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Eissa MMA, Alotibi RS, Alqahtani AS, Aldriwesh MG, Alismail H, Asiri NY, Alabdulkareem YM. Breaking new ground: Exploring de novo chromosomal rearrangements in 1p36 microdeletion. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2024; 18:70-77. [PMID: 38974650 PMCID: PMC11226937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal structural variations (SVs) are linked to a wide range of phenotypes and arise due to disruptions during DNA replication, which can affect gene function within the SV regions. This case report details a patient diagnosed with neurodevelopmental delay. Detailed investigation through array comparative genomic hybridization revealed two pathogenic SVs on chromosome 1, which align with a 1p36 microdeletion, and a microduplication at 2p35.3, the latter being classified as a variant of unknown significance. The patient's clinical presentation is consistent with the 1p36 deletion syndrome, characterized by specific developmental delays and physical anomalies. Further genetic analysis suggests that these terminal rearrangements might stem from an unbalanced translocation between the short arms of chromosomes 1 and 2. This case underscores the complexity of interpreting multiple concurrent SVs and their cumulative effect on phenotype. Ongoing research into such chromosomal abnormalities will enhance our understanding of their clinical manifestations and guide more targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam M. Al Eissa
- Department of Medicne, Medical School, AlFaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Public Health Authority, Public Health Lab, Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raniah S. Alotibi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amerh S. Alqahtani
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwh G. Aldriwesh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan Alismail
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf Y. Asiri
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yara M. Alabdulkareem
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Jacquin C, Landais E, Poirsier C, Afenjar A, Akhavi A, Bednarek N, Bénech C, Bonnard A, Bosquet D, Burglen L, Callier P, Chantot-Bastaraud S, Coubes C, Coutton C, Delobel B, Descharmes M, Dupont JM, Gatinois V, Gruchy N, Guterman S, Heddar A, Herissant L, Heron D, Isidor B, Jaeger P, Jouret G, Keren B, Kuentz P, Le Caignec C, Levy J, Lopez N, Manssens Z, Martin-Coignard D, Marey I, Mignot C, Missirian C, Pebrel-Richard C, Pinson L, Puechberty J, Redon S, Sanlaville D, Spodenkiewicz M, Tabet AC, Verloes A, Vieville G, Yardin C, Vialard F, Doco-Fenzy M. 1p36 deletion syndrome: Review and mapping with further characterization of the phenotype, a new cohort of 86 patients. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:445-458. [PMID: 36369750 PMCID: PMC10100125 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Chromosome 1p36 deletion syndrome (1p36DS) is one of the most common terminal deletion syndromes (incidence between 1/5000 and 1/10,000 live births in the American population), due to a heterozygous deletion of part of the short arm of chromosome 1. The 1p36DS is characterized by typical craniofacial features, developmental delay/intellectual disability, hypotonia, epilepsy, cardiomyopathy/congenital heart defect, brain abnormalities, hearing loss, eyes/vision problem, and short stature. The aim of our study was to (1) evaluate the incidence of the 1p36DS in the French population compared to 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and trisomy 21; (2) review the postnatal phenotype related to microarray data, compared to previously publish prenatal data. Thanks to a collaboration with the ACLF (Association des Cytogénéticiens de Langue Française), we have collected data of 86 patients constituting, to the best of our knowledge, the second-largest cohort of 1p36DS patients in the literature. We estimated an average of at least 10 cases per year in France. 1p36DS seems to be much less frequent than 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and trisomy 21. Patients presented mainly dysmorphism, microcephaly, developmental delay/intellectual disability, hypotonia, epilepsy, brain malformations, behavioral disorders, cardiomyopathy, or cardiovascular malformations and, pre and/or postnatal growth retardation. Cardiac abnormalities, brain malformations, and epilepsy were more frequent in distal deletions, whereas microcephaly was more common in proximal deletions. Mapping and genotype-phenotype correlation allowed us to identify four critical regions responsible for intellectual disability. This study highlights some phenotypic variability, according to the deletion position, and helps to refine the phenotype of 1p36DS, allowing improved management and follow-up of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Jacquin
- Service de Génétique, CRMR AnDDI-Rares, CHU Reims, Reims, France
| | - Emilie Landais
- Service de Génétique, CRMR AnDDI-Rares, CHU Reims, Reims, France
| | - Céline Poirsier
- Service de Génétique, CRMR AnDDI-Rares, CHU Reims, Reims, France
| | - Alexandra Afenjar
- Centre de Référence des Malformations et Maladies Congénitales du Cervelet, Département de Génétique et Embryologie Médicale, APHP, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Ahmad Akhavi
- Cardiologie pédiatrique et congénitale, CHU Reims, Reims, France
| | - Nathalie Bednarek
- Service de pédiatrie, Pôle Femme Parents Enfants, CHU Reims, Reims, France.,CReSTIC/EA 3804, URCA, Reims, France
| | - Caroline Bénech
- University of Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, France
| | - Adeline Bonnard
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Damien Bosquet
- Service de Génétique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Lydie Burglen
- Centre de Référence des Malformations et Maladies Congénitales du Cervelet, Département de Génétique et Embryologie Médicale, APHP, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France
| | | | - Sandra Chantot-Bastaraud
- AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Département de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Christine Coubes
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Génétique clinique, CHU Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Centre de référence anomalies du développement SOOR, Montpellier, France
| | - Charles Coutton
- Département de Génétique et Procréation, Hôpital Couple Enfant, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Genetic Epigenetic and Therapies of Infertility team, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Bruno Delobel
- Centre de Génétique Chromosomique, GH de l'Institut Catholique de Lille-Hopital Saint Vincent de Paul, Lille, France
| | - Margaux Descharmes
- Service de pédiatrie, Pôle Femme Parents Enfants, CHU Reims, Reims, France
| | - Jean-Michel Dupont
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique Constitutionnelle, APHP. Centre-Université Paris Cité site Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Gatinois
- Plateforme ChromoStem, Unité de génétique chromosomique, Département de génétique moléculaire et cytogénomique, CHU de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Gruchy
- Service de Génétique, CHU Caen, Université Caen Normandie, Caen, France
| | - Sarah Guterman
- Département de Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal Poissy-St-Germain-en-Laye, Poissy, France
| | - Abdelkader Heddar
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique Constitutionnelle, APHP. Centre-Université Paris Cité site Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Lucas Herissant
- Service de Génétique, CRMR AnDDI-Rares, CHU Reims, Reims, France
| | - Delphine Heron
- AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Département de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France.,Département de Génétique; Centre de Référence Déficience Intellectuelle de Causes Rares, APHP Sorbonne Université, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Isidor
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Pauline Jaeger
