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Ali I, Islam MR, Yin J, Eichhorn SJ, Chen J, Karim N, Afroj S. Advances in Smart Photovoltaic Textiles. ACS NANO 2024; 18:3871-3915. [PMID: 38261716 PMCID: PMC10851667 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Energy harvesting textiles have emerged as a promising solution to sustainably power wearable electronics. Textile-based solar cells (SCs) interconnected with on-body electronics have emerged to meet such needs. These technologies are lightweight, flexible, and easy to transport while leveraging the abundant natural sunlight in an eco-friendly way. In this Review, we comprehensively explore the working mechanisms, diverse types, and advanced fabrication strategies of photovoltaic textiles. Furthermore, we provide a detailed analysis of the recent progress made in various types of photovoltaic textiles, emphasizing their electrochemical performance. The focal point of this review centers on smart photovoltaic textiles for wearable electronic applications. Finally, we offer insights and perspectives on potential solutions to overcome the existing limitations of textile-based photovoltaics to promote their industrial commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iftikhar Ali
- Centre
for Print Research (CFPR), The University
of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Bristol BS16 1QY, U.K.
| | - Md Rashedul Islam
- Centre
for Print Research (CFPR), The University
of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Bristol BS16 1QY, U.K.
| | - Junyi Yin
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Stephen J. Eichhorn
- Bristol
Composites Institute, School of Civil, Aerospace, and Design Engineering, The University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TR, U.K.
| | - Jun Chen
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Nazmul Karim
- Centre
for Print Research (CFPR), The University
of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Bristol BS16 1QY, U.K.
- Nottingham
School of Art and Design, Nottingham Trent
University, Shakespeare Street, Nottingham NG1 4GG, U.K.
| | - Shaila Afroj
- Centre
for Print Research (CFPR), The University
of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Bristol BS16 1QY, U.K.
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2
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Guo L, Gu X, Hu S, Sun W, Zhang R, Qin Y, Meng K, Lu X, Liu Y, Wang J, Ma P, Zhang C, Guo A, Yang T, Yang X, Wang G, Liu Y, Wang K, Mi W, Zhang C, Jiang L, Liu L, Zheng K, Qin W, Yan W, Sun X. Strain-restricted transfer of ferromagnetic electrodes for constructing reproducibly superior-quality spintronic devices. Nat Commun 2024; 15:865. [PMID: 38286850 PMCID: PMC10824775 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45200-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Spintronic device is the fundamental platform for spin-related academic and practical studies. However, conventional techniques with energetic deposition or boorish transfer of ferromagnetic metal inevitably introduce uncontrollable damage and undesired contamination in various spin-transport-channel materials, leading to partially attenuated and widely distributed spintronic device performances. These issues will eventually confuse the conclusions of academic studies and limit the practical applications of spintronics. Here we propose a polymer-assistant strain-restricted transfer technique that allows perfectly transferring the pre-patterned ferromagnetic electrodes onto channel materials without any damage and change on the properties of magnetism, interface, and channel. This technique is found productive for pursuing superior-quality spintronic devices with high controllability and reproducibility. It can also apply to various-kind (organic, inorganic, organic-inorganic hybrid, or carbon-based) and diverse-morphology (smooth, rough, even discontinuous) channel materials. This technique can be very useful for reliable device construction and will facilitate the technological transition of spintronic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianrong Gu
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunhua Hu
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenchao Sun
- School of Science, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Solids, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, 100124, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Qin
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Meng
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangqian Lu
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 250100, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yayun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Solids, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, 100124, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Peijie Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Solids, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, 100124, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ankang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueli Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guorui Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University, 100044, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Mi
- School of Science, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuang Zhang
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lang Jiang
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Luqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Solids, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, 100124, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Qin
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 250100, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenjing Yan
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Xiangnan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Afre RA, Pugliese D. Perovskite Solar Cells: A Review of the Latest Advances in Materials, Fabrication Techniques, and Stability Enhancement Strategies. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:192. [PMID: 38398920 PMCID: PMC10890723 DOI: 10.3390/mi15020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are gaining popularity due to their high efficiency and low-cost fabrication. In recent decades, noticeable research efforts have been devoted to improving the stability of these cells under ambient conditions. Moreover, researchers are exploring new materials and fabrication techniques to enhance the performance of PSCs under various environmental conditions. The mechanical stability of flexible PSCs is another area of research that has gained significant attention. The latest research also focuses on developing tin-based PSCs that can overcome the challenges associated with lead-based perovskites. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in materials, fabrication techniques, and stability enhancement strategies for PSCs. It discusses the recent progress in perovskite crystal structure engineering, device construction, and fabrication procedures that has led to significant improvements in the photo conversion efficiency of these solar devices. The article also highlights the challenges associated with PSCs such as their poor stability under ambient conditions and discusses various strategies employed to enhance their stability. These strategies include the use of novel materials for charge transport layers and encapsulation techniques to protect PSCs from moisture and oxygen. Finally, this article provides a critical assessment of the current state of the art in PSC research and discusses future prospects for this technology. This review concludes that PSCs have great potential as a low-cost alternative to conventional silicon-based solar cells but require further research to improve their stability under ambient conditions in view of their definitive commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh A. Afre
- Centre of Excellence in Nanotechnology (CoEN), Faculty of Engineering, Assam down town University (AdtU), Guwahati 781026, Assam, India;
| | - Diego Pugliese
- National Institute of Metrological Research (INRiM), Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135 Torino, Italy
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4
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Li R, Wang Y, Chen Y, Zhao J, Wang Y, An J, Lu Y, Chen Y, Lai W, Zhang X, Huang W. Efficient Flexible Fabric-Based Top-Emitting Polymer Light-Emitting Devices for Wearable Electronics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305327. [PMID: 37670556 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Low-cost fabric-based top-emitting polymer light-emitting devices (Fa-TPLEDs) have aroused increasing attention due to their remarkable potential applications in wearable displays. However, it is still challenging to realize efficient all-solution-processed devices from bottom electrodes to top electrodes with large-scale fabrication. Here, a smooth reflective Ag cathode integrated on fabric by one-step silver mirror reaction and a composite transparent anode of polydimethylsiloxane/silver nanowires/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) via a water-assisted peeling method are presented, both of which possess excellent optoelectrical properties and robust mechanical flexibility. The Fa-TPLEDs are constructed by spin-coating functional layers on the bottom reflective cathodes and laminating the top transparent anodes. The Fa-TPLEDs show a current efficiency of 16.3 cd A-1 , an external quantum efficiency of 4.9% and angle-independent electroluminescence spectra. In addition, the Fa-TPLEDs possess excellent mechanical stability, maintaining a current efficiency of 14.3 cd A-1 after 200 bending cycles at a radius of 4 mm. The results demonstrate that the integration of solution-processed reflective cathodes and transparent anodes sheds light on a new avenue to construct low-cost and efficient fabric-based devices, showing great potential applications in emerging smart flexible/wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yeyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jiaxuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jingxi An
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yanan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuehua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wenyong Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xinwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
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5
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Patil P, Sangale SS, Kwon SN, Na SI. Innovative Approaches to Semi-Transparent Perovskite Solar Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1084. [PMID: 36985978 PMCID: PMC10057987 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are advancing rapidly and have reached a performance comparable to that of silicon solar cells. Recently, they have been expanding into a variety of applications based on the excellent photoelectric properties of perovskite. Semi-transparent PSCs (ST-PSCs) are one promising application that utilizes the tunable transmittance of perovskite photoactive layers, which can be used in tandem solar cells (TSC) and building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV). However, the inverse relationship between light transmittance and efficiency is a challenge in the development of ST-PSCs. To overcome these challenges, numerous studies are underway, including those on band-gap tuning, high-performance charge transport layers and electrodes, and creating island-shaped microstructures. This review provides a general and concise summary of the innovative approaches in ST-PSCs, including advances in the perovskite photoactive layer, transparent electrodes, device structures and their applications in TSC and BIPV. Furthermore, the essential requirements and challenges to be addressed to realize ST-PSCs are discussed, and the prospects of ST-PSCs are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sung-Nam Kwon
- Correspondence: (S.-N.K.); (S.-I.N.); Tel.: +82-63-270-4465 (S.-I.N.); Fax: +82-63-270-2341 (S.-I.N.)
| | - Seok-In Na
- Correspondence: (S.-N.K.); (S.-I.N.); Tel.: +82-63-270-4465 (S.-I.N.); Fax: +82-63-270-2341 (S.-I.N.)
