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Deshayes TA, Hsouna H, Braham MAA, Arvisais D, Pageaux B, Ouellet C, Jay O, Maso FD, Begon M, Saidi A, Gendron P, Gagnon D. Work-rest regimens for work in hot environments: A scoping review. Am J Ind Med 2024; 67:304-320. [PMID: 38345435 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To limit exposures to occupational heat stress, leading occupational health and safety organizations recommend work-rest regimens to prevent core temperature from exceeding 38°C or increasing by ≥1°C. This scoping review aims to map existing knowledge of the effects of work-rest regimens in hot environments and to propose recommendations for future research based on identified gaps. METHODS We performed a search of 10 databases to retrieve studies focused on work-rest regimens under hot conditions. RESULTS Forty-nine articles were included, of which 35 were experimental studies. Most studies were conducted in laboratory settings, in North America (71%), on healthy young adults, with 94% of the 642 participants being males. Most studies (66%) employed a protocol duration ≤240 min (222 ± 162 min, range: 37-660) and the time-weighted average wet-bulb globe temperature was 27 ± 4°C (range: 18-34). The work-rest regimens implemented were those proposed by the American Conference of Governmental and Industrial Hygiene (20%), National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (11%), or the Australian Army (3%). The remaining studies (66%) did not mention how the work-rest regimens were derived. Most studies (89%) focused on physical tasks only. Most studies (94%) reported core temperature, whereas only 22% reported physical and/or mental performance outcomes, respectively. Of the 35 experimental studies included, 77% indicated that core temperature exceeded 38°C. CONCLUSIONS Although work-rest regimens are widely used, few studies have investigated their physiological effectiveness. These studies were mainly short in duration, involved mostly healthy young males, and rarely considered the effect of work-rest regimens beyond heat strain during physical exertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Deshayes
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique (EKSAP), Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Hsen Hsouna
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique (EKSAP), Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mounir A A Braham
- Département des sciences de l'activité physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
- Département d'anatomie, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - Denis Arvisais
- Bibliothèque des sciences de la santé, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Benjamin Pageaux
- École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique (EKSAP), Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l'apprentissage (CIRCA), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Capucine Ouellet
- Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail (IRSST), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ollie Jay
- Heat and Health Research Incubator, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fabien D Maso
- École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique (EKSAP), Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l'apprentissage (CIRCA), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mickael Begon
- École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique (EKSAP), Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alireza Saidi
- Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail (IRSST), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Philippe Gendron
- Département des sciences de l'activité physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - Daniel Gagnon
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique (EKSAP), Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Lecours A, Coutu MF, Durand MJ. Fostering Stay at Work After a Period of Disability: A Scoping Review of Occupational Rehabilitation Strategies to Support Workers in the Adoption of Preventive Behaviours. J Occup Rehabil 2024; 34:56-70. [PMID: 37358726 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-023-10122-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Based on the theoretical framework of the Model of Preventive Behaviours at Work, the aim of this study was to describe the the occupational rehabilitation strategies the literature reports that support workers who have suffered an occupational injury in adopting preventive behaviours. METHODS To conduct this scoping review, we used a systematic methodology in 7 steps : (1) definition of the research question and inclusion/exclusion criteria; (2) scientific and gray literature search; (3) determination of manuscripts' eligibility; (4) extraction and charting of information; (5) quality assessment; (6) interpretation; and (7) knowledge synthesis. RESULTS We selected 46 manuscripts of various types (e.g. randomized trials, qualitative studies, governmental documents). Manuscripts were mainly of good or high quality according to our quality assessment. The strategies for coaching, engaging, educating and collaborating were mostly reported in the literature to support the development of the six preventive behaviours during occupational rehabilitation. The results also suggest that heterogeneity exists regarding the specificity of the strategies reported in the literature, which may have hindered our ability to provide rich and detailed descriptions. Literature also mainly describes individually oriented behaviours and reports strategies requiring a low level of worker involvement, which represent issues to adress in future researh projects. CONCLUSION The strategies described in this article reprensent concrete levers that occupational rehabilitation professionals can use to support workers in the adoption of preventive behaviours at work on return from having suffered an occupational injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Lecours
- Département d'ergothérapie, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 555 Boul de l'Université, Drummondville, Québec, J2C 0R5, Canada.
- Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en réadaptation et intégration sociale, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Marie-France Coutu
- École de réadaptation, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
- Centre d'action en prévention et réadaptation de l'incapacité au travail, Longueuil, Canada
| | - Marie-José Durand
- École de réadaptation, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
- Centre d'action en prévention et réadaptation de l'incapacité au travail, Longueuil, Canada
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Behtani L, Paromov D, Moïn-Darbari K, Houde MS, Bacon BA, Maheu M, Leroux T, Champoux F. Hearing Aid Amplification Improves Postural Control for Older Adults With Hearing Loss When Other Sensory Cues Are Impoverished. Trends Hear 2024; 28:23312165241232219. [PMID: 38356376 PMCID: PMC10868491 DOI: 10.1177/23312165241232219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that sound amplification via hearing aids can improve postural control in adults with hearing impairments. Unfortunately, only a few studies used well-defined posturography measures to assess balance in adults with hearing loss with and without their hearing aids. Of these, only two examined postural control specifically in the elderly with hearing loss. The present study examined the impact of hearing aid use on postural control during various sensory perturbations in older adults with age-related hearing loss. Thirty individuals with age-related hearing impairments and using hearing aids bilaterally were tested. Participants were asked to perform a modified clinical sensory integration in balance test on a force platform with and without hearing aids. The experiment was conducted in the presence of a broadband noise ranging from 0.1 to 4 kHz presented through a loudspeaker. As expected, hearing aid use had a beneficial impact on postural control, but only when visual and somatosensory inputs were both reduced. Data also suggest that hearing aid use decreases the dependence on somatosensory input for maintaining postural control. This finding can be of particular importance in older adults considering the reduction of tactile and proprioceptive sensitivity and acuity often associated with aging. These results provide an additional argument for encouraging early hearing aid fitting for people with hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Behtani
- School of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de L’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - D. Paromov
- School of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de L’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - K. Moïn-Darbari
- School of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - MS Houde
- School of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - BA Bacon
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M. Maheu
- School of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Institut Universitaire Sur la Réadaptation en Déficience Physique de Montréal (IURDPM), Pavillon Laurier, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - T. Leroux
- School of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - F. Champoux
- School of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de L’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
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Adams H, MacDonald JE, Castillo AN, Pavilanis A, Truchon M, Achille M, Côté P, Sullivan MJL. Qualitative Examination of the Experience of Perceived Injustice Following Disabling Occupational Injury. J Occup Rehabil 2023:10.1007/s10926-023-10154-y. [PMID: 37996720 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-023-10154-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The primary objective of this study was to explore individuals' perspectives on the factors, situations or events that contributed to their perceptions of injustice following occupational injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study sample consisted of 30 participants (18 women, 12 men) who had submitted a time-loss claim for a work-related musculoskeletal injury. Participants with elevated scores on a measure of perceived injustice were interviewed about the factors that contributed to their sense of injustice. A thematic analysis was conducted to identify the broad classes of situations or events that participants experienced as unjust in the weeks following occupational injury. RESULTS Three dominant themes emerged from the interviews: (1) Invalidation, (2) Undeserved suffering and (3) Blame. Inductively derived subthemes reflected specific dimensions of post-injury experiences that contributed to participants' sense of injustice. CONCLUSIONS Given that suffering and invalidating communication are potentially modifiable factors, there are grounds for optimism that intervention approaches can be developed to prevent or reduce perceptions of injustice in the aftermath of debilitating injury. The development of intervention approaches that are effective in preventing or reducing perceptions of injustice holds promise of contributing to more positive recovery outcomes in individuals who have sustained debilitating work injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Adams
- School of Social Work, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Judy E MacDonald
- School of Social Work, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael J L Sullivan
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Ave, Montreal, QC, H3A 1G1, Canada.
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Coutu MF, Durand MJ, O'Hagan F, Gosselin P, Nastasia I, Berbiche D, Labrecque MÉ, Pettigrew S, Bordeleau M. Workers' Worries, Pain, Psychosocial Factors, and Margin of Manoeuvre, in Relation to Outcomes in a Return-to-Work Program: An Exploratory Study. J Occup Rehabil 2023:10.1007/s10926-023-10155-x. [PMID: 37996721 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-023-10155-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the intensity and variation of workers' worries, pain, psychosocial factors, and margin of manoeuvre before and after a return-to-work program, and identified the psychosocial factors associated with non-return to work at the end of the rehabilitation program. METHODS A pre-post study design was used. A convenience sample of 80 workers starting a return-to-work program and having a compensated musculoskeletal injury that caused an absence of more than three months from their regular work was recruited. Data were collected at baseline and at the end of the rehabilitation program on the nature of the worries and maintenance factors defined in Dugas' generalized anxiety and worry model, using validated questionnaires. The margin of manoeuvre was assessed by the treating occupational therapist. A series of descriptive analyses were performed, as well as Generalized Estimating Equations analyses. RESULTS Workers' worries were work-related or disability-related 83% of the time at baseline. These worries were essentially based on the situation then occurring at work 90% of the time. For the Generalized Estimating Equations analyses on work status, the final model was significant, explaining 54% of the variance in non-return to work (Pseudo R2 = 0.54; p = 0.0001). Workers were 8.52 times less likely to return to work when the margin of manoeuvre was insufficient, and twice as likely not to return to work in the presence of intense worry. Worries were significantly associated with insufficient margin of manoeuvre. CONCLUSION A strong association between workers' lack of margin of manoeuvre at work and their worries about their return to work, and poor work outcomes, supports the importance of the worker-environment interaction in rehabilitation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-France Coutu
- Centre for Action in Work Disability Prevention and Rehabilitation (CAPRIT), Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada.