- Service de Génétique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Guillaume Jouret
- National Center of Genetics, Laboratoire National de Santé, Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Boris Keren
- Département de Génétique; Centre de Référence Déficience Intellectuelle de Causes Rares, APHP Sorbonne Université, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Paul Kuentz
- Oncobiologie Génétique Bioinformatique, CHU de Besançon, Besançon, France
| | | | - Jonathan Levy
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Lopez
- Service de neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien, Paris, France
| | - Zoe Manssens
- Centre de Génétique Chromosomique, GH de l'Institut Catholique de Lille-Hopital Saint Vincent de Paul, Lille, France
| | | | - Isabelle Marey
- Département de Génétique et Procréation, Hôpital Couple Enfant, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Cyril Mignot
- AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Département de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris, France.,Département de Génétique; Centre de Référence Déficience Intellectuelle de Causes Rares, APHP Sorbonne Université, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Chantal Missirian
- Laboratoire de Génétique Chromosomique, Département de Génétique Médicale, AP- HM, Marseille, France
| | - Céline Pebrel-Richard
- Service de Cytogénétique Médicale, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lucile Pinson
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Génétique clinique, CHU Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Centre de référence anomalies du développement SOOR, Montpellier, France
| | - Jacques Puechberty
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Génétique clinique, CHU Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Centre de référence anomalies du développement SOOR, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvia Redon
- University of Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, France.,Service de Génétique Médicale et Biologie de la Reproduction, CHU de Brest, Brest, France
| | | | | | | | - Alain Verloes
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Gaelle Vieville
- Département de Génétique et Procréation, Hôpital Couple Enfant, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Catherine Yardin
- Department of Cytogenetics and clinical genetics, Limoges University Hospital, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - François Vialard
- Département de Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal Poissy-St-Germain-en-Laye, Poissy, France.,RHuMA, UMR BREED, INRAE-UVSQ-ENVA, Montigny-le-bretonneux, France
| | - Martine Doco-Fenzy
- Service de Génétique, CRMR AnDDI-Rares, CHU Reims, Reims, France.,Service de génétique médicale, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France.,L'institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
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3
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Greco E, Yakovlev P, Kornilov N, Vyatkina S, Bogdanova D, Ermakova M, Tarasova Y, Tikhonov A, Pendina A, Biricik A, Sessa MT, Listorti I, Ronsini C, Greco PF, Victor A, Barnes F, Zouves C, Spinella F, Viotti M. Two clinical case reports of embryonic mosaicism identified with PGT-A persisting during pregnancy as true fetal mosaicism. Hum Reprod 2023; 38:315-323. [PMID: 36610460 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The health risks associated with transferring embryos classified as mosaic by preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (PGT-A) are currently unknown. Such embryos produce PGT-A results indicating the presence of both euploid and aneuploid cells and have historically been deselected from transfer and grouped with uniformly aneuploid embryos as 'abnormal'. In recent years, numerous groups have reported the intentional transfer of mosaic embryos in the absence of uniformly euploid embryos, largely observing births of seemingly healthy babies. However, it remains to be understood whether the embryonic mosaicism invariably becomes resolved during the ensuing pregnancy, or whether the placenta and/or fetal tissues retain aneuploid cells, and if so to what potential clinical effect. Here, we report two cases of mosaicism persisting from the embryonic stage to the established pregnancy. Case 1 involved an embryonic low-level segmental mosaic loss in Chromosome (Chr) 1, which was confirmed in amniocentesis as well as in brain tissue of the products of conception. This pregnancy was terminated due to the chromosomal pathologies associated with 1p36 deletion syndrome, such as severe intellectual disability. Case 2 involved a low-level mosaic Chr 21 trisomy, which was confirmed with chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis. The ensuing pregnancy was terminated after ultrasound identification of severe abnormalities in the placenta and fetus. Together, these two cases should be taken into account for risk-benefit assessments of prospective mosaic embryo transfers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ermanno Greco
- Villa Mafalda, Centre For Reproductive Medicine, Rome, Italy.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UniCamillus International University, Rome, Italy
| | - Pavel Yakovlev
- Next Generation Clinic, Centre For Reproductive Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay Kornilov
- Next Generation Clinic, Centre For Reproductive Medicine, Moscow, Russia.,Next Generation Clinic, Centre For Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Svetlana Vyatkina
- Next Generation Clinic, Centre For Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Daria Bogdanova
- Next Generation Clinic, Centre For Reproductive Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Ermakova
- Medical Genetic Center of the Group of companies "Mother and Child", Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia Tarasova
- Medical Genetic Center of the Group of companies "Mother and Child", Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrei Tikhonov
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna Pendina
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anil Biricik
- Eurofins Genoma Group, Molecular Genetics Laboratories, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Ilaria Listorti
- Villa Mafalda, Centre For Reproductive Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Ronsini
- Dipartimento della Donna, del Bambino e di Chirurgia Generale e Specialistica, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Manuel Viotti
- Zouves Fertility Center, Foster City, CA, USA.,Zouves Foundation for Reproductive Medicine, Foster City, CA, USA
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4
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Prenatal Diagnosis by Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization in Fetuses with Cardiac Abnormalities. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12122021. [PMID: 34946970 PMCID: PMC8701951 DOI: 10.3390/genes12122021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart defects (CHDs) appear in 8–10 out of 1000 live born newborns and are one of the most common causes of deaths. In fetuses, the congenital heart defects are found even 3–5 times more often. Currently, microarray comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) is recommended by worldwide scientific organizations as a first-line test in the prenatal diagnosis of fetuses with sonographic abnormalities, especially cardiac defects. We present the results of the application of array CGH in 484 cases with prenatally diagnosed congenital heart diseases by fetal ultrasound scanning (256 isolated CHD and 228 CHD coexisting with other malformations). We identified pathogenic aberrations and likely pathogenic genetic loci for CHD in 165 fetuses and 9 copy number variants (CNVs) of unknown clinical significance. Prenatal array-CGH is a useful method allowing the identification of all unbalanced aberrations (number and structure) with a much higher resolution than the currently applied traditional assessment techniques karyotype. Due to this ability, we identified the etiology of heart defects in 37% of cases.
