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Riondel P, Jurčić N, Mounien L, Ibrahim S, Ramirez-Franco J, Stefanovic S, Trouslard J, Wanaverbecq N, Seddik R. Evidence for Two Subpopulations of Cerebrospinal Fluid-Contacting Neurons with Opposite GABAergic Signaling in Adult Mouse Spinal Cord. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e2289222024. [PMID: 38684364 PMCID: PMC11140688 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2289-22.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons (CSF-cNs) form an evolutionary conserved bipolar cell population localized around the central canal of all vertebrates. CSF-cNs were shown to express molecular markers of neuronal immaturity into adulthood; however, the impact of their incomplete maturation on the chloride (Cl-) homeostasis as well as GABAergic signaling remains unknown. Using adult mice from both sexes, in situ hybridization revealed that a proportion of spinal CSF-cNs (18.3%) express the Na+-K+-Cl- cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) allowing intracellular Cl- accumulation. However, we did not find expression of the K+-Cl- cotransporter 2 (KCC2) responsible for Cl- efflux in any CSF-cNs. The lack of KCC2 expression results in low Cl- extrusion capacity in CSF-cNs under high Cl- load in whole-cell patch clamp. Using cell-attached patch clamp allowing recordings with intact intracellular Cl- concentration, we found that the activation of ionotropic GABAA receptors (GABAA-Rs) induced both depolarizing and hyperpolarizing responses in CSF-cNs. Moreover, depolarizing GABA responses can drive action potentials as well as intracellular calcium elevations by activating voltage-gated calcium channels. Blocking NKCC1 with bumetanide inhibited the GABA-induced calcium transients in CSF-cNs. Finally, we show that metabotropic GABAB receptors have no hyperpolarizing action on spinal CSF-cNs as their activation with baclofen did not mediate outward K+ currents, presumably due to the lack of expression of G-protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels. Together, these findings outline subpopulations of spinal CSF-cNs expressing inhibitory or excitatory GABAA-R signaling. Excitatory GABA may promote the maturation and integration of young CSF-cNs into the existing spinal circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscille Riondel
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université (AMU) & CNRS, UMR7289, Marseille 13005, France
| | - Nina Jurčić
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université (AMU) & CNRS, UMR7289, Marseille 13005, France
| | - Lourdes Mounien
- C2VN, Aix-Marseille Université, INRAE, INSERM, Marseille 13005, France
- PhenoMARS, Aix-Marseille Technology Platform, Marseille 13005, France
| | - Stéphanie Ibrahim
- C2VN, Aix-Marseille Université, INRAE, INSERM, Marseille 13005, France
| | - Jorge Ramirez-Franco
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université (AMU) & CNRS, UMR7289, Marseille 13005, France
| | - Sonia Stefanovic
- C2VN, Aix-Marseille Université, INRAE, INSERM, Marseille 13005, France
| | - Jérôme Trouslard
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université (AMU) & CNRS, UMR7289, Marseille 13005, France
| | - Nicolas Wanaverbecq
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université (AMU) & CNRS, UMR7289, Marseille 13005, France
| | - Riad Seddik
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université (AMU) & CNRS, UMR7289, Marseille 13005, France
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Li L, Su Y, Wang S, Wang C, Ruan N, Hu Z, Cheng X, Chen J, Yuan K, Li P, Fan P. Neonatal di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate exposure induces permanent alterations in secretory CRH neuron characteristics in the hypothalamus paraventricular region of adult male rats. Exp Neurol 2024; 372:114616. [PMID: 38007208 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) play a critical role in the modulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Early-life exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) has been associated with an increased risk of developing psychiatric disorders in adulthood. The present work was designed to explore the impact of neonatal exposure to DEHP on adult PVN CRH neuronal activity. DEHP or vehicle was given to male rat pups from PND16 to PND22. Then, anxiety-like behaviors, serum corticosterone and testosterone, immunohistochemistry, western blotting, fluorescence in situ hybridization and acute ex vivo slice electrophysiological recordings were used to evaluate the influence of DEHP on adult PVN secretory CRH neurons. Neonatal DEHP-exposed rats exhibited enhanced anxiety-like behaviors in adults, with an increase in CORT. Secretory CRH neurons showed higher spontaneous firing activity but could be inhibited by GABAAR blockers. CRH neurons displayed fewer firing spikes, prolonged first-spike latency, depolarizing shifts in GABA reversal potential and strengthened GABAergic inputs, as indicated by increases in the frequency and amplitude of sIPSCs. Enhancement of GABAergic transmission was accompanied by upregulated expression of GAD67 and downregulated expression of GABABR1, KCC2 and GAT1. These findings suggest that neonatal exposure to DEHP permanently altered the characteristics of secretory CRH neurons in the PVN, which may contribute to the development of psychiatric disorders later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Ying Su
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Brain Injury Center, Department of Neurosurgery, RenJi Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Chengyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Naqi Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Zhiyan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Kaiming Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
| | - Peijun Li
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Geriatric Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
| | - Pei Fan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
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3
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Iqbal J, Mansour MNM, Saboor HA, Suyambu J, Lak MA, Zeeshan MH, Hafeez MH, Arain M, Mehmood M, Mehmood D, Ashraf M. Role of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in addiction disorders. Surg Neurol Int 2023; 14:434. [PMID: 38213452 PMCID: PMC10783698 DOI: 10.25259/sni_662_2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Addiction disorders pose significant challenges to public health, necessitating innovative treatments. This assesses deep brain stimulation (DBS) as a potential intervention for addiction disorders. Methods A literature review was carried out with a focus on the role of DBS in addiction disorders and its future implications in neurosurgical research. Results The online literature shows that DBS precisely modulates certain brain regions to restore addiction-related neural circuits and promote behavioral control. Conclusion Preclinical evidence demonstrates DBS's potential to rebalance neural circuits associated with addiction, and early clinical trials provide encouraging outcomes in enhancing addiction-related outcomes. Ethical considerations, long-term safety, and personalized patient selection require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javed Iqbal
- School of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Jenisha Suyambu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jonelta Foundation School of Medicine, University of Perpetual Help System Dalta, Las Pinas City, Philippines
| | - Muhammad Ali Lak
- School of Medicine, Combined Military Hospitals (CMH) Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Mustafa Arain
- School of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Maria Mehmood
- School of Medicine, Shalamar Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Dalia Mehmood
- School of Medicine, Fatima Jinnah Medical University, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Ashraf
- Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
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Rodriguez MT, McLaurin KA, Shtutman M, Kubinak JL, Mactutus CF, Booze RM. Therapeutically targeting the consequences of HIV-1-associated gastrointestinal dysbiosis: Implications for neurocognitive and affective alterations. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2023; 229:173592. [PMID: 37390973 PMCID: PMC10494709 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2023.173592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 50 % of the individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are plagued by debilitating neurocognitive impairments (NCI) and/or affective alterations. Sizeable alterations in the composition of the gut microbiome, or gastrointestinal dysbiosis, may underlie, at least in part, the NCI, apathy, and/or depression observed in this population. Herein, two interrelated aims will be critically addressed, including: 1) the evidence for, and functional implications of, gastrointestinal microbiome dysbiosis in HIV-1 seropositive individuals; and 2) the potential for therapeutically targeting the consequences of this dysbiosis for the treatment of HIV-1-associated NCI and affective alterations. First, gastrointestinal microbiome dysbiosis in HIV-1 seropositive individuals is characterized by decreased alpha (α) diversity, a decreased relative abundance of bacterial species belonging to the Bacteroidetes phylum, and geographic-specific alterations in Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) spp. Fundamentally, changes in the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Bacillota spp. may underlie, at least in part, the deficits in γ-aminobutyric acid and serotonin neurotransmission, as well as prominent synaptodendritic dysfunction, observed in this population. Second, there is compelling evidence for the therapeutic utility of targeting synaptodendritic dysfunction as a method to enhance neurocognitive function and improve motivational dysregulation in HIV-1. Further research is needed to determine whether the therapeutics enhancing synaptic efficacy exert their effects by altering the gut microbiome. Taken together, understanding gastrointestinal microbiome dysbiosis resulting from chronic HIV-1 viral protein exposure may afford insight into the mechanisms underlying HIV-1-associated neurocognitive and/or affective alterations; mechanisms which can be subsequently targeted via novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mason T Rodriguez
- Cognitive and Neural Science Program, Department of Psychology, Barnwell College, 1512 Pendleton Street, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States of America
| | - Kristen A McLaurin
- Cognitive and Neural Science Program, Department of Psychology, Barnwell College, 1512 Pendleton Street, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States of America
| | - Michael Shtutman
- Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, 715 Sumter Street, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States of America
| | - Jason L Kubinak
- Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine Columbia, 6311 Garners Ferry Road, Building 2, Columbia, SC 29209, United States of America
| | - Charles F Mactutus
- Cognitive and Neural Science Program, Department of Psychology, Barnwell College, 1512 Pendleton Street, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States of America
| | - Rosemarie M Booze
- Cognitive and Neural Science Program, Department of Psychology, Barnwell College, 1512 Pendleton Street, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States of America.
