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Anderson O, McLennan V, Buys N, Randall C. Injured worker participation in assessment during the acute phase of workers compensation rehabilitation: a scoping review. Disabil Rehabil 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38592042 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2337101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Rates of return to work (RTW) are declining in the Australian workers compensation system alongside significant economic and social costs, disputes, and secondary psychological injury. Non-medical assessment of workplace injuries now considers psychosocial and workplace factors, and worker participation in the assessment process is limited. This scoping review examines studies regarding non-medical assessment during the acute phase of rehabilitation in terms of costs, disputes, secondary psychological injury, and worker participation. METHOD An electronic and manual search of relevant articles across four databases was conducted using PRISMA guidelines, followed by quality assessment. RESULTS Of the 1,630 studies retrieved, 12 met the inclusion criteria with most focused on assessment for risk of obstructed or delayed RTW. CONCLUSIONS Non-medical assessment in the acute stage of rehabilitation identifies risk for delayed or complicated RTW, overlooking potential for the process of assessment to contribute to disputes and development of secondary psychological injury. Doubt around the capacity of workers to participate objectively in assessment persists. These are aspects of assessment worthy of further exploration for their impact on RTW outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olwen Anderson
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
- Hopkins Centre, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Vanette McLennan
- Rural Clinical School (Northern Rivers), Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicholas Buys
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Work, Organisation and Well Being, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Christine Randall
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
- Hopkins Centre, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
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Singh S, McIntosh G, Dea N, Hall H, Paquet J, Abraham E, Bailey CS, Weber MH, Johnson MG, Nataraj A, Glennie RA, Attabib N, Kelly A, Rampersaud YR, Manson N, Phan P, Rachevitz M, Thomas K, Fisher C, Charest-Morin R. Effects of Workload on Return to Work After Elective Lumbar Spine Surgery. Global Spine J 2024; 14:420-428. [PMID: 35725390 PMCID: PMC10802547 DOI: 10.1177/21925682221109558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Retrospective analysis was performed of a multi-center Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network (CSORN) surgical database. OBJECTIVE To determine the rate and time to return to work (RTW) based on workload intensity after elective degenerative lumbar spine surgery. METHODS Patients working pre-operatively, aged greater than 18, who underwent a primary one- or two-level elective lumbar spine surgery for degenerative conditions between January 2015 and October 2020 were evaluated. The percentage of patients who returned to work at 1 year and the time to RTW post-operatively were analyzed based on workload intensity. RESULTS Of the 1290 patients included in the analysis, the overall rate of RTW was 82% at 1 year. Based on workload there was no significant difference in time to RTW after a fusion procedure, with median time to RTW being 10 weeks. For non-fusion procedure, the sedentary group had a statistically significantly quicker time to RTW than the light-moderate (P < .005) and heavy-very heavy (<.027) groups. CONCLUSIONS The rate of RTW ranged between 84% for patients with sedentary work to 77% for patient with a heavy-very heavy workload. Median time to resumption of work was about 10 weeks following a fusion regardless of work intensity. There was more variability following non-fusion surgeries such as laminectomy and discectomy reflecting the patient's job demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Singh
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CA
| | - Greg McIntosh
- Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network, Markdale, ON, CA
| | - Nicolas Dea
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CA
| | - Hamilton Hall
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CA
| | - Jerome Paquet
- Centre de Recherche CHU de Quebec, CHU de Quebec-Universite Laval, Quebec City, QC, CA
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrew Nataraj
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, AL, CA
| | | | | | | | - Y. Raja Rampersaud
- Divisions of Orthopaedic and Neurosurgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CA
| | - Neil Manson
- Canada East Spine Centre, Saint John, NB, CA
| | | | | | | | - Charles Fisher
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CA
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Gelaw AY, Sheehan L, Gray SE, Collie A. Time off work following psychological injury among health and social care workers: a population-based retrospective cohort study in New South Wales, Australia. Occup Environ Med 2023:oemed-2023-109105. [PMID: 38071593 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2023-109105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the disability duration and burden of compensated time loss in the health and social care (HSC) sector following psychological injury. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the New South Wales workers' compensation system. The median weeks disability duration and total weeks of working time lost (WWL) per 1000 workers were compared between the HSC sector and all other industries, and between specific occupational groups in the HSC sector, using accelerated failure time models. RESULTS HSC workers had a median (IQR) disability duration of 12.4 (3.3-40.0) weeks, which was less than the 15.3 (4.3-48.3) weeks observed in other industries. Within the HSC sector, ambulance officers had the longest disability duration at 31.1 (6.1-104.0) weeks and highest WWL at 15 734 weeks per 1000 workers. Conversely, nurses and midwives had the shortest disability duration at 8.0 (2.0-25.8) weeks, while other healthcare workers had the lowest WWL (17.0). Controlling for other determinants, ambulance officers had the highest likelihood of longer disability duration (time ratio (TR) 2.14; 95% CI 1.64 to 2.78), followed by social workers (TR 1.46; 95% CI 1.20 to 1.79) and administrators and managers (TR 1.41; 95% CI 1.15 to 1.71). Older age, female sex, full-time employment and working in small organisations correlated with extended disability duration. CONCLUSION There is considerable variation in the duration and burden of work disability due to psychological injury across occupational groups in the HSC sector. Findings suggest the need for occupation-specific workplace rehabilitation and psychological support to reduce the impact of psychological injury on HSC workers and improve return-to-work outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmare Y Gelaw
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Luke Sheehan
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shannon Elise Gray
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alex Collie
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Coutu MF, Durand MJ, O'Hagan F, Gosselin P, Nastasia I, Berbiche D, Labrecque MÉ, Pettigrew S, Bordeleau M. Workers' Worries, Pain, Psychosocial Factors, and Margin of Manoeuvre, in Relation to Outcomes in a Return-to-Work Program: An Exploratory Study. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2023:10.1007/s10926-023-10155-x. [PMID: 37996721 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-023-10155-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the intensity and variation of workers' worries, pain, psychosocial factors, and margin of manoeuvre before and after a return-to-work program, and identified the psychosocial factors associated with non-return to work at the end of the rehabilitation program. METHODS A pre-post study design was used. A convenience sample of 80 workers starting a return-to-work program and having a compensated musculoskeletal injury that caused an absence of more than three months from their regular work was recruited. Data were collected at baseline and at the end of the rehabilitation program on the nature of the worries and maintenance factors defined in Dugas' generalized anxiety and worry model, using validated questionnaires. The margin of manoeuvre was assessed by the treating occupational therapist. A series of descriptive analyses were performed, as well as Generalized Estimating Equations analyses. RESULTS Workers' worries were work-related or disability-related 83% of the time at baseline. These worries were essentially based on the situation then occurring at work 90% of the time. For the Generalized Estimating Equations analyses on work status, the final model was significant, explaining 54% of the variance in non-return to work (Pseudo R2 = 0.54; p = 0.0001). Workers were 8.52 times less likely to return to work when the margin of manoeuvre was insufficient, and twice as likely not to return to work in the presence of intense worry. Worries were significantly associated with insufficient margin of manoeuvre. CONCLUSION A strong association between workers' lack of margin of manoeuvre at work and their worries about their return to work, and poor work outcomes, supports the importance of the worker-environment interaction in rehabilitation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-France Coutu
- Centre for Action in Work Disability Prevention and Rehabilitation (CAPRIT), Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada.
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada.
- Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne (CRCLM), Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada.
| | - Marie-José Durand
- Centre for Action in Work Disability Prevention and Rehabilitation (CAPRIT), Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne (CRCLM), Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada
| | - Fergal O'Hagan
- Department of Psychology, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Patrick Gosselin
- Department of Psychology, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Iuliana Nastasia
- Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail (IRSST), 505 Boulevard De Maisonneuve Ouest, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Djamal Berbiche
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne (CRCLM), Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Élise Labrecque
- Centre for Action in Work Disability Prevention and Rehabilitation (CAPRIT), Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne (CRCLM), Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada
| | - Sara Pettigrew
- Centre for Action in Work Disability Prevention and Rehabilitation (CAPRIT), Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne (CRCLM), Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada
| | - Martine Bordeleau
- Elderly, Neurostimulation and Pain Research Group, Research Centre on Aging, 1036 Rue Belvédère Sud, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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Lee S, Park HN, Yoon JY. Trajectories of Self-Rated Health Among Industrially Disabled Individuals: A Latent Class Growth Analysis. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2023:10.1007/s10926-023-10151-1. [PMID: 37993675 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-023-10151-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the self-rated health of industrially disabled individuals is an important variable that significantly affects their quality of life, satisfaction, and return to work after an industrial accident. Since the health of people with industrial disabilities is affected by various environments and variables, interventions and policies that are suitable for their characteristics are needed. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to identify changes in self-rated health among industrially disabled individuals, distinguish between different latent classes, and verify predictive factors for each latent class. METHODS Four time-point datasets from the 2018-2021 panel study of Korean workers' compensation insurance were used. Using the latent growth curve model, an overall trajectory of self-rated health of industrially disabled individuals was confirmed, and the number and characteristics of different trajectories were identified using the latent class growth model. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to identify the predictive factors for each class. RESULTS Four classes of self-rated health trajectories were identified: low-decreasing (21.7%), moderate-increasing (15.7%), high-decreasing (56.1%), and low-stable (6.5%) classes. A multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that significant determinants (age, capacity, type of industrial accident, grade of disability, mental activity, outdoor activity, and social relationships) were different for each latent class. Capacity level affected all potential class classifications. CONCLUSIONS To improve the self-rated health of industrially disabled individuals, it is necessary to develop an appropriate strategy that considers the characteristics of the latent class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Lee
- College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Nah Park
- College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Young Yoon
- College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- College of Nursing and Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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Killip SC, MacDermid JC, Thayalan N, Lomotan M, Gewurtz RE, Sinden KE. Exploring Canadian Career Firefighters' Understanding of the Return-to-Work Process After Musculoskeletal Injuries. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2023:10.1007/s10926-023-10147-x. [PMID: 37938435 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-023-10147-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Firefighters perform dangerous and physically demanding work, increasing their risk of musculoskeletal injuries that can lead to work absences. Return-to-work procedures can help firefighters return-to-work sooner and safely. The purpose of this study was to explore what firefighters understand about return-to-work procedures in their workplaces, and what firefighters believe the facilitators and barriers to return-to-work are. METHODS Thirty-eight Canadian career firefighters were recruited for semi-structured interviews. Qualitative descriptive methods were used to analyze the transcripts. Two researchers performed the inductive coding and thematic analysis. RESULTS Five themes were identified: 1. Variation in the return-to-work process knowledge among firefighters based on their experiences; 2. Accessible medical resources and treatments to support injury recovery; 3. Light duties must be meaningful and suitable; 4. Pressures to return-to-work too soon may lead to negative consequences; and 5. Heavy physical demands of firefighting may become a barrier for return-to-work. 'Factors affecting RTW depended on personal experiences and context' was the overarching theme identified, as many reported facilitators for return-to-work were also reported as barriers in different contexts. There was a variation in the experiences and understanding of return-to-work. CONCLUSION There is a lack of knowledge of the return-to-work processes. Firefighters require access to clear return-to-work policies and procedures and treatments that are targeted to firefighting duties to support recovery from injuries and regain physical abilities after an injury. Firefighters must be able to perform all essential duties before returning to firefighting work, as returning to work too soon can lead to further injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon C Killip
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West IAHS 403, Hamilton, ON, L8S 1C7, Canada.
