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Wuni R, Kuhnle GGC, Wynn-Jones AA, Vimaleswaran KS. A Nutrigenetic Update on CETP Gene–Diet Interactions on Lipid-Related Outcomes. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2022; 24:119-132. [PMID: 35098451 PMCID: PMC8924099 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-022-00987-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review An abnormal lipid profile is considered a main risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and evidence suggests that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene contribute to variations in lipid levels in response to dietary intake. The objective of this review was to identify and discuss nutrigenetic studies assessing the interactions between CETP SNPs and dietary factors on blood lipids. Recent Findings Relevant articles were obtained through a literature search of PubMed and Google Scholar through to July 2021. An article was included if it examined an interaction between CETP SNPs and dietary factors on blood lipids. From 49 eligible nutrigenetic studies, 27 studies reported significant interactions between 8 CETP SNPs and 17 dietary factors on blood lipids in 18 ethnicities. The discrepancies in the study findings could be attributed to genetic heterogeneity, and differences in sample size, study design, lifestyle and measurement of dietary intake. The most extensively studied ethnicities were those of Caucasian populations and majority of the studies reported an interaction with dietary fat intake. The rs708272 (TaqIB) was the most widely studied CETP SNP, where ‘B1’ allele was associated with higher CETP activity, resulting in lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and higher serum triglycerides under the influence of high dietary fat intake. Summary Overall, the findings suggest that CETP SNPs might alter blood lipid profiles by modifying responses to diet, but further large studies in multiple ethnic groups are warranted to identify individuals at risk of adverse lipid response to diet. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11883-022-00987-y.
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Lu H, Zhang J, Chen YE, Garcia-Barrio MT. Integration of Transformative Platforms for the Discovery of Causative Genes in Cardiovascular Diseases. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2021; 35:637-654. [PMID: 33856594 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-021-07175-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are powerful epidemiological tools to find genes and variants associated with cardiovascular diseases while follow-up biological studies allow to better understand the etiology and mechanisms of disease and assign causality. Improved methodologies and reduced costs have allowed wider use of bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing, human-induced pluripotent stem cells, organoids, metabolomics, epigenomics, and novel animal models in conjunction with GWAS. In this review, we feature recent advancements relevant to cardiovascular diseases arising from the integration of genetic findings with multiple enabling technologies within multidisciplinary teams to highlight the solidifying transformative potential of this approach. Well-designed workflows integrating different platforms are greatly improving and accelerating the unraveling and understanding of complex disease processes while promoting an effective way to find better drug targets, improve drug design and repurposing, and provide insight towards a more personalized clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haocheng Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Rd, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2800, USA
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Rd, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2800, USA.,Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Y Eugene Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Rd, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2800, USA. .,Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Minerva T Garcia-Barrio
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, 2800 Plymouth Rd, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2800, USA.
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Williams PT. Quantile-Dependent Expressivity and Gene-Lifestyle Interactions Involving High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol. Lifestyle Genom 2020; 14:1-19. [PMID: 33296900 DOI: 10.1159/000511421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The phenotypic expression of a high-density lipoprotein (HDL) genetic risk score has been shown to depend upon whether the phenotype (HDL-cholesterol) is high or low relative to its distribution in the population (quantile-dependent expressivity). This may be due to the effects of genetic mutations on HDL-metabolism being concentration dependent. METHOD The purpose of this article is to assess whether some previously reported HDL gene-lifestyle interactions could potentially be attributable to quantile-dependent expressivity. SUMMARY Seventy-three published examples of HDL gene-lifestyle interactions were interpreted from the perspective of quantile-dependent expressivity. These included interactive effects of diet, alcohol, physical activity, adiposity, and smoking with genetic variants associated with the ABCA1, ADH3, ANGPTL4, APOA1, APOA4, APOA5, APOC3, APOE, CETP, CLASP1, CYP7A1, GALNT2, LDLR, LHX1, LIPC, LIPG, LPL, MVK-MMAB, PLTP, PON1, PPARα, SIRT1, SNTA1,and UCP1genes. The selected examples showed larger genetic effect sizes for lifestyle conditions associated with higher vis-à-vis lower average HDL-cholesterol concentrations. This suggests these reported interactions could be the result of selecting subjects for conditions that differentiate high from low HDL-cholesterol (e.g., lean vs. overweight, active vs. sedentary, high-fat vs. high-carbohydrate diets, alcohol drinkers vs. abstainers, nonsmokers vs. smokers) producing larger versus smaller genetic effect sizes. Key Message: Quantile-dependent expressivity provides a potential explanation for some reported gene-lifestyle interactions for HDL-cholesterol. Although overall genetic heritability appears to be quantile specific, this may vary by genetic variant and environmental exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul T Williams
- Molecular Biophysics & Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA,
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de Luis D, Izaola O, Primo D, Gomez E, Lopez JJ, Ortola A, Aller R. Association of a cholesteryl ester transfer protein variant (rs1800777) with fat mass, HDL cholesterol levels, and metabolic syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 65:387-393. [PMID: 29705571 DOI: 10.1016/j.endinu.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is little evidence of the association between CETP SNPs and obesity and/or related metabolic parameters. OBJECTIVE To analyze the association of the polymorphism rs1800777 of the CETP gene with anthropometric parameters, lipid profile, metabolic syndrome and its components, and adipokine levels in obese subjects without type 2 diabetes mellitus or hypertension. DESIGN A population of 1005 obese subjects was analyzed. Electrical bioimpedance was performed, and blood pressure, presence of metabolic syndrome, dietary intake, physical activity, and biochemical tests were recorded. RESULTS Nine hundred and sixty eight patients (96.3%) had the GG genotype, 37 patients the GA genotype (3.7%) (no AA genotype was detected). Fat mass (delta: 4.4±1.1kg; p=0.04), waist circumference (delta: 5.6±2.1cm; p=0.02), and waist to hip ratio (delta: 0.04±0.01cm; p=0.01) were higher in A allele carriers than in non-A allele carriers. HDL cholesterol levels were lower in A allele carriers than in non-A allele carriers (delta: 4.2±1.0mg/dL; p=0.04). In the logistic regression analysis, the GA genotype was associated to an increased risk of central obesity (OR 7.55, 95% CI 1.10-55.70, p=0.02) and low HDL cholesterol levels (OR 2.46, 95% CI 1.23-4.91, p=0.014). CONCLUSION The CETP variant at position +82 is associated to lower HDL cholesterol levels, increased fat mass, and central obesity in obese subjects. These results may suggest a potential role of this variant gene in pathophysiology of adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel de Luis
- Center of Investigation of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Medicine School and Department of Endocrinology and Investigation, Hospital Clínico Universitario, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Olatz Izaola
- Center of Investigation of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Medicine School and Department of Endocrinology and Investigation, Hospital Clínico Universitario, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - David Primo
- Center of Investigation of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Medicine School and Department of Endocrinology and Investigation, Hospital Clínico Universitario, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Emilia Gomez
- Center of Investigation of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Medicine School and Department of Endocrinology and Investigation, Hospital Clínico Universitario, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Juan Jose Lopez
- Center of Investigation of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Medicine School and Department of Endocrinology and Investigation, Hospital Clínico Universitario, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ana Ortola
- Center of Investigation of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Medicine School and Department of Endocrinology and Investigation, Hospital Clínico Universitario, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rocio Aller
- Center of Investigation of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Medicine School and Department of Endocrinology and Investigation, Hospital Clínico Universitario, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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Suhy A, Hartmann K, Papp AC, Wang D, Sadee W. Regulation of cholesteryl ester transfer protein expression by upstream polymorphisms: reduced expression associated with rs247616. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2015; 25:394-401. [PMID: 26061659 PMCID: PMC4499003 DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0000000000000151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is involved in reverse cholesterol transport by exchanging cholesteryl esters for triglycerides between high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein particles, effectively decreasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Variants within a large haplotype block upstream of CETP (rs247616, rs173539) have been shown to be significantly associated with reduced expression; however, the underlying mechanism has not been identified. METHODS We analyzed the linkage structure of our top candidate single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs247616, and assessed each SNP of the haplotype block for potential interactions with transcription factor binding sites. We then used a reporter gene assay to assess the effect of three SNPs (rs247616, rs173539, and rs1723150) on expression in vitro. RESULTS Several variants in the upstream haplotype, including rs247616, rs173539, and rs1723150, disrupt or generate transcription factor binding sites. In reporter gene assays, rs247616 and rs173539 were found to significantly affected expression in HepG2 cells, whereas rs17231506 had no effect. rs247616 decreased expression by 1.7-fold (P<0.0001), whereas rs173539 increased expression by 2.2-fold (P=0.0006). CONCLUSION SNPs rs247616 and rs173539 are in high linkage disequilibrium (R=0.96, D'=1.00) and have the potential to regulate CETP expression. Although opposing effects suggest that regulation of CETP expression could vary between tissues, the minor allele of rs247616 and SNPs in high linkage with it were found to be associated with reduced expression across all tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Suhy
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Pharmacogenomics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Genetic determinants of quantitative traits associated with cardiovascular disease risk. Mutat Res 2015; 778:18-25. [PMID: 26043189 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Established risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) may be moderated by genetic variants. In 2403 unrelated individuals from general practice (mean age 40.5 years), we evaluated the influence of 15 variants in 12 candidate genes on quantitative traits (QT) associated with CVD (body mass index, abdominal obesity, glucose, serum lipids, and blood pressure). Prior to multiple testing correction, univariate analysis associated APOE rs429358, rs7412 and ATG16L1 rs2241880 variants with serum lipid levels, while LEPR rs1137100 and ATG16L1 rs2241880 variants were linked to obesity related QTs. After taking into account confounding factors and correcting for multiple comparisons only APOE rs429358 and rs7412 variants remained significantly associated with risk of dyslipidemia. APOE rs429358 variant almost tripled the risk in homozygous subjects (OR = 2.97; 95% CI 1.09-8.10, p < 0.03) and had a lesser but still highly significant association also in heterozygous individuals (OR = 1.67; 95% CI 1.24-2.10; p < 0.001). Associations with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome were not significant after Bonferroni correction. The influence of genetic variation is more evident in dyslipidemia than in other analyzed QTs. These results may contribute to strategic research aimed at including genetic variation in the set of data required to identify subjects at high risk of CVD.
