1
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Shen X, He F. Oligomerized Acceptors with High Efficiency and Superior Stability in Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39265178 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c12252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
Oligomerized small molecular acceptors (OSMAs) have rapidly become a research hotspot in the field of organic solar cells due to their advantages of effective combination with definite structure of small molecules and high viscosity and glass transition temperature of polymers. From this perspective, we classify and summarize the representative OSMAs from the three binding sites of end, core, and wing, and we summarize the exploration of new synthesis methods to improve the plights, such as low synthesis yield and difficult purification. Finally, the existing challenges and future research directions are concluded and prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Shen
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Feng He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Institute of Innovative Materials, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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2
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Zhao C, Wang Y, Jiang Y, Wu N, Wang H, Li T, Ouyang G, Liu M. Handedness-Inverted and Stimuli-Responsive Circularly Polarized Luminescent Nano/Micromaterials Through Pathway-Dependent Chiral Supramolecular Polymorphism. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2403329. [PMID: 38625749 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
The precise manipulation of supramolecular polymorphs has been widely applied to control the morphologies and functions of self-assemblies, but is rarely utilized for the fabrication of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) materials with tailored properties. Here, this work reports that an amphiphilic naphthalene-histidine compound (NIHis) readily self-assembled into distinct chiral nanostructures through pathway-dependent supramolecular polymorphism, which shows opposite and multistimuli responsive CPL signals. Specifically, NIHis display assembly-induced CPL from the polymorphic keto tautomer, which become predominant during enol-keto tautomerization shifting controlled by a bulk solvent effect. Interestingly, chiral polymorphs of nanofiber and microbelt with inverted CPL signals can be prepared from the same NIHis monomer in exactly the same solvent compositions and concentrations by only changing the temperature. The tunable CPL performance of the solid microbelts is realized under multi external physical or chemical stimuli including grinding, acid fuming, and heating. In particular, an emission color and CPL on-off switch based on the microbelt polymorph by reversible heating-cooling protocol is developed. This work brings a new approach for developing smart CPL materials via supramolecular polymorphism engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Zhao
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences and CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 North First Street, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences and CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 North First Street, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yuqian Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Ningning Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences and CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 North First Street, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Hanxiao Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences and CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 North First Street, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences and CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 North First Street, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guanghui Ouyang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences and CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 North First Street, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Minghua Liu
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences and CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 North First Street, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
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3
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Zheng X, Du Q, Yu C, Liu Q, Wang W, Wang F, Qin S. Organic-Inorganic Rubrene/WS 2 Heterostructure for Broadband Detection and Polarization Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:39737-39744. [PMID: 39012264 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c08895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Organic single crystals exhibit improved carrier mobility, longer exciton diffusion length, anisotropic charge transport, and unique linear dichroism, while its high exciton binding energy seriously limits the free-carrier generation and photoelectric conversion efficiency. Layered van der Waals heterostructures, which integrate organic crystals with high mobility two-dimensional (2D) inorganic semiconductors, are promising for promoting exciton dissociation and boosting sensitivity by utilizing the interfacial potential and photogating effect. In this work, organic single-crystal rubrene is integrated with a few-layer WS2 to design the high-performance photodetector. The device exhibits an excellent responsivity of 1000 A W-1, and a fast speed of 180 μs, which is far superior to the individual WS2 device. Equally importantly, this device provides excellent polarization detection performance by virtue of the anisotropic properties of rubrene, and the dichroic ratios are 1.56, 1.5, and 1.7 for 375, 405, and 658 nm irradiation, respectively. Finally, several high-resolution single-pixel broadband polarization imaging was demonstrated. Our work shows that organic-inorganic heterostructure is an essential candidate for improving optoelectronics performance and has potential for polarization imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xialian Zheng
