1
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Chen J, Wang Z, Yao B, Geng Y, Wang C, Xu J, Chen T, Jing J, Fu J. Ultra-Highly Stiff and Tough Shape Memory Polyurea with Unprecedented Energy Density by Precise Slight Cross-Linking. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2401178. [PMID: 38648568 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Shape memory polymers (SMPs) have attracted significant attention and hold vast potential for diverse applications. Nevertheless, conventional SMPs suffer from notable shortcomings in terms of mechanical properties, environmental stability, and energy density, significantly constraining their practical utility. Here, inspired by the structure of muscle fibers, an innovative approach that involves the precise incorporation of subtle, permanent cross-linking within a hierarchical hydrogen bonding supramolecular network is reported. This novel strategy has culminated in the development of covalent and supramolecular shape memory polyurea, which exhibits exceptional mechanical properties, including high stiffness (1347 MPa), strength (82.4 MPa), and toughness (312.7 MJ m-3), ensuring its suitability for a wide range of applications. Furthermore, it boasts remarkable recyclability and repairability, along with excellent resistance to moisture, heat, and solvents. Moreover, the polymer demonstrates outstanding shape memory effects characterized by a high energy density (24.5 MJ m-3), facilitated by the formation of strain-induced oriented nanostructures that can store substantial amounts of entropic energy. Simultaneously, it maintains a remarkable 96% shape fixity and 99% shape recovery. This delicate interplay of covalent and supramolecular bonds opens up a promising pathway to the creation of high-performance SMPs, expanding their applicability across various domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoyang Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Zhifeng Wang
- Testing Center, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, P. R. China
| | - Bowen Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Yuhao Geng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Tao Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Jiajie Jing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Jiajun Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
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2
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Liu J, Urban MW. Dynamic Interfaces in Self-Healable Polymers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:7268-7285. [PMID: 38395626 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
It is well-established that interfaces play critical roles in biological and synthetic processes. Aside from significant practical applications, the most accessible and measurable quantity is interfacial tension, which represents a measure of the energy required to create or rejoin two surfaces. Owing to the fact that interfacial processes are critical in polymeric materials, this review outlines recent advances in dynamic interfacial processes involving physics and chemistry targeting self-healing. Entropic interfacial energies stored during damage participate in the recovery, and self-healing depends upon copolymer composition and monomer sequence, monomer molar ratios, molecular weight, and polymer dispersity. These properties ultimately impact chain flexibility, shape-memory recovery, and interfacial interactions. Self-healing is a localized process with global implications on mechanical and other properties. Selected examples driven by interfacial flow and shape memory effects are discussed in the context of covalent and supramolecular rebonding targeting self-healable materials development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Marek W Urban
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
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3
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Chen K, Li M, Yang Z, Ye Z, Zhang D, Zhao B, Xia Z, Wang Q, Kong X, Shang Y, Liu C, Yu H, Cao A. Ultra-Large Stress and Strain Polymer Nanocomposite Actuators Incorporating a Mutually-Interpenetrated, Collective-Deformation Carbon Nanotube Network. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2313354. [PMID: 38589015 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Stimulus-responsive polymer-based actuators are extensively studied, with the challenging goal of achieving comprehensive performance metrics that include large output stress and strain, fast response, and versatile actuation modes. The design and fabrication of nanocomposites offer a promising route to integrate the advantages of both polymers and nanoscale fillers, thus ensuring superior performance. Here, it is started from a three-dimensional (3D) porous sponge to fabricate a mutually interpenetrated nanocomposite, in which the embedded carbon nanotube (CNT) network undergoes collective deformation with the shape memory polymer (SMP) matrix during large-degree stretching and releasing, increases junction density with polymer chains and enhances molecular orientation. These features result in substantial improvement of the overall mechanical properties and during thermally actuated contraction, the bulk SMP/CNT composites exhibit output stresses up to 19.5 ± 0.97 MPa and strains up to 69%, accompanied by a rapid response and high energy density, exceeding the majority of recent reports. Furthermore, electrical actuation is also demonstrated via uniform Joule heating across the self-percolated CNT network. Applications such as low-temperature thermal actuated vascular stent and wound dressing are explored. These findings lay out a universal blueprint for developing robust and highly deformable SMP/CNT nanocomposite actuators with broad potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Meng Li