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Kaman D, İlhan N, İlhan N, Akbulut M. TaqIB and severity of coronary artery disease in the Turkish population: a pilot study. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2015; 15:9-13. [PMID: 25725138 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2015.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) plays a crucial role in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism. Genetic variants that alter CETP concentration may cause significant alterations in HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration. In this case-control study, we analyzed the genotype frequencies of CETP Taq1B polymorphisms in coronary artery disease patients (CAD; n=210) and controls (n=100). We analyzed the role of the CETP Taq1B variant in severity of CAD, and its association with plasma lipids and CETP concentration. DNA was extracted from 310 patients undergoing coronary angiography. The Taq1B polymorphism was genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Lipid concentrations were measured by an auto analyzer and CETP level by a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. In our study population, the B2 allele frequency was higher in control subjects than patients with single, double or triple vessel disease. B2B2 genotype carriers had a significantly higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration than those with the B1B1 genotype in controls (51.93±9.47versus 45.34±9.93; p<0.05) and in CAD patients (45.52±10.81 versus 40.38±9.12; p<0.05). B2B2 genotype carriers had a significantly lower CETP concentration than those with the B1B1 genotype in controls (1.39±0.58 versus 1.88±0.83; p< 0.05) and in CAD patients (2.04±1.39versus 2.81±1.68; p< 0.05). Our data suggest that the B2 allele is associated with higher concentrations of HDL-C and lower concentrations of CETP, which confer a protective effect on coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilara Kaman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig.
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Mehlig K, Strandhagen E, Svensson PA, Rosengren A, Torén K, Thelle DS, Lissner L. CETP TaqIB genotype modifies the association between alcohol and coronary heart disease: the INTERGENE case-control study. Alcohol 2014; 48:695-700. [PMID: 25288221 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2014.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption at moderate levels has been associated with decreased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the cardio-protective effect of alcohol may be restricted to subjects with a particular genotype of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) polymorphism. There is evidence for this from one study in men, but the finding has not been confirmed since. The present study specifically re-examines the potential modification of the association between alcohol consumption and CHD by the CETP TaqIB (rs708272) polymorphism in a sample including both men and women. The INTERGENE case-control study consists of 618 patients with CHD and 2921 control subjects, of whom 19% were homozygous for the CETP TaqIB B2 allele. Alcohol consumption was categorized into sex-specific tertiles of ethanol intake, with non-drinkers constituting a separate category. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between CHD with genotype, ethanol intake, and their interaction. Participants with intermediate ethanol intake (2nd tertile) had lower risk of CHD than those with low ethanol intake (odds ratio [OR] = 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.50-0.85). The strongest protective association was seen in the CETP TaqIB B2 homozygotes for intermediate vs. low ethanol intake (odds ratio OR = 0.21; 95% CI 0.10-0.44). The interaction between ethanol intake and genotype was statistically significant (p = 0.008), and of similar size in men and women though significant only in men (p = 0.01). The effect modification could not be explained by differences in lifestyle, socioeconomics, or alcohol-related biological variables such as HDL-cholesterol. Our study is the first to replicate previous findings of an effect modification in men. It gives only suggestive results for women, possibly due to the small number of female cases (n = 165). The prevented fraction for the favorable combination of genotype and alcohol consumption is about 6%, a value suggesting that the cardio-protective effect of moderate alcohol consumption applies only to a small segment of the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Mehlig
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Elisabeth Strandhagen
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per-Arne Svensson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Annika Rosengren
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kjell Torén
- Section of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Dag S Thelle
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Lauren Lissner
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Wu Z, Lou Y, Qiu X, Liu Y, Lu L, Chen Q, Jin W. Association of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene polymorphism, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and risk of coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis using a Mendelian randomization approach. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2014; 15:118. [PMID: 25366166 PMCID: PMC4258818 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-014-0118-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent randomized controlled trials have challenged the concept that increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) risk reduction. The causal role of HDL-C in the development of atherosclerosis remains unclear. To increase precision and to minimize residual confounding, we exploited the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP)-TaqIB polymorphism as an instrument based on Mendelian randomization. METHODS The Mendelian randomization analysis was performed by two steps. First, we conducted a meta-analysis of 47 studies, including 23,928 cases and 27,068 controls, to quantify the relationship between the TaqIB polymorphism and the CAD risk. Next, the association between the TaqIB polymorphism and HDL-C was assessed among 5,929 Caucasians. We further employed Mendelian randomization to evaluate the causal effect of HDL-C on CAD based on the findings from the meta-analysis. RESULTS The overall comparison of the B2 allele with the B1 allele yielded a significant risk reduction of CAD (P < 0.0001; OR = 0.88; 95% CI: 0.84-0.92) with substantial between-study heterogeneity (I² = 55.2%; P(heterogeneity) <0.0001). The result was not materially changed after excluding the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE)-violation studies. Compared with B1B1 homozygotes, Caucasian carriers of the B2 allele had a 0.25 mmol/L increase in HDL-C level (95% CI: 0.20-0.31; P <0.0001; I² = 0; P(heterogeneity) =0.87). However, a 1 standard deviation (SD) elevation in HDL-C levels due to the TaqIB polymorphism, was marginal associated with CAD risk (OR =0.79; 95% CI: 0.54-1.03; P =0.08). CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results lend support to the concept that increased HDL-C cannot be translated into a reduction in CAD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Wei Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China.
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Genetic Modification of the Effects of Alcohol on Metabolic and Clinical Phenotypes: A Review. Curr Nutr Rep 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13668-014-0086-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Li Q, Huang P, He QC, Lin QZ, Wu J, Yin RX. Association between the CETP polymorphisms and the risk of Alzheimer's disease, carotid atherosclerosis, longevity, and the efficacy of statin therapy. Neurobiol Aging 2014; 35:1513.e13-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Galati F, Colonna P, Galati A, Ciardiello C, Bozzetti MP, Massari S. CETP TaqIB Polymorphism, Serum Lipid Levels And Risk Of Atrial Fibrillation: A Case-Control Study. J Atr Fibrillation 2014; 6:964. [PMID: 27957053 DOI: 10.4022/jafib.964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) mediates the transfer of cholesteryl esters from high-density lipoproteins (HDL) to triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins. A consistent number of investigations has suggested an association between the TaqIB polymorphism of the CETP gene, plasma HDL-C levels and the risk of cardiovascular disease, but the results are controversial. The aim of this study was to determine if the TaqIB polymorphism might be related to the presence of atrial fibrillation (AF). We conducted a case-control study, enrolling 109 Caucasian unrelated patients coming from Salento (Southern Italy) with documented AF and 109 controls selected from the same ward. The CETP TaqIB genotypes were determined by RFLP-PCR. The subjects with the B2B2 genotype seem to be more susceptible to AF development (OR=2.28, 95% CI 1.06-4.89, p=0.032). The AF incidence is higher if we consider only the female subgroup (OR=5.14, 95% CI 1.57-16.82, p=0.0061). In the AF female subgroup the B2B2 patients had a statistically significant decrease of HDL-C levels (1.50 ± 0.35 vs 2.07 ± 0.42; p=0.012) and statistically higher TG levels (1.34 ± 0.46 vs 0.77 ± 0.14; p=0.027) and TG/HDL-C ratio (2.14 ± 0.80 vs 0.88 ± 0.23; p=0.007) when compared to B2B2 female control subjects. When we analyzed the linkage between the TaqIB polymorphism and the promoter variant (-629C/A), we found that 100% of the B2 alleles of the TaqIB polymorphism were associated with the A alleles of the -629 promoter polymorphism in our subjects. This study suggests that in post-menopausal women atrial fibrillation could be promoted by the association of CETP B2B2/AA genotype with higher triglycerides values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Galati
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies - University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Paolo Colonna
- Department of Cardiology - Policlinic Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Galati
- Department of Cardiology - "Card. G. Panico" Hospital, Tricase, Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Maria P Bozzetti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies - University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Serafina Massari
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies - University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
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Suhy A, Hartmann K, Newman L, Papp A, Toneff T, Hook V, Sadee W. Genetic variants affecting alternative splicing of human cholesteryl ester transfer protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 443:1270-4. [PMID: 24393849 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.12.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) plays an important role in reverse cholesterol transport, with decreased CETP activity increasing HDL levels. Formation of an alternative splice form lacking exon 9 (Δ9-CETP) has been associated with two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in high linkage disequilibrium with each other, namely rs9930761 T>C located in intron 8 in a putative splicing branch site and rs5883 C>T in a possible exonic splicing enhancer (ESE) site in exon 9. To assess the relative effect of rs9930761 and rs5883 on splicing, mini-gene constructs spanning CETP exons 8 to 10, carrying all four possible allele combinations, were transfected into HEK293 and HepG2 cells. The minor T allele of rs5883 enhanced splicing significantly in both cell lines whereas the minor C allele of rs9930761 did not. In combination, the two alleles did not yield greater splicing than the rs5883 T allele alone in HepG2 cells. These results indicate that the genetic effect on CETP splicing is largely attributable to rs5883. We also confirm that Δ9-CETP protein is expressed in the liver but fails to circulate in the blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Suhy
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 5184A Graves Hall, 333 West 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Katherine Hartmann
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 5184A Graves Hall, 333 West 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Leslie Newman
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 5184A Graves Hall, 333 West 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Audrey Papp
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 5184A Graves Hall, 333 West 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Thomas Toneff
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Medicine, Departments of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Vivian Hook
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Medicine, Departments of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Wolfgang Sadee
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 5184A Graves Hall, 333 West 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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14