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada.
- Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne (CRCLM), Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada.
| | - Marie-José Durand
- Centre for Action in Work Disability Prevention and Rehabilitation (CAPRIT), Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne (CRCLM), Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada
| | - Fergal O'Hagan
- Department of Psychology, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Patrick Gosselin
- Department of Psychology, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Iuliana Nastasia
- Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail (IRSST), 505 Boulevard De Maisonneuve Ouest, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Djamal Berbiche
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne (CRCLM), Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Élise Labrecque
- Centre for Action in Work Disability Prevention and Rehabilitation (CAPRIT), Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne (CRCLM), Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada
| | - Sara Pettigrew
- Centre for Action in Work Disability Prevention and Rehabilitation (CAPRIT), Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne (CRCLM), Université de Sherbrooke - Longueuil Campus, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, Canada
| | - Martine Bordeleau
- Elderly, Neurostimulation and Pain Research Group, Research Centre on Aging, 1036 Rue Belvédère Sud, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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Fellin E, Varin M, Millien V. Risky business: human-related data is lacking from Lyme disease risk models. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1113024. [PMID: 38026346 PMCID: PMC10662633 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1113024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Used as a communicative tool for risk management, risk maps provide a service to the public, conveying information that can raise risk awareness and encourage mitigation. Several studies have utilized risk maps to determine risks associated with the distribution of Borrelia burgdorferi, the causal agent of Lyme disease in North America and Europe, as this zoonotic disease can lead to severe symptoms. This literature review focused on the use of risk maps to model distributions of B. burgdorferi and its vector, the blacklegged tick (Ixodes scapularis), in North America to compare variables used to predict these spatial models. Data were compiled from the existing literature to determine which ecological, environmental, and anthropic (i.e., human focused) variables past research has considered influential to the risk level for Lyme disease. The frequency of these variables was examined and analyzed via a non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis to compare different map elements that may categorize the risk models performed. Environmental variables were found to be the most frequently used in risk spatial models, particularly temperature. It was found that there was a significantly dissimilar distribution of variables used within map elements across studies: Map Type, Map Distributions, and Map Scale. Within these map elements, few anthropic variables were considered, particularly in studies that modeled future risk, despite the objective of these models directly or indirectly focusing on public health intervention. Without including human-related factors considering these variables within risk map models, it is difficult to determine how reliable these risk maps truly are. Future researchers may be persuaded to improve disease risk models by taking this into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Fellin
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Redpath Museum, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mathieu Varin
- Centre d'Enseignement et de Recherche en Foresterie (CERFO), Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Virginie Millien
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Redpath Museum, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Westra S, Goldberg MS, Labrèche F, Baumgartner J, Ho V. The association between the incidence of postmenopausal breast cancer and occupational exposure to selected organic solvents, Montreal, Canada, 2008-2011. Am J Ind Med 2023; 66:911-927. [PMID: 37565624 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer among women and recognized risk factors explain 25%-47% of cases. Organic solvents are used widely in the workplace and exposure may increase the risk of developing breast cancer, yet there are insufficient data to confirm this hypothesis. We sought to determine whether past occupational exposures to selected organic solvents were associated with the incidence of invasive breast cancer in postmenopausal women in Montréal, Canada. METHODS From a population-based case-control study (2008-2011), using in-depth interviews we elicited information on risk factors and lifetime occupational histories. Industrial hygienists and chemists translated job descriptions into specific chemical and physical exposures. We assessed 11 individual solvents and four solvent groups. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for metrics of past exposures to selected solvents. Exposure metrics included any previous exposure, average frequency in hours per week, duration in years, and average cumulative concentration weighted by hours per workweek exposed. RESULTS We enrolled 695 cases and 608 controls. We found increased ORs for average cumulative concentration of exposure to mononuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (OR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.28), chlorinated alkanes (OR: 2.42, 95% CI: 1.23, 5.68), toluene (OR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.59), and a group of organic solvents with reactive metabolites (OR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.08, 2.24). Positive associations were found across all exposure metrics and were higher among women with estrogen-positive/progesterone-negative tumors. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest occupational exposure to certain organic solvents may increase the risk of incident postmenopausal breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Westra
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mark S Goldberg
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - France Labrèche
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health and Centre de recherche en santé publique (CReSP), University of Montréal and CIUSSS Centre-Sud, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jill Baumgartner
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Ethics, Equity and Policy, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Vikki Ho
- Health Innovation and Evaluation Hub Université de Montréal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal School of Public Health (ESPUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Dufour R, Breton É, Morin AJS, Côté SM, Dubois L, Vitaro F, Boivin M, Tremblay RE, Booij L. Childhood hyperactivity, eating behaviours, and executive functions: Their association with the development of eating-disorder symptoms in adolescence. J Eat Disord 2023; 11:183. [PMID: 37833803 PMCID: PMC10571422 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-023-00902-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-sectional studies have shown that hyperactivity and impaired executive functioning are associated with symptoms of eating disorders in adolescence and adulthood. Whether hyperactivity and executive functions in early life can prospectively predict the emergence of eating disorder symptoms in adolescence remains unknown. The present study relies on a longitudinal design to investigate how hyperactivity at age 3, eating behaviours at age 3.5 and cognition at ages 3-6 were associated with the development of eating-disorder symptoms from 12 to 20 years old. METHODS Using archival data collected since 1997 from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development cohort (N = 2, 223), we used Latent Curve Models to analyse predictors of youth's trajectories of eating-disorder symptoms at four timepoints. RESULTS A quadratic (curvilinear) trajectory of eating-disorder symptoms was found to be most representative of the data. Higher hyperactivity at age 3 was associated with higher levels of eating-disorder symptoms at age 12, and this association was partially mediated by higher levels of overeating and cognitive inflexibility in childhood. Cognitive inflexibility in childhood also mediated the association between hyperactivity at age 3 and increases in eating-disorder symptoms during adolescence. Furthermore, working memory was indirectly related to eating-disorder symptoms via the mediational role of cognitive flexibility. CONCLUSIONS Hyperactivity, overeating, cognitive inflexibility, and working memory early in life might precede the onset of eating-disorder symptoms in adolescence. Early behavioural and cognitive screening may help to identify children who are most at risk for eating disorders. This, in turn, could guide preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Dufour
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
- Research centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada
- Eating Disorders Continuum, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal West Island Integrated University Health and Social Service Centre, 6603-05 LaSalle Blvd, Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Édith Breton
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Sylvana M Côté
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada
- School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Lise Dubois
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Frank Vitaro
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada
- School of Psychoeducation, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Michel Boivin
- Department of Psychology, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Richard E Tremblay
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychology and Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Linda Booij
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada.
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
- Research centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada.
- Eating Disorders Continuum, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal West Island Integrated University Health and Social Service Centre, 6603-05 LaSalle Blvd, Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada.
