1
|
Mamo W, Moges A, Yesuf SA, Mohamedsaid A, Arega G. Treatment outcomes of pediatrics acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and associated factors in the country's tertiary referral hospital, Ethiopia. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:640. [PMID: 38789952 PMCID: PMC11127368 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12404-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children with cancer in Africa and other developing continents. Systemic chemotherapy and effective supportive care have significantly contributed to increased survival rates of pediatric AML in developed countries reaching approximately 70%. There is a paucity of contextual data regarding overall and event-free survival outcomes in children with acute myeloid leukemia in developing countries and most centers in Africa provide palliative care. The objective of this study was to assess the overall survival, event-free survival, and associated factors in pediatric AML patients treated in Ethiopia. METHODS This retrospective study was conducted on Pediatric AML patients treated at Tikur Anbessa Hospital between January 1, 2015, and May 30, 2022. The socio-demographic profile of patients, the clinical characteristics, the biochemical and morphological subtypes of AML were analyzed using SPSS version 25. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to estimate the probabilities of overall and event-free survival. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS A total of 92 children with AML were included in this study. The median age at diagnosis was 7 years (interquartile range: 5-10 years) with a slight male predominance. The median duration of symptoms was one month. Neutropenic fever (56, 86.2%) was the most common complication during treatment. About 29.3% of the patients succumbed to early death. The corresponding 1-year and 3-year OS probabilities were 28.2% and 23% respectively. The median event-free survival time for all pediatric AML patients was one-month (95% CI: 0.77-1.23). The determinants of poorer survival outcomes were FAB subtype, type of protocol used, and signs of CNS involvement (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The survival rates of children from AML were low in the study setting. More than 25% of AML patients succumbed to early death, and febrile neutropenia was the most common complication. Effective supportive and therapeutic measures should be taken to manage febrile neutropenia and to prevent early death in AML patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wudinesh Mamo
- Pediatrician and Child Health Specialist, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ayalew Moges
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 9080, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Subah Abderehim Yesuf
- Department of Family Medicine, St. Peter Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Abdulkadir Mohamedsaid
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 9080, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Gashaw Arega
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 9080, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Karakaslar EO, Severens JF, Sánchez-López E, van Veelen PA, Zlei M, van Dongen JJM, Otte AM, Halkes CJM, van Balen P, Veelken H, Reinders MJT, Griffioen M, van den Akker EB. A transcriptomic based deconvolution framework for assessing differentiation stages and drug responses of AML. NPJ Precis Oncol 2024; 8:105. [PMID: 38762545 PMCID: PMC11102519 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-024-00596-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The diagnostic spectrum for AML patients is increasingly based on genetic abnormalities due to their prognostic and predictive value. However, information on the AML blast phenotype regarding their maturational arrest has started to regain importance due to its predictive power for drug responses. Here, we deconvolute 1350 bulk RNA-seq samples from five independent AML cohorts on a single-cell healthy BM reference and demonstrate that the morphological differentiation stages (FAB) could be faithfully reconstituted using estimated cell compositions (ECCs). Moreover, we show that the ECCs reliably predict ex-vivo drug resistances as demonstrated for Venetoclax, a BCL-2 inhibitor, resistance specifically in AML with CD14+ monocyte phenotype. We validate these predictions using LUMC proteomics data by showing that BCL-2 protein abundance is split into two distinct clusters for NPM1-mutated AML at the extremes of CD14+ monocyte percentages, which could be crucial for the Venetoclax dosing patients. Our results suggest that Venetoclax resistance predictions can also be extended to AML without recurrent genetic abnormalities and possibly to MDS-related and secondary AML. Lastly, we show that CD14+ monocytic dominated Ven/Aza treated patients have significantly lower overall survival. Collectively, we propose a framework for allowing a joint mutation and maturation stage modeling that could be used as a blueprint for testing sensitivity for new agents across the various subtypes of AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Onur Karakaslar
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Pattern Recognition & Bioinformatics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