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Association study of promoter polymorphisms in the CETP gene with longevity in the Han Chinese population. Mol Biol Rep 2013; 41:325-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-013-2865-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Lu Y, Tayebi N, Li H, Saha N, Yang H, Heng CK. Association of CETP Taq1B and -629C > A polymorphisms with coronary artery disease and lipid levels in the multi-ethnic Singaporean population. Lipids Health Dis 2013; 12:85. [PMID: 23758630 PMCID: PMC3699414 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-12-85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperlipidaemia is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene polymorphisms are known to be associated with lipid profiles. METHODS In this study, we investigated the association of two polymorphisms in the CETP, Taq1B (rs708272) and -629C > A (rs1800775), with CAD and lipid levels HDL-C in 662 CAD + cases and 927 controls from the Singapore population comprising Chinese, Malays and Indians. RESULTS TaqB2 frequency was significantly lowest in the Malays (0.43) followed by Chinese (0.47) and highest in the Indians (0.56) in the controls. The B2 allele frequency was significantly lower in the Chinese CAD + cases compared to the controls (p = 0.002). The absence of the B2 allele was associated with CAD with an OR 2.0 (95% CI 1.2 to 3.4) after adjustment for the confounding effects of age, smoking, BMI, gender, hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus. The B2 allele was significantly associated with higher plasma HDL-C levels in the Chinese men after adjusting for confounders. Associations with plasma apoA1 levels were significant only in the Chinese men for Taq1B and -629C > A. In addition, the Taq1B polymorphism was only associated with plasma Apo B and Lp(a) in the Malay men. Significant associations were only found in non-smoking subjects with BMI <50th percentile. In this study, the LD coefficients between the Taq1B and -629C > A polymorphisms seemed to be weak. CONCLUSION The absence the Taq1B2 allele was associated with CAD in the Chinese population only and the minor allele of the Taq1B polymorphism of the CETP gene was significantly associated with higher plasma HDL-C levels in Chinese men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjian Lu
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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16
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Rejeb J, Omezzine A, Boumaiza I, Rebhi L, Rejeb NB, Nabli N, Abdelaziz AB, Boughzala E, Bouslama A. Four polymorphisms of cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene and coronary stenosis in a Tunisian population. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2013; 13:546-53. [PMID: 22854712 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0b013e3283569b24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The role of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) in the development of atherosclerosis is under debate. We studied the association of four polymorphisms (Taq1B, I405V, R451Q and A373P) in the CETP gene with lipid profile and coronary artery disease. METHODS Four CETP polymorphisms were studied in 316 Tunisian patients undergoing coronary angiography. Patients were clinically examined and their lipid profiles were estimated. Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. RESULTS The 451Q allele, associated with lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and higher total cholesterol and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) concentrations, was also significantly associated with an increased risk of significant stenosis [odds ratio (OR) = 1.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15-2.61, P = 0.007]. The B2 allele of Taq1B polymorphism had an increase in HDL-C concentration and was associated with a decreased risk of coronary stenosis, as described earlier. It was also associated with low risk of hypoHDLaemia [OR = 0.615, 95% CI 0.377-1.002, P = 0.035]. No significant effect of different A373P and I405V alleles was found on the lipid profile and on coronary stenosis. When CETP polymorphisms were combined in haplotypes possessing R451Q, A373P, I405V, Taq1B polymorphisms, the 1112 haplotype (where 1 is the wild genotype and 2 represents carriers of the variant allele) seems to be the most protective against significant stenosis (OR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.188-0.983; P = 0.014), whereas 2111 was probably the most atherogenic, with an OR = 2.17, 95% CI 1.06-5.88; P = 0.039. CONCLUSION The Q allele of the R451Q polymorphism was associated with decreased HDL-C, increased ApoB concentrations and increased risk of coronary stenosis. In haplotype analysis, we found that 1112 seems to be a protective haplotype, whereas 2111 has an atherogenic effect in a coronary Tunisian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihène Rejeb
- Biochemistry Department, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
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17
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Yu Q, Liu EQ, Zhao SH, Li YF, Wang YL, Chen YL, Wei KN, Huang BQ, Fan JL, Yang PH. Association between TaqIB polymorphism of cholesteryl ester transfer protein and coronary artery disease in the Chinese population. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2012; 13:342-7. [PMID: 22556171 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1100264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess whether the TaqIB polymorphism of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) in Chinese population, we performed a meta-analysis in this paper. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, the Science Citation Index (SCI), the China Biological Medicine database (CBM), the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and the Wanfang database for relevant articles. Data were extracted, and pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. RESULTS The literature search yielded 448 studies, in which 10 case-control studies including 1694 cases and 1456 controls matched the selection criteria. The combined B1 and B2 allele frequencies were 0.587 and 0.413, respectively. The pooled OR was 1.10 (95% CI, 0.89-1.34) for comparing the B1B1 or B1B2 carriers with B2B2 carriers, and was 1.27 (95% CI, 1.09-1.49) in the B1B1 carriers versus B2B2 or B1B2 carriers. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, the TaqIB polymorphism of CETP was found to be associated with CAD in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yu
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic Disease, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shaanxi, China
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18
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Papp AC, Pinsonneault JK, Wang D, Newman LC, Gong Y, Johnson JA, Pepine CJ, Kumari M, Hingorani AD, Talmud PJ, Shah S, Humphries SE, Sadee W. Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) polymorphisms affect mRNA splicing, HDL levels, and sex-dependent cardiovascular risk. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31930. [PMID: 22403620 PMCID: PMC3293889 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymorphisms in and around the Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) gene have been associated with HDL levels, risk for coronary artery disease (CAD), and response to therapy. The mechanism of action of these polymorphisms has yet to be defined. We used mRNA allelic expression and splice isoform measurements in human liver tissues to identify the genetic variants affecting CETP levels. Allelic CETP mRNA expression ratios in 56 human livers were strongly associated with several variants 2.5-7 kb upstream of the transcription start site (e.g., rs247616 p = 6.4 × 10(-5), allele frequency 33%). In addition, a common alternatively spliced CETP isoform lacking exon 9 (Δ9), has been shown to prevent CETP secretion in a dominant-negative manner. The Δ 9 expression ranged from 10 to 48% of total CETP mRNA in 94 livers. Increased formation of this isoform was exclusively associated with an exon 9 polymorphism rs5883-C>T (p = 6.8 × 10(-10)) and intron 8 polymorphism rs9930761-T>C (5.6 × 10(-8)) (in high linkage disequilibrium with allele frequencies 6-7%). rs9930761 changes a key splicing branch point nucleotide in intron 8, while rs5883 alters an exonic splicing enhancer sequence in exon 9.The effect of these polymorphisms was evaluated in two clinical studies. In the Whitehall II study of 4745 subjects, both rs247616 and rs5883T/rs9930761C were independently associated with increased HDL-C levels in males with similar effect size (rs247616 p = 9.6 × 10(-28) and rs5883 p = 8.6 × 10(-10), adjusted for rs247616). In an independent multiethnic US cohort of hypertensive subjects with CAD (INVEST-GENE), rs5883T/rs9930761C alone were significantly associated with increased incidence of MI, stroke, and all-cause mortality in males (rs5883: OR 2.36 (CI 1.29-4.30), p = 0.005, n = 866). These variants did not reach significance in females in either study. Similar to earlier results linking low CETP activity with poor outcomes in males, our results suggest genetic, sex-dependent CETP splicing effects on cardiovascular risk by a mechanism independent of circulating HDL-C levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey C. Papp
- Program in Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Julia K. Pinsonneault
- Program in Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Danxin Wang
- Program in Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Leslie C. Newman
- Program in Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Julie A. Johnson
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Carl J. Pepine
- College of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville Florida, United States of America
| | - Meena Kumari
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aroon D. Hingorani
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Philippa J. Talmud
- Centre for Cardiovascular Genetics, BHF Laboratories, Institute Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sonia Shah
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Steve E. Humphries
- Centre for Cardiovascular Genetics, BHF Laboratories, Institute Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wolfgang Sadee
- Program in Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
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19
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Surakka I, Isaacs A, Karssen LC, Laurila PPP, Middelberg RPS, Tikkanen E, Ried JS, Lamina C, Mangino M, Igl W, Hottenga JJ, Lagou V, van der Harst P, Mateo Leach I, Esko T, Kutalik Z, Wainwright NW, Struchalin MV, Sarin AP, Kangas AJ, Viikari JS, Perola M, Rantanen T, Petersen AK, Soininen P, Johansson Å, Soranzo N, Heath AC, Papamarkou T, Prokopenko I, Tönjes A, Kronenberg F, Döring A, Rivadeneira F, Montgomery GW, Whitfield JB, Kähönen M, Lehtimäki T, Freimer NB, Willemsen G, de Geus EJC, Palotie A, Sandhu MS, Waterworth DM, Metspalu A, Stumvoll M, Uitterlinden AG, Jula A, Navis G, Wijmenga C, Wolffenbuttel BHR, Taskinen MR, Ala-Korpela M, Kaprio J, Kyvik KO, Boomsma DI, Pedersen NL, Gyllensten U, Wilson JF, Rudan I, Campbell H, Pramstaller PP, Spector TD, Witteman JCM, Eriksson JG, Salomaa V, Oostra BA, Raitakari OT, Wichmann HE, Gieger C, Järvelin MR, Martin NG, Hofman A, McCarthy MI, Peltonen L, van Duijn CM, Aulchenko YS, Ripatti S. A genome-wide screen for interactions reveals a new locus on 4p15 modifying the effect of waist-to-hip ratio on total cholesterol. PLoS Genet 2011; 7:e1002333. [PMID: 22028671 PMCID: PMC3197672 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association (GWA) studies described 95 loci controlling serum lipid levels. These common variants explain ∼25% of the heritability of the phenotypes. To date, no unbiased screen for gene-environment interactions for circulating lipids has been reported. We screened for variants that modify the relationship between known epidemiological risk factors and circulating lipid levels in a meta-analysis of genome-wide association (GWA) data from 18 population-based cohorts with European ancestry (maximum N = 32,225). We collected 8 further cohorts (N = 17,102) for replication, and rs6448771 on 4p15 demonstrated genome-wide significant interaction with waist-to-hip-ratio (WHR) on total cholesterol (TC) with a combined P-value of 4.79×10(-9). There were two potential candidate genes in the region, PCDH7 and CCKAR, with differential expression levels for rs6448771 genotypes in adipose tissue. The effect of WHR on TC was strongest for individuals carrying two copies of G allele, for whom a one standard deviation (sd) difference in WHR corresponds to 0.19 sd difference in TC concentration, while for A allele homozygous the difference was 0.12 sd. Our findings may open up possibilities for targeted intervention strategies for people characterized by specific genomic profiles. However, more refined measures of both body-fat distribution and metabolic measures are needed to understand how their joint dynamics are modified by the newly found locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Surakka
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aaron Isaacs
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lennart C. Karssen