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5
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Briegel W. Psychiatric Comorbidities in 1p36 Deletion Syndrome and Their Treatment-A Case Report. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182212064. [PMID: 34831818 PMCID: PMC8619815 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182212064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
1p36 deletion syndrome represents the most common terminal deletion observed in humans. Major clinical findings comprise developmental delay/intellectual disability, poor or absent expressive language, congenital central muscular hypotonia, brain anomalies, brachydactyly/camptodactyly, short feet, and characteristic facial features like straight eyebrows, deep-set eyes, and midface hypoplasia. So far, there is very limited knowledge about comorbid psychiatric disorders and their effective treatment in this special population. To fill this gap, this case report presents an initially four-year-old girl with 1p36.33-1p36.32 deletion, moderate intellectual disability, insomnia, oppositional-defiant disorder and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder covering a period of time of about 1.5 years comprising initial psychological/psychiatric assessment, subsequent day clinic/outpatient treatment (amongst others including off-label use of melatonin and methylphenidate as well as parent-child interaction therapy) and follow-up assessment. Follow-up results indicated good efficacy of melatonin and methylphenidate medication without any adverse effects. Multidisciplinarity in diagnosis and treatment are mandatory to meet needs of patients with complex genetic disorders like 1p36 deletion syndrome. Off-label use of melatonin (for insomnia) and methylphenidate (for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder) should be considered in young children with 1p36 deletion syndrome if behavioral interventions are not sufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Briegel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Leopoldina Hospital, 97422 Schweinfurt, Germany; ; Tel.: +49-9721-720-3370
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
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Molecular characterization of a 1p36 chromosomal duplication and in utero interference define ENO1 as a candidate gene for polymicrogyria. Eur J Hum Genet 2020; 28:1703-1713. [PMID: 32488097 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-020-0659-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
While chromosome 1p36 deletion syndrome is one of the most common terminal subtelomeric microdeletion syndrome, 1p36 microduplications are rare events. Polymicrogyria (PMG) is a brain malformation phenotype frequently present in patients with 1p36 monosomy. The gene whose haploinsufficiency could cause this phenotype remains to be identified. We used high-resolution arrayCGH in patients with various forms of PMG in order to identify chromosomal variants associated to the malformation and characterized the genes included in these regions in vitro and in vivo. We identified the smallest case of 1p36 duplication reported to date in a patient presenting intellectual disability, microcephaly, epilepsy, and perisylvian polymicrogyria. The duplicated segment is intrachromosomal, duplicated in mirror and contains two genes: enolase 1 (ENO1) and RERE, both disrupted by the rearrangement. Gene expression analysis performed using the patient cells revealed a reduced expression, mimicking haploinsufficiency. We performed in situ hybridization to describe the developmental expression profile of the two genes in mouse development. In addition, we used in utero electroporation of shRNAs to show that Eno1 inactivation in the rat causes a brain development defect. These experiments allowed us to define the ENO1 gene as the most likely candidate to contribute to the brain malformation phenotype of the studied patient and consequently a candidate to contribute to the malformations of the cerebral cortex observed in patients with 1p36 monosomy.
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7
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Nistico' D, Guidolin F, Navarra CO, Bobbo M, Magnolato A, D'Adamo AP, Giorgio E, Pivetta B, Barbi E, Gasparini P, Cadenaro M, Sirchia F. Dental anomalies as a possible clue of 1p36 deletion syndrome due to germline mosaicism: a case report. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:201. [PMID: 32386509 PMCID: PMC7210666 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02049-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Monosomy 1p36 is the most common terminal deletion syndrome with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. This syndrome is defined by an extremely wide spectrum of characteristics; however, developmental delay and intellectual disability of various degree are present in all patients and about the 90% of patients have a severe intellectual disability. Dental agenesis or other dental anomalies have not been described in previous reports. Case presentation We report the case of two little sisters born from healthy and non-consanguineous parents, presenting with dental anomalies and one of them with epilepsy, dilated cardiomyopathy with left-ventricular non-compaction, strabismus, history of poor growth, hypotonia and mild language delay. Patients were evaluated in several departments (genetic, child neuropsychiatric, cardiology, odontostomatology, ophthalmology, otorhinolaryngology) of Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy. They underwent investigations such as electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, dental orthopantomography X-Ray and Computed Tomography, electroencephalograms, abdomen ultrasound, blood tests, IQ tests, genetic analysis. They both have an Intelligence Quotient greater than 70 and a negative neurologic exam. Each sister carries the same 1p36 deletion of about 2.3 Mb. Genetic analysis of the parents’ blood samples (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism- array, karyotype and Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization) did not reveal any deletion, translocation or inversion and confirmed the paternity. A third sib of the probands does not carry the 1p36 deletion or other quantitative alterations. Conclusion This report describes a new trait linked to monosomy 1p36, namely a mild intellectual outcome associated with significant dental anomalies. Our finding suggests that 1p36 deletion syndrome may present with a mild cognitive impairment or even with a normal intellectual development: this is very important for the genetic counselling, especially in a prenatal setting. Moreover, we report the third study with recurrent 1p36 deletion syndrome in two siblings, likely due to germline mosaicism. Finally, we believe that the dental anomalies should be investigated in 1p36 deletion syndrome and that the spectrum of the condition could be broader than we assume.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - C O Navarra
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Bobbo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - A Magnolato
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - A P D'Adamo
- University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - E Giorgio
- Department Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - B Pivetta
- Division of Medical Genetics, AAS n.5 Friuli Occidentale, Pordenone, Italy
| | - E Barbi
- University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - P Gasparini
- University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Cadenaro
- University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - F Sirchia
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
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8
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Delplancq G, Tarris G, Vitobello A, Nambot S, Sorlin A, Philippe C, Carmignac V, Duffourd Y, Denis C, Eicher JC, Chevarin M, Millat G, Khallouk B, Rousseau T, Falcon-Eicher S, Vasiljevic A, Harizay FT, Thauvin-Robinet C, Faivre L, Kuentz P. Cardiomyopathy due to PRDM16 mutation: First description of a fetal presentation, with possible modifier genes. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 184:129-135. [PMID: 31965688 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PRDM16 (positive regulatory domain 16) is localized in the critical region for cardiomyopathy in patients with deletions of chromosome 1p36, as defined by Gajecka et al., American Journal of Medical Genetics, 2010, 152A, 3074-3083, and encodes a zinc finger transcription factor. We present the first fetal case of left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) with a PRDM16 variant. The third-trimester obstetric ultrasound revealed a hydropic fetus with hydramnios and expanded hypokinetic heart. After termination of pregnancy, foetopathology showed a eutrophic fetus with isolated cardiomegaly. Endocardial fibroelastosis was associated with non-compaction of the myocardium of the left ventricle. Exome sequencing (ES) identified a de novo unreported p.(Gln353*) heterozygous nonsense variant in PRDM16. ES also identified two rare variants of unknown significance, according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines, in the titin gene (TTN): a de novo missense p.(Lys14773Asn) variant and a c.33043+5A>G variant inherited from the mother. Along with the PRDM16 de novo probably pathogenic variant, TTN VOUS variants could possibly contribute to the severity and early onset of the cardiac phenotype. Because of the genetic heterogeneity of cardiomyopathies, large panels or even ES could be considered as the main approaches for the molecular diagnosis, particularly in fetal presentations, where multiple hits seem to be common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffroy Delplancq