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6
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Recent progress in perovskite solar cells: material science. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1445-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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7
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Ghaffari A, Saki Z, Taghavinia N, Byranvand MM, Saliba M. Lamination methods for the fabrication of perovskite and organic photovoltaics. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:2473-2495. [PMID: 35920327 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh00671e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have shown rapid progress in a decade of extensive research and development, aiming now towards commercialization. However, the development of more facile, reliable, and reproducible manufacturing techniques will be essential for industrial production. Many lamination methods have been initially designed for organic photovoltaics (OPVs), which are conceptually similar to PSCs. Lamination could provide a low-cost and adaptable technique for the roll-to-roll production of solar cells. This review presents an overview of lamination methods for the fabrication of PSCs and OPVs. The lamination of different electrodes consisting of various materials such as metal back contacts, photoactive layers, hole transport layers (HTLs), and electron transport layers (ETLs) is discussed. The efficiency and stability of the laminated devices are also presented. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of laminated solar cells are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliakbar Ghaffari
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, 14155 Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, 14588 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Saki
- Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, 14588 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nima Taghavinia
- Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, 14588 Tehran, Iran.
- Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sharif University of Technology, 14588 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Malekshahi Byranvand
- Institute for Photovoltaics (ipv), University of Stuttgart, Pfafenwaldring 47, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
- Helmholtz Young Investigator Group FRONTRUNNER, IEK5-Photovoltaik, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Michael Saliba
- Institute for Photovoltaics (ipv), University of Stuttgart, Pfafenwaldring 47, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
- Helmholtz Young Investigator Group FRONTRUNNER, IEK5-Photovoltaik, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
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8
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Qiu T, Akinoglu EM, Luo B, Konarova M, Yun JH, Gentle IR, Wang L. Nanosphere Lithography: A Versatile Approach to Develop Transparent Conductive Films for Optoelectronic Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2103842. [PMID: 35119141 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transparent conductive films (TCFs) are irreplaceable components in most optoelectronic applications such as solar cells, organic light-emitting diodes, sensors, smart windows, and bioelectronics. The shortcomings of existing traditional transparent conductors demand the development of new material systems that are both transparent and electrically conductive, with variable functionality to meet the requirements of new generation optoelectronic devices. In this respect, TCFs with periodic or irregular nanomesh structures have recently emerged as promising candidates, which possess superior mechanical properties in comparison with conventional metal oxide TCFs. Among the methods for nanomesh TCFs fabrication, nanosphere lithography (NSL) has proven to be a versatile platform, with which a wide range of morphologically distinct nanomesh TCFs have been demonstrated. These materials are not only functionally diverse, but also have advantages in terms of device compatibility. This review provides a comprehensive description of the NSL process and its most relevant derivatives to fabricate nanomesh TCFs. The structure-property relationships of these materials are elaborated and an overview of their application in different technologies across disciplines related to optoelectronics is given. It is concluded with a perspective on current shortcomings and future directions to further advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Qiu
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Eser Metin Akinoglu
- International Academy of Optoelectronics at Zhaoqing, South China Normal University, Zhaoqing, Guangdong, 526238, P. R. China
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Bin Luo
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Muxina Konarova
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Jung-Ho Yun
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Ian R Gentle
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Lianzhou Wang
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
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Nguyen VH, Papanastasiou DT, Resende J, Bardet L, Sannicolo T, Jiménez C, Muñoz-Rojas D, Nguyen ND, Bellet D. Advances in Flexible Metallic Transparent Electrodes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2106006. [PMID: 35195360 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transparent electrodes (TEs) are pivotal components in many modern devices such as solar cells, light-emitting diodes, touch screens, wearable electronic devices, smart windows, and transparent heaters. Recently, the high demand for flexibility and low cost in TEs requires a new class of transparent conductive materials (TCMs), serving as substitutes for the conventional indium tin oxide (ITO). So far, ITO has been the most used TCM despite its brittleness and high cost. Among the different emerging alternative materials to ITO, metallic nanomaterials have received much interest due to their remarkable optical-electrical properties, low cost, ease of manufacturing, flexibility, and widespread applicability. These involve metal grids, thin oxide/metal/oxide multilayers, metal nanowire percolating networks, or nanocomposites based on metallic nanostructures. In this review, a comparison between TCMs based on metallic nanomaterials and other TCM technologies is discussed. Next, the different types of metal-based TCMs developed so far and the fabrication technologies used are presented. Then, the challenges that these TCMs face toward integration in functional devices are discussed. Finally, the various fields in which metal-based TCMs have been successfully applied, as well as emerging and potential applications, are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viet Huong Nguyen
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Phenikaa University, Hanoi, 12116, Viet Nam
| | | | - Joao Resende
- AlmaScience Colab, Madan Parque, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Laetitia Bardet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LMGP, Grenoble, F-38016, France
| | - Thomas Sannicolo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Carmen Jiménez
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LMGP, Grenoble, F-38016, France
| | - David Muñoz-Rojas
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LMGP, Grenoble, F-38016, France
| | - Ngoc Duy Nguyen
- Département de Physique, CESAM/Q-MAT, SPIN, Université de Liège, Liège, B-4000, Belgium
| | - Daniel Bellet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LMGP, Grenoble, F-38016, France
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10
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Review on Tailoring PEDOT:PSS Layer for Improved Device Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11113119. [PMID: 34835883 PMCID: PMC8619312 DOI: 10.3390/nano11113119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) has high optical transparency in the visible light range and low-temperature processing condition, making it one of the most widely used polymer hole transport materials inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs), because of its high optical transparency in the visible light range and low-temperature processing condition. However, the stability of PSCs based on pristine PEDOT:PSS is far from satisfactory, which is ascribed to the acidic and hygroscopic nature of PEDOT:PSS, and property differences between PEDOT:PSS and perovskite materials, such as conductivity, work function and surface morphology. This review summaries recent efficient strategies to improve the stability of PEDOT:PSS in PSCs and discusses the underlying mechanisms. This review is expected to provide helpful insights for further increasing the stability of PSCs based on commercial PEDOT:PSS.
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11
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Liu N, Wang L, Xu F, Wu J, Song T, Chen Q. Recent Progress in Developing Monolithic Perovskite/Si Tandem Solar Cells. Front Chem 2021; 8:603375. [PMID: 33415097 PMCID: PMC7783359 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.603375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Monolithic perovskite/Silicon tandem solar cells have reached a certified efficiency of 29. 1% in recent years. In this review, we discuss material design for monolithic perovskite/Si tandem solar cells, with the focus on the top-cell development to improve their performance. Firstly, we introduce different types of transparent electrodes with high transmittance and low sheet-resistance used in tandem solar cells. We then discuss the development of the wide-bandgap perovskite absorber for top-cells, especially the strategies to obtain the perovskite layers with good efficiency and stability. In addition, as a special functional layer in tandem solar cells, the recombination layers play an important role in device performance, wherein different configurations are summarized. Furthermore, tandem device cost analysis is discussed. This review summarizes the progress of monolithic perovskite/Silicon tandem solar cells in a pragmatic perspective, which may promote the commercialization of this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jiafeng Wu
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Tinglu Song
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
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12
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Tong J, Jiang Q, Zhang F, Kang SB, Kim DH, Zhu K. Wide-Bandgap Metal Halide Perovskites for Tandem Solar Cells. ACS ENERGY LETTERS 2021; 6:232-248. [PMID: 38533481 PMCID: PMC10961837 DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c02105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have become the most promising new-generation solar cell technology. To date, perovskites also represent the only polycrystalline thin-film absorber technology that has enabled >20% efficiency for wide-bandgap solar cells, making wide-bandgap PSCs uniquely positioned to enable high-efficiency and low-cost tandem solar cell technologies by coupling wide-bandgap perovskites with low-bandgap absorbers. In this Focus Review, we highlight recent research progress on developing wide-bandgap PSCs, including the key mechanisms associated with efficiency loss and instability as well as strategies for overcoming these challenges. We also discuss recent accomplishments and research trends on using wide-bandgap PSCs in perovskite-based tandem configurations, including perovskite/perovskite, perovskite/Si, perovskite/CIGS, and other emerging tandem technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Tong
- Chemistry
and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable
Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Qi Jiang
- Chemistry
and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable
Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Fei Zhang
- Chemistry
and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable
Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Seok Beom Kang
- Department
of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hoe Kim
- Department