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Pavilanis A, Truchon M, Achille M, Coté P, Sullivan MJ. Perceived Injustice as a Determinant of the Severity of Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms Following Occupational Injury. J Occup Rehabil 2023; 33:134-144. [PMID: 35852696 PMCID: PMC10025196 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-022-10056-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study assessed the role of perceived injustice in the experience and persistence of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) following work-related musculoskeletal injury. METHODS The study sample consisted of 187 individuals who were absent from work as a result of a musculoskeletal injury. Participants completed measures of pain severity, perceived injustice, catastrophic thinking, post-traumatic stress symptoms, and disability on three occasions at three-week intervals. RESULTS Consistent with previous research, correlational analyses revealed significant cross-sectional relations between pain and PTSS, and between perceived injustice and PTSS. Regression analysis on baseline data revealed that perceived injustice contributed significant variance to the prediction of PTSS, beyond the variance accounted for by pain severity and catastrophic thinking. Sequential analyses provided support for a bi-directional relation between perceived injustice and PTSS. Cross-lagged regression analyses showed that early changes in perceived injustice predicted later changes in PTSS and early changes in PTSS predicted later changes in perceived injustice. CONCLUSIONS Possible linkages between perceived injustice and PTSS are discussed. The development of effective intervention techniques for targeting perceptions of injustice might be important for promoting recovery of PTSS consequent to musculoskeletal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonina Pavilanis
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, 2001 McGill College, H3A 1G1, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Michael Jl Sullivan
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, 2001 McGill College, H3A 1G1, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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10
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Goldfeld S, Francis KL, O’Connor E, Ludvigsson J, Faresjö T, Nikiema B, Gauvin L, Yang-Huang J, Abu Awad Y, McGrath JJ, Goldhaber-Fiebert JD, Faresjo Å, Raat H, Kragt L, Mensah FK. Comparative inequalities in child dental caries across four countries: Examination of international birth cohorts and implications for oral health policy. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268899. [PMID: 36044409 PMCID: PMC9432734 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Child dental caries (i.e., cavities) are a major preventable health problem in most high-income countries. The aim of this study was to compare the extent of inequalities in child dental caries across four high-income countries alongside their child oral health policies. Coordinated analyses of data were conducted across four prospective population-based birth cohorts (Australia, n = 4085, born 2004; Québec, Canada, n = 1253, born 1997; Rotterdam, the Netherlands, n = 6690, born 2002; Southeast Sweden, n = 7445, born 1997), which enabled a high degree of harmonization. Risk ratios (adjusted) and slope indexes of inequality were estimated to quantify social gradients in child dental caries according to maternal education and household income. Children in the least advantaged quintile for income were at greater risk of caries, compared to the most advantaged quintile: Australia: AdjRR = 1.18, 95%CI = 1.04–1.34; Québec: AdjRR = 1.69, 95%CI = 1.36–2.10; Rotterdam: AdjRR = 1.67, 95%CI = 1.36–2.04; Southeast Sweden: AdjRR = 1.37, 95%CI = 1.10–1.71). There was a higher risk of caries for children of mothers with the lowest level of education, compared to the highest: Australia: AdjRR = 1.18, 95%CI = 1.01–1.38; Southeast Sweden: AdjRR = 2.31, 95%CI = 1.81–2.96; Rotterdam: AdjRR = 1.98, 95%CI = 1.71–2.30; Québec: AdjRR = 1.16, 95%CI = 0.98–1.37. The extent of inequalities varied in line with jurisdictional policies for provision of child oral health services and preventive public health measures. Clear gradients of social inequalities in child dental caries are evident in high-income countries. Policy related mechanisms may contribute to the differences in the extent of these inequalities. Lesser gradients in settings with combinations of universal dental coverage and/or fluoridation suggest these provisions may ameliorate inequalities through additional benefits for socio-economically disadvantaged groups of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Goldfeld
- Centre for Community Child Health, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Kate L. Francis
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elodie O’Connor
- Centre for Community Child Health, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Johnny Ludvigsson
- Crown Princess Victoria Children´s Hospital and Div of Pediatrics, Dept of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Tomas Faresjö
- Dept of Health, Medicine and Caring Science, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Beatrice Nikiema
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Cree Board of Health and Social Services of James Bay [CBHSSJB], Department of Program Development and Support, Mistissini, Québec, Canada
| | - Lise Gauvin
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
- École de Santé Publique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Junwen Yang-Huang
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yara Abu Awad
- PERFORM Centre & Department of Psychology, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Jeremy D. Goldhaber-Fiebert
- Stanford Health Policy, Centers for Health Policy and Primary Care and Outcomes Research, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Åshild Faresjo
- Dept of Health, Medicine and Caring Science, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Hein Raat
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lea Kragt
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fiona K. Mensah
