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Attunement in Music Therapy for Young Children with Autism: Revisiting Qualities of Relationship as Mechanisms of Change. J Autism Dev Disord 2021; 50:3921-3934. [PMID: 32189227 PMCID: PMC7560932 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-020-04448-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This study examined whether musical and emotional attunement predicts changes in improvisational music therapy with children with autism (4–7 years, N = 101, majority: no/limited speech, low IQ), assessed over 12 months. Attunement, as observed from session videos, and changes in generalized social skills, judged by blinded assessors and parents, were evaluated using standardized tools (Assessment of the Quality of Relationship, Improvisational Music Therapy Principles, ADOS, SRS). In contrast to the smaller pilot, we did not find significant effects between attunement and changes in outcomes, only tendencies in the same direction are observed. Findings suggest that symptom severity is associated with the therapist’s ability to attune to the child. They further raise questions concerning outcome selection and user involvement.
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Tomlinson J. Music therapist collaboration with teaching assistants for facilitating verbal and vocal development in young children with special needs: A mixed methods study. BRITISH JOURNAL OF MUSIC THERAPY 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1359457520971815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Music Therapists increasingly work collaboratively alongside other professionals and families. This article presents research into transdisciplinary work with teaching assistants in a school. A mixed methods investigation was carried out to evaluate the development of verbal and vocal skills in young children who received both individual music therapy and additional music sessions carried out by teaching assistants. Qualitative data were gathered to support quantitative video analysis results. The Music Therapist organised music sessions for the teaching assistants to carry out independently, to assess whether this enhanced the children’s verbal development. Statistical analysis of vocal scores from video material utilising bootstrapping techniques indicated that there was a statistically significant difference pre- and post-intervention for the children who had additional teaching assistant music sessions. This indicated that the collaborative approach was effective in enhancing verbal skills. The qualitative evidence also supported this theory. Due to the small number of participants, these results cannot be generalised to other situations and larger scale research could be carried out to demonstrate conclusive results. This study shows that Music Therapists and teaching assistants in schools can work collaboratively and this may potentially enhance the progress children make, with reinforcement of verbal development strategies in the class context.
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Pickard B. A critical reflection on the Health and Care Professions Council Standards of Proficiency for music therapists: A critical disability studies perspective. BRITISH JOURNAL OF MUSIC THERAPY 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1359457520971812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This article takes the theoretical and philosophical lens of critical disability studies to critically reflect on the Health and Care Professions Council Standards of Proficiency for Arts Therapists. The discipline of critical disability studies, evolving from disability studies and the disability rights movement, is initially defined before multiple paradigms of disability are introduced as central tenets of these disciplines. The relationship between critical disability studies and music therapy is explored, with reference to seminal publications and the perceptions of music therapy within them. The Health and Care Professions Council Standards of Proficiency are then taken as a source of reflection to attempt to understand the perpetuation of medicalised perspectives in the profession and the potential friction between critical disability studies and music therapy. A selection of the Standards of Proficiency are analysed according to distinct paradigms of disability. Questions are posed to interrogate and contextualise the standards in relation to critical disability studies philosophy. From this critical reflection, a discussion emerges which reflects on the reach of these professional standards and how they might contribute to a continuing, outdated expert-model of music therapy in the United Kingdom. The article concludes by drawing these threads together in a series of recommendations to educators, practitioners and the wider profession.
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A randomized controlled trial of 25 sessions comparing music therapy and music listening for children with autism spectrum disorder. Psychiatry Res 2020; 293:113377. [PMID: 32798927 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Music therapy is based on the use of musical elements by a trained and qualified therapist. Clinical researches have suggested that children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) may benefit from MT. In this regard, this study examines if MT is more effective than simply listening to music for children with ASD. METHOD A 8-month RCT has been carried out comparing music therapy (MT) to music listening (ML) for children with ASD aged from 4 to 7 years old. Thirty-seven participants were randomly assigned to one of the two groups (MT vs. ML). The outcome measures were the Clinical Global Impression (CGI), the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) in each condition (MT and ML). RESULTS CGI scores decreased more for participants in the MT than in the ML condition. This clinical improvement was associated with an improvement of autistic symptoms on lethargy and stereotypy ABC subscales. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that music therapy is more efficient than music listening for children with ASD. The present study thus supports the consideration of MT as a rightful add-on to ASD healthcare programs.