- School of Physical Science and Information Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology of Shandong Province, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Qianqian Du
- School of Physical Science and Information Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology of Shandong Province, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Chunshuai Yu
- School of Physical Science and Information Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology of Shandong Province, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Physical Science and Information Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology of Shandong Province, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- School of Physical Science and Information Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology of Shandong Province, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Fengqiu Wang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Shuchao Qin
- School of Physical Science and Information Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology of Shandong Province, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
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4
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Li F, Zhou J, Zhang J, Zhao J. Research and Progress on Organic Semiconductor Power Devices. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3362. [PMID: 38998442 PMCID: PMC11243007 DOI: 10.3390/ma17133362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Organic semiconductor power devices have been attracting increasing attention due to their advantages such as flexibility, low fabrication cost, and sustainability. They have found wide applications in fields such as flexible electronic devices and biomedical devices. However, in the field of power applications, the lack of reliable organic semiconductor power devices is mainly attributed to the limited thermal stability and electrical stability of organic materials. This article provides a detailed review of the development status of organic semiconductor power devices from three aspects: device structure, organic materials, and fabrication methods. It clarifies that the future development goal is to enhance the voltage resistance and thermal stability of organic transistors through higher-performance structure design, higher-mobility materials, and higher-quality fabrication methods. The continuous innovation and development of the structures, materials, and fabrication of these devices will generate more novel devices, offering more possibilities for the application of organic semiconductor power devices. This information is of great reference value and guidance significance for engineers in related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyi Li
- School of Internet of Things, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiayi Zhou
- Shanghai Qingwei Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiang Zhao
- College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
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5
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Carella A, Landi A, Bonomo M, Chiarella F, Centore R, Peluso A, Nejrotti S, Barra M. Asymmetrical Diketopyrrolopyrrole Derivatives with Improved Solubility and Balanced Charge Transport Properties. Molecules 2024; 29:2805. [PMID: 38930874 PMCID: PMC11207042 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) unit represents one of the building blocks more widely employed in the field of organic electronics; in most of the reported DPP-based small molecules, this unit represents the electron acceptor core symmetrically coupled to donor moieties, and the solubility is guaranteed by functionalizing lactamic nitrogens with long and branched alkyl tails. In this paper, we explored the possibility of modulating the solubility by realizing asymmetric DPP derivatives, where the molecular structure is extended in just one direction. Four novel derivatives have been prepared, characterized by a common dithyenil-DPP fragment and functionalized on one side by a thiophene unit linked to different auxiliary electron acceptor groups. As compared to previously reported symmetric analogs, the novel dyes showed an increased solubility in chloroform and proved to be soluble in THF as well. The novel dyes underwent a thorough optical and electrochemical characterization. Electronic properties were studied at the DFT levels. All the dyes were used as active layers in organic field effect transistors, showing balanced charge transport properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Carella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli ‘Federico II’, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Landi
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (A.L.); (A.P.)
| | - Matteo Bonomo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (M.B.); (S.N.)
- Nanomaterials for Industry and Sustainability (NIS) Interdepartmental Centre, Via G. Quarello 15A, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Fabio Chiarella
- CNR-Institute for Superconductors, Innovative Materials, and Devices, Dipartimento di Fisica “Ettore Pancini”, P. le Tecchio, 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy; (F.C.); (M.B.)
| | - Roberto Centore
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli ‘Federico II’, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Andrea Peluso
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (A.L.); (A.P.)
| | - Stefano Nejrotti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (M.B.); (S.N.)
- Nanomaterials for Industry and Sustainability (NIS) Interdepartmental Centre, Via G. Quarello 15A, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Mario Barra
- CNR-Institute for Superconductors, Innovative Materials, and Devices, Dipartimento di Fisica “Ettore Pancini”, P. le Tecchio, 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy; (F.C.); (M.B.)