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Bagheri J, Fallahnezhad S, Alipour N, Babaloo H, Tahmasebi F, Kheradmand H, Sazegar G, Haghir H. Maternal diabetes decreases the expression of GABA Aα1, GABA B1, and mGlu2 receptors in the visual cortex of male rat neonates. Neurosci Lett 2023; 809:137309. [PMID: 37230455 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study examines the impact of maternal diabetes on the expression of GABAB1, GABAAα1, and mGlu2 receptors in the primary visual cortex layers of male rat newborns. MAIN METHODS In diabetic group (Dia), diabetes was induced in adult female rats using an intraperitoneal dose of Streptozotocin (STZ) 65 (mg/kg). Diabetes was managed by daily subcutaneous injection of NPH insulin in insulin-treated diabetic group (Ins). Control group (Con) received normal saline intraperitoneally rather than STZ. Male offspring born to each group of female rats were euthanized via CO2 inhalation at P0, P7, and P14 days after delivery and the expression of GABAB1, GABAAα1, and mGlu2 receptors in their primary visual cortex was determined using immunohistochemistry (IHC). KEY FINDINGS The expression of GABAB1, GABAAα1, and mGlu2 receptors increased gradually with age in the male offspring born to Con group while the highest expression was detected in layer IV of the primary visual cortex. In Dia group newborns, the expression of these receptors was significantly reduced in all layers of the primary visual cortex at every three days. Insulin treatment in diabetic mothers restored the expression of these receptors to normal levels in their newborns. SIGNIFICANCE The study indicates that diabetes reduces the expression of GABAB1, GABAAα1, and mGlu2 receptors in the primary visual cortex of male offspring born to diabetic rats at P0, P7, and P14. However, insulin treatment can counteract these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Bagheri
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Somaye Fallahnezhad
- Nervous System Stem Cell Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran; Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Nasim Alipour
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Hamideh Babaloo
- Regenerative Medicine, Organ Procurement and Transplantation Multidisciplinary Center, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Tahmasebi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Hamed Kheradmand
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Sazegar
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Hossein Haghir
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Medical Genetic Research Center (MGRC), School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Neuhofer D, Kalivas P. Differential Modulation of GABAergic and Glutamatergic Neurons in the Ventral Pallidum by GABA and Neuropeptides. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0404-22.2023. [PMID: 37414552 PMCID: PMC10348443 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0404-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ventral pallidum (VP) is an integral locus in the reward circuitry and a major target of GABAergic innervation of both D1-medium spiny neurons (MSNs) and D2-MSNs from the nucleus accumbens. The VP contains populations of GABAergic [VPGABA, GAD2(+), or VGluT(-)] and glutamatergic [VPGlutamate, GAD2(-), or VGluT(+)] cells that facilitate positive reinforcement and behavioral avoidance, respectively. MSN efferents to the VP exert opponent control over behavioral reinforcement with activation of D1-MSN afferents promoting and D2-MSN afferents inhibiting reward seeking. How this afferent-specific and cell type-specific control of reward seeking is integrated remains largely unknown. In addition to GABA, D1-MSNs corelease substance P to stimulate neurokinin 1 receptors (NK1Rs) and D2-MSNs corelease enkephalin to activate μ-opioid receptors (MORs) and δ-opioid receptors. These neuropeptides act in the VP to alter appetitive behavior and reward seeking. Using a combination of optogenetics and patch-clamp electrophysiology in mice, we found that GAD2(-) cells receive weaker GABA input from D1-MSN, but GAD2(+) cells receive comparable GABAergic input from both afferent types. Pharmacological activation of MORs induced an equally strong presynaptic inhibition of GABA and glutamate transmission on both cell types. Interestingly, MOR activation hyperpolarized VPGABA but not VGluT(+). NK1R activation inhibited glutamatergic transmission only on VGluT(+) cells. Our results indicate that the afferent-specific release of GABA and neuropeptides from D1-MSNs and D2-MSNs can differentially influence VP neuronal subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Neuhofer
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Peter Kalivas
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
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Ables JL, Park K, Ibañez-Tallon I. Understanding the habenula: A major node in circuits regulating emotion and motivation. Pharmacol Res 2023; 190:106734. [PMID: 36933754 PMCID: PMC11081310 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, the understanding of the habenula has rapidly advanced from being an understudied brain area with the Latin name 'habena" meaning "little rein", to being considered a "major rein" in the control of key monoaminergic brain centers. This ancient brain structure is a strategic node in the information flow from fronto-limbic brain areas to brainstem nuclei. As such, it plays a crucial role in regulating emotional, motivational, and cognitive behaviors and has been implicated in several neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression and addiction. This review will summarize recent findings on the medial (MHb) and lateral (LHb) habenula, their topographical projections, cell types, and functions. Additionally, we will discuss contemporary efforts that have uncovered novel molecular pathways and synaptic mechanisms with a focus on MHb-Interpeduncular nucleus (IPN) synapses. Finally, we will explore the potential interplay between the habenula's cholinergic and non-cholinergic components in coordinating related emotional and motivational behaviors, raising the possibility that these two pathways work together to provide balanced roles in reward prediction and aversion, rather than functioning independently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Ables
- Psychiatry Department, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kwanghoon Park
- The Laboratory of Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Inés Ibañez-Tallon
- The Laboratory of Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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8
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Hernandez S, Serrano AG, Solis Soto LM. The Role of Nerve Fibers in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment of Solid Tumors. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2022; 6:e2200046. [PMID: 35751462 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The importance of neurons and nerve fibers in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of solid tumors is now acknowledged after being unexplored for a long time; this is possible due to the development of new technologies that allow in situ characterization of the TME. Recent studies have shown that the density and types of nerves that innervate tumors can predict a patient's clinical outcome and drive several processes of tumor biology. Nowadays, several efforts in cancer research and neuroscience are taking place to elucidate the mechanisms that drive tumor-associated innervation and nerve-tumor and nerve-immune interaction. Assessment of neurons and nerves within the context of the TME can be performed in situ, in tumor tissue, using several pathology-based strategies that utilize histochemical and immunohistochemistry principles, hi-plex technologies, and computational pathology approaches to identify measurable histopathological characteristics of nerves. These features include the number and type of tumor associated nerves, topographical location and microenvironment of neural invasion of malignant cells, and investigation of neuro-related biomarker expression in nerves, tumor cells, and cells of the TME. A deeper understanding of these complex interactions and the impact of nerves in tumor biology will guide the design of better strategies for targeted therapy in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharia Hernandez
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 2130 West Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Alejandra G Serrano
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 2130 West Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Luisa M Solis Soto
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 2130 West Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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9
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Gargiulo AT, Badve PS, Curtis GR, Pirino BE, Barson JR. Inactivation of the thalamic paraventricular nucleus promotes place preference and sucrose seeking in male rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:2659-2671. [PMID: 35524009 PMCID: PMC9296579 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-022-06160-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The experience of reward entails both positive affect and motivation. While the brain regions responsible for these distinct aspects of reward are dissociable from each other, the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) may play a role in both. OBJECTIVES To investigate the role of the PVT in both affect and motivation, and to identify neuropeptides that might mediate these effects. METHODS Male rats were tested for conditioned place preference following temporary inactivation of the anterior or posterior PVT with local injections of the GABAB and GABAA agonists, baclofen + muscimol. They were tested for sucrose seeking under a fixed ratio 3 (FR3) schedule of reinforcement and after extinction, following injection into the posterior PVT of baclofen + muscimol or saline vehicle. Finally, quantitative real-time PCR was used to examine local neuropeptide gene expression following injection into the posterior PVT of baclofen + muscimol or saline vehicle. RESULTS Conditioned place preference was induced by temporary inactivation of the posterior but not anterior PVT. While sucrose seeking under an FR3 schedule of reinforcement was unaffected by inactivation of the posterior PVT, reinstatement of sucrose seeking was promoted by posterior PVT inactivation. Local gene expression of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), but not enkephalin or neurotensin, was reduced following inactivation of the posterior PVT. CONCLUSIONS Temporary inactivation of the posterior PVT affects both affect and motivation as well as local gene expression of PACAP. These results suggest that the posterior PVT is one brain region that may participate in both major aspects of reward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T. Gargiulo
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, 2900 Queen Lane, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA
| | - Preeti S. Badve
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, 2900 Queen Lane, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA
| | - Genevieve R. Curtis
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, 2900 Queen Lane, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA
| | - Breanne E. Pirino
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, 2900 Queen Lane, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA
| | - Jessica R. Barson
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, 2900 Queen Lane, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA
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10
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Joshi A, Schott M, la Fleur SE, Barrot M. Role of the striatal dopamine, GABA and opioid systems in mediating feeding and fat intake. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 139:104726. [PMID: 35691472 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Food intake, which is a highly reinforcing behavior, provides nutrients required for survival in all animals. However, when fat and sugar consumption goes beyond the daily needs, it can favor obesity. The prevalence and severity of this health problem has been increasing with time. Besides covering nutrient and energy needs, food and in particular its highly palatable components, such as fats, also induce feelings of joy and pleasure. Experimental evidence supports a role of the striatal complex and of the mesolimbic dopamine system in both feeding and food-related reward processing, with the nucleus accumbens as a key target for reward or reinforcing-associated signaling during food intake behavior. In this review, we provide insights concerning the impact of feeding, including fat intake, on different types of receptors and neurotransmitters present in the striatal complex. Reciprocally, we also cover the evidence for a modulation of palatable food intake by different neurochemical systems in the striatal complex and in particular the nucleus accumbens, with a focus on dopamine, GABA and the opioid system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Joshi
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France; Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Metabolism and Reward Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marion Schott
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France
| | - Susanne Eva la Fleur
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Metabolism and Reward Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Michel Barrot
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France.
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Hypothalamic melanin-concentrating hormone regulates hippocampus-dorsolateral septum activity. Nat Neurosci 2022; 25:61-71. [PMID: 34980924 PMCID: PMC8741735 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-021-00984-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hypothalamic melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) polypeptide contributes to regulating energy homeostasis, sleep, and memory, though the mechanistic bases of its effects are unknown. Here, in mice, we uncover the physiological mechanism underlying the functional role of MCH signaling in projections to the dorsolateral septum (dLS), a region involved in routing hippocampal firing rhythms and encoding spatial memory based on such rhythms. Firing activity within the dLS in response to dorsal CA3 (dCA3) excitation is limited by strong feed-forward inhibition (FFI). We find that MCH synchronizes dLS neuronal firing with its dCA3 inputs by enhancing GABA release, which subsequently reduces the FFI and augments dCA3 excitatory input strength, both via presynaptic mechanisms. At the functional level, our data reveal a role for MCH signaling in the dLS in facilitating spatial memory. These findings support a model in which peptidergic signaling within the dLS modulates dorsal hippocampal output and supports memory encoding.