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pirkka-Pekka P. Laurila
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rita P. S. Middelberg
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Australia
| | - Emmi Tikkanen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janina S. Ried
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Lamina
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wilmar Igl
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vasiliki Lagou
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Irene Mateo Leach
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tõnu Esko
- The Estonian Genome Center and the Center of Translational Genomics of the University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- The Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas W. Wainwright
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
- Non-Communicable Disease Research Group, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Maksim V. Struchalin
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Antti-Pekka Sarin
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti J. Kangas
- Computational Medicine Research Group, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jorma S. Viikari
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Markus Perola
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- The Estonian Genome Center and the Center of Translational Genomics of the University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Department of Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Centre, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Ann-Kristin Petersen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Pasi Soininen
- NMR Metabonomics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Åsa Johansson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew C. Heath
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Theodore Papamarkou
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
- Non-Communicable Disease Research Group, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Inga Prokopenko
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anke Tönjes
- Medical Department, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- IFB AdiposityDiseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Angela Döring
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)–sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Medical School, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Medical School, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nelson B. Freimer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States of America
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eco J. C. de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
- The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Manj S. Sandhu
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
- Non-Communicable Disease Research Group, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Dawn M. Waterworth
- Genetics, Medicines Discovery, and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Andres Metspalu
- The Estonian Genome Center and the Center of Translational Genomics of the University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- The Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- The Estonian Biocentre, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - André G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)–sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Antti Jula
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Finland
| | - Gerjan Navis
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cisca Wijmenga
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Groningen and University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bruce H. R. Wolffenbuttel
- Department of Endocrinology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Mika Ala-Korpela
- Computational Medicine Research Group, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- NMR Metabonomics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Internal Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, Clinical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Unit for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsten O. Kyvik
- Institute of Regional Health Services Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Odense Patient data Explorative Network (OPEN), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Dorret I. Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nancy L. Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulf Gyllensten
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - James F. Wilson
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Croatian Centre for Global Health, University of Split Medical School, Split, Croatia
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Peter P. Pramstaller
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy
- Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Central Hospital of Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Tim D. Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jacqueline C. M. Witteman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)–sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Johan G. Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Unit of General Practice, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
- Vasa Central Hospital, Vasa, Finland
- Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Unit of Chronic Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ben A. Oostra
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Olli T. Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Clinical Physiology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - H.-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)–sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mark I. McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Leena Peltonen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Cornelia M. van Duijn
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre for Medical Systems Biology, Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)–sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yurii S. Aulchenko
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Public Health Genomics Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
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20
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Meena K, Misra A, Vikram N, Ali S, Pandey RM, Luthra K. Cholesterol ester transfer protein and apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms in hyperlipidemic Asian Indians in North India. Mol Cell Biochem 2011; 352:189-96. [PMID: 21380728 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-011-0753-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2010] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We determined the distribution of the polymorphic variants of CETP TaqIB and ApoE genes and their association with lipid and anthropometric parameters in hyperlipidemic and normolipidemic Asian Indians in North India. CETP TaqIB and ApoE polymorphism were assayed by PCR-RFLP in hyperlipidemic (n = 220) and normolipidemic (n = 367) subjects. Plasma lipids levels were estimated using commercially available kits from Randox (USA). The distribution of CETP TaqIB genotypes and alleles did not differ between the two groups. The frequency of ApoE ε4 allele was significantly higher in hyperlipidemic than normolipidemic subjects. Serum lipid levels were comparable between subjects with the different CETP TaqIB and ApoE genotypes in the two groups. Multivariate analysis after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, WHR, and total skinfold thickness showed that subjects with the Ε3Ε4 genotype and ε4 allele carriers were at significantly higher odds to develop hyperlipidemia [2.07 (1.29-3.30) and 2.05 (1.30-3.24), respectively] as compared to the other genotypes. ApoE ε4 allele and E3E4 genotype emerged as important genetic markers for hyperlipidemia in this study population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Meena
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.
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Tanrikulu-Kucuk S, Ademoglu E, Gurdol F, Bilge AK, Mutlu-Turkoglu U, Nisanci Y. Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Taq1B Polymorphism in an Angiographically Assessed Turkish Population: No Effects on Coronary Artery Disease Risk. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2010; 14:637-42. [DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2010.0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sevda Tanrikulu-Kucuk
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Evin Ademoglu
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Figen Gurdol
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet K. Bilge
- Department of Cardiology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Umit Mutlu-Turkoglu
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yilmaz Nisanci
- Department of Cardiology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Marques-Vidal P, Bochud M, Paccaud F, Waterworth D, Bergmann S, Preisig M, Waeber G, Vollenweider P. No interaction between alcohol consumption and HDL-related genes on HDL cholesterol levels. Atherosclerosis 2010; 211:551-7. [PMID: 20430392 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2009] [Revised: 03/12/2010] [Accepted: 04/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the relationships and possible interactions between polymorphisms related to HDL levels and alcohol consumption. METHODS Cross-sectional population-based study including 2863 women and 2546 men aged 35-75 years (CoLaus study). Alcohol intake was assessed by the reported alcohol consumption of the last 7 days. Nineteen candidate genes known to influence HDL levels were studied. RESULTS Alcohol consumption increased HDL cholesterol levels in both genders. After multivariate adjustment for gender, age, body mass index, smoking, hypolipidaemic drug treatment, physical activity and alcohol consumption, APOA5, CETP, LIPC and LPL gene polymorphisms were significantly (10(-5) threshold) related with HDL cholesterol levels, while no genexalcohol intake interaction was found for all SNPs studied. ABCA1 polymorphisms were related to HDL cholesterol levels on bivariate analysis but the relationship was no longer significant after multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION Our data confirm the association of alcohol consumption and of APOA5, CETP, LIPC and LPL gene polymorphisms with HDL cholesterol levels. Conversely, no genexalcohol consumption interactions were found, suggesting that the effect of alcohol consumption on HDL cholesterol levels is not mediated via a modulation of HDL related genes.
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Effects of V279F in the Lp-PLA(2) gene on markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in Koreans. Clin Chim Acta 2010; 411:486-93. [PMID: 20080080 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2009.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2009] [Revised: 12/28/2009] [Accepted: 12/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), V279F, in the lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) (Lp-PLA(2)) gene is known to influence enzyme activity. It is unclear whether Lp-PLA(2) exerts pro- or antiatherogenic effects in humans. We investigated the interplay between V279F, Lp-PLA(2) activity, oxidative stress and inflammation. METHODS We genotyped 2914 healthy Koreans (43-79years) for the Lp-PLA(2) V279F and measured anthropometric parameters, lipid profile, fatty acid composition, lipid peroxides, inflammatory markers and Lp-PLA(2) levels. RESULTS Lp-PLA(2) activity was 24% lower in V/F subjects (n=641) than in those with the V/V genotype (n=2227). Enzyme activity was undetectable in F/F subjects. Lp-PLA(2) activity was positively correlated with LDL-cholesterol (r=0.134, P<0.001), ox-LDL (r=0.064, P<0.01), 8-epi-PGF(2alpha) (r=0.198, P<0.001), free fatty acid (r=0.082, P<0.001), and fibrinogen (r=0.112, P<0.01) levels. Additionally, ox-LDL, 8-epi-PGF(2alpha), free fatty acid, and fibrinogen levels were positively correlated with hs-CRP. V279F was associated with LDL-cholesterol and arachidonic acid (AA) in serum phospholipid. F/F subjects had lower LDL-cholesterol than V/V subjects (V/V: 120.9+/-0.69, V/F: 119.4+/-1.26, F/F: 109.2+/-4.84mg/dl, P=0.025). A significant association between the F/F genotype and increasing AA in serum phospholipids was found in subjects with high LDL-cholesterol (> or =130mg/dl) (P=0.003) but not in those with low LDL-cholesterol (<130mg/dl). F/F subjects in the high LDL-cholesterol group had CRP concentrations about three times higher than those with V/V or V/F genotypes (V/V: 1.25+/-0.09, V/F: 0.97+/-0.12, F/F: 3.20+/-0.88mg/dl, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The recessive effects of Lp-PLA(2) V279F on LDL-cholesterol and significant correlations between Lp-PLA(2) activity and LDL-cholesterol, 8-epi-PGF(2alpha) and fibrinogen support a pro-oxidative or pro-atherogenic role for this enzyme. Paradoxically, the combination of the complete deficiency of Lp-PLA(2) activity and high LDL-cholesterol enhanced lipid peroxidation and inflammation.