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Zifan Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Ziming Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Ding Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobing Kong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Shang
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Chenyang Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Joint Laboratory of Polymer Science and Materials Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Haifeng Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Anyuan Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
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4
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Chen H, Sun Z, Lu K, Liu J, He C, Mao D. Negative Enthalpy Variation Drives Rapid Recovery in Thermoplastic Elastomer. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2311332. [PMID: 38108494 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism behind the resilience of polymeric materials, typically attributed to the well-established entropy elasticity, often ignores the contribution of enthalpy variation (ΔH), because it is based on the assumption of an ideal chain. However, this model does not fully account for the reduced resilience of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) during long-range deformation, which is mainly caused by the dynamics of physical crosslink networks. Such reduction is undesirable for long-range stretchable TPU considering its wide application range. Therefore, a negative ΔH effect is established in this work to facilitate instant recovery in long-range stretchable TPU, achieved by constructing a reversible interim interface via strain-induced phase separation. Consequently, the newly constructed dual soft segmental TPU shows resilience efficiency exceeding 95%, surpassing many synthetic high-performance TPUs with typical efficiencies below 80%, and comparable to biomaterials. Moreover, a remarkable hysteresis loop with a ratio exceeding 50%, makes it a viable candidate for applications such as artificial ligaments or buffer belts. The research also clarifies structural factors influencing resilience, including the symmetry of the dual soft segments and the content of hard segments, offering valuable insights for the design of highly resilient long-range stretchable elastomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Zaizheng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Kai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jinming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Chaobin He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Dongsheng Mao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
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5
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Wang Q, Yan X, Liu P, Xu Y, Guan Q, You Z. Near-Infrared Light Triggered the Shape Memory Behavior of Polydopamine-Nanoparticle-Filled Epoxy Acrylate. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3394. [PMID: 37631451 PMCID: PMC10459945 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Through the effective combination of photothermal conversion agent polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles and epoxy acrylate polymer (EA), a new kind of near-infrared (NIR) light-triggered shape memory polymer (PDA/EA) is developed. Due to the outstanding photothermal effect of PDA, even with a very low concentration of PDA (0.1 wt.%), when exposed to an 808 nm NIR light with a power of 1 W/cm2, the temporary shapes can be fully light-responsive, recovered in 60 s. Based on dynamic thermomechanical analysis and thermal gravimetric analysis, it can be seen that the introduction of PDA is beneficial for improving dynamic mechanical properties and thermal resistance compared to EA. As an environmentally friendly and highly efficient photoactive SMP, PDA/EA has a great application prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Functional Materials, Research Base of Textile Materials for Flexible Electronics and Biomedical Applications (China Textile Engineering Society), Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; (Q.W.); (P.L.); (Z.Y.)
- Zhejiang Hexin New Material Co., Ltd., Jiaxing 314000, China;
| | - Xuefeng Yan
- Zhejiang Hexin New Material Co., Ltd., Jiaxing 314000, China;
| | - Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Functional Materials, Research Base of Textile Materials for Flexible Electronics and Biomedical Applications (China Textile Engineering Society), Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; (Q.W.); (P.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Yiyan Xu
- Zhejiang Hexin New Material Co., Ltd., Jiaxing 314000, China;
| | - Qingbao Guan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Functional Materials, Research Base of Textile Materials for Flexible Electronics and Biomedical Applications (China Textile Engineering Society), Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; (Q.W.); (P.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zhengwei You
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Functional Materials, Research Base of Textile Materials for Flexible Electronics and Biomedical Applications (China Textile Engineering Society), Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; (Q.W.); (P.L.); (Z.Y.)