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12
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Luquin E, Paternain B, Zugasti I, Santomá C, Mengual E. Stereological estimations and neurochemical characterization of neurons expressing GABAA and GABAB receptors in the rat pedunculopontine and laterodorsal tegmental nuclei. Brain Struct Funct 2022; 227:89-110. [PMID: 34510281 PMCID: PMC8741722 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-021-02375-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To better understand GABAergic transmission at two targets of basal ganglia downstream projections, the pedunculopontine (PPN) and laterodorsal (LDT) tegmental nuclei, the anatomical localization of GABAA and GABAB receptors was investigated in both nuclei. Specifically, the total number of neurons expressing the GABAA receptor γ2 subunit (GABAAR γ2) and the GABAB receptor R2 subunit (GABAB R2) in PPN and LDT was estimated using stereological methods, and the neurochemical phenotype of cells expressing each subunit was also determined. The mean number of non-cholinergic cells expressing GABAAR γ2 was 9850 ± 1856 in the PPN and 8285 ± 962 in the LDT, whereas those expressing GABAB R2 were 7310 ± 1970 and 9170 ± 1900 in the PPN and LDT, respectively. In addition, all cholinergic neurons in both nuclei co-expressed GABAAR γ2 and 95-98% of them co-expressed GABAB R2. Triple labeling using in situ hybridization revealed that 77% of GAD67 mRNA-positive cells in the PPT and 49% in the LDT expressed GABAAR γ2, while 90% (PPN) and 65% (LDT) of Vglut2 mRNA-positive cells also expressed GABAAR γ2. In contrast, a similar proportion (~2/3) of glutamatergic and GABAergic cells co-expressed GABAB R2 in both nuclei. The heterogeneous distribution of GABAAR and GABABR among non-cholinergic cells in PPN and LDT may give rise to physiological differences within each neurochemical subpopulation. In addition, the dissimilar proportion of GABAAR γ2-expressing glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons in the PPN and LDT may contribute to some of the functional differences found between the two nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Luquin
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Ed. Los Castaños, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Paternain
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Ed. Los Castaños, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Inés Zugasti
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Ed. Los Castaños, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Santomá
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Ed. Los Castaños, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elisa Mengual
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Ed. Los Castaños, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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13
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Wang H, Haas JS. GABA BR Modulation of Electrical Synapses and Plasticity in the Thalamic Reticular Nucleus. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212138. [PMID: 34830020 PMCID: PMC8621091 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two distinct types of neuronal activity result in long-term depression (LTD) of electrical synapses, with overlapping biochemical intracellular signaling pathways that link activity to synaptic strength, in electrically coupled neurons of the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN). Because components of both signaling pathways can also be modulated by GABAB receptor activity, here we examined the impact of GABAB receptor activation on the two established inductors of LTD in electrical synapses. Recording from patched pairs of coupled rat neurons in vitro, we show that GABAB receptor inactivation itself induces a modest depression of electrical synapses and occludes LTD induction by either paired bursting or metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) activation. GABAB activation also occludes LTD from either paired bursting or mGluR activation. Together, these results indicate that afferent sources of GABA, such as those from the forebrain or substantia nigra to the reticular nucleus, gate the induction of LTD from either neuronal activity or afferent glutamatergic receptor activation. These results add to a growing body of evidence that the regulation of thalamocortical transmission and sensory attention by TRN is modulated and controlled by other brain regions. Significance: We show that electrical synapse plasticity is gated by GABAB receptors in the thalamic reticular nucleus. This effect is a novel way for afferent GABAergic input from the basal ganglia to modulate thalamocortical relay and is a possible mediator of intra-TRN inhibitory effects.
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14
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Mohebbati R, Abbassian H, Shafei MN, Gorji A, Negah SS. The alteration of neuronal activities of the cuneiform nucleus in non-hypovolemic and hypovolemic hypotensive conditions. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2021; 79:871-878. [PMID: 34706016 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2020-0549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cuneiform nucleus is located in the center of the circuit that mediates autonomic responses to stress. Hemorrhagic hypotension leads to chemoreceptor anoxia, which consequently results in the reduction of baroreceptor discharge and stimulation of the chemoreceptor. OBJECTIVE Using the single-unit recording technique, the neuronal activities of the cuneiform nucleus were investigated in hypotensive states induced by hemorrhage and administration of an anti-hypertensive drug (hydralazine). METHODS Thirty male rats were divided into the control, hemorrhage, and hydralazine groups. The femoral artery was cannulated for the recording of cardiovascular responses, including systolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, and heart rate. Hydralazine was administered via tail vein. The single-unit recording was performed from the cuneiform nucleus. RESULTS The maximal systolic blood pressure and the mean arterial pressure significantly decreased and heart rate significantly increased after the application of hydralazine as well as the following hemorrhage compared to the control group. Hypotension significantly increased the firing rate of the cuneiform nucleus in both the hemorrhage and hydralazine groups compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS The present data indicate that the cuneiform nucleus activities following hypotension may play a crucial role in blood vessels and vasomotor tone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Mohebbati
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hassan Abbassian
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Sleep Clinic, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Naser Shafei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Gorji
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran.,Epilepsy Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sajad Sahab Negah
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Khan F, Mehan A. Addressing opioid tolerance and opioid-induced hypersensitivity: Recent developments and future therapeutic strategies. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2021; 9:e00789. [PMID: 34096178 PMCID: PMC8181203 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Opioids are a commonly prescribed and efficacious medication for the treatment of chronic pain but major side effects such as addiction, respiratory depression, analgesic tolerance, and paradoxical pain hypersensitivity make them inadequate and unsafe for patients requiring long-term pain management. This review summarizes recent advances in our understanding of the outcomes of chronic opioid administration to lay the foundation for the development of novel pharmacological strategies that attenuate opioid tolerance and hypersensitivity; the two main physiological mechanisms underlying the inadequacies of current therapeutic strategies. We also explore mechanistic similarities between the development of neuropathic pain states, opioid tolerance, and hypersensitivity which may explain opioids' lack of efficacy in certain patients. The findings challenge the current direction of analgesic research in developing non-opioid alternatives and we suggest that improving opioids, rather than replacing them, will be a fruitful avenue for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faris Khan
- School of Clinical MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Aman Mehan
- School of Clinical MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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16
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Bhandari P, Vandael D, Fernández-Fernández D, Fritzius T, Kleindienst D, Önal C, Montanaro J, Gassmann M, Jonas P, Kulik A, Bettler B, Shigemoto R, Koppensteiner P. GABA B receptor auxiliary subunits modulate Cav2.3-mediated release from medial habenula terminals. eLife 2021; 10:68274. [PMID: 33913808 PMCID: PMC8121548 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The synaptic connection from medial habenula (MHb) to interpeduncular nucleus (IPN) is critical for emotion-related behaviors and uniquely expresses R-type Ca2+ channels (Cav2.3) and auxiliary GABAB receptor (GBR) subunits, the K+-channel tetramerization domain-containing proteins (KCTDs). Activation of GBRs facilitates or inhibits transmitter release from MHb terminals depending on the IPN subnucleus, but the role of KCTDs is unknown. We therefore examined the localization and function of Cav2.3, GBRs, and KCTDs in this pathway in mice. We show in heterologous cells that KCTD8 and KCTD12b directly bind to Cav2.3 and that KCTD8 potentiates Cav2.3 currents in the absence of GBRs. In the rostral IPN, KCTD8, KCTD12b, and Cav2.3 co-localize at the presynaptic active zone. Genetic deletion indicated a bidirectional modulation of Cav2.3-mediated release by these KCTDs with a compensatory increase of KCTD8 in the active zone in KCTD12b-deficient mice. The interaction of Cav2.3 with KCTDs therefore scales synaptic strength independent of GBR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Bhandari
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - David Vandael
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | | | | | - David Kleindienst
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Cihan Önal
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Jacqueline Montanaro
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Martin Gassmann
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Jonas
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Akos Kulik
- Institute of Physiology II, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Bettler
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ryuichi Shigemoto
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Peter Koppensteiner
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Klosterneuburg, Austria
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17
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Integrative opioid-GABAergic neuronal mechanisms regulating dopamine efflux in the nucleus accumbens of freely moving animals. Pharmacol Rep 2021; 73:971-983. [PMID: 33743175 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-021-00249-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a terminal region of mesocorticolimbic dopamine (DA) neuronal projections from the ventral tegmental area. Accumbal DA release is integrated by afferents from other brain regions and by interneurons, which involve a diversity of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides. These integrative processes, implicated in the pathobiology of neuropsychiatric disorders, are mediated via receptor subtypes whose relative roles in the regulation of accumbal DA release are poorly understood. Such complex interactions are exemplified by how selective activation of opioid receptor subtypes enhances accumbal DA efflux in a manner that is modulated by changes in neural activity through GABA receptor subtypes. This review delineates the roles of GABAA and GABAB receptors in GABAergic neural mechanisms in NAc that participate in delta- and mu-opioid receptor-mediated increases in accumbal DA efflux in freely moving rats, focusing on studies using in vivo brain microdialysis. First, we consider how endogenous GABA exerts inhibition of accumbal DA efflux through GABA receptor subtypes. We also consider possible intra-neuronal source of the endogenous GABA that inhibits accumbal DA efflux. As NAc contains GABAergic neurons that express delta- or mu-opioid receptors, inhibition of accumbal GABAergic neurons is a candidate for mediating delta- or mu-opioid receptor-mediated increases in accumbal DA efflux. Therefore, we provide a detailed analysis of the effects of GABA receptor subtype ligands on delta- and mu-opioid receptor-mediated accumbal DA efflux. Finally, we present an integrative model to explain the mechanisms of interaction among delta- and mu-opioid receptors, GABAergic neurons and DAergic neurons in NAc.