of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Kai Zhu
- Chemistry
and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable
Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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13
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Gadgeel AA, Mhaske ST. Incorporation of flame retardancy in bio‐resourced mannitol based curing agent for clear pressure‐sensitive adhesive. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. A Gadgeel
- Department of Polymer and Surface Engineering Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai Maharashtra India
| | - S. T Mhaske
- Department of Polymer and Surface Engineering Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai Maharashtra India
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14
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Ma H, Shao Y, Zhang C, Lv Y, Feng Y, Dong Q, Shi Y. Enhancing the Interface Contact of Stacking Perovskite Solar Cells with Hexamethylenediammonium Diiodide-Modified PEDOT:PSS as an Electrode. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:42321-42327. [PMID: 32820625 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As an indispensable component of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the commonly used Au and Ag electrodes still have some problems such as high cost and instability issues with regard to being corroded by iodide ions. In this paper, we report stacking perovskite solar cells (S-PSCs), which can avoid the use of precious metal electrodes and reduce the cost of devices and the requirements of equipment compared to conventional PSCs. The S-PSCs are composed of two semicells: a photoanode and a counter electrode (CE). For stacked devices, effective contact of the photoanode/CE interface is very important to the performance of the device. We used poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as the electrode and modified it by hexamethylenediammonium diiodide (HDADI2) to improve its physical and electrical properties. The surface of the HDADI2-modified PEDOT:PSS becomes rough and achieves higher adhesion, which enables the photoanode and CE to be sufficiently connected. In addition, the energy-level structure of the HDADI2-modified PEDOT:PSS matches better with that of the adjacent functional layers. Therefore, the S-PSCs performance has been significantly improved. Under an illumination area of 1 cm2, the power-conversion efficiency (PCE) of the S-PSCs can reach 15.21%. Moreover, the S-PSCs can be disassembled and assembled flexibly and repeatedly disassembled 500 times with almost no change in the PCE. This has a positive impact on cell maintenance and modular production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongru Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yingying Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Chunyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yanping Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yulin Feng
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Qingshun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yantao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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15
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Recent Progress on Semi-transparent Perovskite Solar Cell for Building-integrated Photovoltaics. Chem Res Chin Univ 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-020-0105-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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Zhu T, Yang Y, Yao X, Huang Z, Liu L, Hu W, Gong X. Solution-Processed Polymeric Thin Film as the Transparent Electrode for Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:15456-15463. [PMID: 32154700 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b22891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) were arising as a new generation of low-cost solar technology for renewable energy generation. More than 25% of power conversion efficiency (PCE) was reported from PSCs on the rigid indium tin oxide (ITO)/glass electrode. However, PSCs fabricated on flexible solution-processed transparent electrodes have still been a challenge to date. In this work, we report a solution-processed transparent polymeric thin film as the electrode for flexible solution-processed PSCs. The solution-processed polymeric thin film exhibits superior optical transparency and decent electrical conductivity. As compared with a PCE of 16.60% from PSCs on the ITO/glass substrate, PSCs on the solution-processed transparent polymeric electrode/glass substrate exhibit a PCE of 13.36% and PSCs on the solution-processed transparent polymeric thin-film/polyethylene terephthalate flexible substrate possess a PCE of 10.16%. Systematic studies demonstrate that poor electrical conductivity of the solution-processed transparent polymeric electrode and serious interfacial charge carrier recombination are responsible for low PCEs. Nevertheless, our results demonstrate that we provide a facile route to develop flexible PSCs by utilization of solution-processed polymeric thin films as the transparent electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhu
- Department of Polymer Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of , Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Yongrui Yang
- Department of Polymer Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of , Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Xiang Yao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, School of Science, Tianjin University and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Zixu Huang
- Department of Polymer Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of , Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Polymer Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of , Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, School of Science, Tianjin University and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Xiong Gong
- Department of Polymer Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of , Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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17
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Shi B, Duan L, Zhao Y, Luo J, Zhang X. Semitransparent Perovskite Solar Cells: From Materials and Devices to Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1806474. [PMID: 31408225 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Semitransparent solar cells (ST-SCs) have received great attention due to their promising application in many areas, such as building integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs), tandem devices, and wearable electronics. In the past decade, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have revolutionized the field of photovoltaics (PVs) with their high efficiencies and facile preparation processes. Due to their large absorption coefficient and bandgap tunability, perovskites offer new opportunities to ST-SCs. Here, a general overview is provided on the recent advances in ST-PSCs from materials and devices to applications and some personal perspectives on the future development of ST-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Shi
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Linrui Duan
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jingshan Luo
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhang
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China
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18
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Zhang H, Zhang Y, Yang G, Ren Z, Yu W, Shen D, Lee CS, Zheng Z, Li G. Vacuum-free fabrication of high-performance semitransparent perovskite solar cells via e-glue assisted lamination process. Sci China Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-019-9481-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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19
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Abstract
Design and modification of interfaces, always a critical issue for semiconductor devices, has become a primary tool to harness the full potential of halide perovskite (HaP)-based optoelectronics, including photovoltaics and light-emitting diodes. In particular, the outstanding improvements in HaP solar cell performance and stability can be primarily ascribed to a careful choice of the interfacial layout in the layer stack. In this review, we describe the unique challenges and opportunities of these approaches (section 1). For this purpose, we first elucidate the basic physical and chemical properties of the exposed HaP thin film and crystal surfaces, including topics such as surface termination, surface reactivity, and electronic structure (section 2). This is followed by discussing experimental results on the energetic alignment processes at the interfaces between the HaP and transport and buffer layers. This section includes understandings reached as well as commonly proposed and applied models, especially the often-questionable validity of vacuum level alignment, the importance of interface dipoles, and band bending as the result of interface formation (section 3). We follow this by elaborating on the impact of the interface formation on device performance, considering effects such as chemical reactions and surface passivation on interface energetics and stability. On the basis of these concepts, we propose a roadmap for the next steps in interfacial design for HaP semiconductors (section 4), emphasizing the importance of achieving control over the interface energetics and chemistry (i.e., reactivity) to allow predictive power for tailored interface optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Schulz
- Institut Photovoltaïque d'Île-de-France (IPVF) , 91120 Palaiseau , France.,CNRS , Institut Photovoltaı̈que d'Île de France (IPVF) , UMR 9006 , 91120 Palaiseau , France.,National Center for Photovoltaics , National Renewable Energy Laboratory , Golden , Colorado 80401 , United States
| | - David Cahen
- Department of Materials and Interfaces , Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot 76100 , Israel
| | - Antoine Kahn
- Department of Electrical Engineering , Princeton University , Princeton , New Jersey 08544 , United States
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20
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Lu Z, Wang S, Liu H, Feng F, Li W. Improved Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cells by the Interfacial Modification of the Active Layer. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9020204. [PMID: 30764481 PMCID: PMC6410319 DOI: 10.3390/nano9020204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As the most promising material for thin-film solar cells nowadays, perovskite shine for its unique optical and electronic properties. Perovskite-based solar cells have already been demonstrated with high efficiencies. However, it is still very challenging to optimize the morphology of perovskite film. In this paper we proposed a smooth and continuous perovskite active layer by treating the poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly (styrenesulphonate) (PEDOT:PSS) with pre-perovskite deposition and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) rinse. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) images confirmed a perovskite active layer consisting of large crystal grains with less grain boundary area and enhanced crystallinity. The perovskite devices fabricated by this method feature a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 11.36% and a short-circuit current (Jsc) of 21.9 mA·cm−2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Lu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, ShanXi DaTong University, Datong 037009, China; (Z.L.); (S.W.); (H.L.)
| | - Shangzhi Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, ShanXi DaTong University, Datong 037009, China; (Z.L.); (S.W.); (H.L.)
| | - Huijun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, ShanXi DaTong University, Datong 037009, China; (Z.L.); (S.W.); (H.L.)
| | - Feng Feng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, ShanXi DaTong University, Datong 037009, China; (Z.L.); (S.W.); (H.L.)
- Correspondence: (F.F.); (W.L.)
| | - Wenhua Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Correspondence: (F.F.); (W.L.)