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Shen X, Xiong S, Lai H, Wang Y, Li H, Deng Z, He F. Chlorinated Oligomers with Regulate Planarity Achieving Superior Photovoltaic Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:27463-27469. [PMID: 38743927 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Chlorine substitution, as an effective and low-cost modification strategy, has been applied in the design of donor and acceptor structures in organic solar cells. We synthesized a series of chlorinated dimerized acceptors to investigate the effect of chlorine numbers and locations on the photovoltaic properties. The results show that the planarity and morphology of DYV-γ-2Cl are greatly improved due to the appropriate numbers and positions of the substituted chlorine atoms. Therefore, the device based on PM6:DYV-γ-2Cl achieves a superior power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.54% among the three oligomeric acceptors with optimized molecular planarity and film morphology. This work demonstrated the positive effect of suitable numbers and the substitution positions of chlorines on the molecular arrangement and photovoltaic properties of the corresponding dimerized acceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Shen
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shilong Xiong
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hanjian Lai
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Heng Li
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zihao Deng
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Feng He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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7
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Rahman MB, Islam A, Iimori T. Exciton Delocalization and Polarizability in Perylenetetracarboxylic Diimide Probed Using Electroabsorption and Fluorescence Spectroscopies. Molecules 2024; 29:2206. [PMID: 38792068 PMCID: PMC11123886 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI) is an n-type organic semiconductor molecule that has been widely utilized in numerous applications such as photocatalysis and field-effect transistors. Polarizability and dipole moment, which are inherent properties of molecules, are important parameters that determine their responses to external electric and optical fields, physical properties, and reactivity. These parameters are fundamentally important for the design of innovative materials. In this study, the effects of external electric fields on absorption and fluorescence spectra were investigated to obtain the PTCDI parameters. The PTCDI substituted by an octyl group (N,N'-Dioctyl-3,4,9,10-perylenedicarboximide) dispersed in a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) matrix was studied in this work. The features of vibronic progression in the absorption spectrum were analogous to those observed in solution. The red shift of the absorption band caused by the Stark effect was mainly observed in the presence of an external electric field. Changes in parameters such as the dipole moment and polarizability between the ground and the Franck-Condon excited states of the PTCDI monomer were determined. The fluorescence spectrum shows a contribution from a broad fluorescence band at wavelengths longer than the monomer fluorescence band. This broad fluorescence is ascribed to the excimer-like fluorescence of PTCDI. The effects of the electric field on the fluorescence spectrum, known as the Stark fluorescence or electrofluorescence spectrum, were measured. Fluorescence quenching is observed in the presence of an external electric field. The change in the polarizability of the monomer fluorescence band is in good agreement with that of the electroabsorption spectrum. A larger change in the polarizability was observed for the excimer-like fluorescence band than that for the monomer band. This result is consistent with exciton delocalization between PTCDI molecules in the excimer-like state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Toshifumi Iimori
- Department of Sciences and Informatics, Muroran Institute of Technology, Mizumoto-cho 27-1, Muroran 050-8585, Hokkaido, Japan; (M.B.R.); (A.I.)
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8
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Zhou Z, Luo N, Cui T, Luo L, Pu M, Wang Y, He F, Jia C, Shao X, Zhang HL, Liu Z. Pre-Endcapping of Hyperbranched Polymers toward Intrinsically Stretchable Semiconductors with Good Ductility and Carrier Mobility. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2313312. [PMID: 38318963 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The advancement of semiconducting polymers stands as a pivotal milestone in the quest to realize wearable electronics. Nonetheless, endowing semiconductor polymers with stretchability without compromising their carrier mobility remains a formidable challenge. This study proposes a "pre-endcapping" strategy for synthesizing hyperbranched semiconducting polymers (HBSPs), aiming to achieve the balance between carrier mobility and stretchability for organic electronics. The findings unveil that the aggregates formed by the endcapped hyperbranched network structure not only ensure efficient charge transport but also demonstrate superior tensile resistance. In comparison to linear conjugated polymers, HBSPs exhibit substantially larger crack onset strains and notably diminished tensile moduli. It is evident that the HBSPs surpass their linear counterparts in terms of both their semiconducting and mechanical properties. Among HBSPs, HBSP-72h-2.5 stands out as the preeminent candidate within the field of inherently stretchable semiconducting polymers, maintaining 93% of its initial mobility even when subjected to 100% strain (1.41 ± 0.206 cm2 V-1 s-1). Furthermore, thin film devices of HBSP-72h-2.5 remain stable after undergoing repeated stretching and releasing cycles. Notably, the mobilities are independent of the stretching directions, showing isotropic charge transport behavior. The preliminary study makes this "pre-endcapping" strategy a potential candidate for the future design of organic materials for flexible electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqiong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Nan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Tianqiang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Liang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Mingrui Pu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Feng He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chunyang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Xiangfeng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hao-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zitong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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Guo