1
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Dinh T, Tber Z, Rey JS, Mengshetti S, Annamalai AS, Haney R, Briganti L, Amblard F, Fuchs JR, Cherepanov P, Kim K, Schinazi RF, Perilla JR, Kim B, Kvaratskhelia M. The structural and mechanistic bases for the viral resistance to allosteric HIV-1 integrase inhibitor pirmitegravir. bioRxiv 2024:2024.01.26.577387. [PMID: 38328097 PMCID: PMC10849636 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.26.577387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Allosteric HIV-1 integrase (IN) inhibitors (ALLINIs) are investigational antiretroviral agents which potently impair virion maturation by inducing hyper-multimerization of IN and inhibiting its interaction with viral genomic RNA. The pyrrolopyridine-based ALLINI pirmitegravir (PIR) has recently advanced into Phase 2a clinical trials. Previous cell culture based viral breakthrough assays identified the HIV-1(Y99H/A128T IN) variant that confers substantial resistance to this inhibitor. Here, we have elucidated the unexpected mechanism of viral resistance to PIR. While both Tyr99 and Ala128 are positioned within the inhibitor binding V-shaped cavity at the IN catalytic core domain (CCD) dimer interface, the Y99H/A128T IN mutations did not substantially affect direct binding of PIR to the CCD dimer or functional oligomerization of full-length IN. Instead, the drug-resistant mutations introduced a steric hindrance at the inhibitor mediated interface between CCD and C-terminal domain (CTD) and compromised CTD binding to the CCDY99H/A128T + PIR complex. Consequently, full-length INY99H/A128T was substantially less susceptible to the PIR induced hyper-multimerization than the WT protein, and HIV-1(Y99H/A128T IN) conferred >150-fold resistance to the inhibitor compared to the WT virus. By rationally modifying PIR we have developed its analog EKC110, which readily induced hyper-multimerization of INY99H/A128T in vitro and was ~14-fold more potent against HIV-1(Y99H/A128T IN) than the parent inhibitor. These findings suggest a path for developing improved PIR chemotypes with a higher barrier to resistance for their potential clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung Dinh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Zahira Tber
- Center for ViroScience and Cure, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Juan S Rey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Seema Mengshetti
- Center for ViroScience and Cure, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Arun S Annamalai
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Reed Haney
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Lorenzo Briganti
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Franck Amblard
- Center for ViroScience and Cure, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - James R Fuchs
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Peter Cherepanov
- Chromatin Structure & Mobile DNA Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Raymond F Schinazi
- Center for ViroScience and Cure, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Juan R Perilla
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Baek Kim
- Center for ViroScience and Cure, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mamuka Kvaratskhelia
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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2
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Mukherjee D, Chakraborty S, Bercz L, D’Alesio L, Wedig J, Torok MA, Pfau T, Lathrop H, Jasani S, Guenther A, McGue J, Adu-Ampratwum D, Fuchs JR, Frankel TL, Pietrzak M, Culp S, Strohecker AM, Skardal A, Mace TA. Tomatidine targets ATF4-dependent signaling and induces ferroptosis to limit pancreatic cancer progression. iScience 2023; 26:107408. [PMID: 37554459 PMCID: PMC10405072 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer with high metastasis and therapeutic resistance. Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), a master regulator of cellular stress, is exploited by cancer cells to survive. Prior research and data reported provide evidence that high ATF4 expression correlates with worse overall survival in PDAC. Tomatidine, a natural steroidal alkaloid, is associated with inhibition of ATF4 signaling in multiple diseases. Here, we discovered that in vitro and in vivo tomatidine treatment of PDAC cells inhibits tumor growth. Tomatidine inhibited nuclear translocation of ATF4 and reduced the transcriptional binding of ATF4 with downstream promoters. Tomatidine enhanced gemcitabine chemosensitivity in 3D ECM-hydrogels and in vivo. Tomatidine treatment was associated with induction of ferroptosis signaling validated by increased lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial biogenesis, and decreased GPX4 expression in PDAC cells. This study highlights a possible therapeutic approach utilizing a plant-derived metabolite, tomatidine, to target ATF4 activity in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasmita Mukherjee
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Srija Chakraborty
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Lena Bercz
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Liliana D’Alesio
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jessica Wedig
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Molly A. Torok
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Timothy Pfau
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hannah Lathrop
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Shrina Jasani
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Abigail Guenther
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jake McGue
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Daniel Adu-Ampratwum
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - James R. Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | | - Maciej Pietrzak
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Stacey Culp
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Anne M. Strohecker
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Aleksander Skardal
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Thomas A. Mace
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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3
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Mize BK, Salvi A, Ren Y, Burdette JE, Fuchs JR. Discovery and development of botanical natural products and their analogues as therapeutics for ovarian cancer. Nat Prod Rep 2023; 40:1250-1270. [PMID: 37387219 PMCID: PMC10448539 DOI: 10.1039/d2np00091a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2015 through the end of July 2022Ovarian cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting the female reproductive organs and has the highest mortality rate among gynecological cancers. Although botanical drugs and their derivatives, namely members of the taxane and camptothecin families, represent significant therapeutics currently available for the treatment of ovarian cancer, new drugs that have alternative mechanisms of action are still needed to combat the disease. For this reason, many efforts to identify additional novel compounds from botanical sources, along with the further development of existing therapeutics, have continued to appear in the literature. This review is designed to serve as a comprehensive look at both the currently available small-molecule therapeutic options and the recently reported botanically-derived natural products currently being studied and developed as potential future therapeutics that could one day be used against ovarian cancer. Specifically, key properties, structural features, and biological data are highlighted that are important for the successful development of potential agents. Recently reported examples are specifically discussed in the context of "drug discovery attributes," including the presence of structure-activity relationship, mechanism of action, toxicity, and pharmacokinetic studies, to help indicate the potential for future development and to highlight where these compounds currently exist in the development process. The lessons learned from both the successful development of the taxanes and camptothecins, as well as the strategies currently being employed for new drug development, are expected to ultimately help guide the future development of botanical natural products for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney K Mize
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
| | - Amrita Salvi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yulin Ren
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - James R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
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4