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21
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Hodgkins TL, Savory CN, Bass KK, Seckman BL, Scanlon DO, Djurovich PI, Thompson ME, Melot BC. Anionic order and band gap engineering in vacancy ordered triple perovskites. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:3164-3167. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc09947b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Exchanging the iodide for bromide on Cs3Bi2Br9 redshifts the absorption band while maintaining the Cs3Bi2Br9 structure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher N. Savory
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
- London WC1H 0AJ
- UK
- Thomas Young Centre
| | - Kelsey K. Bass
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Southern California
- Los Angeles
- USA
| | | | - David O. Scanlon
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
- London WC1H 0AJ
- UK
- Diamond Light Source Ltd
| | | | - Mark E. Thompson
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Southern California
- Los Angeles
- USA
| | - Brent C. Melot
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Southern California
- Los Angeles
- USA
- Thomas Young Centre
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22
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Alberola-Borràs JA, Baker JA, De Rossi F, Vidal R, Beynon D, Hooper KEA, Watson TM, Mora-Seró I. Perovskite Photovoltaic Modules: Life Cycle Assessment of Pre-industrial Production Process. iScience 2018; 9:542-551. [PMID: 30448247 PMCID: PMC6286418 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Photovoltaic devices based on perovskite materials have a great potential to become an exceptional source of energy while preserving the environment. However, to enter the global market, they require further development to achieve the necessary performance requirements. The environmental performance of a pre-industrial process of production of a large-area carbon stack perovskite module is analyzed in this work through life cycle assessment (LCA). From the pre-industrial process an ideal process is simulated to establish a benchmark for pre-industrial and laboratory-scale processes. Perovskite is shown to be the most harmful layer of the carbon stack module because of the energy consumed in the preparation and annealing of the precursor solution, and not because of its Pb content. This work stresses the necessity of decreasing energy consumption during module preparation as the most effective way to reduce environmental impacts of perovskite solar cells. LCA of a pre-industrial process of a carbon stack perovskite module Laboratory, pre-industrial, and extrapolated ideal scenarios are compared The pre-industrial process shows a significant improvement in environmental impact Energy consumption is the main cause of the environmental impacts, not the Pb
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaume-Adrià Alberola-Borràs
- Grupo de Ingeniería de Diseño (GID), Departament d'enginyeria mecànica i construcció, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castelló, Spain; SPECIFIC, Swansea University, Bay Campus, Fabian Way, Swansea SA1 8EN, Wales, UK
| | - Jenny A Baker
- SPECIFIC, Swansea University, Bay Campus, Fabian Way, Swansea SA1 8EN, Wales, UK
| | - Francesca De Rossi
- SPECIFIC, Swansea University, Bay Campus, Fabian Way, Swansea SA1 8EN, Wales, UK
| | - Rosario Vidal
- Grupo de Ingeniería de Diseño (GID), Departament d'enginyeria mecànica i construcció, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castelló, Spain.
| | - David Beynon
- SPECIFIC, Swansea University, Bay Campus, Fabian Way, Swansea SA1 8EN, Wales, UK
| | - Katherine E A Hooper
- SPECIFIC, Swansea University, Bay Campus, Fabian Way, Swansea SA1 8EN, Wales, UK
| | - Trystan M Watson
- SPECIFIC, Swansea University, Bay Campus, Fabian Way, Swansea SA1 8EN, Wales, UK
| | - Iván Mora-Seró
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, Av. Sos Baynat, s/n, 12071 Castelló, Spain.
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23
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Nakazaki J, Segawa H. Evolution of organometal halide solar cells. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Annealing effect of E-beam evaporated TiO2 films and their performance in perovskite solar cells. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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25
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Sajid S, Elseman AM, Ji J, Dou S, Wei D, Huang H, Cui P, Xi W, Chu L, Li Y, Jiang B, Li M. Computational Study of Ternary Devices: Stable, Low-Cost, and Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2018; 10:51. [PMID: 30393700 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.06.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Although perovskite solar cells with power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) more than 22% have been realized with expensive organic charge-transporting materials, their stability and high cost remain to be addressed. In this work, the perovskite configuration of MAPbX (MA = CH3NH3, X = I3, Br3, or I2Br) integrated with stable and low-cost Cu:NiO x hole-transporting material, ZnO electron-transporting material, and Al counter electrode was modeled as a planar PSC and studied theoretically. A solar cell simulation program (wxAMPS), which served as an update of the popular solar cell simulation tool (AMPS: Analysis of Microelectronic and Photonic Structures), was used. The study yielded a detailed understanding of the role of each component in the solar cell and its effect on the photovoltaic parameters as a whole. The bandgap of active materials and operating temperature of the modeled solar cell were shown to influence the solar cell performance in a significant way. Further, the simulation results reveal a strong dependence of photovoltaic parameters on the thickness and defect density of the light-absorbing layers. Under moderate simulation conditions, the MAPbBr3 and MAPbI2Br cells recorded the highest PCEs of 20.58 and 19.08%, respectively, while MAPbI3 cell gave a value of 16.14%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajid Sajid
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power, System with Renewable Energy Sources, School of Renewable Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Ahmed Mourtada Elseman
- Electronic and Magnetic Materials Department, Advanced Materials Division, Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI), P.O. Box 87, Helwan, Cairo, 11421, Egypt
| | - Jun Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power, System with Renewable Energy Sources, School of Renewable Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangyi Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power, System with Renewable Energy Sources, School of Renewable Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power, System with Renewable Energy Sources, School of Renewable Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power, System with Renewable Energy Sources, School of Renewable Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power, System with Renewable Energy Sources, School of Renewable Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenkang Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power, System with Renewable Energy Sources, School of Renewable Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power, System with Renewable Energy Sources, School of Renewable Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power, System with Renewable Energy Sources, School of Renewable Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power, System with Renewable Energy Sources, School of Renewable Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Meicheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power, System with Renewable Energy Sources, School of Renewable Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Lu H, Ren X, Ouyang D, Choy WCH. Emerging Novel Metal Electrodes for Photovoltaic Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1703140. [PMID: 29356408 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201703140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Emerging novel metal electrodes not only serve as the collector of free charge carriers, but also function as light trapping designs in photovoltaics. As a potential alternative to commercial indium tin oxide, transparent electrodes composed of metal nanowire, metal mesh, and ultrathin metal film are intensively investigated and developed for achieving high optical transmittance and electrical conductivity. Moreover, light trapping designs via patterning of the back thick metal electrode into different nanostructures, which can deliver a considerable efficiency improvement of photovoltaic devices, contribute by the plasmon-enhanced light-mattering interactions. Therefore, here the recent works of metal-based transparent electrodes and patterned back electrodes in photovoltaics are reviewed, which may push the future development of this exciting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifei Lu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
- School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Xingang Ren
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Dan Ouyang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Wallace C H Choy
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
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27
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Abate A, Correa-Baena JP, Saliba M, Su'ait MS, Bella F. Perovskite Solar Cells: From the Laboratory to the Assembly Line. Chemistry 2017; 24:3083-3100. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Abate
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH; Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1 14109 Berlin Germany
| | - Juan-Pablo Correa-Baena
- MIT Photovoltaic Research Laboratory; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; 77 Massachusetts Ave 02139 Cambridge USA
| | - Michael Saliba
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); Station 3 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Mohd Sukor Su'ait
- Solar Energy Research Institute; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; 43600 Bangi Malaysia
| | - Federico Bella
- GAME Lab, Department of Applied Science and Technology DISAT; Politecnico di Torino; Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Torino Italy
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Wheeler LM, Moore DT, Ihly R, Stanton NJ, Miller EM, Tenent RC, Blackburn JL, Neale NR. Switchable photovoltaic windows enabled by reversible photothermal complex dissociation from methylammonium lead iodide. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1722. [PMID: 29170470 PMCID: PMC5701074 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01842-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Materials with switchable absorption properties have been widely used for smart window applications to reduce energy consumption and enhance occupant comfort in buildings. In this work, we combine the benefits of smart windows with energy conversion by producing a photovoltaic device with a switchable absorber layer that dynamically responds to sunlight. Upon illumination, photothermal heating switches the absorber layer—composed of a metal halide perovskite-methylamine complex—from a transparent state (68% visible transmittance) to an absorbing, photovoltaic colored state (less than 3% visible transmittance) due to dissociation of methylamine. After cooling, the methylamine complex is re-formed, returning the absorber layer to the transparent state in which the device acts as a window to visible light. The thermodynamics of switching and performance of the device are described. This work validates a photovoltaic window technology that circumvents the fundamental tradeoff between efficient solar conversion and high visible light transmittance that limits conventional semitransparent PV window designs. Conventional smart windows with tunable transparency are based on electrochromic systems that consumes energy. Here Wheeler et al. demonstrate a halide perovskite based photo-switchable window that dynamically responds to sunlight and change colors via reversible phase transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lance M Wheeler
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.
| | - David T Moore
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Rachelle Ihly
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Noah J Stanton
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Elisa M Miller
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Robert C Tenent
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Blackburn
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Nathan R Neale
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.