| | - Joy C MacDermid
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West IAHS 403, Hamilton, ON, L8S 1C7, Canada
- Physical Therapy and Surgery, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Clinical Research Lab, Hand and Upper Limb Centre, St. Joseph's Health Centre, London, ON, Canada
| | - Nijaanth Thayalan
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West Ivor Wynne Centre, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Margaret Lomotan
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West IAHS 403, Hamilton, ON, L8S 1C7, Canada
| | - Rebecca E Gewurtz
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West IAHS 403, Hamilton, ON, L8S 1C7, Canada
| | - Kathryn E Sinden
- School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Rd, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada
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Kyndi M, Willert MV, Vestergaard JM, Andersen JH, Christiansen DH, Dalgaard VL. Long-term follow-up study of work status among patients with work-related mental disorders referred to departments of occupational medicine in Denmark. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e072217. [PMID: 37935518 PMCID: PMC10632875 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the 5 year work status in patients referred for suspected work-related common mental disorders. To develop a prognostic model. DESIGN Register-based nationwide longitudinal follow-up study. SETTING All departments of occupational medicine in Denmark. PARTICIPANTS 17 822 patients aged 18-67 years, seen for the first time at a Department of Occupational Medicine in Denmark from 2000 to 2013 and diagnosed with stress, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety or other mental disorders. INTERVENTIONS All patients were seen for diagnostic assessment and causal evaluation of the work-relatedness of their disorders. Some departments offered patients with stress disorders psychological treatment, which, however, was not organised according to patient selection or type of treatment. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Register data were collected for 5 year periods before and after the patients' first assessment at a department. Weekly percentages of patients are presented according to work status. The outcome in the prognostic model was a high Work Participation Score (ie, working>75% of potential work weeks/year) at 5 year follow-up. RESULTS For all subgroups of patients, a high proportion were working (>75%) 1-5 years before assessment, and all experienced a large reduction in work status at time of assessment. At 1 year follow-up, almost 60% of patients with stress were working, whereas in the other patient subgroups, less than 40% were working. In the following years, practically no increase was observed in the percentage of patients working in any of the subgroups. Based on these 5 year follow-up data, we developed a work participation model with only moderate discrimination and calibration. CONCLUSIONS In Denmark, not all return to previous work status 5 years after a referral due to a suspected work-related common mental disorder. We developed a prognostic model with only moderate discrimination and calibration for long-term work participation after suggested work-related common mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Kyndi
- Department of Occupational Medicine, University Clinic, Gødstrup Regional Hospital, Herning, Denmark
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Morten Vejs Willert
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jesper Medom Vestergaard
- Department of Occupational Medicine, University Clinic, Gødstrup Regional Hospital, Herning, Denmark
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Johan Hviid Andersen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, University Clinic, Gødstrup Regional Hospital, Herning, Denmark
| | - David Høyrup Christiansen
- Centre for Research in Health and Nursing, Research, Regional Hospital Central Jutland, Viborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Elective surgery centre, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Vita Ligaya Dalgaard
- Department of Occupational Medicine, University Clinic, Gødstrup Regional Hospital, Herning, Denmark
- Department of Psychology and Behavioural Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Senthanar S, Koehoorn M, Tamburic L, Premji S, Bültmann U, McLeod CB. Differences in Modified-Return-to-Work by Immigration Characteristics Among a Cohort of Workers in British Columbia, Canada. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2023; 33:341-351. [PMID: 36308629 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-022-10077-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Introduction To investigate differences in modified-return-to work (MRTW) within the first 30 days of a work-related, short-term disability injury by immigration characteristics. This question was part of a program of research investigating differences in work and health experiences among immigrant workers and explanations for longer work disability durations. Methods Workers' compensation claims, immigration records and medical registry data were linked to identify a sample of workers in British Columbia, Canada with a short-term disability claim for a work-related back strain, concussion, limb fracture or connective tissue injury occurring between 2009 and 2015. Multivariable logistic regressions, stratified by injury type, investigated the odds of MRTW, defined as at least one day within the first 30 days on claim, associated with immigration characteristics, defined as a Canadian-born worker versus a worker who immigrated via the economic, family member or refugee/other humanitarian classification. Results Immigrant workers who arrived to Canada as a family member or as a refugee/other immigrant had a reduced odds of MRTW within the first 30 days of work disability for a back strain, concussion and limb fracture, compared to Canadian-born workers. Differences in MRTW were not observed for immigrant workers who arrived to Canada via the economic classification, or for connective tissue injuries. Conclusion The persistent and consistent finding of reduced MRTW for the same injury for different immigration classifications highlights contexts (work, health, social, language) that disadvantage some immigrants upon arrival to Canada and that persist over time even after entry into the workforce, including barriers to MRTW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Senthanar
- School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Mieke Koehoorn
- School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Lillian Tamburic
- School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | | | - Ute Bültmann
- Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher B McLeod
- School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
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Nyberg ST, Airaksinen J, Pentti J, Ervasti J, Jokela M, Vahtera J, Virtanen M, Elovainio M, Batty GD, Kivimäki M. Predicting work disability among people with chronic conditions: a prospective cohort study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6334. [PMID: 37072462 PMCID: PMC10113323 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33120-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Few risk prediction scores are available to identify people at increased risk of work disability, particularly for those with an existing morbidity. We examined the predictive performance of disability risk scores for employees with chronic disease. We used prospective data from 88,521 employed participants (mean age 43.1) in the Finnish Public Sector Study including people with chronic disorders: musculoskeletal disorder, depression, migraine, respiratory disease, hypertension, cancer, coronary heart disease, diabetes, comorbid depression and cardiometabolic disease. A total of 105 predictors were assessed at baseline. During a mean follow-up of 8.6 years, 6836 (7.7%) participants were granted a disability pension. C-statistics for the 8-item Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH) risk score, comprising age, self-rated health, number of sickness absences, socioeconomic position, number of chronic illnesses, sleep problems, BMI, and smoking at baseline, exceeded 0.72 for all disease groups and was 0.80 (95% CI 0.80-0.81) for participants with musculoskeletal disorders, 0.83 (0.82-0.84) for those with migraine, and 0.82 (0.81-0.83) for individuals with respiratory disease. Predictive performance was not significantly improved in models with re-estimated coefficients or a new set of predictors. These findings suggest that the 8-item FIOH work disability risk score may serve as a scalable screening tool in identifying individuals with increased risk for work disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solja T Nyberg
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Tukholmankatu 8B, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Jaakko Airaksinen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Criminology and Legal Policy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Pentti
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Tukholmankatu 8B, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jenni Ervasti
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Jokela
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jussi Vahtera
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Marianna Virtanen
- School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marko Elovainio
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - G David Batty
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mika Kivimäki
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Tukholmankatu 8B, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
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10
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Holmlund L, Bültmann U, Bergström G, Warnqvist A, Björk Brämberg E. Are psychosocial work factors and work-home interference associated with time to first full return-to-work after sick leave due to common mental disorders? Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2023; 96:747-755. [PMID: 36964790 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-023-01970-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To (1) examine the time to first full return-to-work (RTW), and (2) investigate whether psychosocial work factors and work-home interference are associated with time to first full RTW after sick leave due to common mental disorders (CMDs). METHODS The cohort study comprised 162 employees on sick leave due to CMDs participating in a two-armed cluster-randomised controlled trial in Sweden. Baseline data consisted of a web-based questionnaire and follow-up data of repeated text messages every fourth week for 12 months. The time to first full RTW was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier Estimator. Parametric Weibull survival models with interval-censored outcomes were used to determine associations between psychosocial work factors and work-home interference with time to first full RTW. In a post hoc analysis, time-interval differences in associations for 0- ≤ 6- versus > 6-12 months were tested. RESULTS During the 12-month follow-up, n = 131 (80.9%) reported a first full RTW. The median time to this RTW was 16 weeks (95% CI 12; 20). High psychological job demands, high emotional job demands, high work-to-home interference (WHI), and low social job support were independently associated with a longer time to first full RTW. Time-interval differences were found for job control and emotional job demands. CONCLUSIONS Psychosocial work demands and WHI are associated with a longer time to RTW after sick leave due to CMDs. Work organisations and rehabilitation practices should include accommodations for high psychological and emotional job demands during RTW, as well as pay attention to the risk of spill-over of high job demands into employees' private lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Holmlund
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Karolinska Institutet, P.O.Box 210, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Ute Bültmann
- Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gunnar Bergström
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Karolinska Institutet, P.O.Box 210, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Anna Warnqvist
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Björk Brämberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Karolinska Institutet, P.O.Box 210, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
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Amiri S. Depression symptoms reducing return to work: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2023; 29:347-357. [PMID: 35291917 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2022.2044640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. This study was conducted to estimate the risk of return to work for people who experience symptoms of depression based on the pool of prospective data. Methods. All online articles in PubMed and Scopus which were accessible before November 2019 were searched. The odds ratios of each of the studies were pooled together to obtain an overall odds ratio. The pool of studies was with random effects. The analysis was performed based on the depression symptoms scale, type of disease and duration of follow-up. Two other aspects were examined in the analysis, one being the bias in the publication of studies and the other being the level of heterogeneity that was examined. Results. Thirty-five studies were selected for the meta-analysis. The pooled odds ratio indicates that the odds of return to work in people with depressive symptoms is 31% lower than in those without depressive symptoms. The funnel plot shows that there is asymmetry. The Egger test result was significant (p < 0.001) and there is publication bias. Conclusion. Depression symptoms after sick leave due to physical illness is a risk factor for not returning to work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohrab Amiri
- Medicine, Quran and Hadith Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Lee JE, Kim S, Shin G, Yoo SB, Leigh JH. Psychometric properties of the readiness for return to work scale in occupational rehabilitation in South Korea. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:39. [PMID: 36609278 PMCID: PMC9817403 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14948-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study validated the Korean version of the Readiness to Return to Work (RRTW) scale, as an assessment measure, following a musculoskeletal, work-related injury and as a measure of following return to work. METHODS The participants of this study were workers with experience in rehabilitation programs at the Workers' Compensation and Welfare Service (KCOMWEL) Hospital in Korea. Factor analyses were employed to ensure the validity and reliability of the RRTW scale in claimants who were in treatment without working (the not-working group) or who had already returned to work (the working group). To test structural validity, we analyzed exploratory factor analysis (EFA) respectively for the not working group (exploratory factor analysis (EFA) (n = 200), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) (n = 109), and the working group (n = 123). To verify concurrent validity (multidimensional and assignment approach), the variables that were identified as relevant variables in previous studies were analyzed. RESULTS The not working group EFA, as shown in the original scale, had four dimensions, and one item was deleted: (1) Precontemplation (PC), (2) Contemplation (C), (3) Prepared for Action-Self-evaluative (PAS), and (4) Prepared for Action-Behavioral (PAB). The CFA revealed that a good model fit and reliability were suitable. Regarding the working group of EFA, it appeared in two dimensions as in the original scale, one item was modified from the UM scale to the PM scale, and the reliability was appropriate. Concurrent validity was satisfied based on the correlation between the RRTW factor and related variables. CONCLUSIONS RRTW in the Korean version of the instrument was similar to those reported for the original scale, indicating that it may be used in research and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Eun Lee