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Ayinde O, Sharpe C, Stahl E, Tokarski RJ, Lerma JR, Muthusamy N, Byrd JC, Fuchs JR. Examination of the Impact of Triazole Position within Linkers on Solubility and Lipophilicity of a CDK9 Degrader Series. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:936-942. [PMID: 37465296 PMCID: PMC10351057 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Optimization of degrader properties is often a challenge due to their beyond-rule-of-5 nature. Given the paucity of known E3 ligases and the often-limited choice of ligands with varied chemical structures for a given protein target, degrader linkers represent the best position within the chimeric molecules to modify their overall physicochemical properties. In this work, a series of AT7519-based CDK9 degraders was assembled using click chemistry, facilitating the tuning of aqueous solubility and lipophilicity while retaining their linker type and molecular weight. Using chromatographic logD and kinetic solubility experiments, we show that degraders with similar chemical constitution but varied position of the embedded triazole demonstrate different lipophilicity and aqueous solubility properties. Overall, this work highlights the impact of triazole placement on linker composition through application of click chemistry for degrader synthesis and its ability to be used to promote the achievement of favorable physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatosin
R. Ayinde
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Chia Sharpe
- Department
of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Ohio 45267, United States
| | - Emily Stahl
- Division
of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Robert J. Tokarski
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - James R. Lerma
- Department
of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Ohio 45267, United States
| | - Natarajan Muthusamy
- Division
of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- The
Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus Ohio 43210, United States
| | - John C. Byrd
- Department
of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Ohio 45267, United States
- University
of Cincinnati Cancer Center, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Ohio 45267, United States
| | - James R. Fuchs
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- The
Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus Ohio 43210, United States
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5
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Kaweesa EN, Bazioli JM, Pierre HC, Lantvit DD, Kulp SK, Hill KL, Phelps MA, Coss CC, Fuchs JR, Pearce CJ, Oberlies NH, Burdette JE. Exploration of Verticillins in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer and Evaluation of Multiple Formulations in Preclinical In Vitro and In Vivo Models. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:3049-3059. [PMID: 37155928 PMCID: PMC10405366 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Verticillins are epipolythiodioxopiperazine alkaloids isolated from a fungus with nanomolar anti-tumor activity in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). HGSOC is the fifth leading cause of death in women, and natural products continue to be an inspiration for new drug entities to help tackle chemoresistance. Verticillin D was recently found in a new fungal strain and compared to verticillin A. Both compounds exhibited nanomolar cytotoxic activity against OVCAR4 and OVCAR8 HGSOC cell lines, significantly reduced 2D foci and 3D spheroids, and induced apoptosis. In addition, verticillin A and verticillin D reduced tumor burden in vivo using OVCAR8 xenografts in the peritoneal space as a model. Unfortunately, mice treated with verticillin D displayed signs of liver toxicity. Tolerability studies to optimize verticillin A formulation for in vivo delivery were performed and compared to a semi-synthetic succinate version of verticillin A to monitor bioavailability in athymic nude females. Formulation of verticillins achieved tolerable drug delivery. Thus, formulation studies are effective at improving tolerability and demonstrating efficacy for verticillins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth N Kaweesa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Jaqueline M Bazioli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Herma C Pierre
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
| | - Daniel D Lantvit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Samuel K Kulp
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Kasey L Hill
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
| | - Mitch A Phelps
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
| | - Christopher C Coss
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
| | - James R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Cedric J Pearce
- Mycosynthetix, Inc., Hillsborough, North Carolina 27278, United States
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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6
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Chen Z, Ayinde OR, Fuchs JR, Sun H, Ning X. G 2Retro as a two-step graph generative models for retrosynthesis prediction. Commun Chem 2023; 6:102. [PMID: 37253928 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00897-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Retrosynthesis is a procedure where a target molecule is transformed into potential reactants and thus the synthesis routes can be identified. Recently, computational approaches have been developed to accelerate the design of synthesis routes. In this paper,we develop a generative framework G2Retro for one-step retrosynthesis prediction. G2Retro imitates the reversed logic of synthetic reactions. It first predicts the reaction centers in the target molecules (products), identifies the synthons needed to assemble the products, and transforms these synthons into reactants. G2Retro defines a comprehensive set of reaction center types, and learns from the molecular graphs of the products to predict potential reaction centers. To complete synthons into reactants, G2Retro considers all the involved synthon structures and the product structures to identify the optimal completion paths, and accordingly attaches small substructures sequentially to the synthons. Here we show that G2Retro is able to better predict the reactants for given products in the benchmark dataset than the state-of-the-art methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Chen
- Computer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Oluwatosin R Ayinde
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - James R Fuchs
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Huan Sun
- Computer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Translational Data Analytics Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Xia Ning
- Computer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Translational Data Analytics Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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7
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Tokarski RJ, Sharpe CM, Huntsman AC, Mize BK, Ayinde OR, Stahl EH, Lerma JR, Reed A, Carmichael B, Muthusamy N, Byrd JC, Fuchs JR. Bifunctional degraders of cyclin dependent kinase 9 (CDK9): Probing the relationship between linker length, properties, and selective protein degradation. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 254:115342. [PMID: 37071962 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) is a promising therapeutic target in multiple cancer types, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Protein degraders, also known as proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs), have emerged as tools for the selective degradation of cancer targets, including CDK9, complementing the activity of traditional small-molecule inhibitors. These compounds typically incorporate previously reported inhibitors and a known E3 ligase ligand to induce ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of the target protein. Although many protein degraders have been reported in the literature, the properties of the linker necessary for efficient degradation still require special attention. In this study, a series of protein degraders was developed, employing the clinically tested CDK inhibitor AT7519. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect that linker composition, specifically chain length, would have on potency. In addition to establishing a baseline of activity for various linker compositions, two distinct homologous series, a fully alkyl series and an amide-containing series, were prepared, demonstrating the dependence of degrader potency in these series on linker length and the correlation with predicted physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Tokarski
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
| | - Chia M Sharpe
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, United States
| | - Andrew C Huntsman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
| | - Brittney K Mize
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
| | - Oluwatosin R Ayinde
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
| | - Emily H Stahl
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
| | - James R Lerma
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, United States
| | - Andrew Reed
- CCIC Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
| | - Bridget Carmichael
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
| | - Natarajan Muthusamy
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
| | - John C Byrd
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, United States; University of Cincinnati Cancer Center, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, United States
| | - James R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States.