H, Guo J, Wang Y, Wang H, Cheng S, Wang Z, Miao Q, Xu X. An Organic Optoelectronic Synapse with Multilevel Memory Enabled by Gate Modulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38573883 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c19624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Artificial synaptic devices are emerging as contenders for next-generation computing systems due to their combined advantages of self-adaptive learning mechanisms, high parallel computation capabilities, adjustable memory level, and energy efficiency. Optoelectronic devices are particularly notable for their responsiveness to both voltage inputs and light exposure, making them attractive for dynamic modulation. However, engineering devices with reconfigurable synaptic plasticity and multilevel memory within a singular configuration present a fundamental challenge. Here, we have established an organic transistor-based synaptic device that exhibits both volatile and nonvolatile memory characteristics, modulated through gate voltage together with light stimuli. Our device demonstrates a range of synaptic behaviors, including both short/long-term plasticity (STP and LTP) as well as STP-LTP transitions. Further, as an encoding unit, it delivers exceptional read current levels, achieving a program/erase current ratio exceeding 105, with excellent repeatability. Additionally, a prototype 4 × 4 matrix demonstrates potential in practical neuromorphic systems, showing capabilities in the perception, processing, and memory retention of image inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Guo
- Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yujing Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hezhen Wang
- Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Simin Cheng
- Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zehao Wang
- Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qian Miao
- Department of Chemistry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xiaomin Xu
- Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
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10
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Frasca S, Galkin M, Stro̷mme M, Lindh J, Gising J. Toward Biomass-Based Organic Electronics: Continuous Flow Synthesis and Electropolymerization of N-Substituted Pyrroles. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:13852-13859. [PMID: 38559979 PMCID: PMC10975589 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Pyrroles are foundational building blocks in a wide array of disciplines, including chemistry, pharmaceuticals, and materials science. Currently sourced from nonrenewable fossil sources, there is a strive to explore alternative and sustainable synthetic pathways to pyrroles utilizing renewable feedstocks. The utilization of biomass resources presents a compelling solution, particularly given that several key bulk and fine chemicals already originate from biomass. For instance, 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran and aniline are promising candidates for biomass-based chemical production. In this study, we present an innovative approach for synthesizing N-substituted pyrroles by modifying the Clauson-Kaas protocol, starting from 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran as the precursor. The developed methodology offers the advantage of producing pyrroles under mild reaction conditions with the potential for catalyst-free reactions depending upon the structural features of the substrate. We devised protocols suitable for both continuous flow and batch reactions, enabling the conversion of a wide range of anilines and sulfonamides into their respective N-substituted pyrroles with good to excellent yields. Moreover, we demonstrate the feasibility of depositing thin films of the corresponding polymers onto electrodes through in situ electropolymerization. This innovative application showcases the potential for sustainable, biomass-based organic electronics, thus, paving the way for environmentally friendly advancements in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Frasca
- Nanotechnology and Functional
Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 03Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maxim Galkin
- Nanotechnology and Functional
Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 03Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Stro̷mme
- Nanotechnology and Functional
Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 03Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Lindh
- Nanotechnology and Functional
Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 03Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Gising
- Nanotechnology and Functional
Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ångström
Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 03Uppsala, Sweden
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11
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Ren S, Wang S, Chen J, Yi Z. Design of Novel Functional Conductive Structures and Preparation of High-Hole-Mobility Polymer Transistors by Green Synthesis Using Acceptor-Donor-Acceptor Strategies. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:396. [PMID: 38337285 DOI: 10.3390/polym16030396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The design of novel acceptor molecular structures based on classical building blocks is regarded as one of the efficient ways to explore the application of organic conjugated materials in conductivity and electronics. Here, a novel acceptor moiety, thiophene-vinyl-diketopyrrolopyrrole (TVDPP), was envisioned and prepared with a longer conjugation length and a more rigid structure than thiophene-diketopyrrolopyrrole (TDPP). The brominated TVDPP can be sequentially bonded to trimethyltin-containing benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole units via Suzuki polycondensation to efficiently prepare the polymer PTVDPP-BSz, which features high molecular weight and excellent thermal stability. The polymerization process takes only 24 h and eliminates the need for chlorinated organic solvents or toxic tin-based reagents. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations and film morphology analyses verify the planarity and high crystallinity of the material, respectively, which facilitates the achievement of high carrier mobility. Conductivity measurements of the polymeric material in the organic transistor device show a hole mobility of 0.34 cm2 V-1 s-1, which illustrates its potential for functionalized semiconductor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Ren