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea ,Coresearch Coop, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohyun Kim
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea ,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Korea Workers Compensation and Welfare Service Incheon Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea ,grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Social Welfare Policy, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gain Shin
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea ,National Traffic Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, National Traffic Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Yangpyeong, Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Su Bin Yoo
- grid.411633.20000 0004 0371 8173Clinical Research Center, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja-Ho Leigh
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea ,National Traffic Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, National Traffic Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Yangpyeong, Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea ,grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Institute of Health Policy and Management, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Sharpe K, Afshar T, St-Hilaire F, McLeod C. Return-to-Work After Work-Related Injury in the Construction Sector: A Scoping Review. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2022; 32:664-684. [PMID: 35178661 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-022-10028-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Construction remains one of the most hazardous and disabling industries worldwide. This scoping review was completed to identify barriers and facilitators related to return-to-work (RTW) after work injury in the construction industry and gaps in the literature. Methods We searched ten databases from 1990 to 2020 for academic and grey literature. Two independent reviewers screened citations for inclusion. One team member charted the data and a second team member reviewed the coding. Articles were included if they identified any barriers or facilitators to RTW in the construction industry. The findings were synthesized into overarching themes. Results Our search identified 6706 articles for screening, with 22 articles included in the final sample. Three articles used qualitative methods, while the remaining articles were quantitative. The majority of articles were from North America and published in academic journals. Overall, findings are organized under seven main themes: worker sociodemographic characteristics; injury characteristics; worker motivation; workplace goodwill; modified work and disability management; work disability systems; and access to healthcare. Some barriers and facilitators are more relevant to the construction industry compared with the general working population. Conclusions: The findings suggest that accommodations are possible for this industry but barriers still exist in identifying suitable work. More research is needed to investigate the role of union involvement, work disability management systems, gender, and organizational characteristics, such as multiple worksites, in relation to RTW in the construction industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Sharpe
- Partnership for Work, Health and Safety, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Tina Afshar
- Partnership for Work, Health and Safety, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - France St-Hilaire
- Business School, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 de l'Université Boulevard, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Christopher McLeod
- Partnership for Work, Health and Safety, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Institute for Work & Health, 400 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1S5, Canada
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Ravinskaya M, Verbeek JH, Langendam MW, Madan I, Verstappen SMM, Kunz R, Hulshof CTJ, Hoving JL. Preferred Methods of Measuring Work Participation: An International Survey Among Trialists and Cochrane Systematic Reviewers. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2022; 32:620-628. [PMID: 35347539 PMCID: PMC9668767 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-022-10031-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Heterogeneity in work participation (WP) outcomes measurements hampers large scale evidence synthesis in systematic reviews of trials. In this survey we explore authors' reasons for choosing specific WP outcomes and their measurement methods, including employment status, absence from work, at-work productivity loss, and employability. Methods We contacted authors of 260 trials and 69 systematic reviews and asked closed and open-ended questions about previously used WP outcomes and measurement methods as well as their opinion on the best way to measure WP. Results In total, 91 authors from a wide range of professional backgrounds completed the survey. The majority of authors (86%) chose WP outcomes based on their use in previous similar studies. In most studies (88%), patients had not been involved in the process of selecting the WP outcome. Authors judged feasibility to be an important factor for choosing a measurement instrument (67%). Additionally, valid measurement tools should be available, easy to administer and not too time consuming. Although authors preferred registry data for long term follow-up, the availability and validity of registries was seen as a barrier. Most of the reviewers (72%) struggled to pool data because of variation in follow-up times and cut off points and varying definitions of work outcomes. Almost all (92%) respondents support the use of a Core Outcome Set for Work. Conclusions There is strong support from authors of trials and systematic reviews to develop a core outcome set on work participation outcomes for the evaluation of interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Ravinskaya
- Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jos H Verbeek
- Amsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Miranda W Langendam
- Amsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ira Madan
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Trust and Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Centre for Musculoskeletal Health and Work, London, UK
| | - Suzanne M M Verstappen
- Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Health and Work, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Regina Kunz
- Academic Unit EbIM, Evidence Based Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carel T J Hulshof
- Amsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan L Hoving
- Amsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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A general framework for selecting work participation outcomes in intervention studies among persons with health problems: a concept paper. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2189. [DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14564-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Work participation is important for health and can be considered as engagement in a major area of life which is of significance for most people, but it can also be thought of as fulfilling or discharging a role. Currently, academic research lacks a comprehensive classification of work participation outcomes. The International Classification of Functioning is the foremost model in defining work functioning and its counterpart work disability, but it does not provide a critical (core) set of outcomes. Standardizing the definitions and nomenclature used in the research of work participation would ensure that the outcomes of studies are comparable, and practitioners and guideline developers can better decide what works best. As work participation is a broad umbrella term including outcome categories which need unambiguous differentiation, a framework needs to be developed first.
Aim
To propose a framework which can be used to develop a generic core outcome set for work participation.
Methods
First, we performed a systematic literature search on the concept of (work) participation, views on how to measure it, and on existing classifications for outcome measurements. Next, we derived criteria for the framework and proposed a framework based on the criteria. Last, we applied the framework to six case studies as a proof of concept.
Results
Our literature search provided 2106 hits and we selected 59 studies for full-text analysis. Based on the literature and the developed criteria we propose four overarching outcome categories: (1) initiating employment, (2) having employment, (3) increasing or maintaining productivity at work, and (4) return to employment. These categories appeared feasible in our proof-of-concept assessment with six different case studies.
Conclusion
We propose to use the framework for work participation outcomes to develop a core outcome set for intervention studies to improve work participation.
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The impact of comorbid spinal pain in depression on work participation and clinical remission following brief or short psychotherapy. Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial with two-year follow-up. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273216. [PMID: 35994437 PMCID: PMC9394798 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This explorative study analyses the influence of baseline comorbid long-lasting spinal pain (CSP) on improvement of long term work participation and clinical remission of mental health illness following either brief coping-focussed or short-term psychotherapy for depression. Whether type of treatment modifies outcome with or without CSP is also analysed. Design A secondary post hoc subgroup analysis of a pragmatic randomised controlled trial. Interventions Brief or standard short psychotherapy. Methods Based on baseline assessment, the sample was subdivided into a subgroup with and a subgroup without CSP. Work participation and clinical remission of depression and anxiety were assessed as treatment outcome at two-year follow-up. Simple and multivariate logistic regression analyses, across the intervention arms, were applied to evaluate the impact of CSP on treatment outcome. Selected baseline variables were considered as potential confounders and included as variates if relevant. The modifying effect of CSP on treatment outcome was evaluated by including intervention modality as an interaction term. Main results Among the 236 participants with depressive symptoms, 83 participants (35%) were identified with CSP. In simple logistic regression analysis, CSP reduced improvements on both work participation and clinical remission rate. In the multivariate analysis however, the impact of CSP on work participation and on clinical remission were not significant after adjusting for confounding variables. Reduction of work participation was mainly explained by the higher age of the CSP participants and the reduced clinical remission by the additional co-occurrence of anxiety symptoms at baseline. The occurrence of CSP at baseline did not modify long term outcome of brief compared to short psychotherapy. Conclusions CSP at baseline reduced work participation and worsened remission of mental health symptoms two-year following psychotherapy. Older age and more severe baseline anxiety are associated to reduced effectiveness. Type of psychotherapy received did not contribute to differences.
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Papic C, Kifley A, Craig A, Grant G, Collie A, Pozzato I, Gabbe B, Derrett S, Rebbeck T, Jagnoor J, Cameron ID. Factors associated with long term work incapacity following a non-catastrophic road traffic injury: analysis of a two-year prospective cohort study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1498. [PMID: 35931966 PMCID: PMC9356415 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13884-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Road traffic injuries (RTIs), primarily musculoskeletal in nature, are the leading cause of unintentional injury worldwide, incurring significant individual and societal burden. Investigation of a large representative cohort is needed to validate early identifiable predictors of long-term work incapacity post-RTI. Therefore, up until two years post-RTI we aimed to: evaluate absolute occurrence of return-to-work (RTW) and occurrence by injury compensation claimant status; evaluate early factors (e.g., biopsychosocial and injury-related) that influence RTW longitudinally; and identify factors potentially modifiable with intervention (e.g., psychological distress and pain). Methods Prospective cohort study of 2019 adult participants, recruited within 28 days of a non-catastrophic RTI, predominantly of mild-to-moderate severity, in New South Wales, Australia. Biopsychosocial, injury, and compensation data were collected via telephone interview within one-month of injury (baseline). Work status was self-reported at baseline, 6-, 12-, and 24-months. Analyses were restricted to participants who reported paid work pre-injury (N = 1533). Type-3 global p-values were used to evaluate explanatory factors for returning to ‘any’ or ‘full duties’ paid work across factor subcategories. Modified Poisson regression modelling was used to evaluate factors associated with RTW with adjustment for potential covariates. Results Only ~ 30% of people with RTI returned to full work duties within one-month post-injury, but the majority (76.7%) resumed full duties by 6-months. A significant portion of participants were working with modified duties (~ 10%) or not working at all (~ 10%) at 6-, 12-, and 24-months. Female sex, low education, low income, physically demanding occupations, pre-injury comorbidities, and high injury severity were negatively associated with RTW. Claiming injury compensation in the fault-based scheme operating at the time, and early identified post-injury pain and psychological distress, were key factors negatively associated with RTW up until two years post-injury. Conclusions Long-term work incapacity was observed in 20% of people following RTI. Our findings have implications that suggest review of the design of injury compensation schemes and processes, early identification of those at risk of delayed RTW using validated pain and psychological health assessment tools, and improved interventions to address risks, may facilitate sustainable RTW. Trial registration This study was registered prospectively with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12613000889752).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Papic
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Kolling Institute of Medican Research, The University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, Level 12, Corner Reserve Road and Westbourne Street, NSW, 2065, St Leonards, Australia.