- Leiden Center for Computational Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeppe F Severens
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Pattern Recognition & Bioinformatics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
- Leiden Center for Computational Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Elena Sánchez-López
- Leiden Center for Computational Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter A van Veelen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mihaela Zlei
- Department of Flow Cytometry, Medical Laboratory, Regional Institute of Oncology, Iasi, Romania
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jacques J M van Dongen
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CIC-IBMCC, USAL-CSIC-FICUS) and Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Annemarie M Otte
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Peter van Balen
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrik Veelken
- Leiden Center for Computational Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel J T Reinders
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Pattern Recognition & Bioinformatics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
- Leiden Center for Computational Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke Griffioen
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Erik B van den Akker
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Pattern Recognition & Bioinformatics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
- Leiden Center for Computational Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Selheim F, Aasebø E, Reikvam H, Bruserud Ø, Hernandez-Valladares M. Monocytic Differentiation of Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells: A Proteomic and Phosphoproteomic Comparison of FAB-M4/M5 Patients with and without Nucleophosmin 1 Mutations. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5080. [PMID: 38791118 PMCID: PMC11121526 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Even though morphological signs of differentiation have a minimal impact on survival after intensive cytotoxic therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), monocytic AML cell differentiation (i.e., classified as French/American/British (FAB) subtypes M4/M5) is associated with a different responsiveness both to Bcl-2 inhibition (decreased responsiveness) and possibly also bromodomain inhibition (increased responsiveness). FAB-M4/M5 patients are heterogeneous with regard to genetic abnormalities, even though monocytic differentiation is common for patients with Nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) insertions/mutations; to further study the heterogeneity of FAB-M4/M5 patients we did a proteomic and phosphoproteomic comparison of FAB-M4/M5 patients with (n = 13) and without (n = 12) NPM1 mutations. The proteomic profile of NPM1-mutated FAB-M4/M5 patients was characterized by increased levels of proteins involved in the regulation of endocytosis/vesicle trafficking/organellar communication. In contrast, AML cells without NPM1 mutations were characterized by increased levels of several proteins involved in the regulation of cytoplasmic translation, including a large number of ribosomal proteins. The phosphoproteomic differences between the two groups were less extensive but reflected similar differences. To conclude, even though FAB classification/monocytic differentiation are associated with differences in responsiveness to new targeted therapies (e.g., Bcl-2 inhibition), our results shows that FAB-M4/M5 patients are heterogeneous with regard to important biological characteristics of the leukemic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frode Selheim
- Proteomics Unit of University of Bergen (PROBE), University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Elise Aasebø
- Acute Leukemia Research Group, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway; (E.A.); (H.R.); (Ø.B.)
| | - Håkon Reikvam
- Acute Leukemia Research Group, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway; (E.A.); (H.R.); (Ø.B.)
- Section for Hematology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Øystein Bruserud
- Acute Leukemia Research Group, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway; (E.A.); (H.R.); (Ø.B.)
- Section for Hematology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Maria Hernandez-Valladares
- Proteomics Unit of University of Bergen (PROBE), University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Granada, Avenida de la Fuente Nueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hollands CG, Boyd AL, Zhao X, Reid JC, Henly C, ElRafie A, Boylan D, Broder E, Kalau O, Johnson P, Mark A, McNicol J, Xenocostas A, Berg T, Foley R, Trus M, Leber B, Garcia-Horton A, Campbell C, Bhatia M. Identification of cells of leukemic stem cell origin with non-canonical regenerative properties. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101485. [PMID: 38582086 PMCID: PMC11031376 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Despite most acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients entering remission following chemotherapy, outcomes remain poor due to surviving leukemic cells that contribute to relapse. The nature of these enduring cells is poorly understood. Here, through temporal single-cell transcriptomic characterization of AML hierarchical regeneration in response to chemotherapy, we reveal a cell population: AML regeneration enriched cells (RECs). RECs are defined by CD74/CD68 expression, and although derived from leukemic stem cells (LSCs), are devoid of stem/progenitor capacity. Based on REC in situ proximity to CD34-expressing cells identified using spatial transcriptomics on AML patient bone marrow samples, RECs demonstrate the ability to augment or reduce leukemic regeneration in vivo based on transfusion or depletion, respectively. Furthermore, RECs are prognostic for patient survival as well as predictive of treatment failure in AML cohorts. Our study reveals RECs as a previously unknown functional catalyst of LSC-driven regeneration contributing to the non-canonical framework of AML regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron G Hollands