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Oosterveer DM, Versmissen J, Yazdanpanah M, Defesche JC, Kastelein JJP, Sijbrands EJG. The risk of tendon xanthomas in familial hypercholesterolaemia is influenced by variation in genes of the reverse cholesterol transport pathway and the low-density lipoprotein oxidation pathway. Eur Heart J 2009; 31:1007-12. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehp538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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Candidate genetic analysis of plasma high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and severity of coronary atherosclerosis. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2009; 10:111. [PMID: 19878569 PMCID: PMC2775733 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-10-111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2009] [Accepted: 10/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Plasma level of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), a heritable trait, is an important determinant of susceptibility to atherosclerosis. Non-synonymous and regulatory single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes implicated in HDL-C synthesis and metabolism are likely to influence plasma HDL-C, apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) levels and severity of coronary atherosclerosis. Methods We genotyped 784 unrelated Caucasian individuals from two sets of populations (Lipoprotein and Coronary Atherosclerosis Study- LCAS, N = 333 and TexGen, N = 451) for 94 SNPs in 42 candidate genes by 5' nuclease assays. We tested the distribution of the phenotypes by the Shapiro-Wilk normality test. We used Box-Cox regression to analyze associations of the non-normally distributed phenotypes (plasma HDL-C and apo A-I levels) with the genotypes. We included sex, age, body mass index (BMI), diabetes mellitus (DM), and cigarette smoking as covariates. We calculated the q values as indicators of the false positive discovery rate (FDR). Results Plasma HDL-C levels were associated with sex (higher in females), BMI (inversely), smoking (lower in smokers), DM (lower in those with DM) and SNPs in APOA5, APOC2, CETP, LPL and LIPC (each q ≤0.01). Likewise, plasma apo A-I levels, available in the LCAS subset, were associated with SNPs in CETP, APOA5, and APOC2 as well as with BMI, sex and age (all q values ≤0.03). The APOA5 variant S19W was also associated with minimal lumen diameter (MLD) of coronary atherosclerotic lesions, a quantitative index of severity of coronary atherosclerosis (q = 0.018); mean number of coronary artery occlusions (p = 0.034) at the baseline and progression of coronary atherosclerosis, as indicated by the loss of MLD. Conclusion Putatively functional variants of APOA2, APOA5, APOC2, CETP, LPL, LIPC and SOAT2 are independent genetic determinants of plasma HDL-C levels. The non-synonymous S19W SNP in APOA5 is also an independent determinant of plasma apo A-I level, severity of coronary atherosclerosis and its progression.
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Kaestner S, Patsouras N, Spathas DH, Flordellis CS, Manolis AS. Lack of association between the cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene--TaqIB polymorphism and coronary restenosis following percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and stenting: a pilot study. Angiology 2009; 61:338-43. [PMID: 19815603 DOI: 10.1177/0003319709348297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most widely studied variation at the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene locus is a silent base change called the Thermobius aquaticus IB (TaqIB) polymorphism. TaqIB has been shown to affect levels/activity of CETP, plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and to contribute to the risk of developing atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease (CHD). Ongoing studies are investigating possible associations between CETP gene polymorphisms and the development of coronary restenosis following percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and stenting. METHODS AND RESULTS The primary objective of the present study was to investigate the frequency of TaqIB-polymorphism, and a possible association with post-PTCA coronary restenosis, in 204 Greek patients who had undergone PTCA and stenting. As a secondary objective, the analysis was extended to explore possible interacting or additive effects by various CHD risk factors, and a deletion in the alpha(2B)-adrenergic receptor gene. The frequency of TaqIB was 54%, similar to the frequency of the polymorphism in a group of 35 healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS The results from this study do not indicate that the TaqIB variation at the CETP gene locus is a significant predictor for assessing the risk of developing coronary restenosis following PTCA and stenting. This result was not affected when considering any one of the additionally studied factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Kaestner
- Department of Pharmacology, Patras University School of Medicine, Rio, Patras, Greece
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Tanrikulu S, Ademoglu E, Gurdol F, Mutlu-Turkoglu U, Bilge AK, Nisanci Y. Association of cholesteryl ester transfer protein −629C > A polymorphism with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in coronary artery disease patients. Cell Biochem Funct 2009; 27:452-7. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.1593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Hodoglugil U, Williamson DW, Mahley RW. Polymorphisms in the hepatic lipase gene affect plasma HDL-cholesterol levels in a Turkish population. J Lipid Res 2009; 51:422-30. [PMID: 19734193 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p001578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the hepatic lipase gene (LIPC) on plasma HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in Turks, a population with low levels of HDL-C. All exons and six evolutionarily conserved regions from 28 Turkish subjects were sequenced. We found 51 SNPs, nine of which were novel. Those 51 SNPs and SNPs from the National Center for Biotechnology Information dbSNP were evaluated by bioinformatics approaches. The population frequencies and linkage disequilibrium among SNPs from HapMap were combined with results from transcriptional factor prediction tools and the literature to select SNPs for genotyping. We found that five tagging LIPC SNPs, two reported here for the first time, were significantly associated with plasma HDL-C levels in both men and women (n = 2,612). These results were replicated in a separate Turkish cohort (n = 1,164). Plasma HDL-C levels were higher in subjects homozygous for the minor alleles of rs4775041, rs1800588 (-514C>T), and rs11858164 and lower in subjects homozygous for the minor alleles of rs11856322 and rs2242061. These SNPs seemed to have independent and additive effects on plasma HDL-C levels (1.5-5.2 mg/dl). Hepatic lipase activity in a subset (n = 260) of the main cohort was also significantly associated with all five SNPs. Thus, five LIPC SNPs, two novel, are associated with plasma HDL-C levels and hepatic lipase activity in two cohorts of Turkish subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugur Hodoglugil
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Zemunik T, Boban M, Lauc G, Janković S, Rotim K, Vatavuk Z, Bencić G, Dogas Z, Boraska V, Torlak V, Susac J, Zobić I, Rudan D, Pulanić D, Modun D, Mudnić I, Gunjaca G, Budimir D, Hayward C, Vitart V, Wright AF, Campbell H, Rudan I. Genome-wide association study of biochemical traits in Korcula Island, Croatia. Croat Med J 2009; 50:23-33. [PMID: 19260141 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2009.50.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To identify genetic variants underlying biochemical traits--total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, albumin, and fibrinogen, in a genome-wide association study in an isolated population where rare variants of larger effect may be more easily identified. METHODS The study included 944 adult inhabitants of the island of Korcula, as a part of larger DNA-based genetic epidemiological study in 2007. Biochemical measurements were performed in a single laboratory with stringent internal and external quality control procedures. Examinees were genotyped using Human Hap370CNV chip by Illumina, with a genome-wide scan containing 346027 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). RESULTS A total of 31 SNPs were associated with 7 investigated traits at the level of P<1.00 x 10(-5). Nine of SNPs implicated the role of SLC2A9 in uric acid regulation (P=4.10 x 10(-6)-2.58 x 10(-12)), as previously found in other populations. All 22 remaining associations fell into the P=1.00 x 10(-5)-1.00 x 10(-6) significance range. One of them replicated the association between cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and HDL, and 7 associations were more than 100 kilobases away from the closest known gene. Nearby SNPs, rs4767631 and rs10444502, in gene kinase suppressor of ras 2 (KSR2) on chromosome 12 were associated with LDL cholesterol levels, and rs10444502 in the same gene with total cholesterol levels. Similarly, rs2839619 in gene PBX/knotted 1 homeobox 1 (PKNOX1) on chromosome 21 was associated with total and LDL cholesterol levels. The remaining 9 findings implied possible associations between phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) gene and total cholesterol; USP46, RAP1GDS1, and ZCCHC16 genes and triglycerides; BCAT1 and SLC14A2 genes and albumin; and NR3C2, GRIK2, and PCSK2 genes and fibrinogen. CONCLUSION Although this study was underpowered for most of the reported associations to reach formal threshold of genome-wide significance under the assumption of independent multiple testing, replications of previous findings and consistency of association between the identified variants and more than one studied trait make such findings interesting for further functional follow-up studies. Changed allele frequencies in isolate population may contribute to identifying variants that would not be easily identified in much larger samples in outbred populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatijana Zemunik
- University of Split School of Medicine, Soltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
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Abstract
Despite tremendous progress made in the management of CHD, a significant number of fatal and nonfatal CHD events still occur, which leads researchers to target other modifiable risk factors for CHD including low HDL-c (high density lipoprotein cholesterol). Although the torcetrapib experience was a major blow to CETP inhibition and indeed to the entire field of HDL-targeted therapeutics, it was not fatal. The off-target effects of torcetrapib appear to be substantial and may have overridden any potential cardiovascular benefit. Despite continued uncertainty regarding the cardiovascular implications of genetic CETP deficiency and pharmacologic CETP inhibition, there remain reasons to believe in the mechanism and the possibility that clean CETP inhibitors will not only improve plasma lipids but also reduce cardiovascular risk.