| | - Annette Kifley
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Kolling Institute of Medican Research, The University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, Level 12, Corner Reserve Road and Westbourne Street, NSW, 2065, St Leonards, Australia
| | - Ashley Craig
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Kolling Institute of Medican Research, The University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, Level 12, Corner Reserve Road and Westbourne Street, NSW, 2065, St Leonards, Australia
| | - Genevieve Grant
- Australian Centre for Justice Innovation, Faculty of Law, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Alex Collie
- Healthy Working Lives Research Group, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Ilaria Pozzato
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Kolling Institute of Medican Research, The University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, Level 12, Corner Reserve Road and Westbourne Street, NSW, 2065, St Leonards, Australia
| | - Belinda Gabbe
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Sarah Derrett
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, 18 Frederick Street, Dunedin North, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
| | - Trudy Rebbeck
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Kolling Institute of Medican Research, The University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, Level 12, Corner Reserve Road and Westbourne Street, NSW, 2065, St Leonards, Australia
| | - Jagnoor Jagnoor
- The George Institute for Global Health, and Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Level 5/1 King St, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia
| | - Ian D Cameron
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Kolling Institute of Medican Research, The University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, Level 12, Corner Reserve Road and Westbourne Street, NSW, 2065, St Leonards, Australia
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Lane TJ. Collider Bias in Administrative Workers' Compensation Claims Data: A Challenge for Cross-Jurisdictional Research. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2022; 32:161-169. [PMID: 34097183 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-021-09988-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Workers' compensation claims consist of occupational injuries severe enough to meet a compensability threshold. Theoretically, systems with higher thresholds should have fewer claims but greater average severity. For research that relies on claims data, particularly cross-jurisdictional comparisons of compensation systems, this results in collider bias that can lead to spurious associations confounding analyses. In this study, I use real and simulated claims data to demonstrate collider bias and problems with methods used to account for it. METHODS Using Australian claims data, I used a linear regression to test the association between claim rate and mean disability durations across Statistical Areas. Analyses were repeated with nesting by state/territory to account for variations in compensability thresholds across compensation systems. Both analyses are repeated on left-censored data. Simulated claims data are analysed with Cox survival analyses to illustrate how left-censoring can reverse effects. RESULTS The claim rate within a Statistical Area was inversely associated with disability duration. However, this reversed when Statistical Areas were nested by state/territory. Left-censoring resulted in an attenuation of the unnested association to non-significance, while the nested association remained significantly positive. Cox regressions with simulated claims data demonstrated how left-censoring can reverse effects. CONCLUSIONS Collider bias can seriously confound work disability research, particularly cross-jurisdictional comparisons. Work disability researchers must grapple with this challenge by using appropriate study designs and analytical approaches, and considering how it affects the interpretation of results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Lane
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3181, Australia.
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Macpherson RA, Lane TJ, Collie A, McLeod CB. Exploring Differences in Work Disability Duration by Size of Firm in Canada and Australia. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2022; 32:190-202. [PMID: 34981340 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-021-10014-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To identify whether there were differences in work disability duration between injured workers employed by small, medium, large, and self-insured firms and whether these differences varied between workers' compensation jurisdictions in Canada and Australia. Methods Workers' compensation data were used to identify comparable lost-time, work-related injury and musculoskeletal disorder claims in five Canadian and five Australian jurisdictions between 2011 and 2015. Work disability duration was measured using cumulative disability days paid up to one-year post-injury. Jurisdiction-specific quantile regression models were used to estimate differences in cumulative disability days paid to claims from small (< 20 full-time equivalents (FTEs)) medium (20-199 FTEs), large (200 + FTEs) and self-insured firms at the 25th, 50th, and 70th percentiles in the disability distribution, adjusting for confounders. Results Compared to large firms, workers in small firms generally had longer work disability duration at each percentile, particularly in Saskatchewan and Alberta (Canada), Victoria and Australian Capital Territory (Australia), where an additional 31.1, 18.4, 58.5 and 37.0 days were paid at the 75th percentiles, respectively. The disability duration of workers from self-insured firms was longer than large firms in all Canadian jurisdictions but was shorter or no different in Australian jurisdictions. Smaller differences were observed between claims from large and medium-sized firms. Conclusions Workers in small firms had longer work disability duration than those in large firms in all but one of the study jurisdictions. Claims management processes need to be sensitive to the challenges that small firms face in accommodating and returning injured workers back to work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Macpherson
- Partnership for Work, Health and Safety, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Tyler J Lane
- Insurance Work and Health Group, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alex Collie
- Insurance Work and Health Group, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher B McLeod
- Partnership for Work, Health and Safety, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Harris-Adamson C, Eisen EA, Kapellusch J, Hegmann KT, Thiese MS, Dale AM, Evanoff B, Meyers AR, Bao S, Gerr F, Krause N, Rempel D. Occupational risk factors for work disability following carpal tunnel syndrome: a pooled prospective study. Occup Environ Med 2022; 79:442-451. [DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2021-107771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundAlthough recent studies have identified important risk factors associated with incident carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), risk factors associated with its severity have not been well explored.ObjectiveTo examine the associations between personal, workplace psychosocial and biomechanical factors and incident work disability among workers with CTS.MethodsBetween 2001 and 2010 five research groups conducted coordinated prospective studies of CTS and related work disability among US workers from various industries. Workers with prevalent or incident CTS (N=372) were followed for up to 6.4 years. Incident work disability was measured as: (1) change in work pace or work quality, (2) lost time or (3) job change following the development of CTS. Psychosocial factors were assessed by questionnaire. Biomechanical exposures were assessed by observation and measurements and included force, repetition, duty cycle and posture. HRs were estimated using Cox models.ResultsDisability incidence rates per 100 person-years were 33.2 for changes in work pace or quality, 16.3 for lost time and 20.0 for job change. There was a near doubling of risk for job change among those in the upper tertile of the Hand Activity Level Scale (HR 2.17; 95% CI 1.17 to 4.01), total repetition rate (HR 1.75; 95% CI 1.02 to 3.02), % time spent in all hand exertions (HR 2.20; 95% CI 1.21 to 4.01) and a sixfold increase for high job strain. Sensitivity analyses indicated attenuation due to inclusion of the prevalent CTS cases.ConclusionPersonal, biomechanical and psychosocial job factors predicted CTS-related disability. Results suggest that prevention of severe disability requires a reduction of both biomechanical and organisational work stressors.
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Analyzing decline in quality of life by examining employment status changes of occupationally injured workers post medical care. Ann Occup Environ Med 2022; 34:e17. [PMID: 36093268 PMCID: PMC9436793 DOI: 10.35371/aoem.2022.34.e17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate the decline in quality of life (QOL) by examining changes in the employment status of workers who had completed medical treatment after an industrial accident. Methods This study utilized the Panel Study of Worker’s Compensation Insurance cohort (published in October 2020) containing a sample survey of 3,294 occupationally injured workers who completed medical care in 2017. We divided this population into four groups according to changes in working status. A multivariate logistic regression model was utilized for evaluating QOL decline by adjusting for the basic characteristics and working environment at the time of accident. Subgroup analysis evaluated whether QOL decline differed according to disability grade and industry group. Results The QOL decline in the “maintained employment,” “employed to unemployed,” “remained unemployed,” and “unemployed to employed” groups were 15.3%, 28.1%, 20.2%, and 11.9%, respectively. The “maintained employment” group provided a reference. As a result of adjusting for the socioeconomic status and working environment, the odds ratios (ORs) of QOL decline for the “employed to unemployed” group and the “remained unemployed” group were 2.13 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.51–3.01) and 1.47 (95% CI, 1.13–1.90), respectively. The “unemployed to employed” group had a non-significant OR of 0.76 (95% CI, 0.54–1.07). Conclusions This study revealed that continuous unemployment or unstable employment negatively affected industrially injured workers’ QOL. Policy researchers and relevant ministries should further develop and improve “return to work” programs that could maintain decent employment avenues within the workers’ compensation system.
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Taylor-Clark TM, Swiger PA, Hearld LR, Loan LA, Li P, Patrician PA. The Value of the Patient-Centered Medical Home in Getting Adults Suffering From Acute Conditions Back to Work: An Integrative Literature Review. J Ambul Care Manage 2022; 45:42-54. [PMID: 34669619 DOI: 10.1097/jac.0000000000000399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Acute conditions are the leading cause of work restrictions and missed workdays, contributing to over $27 billion in lost productivity each year and negatively impacting workers' health and quality of life. Primary care services, specifically patient-centered medical homes (PCMHs), play an essential role in supporting timely acute illness or injury recovery for working adults. The purpose of this review is to synthesize the evidence on the relationship between PCMH implementation, care processes, and outcomes. In addition, we discuss the empirical connection between this evidence and return-to-work outcomes, as well as the need for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanekkia M Taylor-Clark
- School of Nursing, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (Drs Taylor-Clark, Loan, Li, and Patrician); Center for Nursing Science and Clinical Inquiry, Landstuhl, Germany (Dr Swiger); and Department of Health Services Administration, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham Alabama (Dr Hearld)
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The characteristics of accepted work-related injuries and diseases claims in the Australian coal mining industry. Saf Health Work 2022; 13:135-140. [PMID: 35664901 PMCID: PMC9142351 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2021.12.701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coal mining is a hazardous industry. The purpose of the study is to identify the nature of occupational injuries and diseases among coal miners and to determine the factors that affect the rate of injury and duration of time loss from work. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted using accepted workers' compensation claims data of 30,390 Australian coal miners between July 2003 and June 2017. Results Musculoskeletal and fracture conditions accounted for approximately 60% of claims in all occupational groups. Cox regression analysis showed that older age and female gender were significant predictors of longer time off work. Injury types and occupations were associated with work time loss: mental health conditions, and machine operators and drivers had significantly longer durations of time off work. Conclusion Future research can further address how these factors led to longer time off work so that coal industry regulators, employers, and healthcare providers can target interventions more effectively to these at-risk workers.