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Allison L Boyd
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Xueli Zhao
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Jennifer C Reid
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Charisa Henly
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Amro ElRafie
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - David Boylan
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Emily Broder
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Olivia Kalau
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Paige Johnson
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Alyssa Mark
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Jamie McNicol
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Anargyros Xenocostas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Schulich School of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada; Hematology Exploration and Applications in Leukemia (HEAL) Program, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Tobias Berg
- Hematology Exploration and Applications in Leukemia (HEAL) Program, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Ronan Foley
- Hematology Exploration and Applications in Leukemia (HEAL) Program, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Michael Trus
- Hematology Exploration and Applications in Leukemia (HEAL) Program, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Brian Leber
- Hematology Exploration and Applications in Leukemia (HEAL) Program, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Alejandro Garcia-Horton
- Hematology Exploration and Applications in Leukemia (HEAL) Program, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Clinton Campbell
- Hematology Exploration and Applications in Leukemia (HEAL) Program, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Mickie Bhatia
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada; Hematology Exploration and Applications in Leukemia (HEAL) Program, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Selheim F, Aasebø E, Bruserud Ø, Hernandez-Valladares M. High Mitochondrial Protein Expression as a Potential Predictor of Relapse Risk in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients with the Monocytic FAB Subtypes M4 and M5. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:8. [PMID: 38201437 PMCID: PMC10778527 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
AML is a highly aggressive and heterogeneous form of hematological cancer. Proteomics-based stratification of patients into more refined subgroups may contribute to a more precise characterization of the patient-derived AML cells. Here, we reanalyzed liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) generated proteomic and phosphoproteomic data from 26 FAB-M4/M5 patients. The patients achieved complete hematological remission after induction therapy. Twelve of them later developed chemoresistant relapse (RELAPSE), and 14 patients were relapse-free (REL_FREE) long-term survivors. We considered not only the RELAPSE and REL_FREE characteristics but also integrated the French-American-British (FAB) classification, along with considering the presence of nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) mutation and cytogenetically normal AML. We found a significant number of differentially enriched proteins (911) and phosphoproteins (257) between the various FAB subtypes in RELAPSE patients. Patients with the myeloblastic M1/M2 subtype showed higher levels of RNA processing-related routes and lower levels of signaling related to terms like translation and degranulation when compared with the M4/M5 subtype. Moreover, we found that a high abundance of proteins associated with mitochondrial translation and oxidative phosphorylation, particularly observed in the RELAPSE M4/M5 NPM1 mutated subgroup, distinguishes relapsing from non-relapsing AML patient cells with the FAB subtype M4/M5. Thus, the discovery of subtype-specific biomarkers through proteomic profiling may complement the existing classification system for AML and potentially aid in selecting personalized treatment strategies for individual patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frode Selheim
- Proteomics Unit of University of Bergen (PROBE), University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Elise Aasebø
- Acute Leukemia Research Group, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway; (E.A.); (Ø.B.)
| | - Øystein Bruserud
- Acute Leukemia Research Group, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway; (E.A.); (Ø.B.)