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6
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Gaikwad S, Urban MW. Ring-and-Lock Interactions in Self-Healable Styrenic Copolymers. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:9693-9699. [PMID: 37068169 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Commodity copolymers offer many useful applications, and their durability is critical in maintaining desired functions and retaining sustainability. These studies show that primarily alternating styrene/n-butyl acrylate [p(Sty/nBA)] copolymers self-heal without external intervention when monomer molar ratios are within the 45:55-53:47 range. This behavior is attributed to the favorable interchain interactions between aliphatic nBA side groups being sandwiched by aromatic rings forming ring-and-lock associations driven by pi-sigma-pi (π-σ-π) interactions. Guided by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations combined with spectroscopic and thermomechanical analysis, the ring-and-lock interchain van der Waals forces between π orbitals of aromatic rings and sigma components of aliphatic side groups are responsible for self-healing. Despite the frequent occurrence of these interactions in biological systems (proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and polysaccharides), these largely unexplored weak and ubiquitous molecular forces between the soft acid aliphatic and soft base aromatic electrons may be valuable assets in the development of polymeric materials with sustainable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samruddhi Gaikwad
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Marek W Urban
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
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7
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Li T, Yan S, Gao X, Zhou S, Li J, Ma X, Yin J, Jiang X. Photo-induced spatial gradient network for shape memory polymer with pattern-memorizing surface. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:3078-3086. [PMID: 36263734 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh00943a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Incorporating a pattern-memorizing surface into a multi-functional shape memory polymer (SMP) offers various extraordinary opportunities for their engineering applications. However, current memory-patterned approaches prepared by artificial loading are at the cost of initial balance, whose potential is greatly limited by the internal relationship between thermodynamic equilibrium and the entropy-driven pattern-memorizing cycle. Here, a robust yet effective strategy is presented for fabricating a spontaneous pattern on a poly(styrene-block-butadiene-block-styrene) (SBS)-based SMP with a gradient crosslinking network via molecular diffusion for equilibrium. Benefiting from the photo-induced diffusion of maleimide, the resulting steady-state pattern as a permanent shape ensures the recovery of morphology, and the gradient network formed by the diffusion-regulated spatial Diels-Alder (D-A) crosslinking reaction makes the pattern memory cycle from existence to elimination possible. Furthermore, taking advantage of an uneven structural network, the shape reconfigurations from 2D patterned sheets to 3D configurations with a patterned surface can be achieved conveniently through a shape memory effect, simplifying programming setups. In addition, this type of 3D shape also can shift back to a 2D patterned film via an inverse D-A decrosslinking reaction upon thermal treatment. This straightforward approach for fabricating a pattern of a single layer on an SMP surface with a spatial gradient network opens a new avenue for functional smart materials, which expands the technological perspectives in many fields of flexible electronics, smart actuators, switching sensors and soft robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.
| | - Shuzhen Yan
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaxin Gao
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.
| | - Shuai Zhou
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.
| | - Jin Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.
| | - Jie Yin
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.
| | - Xuesong Jiang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.
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8
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Yang Y, Wang C, Zhou W, Xiao Y, Wang L, Liu X, Zhou S, Li D, Liu Y, Zhou C. Recyclable shape memory polymers with independent honeycomb crosslinked polymer actuators and temperature response switches inspired by bow principle. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials China Three Gorges University Yichang China
| | - Chune Wang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials China Three Gorges University Yichang China
| | - Wenyan Zhou
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials China Three Gorges University Yichang China
| | - Yu Xiao
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Mechanics and Engineering Science Shanghai University Shanghai China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials China Three Gorges University Yichang China
| | - Xiang Liu
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials China Three Gorges University Yichang China
| | - Shiyi Zhou
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu People's Republic of China
| | - Dejiang Li
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials China Three Gorges University Yichang China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials China Three Gorges University Yichang China
| | - Changlin Zhou
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials China Three Gorges University Yichang China
- Department of Research and Development Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory Yichang China
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Qianhui Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Marek W. Urban
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
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10
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Li J, Ning Z, Yang W, Yang B, Zeng Y. Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene-Based Polyurethane with Self-Healing and Reprocessing Capabilities. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:10156-10166. [PMID: 35382304 PMCID: PMC8973043 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB)-based polyurethane (PU) networks play indispensable roles in a variety of applications; however, they cannot be reprocessed, resulting in environmental problems and unsustainable industrial development. In this work, recyclable HTPB-based PU vitrimer (HTPB-PUV) networks are fabricated by introduction of a cross-linker 2,2'-(1,4-phenylene)-bis[4-mercaptan-1,3,2-dioxaborolane] (BDB) with dynamic boronic ester bonds into the network. Meanwhile, the BDB can stabilize the HTPB unit in the network by elimination of double bonds. The novel HTPB-PUV networks are constructed by a thiol-ene "click" reaction and an addition reaction between HTPB and cross-linker BDB and isocyanates (HDI). The dynamic HTPB-PUV networks are characterized by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The obtained dynamic HTPB-PUV networks possess superior thermostability. Moreover, due to the presence of dynamic boronic ester bonds, the HTPB-PUV network topologies can be altered, contributing to the reprocessing, self-healing, and welding abilities of the final polymer. Through a hot press, the pulverized sample can be reprocessed for several cycles, and mechanical properties of the reprocessed samples are similar to those of the pristine one, with the tensile strength being even higher. The self-healed sample exhibits almost complete recovery from scratch after the healing treatment at 130 °C for 3 h. Moreover, a welding efficiency of 120% was achieved.