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Futscher MH, Ehrler B. Modeling the Performance Limitations and Prospects of Perovskite/Si Tandem Solar Cells under Realistic Operating Conditions. ACS ENERGY LETTERS 2017. [PMID: 28920081 DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.6b00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite/Si tandem solar cells have the potential to considerably out-perform conventional solar cells. Under standard test conditions, perovskite/Si tandem solar cells already outperform the Si single junction. Under realistic conditions, however, as we show, tandem solar cells made from current record cells are hardly more efficient than the Si cell alone. We model the performance of realistic perovskite/Si tandem solar cells under real-world climate conditions, by incorporating parasitic cell resistances, nonradiative recombination, and optical losses into the detailed-balance limit. We show quantitatively that when optimizing these parameters in the perovskite top cell, perovskite/Si tandem solar cells could reach efficiencies above 38% under realistic conditions, even while leaving the Si cell untouched. Despite the rapid efficiency increase of perovskite solar cells, our results emphasize the need for further material development, careful device design, and light management strategies, all necessary for highly efficient perovskite/Si tandem solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz H Futscher
- Center for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno Ehrler
- Center for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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30
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Futscher M, Ehrler B. Modeling the Performance Limitations and Prospects of Perovskite/Si Tandem Solar Cells under Realistic Operating Conditions. ACS ENERGY LETTERS 2017; 2:2089-2095. [PMID: 28920081 PMCID: PMC5594440 DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.7b00596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite/Si tandem solar cells have the potential to considerably out-perform conventional solar cells. Under standard test conditions, perovskite/Si tandem solar cells already outperform the Si single junction. Under realistic conditions, however, as we show, tandem solar cells made from current record cells are hardly more efficient than the Si cell alone. We model the performance of realistic perovskite/Si tandem solar cells under real-world climate conditions, by incorporating parasitic cell resistances, nonradiative recombination, and optical losses into the detailed-balance limit. We show quantitatively that when optimizing these parameters in the perovskite top cell, perovskite/Si tandem solar cells could reach efficiencies above 38% under realistic conditions, even while leaving the Si cell untouched. Despite the rapid efficiency increase of perovskite solar cells, our results emphasize the need for further material development, careful device design, and light management strategies, all necessary for highly efficient perovskite/Si tandem solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruno Ehrler
- E-mail: ; Group homepage. https://amolf.nl/research-groups/hybrid-solar-cells; Twitter: @brunoehrler
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31
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Sandoval-Torrientes R, Pascual J, García-Benito I, Collavini S, Kosta I, Tena-Zaera R, Martín N, Delgado JL. Modified Fullerenes for Efficient Electron Transport Layer-Free Perovskite/Fullerene Blend-Based Solar Cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:2023-2029. [PMID: 28296265 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A variety of novel chemically modified fullerenes, showing different electron-accepting capabilities, has been synthesized and used to prepare electron transport layer (ETL)-free solar cells based on perovskite/fullerene blends. In particular, isoxazolino[60] fullerenes are proven to be a good candidate for processing blend films with CH3 NH3 PbI3 and obtaining enhanced power conversion efficiency (PCE) ETL-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs), improving the state-of-the-art PCE (i.e., 14.3 %) for this simplified device architecture. A beneficial effect for pyrazolino and methano[60]fullerene derivatives versus pristine [60]/fullerene is also shown. Furthermore, a clear correlation between the LUMO energy level of the fullerene component and the open circuit voltage of the solar cells is found. Apart from the new knowledge on innovative fullerene derivatives for PSCs, the universality and versatility of perovskite/fullerene blend films to obtain efficient ETL-free PSCs is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jorge Pascual
- IK4-CIDETEC, Parque Tecnológico de San Sebastián, Paseo Miramón 196, 20009, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida de Tolosa 72, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Inés García-Benito
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, C/ Faraday 9, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Collavini
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida de Tolosa 72, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ivet Kosta
- IK4-CIDETEC, Parque Tecnológico de San Sebastián, Paseo Miramón 196, 20009, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ramón Tena-Zaera
- IK4-CIDETEC, Parque Tecnológico de San Sebastián, Paseo Miramón 196, 20009, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Nazario Martín
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, C/ Faraday 9, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad C. C. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Luis Delgado
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida de Tolosa 72, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
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32
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Khan A, Huang YT, Miyasaka T, Ikegami M, Feng SP, Li WD. Solution-Processed Transparent Nickel-Mesh Counter Electrode with in-Situ Electrodeposited Platinum Nanoparticles for Full-Plastic Bifacial Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:8083-8091. [PMID: 28170221 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b14861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A new type of embedded metal-mesh transparent electrode (EMTE) with in-situ electrodeposited catalytic platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) is developed as a high-performance counter electrode (CE) for lightweight flexible bifacial dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The thick but narrow nickel micromesh fully embedded in a plastic film provides superior electrical conductivity, optical transmittance, and mechanical stability to the novel electrode. PtNPs decorated selectively on the nickel micromesh surface provide catalytic function with minimum material cost and without interfering with optical transparency. Facile and fully solution-processed fabrication of the novel CE is demonstrated with potential for scalable and cost-effective production. Using this PtNP-decorated nickel EMTE as the CE and titanium foil as the photoanode, unifacial flexible DSSCs are fabricated with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.91%. By replacing the titanium foil with a transparent ITO-PEN photoanode, full-plastic bifacial DSSCs are fabricated and tested, demonstrating a remarkable PCE of 4.87% under rear-side illumination, which approaches 85% of the 5.67% PCE under front-side illumination, among the highest ratio in published results. These promising results reveal the enormous potential of this hybrid transparent CE in scalable production and commercialization of low-cost and efficient flexible DSSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Khan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu-Ting Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tsutomu Miyasaka
- Graduate School of Engineering, Toin University of Yokohama , 1614 Kuroganecho, Aoba, Yokohama 225-8503, Japan
| | - Masashi Ikegami
- Graduate School of Engineering, Toin University of Yokohama , 1614 Kuroganecho, Aoba, Yokohama 225-8503, Japan
| | - Shien-Ping Feng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- HKU-Zhejiang Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-ZIRI) , Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Wen-Di Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- HKU-Zhejiang Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-ZIRI) , Hangzhou 311300, China
- HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI) , Shenzhen 518000, China
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33
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Brinkmann KO, Zhao J, Pourdavoud N, Becker T, Hu T, Olthof S, Meerholz K, Hoffmann L, Gahlmann T, Heiderhoff R, Oszajca MF, Luechinger NA, Rogalla D, Chen Y, Cheng B, Riedl T. Suppressed decomposition of organometal halide perovskites by impermeable electron-extraction layers in inverted solar cells. Nat Commun 2017; 8:13938. [PMID: 28067308 PMCID: PMC5336555 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The area of thin-film photovoltaics has been overwhelmed by organometal halide perovskites. Unfortunately, serious stability concerns arise with perovskite solar cells. For example, methyl-ammonium lead iodide is known to decompose in the presence of water and, more severely, even under inert conditions at elevated temperatures. Here, we demonstrate inverted perovskite solar cells, in which the decomposition of the perovskite is significantly mitigated even at elevated temperatures. Specifically, we introduce a bilayered electron-extraction interlayer consisting of aluminium-doped zinc oxide and tin oxide. We evidence tin oxide grown by atomic layer deposition does form an outstandingly dense gas permeation barrier that effectively hinders the ingress of moisture towards the perovskite and—more importantly—it prevents the egress of decomposition products of the perovskite. Thereby, the overall decomposition of the perovskite is significantly suppressed, leading to an outstanding device stability. The stability issue of perovskite-based solar cells is in part due to electrode corrosion. Here, Brinkmann et al. develop an impermeable bilayered electron-extraction layer between the active layer and the electrode, suppressing decomposition of the perovskite and preventing corrosion from the inside.