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Ridker PM, Paré G, Parker AN, Zee RYL, Miletich JP, Chasman DI. Polymorphism in the CETP gene region, HDL cholesterol, and risk of future myocardial infarction: Genomewide analysis among 18 245 initially healthy women from the Women's Genome Health Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 2:26-33. [PMID: 20031564 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.108.817304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent trial data have challenged the hypothesis that cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) have causal roles in atherothrombosis. One method to evaluate this issue is to examine whether polymorphisms in the CETP gene that impact on HDL-C levels also impact on the future development of myocardial infarction. METHODS AND RESULTS In a prospective cohort of 18 245 initially healthy American women, we examined over 350 000 singe-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) first to identify loci associated with HDL-C and then to evaluate whether significant SNPs within these loci also impact on rates of incident myocardial infarction during an average 10-year follow-up period. Nine loci on 9 chromosomes had 1 or more SNPs associated with HDL-C at genome-wide statistical significance (P<5x10(-8)). However, only SNPs near or in the CETP gene at 16q13 were associated with both HDL-C and risk of incident myocardial infarction (198 events). For example, SNP rs708272 in the CETP gene was associated with a per-allele increase in HDL-C levels of 3.1 mg/dL and a concordant 24% lower risk of future myocardial infarction (age-adjusted hazard ratio, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.94), consistent with recent meta-analysis. Independent and again concordant effects on HDL-C and incident myocardial infarction were also observed at the CETP locus for rs4329913 and rs7202364. Adjustment for HDL-C attenuated but did not eliminate these effects. CONCLUSIONS In this prospective cohort of initially healthy women, SNPs at the CETP locus impact on future risk of myocardial infarction, supporting a causal role for CETP in atherothrombosis, possibly through an HDL-C mediated pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Ridker
- Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, The Donald W Reynolds Center for Cardiovascular Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass., USA
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Padmaja N, Kumar RM, Balachander J, Adithan C. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein TaqIB, -629C>A and I405V polymorphisms and risk of coronary heart disease in an Indian population. Clin Chim Acta 2009; 402:139-45. [PMID: 19168039 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2008.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Revised: 12/24/2008] [Accepted: 12/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymorphisms in cholesteryl ester protein gene have been linked to risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in many world populations through their effect on reverse cholesterol transport. METHODS Five hundred four (504) unrelated electrocardiograph confirmed cases of CHD and 338 population based controls, matched by age and gender, belonging to the Tamilian population of south India were genotyped for polymorphisms in CETP gene using PCR RFLP methods. RESULTS The multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that CETP B1B1 and CA genotypes of TaqIB and -629C>A were significantly associated with increased risk for CHD (odds ratio (OR) 2.7; 95% confidence intervals (CI) (1.5-3.3); OR 1.5 (1.1-2.4)) respectively. Combined wild genotypes of CETP gene showed an association with CHD (OR-1.7 (1.0-2.9) as well as the combined heterozygous mutants (OR 1.5 (1.0-2.3); p-0.03). Subgroup analysis based on gender revealed that men harboring CETP B1B1 and CA genotypes have a significant risk for CHD B1B1- 2.7 (1.7-4.3), CA-1.8 (1.3-2.6). There was no link between CETP I450V polymorphism and CHD. Analysis based on hypertensive status showed a significant association between these polymorphisms and non hypertensive CHD patients. CONCLUSIONS The risk in non hypertensive and male CHD patients is higher in the presence of CETP B1B1 and CA genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Padmaja
- Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry-605 006, India.
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Pillois X, Phuong Do Thi N, Reynaud A, Benchimol D, Lagrost L, Bonnet J. TaqIB polymorphism in cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) gene predicts future cardiovascular death in patients experiencing an acute coronary syndrome. Clin Chem Lab Med 2009; 47:1039-46. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2009.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Rejeb J, Omezzine A, Rebhi L, Naffeti I, Kchok K, Belkahla R, Bel Hadjmbarek I, Ben Rejeb N, Nabli N, Boujelbene A, Ben Abdelaziz A, Boughzala E, Bouslama A. Association of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein Taq1 B2B2 genotype with higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations and lower risk of coronary artery disease in a Tunisian population. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2008; 101:629-36. [PMID: 19056069 DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2008.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2008] [Revised: 09/11/2008] [Accepted: 09/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) in the development of atherosclerosis is undergoing debate. AIMS In this prospective study, we sought to explore the role of the CETP Taq1B variant in coronary artery disease risk, and its association with plasma lipid and apolipoprotein concentrations. METHODS DNA was extracted from 316 patients undergoing coronary angiography. The Taq1B polymorphism was genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Lipid and apolipoprotein concentrations were measured by enzymatic and nephelometric assays. RESULTS In our study population, the B2 allele frequency was 0.29. B2 allele carriers had a significantly higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration than those with the B1B1 genotype (1.041+/-0.294 versus 0.995+/-0.277; p=0.039). After adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidaemia, the odds ratio (OR) for significant stenosis associated with the B2 allele was 0.82 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.60-0.97; p=0.039), suggesting that the B2 allele is associated with an 18% lower risk of significant stenosis. This protective effect seemed to be more significant in male nonsmokers (38% lower risk; OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.29-0.92; p=0.029). No significant protective effects were observed in women or male smokers. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that the B2 allele is associated with higher concentrations of HDL-C, which confer a protective effect with regard to coronary atherosclerosis. This effect seems to be more significant in men than in women and in nonsmokers than in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihène Rejeb
- Biochemistry Department, UR MSP28/04, Sahloul University Hospital, 4054 Sousse, Tunisia
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Meiner V, Friedlander Y, Milo H, Sharon N, Ben-Avi L, Shpitzen S, Leitersdorf E, Siscovick DS, Schwartz SM. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) genetic variation and early onset of non-fatal myocardial infarction. Ann Hum Genet 2008; 72:732-41. [PMID: 18637884 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-1809.2008.00464.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Although Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) mediates the transfer of cholesteryl esters and triglycerides between lipoprotein particles and thus plays a crucial role in reverse cholesterol transport, the association of variations in the CETP gene with acute myocardial infarction (MI) remains unclear. In this study we examined whether common genetic variation in the CETP gene is related to early-onset non-fatal MI risk in a population-based case-control study from western Washington State. Genotyping for the CETP -2708 G/A, -971 A/G, -629 A/C, Intron-I TaqI G/A and exon-14 A/G (I405V) SNPs was performed in 578 cases with first acute non-fatal MI and in 666 demographically similar controls, free of clinical cardiovascular disease, identified randomly from the community. In-person interviews and non-fasting blood specimens provided data on coronary heart disease risk factors. In men, there was little evidence for an association between single SNPs and MI risk, but in women the age- and race-adjusted OR was found to be significant in 4 out of the 5 CETP single variants. Haplotype analysis revealed two haplotypes associated with MI risk among men. As compared to men homozygous for the most common haplotype D (-2708 G, -971 G, -629 C, TaqI G and exon-14 A), the fully-adjusted multiplicative model identified haplotype G (-2708 G, -971 A, -629 A, TaqI G and exon-14 G) was associated with a 4.0-6.0-fold increased risk of MI for each additional copy; [95%CI 2.4-14.8] and haplotype B (-2708 G, -971 G, -629 A, TaqI A and exon-14 A) showed a significant decreased risk for early onset MI [OR = 0.18; 95%CI 0.04 - 0.75]. An evolutionary-based haplotype analysis indicated that the two haplotypes associated with the MI risk are most evolutionarily divergent from the other haplotypes. Variation at the CETP gene locus is associated with the risk of early-onset non-fatal MI. This association was found to be independent of HDL-C levels. These data and the sex-specific findings require confirmation in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Meiner
- Department of Human Genetics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