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11
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Baek SH, Kim JH. Facile fabrication of thermoresponsive polyurethanes including polycarbonate diol for enhanced shape-memory performance. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Jin L, Wang P, Cao W, Song N, Ding P. Isolated Solid Wall-Assisted Thermal Conductive Performance of Three-Dimensional Anisotropic MXene/Graphene Polymeric Composites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:1747-1756. [PMID: 34949092 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of three-dimensional (3D) continuous conformations in polymer materials is a convincing proposal for acquiring the desirable multifunction to fulfill the urgent demands of highly integrated electronic devices. However, the limited functional design of the filled aligned network remains challenging. Herein, directional self-assembly 3D MXene/graphene aerogels are fabricated as conductive networks for polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix. Based on the uniaxial and biaxial ice template method, the temperature gradient affects the aligned arrangement of the 3D microstructure. The biaxial PEG/MXene/GR composites exhibit an enhanced through-plane thermal conductivity of 1.64 W m-1 K-1 at 10.6 vol % content, which is 522% higher than that of pure PEG. The influence of the biaxial self-assembly strategy compared with that of the uniaxial one on the thermal conductivity reaches the highest 333% when the weight ratio equals 1:1. Meanwhile, the same difference also occurs in the electromagnetic shielding interference (EMI) property. The advanced EMI-shielding effectiveness of the biaxial PM1G1 composites reaches ∼36 dB at the 2.5 mm thickness. This research provides valuable guidance for designing high-performance applications of anisotropic thermal management and EMI shielding in 5G telecommunications and mobile electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Jin
- Research Center of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Pei Wang
- Research Center of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Wenjing Cao
- Research Center of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Na Song
- Research Center of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Peng Ding
- Research Center of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
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13
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Wang S, Urban MW. Basic physicochemical processes governing self‐healable polymers
†. POLYM INT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Clemson University Clemson SC USA
| | - Marek W. Urban
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Clemson University Clemson SC USA
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14
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Cooper C, Nikzad S, Yan H, Ochiai Y, Lai JC, Yu Z, Chen G, Kang J, Bao Z. High Energy Density Shape Memory Polymers Using Strain-Induced Supramolecular Nanostructures. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:1657-1667. [PMID: 34729409 PMCID: PMC8554838 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c00829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Shape memory polymers are promising materials in many emerging applications due to their large extensibility and excellent shape recovery. However, practical application of these polymers is limited by their poor energy densities (up to ∼1 MJ/m3). Here, we report an approach to achieve a high energy density, one-way shape memory polymer based on the formation of strain-induced supramolecular nanostructures. As polymer chains align during strain, strong directional dynamic bonds form, creating stable supramolecular nanostructures and trapping stretched chains in a highly elongated state. Upon heating, the dynamic bonds break, and stretched chains contract to their initial disordered state. This mechanism stores large amounts of entropic energy (as high as 19.6 MJ/m3 or 17.9 J/g), almost six times higher than the best previously reported shape memory polymers while maintaining near 100% shape recovery and fixity. The reported phenomenon of strain-induced supramolecular structures offers a new approach toward achieving high energy density shape memory polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher
B. Cooper
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Shayla Nikzad
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Hongping Yan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford
Synchroton Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National
Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Yuto Ochiai
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jian-Cheng Lai
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhiao Yu
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Gan Chen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department
of Material Science and Engineering, Stanford
University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jiheong Kang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Zhenan Bao
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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15
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Li J, Yang W, Ning Z, Yang B, Zeng Y. Sustainable Polyurethane Networks Based on Rosin with Reprocessing Performance. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3538. [PMID: 34685297 PMCID: PMC8537484 DOI: 10.3390/polym13203538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Rosin is an abundant natural product. In this paper, for the first time, a rosin derivative is employed as a monomer for the preparation of polyurethane vitrimers with improved properties. A novel rosin-based polyurethane vitrimers network was constructed by the reaction between isocyanates (HDI) as curing agent and monomers with alcohol groups modified from rosin. The dynamic rosin-based polyurethane vitrimers were characterized by FTIR and dynamic mechanical analysis. The obtained rosin-based polyurethane vitrimers possessed superior mechanical properties. Due to the dynamic urethane linkages, the network topologies of rosin-based polyurethane vitrimers could be altered, contributing self-healing and reprocessing abilities. Besides, we investigated the effects of healing time and temperature on the self-healing performance. Moreover, through a hot press, pulverized samples of 70%VPUOH could be reshaped several times, and the mechanical properties of the recycled samples were restored, with tensile strength being even higher than the of that of the original samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yanning Zeng
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metal and Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China; (J.L.); (W.Y.); (Z.N.); (B.Y.)
