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Goldstein SI, Fan AC, Wang Z, Naineni SK, Lengqvist J, Chernobrovkin A, Garcia-Gutierrez SB, Cencic R, Patel K, Huang S, Brown LE, Emili A, Porco JA. Proteomic Discovery of RNA-Protein Molecular Clamps Using a Thermal Shift Assay with ATP and RNA (TSAR). BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.19.590252. [PMID: 38659867 PMCID: PMC11042367 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.19.590252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Uncompetitive inhibition is an effective strategy for suppressing dysregulated enzymes and their substrates, but discovery of suitable ligands depends on often-unavailable structural knowledge and serendipity. Hence, despite surging interest in mass spectrometry-based target identification, proteomic studies of substrate-dependent target engagement remain sparse. Herein, we describe the Thermal Shift Assay with ATP and RNA (TSAR) as a template for proteome-wide discovery of substrate-dependent ligand binding. Using proteomic thermal shift assays, we show that simple biochemical additives can facilitate detection of target engagement in native cell lysates. We apply our approach to rocaglates, a family of molecules that specifically clamp RNA to eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A (eIF4A), DEAD-box helicase 3X (DDX3X), and potentially other members of the DEAD-box (DDX) family of RNA helicases. To identify unexpected interactions, we optimized a target class-specific thermal denaturation window and evaluated ATP analog and RNA probe dependencies for key rocaglate-DDX interactions. We report novel DDX targets of the rocaglate clamping spectrum, confirm that DDX3X is a common target of several widely studied analogs, and provide structural insights into divergent DDX3X affinities between synthetic rocaglates. We independently validate novel targets of high-profile rocaglates, including the clinical candidate Zotatifin (eFT226), using limited proteolysis-mass spectrometry and fluorescence polarization experiments. Taken together, our study provides a model for screening uncompetitive inhibitors using a systematic chemical-proteomics approach to uncover actionable DDX targets, clearing a path towards characterization of novel molecular clamps and associated RNA helicase targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley I. Goldstein
- BU Target Discovery Laboratory (BU-TDL), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Biophysics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alice C. Fan
- BU Target Discovery Laboratory (BU-TDL), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zihao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sai K. Naineni
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Regina Cencic
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kesha Patel
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sidong Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Andrew Emili
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - John A. Porco
- BU Target Discovery Laboratory (BU-TDL), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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Beduru S, Kutateladze AG. Complexity-Building ESIPT-Assisted Synthesis of Fused Polyheterocyclic Sulfonamides. Molecules 2023; 28:6549. [PMID: 37764325 PMCID: PMC10534920 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer (ESIPT), originally discovered and explored in depth in a number of extensive photophysical studies, is more recently rediscovered as a powerful synthetic tool, offering rapid access to complex polyheterocycles. In our prior work we have employed ESIPT in aromatic o-keto amines and amides, leading to diverse primary photoproducts-complex quinolinols or azacanes possessing a fused lactam moiety-which could additionally be modified in short, high-yielding postphotochemical reactions to further grow complexity of the heterocyclic core scaffold and/or to decorate it with additional functional groups. Given that sulfonamides are generally known as privileged substructures, in this study we pursued two goals: (i) To explore whether sulfonamides could behave as proton donors in the context of ESIPT-initiated photoinduced reactions; (ii) To assess the scope of subsequent complexity-building photochemical and postphotochemical steps, which give access to polyheterocyclic molecular cores with fused cyclic sulfonamide moieties. In this work we show that this is indeed the case. Simple sulfonamide-containing photoprecursors produced the sought-after heterocyclic products in experimentally simple photochemical reactions accompanied by significant step-normalized complexity increases as corroborated by the Böttcher complexity scores.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrei G. Kutateladze
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, USA;
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3
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Naineni SK, Cencic R, Robert F, Brown LE, Haque M, Scott-Talib J, Sénéchal P, Schmeing TM, Porco JA, Pelletier J. Exploring the targeting spectrum of rocaglates among eIF4A homologs. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 29:826-835. [PMID: 36882295 PMCID: PMC10187672 DOI: 10.1261/rna.079318.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of eukaryotic translation initiation through unscheduled RNA clamping of the DEAD-box (DDX) RNA helicases eIF4A1 and eIF4A2 has been documented for pateamine A (PatA) and rocaglates-two structurally different classes of compounds that share overlapping binding sites on eIF4A. Clamping of eIF4A to RNA causes steric blocks that interfere with ribosome binding and scanning, rationalizing the potency of these molecules since not all eIF4A molecules need to be engaged to elicit a biological effect. In addition to targeting translation, PatA and analogs have also been shown to target the eIF4A homolog, eIF4A3-a helicase necessary for exon junction complex (EJC) formation. EJCs are deposited on mRNAs upstream of exon-exon junctions and, when present downstream from premature termination codons (PTCs), participate in nonsense-mediated decay (NMD), a quality control mechanism aimed at preventing the production of dominant-negative or gain-of-function polypeptides from faulty mRNA transcripts. We find that rocaglates can also interact with eIF4A3 to induce RNA clamping. Rocaglates also inhibit EJC-dependent NMD in mammalian cells, but this does not appear to be due to induced eIF4A3-RNA clamping, but rather a secondary consequence of translation inhibition incurred by clamping eIF4A1 and eIF4A2 to mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Kiran Naineni
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Quebec, H3G 1Y6 Canada
| | - Regina Cencic
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Quebec, H3G 1Y6 Canada
| | - Francis Robert
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Quebec, H3G 1Y6 Canada
| | - Lauren E Brown
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Minza Haque
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Quebec, H3G 1Y6 Canada
| | | | - Patrick Sénéchal
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Quebec, H3G 1Y6 Canada
| | - T Martin Schmeing
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Quebec, H3G 1Y6 Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale (CRBS), McGill University, Quebec, H3G 0B1 Canada
| | - John A Porco
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Jerry Pelletier
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Quebec, H3G 1Y6 Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale (CRBS), McGill University, Quebec, H3G 0B1 Canada
- McGill Research Center on Complex Traits, McGill University, Quebec, H3G 0B1 Canada
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Quebec, H3A 1A3 Canada
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Quebec, H4A 3T2 Canada
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4
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Praditya DF, Klöhn M, Brüggemann Y, Brown LE, Porco JA, Zhang W, Kinast V, Kirschning A, Vondran FWR, Todt D, Steinmann E. Identification of structurally re-engineered rocaglates as inhibitors against hepatitis E virus replication. Antiviral Res 2022; 204:105359. [PMID: 35728703 PMCID: PMC9731315 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections are a leading cause of acute viral hepatitis in humans and pose a considerable threat to public health. Current standard of care treatment is limited to the off-label use of nucleoside-analog ribavirin (RBV) and PEGylated interferon-α, both of which are associated with significant side effects and provide limited efficacy. In the past few years, a promising natural product compound class of eukaryotic initiation factor 4A (eIF4A) inhibitors (translation initiation inhibitors), called rocaglates, were identified as antiviral agents against RNA virus infections. In the present study, we evaluated a total of 205 synthetic rocaglate derivatives from the BU-CMD compound library for their antiviral properties against HEV. At least eleven compounds showed inhibitory activities against the HEV genotype 3 (HEV-3) subgenomic replicon below 30 nM (EC50 value) as determined by Gaussia luciferase assay. Three amidino-rocaglates (ADRs) (CMLD012073, CMLD012118, and CMLD012612) possessed antiviral activity against HEV with EC50 values between 1 and 9 nM. In addition, these three selected compounds inhibited subgenomic replicons of different genotypes (HEV-1 [Sar55], wild boar HEV-3 [83-2] and human HEV-3 [p6]) in a dose-dependent manner and at low nanomolar concentrations. Furthermore, tested ADRs tend to be better tolerated in primary hepatocytes than hepatoma cancer cell lines and combination treatment of CMLD012118 with RBV and interferon-α (IFN-α) showed that CMLD012118 acts additive to RBV and IFN-α treatment. In conclusion, our results indicate that ADRs, especially CMLD012073, CMLD012118, and CMLD012612 may prove to be potential therapeutic candidates for the treatment of HEV infections and may contribute to the discovery of pan-genotypic inhibitors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimas F Praditya
- Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, The National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Indonesia.