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Vourvouhaki E, Dedoussis GV. Cholesterol ester transfer protein: a therapeutic target in atherosclerosis? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2008; 12:937-48. [DOI: 10.1517/14728222.12.8.937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Palmen J, Smith AJP, Dorfmeister B, Putt W, Humphries SE, Talmud PJ. The functional interaction on in vitro gene expression of APOA5 SNPs, defining haplotype APOA52, and their paradoxical association with plasma triglyceride but not plasma apoAV levels. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2008; 1782:447-52. [PMID: 18395529 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2008.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2008] [Revised: 02/27/2008] [Accepted: 03/12/2008] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Plasma triglyceride (TG) and apoAV levels are reported to be positively correlated, yet SNPs defining haplotype APOA52 have consistently shown association with elevated plasma triglyceride (TG) but not plasma apoAV levels. We previously reported that individually -1131T>C, -3A>G and +1891T>C did not influence luciferase activity or in vitro translation efficiency. To investigate the combined effect of these SNPs additional constructs were examined. Compared to the wildtype -1131T/-3A/+1891T (TAT), the triple rare allele construct -1131C/-3G/+1891C (CGC) conferred 46% lower luciferase activity (p<0.0001), showing these SNPs are acting co-operatively. Although only these two combinations occur in vivo, we experimentally altered the TAT construct one site at a time; -3G (TGT) had the largest effect (94% lower luciferase), with lesser effects from CAT (-77%) and TAC (-70.3%) (all p<0.0001). Deletion constructs excluding one site at a time showed that -3G/1891C ( -GC) in combination, compared to -AT, was having the largest effect on luciferase activity (-59%, p=0.055). Using sequence homology and EMSA analysis no transcription factor binding at -1131 or +1891 was identified, though +1891 lies within a putative mRNA stability motif. Taken together, these data identify -3A>G in the Kozak sequence as functional, affecting translation initiation and driving the haplotype effects, while showing interaction with +1891T>C and to a lesser extent -1131T>C. A paradox arises since these results predict that APOA52 will lead to reduced apoAV with concomitant reduced LPL activation or lipoprotein-receptor interaction, resulting in higher plasma TG levels. We conclude that APOA5 expression, and not circulating plasma apoAV levels, is causatively associated with plasma TG levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jutta Palmen
- Division of Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Medicine, University College London, 5 University Street, London WC1E 6JF, UK
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Tsai MY, Johnson C, Kao WHL, Sharrett AR, Arends VL, Kronmal R, Jenny NS, Jacobs DR, Arnett D, O'Leary D, Post W. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein genetic polymorphisms, HDL cholesterol, and subclinical cardiovascular disease in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2008; 200:359-67. [PMID: 18243217 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2007] [Revised: 11/28/2007] [Accepted: 12/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) plays a key role in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism. Genetic variants that alter CETP activity and concentration may cause significant alterations in HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration; however, controversies remain about whether these genetic variants are associated with atherosclerosis. We genotyped the CETP R451Q, A373P, -629C/A, Taq1B, and -2505C/A polymorphisms in a cohort of Caucasian, Chinese, African-American, and Hispanic individuals within the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Genotypes were examined in relationship to HDL-C, CETP activity, CETP concentration, and three measures of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD): coronary artery calcium (CAC) measured by fast CT scanning, carotid intimal-medial thickness (IMT), and carotid artery plaque measured by ultrasonography. Carriers of the 451Q and 373P alleles have a significantly higher CETP concentration (22.4% and 19.5%, respectively; p<0.001) and activity (13.1% and 9.4%, respectively; p<0.01) and lower HDL-C (5.6% and 6.0%, respectively; p<0.05). The minor alleles of the R451Q and A373P polymorphisms are associated with the presence of CAC, even after adjusting for CVD risk factors and HDL-C (p=0.006 and p=0.01, respectively). The R451Q polymorphism is also associated with presence of carotid artery plaque (p=0.036). Polymorphism is associated with neither common nor internal carotid IMT. We confirmed that the -629A, Taq1B B2, and -2505A alleles are significantly associated with lower CETP concentration (20.8%, 25.0%, and 23.7%, respectively; p<0.001) and activity (14.8%, 19.8%, and 18.4%, respectively; p<0.001) and higher HDL-C concentration (9.7%, 11.5%, and 10.4%, respectively; p<0.01). However, we did not find any associations between these non-coding polymorphisms and subclinical CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Y Tsai
- Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
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Meena K, Misra A, Pandey R, Luthra K. CETP TaqIB polymorphisms and CETP activity in normolipidemic healthy northern Indians. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2007.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Li TY, Zhang C, Asselbergs FW, Qi L, Rimm E, Hunter DJ, Hu FB. Interaction between dietary fat intake and the cholesterol ester transfer protein TaqIB polymorphism in relation to HDL-cholesterol concentrations among US diabetic men. Am J Clin Nutr 2007; 86:1524-9. [PMID: 17991668 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/86.5.1524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A low plasma HDL-cholesterol concentration is a major characteristic of diabetic dyslipidemia. HDL concentrations are determined by both environmental factors and genetic factors. Cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) plays an important role in the regulation of HDL metabolism, and the TaqIB polymorphism of the CETP gene has been associated with elevated HDL concentrations. OBJECTIVE We examined the association between the CETP TaqIB polymorphism and plasma HDL concentrations and evaluated whether this association was modified by dietary fat intake. DESIGN We followed 780 diabetic men aged 40-75 y who participated in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study since its initiation in 1986. The participants had confirmed type 2 diabetes and were free of cardiovascular disease at the time blood was drawn. RESULTS After adjustment for age, smoking, alcohol consumption, fasting status, hemoglobin A(1c), physical activity, total energy intake, and body mass index, HDL concentrations were significantly higher in men with the B2B2 or B1B2 genotype than in those with the B1B1 genotype (adjusted x +/- SE: 37.9 +/- 0.02, 40.3 +/- 0.01, and 42.6 +/- 0.02 mg/dL for B1B1, B1B2, and B2B2, respectively; P for trend = 0.0004). This inverse association of the B1 allele with plasma HDL concentrations existed for those with a high consumption of animal fat (P for interaction = 0.02), saturated fat (P for interaction = 0.02), and monounsaturated fat (P for interaction = 0.04). CONCLUSION These data confirmed a significant effect of the CETP Taq1 gene on HDL concentrations and suggested a potential interaction between the CETP TaqIB polymorphism and intake of dietary fat on plasma HDL concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tricia Y Li
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Vakili S, Caudill MA. Personalized nutrition: nutritional genomics as a potential tool for targeted medical nutrition therapy. Nutr Rev 2007; 65:301-15. [PMID: 17695371 DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2007.tb00308.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
An emerging goal of medical nutrition therapy is to tailor dietary advice to an individual's genetic profile. In the United States and elsewhere, "nutrigenetic" services are available over the Internet without the direct involvement of a health care professional. Among the genetic variants most commonly assessed by these companies are those found in genes that influence cardiovascular disease risk. However, the interpretation of DNA-based data is complex. The goal of this paper is to carefully examine nutritional genomics as a potential tool for targeted medical nutrition therapy. The approach is to use heart health susceptibility genes and their common genetic variants as the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Vakili
- Human Nutrition and Food Science Department, Cal Poly Pomona, 3801 W. Temple Ave., Pomona, CA 91768, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review focuses on recent progress towards the characterization of genetic variations that contribute to interindividual variation in plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the general population. RECENT FINDINGS Many of the genes that harbor rare mutations leading to extreme high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels contain common variation that influences plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in several study populations. Candidate gene association studies provide evidence that some of these variations have an effect on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, dependent on epistatic interactions or environmental context. Both rare and common variations contribute to interindividual high-density lipoprotein cholesterol variation. Recent comparisons of candidate gene sequences between individuals in the tails of the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol distributions (the upper or lower 1-5%) of several study populations indicate that as many as 20% of individuals with low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol harbor a rare mutation in an investigated gene. For example, the ABCA1 gene region harbors rare mutations and common variants that contribute to interindividual high-density lipoprotein cholesterol variation in the general population. SUMMARY The genetic control of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level is complex. Maximizing the utility of genetic knowledge for predicting an individual's high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level or response to intervention will require a better understanding of the action of combinations of genetic variants and environmental exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy L E Klos
- aHuman Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77225, USA.