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Larivière C, Rabhi K, Preuss R, Coutu MF, Roy N, Henry SM. Derivation of clinical prediction rules for identifying patients with non-acute low back pain who respond best to a lumbar stabilization exercise program at post-treatment and six-month follow-up. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265970. [PMID: 35476707 PMCID: PMC9045609 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) remains one of the most common and incapacitating health conditions worldwide. Clinical guidelines recommend exercise programs after the acute phase, but clinical effects are modest when assessed at a population level. Research needs to determine who is likely to benefit from specific exercise interventions, based on clinical presentation. This study aimed to derive clinical prediction rules (CPRs) for treatment success, using a lumbar stabilization exercise program (LSEP), at the end of treatment and at six-month follow-up. The eight-week LSEP, including clinical sessions and home exercises, was completed by 110 participants with non-acute LBP, with 100 retained at the six-month follow-up. Physical (lumbar segmental instability, motor control impairments, posture and range of motion, trunk muscle endurance and physical performance tests) and psychological (related to fear-avoidance and home-exercise adherence) measures were collected at a baseline clinical exam. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to predict clinical success, as defined by ≥50% decrease in the Oswestry Disability Index. CPRs were derived for success at program completion (T8) and six-month follow-up (T34), negotiating between predictive ability and clinical usability. The chosen CPRs contained four (T8) and three (T34) clinical tests, all theoretically related to spinal instability, making these CPRs specific to the treatment provided (LSEP). The chosen CPRs provided a positive likelihood ratio of 17.9 (T8) and 8.2 (T34), when two or more tests were positive. When applying these CPRs, the probability of treatment success rose from 49% to 96% at T8 and from 53% to 92% at T34. These results support the further development of these CPRs by proceeding to the validation stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Larivière
- Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail (IRSST), Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), Institut Universitaire sur la Réadaptation en Déficience Physique de Montréal (IURDPM), Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l’Ile-de-Montréal (CCSMTL), Montréal, Québec, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Khalil Rabhi
- Independent Statistician Consultant, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Richard Preuss
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), Institut Universitaire sur la Réadaptation en Déficience Physique de Montréal (IURDPM), Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l’Ile-de-Montréal (CCSMTL), Montréal, Québec, Canada
- School of Physical & Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-France Coutu
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), Institut Universitaire sur la Réadaptation en Déficience Physique de Montréal (IURDPM), Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l’Ile-de-Montréal (CCSMTL), Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Charles-Le Moyne Hospital Research Centre, Université de Sherbrooke, Longueuil, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicolas Roy
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), Institut Universitaire sur la Réadaptation en Déficience Physique de Montréal (IURDPM), Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l’Ile-de-Montréal (CCSMTL), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sharon M. Henry
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
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Saidi A, Gauvin C, Ladhari S, Nguyen-Tri P. Advanced Functional Materials for Intelligent Thermoregulation in Personal Protective Equipment. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3711. [PMID: 34771268 PMCID: PMC8587695 DOI: 10.3390/polym13213711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The exposure to extreme temperatures in workplaces involves physical hazards for workers. A poorly acclimated worker may have lower performance and vigilance and therefore may be more exposed to accidents and injuries. Due to the incompatibility of the existing standards implemented in some workplaces and the lack of thermoregulation in many types of protective equipment that are commonly fabricated using various types of polymeric materials, thermal stress remains one of the most frequent physical hazards in many work sectors. However, many of these problems can be overcome with the use of smart textile technologies that enable intelligent thermoregulation in personal protective equipment. Being based on conductive and functional polymeric materials, smart textiles can detect many external stimuli and react to them. Interconnected sensors and actuators that interact and react to existing risks can provide the wearer with increased safety, protection, and comfort. Thus, the skills of smart protective equipment can contribute to the reduction of errors and the number and severity of accidents in the workplace and thus promote improved performance, efficiency, and productivity. This review provides an overview and opinions of authors on the current state of knowledge on these types of technologies by reviewing and discussing the state of the art of commercially available systems and the advances made in previous research works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Saidi
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), 3351 Boulevard des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Energy and Environment, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), 3351 Boulevard des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada;
- Institut de Recherche Robert-Sauvé en Santé et en Sécurité du Travail (IRSST), 505 Boulevard de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montréal, QC H3A 3C2, Canada;
| | - Chantal Gauvin
- Institut de Recherche Robert-Sauvé en Santé et en Sécurité du Travail (IRSST), 505 Boulevard de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montréal, QC H3A 3C2, Canada;
| | - Safa Ladhari
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Energy and Environment, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), 3351 Boulevard des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada;
| | - Phuong Nguyen-Tri
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), 3351 Boulevard des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Energy and Environment, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), 3351 Boulevard des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada;
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13
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Dubuis ME, Racine É, Vyskocil JM, Turgeon N, Tremblay C, Mukawera E, Boivin G, Grandvaux N, Duchaine C. Ozone inactivation of airborne influenza and lack of resistance of respiratory syncytial virus to aerosolization and sampling processes. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253022. [PMID: 34252093 PMCID: PMC8274922 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza and RSV are human viruses responsible for outbreaks in hospitals, long-term care facilities and nursing homes. The present study assessed an air treatment using ozone at two relative humidity conditions (RHs) in order to reduce the infectivity of airborne influenza. Bovine pulmonary surfactant (BPS) and synthetic tracheal mucus (STM) were used as aerosols protectants to better reflect the human aerosol composition. Residual ozone concentration inside the aerosol chamber was also measured. RSV's sensitivity resulted in testing its resistance to aerosolization and sampling processes instead of ozone exposure. The results showed that without supplement and with STM, a reduction in influenza A infectivity of four orders of magnitude was obtained with an exposure to 1.70 ± 0.19 ppm of ozone at 76% RH for 80 min. Consequently, ozone could be considered as a virucidal disinfectant for airborne influenza A. RSV did not withstand the aerosolization and sampling processes required for the use of the experimental setup. Therefore, ozone exposure could not be performed for this virus. Nonetheless, this study provides great insight for the efficacy of ozone as an air treatment for the control of nosocomial influenza A outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Eve Dubuis