- Laboratoire de Génétique chromosomique et moléculaire, UF Innovation en diagnostic génomique des maladies rares, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, Dijon, France
| | | | - Antonio Vitobello
- Laboratoire de Génétique chromosomique et moléculaire, UF Innovation en diagnostic génomique des maladies rares, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, Dijon, France.,Équipe GAD (Génétique des Anomalies du Développement), UMR INSERM 1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Sophie Nambot
- Équipe GAD (Génétique des Anomalies du Développement), UMR INSERM 1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Maladies Rares 'Anomalies du Développement' de l'Interrégion Est, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU, Dijon, France
| | - Arthur Sorlin
- Laboratoire de Génétique chromosomique et moléculaire, UF Innovation en diagnostic génomique des maladies rares, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, Dijon, France.,Équipe GAD (Génétique des Anomalies du Développement), UMR INSERM 1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Christophe Philippe
- Laboratoire de Génétique chromosomique et moléculaire, UF Innovation en diagnostic génomique des maladies rares, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, Dijon, France.,Équipe GAD (Génétique des Anomalies du Développement), UMR INSERM 1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Médecine Translationnelle et Anomalies du Développement (FHU TRANSLAD), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon et Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Virginie Carmignac
- Équipe GAD (Génétique des Anomalies du Développement), UMR INSERM 1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Centre de référence MAGEC (Maladies génétiques à expression cutanée), CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Yannis Duffourd
- Équipe GAD (Génétique des Anomalies du Développement), UMR INSERM 1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Médecine Translationnelle et Anomalies du Développement (FHU TRANSLAD), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon et Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Charlotte Denis
- Département de Cardiologie Pédiatrique, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | | | - Martin Chevarin
- Laboratoire de Génétique chromosomique et moléculaire, UF Innovation en diagnostic génomique des maladies rares, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, Dijon, France.,Équipe GAD (Génétique des Anomalies du Développement), UMR INSERM 1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Gilles Millat
- Laboratoire Cardiogénétique, Centre de Biologie et Pathologie Est, CHU de Lyon HCL - GH Est, Lyon, France
| | - Bouchra Khallouk
- Département de Gynécologie Obstétrique, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Thierry Rousseau
- Département de Gynécologie Obstétrique, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | | | - Alexandre Vasiljevic
- Institut de Pathologie Multi-sites des HCL/Centre de Pathologie et Fœtopathologie Est, CHU Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | - Christel Thauvin-Robinet
- Laboratoire de Génétique chromosomique et moléculaire, UF Innovation en diagnostic génomique des maladies rares, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, Dijon, France.,Équipe GAD (Génétique des Anomalies du Développement), UMR INSERM 1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Maladies Rares 'Anomalies du Développement' de l'Interrégion Est, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU, Dijon, France.,Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Médecine Translationnelle et Anomalies du Développement (FHU TRANSLAD), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon et Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Équipe GAD (Génétique des Anomalies du Développement), UMR INSERM 1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Maladies Rares 'Anomalies du Développement' de l'Interrégion Est, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU, Dijon, France.,Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Médecine Translationnelle et Anomalies du Développement (FHU TRANSLAD), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon et Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Paul Kuentz
- Équipe GAD (Génétique des Anomalies du Développement), UMR INSERM 1231, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Médecine Translationnelle et Anomalies du Développement (FHU TRANSLAD), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon et Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France.,Génétique biologique, PCBio, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
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9
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Murakoshi M, Takasawa K, Nishioka M, Asakawa M, Kashimada K, Yoshimoto T, Yamamoto T, Takekoshi K, Ogawa Y, Shimohira M. Abdominal paraganglioma in a young woman with 1p36 deletion syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 173:495-500. [PMID: 27774766 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
1p36 deletion syndrome is the most common terminal deletion syndrome, and the genomic regions that contribute to specific 1p36 deletion syndrome-related phenotypes were recently identified. Deletions in the 1p36 region have been documented in various tumor tissues, which indicates correlation between loss of heterozygosity of 1p36 and tumor development, and the existence of tumor suppressors in this region. Therefore, it was suspected that patients with 1p36 deletion syndrome have a higher risk of tumor development; however, only a few child cases of neuroblastoma with 1p36 deletion syndrome have been reported. We report the first case of 1p36 deletion syndrome with paraganglioma (PGL) and include genetic investigation. The 24-year-old woman with 1p36 deletion syndrome had severe intellectual disability, dilated cardiomyopathy, and distinct dysmorphic features, and presented with persistent vomiting accompanied by hypertension (178/115 mmHg). Abdominal CT revealed a 40 × 50 mm retroperitoneal mass and substantial elevations of plasma and urine norepinephrine (15.4 nmol/L and 1022 µmol/mol creatinine, respectively); abnormal uptake of 123 I-MIBG in the tumor led to PGL diagnosis. The patient was not able to have surgery because of substantial surgical risks; however, a combination of α- and β-blockade was effective for blood pressure control. Array CGH revealed a deletion over 4.5 Mb, from the 1p telomere but excluding the SDHB region. Comprehensive mutational analysis of PGL-associated genes (RET, VHL, TMEM127, MAX, and SDHA/B/C/D) was negative. These results indicate that the germline 1p36 deletion might be "1st hit" of tumor development, and PGL might be a novel complication of 1p36 deletion syndrome. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Murakoshi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kawaguchi Municipal Medical Center, Kawaguchi, Japan
| | - Kei Takasawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Kawaguchi Municipal Medical Center, Kawaguchi, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Nishioka
- Department of Pediatrics, Kawaguchi Municipal Medical Center, Kawaguchi, Japan
| | - Masahiro Asakawa
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kashimada
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanobu Yoshimoto
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Yamamoto
- Tokyo Women's Medical University Institute for Integrated Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Takekoshi
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Sports Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ogawa
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shimohira
- Department of Pediatrics, Kawaguchi Municipal Medical Center, Kawaguchi, Japan
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10
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Unrevealed mosaicism in the next-generation sequencing era. Mol Genet Genomics 2015; 291:513-30. [PMID: 26481646 PMCID: PMC4819561 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-015-1130-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mosaicism refers to the presence in an individual of normal and abnormal cells that are genotypically distinct and are derived from a single zygote. The incidence of mosaicism events in the human body is underestimated as the genotypes in the mosaic ratio, especially in the low-grade mosaicism, stay unrevealed. This review summarizes various research outcomes and diagnostic questions in relation to different types of mosaicism. The impact of both tested biological material and applied method on the mosaicism detection rate is especially highlighted. As next-generation sequencing technologies constitute a promising methodological solution in mosaicism detection in the coming years, revisions in current diagnostic protocols are necessary to increase the detection rate of the unrevealed mosaicism events. Since mosaicism identification is a complex process, numerous examples of multistep mosaicism investigations are presented and discussed.