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16
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Shim HJ, Sunwoo S, Kim Y, Koo JH, Kim D. Functionalized Elastomers for Intrinsically Soft and Biointegrated Electronics. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2002105. [PMID: 33506654 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202002105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Elastomers are suitable materials for constructing a conformal interface with soft and curvilinear biological tissue due to their intrinsically deformable mechanical properties. Intrinsically soft electronic devices whose mechanical properties are comparable to human tissue can be fabricated using suitably functionalized elastomers. This article reviews recent progress in functionalized elastomers and their application to intrinsically soft and biointegrated electronics. Elastomers can be functionalized by adding appropriate fillers, either nanoscale materials or polymers. Conducting or semiconducting elastomers synthesized and/or processed with these materials can be applied to the fabrication of soft biointegrated electronic devices. For facile integration of soft electronics with the human body, additional functionalization strategies can be employed to improve adhesive or autonomous healing properties. Recently, device components for intrinsically soft and biointegrated electronics, including sensors, stimulators, power supply devices, displays, and transistors, have been developed. Herein, representative examples of these fully elastomeric device components are discussed. Finally, the remaining challenges and future outlooks for the field are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Joon Shim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical Processes Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung‐Hyuk Sunwoo
- Center for Nanoparticle Research Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical Processes Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongjun Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical Processes Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Hoon Koo
- Center for Nanoparticle Research Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical Processes Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Dae‐Hyeong Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical Processes Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
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17
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The Influence of Shape Changing Behaviors from 4D Printing through Material Extrusion Print Patterns and Infill Densities. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13173754. [PMID: 32854309 PMCID: PMC7503952 DOI: 10.3390/ma13173754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Four-dimensional printing (4DP) is an approach of using Shape Memory Materials (SMMs) with additive manufacturing (AM) processes to produce printed parts that can deform over a determined amount of time. This research examines how Polylactic Acid (PLA), as a Shape Memory Polymer (SMP), can be programmed by manipulating the build parameters of material extrusion. In this research, a water bath experiment was used to show the results of the shape-recovery of bending and shape-recovery speed of the printed parts, according to the influence of the print pattern, infill density and recovery temperature (Tr). In terms of the influence of the print pattern, the 'Quarter-cubic' pattern with a 100% infill density showed the best recovery result; and the 'Line' pattern with a 20% infill density showed the worst recovery result. The 'Cubic-subdivision' pattern with a 20% infill density demonstrated the shortest recovery time; and the 'Concentric' pattern with a 100% infill density demonstrated the longest recovery time. The results also showed that a high temperature and high infill density provided better recovery, and a low temperature and low infill density resulted in poor recovery.
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18
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19
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Hornat CC, Urban MW. Entropy and interfacial energy driven self-healable polymers. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1028. [PMID: 32098954 PMCID: PMC7042321 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14911-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Although significant advances have been achieved in dynamic reversible covalent and non-covalent bonding chemistries for self-healing polymers, an ultimate goal is to create high strength and stiffness commodity materials capable of repair without intervention under ambient conditions. Here we report the development of mechanically robust thermoplastic polyurethane fibers and films capable of autonomous self-healing under ambient conditions. Two mechanisms of self-healing are identified: viscoelastic shape memory (VESM) driven by conformational entropic energy stored during mechanical damage, and surface energy/tension that drives the reduction of newly generated surface areas created upon damage by shallowing and widening wounds until healed. The type of self-healing mechanism is molecular weight dependent. To the best of our knowledge these materials represent the strongest (Sf = 21 mN/tex, or σf ≈ 22 MPa) and stiffest (J = 300 mN/tex, or E ≈ 320 MPa) self-healing polymers able to repair under typical ambient conditions without intervention. Since two autonomous self-healing mechanisms result from viscoelastic behavior not specific to a particular polymer chemistry, they may serve as general approaches to design of other self-repairing commodity polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris C Hornat
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies (COMSET), Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Marek W Urban
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies (COMSET), Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA.