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Woods M, Matthewson ML. Managing and Mitigating Suffering in the Return-to-Work Process. Front Psychol 2021; 12:805855. [PMID: 34956027 PMCID: PMC8695797 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.805855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Each year thousands of workers experience a serious illness or injury that necessitates time off work and a subsequent re-engagement with the work environment. In Australia, workers' compensation legislation mandates the return-to-work (RTW) process is formal, structured, and negotiated between the worker, their employer, health care professionals and their RTW coordinator. How this is executed by those parties directly influences whether the RTW process is supportive and successful, or exacerbates the suffering of returning workers by causing them to feel ostracised, exposed, and vulnerable in their workplace. In this article, we examine how the RTW process can cause physical, emotional, social, and existential suffering for returning workers. We then discuss how the suffering that workers experience can be mitigated by five key factors: clarity of roles in the RTW process, alignment of worker and employer expectations, the advocacy provided by the RTW coordinator, the support provided for the worker's psychological wellbeing, and the RTW literacy of supervisors and colleagues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Woods
- Tasmanian School of Business and Economics, College of Business and Economics, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Mandy L Matthewson
- School of Psychological Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
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25
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Saffari N, Senthanar S, Koehoorn M, McGrail K, McLeod C. Immigrant status, gender and work disability duration: findings from a linked, retrospective cohort of workers' compensation and immigration data from British Columbia, Canada. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e050829. [PMID: 34872998 PMCID: PMC8650469 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare differences in work disability durations of immigrant men and women injured at work to comparable Canadian-born injured workers in British Columbia, Canada. METHODS Data on accepted workers compensation claims and immigration status from 1995 and 2012 were used to compare the number of work disability days paid at the 25%, 50% and 75% for immigrant and Canadian-born injured workers stratified by gender and recency of immigration. RESULTS Immigrant workers comprised 8.9% (78 609) of the cohort. In adjusted quantile regression models, recent and established immigrant women received 1.3 (0.8, 1.9) and 4.0 (3.4, 4.6) more paid disability days at the 50% of the disability distribution than Canadian-born counterparts. For recent and established immigrant men, this difference was 2.4 (2.2, 2.6) and 2.7 (2.4, 4.6). At the 75%, this difference increased for recent immigrant men and established immigrant men and women but declined for recent immigrant women. CONCLUSIONS Injured immigrants receive more work disability days than their Canadian-born counterparts except for recent immigrant women. Both immigrant status and gender matter in understanding health disparities in work disability after work injury. KEYWORDS WORK DISABILITY: immigrant health; linked administrative data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Saffari
- School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sonja Senthanar
- School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mieke Koehoorn
- School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kimberlyn McGrail
- School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christopher McLeod
- School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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26
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Senthanar S, Koehoorn M, Tamburic L, Premji S, Bültmann U, McLeod CB. Differences in Work Disability Duration for Immigrants and Canadian-Born Workers in British Columbia, Canada. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:11794. [PMID: 34831550 PMCID: PMC8625680 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182211794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate differences in work disability duration among immigrants (categorized as economic, family member or refugee/other classification upon arrival to Canada) compared to Canadian-born workers with a work-related injury in British Columbia. Immigrants and Canadian-born workers were identified from linked immigration records with workers' compensation claims for work-related back strain, connective tissue, concussion and fracture injuries requiring at least one paid day of work disability benefits between 2009 to 2015. Quantile regression investigated the relationship between immigration classification and predicted work disability days (defined from injury date to end of compensation claim, up to 365 days) and modeled at the 25th, 50th and 75th percentile of the distribution of the disability days. With a few exceptions, immigrants experienced greater predicted disability days compared to Canadian-born workers within the same injury cohort. The largest differences were observed for family and refugee/other immigrant classification workers, and, in particular, for women within these classifications, compared to Canadian-born workers. For example, at the 50th percentile of the distribution of disability days, we observed a difference of 34.1 days longer for refugee/other women in the concussion cohort and a difference of 27.5 days longer for family classification women in the fracture cohort. Economic immigrants had comparable disability days with Canadian-born workers, especially at the 25th and 50th percentiles of the distribution. Immigrant workers' longer disability durations may be a result of more severe injuries or challenges navigating the workers' compensation system with delays in seeking disability benefits and rehabilitation services. Differences by immigrant classification speak to vulnerabilities or inequities upon arrival in Canada that persist after entry to the workforce and warrant further investigation for early mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Senthanar
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; (S.S.); (L.T.); (C.B.M.)
| | - Mieke Koehoorn
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; (S.S.); (L.T.); (C.B.M.)
| | - Lillian Tamburic
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; (S.S.); (L.T.); (C.B.M.)
| | - Stephanie Premji
- School of Labour Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M4, Canada;
| | - Ute Bültmann
- Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Christopher B. McLeod
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; (S.S.); (L.T.); (C.B.M.)
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Bae SW, Lee MY, Park SW, Lee G, Leigh JH. Satisfying medical and rehabilitation needs positively influences returning to work after a work-related injury: an analysis of national panel data from 2018 to 2019. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:2017. [PMID: 34740350 PMCID: PMC8571869 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12064-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study examined how meeting the medical needs of injured workers after initial treatment may affect their return to work, using data from the Panel Study of Workers’ Compensation Insurance. Methods This study was designed as a longitudinal study, which used data from the second-year, follow-up survey conducted in the secondary cohort of the Panel Study of Workers’ Compensation Insurance. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval were estimated through binomial and multinomial logistic regression analyses to examine the effects of unmet medical needs on workers’ return to original work and return to work overall (including reemployment). Results The returned to original work OR of workers whose rehabilitation needs were met was 1.35 (1.12–1.63) while the return to work OR was 1.20 (1.03–1.41). The returned to original work OR of workers whose medical needs were met was 1.64 (1.18–2.27) while the return to work OR was 1.39 (1.07–1.80). In terms of disability rating, the return to work ORs of workers with mild disabilities whose medical/rehabilitation needs were not met and those of workers without disabilities were 1.71 (1.17–2.49) and 1.97 (1.27–3.08), respectively. In the case of regular/temporary workers, the returned-to-work ORs of workers whose medical/rehabilitation needs were not met were 1.54 (1.12–2.13) and 1.27 (1.03–1.56), respectively. Conclusions For workers who sustained work-related injuries, providing medical accessibility and meeting rehabilitation needs were found to be important predictors of return to work after initial treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-12064-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Won Bae
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Min-Yong Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Korea.,Rehabilitation Medical Center, Korea Workers' Compensation and Welfare Service Incheon Hospital, Incheon, 21417, Korea
| | - Shin Who Park
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Korea.,Rehabilitation Medical Center, Korea Workers' Compensation and Welfare Service Incheon Hospital, Incheon, 21417, Korea
| | - Gangpyo Lee
- Rehabilitation Medical Center, Korea Workers' Compensation and Welfare Service Incheon Hospital, Incheon, 21417, Korea.,Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center, Korea Workers' Compensation and Welfare Service Incheon Hospital, Incheon, 21417, Korea
| | - Ja-Ho Leigh
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Korea. .,National Traffic Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, National Traffic Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Yangpyeong, 12564, Korea.
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Killip SC, MacDermid JC, Sinden KE, Gewurtz RE, Scott L. Identifying predictors of return to work and the duration of time off work in first responders affected with musculoskeletal injuries or mental health issues. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2021; 95:723-735. [PMID: 34674035 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-021-01800-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify predictors of return to work, duration of time off work, and claim closure for first responders experiencing injuries or illnesses, and summarize the claim data. METHODS First responder claims collected between January 2012 and July 2017 were obtained from a disability management company. Known predictors of return to work were extracted from the data including age, sex, diagnosis, years of service, claim lag, medical report lag, and the return-to-work duties. Survival analyses were performed to identify predictors of return to work and claim closure using the Cox proportional regression analysis. Log-rank tests were performed to identify predictors that affected the rate of return to work and claim closure. Summary statistics were performed for the injury and return-to-work data. RESULTS 60 of the 67 (89.6%) identified first responders returned to work within the data collection period. Musculoskeletal injuries predicted an increased likelihood of returning to work (hazard ratio = 2.0, 95%CI = 1.14-3.60) and a shorter duration of time off work (37 days on average) compared to mental health issues. Everyday of claim lag and medical report lag predicted a 2% decrease in likelihood of return to work. Returning to work was the only predictor of claim closure. 45 (67.2%) first responders returned to their pre-absence duties. 22 (32.8%) mental health claims and 45 (67.2%) injury claims were identified. CONCLUSIONS 89.6% of first responders returned to work, although only 67.2% returned to their pre-absence duties. Predictors of return to work included injury type, as first responders with musculoskeletal injuries returned to work sooner, and claim and medical lag delayed the return to work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon C Killip
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West IAHS 403, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada.