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8
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Helmy YA, Kathayat D, Closs G, Galgozy K, Fuchs JR, Rajashekara G. Efficacy of quorum sensing and growth inhibitors alone and in combination against avian pathogenic Escherichia coli infection in chickens. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102543. [PMID: 36863122 PMCID: PMC10011511 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC), a causative agent of colibacillosis, is associated with high mortality and morbidity which results in severe economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. APEC can be transmitted to humans through the consumption of contaminated poultry products. The limited effect of the current vaccines and the advent of drug-resistant strains have necessitated the development of alternative therapies. Previously, we identified 2 small molecules (SMs; [quorum sensing inhibitor; QSI-5] and [growth inhibitor; GI-7]) with high efficacy in vitro and in chickens subcutaneously challenged with APEC O78. Here, we optimized the oral challenge dose of APEC O78 in chickens to mimic the infection in the natural settings, evaluated the efficacy of the GI-7, QSI-5, and combination of GI-7 and QSI-5 (GI7+ QSI-5) in chickens orally infected with APEC, and compared their efficacy to sulfadimethoxine (SDM), an antibiotic currently used to treat APEC. Using the optimized dose of each SM in drinking water, GI-7, QSI-5, GI7+ QSI-5, and SDM were evaluated in chickens challenged with the optimized dose of APEC O78 (1 × 109 CFU/chicken; orally; d 2 of age) and grown on built-up floor litter. Reduction in mortality was 90, 80, 80, and 70% in QSI-5, GI-7+QSI-5, GI-7, and SDM treated groups compared to the positive control (PC), respectively. GI-7, QSI-5, GI-7+QSI-5, and SDM reduced the APEC load in the cecum by 2.2, 2.3, 1.6, and 0.6 logs and in the internal organs by 1.3, 1.2, 1.4, and 0.4 logs compared to PC (P < 0.05), respectively. The cumulative pathological lesions scores were 0.51, 0.24, 0.0, 0.53, and 1.53 in GI-7, QSI-5, GI-7+QSI-5, SDM, and PC groups, respectively. Overall, GI-7 and QSI-5 individually have promising effects as a potential antibiotic-independent approach to control APEC infections in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosra A Helmy
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Science, College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40546 KY, USA
| | - Dipak Kathayat
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Gary Closs
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Katie Galgozy
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - James R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Gireesh Rajashekara
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA.
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9
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Helmy YA, Kathayat D, Deblais L, Srivastava V, Closs G, Tokarski RJ, Ayinde O, Fuchs JR, Rajashekara G. Evaluation of Novel Quorum Sensing Inhibitors Targeting Auto-Inducer 2 (AI-2) for the Control of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli Infections in Chickens. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0028622. [PMID: 35583333 PMCID: PMC9241644 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00286-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) associated with colibacillosis results in high morbidity and mortality, and severe economic losses to the poultry industry. APEC is a zoonotic pathogen and can infect humans through contaminated poultry products. Vaccination and antibiotic treatment are currently used to control APEC infections; however, the limited effect of vaccines and the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains have necessitated the development of novel therapeutics. Here, we evaluated seven quorum sensing inhibitors (QSI) identified in our previous study, in APEC-infected chickens. QSIs were administered orally (~92 to 120 μg/bird) and chickens were challenged subcutaneously with APEC. Among them, QSI-5 conferred the best protection (100% reduction in mortality, 82% to 93% reduction in lesions [airsacculitis, perihepatitis, lung congestion, pericarditis] severity, and 5.2 to 6.1 logs reduction in APEC load). QSI-5 was further tested in chickens raised on built-up floor litter using an optimized dose (1 mg/L) in drinking water. QSI-5 reduced the mortality (88.4%), lesion severity (72.2%), and APEC load (2.8 logs) in chickens, which was better than the reduction observed with currently used antibiotic sulfadimethoxine (SDM; mortality 35.9%; lesion severity up to 36.9%; and APEC load up to 2.4 logs). QSI-5 was detected in chicken's blood after 0.5 h with no residues in muscle, liver, and kidney. QSI-5 increased the body weight gain with no effect on the feed conversion ratio and cecal microbiota of the chickens. Metabolomic studies revealed reduced levels of 5'-methylthioadenosine in QSI-5-treated chicken serum. In conclusion, QSI-5 displayed promising effects in chickens and thus, represents a novel anti-APEC therapeutic. IMPORTANCE Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), a subgroup of ExPEC, is a zoonotic pathogen with public health importance. Quorum sensing is a mechanism that regulates virulence, biofilm formation, and pathogenesis in bacteria. Here, we identified a novel quorum sensing autoinducer-2 inhibitor, QSI-5, which showed higher anti-APEC efficacy in chickens compared to the currently used antibiotic, sulfadimethoxine at a much lower dose (up to 4,500 times). QSI-5 is readily absorbed with no residues in the tissues. QSI-5 also increased the chicken's body weight gain and did not impact the cecal microbiota composition. Overall, QSI-5 represents a promising lead compound for developing novel anti-virulence therapies with significant implications for treating APEC infections in chickens as well as other ExPEC associated infections in humans. Further identification of its target(s) and understanding the mechanism of action of QSI-5 in APEC will add to the future novel drug development efforts that can overcome the antimicrobial resistance problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosra A. Helmy
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - Dipak Kathayat
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - Loic Deblais
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - Vishal Srivastava
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - Gary Closs
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - Robert J. Tokarski
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Oluwatosin Ayinde
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - James R. Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Gireesh Rajashekara
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA
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10
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Aldrich LN, Burdette JE, de Blanco EC, Coss CC, Eustaquio AS, Fuchs JR, Kinghorn AD, MacFarlane A, Mize B, Oberlies NH, Orjala J, Pearce CJ, Phelps MA, Rakotondraibe LH, Ren Y, Soejarto DD, Stockwell BR, Yalowich JC, Zhang X. Discovery of Anticancer Agents of Diverse Natural Origin. J Nat Prod 2022; 85:702-719. [PMID: 35213158 PMCID: PMC9034850 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Research progress from mainly over the last five years is described for a multidisciplinary collaborative program project directed toward the discovery of potential anticancer agents from a broad range of taxonomically defined organisms. Selected lead compounds with potential as new antitumor agents that are representative of considerable structural diversity have continued to be obtained from each of tropical plants, terrestrial and aquatic cyanobacteria, and filamentous fungi. Recently, a new focus has been on the investigation of the constituents of U.S. lichens and their fungal mycobionts. A medicinal chemistry and pharmacokinetics component of the project has optimized structurally selected lead natural products, leading to enhanced cytotoxic potencies against selected cancer cell lines. Biological testing has shown several compounds to have in vivo activity, and relevant preliminary structure-activity relationship and mechanism of action studies have been performed. Several promising lead compounds worthy of further investigation have been identified from the most recent collaborative work performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie N. Aldrich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Joanna E. Burdette
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | | | - Christopher C. Coss
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Alessandra S. Eustaquio
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - James R. Fuchs
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - A. Douglas Kinghorn
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Amanda MacFarlane
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Brittney Mize
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 24702, United States
| | - Jimmy Orjala
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Cedric J. Pearce
- Mycosynthetix, Inc., Hillsborough, North Carolina 27278, United States
| | - Mitch A. Phelps
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | | | - Yulin Ren
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Djaja Doel Soejarto
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois 60605, United States
| | - Brent R. Stockwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Jack C. Yalowich