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Lense MD, Beck S, Liu C, Pfeiffer R, Diaz N, Lynch M, Goodman N, Summers A, Fisher MH. Parents, Peers, and Musical Play: Integrated Parent-Child Music Class Program Supports Community Participation and Well-Being for Families of Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder. Front Psychol 2020; 11:555717. [PMID: 33192810 PMCID: PMC7662132 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.555717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Opportunities for meaningful community participation may influence the development and well-being of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their families as well as impact how community members perceive and understand ASD. In the current study, we aimed to understand how a parent-child integrated music class program could be used to promote community participation and family well-being. Caregivers of preschoolers (2-5 years of age) with ASD and those of peer children with typical development (TD) were interviewed about their participation in a parent-child integrated music class program. Thematic analysis of interviews revealed that all caregivers viewed program participation as positive. Caregivers emphasized increasing connections within families, such as through strengthening parent-child bonds, as well as connections across families, including increased understanding of ASD and sensitivity to the experience of parenting. Many caregivers perceived the class as supporting their parenting and impacting their children's behavior in meaningful ways. Interview themes were supported by measures of caregiver and child program receipt, including questionnaires about family music engagement throughout their time in the class program and behavioral coding of children's engagement during music classes. Findings suggest that integrated community experiences such as parent-child music classes may impact whole family well-being, highlighting the value of integrated community participation experiences at the level of the family system. Parent-child music classes may provide a productive and accessible context for supporting integrated community experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam D. Lense
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Sara Beck
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Randolph College, Lynchburg, VA, United States
| | - Christina Liu
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | | | - Nicole Diaz
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Megan Lynch
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Nia Goodman
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Adam Summers
- Belmont University, Nashville, TN, United States
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Zhou LY, Zhang Y, Tian Y, Fu X, Wang LZ, Xie CG. Effect of music intervention on mental health in patients with diabetes mellitus: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomizsed controlled trials. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e036268. [PMID: 32819943 PMCID: PMC7440704 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION About 463 million adults aged 20-79 have diabetes globally. Mental disorders often exist in patients with diabetes as comorbidities, which can lead to aggravation of the diseases, increased difficulties in treatment, as well as elevated mortality rates. Music intervention has been applied in the treatment of comorbidities for 12 years now, but there are still no recommendations due to the lack of evidence. Thus, a meta-analysis is necessary to evaluate the effect of music intervention in treating mental disorders of patients with diabetes. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will search the following nine online electronic databases from their inception until March 2020: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, EBSCO, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP) and Chinese Biomedical and Medical Database. We also plan to search other relevant resources, including grey literature and the reference lists of relevant publications. Only randomised controlled trials of music intervention to treat depression or anxiety in patients with diabetes will be involved. The primary outcomes include the depression score and anxiety score measured on certain scales, and the secondary outcome is safety. Data extraction will be independently implemented by two researchers. The risk of bias will be evaluated through the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias tool. Eventually, all the data will be analysed via the Review Manager V.5.3 software. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This meta-analysis will provide information about applying music intervention to treat depression or anxiety in patients with diabetes. No ethical approval is required because this meta-analysis is based on published data. The results of this systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019146439.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Yue Zhou
- Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoxu Fu
- Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li-Zhen Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chun-Guang Xie
- Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Dvir T, Lotan N, Viderman R, Elefant C. The body communicates: Movement synchrony during music therapy with children diagnosed with ASD. ARTS IN PSYCHOTHERAPY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aip.2020.101658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Freitag CM, Jensen K, Teufel K, Luh M, Todorova A, Lalk C, Vllasaliu L. Empirisch untersuchte entwicklungsorientierte und verhaltenstherapeutisch basierte Therapieprogramme zur Verbesserung der Kernsymptome und der Sprachentwicklung bei Klein- und Vorschulkindern mit Autismus-Spektrum-Störungen. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KINDER-UND JUGENDPSYCHIATRIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE 2020; 48:224-243. [DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Der vorliegende systematische Überblicksartikel basiert auf Vorarbeiten im Rahmen der Erstellung der AWMF-S3-Leitlinien zur Therapie von Autismus-Spektrum-Störungen (ASS). Das Ziel ist, den aktuellen Stand evidenzbasierter Interventionen zur Behandlung der Kernsymptomatik sowie sprachlichen Förderung im Kleinkind- und Vorschulalter für Kinder mit ASS darzustellen. Einschlusskriterien: entwicklungsorientierte oder verhaltenstherapeutisch basierte, manualisierte Intervention für Kinder mit ASS nach DSM-III (R), DSM-IV (TR), DSM-5 oder ICD-10, Alter < 7 Jahre, Publikationsdatum 1.1.2011 bis 31.8.2018. Iterativ-hierarchischer Prozess für den Studieneinschluss: systematisches Review > randomisiert kontrollierte > kontrollierte klinische Studie. Zielgrößen der eingeschlossenen Studien: zentrale autismusspezifische Symptomatik oder entwicklungspsychologisch belegte Vorläuferfertigkeiten oder Verbesserung der sprachlichen Fertigkeiten. Die Interventionen wurden (1) anhand ihrer wöchentlichen Frequenz sowie (2) anhand der therapeutischen Inhalte sortiert. Spezifische Therapieinhalte, wie die Förderung elterlicher Synchronizität sowie kindlicher gemeinsamer Aufmerksamkeit, Symbolspiel und Imitation einerseits oder die umfassende Förderung verschiedener Entwicklungsbereiche andererseits, wurden in den entsprechenden Studien untersucht. Die soziale Interaktion und Kommunikation verbesserte sich langfristig durch das frühe Training elterlicher Synchronizität und kindlicher Reziprozität sowie durch niedrigfrequente, umfassende, entwicklungsorientierte Therapieprogramme, denen das natürliche Lernformat zugrunde liegt. Hochfrequente, am diskreten Lernformat orientierte Programme zeigten diesbezüglich keine Effekte. Sprachliche Fertigkeiten verbesserten sich ebenfalls durch umfassende Förderung. Der Artikel summiert abschließend die Empfehlungen zu der in diesem Artikel untersuchten Fragestellung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M. Freitag
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Autismus-Therapie- und Forschungszentrum, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
| | - Katrin Jensen
- Institut für Medizinische Biometrie und Informatik (IMBI), Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg
| | - Karoline Teufel
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Autismus-Therapie- und Forschungszentrum, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
| | - Marvin Luh
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Autismus-Therapie- und Forschungszentrum, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
| | - Antoaneta Todorova
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Autismus-Therapie- und Forschungszentrum, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
| | - Christopher Lalk
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Autismus-Therapie- und Forschungszentrum, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
| | - Leonora Vllasaliu
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Autismus-Therapie- und Forschungszentrum, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
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Evidence-based support for autistic people across the lifespan: maximising potential, minimising barriers, and optimising the person-environment fit. Lancet Neurol 2020; 19:434-451. [PMID: 32142628 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(20)30034-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Autism is both a medical condition that gives rise to disability and an example of human variation that is characterised by neurological and cognitive differences. The goal of evidence-based intervention and support is to alleviate distress, improve adaptation, and promote wellbeing. Support should be collaborative, with autistic individuals, families, and service providers taking a shared decision-making approach to maximise the individual's potential, minimise barriers, and optimise the person-environment fit. Comprehensive, naturalistic early intervention with active caregiver involvement can facilitate early social communication, adaptive functioning, and cognitive development; targeted intervention can help to enhance social skills and aspects of cognition. Augmentative and alternative communication interventions show preliminary evidence of benefit in minimising communication barriers. Co-occurring health issues, such as epilepsy and other neurodevelopmental disorders, sleep problems, and mental health challenges, should be treated in a timely fashion. The creation of autism-friendly contexts is best achieved by supporting families, reducing stigma, enhancing peer understanding, promoting inclusion in education, the community, and at work, and through advocacy.
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Epstein S, Elefant C, Thompson G. Music Therapists' Perceptions of the Therapeutic Potentials Using Music When Working With Verbal Children on the Autism Spectrum: A Qualitative Analysis. J Music Ther 2020; 57:66-90. [PMID: 31815286 DOI: 10.1093/jmt/thz017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
While there are numerous descriptions of the use of music and its therapeutic potential by music therapists working with nonverbal children on the autism spectrum, only limited literature focuses on exploring how music therapists use music and perceive its therapeutic potential when working with children on the spectrum who have verbal skills. This qualitative study aimed to explore music therapists' descriptions of the use of music and its therapeutic potential in their work with children on the autism spectrum who have verbal skills. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six qualified music therapists from Israel and then analyzed according to the principles of interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Three main themes were identified: (a) musical infrastructure, which describes how the music therapists facilitated musical experiences to support the children's ability to regulate their arousal, attention and emotions; (b) the meeting point between musical and verbal playfulness, which reflects the music therapists' beliefs about how musical experiences add vitality and support the development of both verbal and nonverbal imaginative play; and (c) musical responses, which describes the different ways music therapists use their voice and songs to interact musically with verbal children. The experiences described by the participants emphasize the importance of the therapist musically attuning to the child's emotional, physiological, creative, and playful qualities, even when the child has verbal skills. These musical interactions help to create a shared experience between the child and therapist that are perceived to help the child's different forms of regulation, continuity, and vitality within the play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulamit Epstein
- School for Creative Arts Therapies, University of Haifa, Haifa and Levinsky College of Education, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Cochavit Elefant
- School for Creative Arts Therapies, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Grace Thompson