- Section for Hematology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Maria Hernandez-Valladares
- Proteomics Unit of University of Bergen (PROBE), University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Excellence Unit in Chemistry Applied to Biomedicine and Environment, School of Sciences, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bashi MA, Ad'hiah AH. Interleukin-37 gene expression is down-regulated in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and shown to be affected by CD14 and HLA-DR immunophenotypes. Cytokine 2023; 171:156368. [PMID: 37716188 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence has indicated that interleukin 37 (IL-37) shows down-regulated expression in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but its association with immunophenotypic markers has not been explored. In the current study, IL37 mRNA expression was analyzed in the peripheral blood of 131 AML patients and 100 controls using the 2-ΔΔCt method (fold change), which was based on the principles of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. AML patients were characterized in terms of gender, therapy, fms-like tyrosine kinase 3/internal tandem duplication (FLT3/ITD) and nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) mutations, French-American-British classification (FAB), World Health Organization (WHO) classification, and immunophenotypes of 25 cytoplasmic and surface markers. IL37 mRNA expression was given as median and interquartile range. Low expression of IL37 mRNA (0.273 [0.062-0.456]) was found in AML patients. This reduced expression was more pronounced in females than in males but the difference was significant before the Bonferroni correction (0.196 [0.045-0.411] vs. 0.4 [0.153-0.466]; probability [p] = 0.008; corrected p = 0.064). In addition, the FAB M4 type (0.109 [0.031-0.269]) and the WHO PML-RARA type (0.171 [0.061-0.482]) had the lowest expression of IL37 mRNA among the other types. For immunophenotypes, only two significant differences were found. First, CD14-positive patients showed a lower level of expression than CD14-negative patients (0.146 [0.033-0.413] vs. 0.323 [0.108-0.468]; p = 0.02). Second, HLA-DR-positive patients showed a higher level of expression than HLA-DR-negative patients (0.325 [0.163-0.474] vs. 0.214 [0.045-0.42]; p = 0.04). However, the corrected p-value was not significant in both cases (p > 0.05). In conclusion, IL37 mRNA expression was down-regulated in AML patients, especially females, and those with the FAB M4 type and the WHO PML-RARA type. This expression may be affected by the immunophenotypic markers CD14 and HLA-DR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa A Bashi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali H Ad'hiah
- Tropical-Biological Research Unit, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dancik GM, Varisli L, Tolan V, Vlahopoulos S. Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Genes as Prospective Actionable Targets in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1807. [PMID: 37761947 PMCID: PMC10531322 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been previously shown that the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) family member ALDH1A1 has a significant association with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patient risk group classification and that AML cells lacking ALDH1A1 expression can be readily killed via chemotherapy. In the past, however, a redundancy between the activities of subgroup members of the ALDH family has hampered the search for conclusive evidence to address the role of specific ALDH genes. Here, we describe the bioinformatics evaluation of all nineteen member genes of the ALDH family as prospective actionable targets for the development of methods aimed to improve AML treatment. We implicate ALDH1A1 in the development of recurrent AML, and we show that from the nineteen members of the ALDH family, ALDH1A1 and ALDH2 have the strongest association with AML patient risk group classification. Furthermore, we discover that the sum of the expression values for RNA from the genes, ALDH1A1 and ALDH2, has a stronger association with AML patient risk group classification and survival than either one gene alone does. In conclusion, we identify ALDH1A1 and ALDH2 as prospective actionable targets for the treatment of AML in high-risk patients. Substances that inhibit both enzymatic activities constitute potentially effective pharmaceutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Garrett M. Dancik
- Department of Computer Science, Eastern Connecticut State University, Willimantic, CT 06226, USA
| | - Lokman Varisli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Dicle University, Diyarbakir 21280, Turkey; (L.V.); (V.T.)
| | - Veysel Tolan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Dicle University, Diyarbakir 21280, Turkey; (L.V.); (V.T.)