| | - Mara Klöhn
- Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Yannick Brüggemann
- Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Lauren E Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - John A Porco
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Wenhan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Volker Kinast
- Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
| | - Andreas Kirschning
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Schneiderberg 1B, 30167, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Florian W R Vondran
- ReMediES, Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Daniel Todt
- Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; European Virus Bioinformatics Center (EVBC), 07743, Jena, Germany.
| | - Eike Steinmann
- Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), External Partner Site, Bochum, Germany.
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5
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Hoffmann N. Heterocyclic Compounds in Enantioselective Photochemical Reactions. HETEROCYCLES 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527832002.ch1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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6
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Stereodivergent total synthesis of rocaglaol initiated by synergistic dual-metal-catalyzed asymmetric allylation of benzofuran-3(2H)-one. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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7
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Greger H. Comparative phytochemistry of flavaglines (= rocaglamides), a group of highly bioactive flavolignans from Aglaia species (Meliaceae). PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2022; 21:725-764. [PMID: 34104125 PMCID: PMC8176878 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-021-09761-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Flavaglines are formed by cycloaddition of a flavonoid nucleus with a cinnamic acid moiety representing a typical chemical character of the genus Aglaia of the family Meliaceae. Based on biosynthetic considerations 148 derivatives are grouped together into three skeletal types representing 77 cyclopenta[b]benzofurans, 61 cyclopenta[bc]benzopyrans, and 10 benzo[b]oxepines. Apart from different hydroxy, methoxy, and methylenedioxy groups of the aromatic rings, important structural variation is created by different substitutions and stereochemistries of the central cyclopentane ring. Putrescine-derived bisamides constitute important building blocks occurring as cyclic 2-aminopyrrolidines or in an open-chained form, and are involved in the formation of pyrimidinone flavaglines. Regarding the central role of cinnamic acid in the formation of the basic skeleton, rocagloic acid represents a biosynthetic precursor from which aglafoline- and rocaglamide-type cyclopentabenzofurans can be derived, while those of the rocaglaol-type are the result of decarboxylation. Broad-based comparison revealed characteristic substitution trends which contribute as chemical markers to natural delimitation and grouping of taxonomically problematic Aglaia species. A wide variety of biological activities ranges from insecticidal, antifungal, antiprotozoal, and anti-inflammatory properties, especially to pronounced anticancer and antiviral activities. The high insecticidal activity of flavaglines is comparable with that of the well-known natural insecticide azadirachtin. Comparative feeding experiments informed about structure-activity relationships and exhibited different substitutions of the cyclopentane ring essential for insecticidal activity. Parallel studies on the antiproliferative activity of flavaglines in various tumor cell lines revealed similar structural prerequisites that let expect corresponding molecular mechanisms. An important structural modification with very high cytotoxic potency was found in the benzofuran silvestrol characterized by an unusual dioxanyloxy subunit. It possessed comparable cytotoxicity to that of the natural anticancer compounds paclitaxel (Taxol®) and camptothecin without effecting normal cells. The primary effect was the inhibition of protein synthesis by binding to the translation initiation factor eIF4A, an ATP-dependent DEAD-box RNA helicase. Flavaglines were also shown to bind to prohibitins (PHB) responsible for regulation of important signaling pathways, and to inhibit the transcriptional factor HSF1 deeply involved in metabolic programming, survival, and proliferation of cancer cells. Flavaglines were shown to be not only promising anticancer agents but gained now also high expectations as agents against emerging RNA viruses like SARS-CoV-2. Targeting the helicase eIF4A with flavaglines was recently described as pan-viral strategy for minimizing the impact of future RNA virus pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Greger
- Chemodiversity Research Group, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030 Wien, Austria
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8
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Enantioselective synthesis of heterocyclic compounds using photochemical reactions. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2021; 20:1657-1674. [PMID: 34822126 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-021-00135-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Different methods for the direct enantioselective photochemical synthesis of heterocycles are presented. Currently, asymmetric catalysis with templates involving hydrogen bonds or metal complexes is intensively investigated. Enzyme catalysis can be simplified under photochemical conditions. For example, in multi enzyme systems, one or more enzyme catalytic steps can be replaced by simple photochemical reactions. Chiral induction in photochemical reactions performed with homochiral crystals is highly efficient. Such reactions can also be carried out with crystalline inclusion complexes. Inclusion of a photochemical substrate and an enantiopure compound in zeolites also leads to enantioselective compounds. In all these methods, the conformational mobility of the photochemical substrates is reduced or controlled. Memory of chirality is a particular case in which a chiral information is temporally lost but the rigid conformations stabilize the molecular structure which leads to the formation of enantiopure compounds. Such studies allows a profound understanding on how particular conformations determine the configuration of the final products.Graphical abstract.
