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Christy MP, Johnson T, McNerlin CD, Woodard J, Nelson AT, Lim B, Hamilton TL, Freiberg KM, Siegel D. Total Synthesis of Micrococcin P1 through Scalable Thiazole Forming Reactions of Cysteine Derivatives and Nitriles. Org Lett 2020; 22:2365-2370. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell P. Christy
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California—San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Trevor Johnson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California—San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Clare D. McNerlin
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California-San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0934, United States
| | - John Woodard
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California-San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0934, United States
| | - Andrew T. Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street, A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
- School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Bryant Lim
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California-San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0934, United States
| | - Tiffany L. Hamilton
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California-San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0934, United States
| | - Kaitlyn M. Freiberg
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California-San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0934, United States
| | - Dionicio Siegel
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California-San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0934, United States
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Tseng CC, Yen WP, Tsai SE, Hu YT, Takayama H, Kuo YH, Fuh Wong F. ZnCl2
-Catalyzed Aza-Diels-Alder Reaction for the Synthesis of 1H
-Pyrazolo[3,4-b
]pyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Chun Tseng
- School of Pharmacy; China Medical University; 40402 Taichung Taiwan
- The PhD Program for Biotech Pharmaceutical Industry; China Medical University; No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Rd. 40402 Taichung Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ping Yen
- School of Pharmacy; China Medical University; 40402 Taichung Taiwan
- The PhD Program for Biotech Pharmaceutical Industry; China Medical University; No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Rd. 40402 Taichung Taiwan
| | - Shuo-En Tsai
- School of Pharmacy; China Medical University; 40402 Taichung Taiwan
- The PhD Program for Biotech Pharmaceutical Industry; China Medical University; No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Rd. 40402 Taichung Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tzu Hu
- Master Program for Pharmaceutical Manufacture; China Medical University; No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Rd. 40402 Taichung Taiwan
| | - Hiroyuki Takayama
- Department of Medico Pharmaceutical Science; Nihon Pharmaceutical University; 10281, Komuro Inamachi, Kita-Adachi-gun Saitama Japan
| | - Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources; College of Chinese Medicine; China Medical University; 40402 Taichung Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology; Asia University; 41354 Taichung Taiwan
| | - Fung Fuh Wong
- School of Pharmacy; China Medical University; 40402 Taichung Taiwan
- The PhD Program for Biotech Pharmaceutical Industry; China Medical University; No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Rd. 40402 Taichung Taiwan
- Master Program for Pharmaceutical Manufacture; China Medical University; No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Rd. 40402 Taichung Taiwan
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3
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Trost BM, Mahapatra S, Hansen M. Palladium-Catalyzed CH Activation of N-Allyl Imines: Regioselective Allylic Alkylations to Deliver Substituted Aza-1,3-Dienes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201501322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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4
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Trost BM, Mahapatra S, Hansen M. Palladium-Catalyzed CH Activation of N-Allyl Imines: Regioselective Allylic Alkylations to Deliver Substituted Aza-1,3-Dienes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:6032-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201501322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Wilson ZE, Fenner S, Ley SV. Total syntheses of linear polythiazole/oxazole plantazolicin A and its biosynthetic precursor plantazolicin B. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:1284-8. [PMID: 25424526 PMCID: PMC4464531 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201410063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Plantazolicin A, a linear decacyclic natural product, exhibits desirable selective activity against the causative agent of anthrax toxicity. The total synthesis of plantazolicin A and its biosynthetic precursor plantazolicin B was successfully achieved by an efficient, unified, and highly convergent route featuring dicyclizations to form 2,4-concatenated oxazoles and the mild synthesis of thiazoles from natural amino acids. This report represents the first synthesis of plantazolicin B and includes the first complete characterization data for both natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe E Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW (UK)
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6
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Wilson ZE, Fenner S, Ley SV. Total Syntheses of Linear Polythiazole/Oxazole Plantazolicin A and Its Biosynthetic Precursor Plantazolicin B. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201410063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Abstract
Thiostrepton, a powerful antibiotic belonging to the thiopeptide class, was synthesized in the laboratory for the first time in 2004 through an arduous campaign involving novel strategies and tactics, scenic detours, and unexpected roadblocks. In this Review the author narrates the long journey to success, not so dissimilar to Odysseus' return voyage to Ithaca, full of adventure, knowledge, and wisdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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9
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Mercey G, Reboul V, Gulea M, Levillain J, Gaumont AC. Synthetic Methodologies for the Preparation of β-Amino Thiols. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Lefranc D, Ciufolini M. Total Synthesis and Stereochemical Assignment of Micrococcin P1. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200900621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Lefranc D, Ciufolini M. Total Synthesis and Stereochemical Assignment of Micrococcin P1. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:4198-201. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200900621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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15