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20
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Hornat CC, Nijemeisland M, Senardi M, Yang Y, Pattyn C, van der Zwaag S, Urban MW. Quantitative predictions of maximum strain storage in shape memory polymers (SMP). POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.122006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Li Q, Ma S, Wei J, Wang S, Xu X, Huang K, Wang B, Yuan W, Zhu J. Preparation of Non-Planar-Ring Epoxy Thermosets Combining Ultra-Strong Shape Memory Effects and High Performance. Macromol Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-020-8064-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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22
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Xu B, Zhang X, Tian Z, Han D, Fan X, Chen Y, Di Z, Qiu T, Mei Y. Microdroplet-guided intercalation and deterministic delamination towards intelligent rolling origami. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5019. [PMID: 31685828 PMCID: PMC6828951 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13011-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional microstructures fabricated by origami, including folding, rolling and buckling, gain great interests in mechanics, optics and electronics. We propose a general strategy on on-demand and spontaneous rolling origami for artificial microstructures aiming at massive and intelligent production. Deposited nanomembranes are rolled-up in great amount triggered by the intercalation of tiny droplet, taking advantage of a creative design of van der Waals interaction with substrate. The rolling of nanomembranes delaminated by liquid permits a wide choice in materials as well as precise manipulation in rolling direction by controlling the motion of microdroplet, resulting in intelligent construction of rolling microstructures with designable geometries. Moreover, this liquid-triggered delamination phenomenon and constructed microstructures are demonstrated in the applications among vapor sensing, microresonators, micromotors, and microactuators. This investigation offers a simple, massive, low-cost, versatile and designable construction of rolling microstructures for fundamental research and practical applications. Rolling microstructures have great potential among optics and micromechanics but on-demand construction with versatile materials remains challenging. Here Xu et al. precisely construct 3D rolling microstructures by liquid-triggered delamination in predictable manner and demonstrate their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borui Xu
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, China Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Han
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingce Fan
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yimeng Chen
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zengfeng Di
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, China Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Teng Qiu
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongfeng Mei
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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23
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Yang Z, Duan C, Sun Y, Wang T, Zhang X, Wang Q. Utilizing Polyhexahydrotriazine (PHT) to Cross-Link Polyimide Oligomers for High-Temperature Shape Memory Polymer. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zenghui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Chunjian Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Tingmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xinrui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
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24
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Guo F, Zheng X, Liang C, Jiang Y, Xu Z, Jiao Z, Liu Y, Wang HT, Sun H, Ma L, Gao W, Greiner A, Agarwal S, Gao C. Millisecond Response of Shape Memory Polymer Nanocomposite Aerogel Powered by Stretchable Graphene Framework. ACS NANO 2019; 13:5549-5558. [PMID: 31013425 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b00428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Shape memory polymers (SMPs) change shapes as-designed through altering the chain segment movement by external stimuli, promising wide uses in actuators, sensors, drug delivery, and deployable devices. However, the recovery speed of SMPs is still far slower than the benchmark shape memory alloys (SMAs), originating from their intrinsic poor heat transport and retarded viscoelasticity of polymer chains. In this work, monolithic nanocomposite aerogels composed of bicontinuous graphene and SMP networks are designed to promote the recovery time of SMP composites to a record value of 50 ms, comparable to the SMA case. The integration of a stretchable graphene framework as a fast energy transformation grid with ultrathin polycaprolactone nanofilms (tunable at 2.5-60 nm) enables the rapid phase transition of SMPs under electrical stimulation. The graphene-SMP nanocomposite aerogels, with a density of ∼10 mg cm-3, exhibit a fast response (175 ± 40 mm s-1), large deformation (∼100%), and a wide response bandwidth (0.1-20 Hz). The ultrafast response of SMP nanocomposite aerogels confers extensive uses in sensitive fuses, micro-oscillators, artificial muscles, actuators, and soft robotics. The design of bicontinuous ultralight aerogels can be extended to fabricate multifunctional and multiresponsive hybrid materials and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Zhen Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150080 , China
| | | | | | | | - Haiyan Sun
- Hangzhou Gaoxi Technology Co., Ltd. , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | | | | | - Andreas Greiner
- Faculty of Biology, Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Macromolecular Chemistry II and Bayreuth Center for Colloids and Interfaces , University of Bayreuth , Universitätsstraße 30 , Bayreuth 95440 , Germany
| | - Seema Agarwal
- Faculty of Biology, Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Macromolecular Chemistry II and Bayreuth Center for Colloids and Interfaces , University of Bayreuth , Universitätsstraße 30 , Bayreuth 95440 , Germany