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec–Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-informatique, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Étienne Racine
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jonathan M. Vyskocil
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec–Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-informatique, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nathalie Turgeon
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec–Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christophe Tremblay
- Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-informatique, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Espérance Mukawera
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Guy Boivin
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec–Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d’Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nathalie Grandvaux
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Caroline Duchaine
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec–Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-informatique, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
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Côté D, Durant S, MacEachen E, Majowicz S, Meyer S, Huynh A, Laberge M, Dubé J. A rapid scoping review of COVID-19 and vulnerable workers: Intersecting occupational and public health issues. Am J Ind Med 2021; 64:551-566. [PMID: 34003502 PMCID: PMC8212119 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This article reports the results of a rapid scoping review of the literature on COVID-19 transmission risk to workers in essential sectors such as retail, health care, manufacturing, and agriculture, and more particularly the experiences of workers in precarious employment and social situations. METHODS Following scoping review methods, we included 30 studies that varied in terms of methodology and theoretical approaches. The search included peer-reviewed articles and grey literature published between March and September 2020. RESULTS Based on the studies reviewed, we found that COVID-19 infection and death rates increased not only with age and comorbidities, but also with discrimination and structural inequities based on racism and sexism. Racial and ethnic minority workers, including migrant workers, are concentrated in high-risk occupations and this concentration is correlated to lower socioeconomic conditions. The COVID-19 pandemic appears in the occupational health and safety spotlight as an exacerbator of already existing socioeconomic inequalities and social inequalities in health, especially in light of the intersection of issues related to racism, ethnic minority status, and sexism. CONCLUSIONS This review provides early evidence about the limitations of institutions' responses to the pandemic, and their capacity to provide a safe and decent working environment for all workers, regardless of their employment status or the social protections they may enjoy under normal circumstances. It is also important to think about these issues in the postpandemic context, when conditions of precariousness and vulnerability persist and possibly worsen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Côté
- Institut de recherche Robert‐Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail (IRSST), MontréalQuébecCanada
- Department of AnthropologyUniversité de Montréal, MontréalQuébecCanada
| | - Steve Durant
- School of Public Health and Health SystemsUniversity of WaterlooOntarioCanada
| | - Ellen MacEachen
- School of Public Health and Health SystemsUniversity of WaterlooOntarioCanada
| | - Shannon Majowicz
- School of Public Health and Health SystemsUniversity of WaterlooOntarioCanada
| | - Samantha Meyer
- School of Public Health and Health SystemsUniversity of WaterlooOntarioCanada
| | - Ai‐Thuy Huynh
- Institut de recherche Robert‐Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail (IRSST), MontréalQuébecCanada
| | - Marie Laberge
- School of RehabilitationUniversité de MontréalQuébecCanada
| | - Jessica Dubé
- Institut de recherche Robert‐Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail (IRSST), MontréalQuébecCanada
- School of ManagementUniversité du Québec à Montréal (UQAM)QuébecCanada
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Coutu MF, Légaré F, Durand MJ, Stacey D, Labrecque ME, Corbière M, Bainbridge L. Acceptability and Feasibility of a Shared Decision-Making Model in Work Rehabilitation: A Mixed-Methods Study of Stakeholders' Perspectives. J Occup Rehabil 2019; 29:128-139. [PMID: 29663111 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-018-9770-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To establish the acceptability and feasibility of implementing a shared decision-making (SDM) model in work rehabilitation. Methods We used a sequential mixed-methods design with diverse stakeholder groups (representatives of private and public employers, insurers, and unions, as well as workers having participated in a work rehabilitation program). First, a survey using a self-administered questionnaire enabled stakeholders to rate their level of agreement with the model's acceptability and feasibility and propose modifications, if necessary. Second, eight focus groups representing key stakeholders (n = 34) and four one-on-one interviews with workers were conducted, based on the questionnaire results. For each stakeholder group, we computed the percentage of agreement with the model's acceptability and feasibility and performed thematic analyses of the transcripts. Results Less than 50% of each stakeholder group initially agreed with the overall acceptability and feasibility of the model. Stakeholders proposed 37 modifications to the objectives, 17 to the activities, and 39 to improve the model's feasibility. Based on in-depth analysis of the transcripts, indicators were added to one objective, an interview guide was added as proposed by insurers to ensure compliance of the SDM process with insurance contract requirements, and one objective was reformulated. Conclusion Despite initially low agreement with the model's acceptability on the survey, subsequent discussions led to three minor changes and contributed to the model's ultimate acceptability and feasibility. Later steps will involve assessing the extent of implementation of the model in real rehabilitation settings to see if other modifications are necessary before assessing its impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-France Coutu
- CAPRIT and School of Rehabilitation, Université de Sherbrooke, Longueuil, QC, Canada.