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9
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Kandappa SK, Kumarasamy E, Singathi R, Valloli LK, Ugrinov A, Sivaguru J. Chemoselective Photoreaction of Enamides - Divergent Reactivity Towards [3+2]-photocycloaddition vs Paternò-Büchi Reaction. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 97:1391-1396. [PMID: 34287915 DOI: 10.1111/php.13489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Photoreaction of enamides tethered to a phenyl ketone leads to either [3+2]-photocycloaddition or Paternò-Büchi reaction. This divergence in chemical reactivity originating from the same excited state was dependent on the reaction temperature. At low temperatures, Paternò-Büchi reaction was preferred, while at higher temperatures there was preference towards formation of [3+2]-photoproduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar Kandappa
- Center for Photochemical Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, USA
| | - Elango Kumarasamy
- Center for Photochemical Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58103, USA
| | - Ravichandranath Singathi
- Center for Photochemical Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, USA
| | - Lakshmy Kannadi Valloli
- Center for Photochemical Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, USA
| | - Angel Ugrinov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58103, USA
| | - Jayaraman Sivaguru
- Center for Photochemical Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, USA
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Nilewski C, Michels TD, Xiang AX, Packard GK, Sprengeler PA, Eam B, Fish S, Thompson PA, Wegerski CJ, Ernst JT, Reich SH. Strategic Diastereoselective C1 Functionalization in the Aza-Rocaglamide Scaffold toward Natural Product-Inspired eIF4A Inhibitors. Org Lett 2020; 22:6257-6261. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Nilewski
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, Suite A, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Theodore D. Michels
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, Suite A, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Alan X. Xiang
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, Suite A, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Garrick K. Packard
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, Suite A, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Paul A. Sprengeler
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, Suite A, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Boreth Eam
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, Suite A, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Sarah Fish
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, Suite A, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Peggy A. Thompson
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, Suite A, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Christopher J. Wegerski
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, Suite A, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Justin T. Ernst
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, Suite A, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Siegfried H. Reich
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, Suite A, San Diego, California 92121, United States
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11
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Ernst JT, Thompson PA, Nilewski C, Sprengeler PA, Sperry S, Packard G, Michels T, Xiang A, Tran C, Wegerski CJ, Eam B, Young NP, Fish S, Chen J, Howard H, Staunton J, Molter J, Clarine J, Nevarez A, Chiang GG, Appleman JR, Webster KR, Reich SH. Design of Development Candidate eFT226, a First in Class Inhibitor of Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 4A RNA Helicase. J Med Chem 2020; 63:5879-5955. [PMID: 32470302 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of protein translation is a key driver for the pathogenesis of many cancers. Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A (eIF4A), an ATP-dependent DEAD-box RNA helicase, is a critical component of the eIF4F complex, which regulates cap-dependent protein synthesis. The flavagline class of natural products (i.e., rocaglamide A) has been shown to inhibit protein synthesis by stabilizing a translation-incompetent complex for select messenger RNAs (mRNAs) with eIF4A. Despite showing promising anticancer phenotypes, the development of flavagline derivatives as therapeutic agents has been hampered because of poor drug-like properties as well as synthetic complexity. A focused effort was undertaken utilizing a ligand-based design strategy to identify a chemotype with optimized physicochemical properties. Also, detailed mechanistic studies were undertaken to further elucidate mRNA sequence selectivity, key regulated target genes, and the associated antitumor phenotype. This work led to the design of eFT226 (Zotatifin), a compound with excellent physicochemical properties and significant antitumor activity that supports clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin T Ernst
- Inception Therapeutics, 6175 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Peggy A Thompson
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Christian Nilewski
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Paul A Sprengeler
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Samuel Sperry
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Garrick Packard
- Inception Therapeutics, 6175 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Theodore Michels
- GossamerBio., 3013 Science Park Road, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Alan Xiang
- WuXi AppTec, 6114 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Chinh Tran
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | | | - Boreth Eam
- Calporta Therapeutics, 11099 North Torrey Poines Rd., La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Nathan P Young
- Casma Therapeutics, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, California 02139, United States
| | - Sarah Fish
- Plexium, Inc., 11585 Sorrento Valley Rd., San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Joan Chen
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Haleigh Howard
- Providence Portland Medical Center, 4805 NE Glisan Street, Portland, Oregon 97213, United States
| | - Jocelyn Staunton
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jolene Molter
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jeff Clarine
- GossamerBio., 3013 Science Park Road, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Andres Nevarez
- Escient Pharmaceuticals, 10578 Science Center Dr., San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Gary G Chiang
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jim R Appleman
- Primmune Therapeutics, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Kevin R Webster
- Frontier Medicines Corp., 151 Oyster Point Blvd., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Siegfried H Reich
- eFFECTOR Therapeutics, 11180 Roselle Street, San Diego, California 92121, United States
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12
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Translation Inhibition by Rocaglates Activates a Species-Specific Cell Death Program in the Emerging Fungal Pathogen Candida auris. mBio 2020; 11:mBio.03329-19. [PMID: 32156828 PMCID: PMC7064782 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03329-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Emergence of the fungal pathogen Candida auris has ignited intrigue and alarm within the medical community and the public at large. This pathogen is unusually resistant to antifungals, threatening to overwhelm current management options. By screening a library of structurally diverse molecules, we found that C. auris is surprisingly sensitive to translation inhibition by a class of compounds known as rocaglates (also known as flavaglines). Despite the high level of conservation across fungi in their protein synthesis machinery, these compounds inhibited translation initiation and activated a cell death program in C. auris but not in its relative Candida albicans. Our findings highlight a surprising divergence across the cell death programs operating in Candida species and underscore the need to understand the specific biology of a pathogen in attempting to develop more-effective treatments against it. Fungal infections are a major contributor to infectious disease-related deaths worldwide. Recently, global emergence of the fungal pathogen Candida auris has caused considerable concern because most C. auris isolates are resistant to fluconazole, the most commonly administered antifungal, and some isolates are resistant to drugs from all three major antifungal classes. To identify novel agents with bioactivity against C. auris, we screened 2,454 compounds from a diversity-oriented synthesis collection. Of the five hits identified, most shared a common rocaglate core structure and displayed fungicidal activity against C. auris. These rocaglate hits inhibited translation in C. auris but not in its pathogenic relative Candida albicans. Species specificity was contingent on variation at a single amino acid residue in Tif1, a fungal member of the eukaryotic initiation factor 4A (eIF4A) family of translation initiation factors known to be targeted by rocaglates. Rocaglate-mediated inhibition of translation in C. auris activated a cell death program characterized by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, increased caspase-like activity, and disrupted vacuolar homeostasis. In a rocaglate-sensitized C. albicans mutant engineered to express translation initiation factor 1 (Tif1) with the variant amino acid that we had identified in C. auris, translation was inhibited but no programmed cell death phenotypes were observed. This surprising finding suggests divergence between these related fungal pathogens in their pathways of cellular responses to translation inhibition. From a therapeutic perspective, the chemical biology that we have uncovered reveals species-specific vulnerability in C. auris and identifies a promising target for development of new, mechanistically distinct antifungals in the battle against this emerging pathogen.