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11
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Abstract
Deletions of chromosome 1p36 affect approximately 1 in 5,000 newborns and are the most common terminal deletions in humans. Medical problems commonly caused by terminal deletions of 1p36 include developmental delay, intellectual disability, seizures, vision problems, hearing loss, short stature, distinctive facial features, brain anomalies, orofacial clefting, congenital heart defects, cardiomyopathy, and renal anomalies. Although 1p36 deletion syndrome is considered clinically recognizable, there is significant phenotypic variation among affected individuals. This variation is due, at least in part, to the genetic heterogeneity seen in 1p36 deletions which include terminal and interstitial deletions of varying lengths located throughout the 30 Mb of DNA that comprise chromosome 1p36. Array-based copy number variant analysis can easily identify genomic regions of 1p36 that are deleted in an affected individual. However, predicting the phenotype of an individual based solely on the location and extent of their 1p36 deletion remains a challenge since most of the genes that contribute to 1p36-related phenotypes have yet to be identified. In addition, haploinsufficiency of more than one gene may contribute to some phenotypes. In this article, we review recent successes in the effort to map and identify the genes and genomic regions that contribute to specific 1p36-related phenotypes. In particular, we highlight evidence implicating MMP23B, GABRD, SKI, PRDM16, KCNAB2, RERE, UBE4B, CASZ1, PDPN, SPEN, ECE1, HSPG2, and LUZP1 in various 1p36 deletion phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie K Jordan
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hitisha P Zaveri
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daryl A Scott
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA ; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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12
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Shimada S, Shimojima K, Okamoto N, Sangu N, Hirasawa K, Matsuo M, Ikeuchi M, Shimakawa S, Shimizu K, Mizuno S, Kubota M, Adachi M, Saito Y, Tomiwa K, Haginoya K, Numabe H, Kako Y, Hayashi A, Sakamoto H, Hiraki Y, Minami K, Takemoto K, Watanabe K, Miura K, Chiyonobu T, Kumada T, Imai K, Maegaki Y, Nagata S, Kosaki K, Izumi T, Nagai T, Yamamoto T. Microarray analysis of 50 patients reveals the critical chromosomal regions responsible for 1p36 deletion syndrome-related complications. Brain Dev 2015; 37:515-26. [PMID: 25172301 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Monosomy 1p36 syndrome is the most commonly observed subtelomeric deletion syndrome. Patients with this syndrome typically have common clinical features, such as intellectual disability, epilepsy, and characteristic craniofacial features. METHOD In cooperation with academic societies, we analyzed the genomic copy number aberrations using chromosomal microarray testing. Finally, the genotype-phenotype correlation among them was examined. RESULTS We obtained clinical information of 86 patients who had been diagnosed with chromosomal deletions in the 1p36 region. Among them, blood samples were obtained from 50 patients (15 males and 35 females). The precise deletion regions were successfully genotyped. There were variable deletion patterns: pure terminal deletions in 38 patients (76%), including three cases of mosaicism; unbalanced translocations in seven (14%); and interstitial deletions in five (10%). Craniofacial/skeletal features, neurodevelopmental impairments, and cardiac anomalies were commonly observed in patients, with correlation to deletion sizes. CONCLUSION The genotype-phenotype correlation analysis narrowed the region responsible for distinctive craniofacial features and intellectual disability into 1.8-2.1 and 1.8-2.2 Mb region, respectively. Patients with deletions larger than 6.2 Mb showed no ambulation, indicating that severe neurodevelopmental prognosis may be modified by haploinsufficiencies of KCNAB2 and CHD5, located at 6.2 Mb away from the telomere. Although the genotype-phenotype correlation for the cardiac abnormalities is unclear, PRDM16, PRKCZ, and RERE may be related to this complication. Our study also revealed that female patients who acquired ambulatory ability were likely to be at risk for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shino Shimada
- Tokyo Women's Medical University Institute for Integrated Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Shimojima
- Tokyo Women's Medical University Institute for Integrated Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Okamoto
- Department of Medical Genetics, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Izumi, Japan
| | - Noriko Sangu
- Tokyo Women's Medical University Institute for Integrated Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Hirasawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mari Matsuo
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayo Ikeuchi
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Neurology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | | | - Kenji Shimizu
- Division of Medical Genetics, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Seiji Mizuno
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital, Aichi Human Service Center, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Masaya Kubota
- Division of Neurology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masao Adachi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kakogawa Hospital Organization, Kakogawa West-City Hospital, Kakogawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Saito
- Department of Child Neurology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Tomiwa
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Center for Children, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Haginoya
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Takuto Rehabilitation Center for Children, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hironao Numabe
- Department of Genetic Counseling, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Kako
- Department of Pediatrics, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ai Hayashi
- Department of Neonatology, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Haruko Sakamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoko Hiraki
- Hiroshima Municipal Center for Child Health and Development, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Koichi Minami
- Department of Pediatrics, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | | | - Kyoko Watanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Kokura Medical Center, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Kiyokuni Miura
- Developmental Disability Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Chiyonobu
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kumada
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiga Medical Center for Children, Moriyama, Japan
| | - Katsumi Imai
- National Epilepsy Center, Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorders, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Maegaki
- Division of Child Neurology, Tottori University School of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - Satoru Nagata
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kosaki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Izumi
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Neurology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Toshiro Nagai
- Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Yamamoto
- Tokyo Women's Medical University Institute for Integrated Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
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13
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Midro AT, Panasiuk B, Stasiewicz-Jarocka B, Olszewska M, Wiland E, Myśliwiec M, Kurpisz M, Shaffer LG, Gajecka M. Recurrence risks for different pregnancy outcomes and meiotic segregation analysis of spermatozoa in carriers of t(1;11)(p36.22;q12.2). J Hum Genet 2014; 59:667-74. [PMID: 25319850 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2014.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Cumulative data obtained from two relatively large pedigrees of a unique reciprocal chromosomal translocation (RCT) t(1;11)(p36.22;q12.2) ascertained by three miscarriages (pedigree 1) and the birth of newborn with hydrocephalus and myelomeningocele (pedigree 2) were used to estimate recurrence risks for different pregnancy outcomes. Submicroscopic molecular characterization by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) of RCT break points in representative carriers showed similar rearrangements in both families. Meiotic segregation patterns after sperm analysis by three-color FISH of one male carrier showed all possible outcomes resulting from 2:2 and 3:1 segregations. On the basis of empirical survival data, we suggest that only one form of chromosome imbalance resulting in monosomy 1p36.22→pter with trisomy 11q12.2→qter may be observed in progeny at birth. Segregation analysis of these pedigrees was performed by the indirect method of Stengel-Rutkowski and showed that probability rate for malformed child at birth due to an unbalanced karyotype was 3/48 (6.2±3.5%) after ascertainment correction. The risk for stillbirths/early neonatal deaths was -/48 (<1.1%) and for miscarriages was 17/48 (35.4±6.9%). However, the probability rate for children with a normal phenotype at birth was 28/48 (58.3±7.1%). The results obtained from this study may be used to determine the risks for the various pregnancy outcomes for carriers of t(1;11)(p36.22;q12.2) and can be used for genetic counseling of carriers of this rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Teresa Midro
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Barbara Panasiuk
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Marta Olszewska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Wiland
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marta Myśliwiec
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Maciej Kurpisz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Lisa G Shaffer
- Paw Print Genetics, Genetic Veterinary Sciences, Inc., Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Marzena Gajecka
- 1] Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland [2] Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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14
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Di Donato N, Klink B, Hahn G, Schrock E, Hackmann K. Interstitial deletion 1p36.32 in two brothers with a distinct phenotype--overgrowth, macrocephaly and nearly normal intellectual function. Eur J Med Genet 2014; 57:494-7. [PMID: 24862882 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We report on two adult patients, who both presented with overgrowth and one of them additionally with macrocephaly while carrying an 1p36 microdeletion of about 2.1 Mb. They are full brothers born to unaffected parents. Although both brothers attended special schools, they lived independently without a legal guardian and were able to succeed in regular jobs. One of the brothers received a professional education. Genetic analysis of the parents revealed neither the microdeletion nor a cryptical translocation or inversion. We suggest that the recurrent deletion is a result of germline mosaicism, a phenomenon reported only once in the context of the 1p36 microdeletion syndrome. Our report confirms the recurrence of the apparently de novo 1p36 microdeletion due to a likely germline mosaicism of one of the parents. Furthermore, it illustrates the possibility of the distinct phenotype with a nearly normal intellectual outcome of the 1p36 microdeletion syndrome that might be due to the region involved in our patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Di Donato
- Institut für Klinische Genetik, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01307, Germany.