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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11
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Adu-Ampratwum D, Pan Y, Koneru PC, Antwi J, Hoyte AC, Kessl J, Griffin PR, Kvaratskhelia M, Fuchs JR, Larue RC. Identification and Optimization of a Novel HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitor. ACS Omega 2022; 7:4482-4491. [PMID: 35155940 PMCID: PMC8829933 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) is the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). HIV-1, like all retroviruses, stably integrates its vDNA copy into host chromatin, a process allowing for permanent infection. This essential step for HIV-1 replication is catalyzed by viral integrase (IN) and aided by cellular protein LEDGF/p75. In addition, IN is also crucial for proper virion maturation as it interacts with the viral RNA genome to ensure encapsulation of ribonucleoprotein complexes within the protective capsid core. These key functions make IN an attractive target for the development of inhibitors with various mechanisms of action. We conducted a high-throughput screen (HTS) of ∼370,000 compounds using a homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence-based assay capable of capturing diverse inhibitors targeting multifunctional IN. Our approach revealed chemical scaffolds containing diketo acid moieties similar to IN strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) as well as novel compounds distinct from all current IN inhibitors including INSTIs and allosteric integrase inhibitors (ALLINIs). Specifically, our HTS resulted in the discovery of compound 12, with a novel IN inhibitor scaffold amenable for chemical modification. Its more potent derivative 14e similarly inhibited catalytic activities of WT and mutant INs containing archetypical INSTI- and ALLINI-derived resistant substitutions. Further SAR-based optimization resulted in compound 22 with an antiviral EC50 of ∼58 μM and a selectivity index of >8500. Thus, our studies identified a novel small-molecule scaffold for inhibiting HIV-1 IN, which provides a promising platform for future development of potent antiviral agents to complement current HIV-1 therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Adu-Ampratwum
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Yuhan Pan
- Division
of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Pratibha C. Koneru
- Division
of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Janet Antwi
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Ashley C. Hoyte
- Division
of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Jacques Kessl
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University
of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States
| | - Patrick R. Griffin
- Department
of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research
Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United
States
| | - Mamuka Kvaratskhelia
- Division
of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Division
of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - James R. Fuchs
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Ross C. Larue
- Division
of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Department
of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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12
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Salvi A, Young AN, Huntsman AC, Pergande MR, Korkmaz MA, Rathnayake RA, Mize BK, Kinghorn AD, Zhang X, Ratia K, Schirle M, Thomas JR, Brittain SM, Shelton C, Aldrich LN, Cologna SM, Fuchs JR, Burdette JE. PHY34 inhibits autophagy through V-ATPase V0A2 subunit inhibition and CAS/CSE1L nuclear cargo trafficking in high grade serous ovarian cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:45. [PMID: 35013112 PMCID: PMC8748433 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04495-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PHY34 is a synthetic small molecule, inspired by a compound naturally occurring in tropical plants of the Phyllanthus genus. PHY34 was developed to have potent in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity against high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) cells. Mechanistically, PHY34 induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells by late-stage autophagy inhibition. Furthermore, PHY34 significantly reduced tumor burden in a xenograft model of ovarian cancer. In order to identify its molecular target/s, we undertook an unbiased approach utilizing mass spectrometry-based chemoproteomics. Protein targets from the nucleocytoplasmic transport pathway were identified from the pulldown assay with the cellular apoptosis susceptibility (CAS) protein, also known as CSE1L, representing a likely candidate protein. A tumor microarray confirmed data from mRNA expression data in public databases that CAS expression was elevated in HGSOC and correlated with worse clinical outcomes. Overexpression of CAS reduced PHY34 induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells based on PARP cleavage and Annexin V staining. Compounds with a diphyllin structure similar to PHY34 have been shown to inhibit the ATP6V0A2 subunit of V(vacuolar)-ATPase. Therefore, ATP6V0A2 wild-type and ATP6V0A2 V823 mutant cell lines were tested with PHY34, and it was able to induce cell death in the wild-type at 246 pM while the mutant cells were resistant up to 55.46 nM. Overall, our data demonstrate that PHY34 is a promising small molecule for cancer therapy that targets the ATP6V0A2 subunit to induce autophagy inhibition while interacting with CAS and altering nuclear localization of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Salvi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Alexandria N Young
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Andrew C Huntsman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Melissa R Pergande
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Melissa A Korkmaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | | | - Brittney K Mize
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - A Douglas Kinghorn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Kiira Ratia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Markus Schirle
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Jason R Thomas
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Scott M Brittain
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Claude Shelton
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Leslie N Aldrich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Stephanie M Cologna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - James R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
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13
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Amrine CSM, Huntsman AC, Doyle MG, Burdette JE, Pearce CJ, Fuchs JR, Oberlies NH. Semisynthetic Derivatives of the Verticillin Class of Natural Products through Acylation of the C11 Hydroxy Group. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:625-630. [PMID: 33859802 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The verticillins, a class of epipolythiodioxopiperazine alkaloids (ETPs) first described 50 years ago with the discovery of verticillin A (1), have gained attention due to their potent activity against cancer cells, noted both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, the complex scaffold afforded through optimized fermentation was used as a feedstock for semisynthetic efforts designed to explore the reactivity of the C11 and C11' hydroxy substituents. Functionality introduced at these positions would be expected to impact not only the potency but also the pharmacokinetic properties of the resulting compound. With this in mind, verticillin H (2) was used as a starting material to generate nine semisynthetic analogues (4-12) containing a variety of ester, carbonate, carbamate, and sulfonate moieties. Likewise, verticillin A succinate (13) was synthesized from 1 to demonstrate the successful application of this strategy to other ETPs. The synthesized compounds and their corresponding starting materials (i.e., 1 and 2) were screened for activity against a panel of melanoma, breast, and ovarian cancer cell lines: MDA-MB-435, MDA-MB-231, and OVCAR3. All analogues retained IC50 values in the nanomolar range, comparable to, and in some cases more potent than, the parent compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiraz Soumia M. Amrine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
- Department of Physical Sciences, Arkansas Tech University, Russellville, Arkansas 72801, United States
| | - Andrew C. Huntsman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Michael G. Doyle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Joanna E. Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Cedric J. Pearce
- Mycosynthetix, Inc., 505 Meadowlands Drive, Suite 103, Hillsborough, North Carolina 27278, United States
| | - James R. Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
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14