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18
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Projections from the nucleus accumbens shell to the ventral pallidum are involved in the control of sucrose intake in adult female rats. Brain Struct Funct 2020; 225:2815-2839. [PMID: 33124673 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-020-02161-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In rodents, stimulation of the nucleus accumbens shell (AcbSh) directly or via its projection to the lateral hypothalamus (LH) attenuates food intake. The ventral pallidum (VP) receives dense projections from the AcbSh and is sensitive to the hedonic aspect of food and motivation for reward. However, the role of accumbal projections to the VP in the regulation of food intake was not well investigated. In the present study conducted on female rats, we examined the effects of stimulation of the AcbSh using optogenetics, or pharmacological inhibition of the rostral VP, or stimulation of projections from the AcbSh to the rostral VP using optogenetics on the consumption of 10% sucrose, lick microstructure and the expression of c-fos mRNA. Stimulation of the AcbSh, inhibition of the rostral VP with muscimol, or stimulation of axonal terminals from the AcbSh to the rostral VP resulted in a decrease in sucrose intake, meal duration, and total number of licks. The licking microstructure analysis showed that optogenetic stimulation of AcbSh or axonal terminals from the AcbSh to the rostral VP decreased the hedonic value of the sucrose. However, inhibition of the rostral VP decreased the motivation, whereas stimulation of the accumbal projections in the rostral VP increased the motivation to drink. This difference could be due to differential involvement of GABAergic and glutamatergic VP neurons. Stimulation of the AcbSh resulted in a decrease of c-fos mRNA expression in the LH and rostral VP, and stimulation of axonal terminals from the AcbSh to the rostral VP decreased c-fos mRNA expression only in the rostral VP. This study demonstrates that in adult female rats, in addition to the already known role of the AcbSh projections to the LH, AcbSh projections to the VP play a major role in the regulation of sucrose intake.
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19
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Varga AG, Maletz SN, Bateman JT, Reid BT, Levitt ES. Neurochemistry of the Kölliker-Fuse nucleus from a respiratory perspective. J Neurochem 2020; 156:16-37. [PMID: 32396650 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Kölliker-Fuse nucleus (KF) is a functionally distinct component of the parabrachial complex, located in the dorsolateral pons of mammals. The KF has a major role in respiration and upper airway control. A comprehensive understanding of the KF and its contributions to respiratory function and dysfunction requires an appreciation for its neurochemical characteristics. The goal of this review is to summarize the diverse neurochemical composition of the KF, focusing on the neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, and neuropeptides present. We also include a description of the receptors expressed on KF neurons and transporters involved in each system, as well as their putative roles in respiratory physiology. Finally, we provide a short section reviewing the literature regarding neurochemical changes in the KF in the context of respiratory dysfunction observed in SIDS and Rett syndrome. By over-viewing the current literature on the neurochemical composition of the KF, this review will serve to aid a wide range of topics in the future research into the neural control of respiration in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienn G Varga
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Physical Therapy, Center for Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sebastian N Maletz
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jordan T Bateman
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Physical Therapy, Center for Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Brandon T Reid
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Erica S Levitt
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Physical Therapy, Center for Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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20
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Williams AR, Lattal KM. Involvement of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in initial conditioning and rapid reconditioning following extinction of contextual fear. Behav Neurosci 2020; 134:177-186. [PMID: 32134301 DOI: 10.1037/bne0000358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although a great deal is known about neurobiological mechanisms of initial conditioning and extinction, relatively little is known about mechanisms involved in the return of behavior following extinction. In this article, we examine the effects of temporarily inactivating the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) on initial conditioning and postextinction reconditioning. We investigate effects in unsignaled contextual fear conditioning, in which animals initially receive strong contextual conditioning, followed by three sessions of nonreinforced context exposure (extinction), and then receive a single context-shock reconditioning trial. In 2 experiments with male Long Evans rats, we evaluated the effects of delivery of a muscimol/baclofen cocktail to the BNST prior to initial conditioning or reconditioning. In Experiment 1, we found that a single context-shock pairing results in more freezing following extinction than when it is the initial conditioning trial. This rapid reconditioning effect was impaired by BNST inactivation. In Experiment 2, we found that BNST inactivation also causes a deficit in freezing after strong initial conditioning. These findings suggest that the BNST is involved in both initial conditioning and postextinction reconditioning. We discuss implications of these findings for current thinking about BNST function in learning and memory processes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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21
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Li X, Slesinger PA. GABA B Receptors and Drug Addiction: Psychostimulants and Other Drugs of Abuse. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2020; 52:119-155. [PMID: 33442842 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2020_187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Metabotropic GABAB receptors (GABABRs) mediate slow inhibition and modulate synaptic plasticity throughout the brain. Dysfunction of GABABRs has been associated with psychiatric illnesses and addiction. Drugs of abuse alter GABAB receptor (GABABR) signaling in multiple brain regions, which partly contributes to the development of drug addiction. Recently, GABABR ligands and positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) have been shown to attenuate the initial rewarding effect of addictive substances, inhibit seeking and taking of these drugs, and in some cases, ameliorate drug withdrawal symptoms. The majority of the anti-addiction effects seen with GABABR modulation can be localized to ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons, which receive complex inhibitory and excitatory inputs that are modified by drugs of abuse. Preclinical research suggests that GABABR PAMs are emerging as promising candidates for the treatment of drug addiction. Clinical studies on drug dependence have shown positive results with GABABR ligands but more are needed, and compounds with better pharmacokinetics and fewer side effects are critically needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Li
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Paul A Slesinger
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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22
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Yonemochi N, Ardianto C, Ueda D, Kamei J, Ikeda H. GABAergic function in the lateral hypothalamus regulates feeding behavior: Possible mediation via orexin. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2019; 39:289-296. [PMID: 31618533 PMCID: PMC7292314 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The lateral hypothalamus (LH) is known as the hunger center, but the mechanisms through which the LH regulates food intake are unclear. Since GABA neurons are reported to project to the LH, the present study investigated the role of GABAergic function in the LH in the regulation of feeding behavior. Methods GABA levels in the LH were measured by in vivo microdialysis. Food intake after drug injection into the LH was measured every 1 hour for 4 hours. The mRNA levels were measured using RT‐PCR. Results Food intake significantly increased GABA levels in the LH, suggesting that food intake stimulates GABAergic function in the LH. Injection of the GABAA receptor agonist muscimol into the LH significantly inhibited food intake, whereas injection of the GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline into the LH did not significantly affect food intake. The inhibitory effect of muscimol injected into the LH was blocked by co‐administration of bicuculline. These results indicate that the stimulation of GABAA receptors in the LH inhibits food intake. We next examined whether the stimulation of GABAA receptors affects hypothalamic neuropeptides that are known to regulate feeding behavior. The injection of muscimol significantly decreased preproorexin mRNA in the hypothalamus. Conclusion These results indicate that food intake activates GABAergic function in the LH, which terminates feeding behavior by stimulating GABAA receptors. Moreover, it is suggested that the stimulation of GABAA receptors in the LH reduces food intake through inhibition of orexin neurons. We investigated whether GABAergic function in the lateral hypothalamus (LH) regulates feeding behavior. We showed that food intake increased GABA levels in the LH in in vivo microdialysis and that the GABAA receptor agonist muscimol injected into the LH decreased food intake. These results suggest that food intake activates GABA neurons projecting to the LH, and it terminates feeding behavior through GABAA receptors.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Yonemochi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chrismawan Ardianto
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiki Ueda
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junzo Kamei
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Biomolecular Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Ikeda
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Liu Y, Yang XJ, Xia H, Tang CM, Yang K. GABA releases from parvalbumin-expressing and unspecific GABAergic neurons onto CA1 pyramidal cells are differentially modulated by presynaptic GABA B receptors in mouse hippocampus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 520:449-452. [PMID: 31607482 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hippocampus CA1 pyramidal cells receive γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release from multiple GABAergic interneurons. Combining optogenetic strategy and whole-cell recordings, we demonstrate that baclofen, a specific GABAB receptor agonist, depresses monosynaptic GABAA receptor-mediated transmission from parvalbumin (PV)-expressing interneuron terminals onto pyramidal cells with less efficacy than that from the unspecific GABAergic terminals. The depression from PV neuron terminals is mainly mediated by presynaptic P/N type calcium channels. The results suggest that GABAB receptors are widely expressed on GABAergic interneurons, where they exert inhibition onto pyramidal cells by GABA release with different efficacy. The data strengthen the proposal that diverse GABA neurons play different roles in modulating CA1 pyramidal cell excitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqian Liu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China; Research Center for Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Xingwu Jordan Yang
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Haiping Xia
- Department of Neurology, Zhenjiang Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cha-Min Tang
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China; Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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Ibrahim C, Rubin-Kahana DS, Pushparaj A, Musiol M, Blumberger DM, Daskalakis ZJ, Zangen A, Le Foll B. The Insula: A Brain Stimulation Target for the Treatment of Addiction. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:720. [PMID: 31312138 PMCID: PMC6614510 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Substance use disorders (SUDs) are a growing public health concern with only a limited number of approved treatments. However, even approved treatments are subject to limited efficacy with high long-term relapse rates. Current treatment approaches are typically a combination of pharmacotherapies and behavioral counselling. Growing evidence and technological advances suggest the potential of brain stimulation techniques for the treatment of SUDs. There are three main brain stimulation techniques that are outlined in this review: transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and deep brain stimulation (DBS). The insula, a region of the cerebral cortex, is known to be involved in critical aspects underlying SUDs, such as interoception, decision making, anxiety, pain perception, cognition, mood, threat recognition, and conscious urges. This review focuses on both the preclinical and clinical evidence demonstrating the role of the insula in addiction, thereby demonstrating its promise as a target for brain stimulation. Future research should evaluate the optimal parameters for brain stimulation of the insula, through the use of relevant biomarkers and clinical outcomes for SUDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Ibrahim
- Translational Addiction Research Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dafna S Rubin-Kahana
- Translational Addiction Research Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Abhiram Pushparaj
- Qunuba Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Ironstone Product Development, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Daniel M Blumberger
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zafiris J Daskalakis
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Abraham Zangen
- Department of Life Sciences and the Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Bernard Le Foll
- Translational Addiction Research Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Addictions Division, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Alcohol Research and Treatment Clinic, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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GABA B receptors in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus mediate β-adrenoceptor-induced elevations of plasma noradrenaline in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 848:88-95. [PMID: 30685430 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the brain, various neurotransmitters such as noradrenaline and GABA regulate peripheral sympathetic functions. Previously, it has been reported that both β-adrenoceptor activation and GABAB receptor activation in the brain are involved in the elevation of plasma noradrenaline levels. However, it is unknown whether these pathways interact with each other. In the present study, we examined the relationship between the central actions of β-adrenoceptor activation and GABAB receptor activation with regard to plasma noradrenaline responses using urethane-anesthetized rats. Intracerebroventricular pretreatment with the GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline did not affect the β-adrenoceptor agonist isoproterenol-induced elevation of plasma noradrenaline levels. In contrast, pretreatment with the GABAB receptor antagonist CGP 35348 suppressed the isoproterenol-induced elevation of noradrenaline levels. Intracerebroventricular pretreatment with the β-adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol did not alter the GABAB receptor agonist baclofen-induced elevation of plasma noradrenaline levels. We next examined the central effects of β-adrenoceptor activation on GABA release in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN), the major integrative center for sympathetic regulation in the brain. Intracerebroventricular administration of isoproterenol increased GABA content in PVN dialysates. In addition, baclofen microinjected unilaterally into the PVN resulted in elevated plasma levels of noradrenaline, but not adrenaline. Finally, unilateral blockade of GABAB receptors in the PVN suppressed the isoproterenol-induced elevation of plasma noradrenaline level. Our results suggest that activation of β-adrenoceptors in the brain, likely in the PVN, induces GABA release in the PVN, which in turn activates GABAB receptors in the PVN, leading to elevated plasma noradrenaline.