- Advanced Materials Platform Laboratory, Zhuhai Fudan Innovation and Science Research Center, Guangdong-Macao In-Depth Cooperation Zone in Hengqin 519000, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process of Zhejiang Key Laboratory, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Sichun Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jinyang Chen
- Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process of Zhejiang Key Laboratory, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Zhengran Yi
- Advanced Materials Platform Laboratory, Zhuhai Fudan Innovation and Science Research Center, Guangdong-Macao In-Depth Cooperation Zone in Hengqin 519000, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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12
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Zhu X, Duan J, Chen J, Liu R, Qin Z, Chen H, Yue W. Aldol Condensation for the Construction of Organic Functional Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202311879. [PMID: 37711068 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Aldol condensation is a cost-effective and sustainable synthetic method, offering the advantages of low complexity, substrate universality, and high efficiency. Over the past decade, it has become popular for creating next-generation organic functional materials, particularly rigid-rod conjugated (semi)conductors. This review focuses on conjugated small molecules, oligomers, and polymeric (semi)conductors synthesized through aldol condensation, with emphasis on their remarkable features in advancing n-type organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs), organic photovoltaics (OPVs), and organic thermoelectrics (OTEs) as well as NIR-II photothermal conversion. Coherence character, optical properties, microstructure, and chain conformation are investigated to understand material-property relationships. Future applications and challenges in this area are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Jiayao Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Junxin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Riping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Ze Qin
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Science for Advanced Materials and Large-Scale Scientific Facilities, School of Physical Sciences, Great Bay University, Dongguan, 523000, P. R. China
- Great Bay Institute for Advanced Study, Dongguan, 523000, P. R. China
| | - Hu Chen
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Science for Advanced Materials and Large-Scale Scientific Facilities, School of Physical Sciences, Great Bay University, Dongguan, 523000, P. R. China
- Great Bay Institute for Advanced Study, Dongguan, 523000, P. R. China
| | - Wan Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
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13
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Germer S, Bauer M, Hübner O, Marten R, Dreuw A, Himmel HJ. Isolated Dimers Versus Solid-State Dimers of N-Heteropolycycles: Matrix-Isolation Spectroscopy in Concert with Quantum Chemistry. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302296. [PMID: 37860944 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
In this work, matrix-isolation spectroscopy and quantum-chemical calculations are used together to analyse the structure and properties of weakly bound dimers of the two isomers benzo[a]acridine and benzo[c]acridine. Our measured experimental electronic absorbance spectra agree with simulated spectra calculated for the equilibrium structures of the dimers in gas-phase, but in contrast, disagree with the simulated spectra calculated for the structures obtained by optimising the experimental solid-state structures. This highlights the sensitivity of the electronic excitations with respect to the dimer structures. The comparison between the solid-state and gas-phase dimers shows how far the intermolecular interactions could change the geometric and electronic structure in a disordered bulk material or at device interfaces, imposing consequences for exciton and charge mobility and other material properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Germer
- Inorganic Chemistry, Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marco Bauer
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen (IWR), Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olaf Hübner
- Inorganic Chemistry, Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ramona Marten
- Inorganic Chemistry, Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen (IWR), Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Himmel
- Inorganic Chemistry, Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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14
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Chen J, Ding Y, Zhou J, Li N, Ren S, Zeng M. Preparation of Novel Organic Polymer Semiconductor and Its Properties in Transistors through Collaborative Theoretical and Experimental Approaches. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4421. [PMID: 38006144 PMCID: PMC10674425 DOI: 10.3390/polym15224421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Conjugated polymer semiconductors based on donor-acceptor structures are commonly employed as core materials for optoelectronic devices in the field of organic electronics. In this study, we designed and synthesized a novel acceptor unit thiophene-vinyl-diketopyrrolopyrrole, named TVDPP, based on a four-step organic synthesis procedure. Stille coupling reactions were applied with high yields of polymerization of TVDPP with fluorinated thiophene (FT) monomer. The molecular weight and thermal stability of the polymers were tested and showed high molecular weight and good thermal stability. Theoretical simulation calculations and 2D grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) tests verified the planarity of the material and excellent stacking properties, which are favorable for achieving high carrier mobility. Measurements based on the polymer as an organic thin film transistor (OTFT) device were carried out, and the mobility and on/off current ratio reached 0.383 cm2 V-1 s-1 and 104, respectively, showing its great potential in organic optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyang Chen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China; (J.C.); (N.L.)
| | - Yubing Ding
- Zhuhai-Fudan Innovation Research Institute, Hengqin 519000, China;
| | - Jie Zhou
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China; (J.C.); (N.L.)
| | - Na Li
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China; (J.C.); (N.L.)
| | - Shiwei Ren
- Zhuhai-Fudan Innovation Research Institute, Hengqin 519000, China;
| | - Minfeng Zeng
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China; (J.C.); (N.L.)