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Zhang Y, Tan CY, Spjut RW, Fuchs JR, Kinghorn AD, Rakatondraibe LH. Specialized metabolites of the United States lichen Niebla homalea and their antiproliferative activities. Phytochemistry 2020; 180:112521. [PMID: 33099129 PMCID: PMC7970382 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Three undescribed stictanes, nieblastictanes A-C, two flavicanes, nieblaflavicanes A and B, together with three already reported stictanes, along with the known compounds (+)-usnic acid, sekikaic acid, divaricatic acid, and divaricatinic acid methyl ester were isolated from an ethyl acetate extract of the western North American lichen Niebla homalea. The structures of the new and known compounds were established by spectroscopic methods including nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and electronic circular dichroism. Among the compounds isolated, usnic acid exhibited moderately potent antiproliferative activities against the A2780 ovarian (IC50 3.8 μM) and MCF-7 breast cancer (IC50 6.8 μM) cell lines. A plausible mode of formation of the chlorine-containing compound nieblastictane C is provided and the contribution of the isolated compounds to the chemotaxonomy of United States lichen species of the genus Niebla is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Choon Yong Tan
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Richard W Spjut
- World Botanical Associates, P.O. Box 81145, Bakersfield, CA, 93380, USA
| | - James R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - A Douglas Kinghorn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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15
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Haque A, Rahman MA, Fuchs JR, Chen Z, Khuri FR, Shin DM, Amin ARMR. Corrigendum to "FLLL12 induces apoptosis in lung cancer cells through a p53/p73-independent but death receptor 5-dependent pathway" [Canc. Lett. 363 (2015) 166-175]. Cancer Lett 2020; 498:249-250. [PMID: 33092912 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abedul Haque
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Mohammad Aminur Rahman
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - James R Fuchs
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Fadlo R Khuri
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Dong M Shin
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - A R M Ruhul Amin
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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16
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Bester SM, Wei G, Zhao H, Adu-Ampratwum D, Iqbal N, Courouble VV, Francis AC, Annamalai AS, Singh PK, Shkriabai N, Van Blerkom P, Morrison J, Poeschla EM, Engelman AN, Melikyan GB, Griffin PR, Fuchs JR, Asturias FJ, Kvaratskhelia M. Structural and mechanistic bases for a potent HIV-1 capsid inhibitor. Science 2020; 370:360-364. [PMID: 33060363 PMCID: PMC7831379 DOI: 10.1126/science.abb4808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The potent HIV-1 capsid inhibitor GS-6207 is an investigational principal component of long-acting antiretroviral therapy. We found that GS-6207 inhibits HIV-1 by stabilizing and thereby preventing functional disassembly of the capsid shell in infected cells. X-ray crystallography, cryo-electron microscopy, and hydrogen-deuterium exchange experiments revealed that GS-6207 tightly binds two adjoining capsid subunits and promotes distal intra- and inter-hexamer interactions that stabilize the curved capsid lattice. In addition, GS-6207 interferes with capsid binding to the cellular HIV-1 cofactors Nup153 and CPSF6 that mediate viral nuclear import and direct integration into gene-rich regions of chromatin. These findings elucidate structural insights into the multimodal, potent antiviral activity of GS-6207 and provide a means for rationally developing second-generation therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Bester
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Guochao Wei
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Haiyan Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Daniel Adu-Ampratwum
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Naseer Iqbal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Valentine V Courouble
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Ashwanth C Francis
- Department of Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Arun S Annamalai
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Parmit K Singh
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nikoloz Shkriabai
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Peter Van Blerkom
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - James Morrison
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Eric M Poeschla
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Alan N Engelman
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gregory B Melikyan
- Department of Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Patrick R Griffin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - James R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Francisco J Asturias
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Mamuka Kvaratskhelia
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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17
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Varikuti S, Shelton B, Kotha SR, Gurney T, Gupta G, Fuchs JR, Kinghorn D, Srivastava N, Satoskar AR, Parinandi NL. Pentalinonsterol exhibits the immunomodulatory action in macrophages through activation of Phospholipase A
2. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.06795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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18
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May DS, Crnkovic CM, Krunic A, Wilson TA, Fuchs JR, Orjala JE. 15N Stable Isotope Labeling and Comparative Metabolomics Facilitates Genome Mining in Cultured Cyanobacteria. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:758-765. [PMID: 32083834 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
As genome mining becomes a more widely used approach to identify bacterial natural products, the challenge of matching biosynthetic gene clusters to their cognate secondary metabolites has become more apparent. Bioinformatic platforms such as AntiSMASH have made great progress in predicting chemical structures from genetic information, however the predicted structures are often incomplete. This complicates identifying the predicted compounds by mass spectrometry. Secondary metabolites produced by cyanobacteria represent a unique opportunity for bridging this gap. Cultured cyanobacteria incorporate inorganic nitrogen provided in chemically defined media into all nitrogen-containing secondary metabolites. Thus, stable isotope labeling with 15N labeled nitrate and subsequent comparative metabolomics can be used to match biosynthetic gene clusters to their cognate compounds in cell extracts. Analysis of the sequenced genome of Nostoc sp. UIC 10630 identified six biosynthetic gene clusters predicted to encode the production of a secondary metabolite with at least one nitrogen atom. Comparative metabolomic analysis of the 15N labeled and unlabeled cell extracts revealed four nitrogen containing compounds that contained the same number of nitrogen atoms as were predicted in the biosynthetic gene clusters. Two of the four compounds were new secondary metabolites, and their structures were elucidated by NMR, HRESIMS, and MS/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S. May
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Camila M. Crnkovic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, Federal District 70040-020, Brazil
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Aleksej Krunic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Tyler A. Wilson
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - James R. Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Jimmy E. Orjala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
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Young AN, Kurina S, Huntsman A, Rathnayake RA, Korkmaz M, Kinghorn AD, Aldrich L, Cologna S, Fuchs JR, Burdette JE. Abstract NT-119: TARGET DISCOVERY OF NATURAL PRODUCT INSPIRED PHYLLANTHUSMINS FOR TREATMENT OF HIGH GRADE SEROUS OVARIAN CANCER. Clin Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1557-3265.ovcasymp18-nt-119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND: High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is a lethal gynecological malignancy with a need for new therapeutic agents. Many of the most widely used chemotherapeutic drugs are either derived from or are semi-synthetic derivatives of natural products. We developed potent synthetic analogs (PHYs) of the phyllanthusmin class inspired by prior natural product isolated from Phyllanthus poilanei Beille.
MATERIALS & METHODS: HGSOC cell lines, OVCAR3 and OVCAR8, and non-tumorigenic controls, IOSE80 and FT33, were used in this study. Cytotoxicity assays included sulforhodamine B assay, and annexin X/PI staining and Western blotting for confirmation of apoptosis induction. A photo affinity labeling method was used to attach PHY analogs to solid phase support. Targets were isolated using a pulldown technique and mass spectrometry. CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing was used to knockout and confirm putative targets.
RESULTS: The most potent analog, PHY34, has nanomolar potency in HGSOC cell lines in vitro and displayed cytotoxic activity through late-stage autophagy inhibition and activation of apoptosis. PHY34 was readily bioavailable through intraperitoneal administration in vivo where it significantly reduced HGSOC tumor burden. Targets were identified using photo affinity labeling-aided protein pulldown and mass spectrometry, and confirmed by generating knockout cell lines of targets.