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13
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Chu J, Zhang W, Cencic R, Devine WG, Beglov D, Henkel T, Brown LE, Vajda S, Porco JA, Pelletier J. Amidino-Rocaglates: A Potent Class of eIF4A Inhibitors. Cell Chem Biol 2019; 26:1586-1593.e3. [PMID: 31519508 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2019.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Rocaglates share a common cyclopenta[b]benzofuran core that inhibits eukaryotic translation initiation by modifying the behavior of the RNA helicase, eIF4A. Working as interfacial inhibitors, rocaglates stabilize the association between eIF4A and RNA, which can lead to the formation of steric barriers that block initiating ribosomes. There is significant interest in the development and expansion of rocaglate derivatives, as several members of this family have been shown to possess potent anti-neoplastic activity in vitro and in vivo. To further our understanding of rocaglate diversity and drug design, herein we explore the RNA clamping activity of >200 unique rocaglate derivatives. Through this, we report on the identification and characterization of a potent class of synthetic rocaglates called amidino-rocaglates. These compounds are among the most potent rocaglates documented to date and, taken together, this work offers important information that will guide the future design of rocaglates with improved biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Chu
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Wenhan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Regina Cencic
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - William G Devine
- Department of Chemistry, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dmitri Beglov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Lauren E Brown
- Department of Chemistry, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sandor Vajda
- Department of Chemistry, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John A Porco
- Department of Chemistry, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jerry Pelletier
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada; Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
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14
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Zhang W, Chu J, Cyr AM, Yueh H, Brown LE, Wang TT, Pelletier J, Porco JA. Intercepted Retro-Nazarov Reaction: Syntheses of Amidino-Rocaglate Derivatives and Their Biological Evaluation as eIF4A Inhibitors. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:12891-12900. [PMID: 31310112 PMCID: PMC6693944 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b06446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rocaglates are a family of natural products isolated from the genus Aglaia which possess a highly substituted cyclopenta[b]benzofuran skeleton and inhibit cap-dependent protein synthesis. Rocaglates are attractive compounds due to their potential for inhibiting tumor cell maintenance in vivo by specifically targeting eukaryotic initiation factor 4A (eIF4A) and interfering with recruitment of ribosomes to mRNA. In this paper, we describe an intercepted retro-Nazarov reaction utilizing intramolecular tosyl migration to generate a reactive oxyallyl cation on the rocaglate skeleton. Trapping of the oxyallyl cation with a diverse range of nucleophiles has been used to generate over 50 novel amidino-rocaglate (ADR) and amino-rocaglate derivatives. Subsequently, these derivatives were evaluated for their ability to inhibit cap-dependent protein synthesis where they were found to outperform previous lead compounds including the rocaglate hydroxamate CR-1-31-B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Chu
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3G 1Y6
| | - Andrew M. Cyr
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
| | - Han Yueh
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
| | - Lauren E. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
| | - Tony T. Wang
- Laboratory of Vector-borne Viral Diseases, Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20903, USA
| | - Jerry Pelletier
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3G 1Y6
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3G 1Y6
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3G 1Y6
| | - John A. Porco
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America
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15
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Zhang W, Liu S, Maiga RI, Pelletier J, Brown LE, Wang TT, Porco JA. Chemical Synthesis Enables Structural Reengineering of Aglaroxin C Leading to Inhibition Bias for Hepatitis C Viral Infection. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:1312-1323. [PMID: 30590924 PMCID: PMC6583776 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b11477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As a unique rocaglate (flavagline) natural product, aglaroxin C displays intriguing biological activity by inhibiting hepatitis C viral entry. To further elucidate structure-activity relationships and diversify the pyrimidinone scaffold, we report a concise synthesis of aglaroxin C utilizing a highly regioselective pyrimidinone condensation. We have prepared more than 40 aglaroxin C analogues utilizing various amidine condensation partners. Through biological evaluation of analogues, we have discovered two lead compounds, CMLD012043 and CMLD012044, which show preferential bias for the inhibition of hepatitis C viral entry vs translation inhibition. Overall, the study demonstrates the power of chemical synthesis to produce natural product variants with both target inhibition bias and improved therapeutic indexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Shufeng Liu
- Laboratory of Vector-borne Viral Diseases, Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20903, USA
| | - Rayelle I. Maiga
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3G1Y6, Canada
| | - Jerry Pelletier
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3G1Y6, Canada
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3G1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3G1Y6, Canada
| | - Lauren E. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Tony T. Wang
- Laboratory of Vector-borne Viral Diseases, Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20903, USA
| | - John A. Porco
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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16
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Nalli AD, Brown LE, Thomas CL, Sayers TJ, Porco JA, Henrich CJ. Sensitization of renal carcinoma cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by rocaglamide and analogs. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17519. [PMID: 30504817 PMCID: PMC6269514 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35908-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rocaglamide has been reported to sensitize several cell types to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. In recent years, advances in synthetic techniques have led to generation of novel rocaglamide analogs. However, these have not been extensively analyzed as TRAIL sensitizers, particularly in TRAIL-resistant renal cell carcinoma cells. Evaluation of rocaglamide and analogs identified 29 compounds that are able to sensitize TRAIL-resistant ACHN cells to TRAIL-induced, caspase-dependent apoptosis with sub-µM potency which correlated with their potency as protein synthesis inhibitors and with loss of cFLIP protein in the same cells. Rocaglamide alone induced cell cycle arrest, but not apoptosis. Rocaglates averaged 4–5-fold higher potency as TRAIL sensitizers than as protein synthesis inhibitors suggesting a potential window for maximizing TRAIL sensitization while minimizing effects of general protein synthesis inhibition. A wide range of other rocaglate effects (e.g. on JNK or RAF-MEK-ERK signaling, death receptor levels, ROS, ER stress, eIF4E phosphorylation) were assessed, but did not contribute to TRAIL sensitization. Other than a rapid loss of MCL-1, rocaglates had minimal effects on mitochondrial apoptotic pathway proteins. The identification of structurally diverse/mechanistically similar TRAIL sensitizing rocaglates provides insights into both rocaglate structure and function and potential further development for use in RCC-directed combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ancy D Nalli
- National Cancer Institute, Molecular Targets Program, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Lauren E Brown
- Boston University, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Department of Chemistry, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Cheryl L Thomas
- National Cancer Institute, Molecular Targets Program, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Thomas J Sayers
- National Cancer Institute, Cancer Inflammation Program, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.,Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - John A Porco
- Boston University, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Department of Chemistry, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Curtis J Henrich
- National Cancer Institute, Molecular Targets Program, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA. .,Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
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17
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Gerry CJ, Schreiber SL. Chemical probes and drug leads from advances in synthetic planning and methodology. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2018; 17:333-352. [PMID: 29651105 PMCID: PMC6707071 DOI: 10.1038/nrd.2018.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Screening of small-molecule libraries is a productive method for identifying both chemical probes of disease-related targets and potential starting points for drug discovery. In this article, we focus on strategies such as diversity-oriented synthesis that aim to explore novel areas of chemical space efficiently by populating small-molecule libraries with compounds containing structural features that are typically under-represented in commercially available screening collections. Drawing from more than a decade's worth of examples, we highlight how the design and synthesis of such libraries have been enabled by modern synthetic chemistry, and we illustrate the impact of the resultant chemical probes and drug leads in a wide range of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Gerry
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Broad Institute of Harvard & MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stuart L Schreiber
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Broad Institute of Harvard & MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
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18
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Paz BM, Li Y, Thøgersen MK, Jørgensen KA. Enantioselective synthesis of cyclopenta[ b]benzofurans via an organocatalytic intramolecular double cyclization. Chem Sci 2017; 8:8086-8093. [PMID: 29568457 PMCID: PMC5855134 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc03006a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An enantioselective organocatalytic strategy, combining Brønsted base and N-heterocyclic carbene catalysis in a unique manner, is demonstrated for a concise construction of the privileged cyclopenta[b]benzofuran scaffold, present in many bioactive compounds having both academic and commercial interests. The reaction concept relies on an intramolecular one-pot double cyclization involving a cycle-specific enantioselective Michael addition followed by a benzoin condensation of ortho-substituted cinnamaldehydes. Cyclopenta[b]benzofurans were achieved in moderate to good yields, with excellent stereoselectivities. A proof of principle for a diastereodivergent variation is demonstrated through the synthesis of cyclopenta[b]benzofurans containing two contiguous aromatic substituents in a substitution pattern present in commercial and natural compounds. Furthermore, several transformations have been performed, demonstrating the synthetic utility of the products. Finally, insights into the activation mode and stereoindution models are presented for this new synthetic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Matos Paz
- Department of Chemistry , Aarhus University , DK-8000 Aarhus C , Denmark .
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Chemistry , Aarhus University , DK-8000 Aarhus C , Denmark .