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15
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Liu A, Lee M, Venkatesh R, Bonsu JA, Volkovinsky R, Meredith JC, Reichmanis E, Grover MA. Conjugated Polymer Process Ontology and Experimental Data Repository for Organic Field-Effect Transistors. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023; 35:8816-8826. [PMID: 38027538 PMCID: PMC10653076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c01842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-based semiconductors and organic electronics encapsulate a significant research thrust for informatics-driven materials development. However, device measurements are described by a complex array of design and parameter choices, many of which are sparsely reported. For example, the mobility of a polymer-based organic field-effect transistor (OFET) may vary by several orders of magnitude for a given polymer as a plethora of parameters related to solution processing, interface design/surface treatment, thin-film deposition, postprocessing, and measurement settings have a profound effect on the value of the final measurement. Incomplete contextual, experimental details hamper the availability of reusable data applicable for data-driven optimization, modeling (e.g., machine learning), and analysis of new organic devices. To curate organic device databases that contain reproducible and findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) experimental data records, data ontologies that fully describe sample provenance and process history are required. However, standards for generating such process ontologies are not widely adopted for experimental materials domains. In this work, we design and implement an object-relational database for storing experimental records of OFETs. A data structure is generated by drawing on an international standard for batch process control (ISA-88) to facilitate the design. We then mobilize these representative data records, curated from the literature and laboratory experiments, to enable data-driven learning of process-structure-property relationships. The work presented herein opens the door for the broader adoption of data management practices and design standards for both the organic electronics and the wider materials community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron
L. Liu
- School
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Myeongyeon Lee
- Department
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, 124 East Morton Street, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Rahul Venkatesh
- School
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Jessica A. Bonsu
- School
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Ron Volkovinsky
- School
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - J. Carson Meredith
- School
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Elsa Reichmanis
- Department
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, 124 East Morton Street, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Martha A. Grover
- School
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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16
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Kuznetsov IE, Piryazev AA, Akhkiamova AF, Sideltsev ME, Anokhin DV, Lolaeva AV, Gapanovich MV, Zamoretskov DS, Sagdullina DK, Klyuev MV, Ivanov DA, Akkuratov AV. Remarkable Enhancement of Hole Mobility of Novel DA-D'-AD Small Molecules by Thermal Annealing: Effect of the D'-Bridge Block. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202300310. [PMID: 37560983 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated small molecules are advanced semiconductor materials with attractive physicochemical and optoelectronic properties enabling the development of next-generation electronic devices. The charge carrier mobility of small molecules strongly influences the efficiency of organic and hybrid electronics based on them. Herein, we report the synthesis of four novel small molecules and their investigation with regard to the impact of molecular structure and thermal treatment of films on charge carriers' mobility. The benzodithiophene-containing compounds (BDT) were shown to be more promising in terms of tuning the morphology upon thermal treatment. Impressive enhancement of hole mobilities by more than 50 times was found for annealed films based on a compound M4 comprising triisopropylsilyl-functionalized BDT core. The results provide a favorable experience and strategy for the rational design of state-of-the-art organic semiconductor materials (OSMs) and for improving their charge-transport characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya E Kuznetsov
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (FRC PCPMC RAS), Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey A Piryazev
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (FRC PCPMC RAS), Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russian Federation
- Moscow State University, GSP-1, 1 Leninskiye Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave, 354340, Sochi, Russian Federation
| | - Azaliia F Akhkiamova
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (FRC PCPMC RAS), Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russian Federation
- Moscow State University, GSP-1, 1 Leninskiye Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Maxim E Sideltsev