- Charles-Le Moyne Hospital Research Centre, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Room 200, Longueuil, QC, J4K 0A8, Canada.
| | - France Légaré
- Research Center of Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, St-François d'Assise Hospital, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-José Durand
- CAPRIT and School of Rehabilitation, Université de Sherbrooke, Longueuil, QC, Canada
- Charles-Le Moyne Hospital Research Centre, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Room 200, Longueuil, QC, J4K 0A8, Canada
| | - Dawn Stacey
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Marie-Elise Labrecque
- CAPRIT and School of Rehabilitation, Université de Sherbrooke, Longueuil, QC, Canada
| | - Marc Corbière
- Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Sauvé JF, Lavoué J, Nadon L, Lakhani R, Senhaji Rhazi M, Bourbonnais R, Richard H, Parent MÉ. A hybrid expert approach for retrospective assessment of occupational exposures in a population-based case-control study of cancer. Environ Health 2019; 18:14. [PMID: 30770757 PMCID: PMC6377721 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-019-0451-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the expert-based occupational exposure assessment approach has been considered the reference method for retrospective population-based studies, its implementation in large study samples has become prohibitive. To facilitate its application and improve upon it we developed, in the context of a Montreal population-based study of prostate cancer (PROtEuS), a hybrid approach combining job-exposure profiles (JEPs) summarizing expert evaluations from previous studies and expert review. We aim to describe the hybrid expert method and its impacts on the exposures assigned in PROtEuS compared to those from a previous study coded using the traditional expert method. METHODS Applying the hybrid approach, experts evaluated semi-quantitative levels of confidence, concentration and frequency of exposure to 313 agents for 16,065 jobs held by 4005 subjects in PROtEuS. These assessments were compared to those from a different set of jobs coded in an earlier study of lung cancer, conducted on the same study base, for 90 blue-collar occupations and 203 agents. Endpoints evaluated included differences in the number of exposures and in the distribution of ratings across jobs, and the within-occupation variability in exposure. RESULTS Compared to jobs from the lung cancer study, jobs in PROtEuS had on average 0.3 more exposures. PROtEuS exposures were more often assigned definite confidence ratings, but concentration and frequency levels tended to be lower. The within-occupation variability in ratings assigned to jobs were lower in PROtEuS jobs for all metrics. This was particularly evident for concentration, although considerable variability remained with over 40% of occupation/agent cells in PROtEuS exposed at different levels. The hybrid approach reduced coding time by half, compared to the traditional expert assessment. CONCLUSIONS The new hybrid expert approach improved on efficiency and transparency, and resulted in greater confidence in assessments, compared to the traditional expert method applied in an earlier study involving a similar set of jobs. Assigned ratings were more homogeneous with the hybrid approach, possibly reflecting clearer guidelines for coding, greater coherence between experts and/or reliance on summaries of past assessments. Nevertheless, significant within-occupation variability remained with the hybrid approach, suggesting that experts took into account job-specific factors in their assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Sauvé
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Université de Montréal, School of Public Health, Montréal, Québec Canada
- Centre de recherche du CHUM, Montréal, Québec Canada
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, Quebec H7V 1B7 Canada
| | - Jérôme Lavoué
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Université de Montréal, School of Public Health, Montréal, Québec Canada
- Centre de recherche du CHUM, Montréal, Québec Canada
| | - Louise Nadon
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, Quebec H7V 1B7 Canada
| | - Ramzan Lakhani
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, Quebec H7V 1B7 Canada
| | - Mounia Senhaji Rhazi
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, Quebec H7V 1B7 Canada
| | - Robert Bourbonnais
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, Quebec H7V 1B7 Canada
| | - Hugues Richard
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, Quebec H7V 1B7 Canada
| | - Marie-Élise Parent
- Centre de recherche du CHUM, Montréal, Québec Canada
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, 531 Boul. des Prairies, Laval, Quebec H7V 1B7 Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, School of Public Health, Montréal, Québec Canada
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