| | - Joy C MacDermid
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West IAHS 403, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada.,Physical Therapy and Surgery, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Clinical Research Lab, Hand and Upper Limb Centre, St. Joseph's Health Centre, London, ON, Canada
| | - Kathryn E Sinden
- School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Rd, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Rebecca E Gewurtz
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main Street West IAHS 403, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Liz Scott
- School of Psychology, Capella University, Minnesota, USA.,CEO of Organizational Solutions Inc., 2186 Mountain Grove Ave. #253, Burlington, ON, L7P 4X4, Canada
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29
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Quaigrain RA, Issa MH. Comparative analysis of leading and lagging indicators of construction disability management performance: an exploratory study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15623599.2021.1963921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rhoda A. Quaigrain
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Mohamed H. Issa
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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30
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Edmonds AT, Sears JM, O'Connor A, Peckham T. The role of nonstandard and precarious jobs in the well-being of disabled workers during workforce reintegration. Am J Ind Med 2021; 64:667-679. [PMID: 34003515 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonstandard employment arrangements are becoming increasingly common and could provide needed flexibility for workers living with disabilities. However, these arrangements may indicate precarious employment, that is, employment characterized by instability, powerlessness, and limited worker rights and benefits. Little is known about the role of nonstandard and precarious jobs in the well-being of disabled persons during workforce reintegration after permanent impairment from work-related injuries or illnesses. METHODS We used linked survey and administrative data for a sample of 442 Washington State workers who recently returned to work and received a workers' compensation permanent partial disability award after permanent impairment from a work-related injury. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine associations between nonstandard employment and outcomes related to worker well-being and sustained employment. We also examined associations between a multidimensional measure of precarious employment and these outcomes. Secondarily, qualitative content analysis methods were used to code worker suggestions on how workplaces could support sustained return to work (RTW). RESULTS Workers in: (1) nonstandard jobs (compared with full-time, permanent jobs), and (2) precarious jobs (compared with less precarious jobs) had higher adjusted odds of low expectations for sustained RTW. Additionally, workers in precarious jobs had higher odds of reporting fair or poor health and unmet need for disability accommodation. Workers in nonstandard and precarious jobs frequently reported wanting safer and adequately staffed workplaces to ensure safety and maintain sustained employment. CONCLUSIONS Ensuring safe, secure employment for disabled workers could play an important role in their well-being and sustained RTW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy T. Edmonds
- Department of Health Services University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
| | - Jeanne M. Sears
- Department of Health Services University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
- Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
- Institute for Work and Health University of Washington Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Allyson O'Connor
- Department of Health Services University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
| | - Trevor Peckham
- Department of Health Services University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
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31
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Fan JK, Macpherson RA, Smith PM, Harris MA, Gignac MAM, McLeod CB. Age Differences in Work-Disability Duration Across Canada: Examining Variations by Follow-Up Time and Context. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2021; 31:339-349. [PMID: 32910344 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-020-09922-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to understand age differences in wage-replacement duration by focusing on variations in the relationship across different periods of follow-up time. Methods We used administrative claims data provided by six workers' compensation systems in Canada. Included were time-loss claims for workers aged 15-80 years with a work-related injury/illness during the 2011 to 2015 period (N = 751,679 claims). Data were coded for comparability across cohorts. Survival analysis examined age-related differences in the hazard of transitioning off (versus remaining on) disability benefits, allowing for relaxed proportionality constraints on the hazard rates over time. Differences were examined on the absolute (hazard difference) and relative (hazard ratios [HR]) scales. Results Older age groups had a lower likelihood of transitioning off wage-replacement benefits compared to younger age groups in the overall models (e.g., 55-64 vs. 15-24 years: HR 0.62). However, absolute and relative differences in age-specific hazard rates varied as a function of follow-up time. The greatest age-related differences were observed at earlier event times and were attenuated towards a null difference across later follow-up event times. Conclusions Our study provides new insight into the workplace injury/illness claim and recovery processes and suggests that older age is not always strongly associated with worse disability duration outcomes. The use of data from multiple jurisdictions lends external validity to our findings and demonstrates the utility of using cross-jurisdictional data extracts. Future work should examine the social and contextual determinants that operate during various recovery phases, and how these factors interact with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan K Fan
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Robert A Macpherson
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Peter M Smith
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - M Anne Harris
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- School of Occupational and Public Health, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Monique A M Gignac
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher B McLeod
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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32
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Health-care providers' perspectives on factors influencing return-to-work after surgery for nontraumatic conditions of the upper extremity. J Hand Ther 2021; 33:87-95.e1. [PMID: 30857893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jht.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN This study is a descriptive survey. INTRODUCTION Health care providers (HCPs) are key stakeholders who facilitate workers' return to work (RTW) following upper extremity surgery. Hand therapists play a major role in this process, yet we do not know if and/or how their perspectives differ from other HCPs. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY This study examined HCPs' opinion on factors that influence RTW after surgery for nontraumatic upper extremity conditions and whether HCPs from different disciplines differed in their opinion. METHODS HCPs (occupational therapists, physiotherapists, hand therapists, exercise physiologists, psychologists, surgeons, and general practitioners) completed a survey rating 50 factors on a worker's ability to RTW. Each factor was scored using a 5-point Likert scale from "not" to "extremely" influential, which was later dichotomised. Agreement was indicated at 75%. The level of disagreement between disciplines was examined. RESULTS Respondents (n = 787) identified 20 factors being influential on RTW. They are (in order from highest to lowest) poor pain coping (the highest, >85% of respondents), postoperative psychological state, RTW self-efficacy, employer/supervisor's support, employer's unwillingness for job modification, recovery expectations, job satisfaction, suitable duties availability, whether the job can be modified, and mood disorder diagnosis. There was agreement that two factors do not influence RTW, gender, and preemployment medical assessment. There was disagreement (P < .05) between HCP disciplines on six factors (obesity, comorbidities, doctors' RTW recommendation, diagnosis, fitness, income). There were no consistent patterns with respect to which professions disagreed across all six factors. Hand therapists differed from the other disciplines for three of the factors including diagnosis, comorbidities, and doctor's recommendation for RTW. DISCUSSION The factors that stakeholders agreed as having the greatest influence were mainly related to the worker (pain and psychological factors) and the workplace and are amenable to RTW interventions. CONCLUSION Interventions facilitating RTW and future research should consider the factors identified by HCPs in this study.
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Bae SW, Jeong I, Yoon JH, Lee SW, Kim TH, Won JU. Relationship between workers' return to work, job retention and income in industrial accidents in Korea: a longitudinal study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e039948. [PMID: 33837092 PMCID: PMC8043011 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to compare workers' income before and after an occupational injury, with regard to return to work and job retention, over a period of 5 years. DESIGN This study was designed as a longitudinal study. SETTING The Panel Study of Workers' Compensation Insurance (PSWCI) survey targeted workers involved in industrial accidents for which medical care was terminated in the year 2012. PARTICIPANTS The panel study was conducted on a final sample of 2000 workers who were selected proportionally by region (nine regions) after priority assignment by disability rating (six levels). A total of 1458 workers were finally included in this study. METHODS This study used data from the first to fifth PSWCI. To identify the effect on income after occupational injury considering return to work and job retention, we used the generalised estimating equation. RESULTS In regard to workers' return to work, the OR that income after an occupational injury would be higher than that before an occupational injury was 3.17 (2.41-4.17) for those who returned to original work and 2.32 (1.81-2.97) for those re-employed as compared with who did not return to work and 1.27 (1.07-1.15) for those who retained their job as compared with those who did not. The ORs were 2.91 (2.26-3.75) for those who were re-employed and retained jobs and 2.96 (2.15-4.08) for those who returned to original work and did not retain jobs as compared with those who did not return to work and did not retain jobs. CONCLUSIONS It is important for accident victims to retain their jobs to maintain their economic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Won Bae
- Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Inchul Jeong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jin-Ha Yoon
- Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Wook Lee
- Labor Welfare Research Institute, Korea Workers' Compensation & Welfare Service, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Kim
- Department of Hospital Administration, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong-Uk Won
- Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Palumbo AJ, Richmond TS, Webster J, Koilor C, Jacoby SF. The relationship between work and mental health outcomes in Black men after serious injury. Injury 2021; 52:750-756. [PMID: 33627251 PMCID: PMC8084974 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2021.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the association between return to work (RTW) and mental health outcomes in Black men in Philadelphia recovering from serious traumatic injuries. METHODS We analyzed data from 498 Black men aged ≥ 18 years living in Philadelphia who were admitted to a Level I trauma center for injury between January 2013 and June 2017. We used multivariable logistic regression to estimate the association between pre-injury occupation, RTW and depression or PTSD 3 months after hospitalization. RESULTS In adjusted analyses, men who had not RTW at follow-up had higher odds of poor mental health outcomes than men who had RTW (OR: 2.7, 95% CI: 1.8, 4.2). Additional significant factors included: younger age, lack of or public health insurance and higher lifetime experiences of racism. CONCLUSIONS The mental health recovery trajectory of injured Black men living in Philadelphia is associated with RTW and other factors that can influence financial stability and economic resources. POLICY IMPLICATIONS Programmatic strategies that seek to optimize recovery after injury in Black men should include consideration of key structural factors such as employment, financial stability, and the impact of racism-related exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee J. Palumbo
- College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA,Penn Injury Science Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Therese S. Richmond
- Penn Injury Science Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA,School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jessica Webster
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Sara F. Jacoby
- Penn Injury Science Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA,School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Guo F, Liu L, Lv W, Li F, Duffy VG. A bibliometric analysis of occupational low back pain studies from 2000 to 2020. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2021; 77:362-371. [PMID: 33653232 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2021.1893634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the evolution tracks of occupational low back pain (OLBP) studies during 2000 ∼ 2020 through strict and systematic bibliometric analysis. The analysis began with data retrieval in Web of Science using defined search terms associated with OLBP. Bibliometric tools, including BibExcel and CiteSpace, were employed to conduct performance analysis and co-citation network analysis. Totally, 4,127 documents were identified from 2000 to 2020. The United States contributed the most publications. The leading journals mainly focused on medicine and ergonomics. The co-citation analysis illuminated the development of OLBP studies and the top three published keywords were musculoskeletal disorder, risk factors, and fear avoidance. This paper can help researchers have a broader and deeper understanding of OLBP studies, provide a general insight into aggregate performance in the OLBP field, and find further research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Guo
- School of Business Administration, Northeastern University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Business Administration, Northeastern University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Wei Lv
- School of Business Administration, Northeastern University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Fengxiang Li
- School of Business Administration, Northeastern University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Vincent G Duffy
- School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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Villotti P, Gragnano A, Larivière C, Negrini A, Dionne CE, Corbière M. Tools Appraisal of Organizational Factors Associated with Return-to-Work in Workers on Sick Leave Due to Musculoskeletal and Common Mental Disorders: A Systematic Search and Review. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2021; 31:7-25. [PMID: 32440855 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-020-09902-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The objective of this study was to identify organizational factors that are predictive of return-to-work (RTW) among workers with musculoskeletal (MSD) and common mental disorders (CMD), and to subsequently catalogue and characterize the questionnaires (tools) used to measure them. Methods A systematic search on PubMed, Web of Science and PsycINFO library databases and grey literature was conducted. First, a list of organizational factors predictive of RTW for the two populations considered was built. Second, the questionnaires used to measure these factors were retrieved. Third, we looked in the scientific literature for studies on the psychometric properties and practical relevance of these questionnaires. Results Among the factors retained, perceived social support from supervisor and co-workers, work accommodations, and job strain were identified as common RTW factors. Other risk/protective factors, and associated tools, specifically targeting either people with MSD or CMD were also analysed. Conclusions Researchers and practitioners are often uncertain of which tools to use to measure organizational factors which can facilitate or hinder RTW. This study provides an evaluation of the tools measuring predictive organizational RTW factors in people with MSD and CMD. The identified tools can be used in everyday practice and/or research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Villotti
- Career counselling - Department of Education, Université du Québec à Montréal, 1205 rue St-Denis, Montréal, QC, H2X 3R9, Canada.