CONCLUSIONS: This class of compounds holds promise as a potential, novel chemotherapeutic approach and demonstrates the effectiveness of pleiotropically targeting autophagy and apoptosis as a viable strategy for combating high grade serous ovarian cancer.
Citation Format: Alexandria N. Young, Steven Kurina, Andrew Huntsman, Rathnayake A. Rathnayake, Melissa Korkmaz, A. Douglas Kinghorn, Leslie Aldrich, Stephanie Cologna, James R. Fuchs, Joanna E. Burdette. TARGET DISCOVERY OF NATURAL PRODUCT INSPIRED PHYLLANTHUSMINS FOR TREATMENT OF HIGH GRADE SEROUS OVARIAN CANCER [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 12th Biennial Ovarian Cancer Research Symposium; Sep 13-15, 2018; Seattle, WA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2019;25(22 Suppl):Abstract nr NT-119.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria N. Young
- 1Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Steven Kurina
- 1Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Andrew Huntsman
- 2Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | | | - Melissa Korkmaz
- 3Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - A. Douglas Kinghorn
- 2Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Leslie Aldrich
- 3Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Stephanie Cologna
- 3Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - James R. Fuchs
- 2Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Joanna E. Burdette
- 1Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
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20
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Abstract
Target fishing is the process of identifying the protein target of a bioactive small molecule. To do so experimentally requires a significant investment of time and resources, which can be expedited with a reliable computational target fishing model. The development of computational target fishing models using machine learning has become very popular over the last several years because of the increased availability of large amounts of public bioactivity data. Unfortunately, the applicability and performance of such models for natural products has not yet been comprehensively assessed. This is, in part, due to the relative lack of bioactivity data available for natural products compared to synthetic compounds. Moreover, the databases commonly used to train such models do not annotate which compounds are natural products, which makes the collection of a benchmarking set difficult. To address this knowledge gap, a data set composed of natural product structures and their associated protein targets was generated by cross-referencing 20 publicly available natural product databases with the bioactivity database ChEMBL. This data set contains 5589 compound-target pairs for 1943 unique compounds and 1023 unique targets. A synthetic data set comprising 107 190 compound-target pairs for 88 728 unique compounds and 1907 unique targets was used to train k-nearest neighbors, random forest, and multilayer perceptron models. The predictive performance of each model was assessed by stratified 10-fold cross-validation and benchmarking on the newly collected natural product data set. Strong performance was observed for each model during cross-validation with area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) scores ranging from 0.94 to 0.99 and Boltzmann-enhanced discrimination of receiver operating characteristic (BEDROC) scores from 0.89 to 0.94. When tested on the natural product data set, performance dramatically decreased with AUROC scores ranging from 0.70 to 0.85 and BEDROC scores from 0.43 to 0.59. However, the implementation of a model stacking approach, which uses logistic regression as a meta-classifier to combine model predictions, dramatically improved the ability to correctly predict the protein targets of natural products and increased the AUROC score to 0.94 and BEDROC score to 0.73. This stacked model was deployed as a web application, called STarFish, and has been made available for use to aid in target identification for natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas T Cockroft
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States
| | - Xiaolin Cheng
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States
| | - James R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States
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21
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Zahid MSH, Johnson MM, Tokarski RJ, Satoskar AR, Fuchs JR, Bachelder EM, Ainslie KM. Evaluation of synergy between host and pathogen-directed therapies against intracellular Leishmania donovani. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2019; 10:125-132. [PMID: 31493763 PMCID: PMC6731340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is associated with treatment complications due to the continued growth of resistant parasites toward currently available pathogen-directed therapeutics. To limit the emergence and combat resistant parasites there is a need to develop new anti-leishmanial drugs and alternative treatment approaches, such as host-directed therapeutics (HDTs). Discovery of new anti-leishmanial drugs including HDTs requires suitable in vitro assay systems. Herein, we modified and evaluated a series of resazurin assays against different life-stages of the VL causing parasite, Leishmania donovani to identify novel HDTs. We further analyzed the synergy of combinatorial interactions between traditionally used pathogen-directed drugs and HDTs for clearance of intracellular L. donovani. The inhibitory concentration at 50% (IC50) of the five evaluated therapies [amphotericin B (AMB), miltefosine, paromomycin, DNER-4, and AR-12 (OSU-03012)] was determined against promastigotes, extracellular amastigotes, and intracellular amastigotes of L. donovani via a resazurin-based assay and compared to image-based microscopy. Using the resazurin-based assay, all evaluated therapies showed reproducible anti-leishmanial activity against the parasite's different life-stages. These results were consistent to the traditional image-based technique. The gold standard of therapy, AMB, showed the highest potency against intracellular L. donovani, and was further evaluated for combinatorial effects with the HDTs. Among the combinations analyzed, pathogen-directed AMB and host-directed AR-12 showed a synergistic reduction of intracellular L. donovani compared to individual treatments. The modified resazurin assay used in this study demonstrated a useful technique to measure new anti-leishmanial drugs against both intracellular and extracellular parasites. The synergistic interactions between pathogen-directed AMB and host-directed AR-12 showed a great promise to combat VL, with the potential to reduce the emergence of drug-resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shamim Hasan Zahid
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Monica M Johnson
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Robert J Tokarski
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Abhay R Satoskar
- Department of Pathology, Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - James R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Eric M Bachelder
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Kristy M Ainslie
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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22