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Waldvogel H, Biggins F, Singh A, Arasaratnam C, Faull R. Variable colocalisation of GABAA receptor subunits and glycine receptors on neurons in the human hypoglossal nucleus. J Chem Neuroanat 2019; 97:99-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Negrete-Díaz JV, Shumilov K, Real MÁ, Medina-Luque J, Valderrama-Carvajal A, Flores G, Rodríguez-Moreno A, Rivera A. Pharmacological activation of dopamine D 4 receptor modulates morphine-induced changes in the expression of GAD 65/67 and GABA B receptors in the basal ganglia. Neuropharmacology 2019; 152:22-29. [PMID: 30682345 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine D4 receptor (D4R) stimulation, in a putative D4R/μ opioid heteroreceptor (MOR) complex, counteracts the molecular, cellular and behavioural actions of morphine which are associated with morphine addiction, without any effect on its analgesic properties. In the present work, we have evaluated the role of D4R in modulating the effects of a continuous treatment with morphine on the GABAergic system in the basal ganglia. It has been demonstrated that the co-administration of a D4R agonist together with morphine leads to a restoration of GABA signaling by preventing drug-induced changes in GAD65/67 expression in the caudate putamen, globus palidus and substantia nigra. Results from GABABR1 and GABABR2 expression suggest a role of D4R in modulation of the GABAB heteroreceptor complexes along the basal ganglia, especially in the functional divisions of the caudate putamen. These results provide a new proof of the functional interaction between D4R and MOR and we postulate this putative heteroreceptor complex as a key target for the development of a new strategy to prevent the addictive effects of morphine in the treatment of pain. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Receptor heteromers and their allosteric receptor-receptor interactions'.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Vicente Negrete-Díaz
- Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica, Málaga, Spain; División de Ciencias de la Salud e Ingenierías, Campus Celaya-Salvatierra, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico (permanent address)
| | - Kirill Shumilov
- Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica, Málaga, Spain
| | - M Ángeles Real
- Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica, Málaga, Spain
| | - José Medina-Luque
- Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica, Málaga, Spain; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, German (permanent address)
| | | | - Gonzalo Flores
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | | | - Alicia Rivera
- Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica, Málaga, Spain.
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Jurčić N, Er-Raoui G, Airault C, Trouslard J, Wanaverbecq N, Seddik R. GABA B receptors modulate Ca 2+ but not G protein-gated inwardly rectifying K + channels in cerebrospinal-fluid contacting neurones of mouse brainstem. J Physiol 2018; 597:631-651. [PMID: 30418666 DOI: 10.1113/jp277172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Medullo-spinal CSF contacting neurones (CSF-cNs) located around the central canal are conserved in all vertebrates and suggested to be a novel sensory system intrinsic to the CNS. CSF-cNs receive GABAergic inhibitory synaptic inputs involving ionotropic GABAA receptors, but the contribution of metabotropic GABAB receptors (GABAB -Rs) has not yet been studied. Here, we indicate that CSF-cNs express functional GABAB -Rs that inhibit postsynaptic calcium channels but fail to activate inhibitory potassium channel of the Kir3-type. We further show that GABAB -Rs localise presynaptically on GABAergic and glutamatergic synaptic inputs contacting CSF-cNs, where they inhibit the release of GABA and glutamate. Our data are the first to address the function of GABAB -Rs in CSF-cNs and show that on the presynaptic side they exert a classical synaptic modulation whereas at the postsynaptic level they have an atypical action by modulating calcium signalling without inducing potassium-dependent inhibition. ABSTRACT Medullo-spinal neurones that contact the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF-cNs) are a population of evolutionary conserved cells located around the central canal. CSF-cN activity has been shown to be regulated by inhibitory synaptic inputs involving ionotropic GABAA receptors, but the contribution of the G-protein coupled GABAB receptors has not yet been studied. Here, we used a combination of immunofluorescence, electrophysiology and calcium imaging to investigate the expression and function of GABAB -Rs in CSF-cNs of the mouse brainstem. We found that CSF-cNs express GABAB -Rs, but their selective activation failed to induce G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) currents. Instead, CSF-cNs express primarily N-type voltage-gated calcium (CaV 2.2) channels, and GABAB -Rs recruit Gβγ subunits to inhibit CaV channel activity induced by membrane voltage steps or under physiological conditions by action potentials. Moreover, using electrical stimulation, we indicate that GABAergic inhibitory (IPSCs) and excitatory glutamatergic (EPSCs) synaptic currents can be evoked in CSF-cNs showing that mammalian CSF-cNs are also under excitatory control by glutamatergic synaptic inputs. We further demonstrate that baclofen reversibly reduced the amplitudes of both IPSCs and EPSCs evoked in CSF-cNs through a presynaptic mechanism of regulation. In summary, these results are the first to demonstrate the existence of functional postsynaptic GABAB -Rs in medullar CSF-cNs, as well as presynaptic GABAB auto- and heteroreceptors regulating the release of GABA and glutamate. Remarkably, postsynaptic GABAB -Rs associate with CaV but not GIRK channels, indicating that GABAB -Rs function as a calcium signalling modulator without GIRK-dependent inhibition in CSF-cNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Jurčić
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INT, Inst Neurosci Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Ghizlane Er-Raoui
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INT, Inst Neurosci Timone, Marseille, France.,Université Sultan Moulay Slimane, Laboratoire de Génie Biologique, Béni Mellal, Morocco
| | | | - Jérôme Trouslard
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INT, Inst Neurosci Timone, Marseille, France
| | | | - Riad Seddik
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INT, Inst Neurosci Timone, Marseille, France
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Activation of GABA B Receptor Suppresses Diabetic Neuropathic Pain through Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signaling Pathway in the Spinal Dorsal Horn. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:6016272. [PMID: 30647535 PMCID: PMC6311757 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6016272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) is a prevalent complication in diabetes patients. Neuronal inflammation and activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) are involved in the occurrence of DNP. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Downregulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid B (GABAB) receptor contributes to the DNP. GABAB receptor interacts with NF-κB, a downstream signaling factor of TLR4, in a neuropathic pain induced by chemotherapy. In this study, we determined the role of TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB signaling pathways coupled to GABAB receptors in the generation of DNP. Intrathecal injection of baclofen (GABAB receptor agonist), LPS-RS ultrapure (TLR4 antagonist), MIP (MyD88 antagonist), or SN50 (NF-κB inhibitor) significantly increased paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) and paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL) in DNP rats, while intrathecal injection of saclofen (GABAB receptor blocker) decreased PWT and PWTL in DNP rats. The expression of TLR4, Myd88, NF-κBp65, and their downstream components IL-1 and TNF-α was significantly higher in the spinal cord tissue in DNP rats compared to control rats. Following inhibition of TLR4, Myd88, and NF-κB, the expression of IL-1 and TNF-α decreased. Activation of GABAB receptors downregulated the expression of TLR4, Myd88, NF-κBp65, IL-1, and TNF-α. Blockade of GABAB receptors significantly upregulated expression of TLR4, Myd88, NF-κBp65, IL-1, and TNF-α. These data suggest that activation of the TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB signaling pathway is involved in the occurrence of DNP in rats. Activation of GABAB receptor in the spinal cord may suppress the TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB signaling pathway and alleviate the DNP.