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Affiliation(s)
- K O Brinkmann
- Institute of Electronic Devices, University of Wuppertal, Rainer-Gruenter-Str 21, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - J Zhao
- Institute of Electronic Devices, University of Wuppertal, Rainer-Gruenter-Str 21, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.,College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - N Pourdavoud
- Institute of Electronic Devices, University of Wuppertal, Rainer-Gruenter-Str 21, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - T Becker
- Institute of Electronic Devices, University of Wuppertal, Rainer-Gruenter-Str 21, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - T Hu
- Institute of Electronic Devices, University of Wuppertal, Rainer-Gruenter-Str 21, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.,College of Chemistry/Institute of Polymers, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - S Olthof
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Luxemburger Straße 116, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - K Meerholz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Luxemburger Straße 116, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - L Hoffmann
- Institute of Electronic Devices, University of Wuppertal, Rainer-Gruenter-Str 21, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - T Gahlmann
- Institute of Electronic Devices, University of Wuppertal, Rainer-Gruenter-Str 21, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - R Heiderhoff
- Institute of Electronic Devices, University of Wuppertal, Rainer-Gruenter-Str 21, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - M F Oszajca
- Nanograde AG, Laubisrütistrasse 50, 8712 Stäfa, Switzerland
| | - N A Luechinger
- Nanograde AG, Laubisrütistrasse 50, 8712 Stäfa, Switzerland
| | - D Rogalla
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, RUBION, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Y Chen
- College of Chemistry/Institute of Polymers, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - B Cheng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - T Riedl
- Institute of Electronic Devices, University of Wuppertal, Rainer-Gruenter-Str 21, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
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34
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Gopi CV, Venkata-Haritha M, Prabakar K, Kim HJ. Low-temperature easy-processed carbon nanotube contact for high-performance metal- and hole-transporting layer-free perovskite solar cells. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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35
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Baran D, Kirchartz T, Wheeler S, Dimitrov S, Abdelsamie M, Gorman J, Ashraf RS, Holliday S, Wadsworth A, Gasparini N, Kaienburg P, Yan H, Amassian A, Brabec CJ, Durrant JR, McCulloch I. Reduced voltage losses yield 10% efficient fullerene free organic solar cells with >1 V open circuit voltages. ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2016; 9:3783-3793. [PMID: 28066506 PMCID: PMC5171224 DOI: 10.1039/c6ee02598f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Optimization of the energy levels at the donor-acceptor interface of organic solar cells has driven their efficiencies to above 10%. However, further improvements towards efficiencies comparable with inorganic solar cells remain challenging because of high recombination losses, which empirically limit the open-circuit voltage (Voc) to typically less than 1 V. Here we show that this empirical limit can be overcome using non-fullerene acceptors blended with the low band gap polymer PffBT4T-2DT leading to efficiencies approaching 10% (9.95%). We achieve Voc up to 1.12 V, which corresponds to a loss of only Eg/q - Voc = 0.5 ± 0.01 V between the optical bandgap Eg of the polymer and Voc. This high Voc is shown to be associated with the achievement of remarkably low non-geminate and non-radiative recombination losses in these devices. Suppression of non-radiative recombination implies high external electroluminescence quantum efficiencies which are orders of magnitude higher than those of equivalent devices employing fullerene acceptors. Using the balance between reduced recombination losses and good photocurrent generation efficiencies achieved experimentally as a baseline for simulations of the efficiency potential of organic solar cells, we estimate that efficiencies of up to 20% are achievable if band gaps and fill factors are further optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Baran
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics , Imperial College London , London , SW7 2AZ , UK . ; IEK5-Photovoltaics , Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52425 Jülich , Germany .
| | - T Kirchartz
- IEK5-Photovoltaics , Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52425 Jülich , Germany . ; Faculty of Engineering and CENIDE , University of Duisburg-Essen , Carl-Benz-Straße 199 , 47057 Duisburg , Germany
| | - S Wheeler
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics , Imperial College London , London , SW7 2AZ , UK .
| | - S Dimitrov
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics , Imperial College London , London , SW7 2AZ , UK .
| | - M Abdelsamie
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , KSC , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - J Gorman
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics , Imperial College London , London , SW7 2AZ , UK .
| | - R S Ashraf
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , KSC , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - S Holliday
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics , Imperial College London , London , SW7 2AZ , UK .
| | - A Wadsworth
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics , Imperial College London , London , SW7 2AZ , UK .
| | - N Gasparini
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (I-MEET) , Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - P Kaienburg
- IEK5-Photovoltaics , Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52425 Jülich , Germany .
| | - H Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction , Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong , China
| | - A Amassian
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , KSC , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - C J Brabec
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (I-MEET) , Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - J R Durrant
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics , Imperial College London , London , SW7 2AZ , UK .
| | - I McCulloch
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics , Imperial College London , London , SW7 2AZ , UK . ; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , KSC , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
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36
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Bao C, Zhu W, Yang J, Li F, Gu S, Wang Y, Yu T, Zhu J, Zhou Y, Zou Z. Highly Flexible Self-Powered Organolead Trihalide Perovskite Photodetectors with Gold Nanowire Networks as Transparent Electrodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:23868-23875. [PMID: 27556340 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b08318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Organolead trihalide perovskites (OTPs) such as CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) have attracted much attention as the absorbing layer in solar cells and photodetectors (PDs). Flexible OTP devices have also been developed. Transparent electrodes (TEs) with higher conductivity, stability, and flexibility are necessary to improve the performance and flexibility of flexible OTP devices. In this work, patterned Au nanowire (AuNW) networks with high conductivity and stability are prepared and used as TEs in self-powered flexible MAPbI3 PDs. These flexible PDs show peak external quantum efficiency and responsivity of 60% and 321 mA/W, which are comparable to those of MAPbI3 PDs based on ITO TEs. The linear dynamic range and response time of the AuNW-based flexible PDs reach ∼84 dB and ∼4 μs, respectively. Moreover, they show higher flexibility than ITO-based devices, around 90%, and 60% of the initial photocurrent can be retained for the AuNW-based flexible PDs when bent to radii of 2.5 and 1.5 mm. This work suggests a high-performance, highly flexible, and stable TE for OTP flexible devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiong Bao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, ‡Ecomaterials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Department of Physics, §Collage of Engineering and Applied Science, ∥Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and #Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Weidong Zhu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, ‡Ecomaterials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Department of Physics, §Collage of Engineering and Applied Science, ∥Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and #Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, ‡Ecomaterials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Department of Physics, §Collage of Engineering and Applied Science, ∥Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and #Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Faming Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, ‡Ecomaterials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Department of Physics, §Collage of Engineering and Applied Science, ∥Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and #Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Gu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, ‡Ecomaterials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Department of Physics, §Collage of Engineering and Applied Science, ∥Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and #Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yangrunqian Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, ‡Ecomaterials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Department of Physics, §Collage of Engineering and Applied Science, ∥Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and #Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Tao Yu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, ‡Ecomaterials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Department of Physics, §Collage of Engineering and Applied Science, ∥Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and #Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Jia Zhu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, ‡Ecomaterials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Department of Physics, §Collage of Engineering and Applied Science, ∥Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and #Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhou
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, ‡Ecomaterials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Department of Physics, §Collage of Engineering and Applied Science, ∥Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and #Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Zou
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, ‡Ecomaterials and Renewable Energy Research Center (ERERC), Department of Physics, §Collage of Engineering and Applied Science, ∥Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and #Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
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Zuo C, Bolink HJ, Han H, Huang J, Cahen D, Ding L. Advances in Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2016; 3:1500324. [PMID: 27812475 PMCID: PMC5066666 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201500324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Organolead halide perovskite materials possess a combination of remarkable optoelectronic properties, such as steep optical absorption edge and high absorption coefficients, long charge carrier diffusion lengths and lifetimes. Taken together with the ability for low temperature preparation, also from solution, perovskite-based devices, especially photovoltaic (PV) cells have been studied intensively, with remarkable progress in performance, over the past few years. The combination of high efficiency, low cost and additional (non-PV) applications provides great potential for commercialization. Performance and applications of perovskite solar cells often correlate with their device structures. Many innovative device structures were developed, aiming at large-scale fabrication, reducing fabrication cost, enhancing the power conversion efficiency and thus broadening potential future applications. This review summarizes typical structures of perovskite solar cells and comments on novel device structures. The applications of perovskite solar cells are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuantian Zuo
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 P.R. China
| | - Henk J Bolink
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular Universidad de Valencia Valencia 46022 Spain
| | - Hongwei Han
- Michael Grätzel Center for Mesoscopic Solar Cells Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P.R. China
| | - Jinsong Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE 68588 USA
| | - David Cahen
- Department of Materials and Interfaces Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 76100 Israel
| | - Liming Ding
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 P.R. China
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38
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Makha M, Fernandes SL, Jenatsch S, Offermans T, Schleuniger J, Tisserant JN, Véron AC, Hany R. A transparent, solvent-free laminated top electrode for perovskite solar cells. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2016; 17:260-266. [PMID: 27877878 PMCID: PMC5102015 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2016.1176512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A simple lamination process of the top electrode for perovskite solar cells is demonstrated. The laminate electrode consists of a transparent and conductive plastic/metal mesh substrate, coated with an adhesive mixture of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate), PEDOT:PSS, and sorbitol. The laminate electrode showed a high degree of transparency of 85%. Best cell performance was achieved for laminate electrodes prepared with a sorbitol concentration of ~30 wt% per milliliter PEDOT:PSS dispersion, and using a pre-annealing temperature of 120°C for 10 min before lamination. Thereby, perovskite solar cells with stabilized power conversion efficiencies of (7.6 ± 1.0)% were obtained which corresponds to 80% of the reference devices with reflective opaque gold electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Makha
- Empa, Swiss Federal Institute for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Functional Polymers, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Letícia Fernandes
- Empa, Swiss Federal Institute for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Functional Polymers, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- UNESP – Universidade Estadual Paulista – Instituto de Química, POSMAT, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Sandra Jenatsch
- Empa, Swiss Federal Institute for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Functional Polymers, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Ton Offermans
- CSEM, Centre Suisse d’Electronique et Microtechnique SA, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Schleuniger
- CSEM, Centre Suisse d’Electronique et Microtechnique SA, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | | | - Anna C. Véron
- Empa, Swiss Federal Institute for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Functional Polymers, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Roland Hany
- Empa, Swiss Federal Institute for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Functional Polymers, Dübendorf, Switzerland
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39
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Collavini S, Kosta I, Völker SF, Cabanero G, Grande HJ, Tena-Zaera R, Delgado JL. Efficient Regular Perovskite Solar Cells Based on Pristine [70]Fullerene as Electron-Selective Contact. CHEMSUSCHEM 2016; 9:1263-1270. [PMID: 26991031 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201600051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
[70]Fullerene is presented as an efficient alternative electron-selective contact (ESC) for regular-architecture perovskite solar cells (PSCs). A smart and simple, well-described solution processing protocol for the preparation of [70]- and [60]fullerene-based solar cells, namely the fullerene saturation approach (FSA), allowed us to obtain similar power conversion efficiencies for both fullerene materials (i.e., 10.4 and 11.4 % for [70]- and [60]fullerene-based devices, respectively). Importantly, despite the low electron mobility and significant visible-light absorption of [70]fullerene, the presented protocol allows the employment of [70]fullerene as an efficient ESC. The [70]fullerene film thickness and its solubility in the perovskite processing solutions are crucial parameters, which can be controlled by the use of this simple solution processing protocol. The damage to the [70]fullerene film through dissolution during the perovskite deposition is avoided through the saturation of the perovskite processing solution with [70]fullerene. Additionally, this fullerene-saturation strategy improves the performance of the perovskite film significantly and enhances the power conversion efficiency of solar cells based on different ESCs (i.e., [60]fullerene, [70]fullerene, and TiO2 ). Therefore, this universal solution processing protocol widens the opportunities for the further development of PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Collavini
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida de Tolosa 72, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ivet Kosta
- Materials Division, IK4-CIDETEC, Parque Tecnológico de San Sebastián, Paseo Miramón 196, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20009, Spain)
| | - Sebastian F Völker
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida de Tolosa 72, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - German Cabanero
- Materials Division, IK4-CIDETEC, Parque Tecnológico de San Sebastián, Paseo Miramón 196, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20009, Spain)
| | - Hans J Grande
- Materials Division, IK4-CIDETEC, Parque Tecnológico de San Sebastián, Paseo Miramón 196, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20009, Spain)
| | - Ramón Tena-Zaera
- Materials Division, IK4-CIDETEC, Parque Tecnológico de San Sebastián, Paseo Miramón 196, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20009, Spain)..