| | - Spiros Vlahopoulos
- First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Thivon & Levadeias 8, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Djulejic V, Petrovic B, Jevtic J, Vujacic M, Clarke BL, Cirovic A, Cirovic A. The role of cadmium in the pathogenesis of myeloid leukemia in individuals with anemia, deficiencies in vitamin D, zinc, and low calcium dietary intake. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 79:127263. [PMID: 37499549 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency, vitamin D deficiency and low calcium diet are frequent health problems with severe long- term consequences. Upon absorption from the duodenum, cadmium binds to transferrin, and cells with the highest density of transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) take up the majority of the circulating cadmium. Nowadays, it is clear that individuals with iron deficiency anemia have increased blood levels of cadmium because of higher absorption rate, mediated by divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1). However, the transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 6 (TRPV6), known as a calcium carrier, is able to bind and transport cadmium as well. In the case of low calcium diet or vitamin D deficiency, TRPV6 may be overexpressed in the intestine and kidney tubules and absorbs (re-uptake in the case of renal tubules) cadmium in larger quantities, resulting in an increased cadmium blood levels. We speculate that the final event in the case of low calcium dietary diet and/or vitamin D deficiency is similar to what is observed in the case of iron deficiency, that cells with the highest levels of TfR1 (for example, megakaryocyte/erythrocyte progenitors and pro-erythroblasts) take up most of the circulating cadmium, which is powerful malignancy inductor, leading to appearance of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vuk Djulejic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojan Petrovic
- Institute for Orthopedic Surgery "Banjica", Mihaila Avramovića 28, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovan Jevtic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko Vujacic
- Institute for Orthopedic Surgery "Banjica", Mihaila Avramovića 28, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bart L Clarke
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ana Cirovic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Cirovic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Belgrade, Serbia.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Saultz JN, Tyner JW. Chasing leukemia differentiation through induction therapy, relapse and transplantation. Blood Rev 2023; 57:101000. [PMID: 36041918 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2022.101000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite rapid advances in our understanding of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the disease remains challenging to treat with 5-year survival for adult patients 20 years or older estimated to be 26% (Cancer 2021). The use of new targeted therapies including BCL2, IDH1/IDH2, and FLT3 inhibitors has revolutionized treatment approaches but also changed the disease trajectory with unique modes of resistance. Recent studies have shown that stem cell maturation state drives expression level and/or dependence on various pathways, critical to determining drug response. Instead of anticipating these changes, we remain behind the curve chasing the next expanded clone. This review will focus on current approaches to treatment in AML, including defining the significance of blast differentiation state on chemotherapeutic response, signaling pathway dependence, metabolism, immune response, and phenotypic changes. We conclude that multimodal treatment approaches are necessary to target both the immature and mature clones, thereby, sustaining drug response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N Saultz
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States of America; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States of America.
| | - Jeffrey W Tyner
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States of America; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States of America; Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ijurko C, González‐García N, Galindo‐Villardón P, Hernández‐Hernández Á. A 29-gene signature associated with NOX2 discriminates acute myeloid leukemia prognosis and survival. Am J Hematol 2022; 97:448-457. [PMID: 35073432 PMCID: PMC9303675 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The molecular complexity displayed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) hinders patient stratification and treatment decisions. Previous studies support the utility of using specific gene panels for this purpose. Focusing on two salient features of AML, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by NADPH oxidases (NOX) and metabolism, we aimed to identify a gene panel that could improve patient stratification. A pairwise comparison of AML versus healthy gene expression revealed the downregulation of four members of the NOX2 complex including CYBB (coding for NOX2) in AML patients. We analyzed the expression of 941 genes related to metabolism and found 28 genes with expression correlated to CYBB. This panel of 29 genes (29G) effectively divides AML samples according to their prognostic group. The robustness of 29G was confirmed by 6 AML cohort datasets with a total of 1821 patients (overall accuracies of 85%, 78%, 80%, 75%, 59% and 83%). An expression index (EI) was developed according to the expression of the selected discriminatory genes. Overall Survival (OS) was higher for low 29G expression index patients than for the high 29G expression index group, which was confirmed in three different datasets with a total of 1069 patients. Moreover, 29G can dissect intermediate‐prognosis patients in four clusters with different OS, which could improve the current AML stratification scheme. In summary, we have found a gene signature (29G) that can be used for AML classification and for OS prediction. Our results confirm NOX and metabolism as suitable therapeutic targets in AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Ijurko