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19
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Wang W, Clay A, Krishnan R, Lajkiewicz NJ, Brown LE, Sivaguru J, Porco JA. Total Syntheses of the Isomeric Aglain Natural Products Foveoglin A and Perviridisin B: Selective Excited-State Intramolecular Proton-Transfer Photocycloaddition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:14479-14482. [PMID: 28950418 PMCID: PMC5876029 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Selective excited-state intramolecular proton-transfer (ESIPT) photocycloaddition of 3-hydroxyflavones with trans, trans-1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadiene is described. Using this methodology, total syntheses of the natural products (±)-foveoglin A and (±)-perviridisin B were accomplished. Enantioselective ESIPT photocycloaddition using TADDOLs as chiral hydrogen-bonding additives provided access to (+)-foveoglin A. Mechanistic studies have revealed the possibility for a photoinduced electron-transfer (PET) pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02215, USA
| | - Anthony Clay
- Present address: Department of Chemistry and Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Geen State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, USA
| | - Retheesh Krishnan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College for Women, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, India
| | - Neil J Lajkiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02215, USA
| | - Lauren E Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02215, USA
| | - Jayaraman Sivaguru
- Present address: Department of Chemistry and Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Geen State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, USA
| | - John A Porco
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02215, USA
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20
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Wang W, Clay A, Krishnan R, Lajkiewicz NJ, Brown LE, Sivaguru J, Porco JA. Total Syntheses of the Isomeric Aglain Natural Products Foveoglin A and Perviridisin B: Selective Excited‐State Intramolecular Proton‐Transfer Photocycloaddition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD) Boston University 590 Commonwealth Avenue Boston Massachusetts 02215 USA
| | - Anthony Clay
- Present address: Department of Chemistry and Center for Photochemical Sciences Bowling Geen State University Bowling Green OH 43403 USA
| | - Retheesh Krishnan
- Department of Chemistry Government College for Women Thiruvananthapuram 695014 India
| | - Neil J. Lajkiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD) Boston University 590 Commonwealth Avenue Boston Massachusetts 02215 USA
| | - Lauren E. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD) Boston University 590 Commonwealth Avenue Boston Massachusetts 02215 USA
| | - Jayaraman Sivaguru
- Present address: Department of Chemistry and Center for Photochemical Sciences Bowling Geen State University Bowling Green OH 43403 USA
| | - John A. Porco
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD) Boston University 590 Commonwealth Avenue Boston Massachusetts 02215 USA
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21
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Yueh H, Gao Q, Porco JA, Beeler AB. A photochemical flow reactor for large scale syntheses of aglain and rocaglate natural product analogues. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:6197-6202. [PMID: 28666859 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the development of continuous flow photoreactors for large scale ESIPT-mediated [3+2]-photocycloaddition of 2-(p-methoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxyflavone and cinnamate-derived dipolarophiles. These reactors can be efficiently numbered up to increase throughput two orders of magnitude greater than the corresponding batch reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Yueh
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Qiwen Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - John A Porco
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Aaron B Beeler
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States.
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22
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Kärkäs M, Porco JA, Stephenson CRJ. Photochemical Approaches to Complex Chemotypes: Applications in Natural Product Synthesis. Chem Rev 2016; 116:9683-747. [PMID: 27120289 PMCID: PMC5025835 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 665] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The use of photochemical transformations is a powerful strategy that allows for the formation of a high degree of molecular complexity from relatively simple building blocks in a single step. A central feature of all light-promoted transformations is the involvement of electronically excited states, generated upon absorption of photons. This produces transient reactive intermediates and significantly alters the reactivity of a chemical compound. The input of energy provided by light thus offers a means to produce strained and unique target compounds that cannot be assembled using thermal protocols. This review aims at highlighting photochemical transformations as a tool for rapidly accessing structurally and stereochemically diverse scaffolds. Synthetic designs based on photochemical transformations have the potential to afford complex polycyclic carbon skeletons with impressive efficiency, which are of high value in total synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus
D. Kärkäs
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - John A. Porco
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Corey R. J. Stephenson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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23
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Zhao Q, Abou-Hamdan H, Désaubry L. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Flavaglines, a Family of Potent Bioactive Natural Compounds Originating from Traditional Chinese Medicine. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhao
- Laboratory of Therapeutic Innovation (UMR 7200); Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Strasbourg-CNRS; Illkirch France
| | - Hussein Abou-Hamdan
- Laboratory of Therapeutic Innovation (UMR 7200); Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Strasbourg-CNRS; Illkirch France
| | - Laurent Désaubry
- Laboratory of Therapeutic Innovation (UMR 7200); Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Strasbourg-CNRS; Illkirch France
- Sino-French Joint Lab of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry; College of Biotechnology; Tianjin University of Science and Technology; 300457 Tianjin P. R. China
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24
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Wang W, Cencic R, Whitesell L, Pelletier J, Porco JA. Synthesis of Aza-Rocaglates via ESIPT-Mediated (3+2) Photocycloaddition. Chemistry 2016; 22:12006-10. [PMID: 27338157 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of aza-rocaglates, nitrogen-containing analogues of the rocaglate natural products, is reported. The route features ESIPT-mediated (3+2) photocycloaddition of 1-alkyl-2-aryl-3-hydroxyquinolinones with the dipolarophile methyl cinnamate. A continuous photoflow reactor was utilized for photocycloadditions. An array of compounds bearing the hexahydrocyclopenta[b]indole core structure was synthesized and evaluated in translation inhibition assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Regina Cencic
- Department of Biochemistry and The Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre Room 810, McGill University, 3655 Drummond St., Montreal, QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Luke Whitesell
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research (WIBR), Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Jerry Pelletier
- Department of Biochemistry and The Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre Room 810, McGill University, 3655 Drummond St., Montreal, QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - John A Porco
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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25
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Bhattacharya B, Chatterjee S, Devine WG, Kobzik L, Beeler AB, Porco JA, Kramnik I. Fine-tuning of macrophage activation using synthetic rocaglate derivatives. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24409. [PMID: 27086720 PMCID: PMC4834551 DOI: 10.1038/srep24409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-resistant bacteria represent a significant global threat. Given the dearth of new antibiotics, host-directed therapies (HDTs) are especially desirable. As IFN-gamma (IFNγ) plays a central role in host resistance to intracellular bacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, we searched for small molecules to augment the IFNγ response in macrophages. Using an interferon-inducible nuclear protein Ipr1 as a biomarker of macrophage activation, we performed a high-throughput screen and identified molecules that synergized with low concentration of IFNγ. Several active compounds belonged to the flavagline (rocaglate) family. In primary macrophages a subset of rocaglates 1) synergized with low concentrations of IFNγ in stimulating expression of a subset of IFN-inducible genes, including a key regulator of the IFNγ network, Irf1; 2) suppressed the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and type I IFN and 3) induced autophagy. These compounds may represent a basis for macrophage-directed therapies that fine-tune macrophage effector functions to combat intracellular pathogens and reduce inflammatory tissue damage. These therapies would be especially relevant to fighting drug-resistant pathogens, where improving host immunity may prove to be the ultimate resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bidisha Bhattacharya
- Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories (NEIDL), Boston University, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Sujoy Chatterjee
- Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories (NEIDL), Boston University, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - William G Devine
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Lester Kobzik
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Aaron B Beeler
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - John A Porco
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Igor Kramnik
- Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories (NEIDL), Boston University, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
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26
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Ravelli D, Protti S, Fagnoni M. Carbon–Carbon Bond Forming Reactions via Photogenerated Intermediates. Chem Rev 2016; 116:9850-913. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 724] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ravelli
- Department
of Chemistry, Photogreen Lab, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli
12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefano Protti
- Department
of Chemistry, Photogreen Lab, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli
12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fagnoni
- Department
of Chemistry, Photogreen Lab, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli
12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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27
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Arai MA, Kofuji Y, Tanaka Y, Yanase N, Yamaku K, Fuentes RG, Karmakar UK, Ishibashi M. Synthesis of rocaglamide derivatives and evaluation of their Wnt signal inhibitory activities. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:3061-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02537k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A new class of rocaglamide derivatives were synthesized by [3 + 2] cycloaddition and their Wnt signal inhibitory activities were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori A. Arai
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chiba University
- Chiba
- Japan
| | - Yuuki Kofuji
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chiba University
- Chiba
- Japan
| | - Yuuki Tanaka
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chiba University
- Chiba
- Japan
| | - Natsuki Yanase
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chiba University
- Chiba
- Japan
| | - Kazuki Yamaku
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chiba University
- Chiba
- Japan
| | - Rolly G. Fuentes
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chiba University
- Chiba
- Japan
| | - Utpal Kumar Karmakar
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chiba University
- Chiba
- Japan
| | - Masami Ishibashi
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chiba University
- Chiba
- Japan
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28
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Liu S, Wang W, Brown LE, Qiu C, Lajkiewicz N, Zhao T, Zhou J, Porco JA, Wang TT. A Novel Class of Small Molecule Compounds that Inhibit Hepatitis C Virus Infection by Targeting the Prohibitin-CRaf Pathway. EBioMedicine 2015; 2:1600-6. [PMID: 26870784 PMCID: PMC4740292 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of novel drug targets and affordable therapeutic agents remains a high priority in the fight against chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Here, we report that the cellular proteins prohibitin 1 (PHB1) and 2 (PHB2) are pan-genotypic HCV entry factors functioning at a post-binding step. While predominantly found in mitochondria, PHBs localize to the plasma membrane of hepatocytes through their transmembrane domains and interact with both EGFR and CRaf. Targeting PHB by rocaglamide (Roc-A), a natural product that binds PHB1 and 2, reduced cell surface PHB1 and 2, disrupted PHB-CRaf interaction, and inhibited HCV entry at low nanomolar concentrations. A structure-activity analysis of 32 synthetic Roc-A analogs indicated that the chiral, racemic version of aglaroxin C, a natural product biosynthetically related to Roc-A, displayed improved potency and therapeutic index against HCV infection. This study reveals a new class of HCV entry inhibitors that target the PHB1/2-CRaf pathway. Cellular proteins prohibitins 1 and 2 are essential HCV entry factors that function at a post-binding step. The natural compound Roc-A potently blocks HCV infection by disrupting prohibitins-CRaf interaction The Roc-A derivative, aglaroxin C, displays improved potency and therapeutic index towards HCV infection
Current FDA-approved HCV drugs all target viral proteins. We now demonstrate that a group of small molecules, the rocaglates, potently block HCV entry at low nanomolar concentrations. Roc-A inhibits HCV entry by disrupting the important interaction between two pan-genomic HCV entry factors, PHB1 and 2, and the signaling molecule CRaf. Overall, Roc-A and related rocaglates represent a new class of compounds that hold significant therapeutic promise in treating HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufeng Liu
- Center for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Biosciences Division, SRI International, Harrisonburg, VA 22802, USA
| | - Wenyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Lauren E Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Chao Qiu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Neil Lajkiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ting Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jianhua Zhou
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - John A Porco
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Tony T Wang
- Center for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Biosciences Division, SRI International, Harrisonburg, VA 22802, USA
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29
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Zhou Z, Tius MA. Synthesis of Each Enantiomer of Rocaglamide by Means of a Palladium(0)-Catalyzed Nazarov-Type Cyclization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201501374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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30
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Zhou Z, Tius MA. Synthesis of each enantiomer of rocaglamide by means of a palladium(0)-catalyzed Nazarov-type cyclization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:6037-40. [PMID: 25824525 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201501374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A recently reported Pd(0)-catalyzed asymmetric Nazarov-type cyclization has been successfully applied in the key step of the first catalytic asymmetric total synthesis of (-)-rocaglamide (natural) and (+)-rocaglamide. The stereochemistry at the C3 position that controls the stereochemistry of all other stereocenters is determined in the cyclization step. This versatile and modular synthesis proceeds from simple reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhou
- Chemistry Department, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2545 The Mall, Honolulu, HI 96822 (USA)
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31
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Abstract
The (3+2)-cycloaddition reaction involving oxyallyl cations has proven to be a versatile and efficient approach for the construction of five-membered carbo- and heterocycles, which are prevalent frameworks in natural products and pharmaceuticals. The following article will provide a brief summary of recent disclosures on this process featuring chemo-, regio- and diastereoselective oxyallyl cycloadditions with both electron-rich and electron-deficient 2π partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Jimmy Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
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32
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Nhu D, Hawkins BC, Burns CJ. Phase Transfer Catalysis Extends The Scope of The Algar–Flynn–Oyamada Synthesis of 3-Hydroxyflavones. Aust J Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1071/ch14620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The Algar–Flynn–Oyamada reaction is the classical method to synthesize 3-hydroxyflavones from chalcones. Despite its relative simplicity, the reaction has several drawbacks including variable and often low product yields. We have found that phase transfer catalysis improves the yields and expands the scope of the Algar–Flynn–Oyamada reaction of a series of 4-benzyloxy-2-hydroxy chalcones.