| | - Andrea Gragnano
- Department of Psychology, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Christian Larivière
- Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail, Montréal, Canada
| | - Alessia Negrini
- Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail, Montréal, Canada
| | - Clermont E Dionne
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Axe Santé des populations et pratiques optimales en santé, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc Corbière
- Career counselling - Department of Education, Université du Québec à Montréal, 1205 rue St-Denis, Montréal, QC, H2X 3R9, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
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Vanovenberghe C, Du Bois M, Lauwerier E, Van den Broeck A. Does motivation predict return to work? A longitudinal analysis. J Occup Health 2021; 63:e12284. [PMID: 34811863 PMCID: PMC8609417 DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Motivation for return to work (RTW) reflects the degree of willingness to resume work activities and has been shown to be a crucial factor in long-term work disability. The satisfaction of basic psychological needs and motivation as described by the Self-Determination Theory (SDT) yield associations with outcomes such as quality of life and job satisfaction. The current study is the first study to examine whether motivation and basic psychological needs are predictive for RTW outcomes at 1-year follow-up. METHODS About 349 people with a work disability (mean = 131.32 days off work) participated in this observational longitudinal research. Quality of motivation (MAWS) and basic psychological need satisfaction and frustration (BPNSFS) were measured at baseline. At 12-month follow-up, differences in RTW were assessed in terms of (1) time until RTW, (2) partial RTW, (3) relapse within 12 months, (4) work disability longer than 12 months. Binary logistic and cox regression analyses were used. RESULTS Controlled motivation regarding the former job was related to shorter time until RTW. Autonomous motivation and amotivation did not seem predictive for RTW variables. The frustration of the basic needs was related to a longer work disability, need satisfaction was not related to the RTW variables. No significant predictors for relapse and partial RTW were found. CONCLUSIONS The frustration of basic psychological needs was predictive for a longer work disability. Controlled motivation on the other hand predicted faster RTW, which was an unexpected direction. SDT seems to have predictive value, yet underlying mechanisms remain unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Vanovenberghe
- Department of Public Health and Primary CareKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Health PsychologyUGentGhentBelgium
- National Alliance of Christian Sickness FundsBrusselsBelgium
| | - Marc Du Bois
- Department of Public Health and Primary CareKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Emelien Lauwerier
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Health PsychologyUGentGhentBelgium
- Department of Public Health and Primary CareUGentGhentBelgium
| | - Anja Van den Broeck
- Department of Work and Organisation StudiesKU LeuvenBrusselsBelgium
- OptentiaNorth West UniversityVanderbijlparkSouth Africa
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Age Differences in Return-to-Work Following Injury: Understanding the Role of Age Dimensions Across Longitudinal Follow-up. J Occup Environ Med 2020; 62:e680-e687. [PMID: 32956237 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the overall association between chronological age and return-to-work (RTW), and understand if existing data could be used to better understand the role of age-related dimensions (functional, psychosocial, organizational, life-stage) in explaining these associations. METHODS We used survey data from a prospective cohort of injured workers in Victoria, Australia. Path models examined the relationship between chronological age and RTW, and the proportion mediated via age dimensions. RESULTS Older chronological age was associated with non-RTW, although the pattern was not observed consistently across follow-up surveys. A proportion of the overall relationship between chronological age and non-RTW was explained by functional and life-stage age and RTW status at previous time points. CONCLUSIONS Findings underscore the importance of moving beyond age measured only in chronological years, towards more complex conceptual and analytical models that recognize age as a multidimensional construct.
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Wegrzynek PA, Wainwright E, Ravalier J. Return to work interventions for chronic pain: a systematic review. Occup Med (Lond) 2020; 70:268-277. [PMID: 32449768 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqaa066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pain (CP) remains the second commonest reason for being off work. Tertiary return to work (RTW) interventions aim to improve psychological and physical capacity amongst workers already off sick. Their effectiveness for workers with CP is unclear. AIMS To explore which tertiary interventions effectively promote RTW for CP sufferers. METHODS We searched eight databases for randomized controlled trials evaluating the effectiveness of tertiary RTW interventions for CP sufferers. We employed the Cochrane Risk of Bias (ROB) and methodological quality assessment tools for all included papers. We synthesized findings narratively. Meta-analysis was not possible due to heterogeneity of study characteristics. RESULTS We included 16 papers pertaining to 13 trials. The types, delivery format and follow-up schedules of RTW interventions varied greatly. Most treatments were multidisciplinary, comprising psychological, physical and workplace elements. Five trials reported that tertiary interventions with multidisciplinary elements promoted RTW for workers with CP compared to controls. We gave a high ROB rating for one or more assessment criteria to three out of the five successful intervention trials. Two had medium- and low-risk elements across all categories. One compared different intensity multidisciplinary treatment and one comprised work-hardening with a job coach. Seven trials found treatment effects for secondary outcomes but no RTW improvement. CONCLUSIONS There is no conclusive evidence to support any specific tertiary RTW intervention for workers with CP, but multidisciplinary efforts should be considered. Workers' compensation is an important area for RTW policymakers to consider.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Wegrzynek
- Department of Psychology, Bath Spa University, Bath, UK
| | - E Wainwright
- Department of Psychology, Bath Spa University, Bath, UK
| | - J Ravalier
- Department of Psychology, Bath Spa University, Bath, UK
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Transcultural validation of the return-to-work self-efficacy scale in Korean patients with work-related injuries. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:844. [PMID: 32493252 PMCID: PMC7268421 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08979-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to develop a Korean version of the Return-to-Work Self-Efficacy (RTWSE)-19 Scale using forward- and backward-translation and investigate the validity of the RTWSE Scale specifically for Korean workers with work-related injuries. Methods Participants were 202 injured workers who had filed a claim accepted by the workers’ compensation system and had received medical rehabilitation at workers’ compensation hospitals following a work-related musculoskeletal injury. Among these participants, 88.1% were male, 54.5% were over 45 years, 45.5% were manufacturing employees, and 54.5% were craft or machine operator and assemblers. The 19 item RTWSE-19 scale was developed by Shaw et al. and have three underlying subscales: (i) meeting job demands, (ii) modifying job tasks, and (iii) communicating needs to others. Statistical analysis included exploratory factor analysis (maximum likelihood estimation with oblique quartimin rotation), internal consistency reliability using Cronbach’s alpha, and correlations with related measures: pain intensity; fear-avoidance beliefs; general health; depression; and general self-efficacy. Results Using exploratory factor analysis, three factors with 17 items were identified: meeting job demands, modifying job tasks, and communicating needs to others. The removal of two items in the modifying job tasks domain resulted in an increased reliability. The Korean version of the RTWSE-17 showed reasonable model fit (CFI = .963; TLI = .943; RMSEA = .068; SRMR = 0.029), satisfactory reliability (r = 0.925), no floor and ceiling effect, and construct validity. Conclusions The Korean RTWSE-17 scale was found to possess good psychometric properties and could address different injury types ranging from fractures to amputations involved in sub-acute and rehabilitation phases in the Korean context. This study’s findings provide insights for practitioners and researchers to return to work after rehabilitation in a Korean clinical and workplace setting.
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Choi K, Maas ET, Koehoorn M, McLeod CB. Time to return to work following workplace violence among direct healthcare and social workers. Occup Environ Med 2020; 77:160-167. [DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2019-106211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
ObjectivesThis study examined time to return-to-work (RTW) among direct healthcare and social workers with violence-related incidents compared with these workers with non-violence-related incidents in British Columbia, Canada.MethodsAccepted workers’ compensation lost-time claims were extracted between 2010 and 2014. Workers with violence-related incidents and with non-violence-related incidents were matched using coarsened exact matching (n=5762). The outcome was days until RTW within 1 year after the first day of time loss, estimated with Cox regression using piecewise models, stratified by injury type, occupation, care setting and shift type.ResultsWorkers with violence-related incidents, compared with workers with non-violence-related incidents, were more likely to RTW within 30 days postinjury, less likely within 61–180 days, and were no different after 181 days. Workers with psychological injuries resulting from a violence-related incident had a lower likelihood to RTW during the year postinjury (HR 0.61, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.86). Workers with violence-related incidents in counselling and social work occupations were less likely to RTW within 90 days postinjury (HR 31–60 days: 0.67, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.95 and HR 61–90 days: 0.46, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.69). Workers with violence-related incidents in long-term care and residential social services were less likely to RTW within 91–180 days postinjury.ConclusionsWorkers with psychological injuries, and those in counselling and social work occupations and in long-term care and residential social services, took longer to RTW following a violence-related incident than workers with non-violence-related incidents. Future research should focus on identifying risk factors to reduce the burden of violence and facilitate RTW.
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Winter L, Geldmacher J, Plücker-Boss K, Kahl KG. Integration of a Return-to-Work Module in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder and Long-Term Sick Leave-A Feasibility Study. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:512. [PMID: 32581884 PMCID: PMC7283451 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Major depressive disorder (MDD) has a negative impact on individuals ability to work, and is often associated with long phases of sick leave. Consequently, interventions facilitating return to work in patients with MDD gained increased attention during last decades. We here report results of a feasibility study where a "return-to-work" (RTW) module published by Lagerveld and colleagues in the Netherlands was integrated in cognitive behavioral therapy in depressed patients with long-term sick leaves in Germany. Our study aimed to answer the following questions: Is RTW accepted by patients and therapists? Do RTW interventions lead to return-to-work? Do depressive symptoms improve? METHODS Twenty patients with MDD (15 female; mean age, 45 ± 9 years) were included. Patients received cognitive-behavioral therapy with an integrated, standardized return-to-work module (W-CBT). Psychometric measurements included Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-2) and work ability index (WAI). Further, time until return-to-work was measured, and acceptability of W-CBT was assessed using visual analog scales and open questions. RESULTS Mean sick leave days in depressed patients were 127 ± 97, and 75% of patients were sick leave for more than 6 weeks. After treatment, 11/20 patients had returned to their former occupation (55%), 5/20 were in occupational re-deployment or started a new job (25%), and 3/20 patients were still on sick leave (2/20; 10%) or received a pension (1/20; 5%). One patient dropped out. BDI-2 sum score improved from 23 ± 8 to 8 ± 5 (p < 0.001), and WAI improved from 28 ± 6 to 39 ± 7 (p < 0.001). Acceptability of W-CBT in patients and therapists was high. CONCLUSION We here demonstrate feasibility and acceptability of an RTW module integrated in standard cognitive behavioral therapy. W-CBT leads to improvement of work ability, paralleled by improvement of depressive symptoms. Despite the limitations of this uncontrolled study, the results propose that W-CBT may be feasible in the treatment of depressed patients with long sick leaves and justify a controlled trial evaluating the efficacy of W-CBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotta Winter
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia Geldmacher
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Katharina Plücker-Boss
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kai G Kahl
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Etuknwa A, Daniels K, Eib C. Sustainable Return to Work: A Systematic Review Focusing on Personal and Social Factors. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2019; 29:679-700. [PMID: 30767151 PMCID: PMC6838034 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-019-09832-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Purpose A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the impact of important personal and social factors on sustainable return to work (RTW) after ill-health due musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and common mental disorders (CMDs) and to compare the effects of these personal and social factors across both conditions. Sustainable RTW is defined as a stable full-time or part-time RTW to either original or modified job for a period of at least 3 months without relapse or sickness absence re-occurrence. Methods A literature search was conducted in 13 databases and 79 studies were selected for the review, of which the methodological design was graded as very high, high and low quality. Results The most consistent evidence for achieving sustainable RTW for both MSDs and CMDs was from support from line managers or supervisors and co-workers, positive attitude, self-efficacy, young age and higher education levels. Job crafting, economic status, length of absence and job contract/security showed promising results, but too few studies exist to draw definite conclusions. Results regarding gender were inconsistent. Conclusions This review demonstrates that a variety of personal and social factors have positive and negative influences on sustainable RTW. We suggest that the social environment and how it interrelates with personal factors like attitudes and self-efficacy should be studied in more detail in the future as the inter-relationship between these factors appears to impact positively on sustainable RTW outcomes. Areas for future research include more high-quality studies on job crafting, economic status/income, length of absence, job contract/security and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abasiama Etuknwa