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular Universidad de Salamanca Salamanca Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL) Hospital Universitario de Salamanca Salamanca Spain
| | - Nerea González‐García
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL) Hospital Universitario de Salamanca Salamanca Spain
- Departamento de Estadística Universidad de Salamanca Salamanca Spain
| | - Purificación Galindo‐Villardón
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL) Hospital Universitario de Salamanca Salamanca Spain
- Departamento de Estadística Universidad de Salamanca Salamanca Spain
- Centro de Investigación Institucional (CII) Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins Santiago Chile
- Centro de Gestión de Estudios Estadísticos Universidad Estatal de Milagro Milagro Guayas Ecuador
| | - Ángel Hernández‐Hernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular Universidad de Salamanca Salamanca Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL) Hospital Universitario de Salamanca Salamanca Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Integrated N- and O-Glycomics of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Cell Lines. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113058. [PMID: 34831278 PMCID: PMC8616353 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by a dysregulated expansion of poorly differentiated myeloid cells. Although patients are usually treated effectively by chemotherapy, a high rate of relapsed or refractory disease poses a major hurdle in its treatment. Recently, several studies have proposed implications of protein glycosylation in the pathobiology of AML including chemoresistance. Accordingly, associations have been found between specific glycan epitopes and the outcome of the disease. To advance this poorly studied field, we performed an exploratory glycomics study characterizing 21 widely used AML cell lines. Exploiting the benefits of porous graphitized carbon chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (PGC nano-LC-MS2), we qualitatively and quantitatively profiled N- and O-linked glycans. AML cell lines exhibited distinct glycan fingerprints differing in relevant glycan traits correlating with their cellular phenotype as classified by the FAB system. By implementing transcriptomics data, specific glycosyltransferases and hematopoietic transcription factors were identified, which are candidate drivers of the glycan phenotype of these cells. In conclusion, we report the varying expression of glycan structures across a high number of AML cell lines, including those associated with poor prognosis, identified underlying glycosyltransferases and transcription factors, and provide insights into the regulation of the AML glycan repertoire.
Collapse
|
12
|
Karami K, Akbari M, Moradi MT, Soleymani B, Fallahi H. Survival prognostic factors in patients with acute myeloid leukemia using machine learning techniques. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254976. [PMID: 34288963 PMCID: PMC8294525 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper identifies prognosis factors for survival in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) using machine learning techniques. We have integrated machine learning with feature selection methods and have compared their performances to identify the most suitable factors in assessing the survival of AML patients. Here, six data mining algorithms including Decision Tree, Random Forrest, Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes, W-Bayes Net, and Gradient Boosted Tree (GBT) are employed for the detection model and implemented using the common data mining tool RapidMiner and open-source R package. To improve the predictive ability of our model, a set of features were selected by employing multiple feature selection methods. The accuracy of classification was obtained using 10-fold cross-validation for the various combinations of the feature selection methods and machine learning algorithms. The performance of the models was assessed by various measurement indexes including accuracy, kappa, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the ROC curve (AUC). Our results showed that GBT with an accuracy of 85.17%, AUC of 0.930, and the feature selection via the Relief algorithm has the best performance in predicting the survival rate of AML patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keyvan Karami
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Department of Animal Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Akbari
- Department of Statistics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Taher Moradi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Bijan Soleymani
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- * E-mail: , (HF); (BS)
| | - Hossein Fallahi
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
- * E-mail: , (HF); (BS)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fasih Ramandi N, Faranoush M, Ghassempour A, Aboul-Enein HY. Mass Spectrometry: A Powerful Method for Monitoring Various Type of Leukemia, Especially MALDI-TOF in Leukemia's Proteomics Studies Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 52:1259-1286. [PMID: 33499652 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.1871844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent success in studying the proteome, as a source of biomarkers, has completely changed our understanding of leukemia (blood cancer). The identification of differentially expressed proteins, such as relapse and drug resistance proteins involved in leukemia by using various ionization sources and mass analyzers of mass spectrometry techniques, has helped scientists find better diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment strategies. With the aid of this powerful analytical technique, we can investigate the qualification/quantification of proteins, protein-protein interactions, post-translational modifications, and find the correlation between proteins and their genes with the hope of finding the missing parts of the successful therapy puzzle. In this review, we followed different MS sources and analyzers which used for monitoring various type of leukemia, then focused on MALDI-TOF MS as a quick and reliable method for studying proteins. Due to several review published for other techniques, the present review is the first work in this field. Also, by classifying more than 400 proteins, we have found 42 proteins are involved in two or three different stages of leukemia. Finally, we have suggested six specific biomarkers for AML, one for ALL, three biomarkers with a role in the etiology of leukemia and 13 markers with the potential for further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Negin Fasih Ramandi