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25
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Piedade AP. 4D Printing: The Shape-Morphing in Additive Manufacturing. J Funct Biomater 2019; 10:jfb10010009. [PMID: 30678219 PMCID: PMC6462905 DOI: 10.3390/jfb10010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
3D printing of polymers can now be considered as a common processing technology for the development of biomaterials. These can be constituted out of polymeric abiotic material alone or can be co-printed with living cells. However, the adaptive and shape-morphing characteristics cannot be developed with the rigid, pre-determined structures obtained by 3D printing. In order to produce functional engineered biomaterials, the dynamic properties/characteristics of the living cells must be attained. 4D printing can be envisaged as a route to achieve these goals. This paper intends to give a brief review of the pioneer 4D printing research that has been developed and to present an insight into future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Piedade
- CEMMPRE, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Rua Luis Reis Santos, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal.
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26
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Urban MW, Davydovich D, Yang Y, Demir T, Zhang Y, Casabianca L. Key-and-lock commodity self-healing copolymers. Science 2018; 362:220-225. [PMID: 30309952 DOI: 10.1126/science.aat2975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Self-healing materials are notable for their ability to recover from physical or chemical damage. We report that commodity copolymers, such as poly(methyl methacrylate)/n-butyl acrylate [p(MMA/nBA)] and their derivatives, can self-heal upon mechanical damage. This behavior occurs in a narrow compositional range for copolymer topologies that are preferentially alternating with a random component (alternating/random) and is attributed to favorable interchain van der Waals forces forming key-and-lock interchain junctions. The use of van der Waals forces instead of supramolecular or covalent rebonding or encapsulated reactants eliminates chemical and physical alterations and enables multiple recovery upon mechanical damage without external intervention. Unlike other self-healing approaches, perturbation of ubiquitous van der Waals forces upon mechanical damage is energetically unfavorable for interdigitated alternating/random copolymer motifs that facilitate self-healing under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek W Urban
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA. .,Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.,Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies (COMSET), Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Dmitriy Davydovich
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.,Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies (COMSET), Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.,Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies (COMSET), Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Tugba Demir
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.,Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies (COMSET), Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Yunzhi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Leah Casabianca
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
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27
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28
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Tian Z, Huang W, Xu B, Li X, Mei Y. Anisotropic Rolling and Controlled Chirality of Nanocrystalline Diamond Nanomembranes toward Biomimetic Helical Frameworks. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:3688-3694. [PMID: 29799209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b00828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Future advances in materials will be aided by improved dimensional control in fabrication of 3D hierarchical structures. Self-rolling technology provides additional degrees of freedom in 3D design by enabling an arbitrary rolling direction with controllable curvature. Here, we demonstrate that deterministic helical structures with variable rolling directions can be formed through releasing a strained nanomembrane patterned in a "utility knife" shape. The asymmetry of the membrane shape provides anisotropic driving force generated by the disparity between the etching rates along different sides in this asymmetric shape. A transient finite element method (FEM) model of diagonal rolling is established to analyze the relationships among geometries, elastic properties, and boundary conditions. On the basis of this model, a diamond-based helical framework consisting of two or three helical segments has been fabricated to mimic the shapes of natural plants. Further experiment has been done to extend this approach to other materials and material combinations, such as MoSe2/Cr, Cr/Pt, and VO2. To demonstrate the possible application accessible by our technology to new fields, VO2-based helical microscale actuation has been demonstrated with photocontrollable bending in a selected region, as well as morphable and recognizable helix. This study offers a new way to construct helical mesostructures that combine special properties of the advanced materials, thus possess novel features and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziao Tian
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems , Fudan University , Shanghai 200433 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Huang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory , University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , 208 N. Wright Street , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Borui Xu
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems , Fudan University , Shanghai 200433 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuling Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory , University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , 208 N. Wright Street , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - YongFeng Mei