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (FRC PCPMC RAS), Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russian Federation
| | - Denis V Anokhin
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (FRC PCPMC RAS), Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russian Federation
- Moscow State University, GSP-1, 1 Leninskiye Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave, 354340, Sochi, Russian Federation
| | - Alina V Lolaeva
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (FRC PCPMC RAS), Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail V Gapanovich
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (FRC PCPMC RAS), Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russian Federation
- Moscow State University, GSP-1, 1 Leninskiye Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Davlad S Zamoretskov
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (FRC PCPMC RAS), Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russian Federation
- Ivanovo State University, Ermaka 39, Ivanovo, 153025, Russian Federation
| | - Diana K Sagdullina
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (FRC PCPMC RAS), Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail V Klyuev
- Ivanovo State University, Ermaka 39, Ivanovo, 153025, Russian Federation
| | - Dimitri A Ivanov
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (FRC PCPMC RAS), Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russian Federation
- Moscow State University, GSP-1, 1 Leninskiye Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave, 354340, Sochi, Russian Federation
- Institut de Sciences des Matériaux de Mulhouse-IS2M CNRS UMR 7361, 15, rue Jean Starcky, F-68057, Mulhouse, France
| | - Alexander V Akkuratov
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (FRC PCPMC RAS), Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russian Federation
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17
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Cang R, Zhang M, Zhou X, Zhu K, Zhang X, Cao D. A High-Rate and Long-Life Aqueous Rechargeable Mg-Ion Battery Based on an Organic Anode Integrating Diimide and Triazine. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202202347. [PMID: 36648289 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous Mg-ion batteries (MIBs) lack reliable anode materials. This study concerns the design and synthesis of a new anode material - a π-conjugate of 3D-poly(3,4,9,10-perylenetracarboxylic diimide-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine) [3D-P(PDI-T)] - for aqueous MIBs. The increased aromatic structure inhibits solubility in aqueous electrolytes, enhancing its structural stability. The 3D-P(PDI-T) anode exhibits several notable characteristics, including an extremely high rate capacity of 358 mAh g-1 at 0.05 A g-1 , A 3D-P(PDI-T)‖Mg2 MnO4 full cell exhibits a reversible capacity of 148 mAh g-1 and a long cycle life of 5000 cycles at 0.5 A g-1 . The charge storage mechanism reveals a synergistic interaction of Mg2+ and H+ cations with C-N/C=O groups. The assembled 3D-P(PDI-T)‖Mg2 MnO4 full cell exhibits a capacity retention of around 95 % after 5000 cycles at 0.5 A g-1 . This 3D-P(PDI-T) anode sustained its framework structure during the charge-discharge cycling of Mg-ion batteries. The reported results provide a strong basis for a cutting-edge molecular engineering technique to afford improved organic materials that facilitate efficient charge-storage behavior of aqueous Mg-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruibai Cang
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, 150025, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Mingyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, 150025, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Xuejiao Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, 150025, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, 150001, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Xitian Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, 150025, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Dianxue Cao
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, 150001, Harbin, P. R. China
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Abstract
With the advent of a new era of smart-technology, the demand for more economic optoelectronic materials that do not compromise with efficiency is gradually on the rise. Organic semiconductors provide greener alternatives to the conventional inorganic ones, but encounter the challenge of balancing charge carrier mobility with processability in devices. Discotic liquid crystals (DLCs), a class of self-assembling soft organic materials, possess the perfect degree of order and dynamics to address this challenge. Providing unidimensional charge carrier pathways through their nanoscale columnar architecture, DLCs can behave as efficient charge transport systems across a wide range of optoelectronic devices. Moreover, DLCs are solution-processable, thus reducing the fabrication cost. In this article, we have discussed the approaches towards developing DLCs as semiconductors, focusing on their molecular design concepts, supramolecular structures and electronic properties in the context of their charge carrier mobilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritobrata De
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli-140306, India.
| | - Santanu Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli-140306, India.