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Faranoush
- Pediatric Growth and Development Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Ghassempour
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Y Aboul-Enein
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hu L, Liu J, Meng Y, Zheng H, Ding C, Wang H, Charwudzi A, Li M, Li J, Zhai Z, Xiong S. Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR regulates myeloid differentiation through the upregulation of p21 via miR-17-5p in acute myeloid leukaemia. RNA Biol 2020; 18:1434-1444. [PMID: 33241756 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2020.1854520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR has been reported to play a key role in regulating various biological processes in various cancers. However, the roles and mechanisms of HOTAIR in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) are still unclear and need to be investigated. In this study, we induced differentiation of four AML cell lines by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and found HOTAIR was significantly upregulated in the process. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays indicated that C/EBPβ upregulated HOTAIR during ATRA induced differentiation in HL-60 cells. By gain- and loss-of-function analysis, we then observed that HOTAIR expression was positively correlated with ATRA-induced differentiation and negatively regulated G1 phase arrest in HL-60 cells. In addition, we found that HOTAIR promoted ATRA-induced differentiation via the regulation of the cell cycle regulator p21 via miR-17-5p. Moreover, we detected the expression of HOTAIR in 84 de novo AML patients, HOTAIR was found significantly downregulated in the AML patients compared to the iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) control group, negatively correlated with the platelet level in M2 patients. In all, our data suggest that HOTAIR may be subtype-specific in AML-M2 patients, also HOTAIR regulates AML differentiation by C/EBPBβ/HOTAIR/miR-17-5p/p21 pathway. The findings of the present study provide a novel insight into the mechanism of lncRNA-mediated differentiation and indicate that HOTAIR may be a promising therapeutic target for leukaemia, especially for AML with M2 type.Abbreviation: AML: acute myeloid leukaemia; APL: acute promyelocytic leukaemia; ATRA: all-trans retinoic acid; CCK8: cell Counting Kit-8; CDKs: cyclin-dependent kinases ; CeRNA: competing endogenous RNAs; ChIP: chromatin immunoprecipitation; CHX: cycloheximide; FAB: French-American-British; FCM: flow cytometry; HOTAIR: HOX transcript antisense RNA; IDA: iron-deficiency anemia; lncRNA: long non-coding RNA; 3'UTR: 3'untranslated region; MT: Mutation type; WT: Wild type; qRT-PCR: Quantitative real-time PCR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linhui Hu
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Center of Hematology Research, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Center of Hematology Research, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Meng
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Center of Hematology Research, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Zheng
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Ding
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Center of Hematology Research, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiping Wang
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Center of Hematology Research, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Alice Charwudzi
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Center of Hematology Research, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Manman Li
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Center of Hematology Research, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingrong Li
- Department of Emergency, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhimin Zhai
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Center of Hematology Research, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shudao Xiong
- Department of Hematology/Hematological Lab, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Center of Hematology Research, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yang Y, Zhong F, Huang X, Zhang N, Du J, Long Z, Zheng B, Lin W, Liu W, Ma W. High expression of HOXA5 is associated with poor prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia. Curr Probl Cancer 2020; 45:100673. [PMID: 33223227 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2020.100673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HOXA5 is considered as an oncogene in many tumors. This study in- vestigated the HOXA5 expression in Chinese acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients and evaluated the predictive significance of HOXA5 with a single-center retrospective study. METHODS We investigated the expression pattern and prognostic value of HOXA5 in patients with AML through by using a series of databases and various datasets, including the ONCOMINE, TCGA, and STRING datasets. The bone marrow samples of 53 newly diagnosed AML patients (non-M3 subtype) and 19 benign individuals were collected in our center. HOXA5 mRNA expression levels were detected by real-time qPCR, HOXA5 protein expression levels were detected by Western Blot. Clinical data was obtained from inpatient medical records. RESULTS Two microarrays in Oncomine showed that the expression level of HOXA5 was significantly upregulated in AML. Our data revealed that AML patients had higher HOXA5 mRNA and protein expression levels than the controls (P < 0.001). The blast percentage in bone marrow of HOXA5 high-expression group was higher that of HOXA5 low-expression group (P < 0.05). Higher expression level of HOXA5 revealed a worse OS in AML (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that HOXA5 might have the potential ability to act as a diagnostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Fangfang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoming Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Na Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Jingjing Du