| | - Juan Luis Delgado
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida de Tolosa 72, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011, Bilbao, Spain.
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40
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Miao J, Liu H, Li W, Zhang X. Mussel-Inspired Polydopamine-Functionalized Graphene as a Conductive Adhesion Promoter and Protective Layer for Silver Nanowire Transparent Electrodes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:5365-72. [PMID: 27142815 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
For the scalable fabrication of transparent electrodes and optoelectronic devices, excellent adhesion between the conductive films and the substrates is essential. In this work, a novel mussel-inspired polydopamine-functionalized graphene/silver nanowire hybrid nanomaterial for transparent electrodes was fabricated in a facile manner. Graphene oxide (GO) was functionalized and reduced by polydopamine while remaining stable in water without precipitation. It is shown that the polydopamine-functionalized GO (PFGO) film adhered to the substrate much more easily and more uniformly than the GO film. The PFGO film had a sheet resistance of ∼3.46 × 10(8) Ω/sq and a transparency of 78.2%, with excellent thermal and chemical stability; these characteristics are appropriate for antistatic coatings. Further reduced PFGO (RPFGO) as a conductive adhesion promoter and protective layer for the Ag nanowire (AgNW) significantly enhanced the adhesion force between AgNW networks and the substrate. The RPFGO-AgNW electrode was found to have a sheet resistance of 63 Ω/sq and a transparency of 70.5%. Moreover, the long-term stability of the RPFGO-AgNW electrode was greatly enhanced via the effective protection of the AgNW by RPFGO. These solution-processed antistatic coatings and electrodes have tremendous potential in the applications of optoelectronic devices as a result of their low production cost and facile processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlei Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Municipal Key Lab of Advanced Fiber and Energy Storage, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University , Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Haihui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Municipal Key Lab of Advanced Fiber and Energy Storage, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University , Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Municipal Key Lab of Advanced Fiber and Energy Storage, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University , Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xingxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Municipal Key Lab of Advanced Fiber and Energy Storage, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University , Tianjin 300387, China
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41
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Kim N, Um HD, Choi I, Kim KH, Seo K. 18.4%-Efficient Heterojunction Si Solar Cells Using Optimized ITO/Top Electrode. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:11412-11417. [PMID: 27092403 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b00981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We optimize the thickness of a transparent conducting oxide (TCO) layer, and apply a microscale mesh-pattern metal electrode for high-efficiency a-Si/c-Si heterojunction solar cells. A solar cell equipped with the proposed microgrid metal electrode demonstrates a high short-circuit current density (JSC) of 40.1 mA/cm(2), and achieves a high efficiency of 18.4% with an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 618 mV and a fill factor (FF) of 74.1% as result of the shortened carrier path length and the decreased electrode area of the microgrid metal electrode. Furthermore, by optimizing the process sequence for electrode formation, we are able to effectively restore the reduction in VOC that occurs during the microgrid metal electrode formation process. This work is expected to become a fundamental study that can effectively improve current loss in a-Si/c-Si heterojunction solar cells through the optimization of transparent and metal electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namwoo Kim
- Department of Energy Engineering, UNIST , Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Don Um
- Department of Energy Engineering, UNIST , Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Inwoo Choi
- KIER-UNIST, Advanced Center for Energy, Korea Institute for Energy Research , Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Ka-Hyun Kim
- KIER-UNIST, Advanced Center for Energy, Korea Institute for Energy Research , Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwanyong Seo
- Department of Energy Engineering, UNIST , Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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42
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Bush KA, Bailie CD, Chen Y, Bowring AR, Wang W, Ma W, Leijtens T, Moghadam F, McGehee MD. Thermal and Environmental Stability of Semi-Transparent Perovskite Solar Cells for Tandems Enabled by a Solution-Processed Nanoparticle Buffer Layer and Sputtered ITO Electrode. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:3937-43. [PMID: 26880196 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201505279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
A sputtered oxide layer enabled by a solution-processed oxide nanoparticle buffer layer to protect underlying layers is used to make semi-transparent perovskite solar cells. Single-junction semi-transparent cells are 12.3% efficient, and mechanically stacked tandems on silicon solar cells are 18.0% efficient. The semi-transparent perovskite solar cell has a T 80 lifetime of 124 h when operated at the maximum power point at 100 °C without additional sealing in ambient atmosphere under visible illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Bush
- Department of Materials Science, Stanford University, Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Colin D Bailie
- Department of Materials Science, Stanford University, Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ye Chen
- SunPreme, Palomar Avenue, Sunnyvale, CA, USA
| | - Andrea R Bowring
- Department of Materials Science, Stanford University, Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- SunPreme, Palomar Avenue, Sunnyvale, CA, USA
| | - Wen Ma
- SunPreme, Palomar Avenue, Sunnyvale, CA, USA
| | - Tomas Leijtens
- Department of Materials Science, Stanford University, Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Michael D McGehee
- Department of Materials Science, Stanford University, Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA, USA
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43
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Neutral- and Multi-Colored Semitransparent Perovskite Solar Cells. Molecules 2016; 21:475. [PMID: 27077835 PMCID: PMC6273569 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21040475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we summarize recent works on perovskite solar cells with neutral- and multi-colored semitransparency for building-integrated photovoltaics and tandem solar cells. The perovskite solar cells exploiting microstructured arrays of perovskite “islands” and transparent electrodes—the latter of which include thin metallic films, metal nanowires, carbon nanotubes, graphenes, and transparent conductive oxides for achieving optical transparency—are investigated. Moreover, the perovskite solar cells with distinctive color generation, which are enabled by engineering the band gap of the perovskite light-harvesting semiconductors with chemical management and integrating with photonic nanostructures, including microcavity, are discussed. We conclude by providing future research directions toward further performance improvements of the semitransparent perovskite solar cells.