- Norwich Business School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR47TJ UK
| | - Kevin Daniels
- Norwich Business School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR47TJ UK
| | - Constanze Eib
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala Universitet, Von Kraemers allé 1A och 1C 752 37, Box 1225, 751 42 Uppsala, Sweden
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Noh JW, Kim KB, Cheon J, Lee Y, Kwon YD. Sex Differences in Factors Associated with General Life Satisfaction among Occupationally Injured Workers in Korea: A Panel Analysis of the 2013-2017 Panel Study of Worker's Compensation Insurance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16224397. [PMID: 31717913 PMCID: PMC6888543 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16224397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The majority of previous occupational studies focused on factors affecting life satisfaction among occupationally injured workers have been based on a cross-sectional design, not a sex-aggregated model. This study aimed to identify sex differences in factors related to life satisfaction among workers who experienced work-related injuries using nationally representative panel data from South Korea. Data from the first to fifth (2013-2017) waves of the Panel Study of Worker's Compensation Insurance were analyzed. Of 1514 respondents, those who participated in all five survey waves were included in the final study population. To assess the factors associated with general life satisfaction of the occupationally injured workers, a panel data analysis was conducted using generalized estimating equations. The impacts of education level, return to work, self-rated health, task performance, self-esteem, and self-efficacy were significant in both sexes. On the other hand, the influence of age, marital status, personal labor income, and National Basic Livelihood Act recipient status significantly varied by sex. There were sex differences in factors related to general life satisfaction among occupationally injured workers, highlighting the need for sex-specific intervention programs. Employers, healthcare providers, and other stakeholders need to pay attention to vulnerable groups and investigate the most appropriate financial support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Won Noh
- Department of Health Administration, College of Health Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea;
- Global Health Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Kyoung-Beom Kim
- Graduate School of Public Health, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Jooyoung Cheon
- Department of Nursing Science, Sungshin University, Seoul 01133, Korea;
| | - Yejin Lee
- Department of Healthcare Management, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Korea;
| | - Young Dae Kwon
- Department of Humanities and Social Medicine, College of Medicine and Catholic Institute for Healthcare Management, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
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Boyle E, Cassidy JD, Côté P. Determining the reliability and convergent validity of a return-to-work status questionnaire. Work 2019; 63:69-80. [PMID: 31127746 DOI: 10.3233/wor-192909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In occupational rehabilitation programs, return-to-work is a key outcome measure; however, the studies either used different definitions for return-to-work or do not provide their definition. In order to provide a solution to this issue, we developed a self-report return-to-work measure. OBJECTIVE We investigated the reliability and validity of a self-report return-to-work questionnaire in a cohort of workers with a work-related injury. METHODS Two research assistants independently administered the baseline questionnaires and a follow-up questionnaire. The questionnaires contained work-related questions (e.g., currently working, if duties changed) that were used to create a four-category work status measure. Pain-related and a recovery questions were also asked. We obtained loss of earnings data from the compensation board. The short-term reliability and convergent validity were assessed. RESULTS We recruited 75 workers, and 57 completed the test-re-test baseline questionnaire, and 51 completed the follow-up. The mean age was 45.4 years and 57% were female. The participants had a mixture of musculoskeletal injuries. Most were in the acute stage, but 17% of the participants were injured for more than a year. The short-term reliability of current working status had a kappa value of 0.90. Participants who were not working had higher levels of pain-related disability than those who were working. The kappa value for the agreement between self-reported working status and administrative data on receiving any loss of earnings payment was around 0.65. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides evidence of reliability and validity for a new return-to-work measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Boyle
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - J David Cassidy
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Pierre Côté
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology (UOIT), Oshawa, Canada.,UOIT-CMCC Centre for the Study of Disability Prevention and Rehabilitation, Oshawa, Canada
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Gelfman R, Hill JJ. Rehabilitating the Injured/Ill Worker to Maximum Medical Improvement (MMI). Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2019; 30:657-669. [PMID: 31227140 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The concepts associated with work disability are not identical to those associated with medical disability. In addition to a worker's medical condition, the resultant functional limitations, and loss of participation in society, the injured or ill worker must often navigate a complex administrative system that often seems adversarial. This process is made less adversarial with the willingness to participate of knowledgeable clinicians. This article informs the interested clinician in regard to the unique aspects of work disability, including the issues of work accommodations, restrictions, and fitness for duty; prolonged work disability; and other return-to-work considerations at maximum medical improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell Gelfman
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905-0001, USA.
| | - James J Hill
- UNC Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, NC Memorial Hospital, CB #7200, 101 Manning Drive, Room N1183, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Stapelfeldt CM, Momsen AMH, Lund T, Grønborg TK, Hogg-Johnson S, Jensen C, Skakon J, Labriola M. Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Reliability and Validity of the Danish Version of the Readiness for Return to Work Instrument. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2019; 29:325-335. [PMID: 29876726 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-018-9790-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to translate and validate the Canadian Readiness for Return To Work instrument (RRTW-CA) into a Danish version (RRTWDK) by testing its test-retest and internal consistency reliability and its structural and construct validity. Cross-cultural adaptation of the six-staged RRTW-CA instrument was performed in a standardised, systematic five-step-procedure; forward translation, panel synthesis of the translation, back translation, consolidation and revision by researchers, and finally pre-testing. This RRTW-DK beta-version was tested for its psychometric properties by intra-class correlation coefficient and standard error of measurement (n = 114), Cronbach's alpha (n = 471), confirmatory factor analyses (n = 373), and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (n = 436) in sickness beneficiaries from a municipal employment agency and hospital wards. The original RRTW-CA stage structure could not be confirmed in the RRTWDK. The psychometric properties were thus inconclusive. The RRTW-DK cannot be recommended for use in the current version as the RRTW construct is questionable. The RRTW construct needs further exploration, preferably in a population that is homogeneous with regard to cause of sickness, disability duration and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Malmose Stapelfeldt
- Section for Clinical Social Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, P.P. Oerums Gade 11, Building 1B, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
- DEFACTUM, Social and Health Services and Labour Market, Central Region Denmark, MarselisborgCentret, P.P. Oerums Gade 11, Building 1B, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Anne-Mette Hedeager Momsen
- Section for Clinical Social Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, P.P. Oerums Gade 11, Building 1B, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
- DEFACTUM, Social and Health Services and Labour Market, Central Region Denmark, MarselisborgCentret, P.P. Oerums Gade 11, Building 1B, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Thomas Lund
- Centre for Social Medicine, Frederiksberg and Bispebjerg Hospital, Nordre Fasanvej 57, 2000, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 2, 8000, Arhus C, Denmark
| | - Therese Koops Grønborg
- Section for Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 2, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Sheilah Hogg-Johnson
- Institute for Work and Health, 481 University Avenue, Suite 800, Toronto, ON, M5G 2E9, Canada
- Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Toronto, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Chris Jensen
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Håkon Jarls gate 11, Øya Helsehus, Trondheim, Norway
- National Advisory Unit on Occupational Rehabilitation, Haddlandsvegen 20, 3864, Rauland, Telemark, Norway
| | - Janne Skakon
- Department of Psychology, Work and Organisational Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2A, 1353, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Merete Labriola
- Section for Clinical Social Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, P.P. Oerums Gade 11, Building 1B, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
- DEFACTUM, Social and Health Services and Labour Market, Central Region Denmark, MarselisborgCentret, P.P. Oerums Gade 11, Building 1B, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
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Robichaud MM, Truchon M, St-Arnaud L, Nastasia I. Insurers’ perspective on barriers and facilitators for return to work after occupational injuries. Work 2019; 63:81-97. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-192910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Maxime Robichaud
- Faculty of Education, Centre de recherche et d’intervention sur l’éducation et la vie au travail (CRIEVAT), Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Manon Truchon
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), Quebec, Canada
| | - Louise St-Arnaud
- Faculty of Education, Centre de recherche et d’intervention sur l’éducation et la vie au travail (CRIEVAT), Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Iuliana Nastasia
- Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail (IRSST), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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49
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Park J, Gross DP, Rayani F, Norris CM, Roberts MR, James C, Guptill C, Esmail S. Model of Human Occupation as a framework for implementation of Motivational Interviewing in occupational rehabilitation. Work 2019; 62:629-641. [PMID: 31104046 DOI: 10.3233/wor-192895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A conceptual framework is needed to understand injured workers' decision-making and inform evidence-based interventions to address behavior change regarding return-to-work (RTW). The Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) can help with understanding how an injured worker's characteristics can generate behavior change while Motivational Interviewing (MI) can help facilitate behavior change. OBJECTIVE This theoretical paper provides an overview of how MOHO and MI can be applied and integrated in occupational rehabilitation. The objectives of this paper are to: (1) evaluate MOHO as a framework for supporting occupational therapists (OTs) in occupational rehabilitation; (2) describe MI as a suitable approach for OTs in occupational rehabilitation; and (3) compare and integrate MOHO and MI. METHOD Several important works and reviews were used to integrate MOHO and MI with occupational rehabilitation. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The identification of a model and approach to support OT practice in occupational rehabilitation can assist OTs to determine the most appropriate interventions and contribute to standards of best practice. CONCLUSIONS Integrating MOHO and MI provides a comprehensive framework for understanding impairment and RTW change processes with the potential to reduce work disability and improve RTW outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Park
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Workers' Compensation Board of Alberta Millard Health, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Douglas P Gross
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Fahreen Rayani
- Workers' Compensation Board of Alberta Millard Health, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Colleen M Norris
- Faculty of Nursing and Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - Carole James
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Christine Guptill
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Shaniff Esmail
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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50
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Measuring Work Related Physical and Mental Health Function: Updating the Work Disability Functional Assessment Battery (WD-FAB) Using Item Response Theory. J Occup Environ Med 2019; 61:219-224. [PMID: 30540653 PMCID: PMC10010117 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To further improve measurement of work-related physical and mental health by updating the Work Disability Assessment Battery (WD-FAB). METHODS Cross-sectional study with 1024 disability claimants and 1000 working age (21 to 66 years) adults in the United States. Developed new items to replenish the WD-FAB and analyzed using factor analysis and item response theory (IRT). Computer adaptive testing (CAT) simulations evaluated the psychometric properties of the original versus updated WD-FAB. RESULTS Analyses confirmed the structure of the WD-FAB. Twenty-three new items were added (basic mobility: 7, upper body function: 4, fine motor: 6, self-regulation: 1, resilience & sociability: 5 items). CONCLUSIONS Findings support the WD-FAB as a robust, psychometrically sound assessment of work-related function. Extensive content coverage (331 items) represents eight physical and mental health domains. IRT/CAT methods allow administration in under 15 minutes. The WD-FAB may prove valuable for efficiently characterizing work-related function across work rehabilitation settings.
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