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30
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Watanabe Y, Aono Y, Komiya M, Waddington JL, Saigusa T. Stimulation of accumbal GABA B receptors inhibits delta1- and delta2-opioid receptor-mediated dopamine efflux in the nucleus accumbens of freely moving rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 837:88-95. [PMID: 30086266 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The nucleus accumbens contains delta-opioid receptors that may decrease inhibitory neurotransmission. As GABAB receptors inhibit dopamine release, decrease in activation of GABAB receptors may be a mediator of delta-opioid receptor-induced accumbal dopamine efflux. If so, accumbal dopamine efflux induced by delta-opioid receptor activation should be suppressed by stimulating GABAB receptors. As delta-opioid receptors are further subdivided into delta1- and delta2-opioid receptors, we analysed the effects of the GABAB receptor agonist baclofen on delta1- and delta2-opioid receptor-mediated accumbal dopamine efflux in freely moving rats using in vivo microdialysis. Drugs were applied intracerebrally through the dialysis probe. Doses of compounds show total amount administered (mol) during 25-50 min infusions. Baclofen (2.5 and 5.0 nmol), which did not alter basal dopamine levels, inhibited the delta1-opioid receptor agonist DPDPE (5.0 nmol)-induced dopamine efflux. Baclofen (2.5 and 5.0 nmol) also inhibited the delta2-opioid receptor agonist deltorphin II (25.0 nmol)-induced dopamine efflux. A low dose of the GABAB receptor antagonist 2-hydroxysaclofen (100.0 pmol), which failed to alter basal accumbal dopamine levels, counteracted the inhibitory effects of baclofen (5.0 nmol) on DPDPE (5.0 nmol)- and deltorphin II (25.0 nmol)-induced dopamine efflux. The present results show that reduction in accumbal GABAB receptor-mediated inhibition of accumbal dopaminergic activity facilitates activation of delta1- and delta2-opioid receptor-induced increases in accumbal dopamine efflux. This study suggests that activation of delta1- and delta2-opioid receptors on the cell bodies and/or terminals of accumbal GABAergic interneurons inhibits GABA release and, accordingly, decreases GABAB receptor-mediated inhibition of dopaminergic terminals, resulting in enhanced accumbal dopamine efflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriko Watanabe
- Department of Oral Surgery, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan; Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Oral Surgery, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Yuri Aono
- Department of Pharmacology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Masamichi Komiya
- Department of Oral Surgery, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - John L Waddington
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Tadashi Saigusa
- Department of Pharmacology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan.
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31
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Merighi A. The histology, physiology, neurochemistry and circuitry of the substantia gelatinosa Rolandi (lamina II) in mammalian spinal cord. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 169:91-134. [PMID: 29981393 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The substantia gelatinosa Rolandi (SGR) was first described about two centuries ago. In the following decades an enormous amount of information has permitted us to understand - at least in part - its role in the initial processing of pain and itch. Here, I will first provide a comprehensive picture of the histology, physiology, and neurochemistry of the normal SGR. Then, I will analytically discuss the SGR circuits that have been directly demonstrated or deductively envisaged in the course of the intensive research on this area of the spinal cord, with particular emphasis on the pathways connecting the primary afferent fibers and the intrinsic neurons. The perspective existence of neurochemically-defined sets of primary afferent neurons giving rise to these circuits will be also discussed, with the proposition that a cross-talk between different subsets of peptidergic fibers may be the structural and functional substrate of additional gating mechanisms in SGR. Finally, I highlight the role played by slow acting high molecular weight modulators in these gating mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adalberto Merighi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, I-10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy.
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Kulik Á, Booker SA, Vida I. Differential distribution and function of GABABRs in somato-dendritic and axonal compartments of principal cells and interneurons in cortical circuits. Neuropharmacology 2018; 136:80-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Liu X, Liu S. Cholecystokinin selectively activates short axon cells to enhance inhibition of olfactory bulb output neurons. J Physiol 2018; 596:2185-2207. [PMID: 29572837 DOI: 10.1113/jp275511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Cholecystokinin (CCK) via CCK-B receptors significantly enhances the GABAA receptor-mediated synaptic inhibition of principal olfactory bulb (OB) output neurons. This CCK action requires action potentials in presynaptic neurons. The enhanced inhibition of OB output neurons is a result of CCK-elevated inhibitory input from the glomerular circuit. CCK modulation of the glomerular circuit also leads to potentiated presynaptic inhibition of olfactory nerve terminals and postsynaptic inhibition of glomerular neurons. Selective excitation of short axon cells underlies the CCK-potentiated glomerular inhibition. ABSTRACT Neuropeptides such as cholecystokinin (CCK) are important for many brain functions, including sensory processing. CCK is predominantly present in a subpopulation of excitatory neurons and activation of CCK receptors is implicated in olfactory signal processing in the olfactory bulb (OB). However, the cellular and circuit mechanisms underlying the actions of CCK in the OB remain elusive. In the present study, we characterized the effects of CCK on synaptic inhibition of the principal OB output neurons mitral/tufted cells (MTCs) followed by mechanistic analyses at both circuit and cellular levels. First, we found that CCK via CCK-B receptors enhances the GABAA receptor-mediated spontaneous IPSCs in MTCs. Second, CCK does not affect the action potential independent miniature IPSCs in MTCs. Third, CCK potentiates glomerular inhibition resulting in increased GABAB receptor-mediated presynaptic inhibition of olfactory nerve terminals and enhanced spontaneous IPSCs in MTCs and glomerular neurons. Fourth, CCK enhances miniature IPSCs in the excitatory external tufted cells, although neither in the inhibitory short axon cells (SACs) nor in periglomerular cells (PGCs). Finally, CCK excites all tested SACs and a very small minority of GABAergic neurons in the granule cell layer or in periglomerular cells, but not in deep SACs. These results demonstrate that CCK selectively activates SACs to engage the SAC-formed interglomerular circuit and thus elevates inhibition broadly in the OB glomerular layer. This modulation may prevent the system from saturating in response to a high concentration of odourants or facilitate the detection of weak stimuli by increasing signal-to-noise ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Liu
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaolin Liu
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Salio C, Merighi A, Bardoni R. GABA B receptors-mediated tonic inhibition of glutamate release from Aβ fibers in rat laminae III/IV of the spinal cord dorsal horn. Mol Pain 2018; 13:1744806917710041. [PMID: 28565998 PMCID: PMC5456036 DOI: 10.1177/1744806917710041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Presynaptic GABAB receptors (GABABRs) are highly expressed in dorsal root ganglion neurons and spinal cord dorsal horn. GABABRs located in superficial dorsal horn play an important antinociceptive role, by acting at both pre- and postsynaptic sites. GABABRs expressed in deep dorsal horn could be involved in the processing of touch sensation and possibly in the generation of tactile allodynia in chronic pain. The objective of this study was to characterize the morphological and functional properties of GABABRs expressed on Aβ fibers projecting to lamina III/IV and to understand their role in modulating excitatory synaptic transmission. We performed high-resolution electron microscopic analysis, showing that GABAB2 subunit is expressed on 71.9% of terminals in rat lamina III-IV. These terminals were engaged in axodendritic synapses and, for the 46%, also expressed glutamate immunoreactivity. Monosynaptic excitatory postsynaptic currents, evoked by Aβ fiber stimulation and recorded from lamina III/IV neurons in spinal cord slices, were strongly depressed by application of baclofen (0.1-2.5 µM), acting as a presynaptic modulator. Application of the GABABR antagonist CGP 55845 caused, in a subpopulation of neurons, the potentiation of the first of two excitatory postsynaptic currents recorded with the paired-pulse protocol, showing that GABABRs are endogenously activated. A decrease in the paired-pulse ratio accompanied the effect of CGP 55845, implying the involvement of presynaptic GABABRs. CGP 55845 facilitated only the first excitatory postsynaptic current also during a train of four consecutive stimuli applied to Aβ fibers. These results suggest that GABABRs tonically inhibit glutamate release from Aβ fibers at a subset of synapses in deep dorsal horn. This modulation specifically affects only the early phase of synaptic excitation in lamina III-IV neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Salio
- 1 Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Adalberto Merighi
- 1 Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Rita Bardoni
- 2 Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Colmers PLW, Bains JS. Balancing tonic and phasic inhibition in hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons. J Physiol 2018; 596:1919-1929. [PMID: 29419884 DOI: 10.1113/jp275588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS GABA transporter (GAT) blockade recruits extrasynaptic GABAA receptors (GABAA Rs) and amplifies constitutive presynaptic GABAB R activity. Extrasynaptic GABAA Rs contribute to a tonic current. Corticosteroids increase the tonic current mediated by extrasynaptic GABAA Rs. ABSTRACT Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) are integratory hubs that regulate the endocrine response to stress. GABA inputs provide a basal inhibitory tone that constrains this system and circulating glucocorticoids (CORT) are important feedback controllers of CRH output. Surprisingly little is known about the direct effects of CORT on GABA synapses in PVN. Here we used whole-cell patch clamp recordings from CRH neurons in mouse hypothalamic brain slices to examine the effects of CORT on synaptic and extrasynaptic GABA signalling. We show that GABA transporters (GATs) limit constitutive activation of presynaptic GABAB receptors and ensure high release probability at GABA synapses. GATs in combination with GABAB receptors also curtail extrasynaptic GABAA R signalling. CORT has no effect on synaptic GABA signalling, but increases extrasynaptic GABA tone through upregulation of postsynaptic GABAA receptors. These data show that efficient GABA clearance and autoinhibition control the balance between synaptic (phasic) and extrasynaptic (tonic) inhibition in PVN CRH neurons. This balance is shifted towards increased extrasynaptic inhibition by CORT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip L W Colmers
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and the Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jaideep S Bains
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and the Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
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36
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TERUNUMA M. Diversity of structure and function of GABA B receptors: a complexity of GABA B-mediated signaling. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2018; 94:390-411. [PMID: 30541966 PMCID: PMC6374141 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.94.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
γ-aminobutyric acid type B (GABAB) receptors are broadly expressed in the nervous system and play an important role in neuronal excitability. GABAB receptors are G protein-coupled receptors that mediate slow and prolonged inhibitory action, via activation of Gαi/o-type proteins. GABAB receptors mediate their inhibitory action through activating inwardly rectifying K+ channels, inactivating voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, and inhibiting adenylate cyclase. Functional GABAB receptors are obligate heterodimers formed by the co-assembly of R1 and R2 subunits. It is well established that GABAB receptors interact not only with G proteins and effectors but also with various proteins. This review summarizes the structure, subunit isoforms, and function of GABAB receptors, and discusses the complexity of GABAB receptors, including how receptors are localized in specific subcellular compartments, the mechanism regulating cell surface expression and mobility of the receptors, and the diversity of receptor signaling through receptor crosstalk and interacting proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho TERUNUMA