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Hsieh MC, Tien KJ, Chang SJ, Lo CS, Hsin SC, Hsiao JY, Hsu SC, Liang HT, Chen HC, Shin SJ, Lin SR. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein B1B1 genotype as a predictor of coronary artery disease in Taiwanese with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabolism 2007; 56:745-50. [PMID: 17512305 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2006.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2006] [Accepted: 12/19/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is known to be a high-risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD), and lipid abnormalities have been found to possibly contribute to CAD in diabetic patients. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene TaqIB polymorphism is associated with lipid profile variability, and this polymorphism may be a risk factor for CAD in diabetic patients. To clarify the relationship between CETP TaqIB gene polymorphism and CAD, we enrolled in our study 365 Taiwanese with type 2 diabetes mellitus (101 with CAD and 264 without CAD). The genotype of the subjects for TaqIB polymorphism of CETP in intron 1 was analyzed by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The CETP B1B1 genotype (18.8% vs 8.5%, P = .002) and B1 allele (42.1% vs 29.7%, P = .002) were significantly more frequent in diabetic patients with CAD than those without CAD. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the CETP B1B1 genotype was associated with CAD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (odds ratio, 3.18; 95% confidence interval, 1.54-6.54; P = .002). Interestingly, in diabetic patients, serum creatinine levels higher than 1.4 mg/dL were also associated with increased risk for CAD (odds ratio, 2.09; 95% confidence interval, 1.12-3.91; P = .02). Our results suggest that the CETP B1B1 genotype is a strong genetic predictor of CAD in Taiwanese with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chia Hsieh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Dedoussis GV, Panagiotakos DB, Louizou E, Mantoglou I, Chrysohoou C, Lamnisou K, Pitsavos C, Stefanadis C. Cholesteryl ester-transfer protein (CETP) polymorphism and the association of acute coronary syndromes by obesity status in Greek subjects: the CARDIO2000-GENE study. Hum Hered 2007; 63:155-61. [PMID: 17310124 DOI: 10.1159/000099827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2006] [Accepted: 10/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) regulates plasma lipid distribution. The present study aimed to investigate whether the CETP gene (Taq1B) polymorphism predisposes to Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) depending on obesity status. METHODS We studied demographic, lifestyle and clinical information in 237 hospitalized patients (185 males) with a first event of an ACS and 237 controls matched by age and sex. CETP Taq1B genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP analysis. RESULTS Overall, the CETP genotype frequencies were, in patients: 14% (n = 33), 35% (n = 83) and 51% (n = 121) and in controls: 17% (n = 39), 33% (n = 78) and 50% (n = 120) for B2B2, B1B1 and B1B2 respectively (p = 0.72). A significant interaction (p for interaction <0.001) was observed between obesity status and CETP concerning the likelihood of having ACS. Therefore, we stratified our analysis by obesity status and observed that B2B2 was associated with a 0.27 times lower likelihood of having ACS among normal-weight people (OR = 0.27, p = 0.02). No significant relationships were observed among overweight or obese participants. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide evidence of a protective effect of the B2B2 genotype of the CETP Taq1B polymorphism on the likelihood of having a first event of ACS in normal-weight persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- George V Dedoussis
- Department of Dietetics - Nutrition, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
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Daneshpour MS, Hedayati M, Azizi F. TaqI B1/B2 and -629A/C cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene polymorphisms and their association with CETP activity and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in a Tehranian population. Part of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS). Genet Mol Biol 2007. [DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572007000600001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Tsujita Y, Nakamura Y, Zhang Q, Tamaki S, Nozaki A, Amamoto K, Kadowaki T, Kita Y, Okamura T, Horie M, Ueshima H. The association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level and cholesteryl ester transfer protein TaqIB gene polymorphism is influenced by alcohol drinking in a population-based sample. Atherosclerosis 2006; 191:199-205. [PMID: 16674961 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2006.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2005] [Revised: 03/08/2006] [Accepted: 03/15/2006] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is a key enzyme in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol metabolism. We studied the association between CETP TaqIB polymorphism and the HDL cholesterol levels considering environmental factors in a population-based sample consisting of 1729 participants who did not use lipid-lowering agents (659 men and 1070 women). The CETP TaqIB genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP analysis. The serum HDL cholesterol levels of female participants with the B2B2 genotype were significantly higher than those with other genotypes (p<0.001). Multiple regression analysis with covariates such as age, waist to hip (W/H) ratio, alcohol drinking, current smoking, non-HDL cholesterol, and logarithm of triglyceride revealed that the CETP TaqIB genotype was an independent determinant of HDL cholesterol levels in men (p=0.049) and women (p<0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that an interaction was observed between the CETP TaqIB polymorphism and alcohol consumption in the regulation of HDL cholesterol levels in men (p=0.049) and women (p=0.022). No interactions were observed between the CETP TaqIB polymorphism and current smoking status, body mass index, or W/H ratio in the regulation of HDL cholesterol levels. The association between the CETP TaqIB polymorphism and HDL cholesterol levels was more evident in alcohol consumers than in non-drinkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Tsujita
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
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Hodoglugil U, Tanyolaç S, Williamson DW, Huang Y, Mahley RW. Apolipoprotein A-V: a potential modulator of plasma triglyceride levels in Turks. J Lipid Res 2006; 47:144-53. [PMID: 16258166 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m500343-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The apolipoprotein A-V gene (APOA5) plays an important role in determining plasma triglyceride levels. We studied the effects of APOA5 polymorphisms on plasma triglyceride levels in Turks, a population with low levels of HDL cholesterol and a high prevalence of coronary artery disease. We found 15 polymorphisms, three of which were novel. Seven haplotype-tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were chosen and genotyped in approximately 3,000 subjects. The rare alleles of the -1464T>C, -1131T>C, S19W, and 1259T>C SNPs were significantly associated with increased triglyceride levels (19-86 mg/dl; P < 0.05) and had clear gene-dose effects. Haplotype analysis of the nine common APOA5 haplotypes revealed significant effects on triglyceride levels (P < 0.001). Detailed analysis of haplotypes clearly showed that the -1464T>C polymorphism had no effect by itself but was a marker for the -1131T>C, S19W, and 1259T>C polymorphisms. The -1131T>C and 1259T>C polymorphisms were in a strong but incomplete linkage disequilibrium and appeared to have independent effects. Thus, the APOA5 -1131T>C, S19W, and 1259T>C rare alleles were associated with significant increases in plasma triglyceride levels. At least one of these alleles was present in approximately 40% of the Turks. Similar associations were observed for -1131T>C and S19W in white Americans living in San Francisco, California.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugur Hodoglugil
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Hodoğlugil U, Williamson DW, Huang Y, Mahley RW. An interaction between the TaqIB polymorphism of cholesterol ester transfer protein and smoking is associated with changes in plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in Turks. Clin Genet 2005; 68:118-27. [PMID: 15996208 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2005.00467.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. We investigated the effects of the TaqIB polymorphism of cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) on CETP activity and plasma HDL-C levels in random nondiabetic and self-reported diabetic subjects in a population with very low HDL-C levels. The rare B2B2 genotype was associated with significantly higher HDL-C levels and lower CETP activity in random subjects and with higher HDL-C in diabetic subjects. After stratification of random subjects by smoking status, the common B1B1 genotype was associated with lower HDL-C levels than the B2B2 genotype. Although smoking was associated with lower HDL-C, especially in men, HDL-C levels between smokers and nonsmokers were not different in subjects with the B1B2 or B2B2 genotypes. However, smoking (20+ cigarettes/day) was associated with a marked reduction in HDL-C in the B1B1 subjects. The B1B1/smoking interaction was not reflected in a difference in CETP activity. High triglycerides and elevated body mass index (BMI) lower HDL-C. The B2B2 genotype was associated with the highest HDL-C levels, and these levels were significantly lower in the hypertriglyceridemic subjects (>or=50th percentile). The lowest HDL-C levels were seen in hypertriglyceridemic subjects with the B1B1 genotype. Although BMI (>or=50th vs<50th percentile) did not affect HDL-C in B2B2 subjects, a high BMI was associated with markedly lower HDL-C in B1B1 subjects. Thus, HDL-C levels in Turks may be modulated by an interaction between the CETP TaqIB polymorphism and smoking, as well as an interaction with hypertriglyceridemia and BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Hodoğlugil
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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Zheng K, Zhang S, Zhang L, He Y, Liao L, Hou Y, Huang D. Carriers of three polymorphisms of cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene are at increased risk to coronary heart disease in a Chinese population. Int J Cardiol 2005; 103:259-65. [PMID: 16098387 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2004.08.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2004] [Revised: 07/25/2004] [Accepted: 08/01/2004] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is a key participant in the reverse transport of cholesterol from the peripheral tissue to the liver and the polymorphism in the CETP gene may therefore alter the susceptibility to coronary heart disease (CHD). The aim of the present study was to screen the CETP gene for new single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and to determine whether SNPs at important cholesterol metabolism gene loci might exert effects on the risk to CHD in Chinese. METHODS Genomic DNA samples were collected from 203 Chinese patients with CHD and 209 age- and gender-matched controls. The coding region, adjacent intronic sequences and promoter region (totally 5501 bp) of the CETP gene were screened based on a combination of polymerase chain reaction, denaturing high performance liquid chromatography and DNA sequencing. The association of individual single nucleotide polymorphisms with CHD was assessed by univariate, multivariate analysis and haplotype analysis. RESULTS Fifteen SNPs were identified in the CETP gene including 12 novel ones, of which, 3 were in promoter region, 1 in exon 10, and other 9 in introns. The frequencies of -644C, +13054T, 296Q, and 442G alleles were considerably higher, while the frequency of +9907A allele lower, in CHD patients than those in controls (p=0.016, p=0.043, p=0.006, p=0.006, and p=0.029, respectively). The results of individual polymorphism analyses were confirmed by haplotype analysis for the combination of these 5 SNPs. The -644A/C, L296Q, and D442G polymorphisms were found to be associated with CHD in this Chinese population by multivariate analysis (p=0.009, p=0.024, and p=0.007, respectively). The adjusted odds ratio for the development of CHD for the -644C allele carriers was 1.63 compared with -644AA genotype (95% CI 1.05-2.78; p<0.01), 1.71 for the 296Q allele carriers relative to 296LL genotype (95% CI 1.10-2.89; p<0.05), and 1.31 for the 442G allele carriers relative to 442DD genotype (95% CI 1.02-2.56; p<0.01), respectively. CONCLUSIONS There is a significant relation between the polymorphisms in the CETP gene and the development of CHD, and individuals homozygous or heterozygous for the -644C, 296Q, and 442G alleles of the CETP gene are at increased risk to develop CHD in this Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqin Zheng
- Department of Medical Genetics, West China Hospital and Division of Human Morbid Genomics, Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Human Diseases of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Abel K, Reneland R, Kammerer S, Mah S, Hoyal C, Cantor CR, Nelson MR, Braun A. Genome-wide SNP association: identification of susceptibility alleles for osteoarthritis. Autoimmun Rev 2005; 5:258-63. [PMID: 16697966 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2005.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The successful identification of genes involved in common human disorders is dependent upon availability of informative sample sets, validated marker panels, a high-throughput scoring technology, and a strategy for combining these resources. We have developed a universal platform based on mass spectrometry (MassARRAY) for analyzing nucleic acids with high precision and accuracy. To fuel this technology we have generated more than 100,000 validated assays for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) covering virtually all known and predicted human genes, and a large DNA sample bank from more than 50,000 consented diseased (case) and healthy (control) individuals. Taking advantage of MassARRAY's capability for quantitative analysis of nucleic acids, allele frequencies are estimated in sample pools containing large numbers of individual DNAs. Comparing frequencies between case and control pools as a first-pass filtering step is a tremendous advantage in throughput and cost over individual genotyping. We have employed this approach in numerous genome-wide association studies to identify genes implicated in common complex diseases, including osteoarthritis (OA). Access to additional patient samples through collaborations allows us to conduct replication studies that validate true disease genes. These discoveries will expand our understanding of genetic disease predisposition, and our capabilities for early diagnosis and improved therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Abel
- SEQUENOM, Inc., 3595 John Hopkins Court, San Diego, CA, USA 92121
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