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Mori T, Higashibayashi S, Goto T, Kohno M, Satouchi Y, Shinko K, Suzuki K, Suzuki S, Tohmiya H, Hashimoto K, Nakata M. Total synthesis of siomycin A: construction of synthetic segments. Chem Asian J 2008; 3:984-1012. [PMID: 18464237 DOI: 10.1002/asia.200800032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The five practical segments for the total synthesis of siomycin A, that is, the dehydropiperidine segment A (5), the pentapeptide segment B (3), the dihydroquinoline segment C (6), and the beta-phenylselenoalanine dipeptide segments D (7) and E (4), were synthesized. Segment A (5) was constructed by the coupling of the azomethine ylide and the chiral sulfinimine, followed by the stereoselective reduction of the six-membered imine function. Segment B (3) was synthesized by the phenylselenylation of the beta-lactone, stereoselective vinylzinc addition to the chiral sulfinimine, and oxazoline-thioamide conversion. Segment C (6) was prepared by the one-pot olefination of the tetrahydroquinoline N-oxide using triflic anhydride and triethylamine, stereoselective reduction of the methyl ketone function, and regioselective Yb(OTf)(3)-catalyzed epoxide opening by the amino group. Segments D (7) and E (4) were synthesized by coupling of the properly protected beta-phenylselenoalanines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Mori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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16
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Delgado O, Müller HM, Bach T. Concise total synthesis of the thiazolyl peptide antibiotic GE2270 A. Chemistry 2008; 14:2322-39. [PMID: 18270986 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200701823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The potent antibiotic thiazolylpeptide GE2270 A was synthesized starting from N-tert-butyloxycarbonyl protected valine in a longest linear sequence of 20 steps and with an overall yield of 4.8 %. Key strategy was the assembly of the 2,3,6-trisubstituted pyridine core by consecutive cross-coupling reactions starting from 2,6-dibromo-3-iodopyridine. The complete Southern fragment was installed by Negishi cross-coupling of 3-zincated 2,6-dibromopyridine at the terminal 2-iodothiazole of a trithiazole (87 %). The substituent at C-6 representing the Northern part of the molecule was introduced in form of the truncated tert-butyl 2-bromothiazole-4-carboxylate after metalation to a zinc reagent by another Negishi cross-coupling (48 %). Decisive step of the whole sequence was the macrocyclization to a 29-membered macrolactam, which was conducted as an intramolecular Stille cross-coupling occurring at C-2 of the pyridine core and providing the desired product in 75 % yield. The required stannane was obtained by amide bond formation (87 %) between a complex dithiazole fragment representing the Eastern part of GE2270 A and a 3,6-disubstituted 2-bromopyridine. Final steps included attachment of a serine-proline amide dipeptide to the Northern part of the molecule (65 %), formation of the oxazoline ring and silyl ether deprotection (55 % overall).
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Delgado
- Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie 1, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
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Hughes RA, Moody CJ. From Amino Acids to Heteroaromatics—Thiopeptide Antibiotics, Nature's Heterocyclic Peptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:7930-54. [PMID: 17854013 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200700728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, also serve as precursors to a wide range of other naturally occurring substances including alkaloids, antibiotics, and, the subject of this Review, heterocyclic peptides. Simple alpha-amino acids are converted into complex arrays of heteroaromatic rings that display interesting and potent biological activity. The thiopeptide antibiotics, with their complex molecular architectures, are wonderful examples. In this Review we show how organic chemists have developed innovative methods for the synthesis of the heterocyclic ring systems, including routes inspired by the likely biosynthetic processes, and successfully assembled such building blocks into the final target molecule by application of orthogonal protecting groups and coupling methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael A Hughes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, 0315-Oslo, Norway
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Hughes R, Moody C. Von Aminosäuren zu Heteroarenen – Thiopeptid-Antibiotika als heterocyclische Peptide aus der Natur. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200700728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Nicolaou KC, Zou B, Dethe DH, Li DB, Chen DYK. Total Synthesis of Antibiotics GE2270A and GE2270T. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200602798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Nicolaou KC, Zou B, Dethe DH, Li DB, Chen DYK. Total Synthesis of Antibiotics GE2270A and GE2270T. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:7786-92. [PMID: 17061302 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200602798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Chemical Synthesis Laboratory@Biopolis, Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences (ICES), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 11 Biopolis Way, The Helios Block, Nos. 03-08, Singapore 138667, Singapore
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Abstract
The design and implementation of cascade reactions is a challenging facet of organic chemistry, yet one that can impart striking novelty, elegance, and efficiency to synthetic strategies. The application of cascade reactions to natural products synthesis represents a particularly demanding task, but the results can be both stunning and instructive. This Review highlights selected examples of cascade reactions in total synthesis, with particular emphasis on recent applications therein. The examples discussed herein illustrate the power of these processes in the construction of complex molecules and underscore their future potential in chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Nicolaou KC, Lee SH, Estrada AA, Zak M. Construction of substituted N-hydroxyindoles: synthesis of a nocathiacin I model system. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 44:3736-40. [PMID: 15892095 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200500724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Heckmann G, Bach T. Synthesis of the heterocyclic core of the GE 2270 antibiotics and structure elucidation of a major degradation product. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 44:1199-201. [PMID: 15651011 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200461715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Golo Heckmann
- Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie I, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
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Nicolaou KC, Lee SH, Estrada AA, Zak M. Construction of SubstitutedN-Hydroxyindoles: Synthesis of a Nocathiacin I Model System. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200500724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Heckmann G, Bach T. Aufbau des heterocyclischen Grundgerüsts der GE2270-Antibiotika und Strukturaufklärung eines zentralen Abbauprodukts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200461715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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