| | - B Klink
- Institut für Klinische Genetik, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - G Hahn
- Instituts für Radiologische Diagnostik am Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - E Schrock
- Institut für Klinische Genetik, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - K Hackmann
- Institut für Klinische Genetik, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01307, Germany
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15
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Õiglane-Shlik E, Puusepp S, Talvik I, Vaher U, Rein R, Tammur P, Reimand T, Teek R, Žilina O, Tomberg T, Õunap K. Monosomy 1p36 - a multifaceted and still enigmatic syndrome: four clinically diverse cases with shared white matter abnormalities. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2014; 18:338-46. [PMID: 24529875 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2014.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 01/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Monosomy 1p36 is the most common subtelomeric deletion syndrome seen in humans. Uniform features of the syndrome include early developmental delay and consequent intellectual disability, muscular hypotonia, and characteristic dysmorphic facial features. The gene-rich nature of the chromosomal band, inconsistent deletion sizes and overlapping clinical features have complicated relevant genotype-phenotype correlations. We describe four patients with isolated chromosome 1p36 deletions. All patients shared white matter abnormalities, allowing us to narrow the critical region for white matter involvement to the deletion size of up to 2.5 Mb from the telomere. We hypothesise that there might be a gene(s) responsible for myelin development in the 1p36 subtelomeric region. Other significant clinical findings were progressive spastic paraparesis, epileptic encephalopathy, various skeletal anomalies, Prader-Willi-like phenotype, neoplastic changes - a haemangioma and a benign skin tumour, and in one case, sleep myoclonus, a clinical entity not previously described in association with 1p36 monosomy. Combined with prior studies, our results suggest that the clinical features seen in monosomy 1p36 have more complex causes than a classical contiguous gene deletion syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve Õiglane-Shlik
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Children's Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Sanna Puusepp
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Inga Talvik
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Children's Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ulvi Vaher
- Children's Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Reet Rein
- Children's Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Pille Tammur
- Department of Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tiia Reimand
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine and Centre for Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Rita Teek
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Olga Žilina
- Department of Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tiiu Tomberg
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Katrin Õunap
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
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16
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Accurate, fast and cost-effective diagnostic test for monosomy 1p36 using real-time quantitative PCR. DISEASE MARKERS 2014; 2014:836082. [PMID: 24839341 PMCID: PMC4009252 DOI: 10.1155/2014/836082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Monosomy 1p36 is considered the most common subtelomeric deletion syndrome in humans and it accounts for 0.5–0.7% of all the cases of idiopathic intellectual disability. The molecular diagnosis is often made by microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH), which has the drawback of being a high-cost technique. However, patients with classic monosomy 1p36 share some typical clinical characteristics that, together with its common prevalence, justify the development of a less expensive, targeted diagnostic method. In this study, we developed a simple, rapid, and inexpensive real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay for targeted diagnosis of monosomy 1p36, easily accessible for low-budget laboratories in developing countries. For this, we have chosen two target genes which are deleted in the majority of patients with monosomy 1p36: PRKCZ and SKI. In total, 39 patients previously diagnosed with monosomy 1p36 by aCGH, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), and/or multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) all tested positive on our qPCR assay. By simultaneously using these two genes we have been able to detect 1p36 deletions with 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity. We conclude that qPCR of PRKCZ and SKI is a fast and accurate diagnostic test for monosomy 1p36, costing less than 10 US dollars in reagent costs.