- Melbourne Conservatorium of Music, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Clarós P, Porebska I, Clarós-Pujol A, Pujol C, Clarós A, López-Muñoz F, Kaczmarek K. Association Between the Development of Pediatric Voice Disorders and Singing in Children's Choir. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020; 145:445-451. [PMID: 30869740 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2019.0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance Pediatric vocal fold pathology is important because having a healthy voice free from disorders is crucial in a child's emotional and educational development. Objective To determine whether there is an association between singing in a children's choir and the development of voice disorders. Design, Setting, and Participants Prospective cohort study of children (aged 8 to 14 years) singers selected from local children's choirs and nonsingers selected from local schools evaluated at Clarós Otorhinolaryngology Clinic in Barcelona, Spain, from October 2016 through April 2018. Exposures Singing for a mean time of 7.5 hours per week for 2.5 years. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome of the study was the prevalence of voice disorders measured using videostroboscopy. The obtained values were analyzed statistically and used to compare the characteristics of the children and the frequency of voice disorders between the groups. Results Of 1495 enrolled children (745 male [49.8%]; median age, 9.3 years [range, 8-14 years]), 752 were singers and 743 were nonsingers. No differences in baseline characteristics were observed between the groups. Voice disorders were more frequent in the nonsinging group than in the singing group (32.4% vs 15.6%; difference, 16.8%; 95% CI, 12.3%-21.4%). Of 12 voice disorders considered in this study, all 12 were more frequent in the nonsinging group. Functional voice disorders were more frequent in the nonsinging group than in the singing group (20.2% vs 9.4%; difference, 10.8%; 95% CI, 7.2%-14.3%), as were organic voice disorders (12.2% vs 6.1%; difference, 6.1%; 95% CI, 2.6%-9.6%). Conclusions and Relevance Voice disorders were less common among children in the cohort who sing in choirs, possibly because of voice training and the commonly observed habit of attending regular ear, nose, and throat examination. Voice disorders may be prevented in nonsinging children if the same solicitude for voice is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Clarós
- Clarós Otorhinolaryngology Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iwona Porebska
- Clarós Otorhinolaryngology Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology at Stefan Zeromski Specialist Hospital, Cracow, Poland.,Scholarship in Clarós Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Pujol
- Clarós Otorhinolaryngology Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Konrad Kaczmarek
- Department of Applied Mathematics of the Silesian Technical University, Gliwice, Poland
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Brancatisano O, Baird A, Thompson WF. Why is music therapeutic for neurological disorders? The Therapeutic Music Capacities Model. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 112:600-615. [PMID: 32050086 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Music has cognitive, psychosocial, behavioral and motor benefits for people with neurological disorders such as dementia, stroke, Parkinson's disease (PD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Here we discuss seven properties or 'capacities' of music that interact with brain function and contribute to its therapeutic value. Specifically, in its various forms, music can be engaging, emotional, physical, personal, social and persuasive, and it promotes synchronization of movement. We propose the Therapeutic Music Capacities Model (TMCM), which links individual properties of music to therapeutic mechanisms, leading to cognitive, psychosocial, behavioral and motor benefits. We review evidence that these capacities have reliable benefits for people with dementia, stroke, PD and ASD when employed separately or in combination. The model accounts for the profound value that music affords human health and well-being and provides a framework for the development of non-pharmaceutical treatments for neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Brancatisano
- Department of Psychology and Centre for Ageing, Cognition, and Wellbeing, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Amee Baird
- Department of Psychology and Centre for Ageing, Cognition, and Wellbeing, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - William Forde Thompson
- Department of Psychology and Centre for Ageing, Cognition, and Wellbeing, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
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Sandbank M, Bottema-Beutel K, Crowley S, Cassidy M, Dunham K, Feldman JI, Crank J, Albarran SA, Raj S, Mahbub P, Woynaroski TG. Project AIM: Autism intervention meta-analysis for studies of young children. Psychol Bull 2020; 146:1-29. [PMID: 31763860 PMCID: PMC8783568 DOI: 10.1037/bul0000215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In this comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of group design studies of nonpharmacological early interventions designed for young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), we report summary effects across 7 early intervention types (behavioral, developmental, naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention [NDBI], TEACCH, sensory-based, animal-assisted, and technology-based), and 15 outcome categories indexing core and related ASD symptoms. A total of 1,615 effect sizes were gathered from 130 independent participant samples. A total of 6,240 participants, who ranged in age from 0-8 years, are represented across the studies. We synthesized effects within intervention and outcome type using a robust variance estimation approach to account for the nesting of effect sizes within studies. We also tracked study quality indicators, and report an additional set of summary effect sizes that restrict included studies to those meeting prespecified quality indicators. Finally, we conducted moderator analyses to evaluate whether summary effects across intervention types were larger for proximal as compared with distal effects, and for context-bound as compared to generalized effects. We found that when study quality indicators were not taken into account, significant positive effects were found for behavioral, developmental, and NDBI intervention types. When effect size estimation was limited to studies with randomized controlled trial (RCT) designs, evidence of positive summary effects existed only for developmental and NDBI intervention types. This was also the case when outcomes measured by parent report were excluded. Finally, when effect estimation was limited to RCT designs and to outcomes for which there was no risk of detection bias, no intervention types showed significant effects on any outcome. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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