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Koneru PC, Francis AC, Deng N, Rebensburg SV, Hoyte AC, Lindenberger J, Adu-Ampratwum D, Larue RC, Wempe MF, Engelman AN, Lyumkis D, Fuchs JR, Levy RM, Melikyan GB, Kvaratskhelia M. HIV-1 integrase tetramers are the antiviral target of pyridine-based allosteric integrase inhibitors. eLife 2019; 8:46344. [PMID: 31120420 PMCID: PMC6581505 DOI: 10.7554/elife.46344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Allosteric HIV-1 integrase (IN) inhibitors (ALLINIs) are a promising new class of antiretroviral agents that disrupt proper viral maturation by inducing hyper-multimerization of IN. Here we show that lead pyridine-based ALLINI KF116 exhibits striking selectivity for IN tetramers versus lower order protein oligomers. IN structural features that are essential for its functional tetramerization and HIV-1 replication are also critically important for KF116 mediated higher-order IN multimerization. Live cell imaging of single viral particles revealed that KF116 treatment during virion production compromises the tight association of IN with capsid cores during subsequent infection of target cells. We have synthesized the highly active (-)-KF116 enantiomer, which displayed EC50 of ~7 nM against wild type HIV-1 and ~10 fold higher, sub-nM activity against a clinically relevant dolutegravir resistant mutant virus suggesting potential clinical benefits for complementing dolutegravir therapy with pyridine-based ALLINIs. HIV-1 inserts its genetic code into human genomes, turning healthy cells into virus factories. To do this, the virus uses an enzyme called integrase. Front-line treatments against HIV-1 called “integrase strand-transfer inhibitors” stop this enzyme from working. These inhibitors have helped to revolutionize the treatment of HIV/AIDS by protecting the cells from new infections. But, the emergence of drug resistance remains a serious problem. As the virus evolves, it changes the shape of its integrase protein, substantially reducing the effectiveness of the current therapies. One way to overcome this problem is to develop other therapies that can kill the drug resistant viruses by targeting different parts of the integrase protein. It should be much harder for the virus to evolve the right combination of changes to escape two or more treatments at once. A promising class of new compounds are “allosteric integrase inhibitors”. These chemical compounds target a part of the integrase enzyme that the other treatments do not yet reach. Rather than stopping the integrase enzyme from inserting the viral code into the human genome, the new inhibitors make integrase proteins clump together and prevent the formation of infectious viruses. At the moment, these compounds are still experimental. Before they are ready for use in people, researchers need to better understand how they work, and there are several open questions to answer. Integrase proteins work in groups of four and it is not clear how the new compounds make the integrases form large clumps, or what this does to the virus. Understanding this should allow scientists to develop improved versions of the drugs. To answer these questions, Koneru et al. first examined two of the new compounds. A combination of molecular analysis and computer modelling revealed how they work. The compounds link many separate groups of four integrases with each other to form larger and larger clumps, essentially a snowball effect. Live images of infected cells showed that the clumps of integrase get stuck outside of the virus’s protective casing. This leaves them exposed, allowing the cell to destroy the integrase enzymes. Koneru et al. also made a new compound, called (-)-KF116. Not only was this compound able to tackle normal HIV-1, it could block viruses resistant to the other type of integrase treatment. In fact, in laboratory tests, it was 10 times more powerful against these resistant viruses. Together, these findings help to explain how allosteric integrase inhibitors work, taking scientists a step closer to bringing them into the clinic. In the future, new versions of the compounds, like (-)-KF116, could help to tackle drug resistance in HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha C Koneru
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, United States
| | - Ashwanth C Francis
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, United States
| | - Nanjie Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Physical Sciences, Pace University, New York, United States
| | - Stephanie V Rebensburg
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, United States
| | - Ashley C Hoyte
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, United States
| | - Jared Lindenberger
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, United States
| | | | - Ross C Larue
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States
| | - Michael F Wempe
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, United States
| | - Alan N Engelman
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, United States.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Dmitry Lyumkis
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, United States
| | - James R Fuchs
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States
| | - Ronald M Levy
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Gregory B Melikyan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, United States
| | - Mamuka Kvaratskhelia
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, United States
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23
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Deblais L, Helmy YA, Kumar A, Antwi J, Kathayat D, Acuna UM, Huang HC, de Blanco EC, Fuchs JR, Rajashekara G. Novel narrow spectrum benzyl thiophene sulfonamide derivatives to control Campylobacter. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2019; 72:555-565. [PMID: 30918323 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-019-0168-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Campylobacter is a leading cause of bacterial foodborne gastroenteritis worldwide, and poultry are a major source of human campylobacteriosis. The control of Campylobacter from farm to fork is challenging due to emergence of microbial resistance and lack of effective control methods. We identified a benzyl thiophene sulfonamide based small molecule (compound 1) with a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 100 μM against Campylobacter jejuni 81-176 and Campylobacter coli ATCC33559, good drug-like properties, and low toxicity on eukaryotic cells. Compound 1 was used as a lead for the preparation of 13 analogues. Two analogues, compounds 4 and 8 (TH-4 and TH-8), were identified with better antimicrobial properties than compound 1. TH-4 and TH-8 had a MIC of 12.5 μM and 25 μM for C. coli and 50 μM and 100 μM for C. jejuni, respectively. Cytological studies revealed that both compounds affected C. jejuni envelope integrity. Further, both compounds had no effect on other foodborne pathogens. TH-4 and TH-8 had a minimal impact on the chicken cecal microbiota and were not toxic to colon epithelial cells and chicken macrophages, and red blood cells at 200 µM. Further, TH-4 and TH-8 reduced the Campylobacter load in chicken ceca (up to 2-log reduction) when infected chickens were orally treated for 5 days with 0.254 mg kg-1; as well as against internalized Campylobacter in Caco-2 cells at 12.5 µM and higher. Our study identified two novel specific and safe benzyl thiophene sulfonamide derivatives having potential for control of Campylobacter in chickens and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Deblais
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, OARDC, Wooster, OH, USA.,Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, OARDC, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Yosra A Helmy
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, OARDC, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Anand Kumar
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, OARDC, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Janet Antwi
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Ohio Dominican University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dipak Kathayat
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, OARDC, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Ulyana Munoz Acuna
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Huang-Chi Huang
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, OARDC, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Esperanza Carcache de Blanco
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - James R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gireesh Rajashekara
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, OARDC, Wooster, OH, USA.