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33
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Gulder T, Gulder TAM. Chemie in Stereo: die 49. Bürgenstock-Konferenz. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201406309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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34
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Gulder T, Gulder TAM. Chemistry in Stereo: The 49th Bürgenstock Conference. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:9418-20. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201406309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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35
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Pan L, Woodard JL, Lucas DM, Fuchs JR, Kinghorn AD. Rocaglamide, silvestrol and structurally related bioactive compounds from Aglaia species. Nat Prod Rep 2014; 31:924-39. [PMID: 24788392 PMCID: PMC4091845 DOI: 10.1039/c4np00006d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2006 to 2013. Investigations on the chemistry and biology of rocaglamide, silvestrol and structurally related bioactive compounds from Aglaia species during the period 2006-2013 are reviewed. Included are new phytochemical studies of naturally occurring rocaglamide derivatives, an update on synthetic methods for cyclopenta[b]benzofurans, and a description of the recent biological evaluation and mechanism-of-action studies on compounds of this type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Pan
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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36
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Hawkins BC, Lindqvist LM, Nhu D, Sharp PP, Segal D, Powell AK, Campbell M, Ryan E, Chambers JM, White JM, Rizzacasa MA, Lessene G, Huang DCS, Burns CJ. Simplified silvestrol analogues with potent cytotoxic activity. ChemMedChem 2014; 9:1556-66. [PMID: 24677741 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201400024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The complex natural products silvestrol (1) and episilvestrol (2) are inhibitors of translation initiation through binding to the DEAD-box helicase eukaryotic initiation factor 4A (eIF4A). Both compounds are potently cytotoxic to cancer cells in vitro, and 1 has demonstrated efficacy in vivo in several xenograft cancer models. Here we show that 2 has limited plasma membrane permeability and is metabolized in liver microsomes in a manner consistent with that reported for 1. In addition, we have prepared a series of analogues of these compounds where the complex pseudo-sugar at C6 has been replaced with chemically simpler moieties to improve drug-likeness. Selected compounds from this work possess excellent activity in biochemical and cellular translation assays with potent activity against leukemia cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bill C Hawkins
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052 (Australia); Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010 (Australia)
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37
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Lajkiewicz NJ, Cognetta A, Niphakis MJ, Cravatt BF, Porco JA. Remodeling natural products: chemistry and serine hydrolase activity of a rocaglate-derived β-lactone. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:2659-64. [PMID: 24447064 PMCID: PMC3978386 DOI: 10.1021/ja412431g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Flavaglines are a class of natural products with potent insecticidal and anticancer activities. β-Lactones are a privileged structural motif found in both therapeutic agents and chemical probes. Herein, we report the synthesis, unexpected light-driven di-epimerization, and activity-based protein profiling of a novel rocaglate-derived β-lactone. In addition to in vitro inhibition of the serine hydrolases ABHD10 and ACOT1/2, the most potent β-lactone enantiomer was also found to inhibit these enzymes, as well as the serine peptidases CTSA and SCPEP1, in PC3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil J. Lajkiewicz
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development
(CMLD-BU), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Armand
B. Cognetta
- Department
of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research
Institute, 10550 North
Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Micah J. Niphakis
- Department
of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research
Institute, 10550 North
Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Benjamin F. Cravatt
- Department
of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research
Institute, 10550 North
Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - John A. Porco
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development
(CMLD-BU), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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38
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Santagata S, Mendillo ML, Tang YC, Subramanian A, Perley CC, Roche SP, Wong B, Narayan R, Kwon H, Koeva M, Amon A, Golub TR, Porco JA, Whitesell L, Lindquist S. Tight coordination of protein translation and HSF1 activation supports the anabolic malignant state. Science 2013; 341:1238303. [PMID: 23869022 PMCID: PMC3959726 DOI: 10.1126/science.1238303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ribosome is centrally situated to sense metabolic states, but whether its activity, in turn, coherently rewires transcriptional responses is unknown. Here, through integrated chemical-genetic analyses, we found that a dominant transcriptional effect of blocking protein translation in cancer cells was inactivation of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), a multifaceted transcriptional regulator of the heat-shock response and many other cellular processes essential for anabolic metabolism, cellular proliferation, and tumorigenesis. These analyses linked translational flux to the regulation of HSF1 transcriptional activity and to the modulation of energy metabolism. Targeting this link with translation initiation inhibitors such as rocaglates deprived cancer cells of their energy and chaperone armamentarium and selectively impaired the proliferation of both malignant and premalignant cells with early-stage oncogenic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Santagata
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Marc L. Mendillo
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yun-chi Tang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Casey C. Perley
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stéphane P. Roche
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development (CMLD-BU), Boston University, Boston MA, USA
| | - Bang Wong
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rajiv Narayan
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hyoungtae Kwon
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Martina Koeva
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Angelika Amon
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Todd R. Golub
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - John A. Porco
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development (CMLD-BU), Boston University, Boston MA, USA
| | - Luke Whitesell
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Susan Lindquist
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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39
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Cencic R, Pelletier J. Throwing a monkey wrench in the motor: targeting DExH/D box proteins with small molecule inhibitors. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2013; 1829:894-903. [PMID: 23385390 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2013.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
DExH/D box proteins are molecular motors that utilize the energy derived from NTP hydrolysis to perform work - from helicases that remodel RNA to RNPases that alter RNA-protein complexes. Members of this class of proteins are uniquely placed along the RNA information highway to regulate the flow of genetic information. They have been implicated in a number of nodal points encompassing nuclear, cytoplasmic, and organellar RNA-based processes. The identification and characterization of three unique natural products that selectively inhibit the activity of eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF)4A (DDX2) has provided proof-of-principle that the activity of DExH/D box family members can be selectively targeted. Extending these achievements to other DExH/D box proteins is an important future challenge for drugging this family of proteins. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: The Biology of RNA helicases - Modulation for life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Cencic
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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40
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Protti S, Mezzetti A. Any colour you like. Excited state and ground state proton transfer in flavonols and applications. PHOTOCHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849734882-00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The photoinduced and ground state proton transfer processes occurring in flavonols are responsible for their multi-wavelength emission. This peculiar behavior has touched on a wide range of research areas, ranging from biology to chemistry of materials leading, among others, to the development of fluorescent probes for physical and biophysical parameters, laser dyes, and wavelentgh shifting devices. This account aims to be a brief introduction to the multi-faceted applications of flavonols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Protti
- PhotoGreen Lab Department of Chemistry University of Pavia, V.Le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Alberto Mezzetti
- Laboratoire de Photocatalyse et BiohydrogèneSB2SM, CNRS URA 2096, CEA-Saclay, DSV/iBiTecS, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette cedexFrance
- Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman UMR CNRS 8516Université de Sciences et Technologies de Lille, Bat. C5, Cité Scientifique, 59655, Villeneuve d’AscqFrance
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41
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Ribeiro N, Thuaud F, Bernard Y, Gaiddon C, Cresteil T, Hild A, Hirsch EC, Michel PP, Nebigil CG, Désaubry L. Flavaglines as Potent Anticancer and Cytoprotective Agents. J Med Chem 2012; 55:10064-73. [DOI: 10.1021/jm301201z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nigel Ribeiro
- Therapeutic Innovation Laboratory,
UMR7200, CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Frédéric Thuaud
- Therapeutic Innovation Laboratory,
UMR7200, CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Yohann Bernard
- Biotechnology and Cell Signaling
Laboratory, UMR 7242, CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch,
France
| | - Christian Gaiddon
- Molecular Signaling and Neurodegeneration,
UMRS692, INSERM/Université de Strasbourg, France
| | - Thierry Cresteil
- Institut de Chimie des Substances
Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Audrey Hild