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44
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Kim A, Lee H, Kwon HC, Jung HS, Park NG, Jeong S, Moon J. Fully solution-processed transparent electrodes based on silver nanowire composites for perovskite solar cells. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:6308-6316. [PMID: 26465213 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr04585a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report all-solution-processed transparent conductive electrodes based on Ag nanowire (AgNW)-embedded metal oxide composite films for application in organometal halide perovskite solar cells. To address the thermal instability of Ag nanowires, we used combustive sol-gel derived thin films to construct ZnO/ITO/AgNW/ITO composite structures. The resulting composite configuration effectively prevented the AgNWs from undergoing undesirable side-reactions with halogen ions present in the perovskite precursor solutions that significantly deteriorate the optoelectrical properties of Ag nanowires in transparent conductive films. AgNW-based composite electrodes had a transmittance of ∼80% at 550 nm and sheet resistance of 18 Ω sq(-1). Perovskite solar cells fabricated using a fully solution-processed transparent conductive electrode, Au/spiro-OMeTAD/CH3NH3PbI3 + m-Al2O3/ZnO/ITO/AgNW/ITO, exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 8.44% (comparable to that of the FTO/glass-based counterpart at 10.81%) and were stable for 30 days in ambient air. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of using AgNWs as a transparent bottom electrode in perovskite solar cells produced by a fully printable process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areum Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hongseuk Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyeok-Chan Kwon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun Suk Jung
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Gyu Park
- School of Chemical Engineering and Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunho Jeong
- Division of Advanced Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 305-600, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooho Moon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
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45
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Yang K, Li F, Zhang J, Veeramalai CP, Guo T. All-solution processed semi-transparent perovskite solar cells with silver nanowires electrode. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:095202. [PMID: 26821871 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/9/095202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report an all-solution route to produce semi-transparent high efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Instead of an energy-consuming vacuum process with metal deposition, the top electrode is simply deposited by spray-coating silver nanowires (AgNWs) under room temperature using fabrication conditions and solvents that do not damage or dissolve the underlying PSC. The as-fabricated semi-transparent perovskite solar cell shows a photovoltaic output with dual side illuminations due to the transparency of the AgNWs. With a back cover electrode, the open circuit voltage increases significantly from 1.01 to 1.16 V, yielding high power conversion efficiency from 7.98 to 10.64%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyu Yang
- Institute of Optoelectronic Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
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46
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Williams ST, Rajagopal A, Chueh CC, Jen AKY. Current Challenges and Prospective Research for Upscaling Hybrid Perovskite Photovoltaics. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:811-9. [PMID: 26866466 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b02651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite photovoltaics (PSCs) are poised to push toward technology translation, but significant challenges complicating commercialization remain. Though J-V hysteresis and ecotoxicity are uniquely imposing issues at scale, CH3NH3PbI3 degradation is by far the sharpest limitation to the technology's potential market contribution. Herein, we offer a perspective on the practical market potential of PSCs, the nature of fundamental PSC challenges at scale, and an outline of prospective solutions for achieving module scale PSC production tailored to intrinsic advantages of CH3NH3PbI3. Although integrating PSCs into the energy grid is complicated by CH3NH3PbI3 degradation, the ability of PSCs to contribute to consumer electronics and other niche markets like those organic photovoltaics have sought footing in rests primarily upon the technology's price point. Thus, slot die, roll-to-roll processing has the greatest potential to enable PSC scale-up, and herein, we present a perspective on the research necessary to realize fully printable PSCs at scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer T Williams
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Adharsh Rajagopal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Chu-Chen Chueh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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47
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Hooper K, Smith B, Baker J, Greenwood P, Watson T. Spray PEDOT:PSS coated perovskite with a transparent conducting electrode for low cost scalable photovoltaic devices. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/14328917.2015.1105572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Hooper
- SPECIFIC, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Baglan Bay Innovation and Knowledge Centre, Central Avenue, Baglan SA12 7AX, Wales
| | - Ben Smith
- SPECIFIC, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Baglan Bay Innovation and Knowledge Centre, Central Avenue, Baglan SA12 7AX, Wales
| | - Jenny Baker
- SPECIFIC, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Baglan Bay Innovation and Knowledge Centre, Central Avenue, Baglan SA12 7AX, Wales
| | - Peter Greenwood
- SPECIFIC, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Baglan Bay Innovation and Knowledge Centre, Central Avenue, Baglan SA12 7AX, Wales
| | - Trystan Watson
- SPECIFIC, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Baglan Bay Innovation and Knowledge Centre, Central Avenue, Baglan SA12 7AX, Wales
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48
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Lee M, Ko Y, Min BK, Jun Y. Silver Nanowire Top Electrodes in Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells using Titanium Metal as Substrate. CHEMSUSCHEM 2016; 9:31-5. [PMID: 26612081 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201501332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Flexible perovskite solar cells (FPSCs) have various applications such as wearable electronic textiles and portable devices. In this work, we demonstrate FPSCs on a titanium metal substrate employing solution-processed silver nanowires (Ag NWs) as the top electrode. The Ag NW electrodes were deposited on top of the spiro-MeOTAD hole transport layer by a carefully controlled spray-coating method at moderate temperatures. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) reached 7.45 % under AM 1.5 100 mW cm(-2) illumination. Moreover, the efficiency for titanium-based FPSCs decreased only slightly (by 2.6 % of the initial value) after the devices were bent 100 times. With this and other advances, fully solution-based indium-free flexible photovoltaics, advantageous in terms of price and processing, have the potential to be scaled into commercial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoh Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST-gil 50, Eonyang-eup, Ulsan, 689-798, Republic of Korea
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Yohan Ko
- Department of Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Koun Min
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 136-791, Republic of Korea
- Green School, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongseok Jun
- Department of Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea.
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49
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Yang Z, Wang M, Ding J, Sun Z, Li L, Huang J, Liu J, Shao J. Semi-Transparent ZnO-CuI/CuSCN Photodiode Detector with Narrow-Band UV Photoresponse. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:21235-21244. [PMID: 26352523 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b05222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The ZnO homogeneous pn junction photodiode is quite difficult to fabricate due to the absence of stable p-type ZnO. So exploring reliable p-type materials is necessary to build a heterogeneous pn junction with n-type ZnO. Herein, we develop a simple and low-cost solution-processed method to obtain inorganic p-type CuI/CuSCN composite film with compact morphology, high conductivity, and low surface state. The improved performance of CuI/CuSCN composite film can be confirmed based on high-rectification ratio, responsivity, and open voltage of ZnO-CuI/CuSCN photodiode UV detectors. Moreover, photodiodes with novel top electrodes are investigated. Compared with commonly used Au and graphene/Ag nanowire (NWs) electrode, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrenesulfonate) ( PEDOT PSS) electrode prepared by Meyer rod-coating technique opens one route to obtain a semitransparent photodiode. The photodiode with PEDOT PSS as the top electrode under reverse illumination has the highest photocurrent density due to higher UV transmittance of PEDOT PSS transparent electrode compared with ITO glass. The low-energy consumption, and high responsivity, UV to visible rejection ratio and air stability make this ZnO-CuI/CuSCN photodiode quite promising in the UV-A detection field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yang
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory (EMRL), Key Laboratory of Education Ministry; International Center for Dielectric Research (ICDR), Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Minqiang Wang
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory (EMRL), Key Laboratory of Education Ministry; International Center for Dielectric Research (ICDR), Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jijun Ding
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory (EMRL), Key Laboratory of Education Ministry; International Center for Dielectric Research (ICDR), Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhongwang Sun
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory (EMRL), Key Laboratory of Education Ministry; International Center for Dielectric Research (ICDR), Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Le Li
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory (EMRL), Key Laboratory of Education Ministry; International Center for Dielectric Research (ICDR), Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory (EMRL), Key Laboratory of Education Ministry; International Center for Dielectric Research (ICDR), Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory (EMRL), Key Laboratory of Education Ministry; International Center for Dielectric Research (ICDR), Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jinyou Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, China
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50
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Yang YM, Chen Q, Hsieh YT, Song TB, Marco ND, Zhou H, Yang Y. Multilayer Transparent Top Electrode for Solution Processed Perovskite/Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)2 Four Terminal Tandem Solar Cells. ACS NANO 2015; 9:7714-7721. [PMID: 26098134 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b03189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Halide perovskites (PVSK) have attracted much attention in recent years due to their high potential as a next generation solar cell material. To further improve perovskites progress toward a state-of-the-art technology, it is desirable to create a tandem structure in which perovskite may be stacked with a current prevailing solar cell such as silicon (Si) or Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)2 (CIGS). The transparent top electrode is one of the key components as well as challenges to realize such tandem structure. Herein, we develop a multilayer transparent top electrode for perovskite photovoltaic devices delivering an 11.5% efficiency in top illumination mode. The transparent electrode is based on a dielectric/metal/dielectric structure, featuring an ultrathin gold seeded silver layer. A four terminal tandem solar cell employing solution processed CIGS and perovskite cells is also demonstrated with over 15% efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Michael Yang
- †Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Qi Chen
- †Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- ‡California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yao-Tsung Hsieh
- †Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- ‡California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Tze-Bin Song
- †Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- ‡California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Nicholas De Marco
- †Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- ‡California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Huanping Zhou
- †Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- ‡California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yang Yang
- †Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- ‡California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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