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17
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Zaveri HP, Beck TF, Hernández-García A, Shelly KE, Montgomery T, van Haeringen A, Anderlid BM, Patel C, Goel H, Houge G, Morrow BE, Cheung SW, Lalani SR, Scott DA. Identification of critical regions and candidate genes for cardiovascular malformations and cardiomyopathy associated with deletions of chromosome 1p36. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85600. [PMID: 24454898 PMCID: PMC3893250 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular malformations and cardiomyopathy are among the most common phenotypes caused by deletions of chromosome 1p36 which affect approximately 1 in 5000 newborns. Although these cardiac-related abnormalities are a significant source of morbidity and mortality associated with 1p36 deletions, most of the individual genes that contribute to these conditions have yet to be identified. In this paper, we use a combination of clinical and molecular cytogenetic data to define five critical regions for cardiovascular malformations and two critical regions for cardiomyopathy on chromosome 1p36. Positional candidate genes which may contribute to the development of cardiovascular malformations associated with 1p36 deletions include DVL1, SKI, RERE, PDPN, SPEN, CLCNKA, ECE1, HSPG2, LUZP1, and WASF2. Similarly, haploinsufficiency of PRDM16–a gene which was recently shown to be sufficient to cause the left ventricular noncompaction–SKI, PRKCZ, RERE, UBE4B and MASP2 may contribute to the development of cardiomyopathy. When treating individuals with 1p36 deletions, or providing prognostic information to their families, physicians should take into account that 1p36 deletions which overlie these cardiac critical regions may portend to cardiovascular complications. Since several of these cardiac critical regions contain more than one positional candidate gene–and large terminal and interstitial 1p36 deletions often overlap more than one cardiac critical region–it is likely that haploinsufficiency of two or more genes contributes to the cardiac phenotypes associated with many 1p36 deletions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitisha P. Zaveri
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Tyler F. Beck
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Andrés Hernández-García
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Katharine E. Shelly
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Tara Montgomery
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Arie van Haeringen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Britt-Marie Anderlid
- Clinical Genetic Department, Karolinska University Hospital and Institution of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chirag Patel
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Birmingham Women’s Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Himanshu Goel
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gunnar Houge
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bernice E. Morrow
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Sau Wai Cheung
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Seema R. Lalani
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Daryl A. Scott
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Sánchez J, Fernández R, Madruga M, Bernabeu-Wittel J, Antiñolo G, Borrego S. Somatic and germ-line mosaicism of deletion 15q11.2-q13 in a mother of dyzigotic twins with Angelman syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 164A:370-6. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Sánchez
- Department of Genetics; Reproduction and Fetal Medicine; Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS); University Hospital Virgen del Rocío; CSIC; University of Seville; Seville Spain
| | - Raquel Fernández
- Department of Genetics; Reproduction and Fetal Medicine; Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS); University Hospital Virgen del Rocío; CSIC; University of Seville; Seville Spain
- Centre of Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Seville Spain
| | - Marcos Madruga
- Department of Pediatrics; University Hospital Virgen del Rocío; Seville Spain
| | | | - Guillermo Antiñolo
- Department of Genetics; Reproduction and Fetal Medicine; Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS); University Hospital Virgen del Rocío; CSIC; University of Seville; Seville Spain
- Centre of Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Seville Spain
| | - Salud Borrego
- Department of Genetics; Reproduction and Fetal Medicine; Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS); University Hospital Virgen del Rocío; CSIC; University of Seville; Seville Spain
- Centre of Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Seville Spain
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19
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Shiba N, Daza RAM, Shaffer LG, Barkovich AJ, Dobyns WB, Hevner RF. Neuropathology of brain and spinal malformations in a case of monosomy 1p36. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2013; 1:45. [PMID: 24252393 PMCID: PMC3893467 DOI: 10.1186/2051-5960-1-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Monosomy 1p36 is the most common subtelomeric chromosomal deletion linked to mental retardation and seizures. Neuroimaging studies suggest that monosomy 1p36 is associated with brain malformations including polymicrogyria and nodular heterotopia, but the histopathology of these lesions is unknown. Here we present postmortem neuropathological findings from a 10 year-old girl with monosomy 1p36, who died of respiratory complications. The findings included micrencephaly, periventricular nodular heterotopia in occipitotemporal lobes, cortical dysgenesis resembling polymicrogyria in dorsolateral frontal lobes, hippocampal malrotation, callosal hypoplasia, superiorly rotated cerebellum with small vermis, and lumbosacral hydromyelia. The abnormal cortex exhibited “festooned” (undulating) supragranular layers, but no significant fusion of the molecular layer. Deletion mapping demonstrated single copy loss of a contiguous 1p36 terminal region encompassing many important neurodevelopmental genes, among them four HES genes implicated in regulating neural stem cell differentiation, and TP73, a monoallelically expressed gene. Our results suggest that brain and spinal malformations in monosomy 1p36 may be more extensive than previously recognized, and may depend on the parental origin of deleted genes. More broadly, our results suggest that specific genetic disorders may cause distinct forms of cortical dysgenesis.
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20
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Arndt AK, Schafer S, Drenckhahn JD, Sabeh M, Plovie E, Caliebe A, Klopocki E, Musso G, Werdich A, Kalwa H, Heinig M, Padera R, Wassilew K, Bluhm J, Harnack C, Martitz J, Barton P, Greutmann M, Berger F, Hubner N, Siebert R, Kramer HH, Cook S, MacRae C, Klaassen S. Fine mapping of the 1p36 deletion syndrome identifies mutation of PRDM16 as a cause of cardiomyopathy. Am J Hum Genet 2013; 93:67-77. [PMID: 23768516 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 05/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Deletion 1p36 syndrome is recognized as the most common terminal deletion syndrome. Here, we describe the loss of a gene within the deletion that is responsible for the cardiomyopathy associated with monosomy 1p36, and we confirm its role in nonsyndromic left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). With our own data and publically available data from array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH), we identified a minimal deletion for the cardiomyopathy associated with 1p36del syndrome that included only the terminal 14 exons of the transcription factor PRDM16 (PR domain containing 16), a gene that had previously been shown to direct brown fat determination and differentiation. Resequencing of PRDM16 in a cohort of 75 nonsyndromic individuals with LVNC detected three mutations, including one truncation mutant, one frameshift null mutation, and a single missense mutant. In addition, in a series of cardiac biopsies from 131 individuals with DCM, we found 5 individuals with 4 previously unreported nonsynonymous variants in the coding region of PRDM16. None of the PRDM16 mutations identified were observed in more than 6,400 controls. PRDM16 has not previously been associated with cardiac disease but is localized in the nuclei of cardiomyocytes throughout murine and human development and in the adult heart. Modeling of PRDM16 haploinsufficiency and a human truncation mutant in zebrafish resulted in both contractile dysfunction and partial uncoupling of cardiomyocytes and also revealed evidence of impaired cardiomyocyte proliferative capacity. In conclusion, mutation of PRDM16 causes the cardiomyopathy in 1p36 deletion syndrome as well as a proportion of nonsyndromic LVNC and DCM.