- Division of Oral Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
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Djenoune L, Wyart C. Light on a sensory interface linking the cerebrospinal fluid to motor circuits in vertebrates. J Neurogenet 2017; 31:113-127. [PMID: 28789587 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2017.1359833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is circulating around the entire central nervous system (CNS). The main function of the CSF has been thought to insure the global homeostasis of the CNS. Recent evidence indicates that the CSF also dynamically conveys signals modulating the development and the activity of the nervous system. The later observation implies that cues from the CSF could act on neurons in the brain and the spinal cord via bordering receptor cells. Candidate neurons to enable such modulation are the cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons (CSF-cNs) that are located precisely at the interface between the CSF and neuronal circuits. The atypical apical extension of CSF-cNs bears a cluster of microvilli bathing in the CSF indicating putative sensory or secretory roles in relation with the CSF. In the brainstem and spinal cord, CSF-cNs have been described in over two hundred species by Kolmer and Agduhr, suggesting an important function within the spinal cord. However, the lack of specific markers and the difficulty to access CSF-cNs hampered their physiological investigation. The transient receptor potential channel PKD2L1 is a specific marker of spinal CSF-cNs in vertebrate species. The transparency of zebrafish at early stages eases the functional characterization of pkd2l1+ CSF-cNs. Recent studies demonstrate that spinal CSF-cNs detect spinal curvature via the channel PKD2L1 and modulate locomotion and posture by projecting onto spinal interneurons and motor neurons in vivo. In vitro recordings demonstrated that spinal CSF-cNs are sensing pH variations mainly through ASIC channels, in combination with PKD2L1. Altogether, neurons contacting the CSF appear as a novel sensory modality enabling the detection of mechanical and chemical stimuli from the CSF and modulating the excitability of spinal circuits underlying locomotion and posture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Djenoune
- a Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM) , Paris , France
| | - Claire Wyart
- a Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM) , Paris , France
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Gao Y, Zhou JJ, Zhu Y, Wang L, Kosten TA, Zhang X, Li DP. Neuroadaptations of presynaptic and postsynaptic GABA B receptor function in the paraventricular nucleus in response to chronic unpredictable stress. Br J Pharmacol 2017. [PMID: 28635080 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chronic stress impairs GABAA (GABA type A) receptor-mediated inhibition in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN). It is not clear whether GABAB receptor function is also altered. We hypothesize that chronic stress alters GABAB receptor function in PVN corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons to control hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis activity. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Whole-cell patch clamp recordings were made of PVN-CRH neurons expressing eGFP driven by CRH promoter in brain slices from unstressed rats and rats exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). KEY RESULTS CUMS elevated the basal circulating corticosterone levels and increased the basal firing activity of PVN-CRH neurons. Microinjection of GABAB receptor agonist baclofen into the PVN suppressed the increased corticosterone levels in CUMS rats compared with unstressed rats. CUMS blunted the baclofen-induced inhibition on PVN-CRH neurons and outward currents in these neurons. Furthermore, CUMS reduced expression of GABAB1 (GABAB R1) protein in the PVN. Blocking NMDA receptors with AP5 restored the reduced baclofen-induced currents in CUMS rats but had no effect on GABAB1 expression. Furthermore, CUMS treatment augmented the baclofen-induced decrease in the frequency of glutamatergic excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) and GABAergic inhibitor postsynaptic currents in PVN-CRH neurons. The GABAB receptor antagonist CGP55845 increased the firing activity of PVN-CRH neurons only in CUMS-treated rats and not in unstressed rats. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These findings suggest that chronic stress impairs postsynaptic GABAB receptor function but augments presynaptic GABAB receptor function in controlling glutamatergic and GABAergic synaptic inputs in PVN-CRH neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Gao
- Department of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, HeBei, China
| | - Jing-Jing Zhou
- Department of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yun Zhu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Therese A Kosten
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiangjian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiocerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - De-Pei Li
- Department of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Elucidation of the neural circuits activated by a GABA B receptor positive modulator: Relevance to anxiety. Neuropharmacology 2017; 136:129-145. [PMID: 28734870 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Although there is much evidence for a role of GABAB receptors in the pathophysiology of anxiety, the underlying neuronal mechanisms are largely unclear. The GABAB receptor allosteric positive modulator, GS39783, exerts anxiolytic effects without interfering with GABAB-mediated modulation of body temperature, cognitive performance and locomotor activity thus offering advantages over GABAB receptor agonists. However, the precise neural circuits underlying the anxiolytic effects of GS39783 are unknown. The aim of the present study was to identify brain structures and associated neuronal circuits that are modulated by GS39783 under either basal or mild stress conditions. To this end, the expression pattern of c-Fos, a marker of neuronal activation, was examined in mice acutely treated with GS39783 under basal conditions or following a mild anxiogenic challenge induced by exposure to the Open Arm (OA) of an Elevated Plus Maze. OA exposure enhanced c-Fos expression in vehicle-treated animals in several brain regions, including the medial prefrontal cortex, lateral septum, amygdala, hippocampus, paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and the periaqueductal gray (PAG). Under basal conditions, GS39783 increased c-Fos in a restricted panel of areas notably amygdala nuclei, cortical areas and PAG subregions, while it inhibited c-Fos expression in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN). Under stress conditions, GS39783 reversed OA-induced c-Fos expression in the granular cell layer of the dentate gyrus, no longer increased c-Fos expression in the amygdala nor reduced c-Fos expression in the DRN. These specific patterns of neural activation by GS39783 might explain the neurobiological correlates implicated in GABAB-mediated anti-anxiety effects. This article is part of the "Special Issue Dedicated to Norman G. Bowery".
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GABAB Receptors Tune Cortical Feedback to the Olfactory Bulb. J Neurosci 2017; 36:8289-304. [PMID: 27511004 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3823-15.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Sensory perception emerges from the confluence of sensory inputs that encode the composition of external environment and top-down feedback that conveys information from higher brain centers. In olfaction, sensory input activity is initially processed in the olfactory bulb (OB), serving as the first central relay before being transferred to the olfactory cortex. In addition, the OB receives dense connectivity from feedback projections, so the OB has the capacity to implement a wide array of sensory neuronal computation. However, little is known about the impact and the regulation of this cortical feedback. Here, we describe a novel mechanism to gate glutamatergic feedback selectively from the anterior olfactory cortex (AOC) to the OB. Combining in vitro and in vivo electrophysiological recordings, optogenetics, and fiber-photometry-based calcium imaging applied to wild-type and conditional transgenic mice, we explore the functional consequences of circuit-specific GABA type-B receptor (GABABR) manipulation. We found that activation of presynaptic GABABRs specifically depresses synaptic transmission from the AOC to OB inhibitory interneurons, but spares direct excitation to principal neurons. As a consequence, feedforward inhibition of spontaneous and odor-evoked activity of principal neurons is diminished. We also show that tunable cortico-bulbar feedback is critical for generating beta, but not gamma, OB oscillations. Together, these results show that GABABRs on cortico-bulbar afferents gate excitatory transmission in a target-specific manner and thus shape how the OB integrates sensory inputs and top-down information. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The olfactory bulb (OB) receives top-down inputs from the olfactory cortex that produce direct excitation and feedforward inhibition onto mitral and tufted cells, the principal neurons. The functional role of this feedback and the mechanisms regulating the balance of feedback excitation and inhibition remain unknown. We found that GABAB receptors are expressed in cortico-bulbar axons that synapse on granule cells and receptor activation reduces the feedforward inhibition of spontaneous and odor-driven mitral and tufted cells' firing activity. In contrast, direct excitatory inputs to these principal neurons remain unchanged. This study demonstrates that activation of GABAB receptors biases the excitation/inhibition balance provided by cortical inputs to the OB, leading to profound effects on early stages of sensory information processing.
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Accumulated GABA activates presynaptic GABAB receptors and inhibits both excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission in rat midbrain periaqueductal gray. Neuroreport 2017; 28:313-318. [DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000000756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Cote-Vélez A, Martínez Báez A, Lezama L, Uribe RM, Joseph-Bravo P, Charli JL. A screen for modulators reveals that orexin-A rapidly stimulates thyrotropin releasing hormone expression and release in hypothalamic cell culture. Neuropeptides 2017; 62:11-20. [PMID: 28173961 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In the paraventricular nucleus of the mammalian hypothalamus, hypophysiotropic thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) neurons integrate metabolic information and control the activity of the thyroid axis. Additional populations of TRH neurons reside in various hypothalamic areas, with poorly defined connections and functions, albeit there is evidence that some may be related to energy balance. To establish extracellular modulators of TRH hypothalamic neurons activity, we performed a screen of neurotransmitters effects in hypothalamic cultures. Cell culture conditions were chosen to facilitate the full differentiation of the TRH neurons; these conditions had permitted the characterization of the effects of known modulators of hypophysiotropic TRH neurons. The major end-point of the screen was Trh mRNA levels, since they are generally rapidly (0.5-3h) modified by synaptic inputs onto TRH neurons; in some experiments, TRH cell content or release was also analyzed. Various modulators, including histamine, serotonin, β-endorphin, met-enkephalin, and melanin concentrating hormone, had no effect. Glutamate, as well as ionotropic agonists (kainate and N-Methyl-d-aspartic acid), increased Trh mRNA levels. Baclofen, a GABAB receptor agonist, and dopamine enhanced Trh mRNA levels. An endocannabinoid receptor 1 inverse agonist promoted TRH release. Somatostatin increased Trh mRNA levels and TRH cell content. Orexin-A rapidly increased Trh mRNA levels, TRH cell content and release, while orexin-B decreased Trh mRNA levels. These data reveal unaccounted regulators, which exert potent effects on hypothalamic TRH neurons in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonieta Cote-Vélez
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Mor. 62271, Mexico
| | - Anabel Martínez Báez
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Mor. 62271, Mexico
| | - Leticia Lezama
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Mor. 62271, Mexico
| | - Rosa María Uribe
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Mor. 62271, Mexico
| | - Patricia Joseph-Bravo
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Mor. 62271, Mexico
| | - Jean-Louis Charli
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Mor. 62271, Mexico.