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19
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Chen J, Zhang W, Wang L, Yu G. Recent Research Progress of Organic Small-Molecule Semiconductors with High Electron Mobilities. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2210772. [PMID: 36519670 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Organic electronics has made great progress in the past decades, which is inseparable from the innovative development of organic electronic devices and the diversity of organic semiconductor materials. It is worth mentioning that both of these great advances are inextricably linked to the development of organic high-performance semiconductor materials, especially the representative n-type organic small-molecule semiconductor materials with high electron mobilities. The n-type organic small molecules have the advantages of simple synthesis process, strong intermolecular stacking, tunable molecular structure, and easy to functionalize structures. Furthermore, the n-type semiconductor is a remarkable and important component for constructing complementary logic circuits and p-n heterojunction structures. Therefore, n-type organic semiconductors play an extremely important role in the field of organic electronic materials and are the basis for the industrialization of organic electronic functional devices. This review focuses on the modification strategies of organic small molecules with high electron mobility at molecular level, and discusses in detail the applications of n-type small-molecule semiconductor materials with high mobility in organic field-effect transistors, organic light-emitting transistors, organic photodetectors, and gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadi Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Liping Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Gui Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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20
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Bendrea AD, Cianga L, Göen Colak D, Constantinescu D, Cianga I. Thiophene End-Functionalized Oligo-(D,L-Lactide) as a New Electroactive Macromonomer for the "Hairy-Rod" Type Conjugated Polymers Synthesis. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051094. [PMID: 36904339 PMCID: PMC10006927 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of the modern society imposes a fast-growing demand for new advanced functional polymer materials. To this aim, one of the most plausible current methodologies is the end-group functionalization of existing conventional polymers. If the end functional group is able to polymerize, this method enables the synthesis of a molecularly complex, grafted architecture that opens the access to a wider range of material properties, as well as tailoring the special functions required for certain applications. In this context, the present paper reports on α-thienyl-ω-hydroxyl-end-groups functionalized oligo-(D,L-lactide) (Th-PDLLA), which was designed to combine the polymerizability and photophysical properties of thiophene with the biocompatibility and biodegradability of poly-(D,L-lactide). Th-PDLLA was synthesized using the path of "functional initiator" in the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of (D,L)-lactide, assisted by stannous 2-ethyl hexanoate (Sn(oct)2). The results of NMR and FT-IR spectroscopic methods confirmed the Th-PDLLA's expected structure, while the oligomeric nature of Th-PDLLA, as resulting from the calculations based on 1H-NMR data, is supported by the findings from gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and by the results of the thermal analyses. The behavior of Th-PDLLA in different organic solvents, evaluated by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, but also by dynamic light scattering (DLS), suggested the presence of colloidal supramolecular structures, underlining the nature of the macromonomer Th-PDLLA as an "shape amphiphile". To test its functionality, the ability of Th-PDLLA to work as a building block for the synthesis of molecular composites was demonstrated by photoinduced oxidative homopolymerization in the presence of diphenyliodonium salt (DPI). The occurrence of a polymerization process, with the formation of a thiophene-conjugated oligomeric main chain grafted with oligomeric PDLLA, was proven, in addition to the visual changes, by the results of GPC, 1H-NMR, FT-IR, UV-vis and fluorescence measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca-Dana Bendrea
- “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, 41A, Grigore–GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Luminita Cianga
- “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, 41A, Grigore–GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (I.C.); Tel.: +40-332-880-220 (L.C. & I.C.)
| | - Demet Göen Colak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Ioan Cianga
- “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, 41A, Grigore–GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (I.C.); Tel.: +40-332-880-220 (L.C. & I.C.)
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Kim S, Yoo H, Choi J. Effects of Charge Traps on Hysteresis in Organic Field-Effect Transistors and Their Charge Trap Cause Analysis through Causal Inference Techniques. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:2265. [PMID: 36850862 PMCID: PMC9959125 DOI: 10.3390/s23042265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hysteresis in organic field-effect transistors is attributed to the well-known bias stress effects. This is a phenomenon in which the measured drain-source current varies when sweeping the gate voltage from on to off or from off to on. Hysteresis is caused by various factors, and one of the most common is charge trapping. A charge trap is a defect that occurs in an interface state or part of a semiconductor, and it refers to an electronic state that appears distributed in the semiconductor's energy band gap. Extensive research has been conducted recently on obtaining a better understanding of charge traps for hysteresis. However, it is still difficult to accurately measure or characterize them, and their effects on the hysteresis of organic transistors remain largely unknown. In this study, we conduct a literature survey on the hysteresis caused by charge traps from various perspectives. We first analyze the driving principle of organic transistors and introduce various types of hysteresis. Subsequently, we analyze charge traps and determine their influence on hysteresis. In particular, we analyze various estimation models for the traps and the dynamics of the hysteresis generated through these traps. Lastly, we conclude this study by explaining the causal inference approach, which is a machine learning technique typically used for current data analysis, and its implementation for the quantitative analysis of the causal relationship between the hysteresis and the traps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somi Kim
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Hochen Yoo
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Choi
- School of Computing, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
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