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of ASIC and Systems , Fudan University , Shanghai 200433 , People's Republic of China
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29
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Bai Y, Zhang J, Chen X. A Thermal-, Water-, and Near-Infrared Light-Induced Shape Memory Composite Based on Polyvinyl Alcohol and Polyaniline Fibers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:14017-14025. [PMID: 29652479 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b01425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A multiresponsive shape memory composite was prepared by incorporating polyaniline (PAn) fibers into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), where in situ polymerization assisted by surfactant was used to homogeneously disperse PAn fibers in a PVA matrix. The PAn fibers not only increased physical cross-linking points in the system but also served as photothermal conversion reagents, resulting in excellent water-, thermal-, and near-infrared (NIR) light-induced shape memory properties of the composites, where their light-induced shape recovery ratio and speed could be enhanced via the increase of PAn loading percentage and light power density. Moreover, the composites possessed high mechanical properties with tensile strength over 83 MPa. On the basis of these dramatic mechanical properties and shape memory properties, the composites could show high recovery stress over 6.0 MPa, which increased with the increase of temperature and PAn loading percentage. This presented composite could be a great candidate as actuator element for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkang Bai
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, Institute of Polymer Science in Chemical Engineering , Xi'an Jiao Tong University , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710049 , China
| | - Jiwen Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, Institute of Polymer Science in Chemical Engineering , Xi'an Jiao Tong University , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710049 , China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, Institute of Polymer Science in Chemical Engineering , Xi'an Jiao Tong University , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710049 , China
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30
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Yang L, Tong R, Wang Z, Xia H. Polydopamine Particle-Filled Shape-Memory Polyurethane Composites with Fast Near-Infrared Light Responsibility. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:2052-2057. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Rui Tong
- Guangzhou Tinci Materials Technology Co., Ltd.; Guangzhou 510670 China
| | - Zhanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Hesheng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
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31
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Tang J, Zhou Y, Wan L, Huang F. Automatically Programmable Shape-Memory Polymers Based on Asymmetric Swelling of Bilayer Structures. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junkun Tang
- Key Laboratory for Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology of the Ministry of Education; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology of the Ministry of Education; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Liqiang Wan
- Key Laboratory for Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology of the Ministry of Education; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Farong Huang
- Key Laboratory for Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology of the Ministry of Education; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
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32
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33
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Song Y, Zhou S, Jin K, Qiao J, Li D, Xu C, Hu D, Di J, Li M, Zhang Z, Li Q. Hierarchical carbon nanotube composite yarn muscles. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:4077-4084. [PMID: 29431840 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr08595h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid smart actuators fabricated using composites of carbon fibers and shape memory polymers have been extensively studied in recent years. However, relatively slow shape recovery has combined with the reset of shape deformation during cycles to restrict their practical use. An electrothermally reversible actuator based on carbon nanotube (CNT) composite yarn containing CNT fiber and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) resin with excellent shape memory was investigated in this paper. The combination of CNT yarn and TPU resin considerably amplified the contraction and stability. Large tensile stroke was obtained within 5 s (∼13.8%) while lifting a load that was ∼1905 times as heavy as the actuator. The generated contractive stress reached more than 33 MPa (corresponding to 120 g of the load) at a weight-to-yarn mass ratio of 28 400, which was about 30 times more than the shape recovery stress of shape memory polymer. In terms of the stability study, the process of annealing and contraction training was introduced. In addition, the quantitative relationship between temperature and contraction was also rigorously explored, which facilitated a more accurate and controllable contractile stroke. Great potential applications ranging from soft robots, wearable intelligent devices, and biomimetic devices to self-deployable structures in the aerospace field are likely to benefit from the advantages of low density, fast response without hysteresis, super flexible structure, as well as stitchability and large-scale production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Song
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Materials and Performance (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, China.
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