- Université Pierre et
Marie Curie-Paris 6, CR-ICM, UMR-S975, Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR 975, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France
| | - Etienne C. Hirsch
- Université Pierre et
Marie Curie-Paris 6, CR-ICM, UMR-S975, Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR 975, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Pierre Michel
- Université Pierre et
Marie Curie-Paris 6, CR-ICM, UMR-S975, Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR 975, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France
| | - Canan G. Nebigil
- Biotechnology and Cell Signaling
Laboratory, UMR 7242, CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch,
France
| | - Laurent Désaubry
- Therapeutic Innovation Laboratory,
UMR7200, CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
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42
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Liu T, Nair SJ, Lescarbeau A, Belani J, Peluso S, Conley J, Tillotson B, O'Hearn P, Smith S, Slocum K, West K, Helble J, Douglas M, Bahadoor A, Ali J, McGovern K, Fritz C, Palombella VJ, Wylie A, Castro AC, Tremblay MR. Synthetic silvestrol analogues as potent and selective protein synthesis inhibitors. J Med Chem 2012; 55:8859-78. [PMID: 23025805 DOI: 10.1021/jm3011542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Misregulation of protein translation plays a critical role in human cancer pathogenesis at many levels. Silvestrol, a cyclopenta[b]benzofuran natural product, blocks translation at the initiation step by interfering with assembly of the eIF4F translation complex. Silvestrol has a complex chemical structure whose functional group requirements have not been systematically investigated. Moreover, silvestrol has limited development potential due to poor druglike properties. Herein, we sought to develop a practical synthesis of key intermediates of silvestrol and explore structure-activity relationships around the C6 position. The ability of silvestrol and analogues to selectively inhibit the translation of proteins with high requirement on the translation-initiation machinery (i.e., complex 5'-untranslated region UTR) relative to simple 5'UTR was determined by a cellular reporter assay. Simplified analogues of silvestrol such as compounds 74 and 76 were shown to have similar cytotoxic potency and better ADME characteristics relative to those of silvestrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Infinity Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 780 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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43
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Chambers JM, Huang DCS, Lindqvist LM, Savage GP, White JM, Rizzacasa MA. Total synthesis of 2''',5'''-diepisilvestrol and its C1''' epimer: key structure activity relationships at C1''' and C2'''. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012; 75:1500-1504. [PMID: 22817615 DOI: 10.1021/np300376f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The first total synthesis of the low-abundance natural product 2''',5'''-diepisilvestrol (4) is described. The key step involved a Mitsunobu coupling between cyclopenta[b]benzofuran phenol 7 and dioxane lactol 6. Deprotection then gave a 1:2.6 ratio of natural product 2''',5'''-diepisilvestrol (4) and its C1 epimer 1''',2''',5'''-triepisilvestrol (15) in 50% overall yield. An in vitro protein translation inhibition assay showed that 2''',5'''-diepisilvestrol (4) was considerably less active than episilvestrol (2), while the unnatural isomer 1''',2''',5'''-triepisilvestrol (15) was essentially inactive, showing that the configuration at C1''' and C2''' has a large effect on the biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Chambers
- School of Chemistry, The Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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44
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Lajkiewicz NJ, Roche SP, Gerard B, Porco JA. Enantioselective photocycloaddition of 3-hydroxyflavones: total syntheses and absolute configuration assignments of (+)-ponapensin and (+)-elliptifoline. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:13108-13. [PMID: 22804454 PMCID: PMC3529213 DOI: 10.1021/ja305342f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported development of biomimetic, asymmetric [3 + 2] photocycloadditions between 3-hydroxyflavones and cinnamate dipolarophiles to access (-)-rocaglamide and related natural products. Herein, we describe enantioselective syntheses of aglain cycloadducts leading to the first total syntheses and absolute configuration assignments of the aglain natural products (+)-ponapensin and (+)-elliptifoline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil J. Lajkiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development (CMLD-BU), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | | | | | - John A. Porco
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development (CMLD-BU), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States
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45
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Vallakati R, May JA. Biomimetic synthesis of the antimalarial flindersial alkaloids. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:6936-9. [PMID: 22489830 DOI: 10.1021/ja301387k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A biomimetic strategy for the synthesis of the antimalarial flindersial alkaloids is described. Flinderoles A, B, and C, desmethylflinderole C, isoborreverine, and dimethylisoborreverine were all synthesized in three steps from tryptamine. The key step is an acid-promoted dimerization of the natural product borrerine. This approach is thought to mirror the biosynthesis of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravikrishna Vallakati
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 136 Fleming Building, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, USA
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46
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Abstract
Protein synthesis is a complex, tightly regulated process in eukaryotic cells and its deregulation is a hallmark of many cancers. Translational control occurs primarily at the rate-limiting initiation step, where ribosomal subunits are recruited to template mRNAs through the concerted action of several eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs). One factor that interacts with both the mRNA and ribosomes, and appears limiting for translation is eIF4F, a complex composed of the cap-binding protein, eIF4E; the scaffold protein, eIF4G; and the ATP-dependent DEAD-box helicase, eIF4A. eIF4E appears to play an important role in tumor initiation and progression since its overexpression can cooperate with oncogenes to accelerate transformation in cell lines and animal models, and its levels are elevated in many human cancers. This, therefore, represents a vulnerability for transformed cells, and presents an opportunity for therapeutic intervention. In this review, we discuss approaches for targeting eIF4F activity.
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47
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Abstract
A defining feature of many cancers is deregulated translational control. Typically, this occurs at the level of recruitment of the 40S ribosomes to the 5'-cap of cellular messenger RNAs (mRNAs), the rate-limiting step of protein synthesis, which is controlled by the heterotrimeric eukaryotic initiation complex eIF4F. Thus, eIF4F in particular, and translation initiation in general, represent an exploitable vulnerability and unique opportunity for therapeutic intervention in many transformed cells. In this article, we discuss the development, mode of action and biological activity of a number of small-molecule inhibitors that interrupt PI3K/mTOR signaling control of eIF4F assembly, as well as compounds that more directly block eIF4F activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abba Malina
- Department of Biochemistry and McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada
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Malona JA, Cariou K, Spencer WT, Frontier AJ. Total synthesis of (±)-rocaglamide via oxidation-initiated Nazarov cyclization. J Org Chem 2012; 77:1891-908. [PMID: 22283818 DOI: 10.1021/jo202366c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the evolution of a Nazarov cyclization-based synthetic strategy targeting the anticancer, antiinflammatory, and insecticidal natural product (±)-rocaglamide. Initial pursuit of a polarized heteroaromatic Nazarov cyclization to construct the congested cyclopentane core revealed an unanticipated electronic bias in the pentadienyl cation. This reactivity was harnessed in a successful second-generation approach using an oxidation-initiated Nazarov cyclization of a heteroaryl alkoxyallene. Full details of these two approaches are given, as well as the characterization of undesired reaction pathways available to the Nazarov cyclization product. A sequence of experiments that led to an understanding of the unexpected reactivity of this key intermediate is described, which culminated in the successful total synthesis of (+)-rocaglamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Malona
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
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Rodrigo CM, Cencic R, Roche SP, Pelletier J, Porco JA. Synthesis of rocaglamide hydroxamates and related compounds as eukaryotic translation inhibitors: synthetic and biological studies. J Med Chem 2011; 55:558-62. [PMID: 22128783 DOI: 10.1021/jm201263k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The rocaglates/rocaglamides are a class of natural products known to display potent anticancer activity. One such derivative, silvestrol, has shown activity comparable to taxol in certain settings. Here, we report the synthesis of various rocaglamide analogues and identification of a hydroxamate derivative (-)-9 having activity similar to silvestrol in vitro and ex vivo for inhibition of protein synthesis. We also show that (-)-9 synergizes with doxorubicin in vivo to reduce Eμ-Myc driven lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Rodrigo
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development (CMLD-BU), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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Ribeiro N, Thuaud F, Nebigil C, Désaubry L. Recent advances in the biology and chemistry of the flavaglines. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 20:1857-64. [PMID: 22071525 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Revised: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 10/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The flavaglines are a family of plant natural products that induce potent anticancer and neuroprotective activities. This review summarizes recent synthetic approaches to flavaglines and the current status of their pharmacological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel Ribeiro
- Therapeutic Innovation Laboratory, UMR 7200, CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, 67401 Illkirch, France
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