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Homeostatic regulation through GABA and acetylcholine muscarinic receptors of motor trigeminal neurons following sleep deprivation. Brain Struct Funct 2017; 222:3163-3178. [PMID: 28299422 PMCID: PMC5585289 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-017-1392-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Muscle tone is regulated across sleep-wake states, being maximal in waking, reduced in slow wave sleep (SWS) and absent in paradoxical or REM sleep (PS or REMS). Such changes in tone have been recorded in the masseter muscles and shown to correspond to changes in activity and polarization of the trigeminal motor 5 (Mo5) neurons. The muscle hypotonia and atonia during sleep depend in part on GABA acting upon both GABAA and GABAB receptors (Rs) and acetylcholine (ACh) acting upon muscarinic 2 (AChM2) Rs. Here, we examined whether Mo5 neurons undergo homeostatic regulation through changes in these inhibitory receptors following prolonged activity with enforced waking. By immunofluorescence, we assessed that the proportion of Mo5 neurons positively stained for GABAARs was significantly higher after sleep deprivation (SD, ~65%) than sleep control (SC, ~32%) and that the luminance of the GABAAR fluorescence was significantly higher after SD than SC and sleep recovery (SR). Although, all Mo5 neurons were positively stained for GABABRs and AChM2Rs (100%) in all groups, the luminance of these receptors was significantly higher following SD as compared to SC and SR. We conclude that the density of GABAA, GABAB and AChM2 receptors increases on Mo5 neurons during SD. The increase in these receptors would be associated with increased inhibition in the presence of GABA and ACh and thus a homeostatic down-scaling in the excitability of the Mo5 neurons after prolonged waking and resulting increased susceptibility to muscle hypotonia or atonia along with sleep.
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Nguyen MD, Wang Y, Ganesana M, Venton BJ. Transient Adenosine Release Is Modulated by NMDA and GABA B Receptors. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:376-385. [PMID: 28071892 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenosine is a neuroprotective agent that modulates neurotransmission and is modulated by other neurotransmitters. Spontaneous, transient adenosine is a recently discovered mode of signaling where adenosine is released and cleared from the extracellular space quickly, in less than three seconds. Spontaneous adenosine release is regulated by adenosine A1 and A2a receptors, but regulation by other neurotransmitter receptors has not been studied. Here, we examined the effect of glutamate and GABA receptors on the concentration and frequency of spontaneous, transient adenosine release by measuring adenosine with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry in the rat caudate-putamen. The glutamate NMDA antagonist, 3-(R-2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)-propyl-1-phosphonic acid (CPP, 6.25 mg/kg i.p.), increased the frequency of adenosine transients and the concentration of individual transients, but NMDA (agonist, 50 mg/kg, i.p.) did not change the frequency. In contrast, antagonists of other glutamate receptors had no effect on the frequency or concentration of transient adenosine release, including the AMPA antagonist NBQX (15 mg/kg i.p.) and the mGlu2/3 glutamate receptor antagonist LY 341495 (5 mg/kg i.p.). The GABAB antagonist CGP 52432 (30 mg/kg i.p.) significantly decreased the number of adenosine release events while the GABAB agonist baclofen (4 mg/kg i.p.) increased the frequency of adenosine release. The GABAA antagonist bicuculline (5 mg/kg i.p.) had no significant effects on adenosine. NMDA and GABAB likely act presynaptically, affecting the overall cell excitability for vesicular release. The ability to regulate adenosine with NMDA and GABAB receptors will help control the modulatory effects of transient adenosine release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D. Nguyen
- Department
of Chemistry and
Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Ying Wang
- Department
of Chemistry and
Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Mallikarjunarao Ganesana
- Department
of Chemistry and
Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - B. Jill Venton
- Department
of Chemistry and
Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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Lupinsky D, Moquin L, Gratton A. Interhemispheric regulation of the rat medial prefrontal cortical glutamate stress response: role of local GABA- and dopamine-sensitive mechanisms. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:353-363. [PMID: 27822602 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-016-4468-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE We previously reported that stressors increase medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) glutamate (GLU) levels as a result of activating callosal neurons located in the opposite hemisphere and that this PFC GLU stress response is regulated by GLU-, dopamine- (DA-), and GABA-sensitive mechanisms (Lupinsky et al. 2010). OBJECTIVES Here, we examine the possibility that PFC DA regulates the stress responsivity of callosal neurons indirectly by acting at D1 and D2 receptors located on GABA interneurons. METHODS Microdialysis combined with drug perfusion (reverse dialysis) or microinjections was used in adult male Long-Evans rats to characterize D1, D2, and GABAB receptor-mediated regulation of the PFC GABA response to tail-pinch (TP) stress. RESULTS We report that TP stress reliably elicited comparable increases in extracellular GABA in the left and right PFCs. SCH23390 (D1 antagonist; 100 μM perfusate concentration) perfused by reverse microdialysis attenuated the local GABA stress responses equally in the left and right PFCs. Intra-PFC raclopride perfusion (D2 antagonist; 100 μM) had the opposite effect, not only potentiating the local GABA stress response but also causing a transient elevation in basal (pre-stress) GABA. Moreover, unilateral PFC raclopride microinjection (6 nmol) attenuated the GLU response to TP stress in the contralateral PFC. Finally, intra-PFC baclofen perfusion (GABAB agonist; 100 μM) inhibited the local GLU and GABA stress responses. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these findings implicate PFC GABA interneurons in processing stressful stimuli, showing that local D1, D2, and GABAB receptor-mediated changes in PFC GABA transmission play a crucial role in the interhemispheric regulation of GLU stress responsivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Lupinsky
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, H4H 1R3, Canada.
- Douglas Institute Research Center, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Montréal, Québec, H4H 1R3, Canada.
| | - Luc Moquin
- Douglas Institute Research Center, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Montréal, Québec, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Alain Gratton
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, H4H 1R3, Canada
- Douglas Institute Research Center, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Montréal, Québec, H4H 1R3, Canada
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Nazari M, Komaki A, Salehi I, Sarihi A, Shahidi S, Komaki H, Ganji A. Interactive effects of AM251 and baclofen on synaptic plasticity in the rat dentate gyrus. Brain Res 2016; 1651:53-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Zhang J, Tan L, Ren Y, Liang J, Lin R, Feng Q, Zhou J, Hu F, Ren J, Wei C, Yu T, Zhuang Y, Bettler B, Wang F, Luo M. Presynaptic Excitation via GABA B Receptors in Habenula Cholinergic Neurons Regulates Fear Memory Expression. Cell 2016; 166:716-728. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Lovick T. Panic Disorder-A Malfunction of Multiple Transmitter Control Systems within the Midbrain Periaqueductal Gray Matter? Neuroscientist 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/107385840000600113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The clinical and psychopharmacological profile of panic disorder in human patients shows a remarkable similarity to the defensive behavioral response evoked in experimental animals by activation of neurons in the dorsal part of the midbrain periaqueductal gray matter (PAG). Studies of the neural circuitry within the PAG indicate that a subpopulation of GABAergic neurons in the dorsolateral sector may act as an amplifying stage that potentiates inhibitory serotonergic input to the "defense area" within the PAG. These neurons may function as a gain-control system that sets the level of excitability of efferent output neurons, which mediate the autonomic and somatomotor components of panic behavior. Dysfunctional activity within the dorsolateral PAG leading to a destabilization of this control system may be a factor underlying panic behavior and predisposes to the development of panic disorder in susceptible persons. NEUROSCIENTIST 6:48-59, 2000
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GABA Receptors on Orexin and Melanin-Concentrating Hormone Neurons Are Differentially Homeostatically Regulated Following Sleep Deprivation. eNeuro 2016; 3:eN-NWR-0077-16. [PMID: 27294196 PMCID: PMC4899679 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0077-16.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Though overlapping in distribution through the hypothalamus, orexin (Orx) and melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) neurons play opposite roles in the regulation of sleep-wake states. Orx neurons discharge during waking, whereas MCH neurons discharge during sleep. In the present study, we examined in mice whether GABAA and GABAB receptors (Rs) are present on Orx and MCH neurons and might undergo differential changes as a function of their different activities following sleep deprivation (SD) and sleep recovery (SR). Applying quantitative stereological image analysis to dual-immunofluorescent stained sections, we determined that the proportion of Orx neurons positively immunostained for GABAARs was significantly higher following SD (∼48%) compared with sleep control (SC; ∼24%) and SR (∼27%), and that the luminance of the GABAARs was significantly greater. In contrast, the average proportion of the MCH neurons immunostained for GABAARs was insignificantly lower following SD (∼43%) compared with SC (∼54%) and SR (56%), and the luminance of the GABAARs was significantly less. Although, GABABRs were observed in all Orx and MCH neurons (100%), the luminance of these receptors was differentially altered following SD. The intensity of GABABRs in the Orx neurons was significantly greater after SD than after SC and SR, whereas that in the MCH neurons was significantly less. The present results indicate that GABA receptors undergo dynamic and differential changes in the wake-active Orx neurons and the sleep-active MCH neurons as a function of and homeostatic adjustment to their preceding activity and sleep-wake state.
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Characterization of Rebound Depolarization in Neurons of the Rat Medial Geniculate Body In Vitro. Neurosci Bull 2016; 32:16-26. [PMID: 26781877 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-015-0006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rebound depolarization (RD) is a response to the offset from hyperpolarization of the neuronal membrane potential and is an important mechanism for the synaptic processing of inhibitory signals. In the present study, we characterized RD in neurons of the rat medial geniculate body (MGB), a nucleus of the auditory thalamus, using whole-cell patch-clamp and brain slices. RD was proportional in strength to the duration and magnitude of the hyperpolarization; was effectively blocked by Ni(2+) or Mibefradil; and was depressed when the resting membrane potential was hyperpolarized by blocking hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels with ZD7288 or by activating G-protein-gated inwardly-rectifying K(+) (GIRK) channels with baclofen. Our results demonstrated that RD in MGB neurons, which is carried by T-type Ca(2+) channels, is critically regulated by HCN channels and likely by GIRK channels.
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