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Ze Long
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Bowen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Wanjun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Wenzhe Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang Y, Li X, Bai L, Li L, Li D, Ding X, Wang B, Li C. MicroRNA-31 is a potential biomarker for screening B-lymphoblastic leukemia in children. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:4930-4935. [PMID: 31612004 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the expression and significance of microRNA-31 (miR-31) in children with acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Bone marrow specimens and peripheral blood were collected from children with B-ALL (n=38) and healthy controls (n=18). Total RNA was extracted and the expression levels of miR-31 were measured using quantitative PCR. In addition, a receiver operating characteristic curve was generated, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the diagnostic value of miR-31 for the development of B-ALL. miR-31 expression was significantly lower in the B-ALL group compared with in the control group (P<0.05). Additionally, the expression levels of miR-31 in the B-ALL group before treatment were markedly lower than in the B-ALL group after treatment, and miR-31 expression was significantly lower after 30 days of treatment compared with after 12 weeks of treatment. Furthermore, miR-31 expression in the group of children ≥10 years of age was higher than that in the group of children <10 years of age. Furthermore, the expression levels of miR-31 were higher in the low-risk group compared with in the medium- and high-risk groups (P<0.05). When the cutoff value was set at 1.8, the AUC of miR-31 for B-ALL diagnosis was 0.915 (95% CI, 0.828-1.000; P<0.0001), with a sensitivity and specificity of 80.8 and 100%, respectively. In conclusion, miR-31 may exert an anticancer role in B-ALL in children and may be a potential marker to assist in diagnosis and prognostic prediction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Liping Bai
- Department of Hematology, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Hematology, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Danhong Li
- Department of Hematology, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Xue Ding
- Department of Hematology, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Hematology, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Chengwei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lv S, Li A, Wu H, Wang X. Observation of clinical efficacy and toxic and side effects of pirarubicin combined with cytarabine on acute myeloid leukemia. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:3411-3417. [PMID: 30867778 PMCID: PMC6396216 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.9966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficacy and toxic and side effects of pirarubicin combined with cytarabine and mitoxantrone combined with cytarabine on the treatment of initially treated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were compared. A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical records of 76 AML patients who were initially treated in Weifang People's Hospital. Among them, 36 patients (observation group) were treated with pirarubicin combined with cytarabine, and 40 patients (control group) were treated with mitoxantrone combined with cytarabine. The efficacy and toxic and side effects on patients in the two groups were observed. There was no statistically significant difference in the complete response (CR) rate, partial response (PR) rate and overall response (OR) rate of patients between the two groups (P>0.05). Patients in the observation group had significantly lower incidence of cardiotoxicity and alopecia than those in the control group (P<0.05). Patients in the observation group had lower incidence of bone marrow depression (BMD) at grade IV than those in the control group (P<0.05). The median progression-free survival time of patients was 14.5 months in the observation group and 18 months in the control group. The progression-free survival rate of patients was 36.11% in the observation group and 40.00% in the control group, with no difference between the two groups (P>0.05). The median survival time of patients was 22.5 months in the observation group and 24.5 months in the control group. The overall survival (OS) rate of patients was 44.44% in the observation group and 47.50% in the control group, with no difference between the two groups (P>0.05). Both pirarubicin combined with cytarabine and mitoxantrone combined with cytarabine have satisfactory efficacy on initially treated AML. Compared to the latter, the former has lower toxic and side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suqin Lv
- Outpatient Pharmacy, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Aihua Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Haijuan Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tawfiq S, Yassin A, AlGetta H, Hasan K. Acute myeloblastic leukemia: Important clinical and epidemiological facts from Hiwa Hospital in Sulaimaniyah, Iraq. IRAQI JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/ijh.ijh_11_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|