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21
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Nimmakayalu M, Horton VK, Darbro B, Patil SR, Alsayouf H, Keppler-Noreuil K, Shchelochkov OA. Apparent germline mosaicism for a novel 19p13.13 deletion disrupting NFIX and CACNA1A. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 161A:1105-9. [PMID: 23495138 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We report on a case of apparent germline mosaicism in a family of two sisters carrying a novel 19p13.13 deletion. The 11-year-old proposita was referred for evaluation of macrocephaly, moderate intellectual disability (ID), and episodic ataxia. Array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) detected a 399 kb microdeletion with breakpoints within genes NFIX and CACNA1A. A similar deletion was also seen in the elder sibling who presented with macrocephaly, ID, and strabismus. The deletions were confirmed to be de novo after the parental aCGH analysis suggesting that this is an example of germinal mosaicism. This study contributes additional information for the newly identified 19p13 deletion syndrome and clarifies the clinical roles of genes in the involved region. This case of apparent germline mosaicism represents the only known family in the cohort of 1,800 patients analyzed by our group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjunath Nimmakayalu
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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22
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Buck A, du Souich C, Boerkoel CF. Minimal genotype--phenotype correlation for small deletions within distal 1p36. Am J Med Genet A 2011; 155A:3164-9. [PMID: 22065481 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.34333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Accepted: 09/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Buck
- Department of Pediatrics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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23
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Liu P, Erez A, Nagamani SCS, Dhar SU, Kołodziejska KE, Dharmadhikari AV, Cooper ML, Wiszniewska J, Zhang F, Withers MA, Bacino CA, Campos-Acevedo LD, Delgado MR, Freedenberg D, Garnica A, Grebe TA, Hernández-Almaguer D, Immken L, Lalani SR, McLean SD, Northrup H, Scaglia F, Strathearn L, Trapane P, Kang SHL, Patel A, Cheung SW, Hastings PJ, Stankiewicz P, Lupski JR, Bi W. Chromosome catastrophes involve replication mechanisms generating complex genomic rearrangements. Cell 2011; 146:889-903. [PMID: 21925314 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2011.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Revised: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Complex genomic rearrangements (CGRs) consisting of two or more breakpoint junctions have been observed in genomic disorders. Recently, a chromosome catastrophe phenomenon termed chromothripsis, in which numerous genomic rearrangements are apparently acquired in one single catastrophic event, was described in multiple cancers. Here, we show that constitutionally acquired CGRs share similarities with cancer chromothripsis. In the 17 CGR cases investigated, we observed localization and multiple copy number changes including deletions, duplications, and/or triplications, as well as extensive translocations and inversions. Genomic rearrangements involved varied in size and complexities; in one case, array comparative genomic hybridization revealed 18 copy number changes. Breakpoint sequencing identified characteristic features, including small templated insertions at breakpoints and microhomology at breakpoint junctions, which have been attributed to replicative processes. The resemblance between CGR and chromothripsis suggests similar mechanistic underpinnings. Such chromosome catastrophic events appear to reflect basic DNA metabolism operative throughout an organism's life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Liu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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24
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Duhoux FP, Ameye G, Lambot V, Herens C, Lambert F, Raynaud S, Wlodarska I, Michaux L, Roche-Lestienne C, Labis E, Taviaux S, Chapiro E, Nguyen-Khac F, Khac FN, Struski S, Dobbelstein S, Dastugue N, Lippert E, Speleman F, Van Roy N, De Weer A, Rack K, Talmant P, Richebourg S, Mugneret F, Tigaud I, Mozziconacci MJ, Laibe S, Nadal N, Terré C, Libouton JM, Decottignies A, Vikkula M, Poirel HA. Refinement of 1p36 alterations not involving PRDM16 in myeloid and lymphoid malignancies. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26311. [PMID: 22039459 PMCID: PMC3198844 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed to characterize 81 cases of myeloid and lymphoid malignancies with cytogenetic 1p36 alterations not affecting the PRDM16 locus. In total, three subgroups were identified: balanced translocations (N = 27) and telomeric rearrangements (N = 15), both mainly observed in myeloid disorders; and unbalanced non-telomeric rearrangements (N = 39), mainly observed in lymphoid proliferations and frequently associated with a highly complex karyotype. The 1p36 rearrangement was isolated in 12 cases, mainly myeloid disorders. The breakpoints on 1p36 were more widely distributed than previously reported, but with identifiable rare breakpoint cluster regions, such as the TP73 locus. We also found novel partner loci on 1p36 for the known multi-partner genes HMGA2 and RUNX1. We precised the common terminal 1p36 deletion, which has been suggested to have an adverse prognosis, in B-cell lymphomas [follicular lymphomas and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas with t(14;18)(q32;q21) as well as follicular lymphomas without t(14;18)]. Intrachromosomal telomeric repetitive sequences were detected in at least half the cases of telomeric rearrangements. It is unclear how the latter rearrangements occurred and whether they represent oncogenic events or result from chromosomal instability during oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francois P Duhoux
- Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Finsterer J, Stöllberger C, Blazek G, Sehnal E. Familal left ventricular hypertrabeculation (noncompaction) is myopathic. Int J Cardiol 2011; 164:312-7. [PMID: 21788087 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 07/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left-ventricular hypertrabeculation/noncompaction(LVHT) is a cardiac abnormality of unknown aetiology, frequently associated with arrhythmias, heart failure, and embolism. In most cases LVHT is associated with neuromuscular disorders (NMDs) or other rare non-neuromuscular genetic syndromes. Occasionally, LVHT occurs familiarly. METHODS AND RESULTS Invited for a cardiologic investigation were all first-degree relatives of index patients with LVHT who attended the cardiologic department. Altogether 25 relatives of 15 index patients from 15 families were investigated. Three members each were investigated in 3 families, 2 patients each in 4 families and 1 member each in 8 families. Among the 25 relatives from the 15 families, LVHT was found in 4 of them. Accordingly, familial LVHT was detected in 4 of the 15 investigated families (27%). Among the 4 relatives with LVHT, extension and morphology were similar to the appropriate index patient in 2 families. A NMD was diagnosed in three of the four relatives (75%) with familial LVHT. One relative without LVHT presented with a history of Fallot's tetralogy, and two relatives each presented with thickening of the left-ventricular myocardium. CONCLUSIONS LVHT is familial in at least 27% of the patients with LVHT. LVHT may differ between relatives in some of the patients with familial LVHT. Familial LVHT is associated with a NMD in the majority of the cases. Relatives of LVHT patients may present with cardiac abnormalities other than LVHT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Finsterer
- Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Vienna, Danube University Krems, Austria.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To survey recent developments in the field of genetics encompassing discovery of new candidate genes, new diagnostic strategies, and new therapies for sudden cardiac death (SCD) syndromes. RECENT FINDINGS In addition to new mutations in known SCD genes, several novel genes not previously implicated in SCD causation have been found, particularly in long QT syndrome (e.g., KCNJ5, AKAP9, SNTA1), idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (e.g., DPP6, KCNJ8), dilated cardiomyopathy (e.g., NEBL), and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM; e.g., NEXN). Genetic SCD animal models have provided novel insights into the cellular mechanism and pathogenesis of nearly all the major SCD syndromes, which has led to several new drug therapies for patients with genetic arrhythmia syndromes (e.g., flecainide in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia). Furthermore, genetic contributions to acquired heart diseases are increasingly being recognized. For example, a 21q21 locus is strongly associated with ventricular fibrillation after myocardial infarction. Near this locus is CXADR, a gene encoding a viral receptor implicated in myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. Finally, common variants in cardiac ion channels and proteins likely contribute to common cardiac phenotypes. SUMMARY Major strides have been made in uncovering new genes, mechanisms, and syndromes that have significantly advanced the diagnosis and treatment of genetic SCD disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Björn C. Knollmann
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology
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