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24
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Ren Y, Carcache de Blanco EJ, Fuchs JR, Soejarto DD, Burdette JE, Swanson SM, Kinghorn AD. Potential Anticancer Agents Characterized from Selected Tropical Plants. J Nat Prod 2019; 82:657-679. [PMID: 30830783 PMCID: PMC6441492 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Higher plants are well known for their value in affording clinically useful anticancer agents, with such compounds acting against cancer cells by a range of mechanisms of action. There remains a strong interest in the discovery and development of plant secondary metabolites as additional cancer chemotherapeutic lead compounds. In the present review, progress on the discovery of plant-derived compounds of the biflavonoid, lignan, sesquiterpene, steroid, and xanthone structural types is presented. Several potential anticancer leads of these types have been characterized from tropical plants collected in three countries as part of our ongoing collaborative multi-institutional project. Preliminary structure-activity relationships and work on in vivo testing and cellular mechanisms of action are also discussed. In addition, the relevant work reported by other groups on the same compound classes is included herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Ren
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Esperanza J. Carcache de Blanco
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - James R. Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Djaja D. Soejarto
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
- Science and Education, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605, United States
| | - Joanna E. Burdette
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Steven M. Swanson
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, United States
| | - A. Douglas Kinghorn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
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25
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Wilson TA, Koneru PC, Rebensburg SV, Lindenberger JJ, Kobe MJ, Cockroft NT, Adu-Ampratwum D, Larue RC, Kvaratskhelia M, Fuchs JR. An Isoquinoline Scaffold as a Novel Class of Allosteric HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:215-220. [PMID: 30783506 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Allosteric HIV-1 integrase inhibitors (ALLINIs) are a new class of potential antiretroviral therapies with a unique mechanism of action and drug resistance profile. To further extend this class of inhibitors via a scaffold hopping approach, we have synthesized a series of analogues possessing an isoquinoline ring system. Lead compound 6l binds in the v-shaped pocket at the IN dimer interface and is highly selective for promoting higher-order multimerization of inactive IN over inhibiting IN-LEDGF/p75 binding. Importantly, 6l potently inhibited HIV-1NL4-3 (A128T IN), which confers marked resistance to archetypal quinoline-based ALLINIs. Thermal degradation studies indicated that at elevated temperatures the acetic acid side chain of specific isoquinoline derivatives undergo decarboxylation reactions. This reactivity has implications for the synthesis of various ALLINI analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler A. Wilson
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Pratibha C. Koneru
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Stephanie V. Rebensburg
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Jared J. Lindenberger
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Matthew J. Kobe
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Nicholas T. Cockroft
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Daniel Adu-Ampratwum
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Ross C. Larue
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Mamuka Kvaratskhelia
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - James R. Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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26
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Aqel SI, Kraus EE, Jena N, Kumari V, Granitto MC, Mao L, Farinas MF, Zhao EY, Perottino G, Pei W, Lovett-Racke AE, Racke MK, Fuchs JR, Li C, Yang Y. Novel small molecule IL-6 inhibitor suppresses autoreactive Th17 development and promotes T reg development. Clin Exp Immunol 2019; 196:215-225. [PMID: 30615197 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the leading cause of non-traumatic neurological disability in the United States in young adults, but current treatments are only partially effective, making it necessary to develop new, innovative therapeutic strategies. Myelin-specific interleukin (IL)-17-producing T helper type 17 (Th17) cells are a major subset of CD4 T effector cells (Teff ) that play a critical role in mediating the development and progression of MS and its mouse model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), while regulatory T cells (Treg ) CD4 T cells are beneficial for suppressing disease. The IL-6/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT-3) signaling pathway is a key regulator of Th17 and Treg cells by promoting Th17 development and suppressing Treg development. Here we show that three novel small molecule IL-6 inhibitors, madindoline-5 (MDL-5), MDL-16 and MDL-101, significantly suppress IL-17 production in myelin-specific CD4 T cells in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. MDL-101 showed superior potency in suppressing IL-17 production compared to MDL-5 and MDL-16. Treatment of myelin-specific CD4 T cells with MDL-101 in vitro reduced their encephalitogenic potential following their subsequent adoptive transfer. Furthermore, MDL-101 significantly suppressed proliferation and IL-17 production of anti-CD3-activated effector/memory CD45RO+ CD4+ human CD4 T cells and promoted human Treg development. Together, these data demonstrate that these novel small molecule IL-6 inhibitors have the potential to shift the Teff : Treg balance, which may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for ameliorating disease progression in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S I Aqel
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - E E Kraus
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - N Jena
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - V Kumari
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - M C Granitto
- Neuroscience Program, College of Arts and Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - L Mao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainsville, FL, USA
| | - M F Farinas
- Neuroscience Program, College of Arts and Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - E Y Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - G Perottino
- Neuroscience Program, College of Arts and Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - W Pei
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - A E Lovett-Racke
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - M K Racke
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - J R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - C Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainsville, FL, USA
| | - Y Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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27
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Abstract
A strategy for C-H functionalization of arenes and heteroarenes has been developed to allow site-selective incorporation of various anions, including Cl, Br, OMs, OTs, and OTf. This approach is enabled by in situ generation of reactive, non-symmetric iodanes by combining anions and bench-stable PhI(OAc)2. The utility of this mechanism is demonstrated via para-selective chlorination of medicinally relevant arenes, as well as site-selective C-H chlorination of heteroarenes. Spectroscopic, computational, and competition experiments describe the unique nature, reactivity, and selectivity of these transient, unsymmetrical iodanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy C Fosu
- The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Chido M Hambira
- The Ohio State University, Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Andrew D Chen
- The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - James R Fuchs
- The Ohio State University, Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - David A Nagib
- The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Columbus, OH 43210, United States.,Lead contact
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28
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Moshiri J, Kaur D, Hambira CM, Sandala JL, Koopman JA, Fuchs JR, Gunn JS. Identification of a Small Molecule Anti-biofilm Agent Against Salmonella enterica. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2804. [PMID: 30515144 PMCID: PMC6256085 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm formation is a common strategy utilized by bacterial pathogens to establish persistence in a host niche. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, the etiological agent of Typhoid fever, relies on biofilm formation in the gallbladder to chronically colonize asymptomatic carriers, allowing for transmission to uninfected individuals. S. enterica serovar Typhimurium utilizes biofilms to achieve persistence in human and animal hosts, an issue of both clinical and agricultural importance. Here, we identify a compound that selectively inhibits biofilm formation in both S. Typhi and S. Typhimurium serovars at early stages of biofilm development with an EC50 of 21.0 and 7.4 μM, respectively. We find that this compound, T315, also reduces biofilm formation in Acinetobacter baumannii, a nosocomial and opportunistic pathogen with rising antibiotic resistance. T315 treatment in conjunction with sub-MIC dosing of ciprofloxacin further reduces S. enterica biofilm formation, demonstrating the potential of such combination therapies for therapeutic development. Through synthesis of two biotin-labeled T315 probes and subsequent pull-down and proteomics analysis, we identified a T315 binding target: WrbA, a flavin mononucleotide-dependent NADH:quinone oxidoreductase. Using a S. Typhimurium strain lacking WrbA we demonstrate that this factor contributes to endogenous S. enterica biofilm formation processes and is required for full T315 anti-biofilm activity. We suggest WrbA as a promising target for further development of anti-biofilm agents in Salmonella, with potential for use against additional bacterial pathogens. The development of anti-biofilm therapeutics will be essential to combat chronic carriage of Typhoid fever and thus accomplish a meaningful reduction of global disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Moshiri
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Darpan Kaur
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Chido M Hambira
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jenna L Sandala
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jacob A Koopman
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - James R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - John S Gunn
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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29
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Young AN, Herrera D, Huntsman AC, Korkmaz MA, Lantvit DD, Mazumder S, Kolli S, Coss CC, King S, Wang H, Swanson SM, Kinghorn AD, Zhang X, Phelps MA, Aldrich LN, Fuchs JR, Burdette JE. Phyllanthusmin Derivatives Induce Apoptosis and Reduce Tumor Burden in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer by Late-Stage Autophagy Inhibition. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:2123-2135. [PMID: 30018048 PMCID: PMC6168422 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-1195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is a lethal gynecological malignancy with a need for new therapeutics. Many of the most widely used chemotherapeutic drugs are derived from natural products or their semi-synthetic derivatives. We have developed potent synthetic analogues of a class of compounds known as phyllanthusmins, inspired by natural products isolated from Phyllanthus poilanei Beille. The most potent analogue, PHY34, had the highest potency in HGSOC cell lines in vitro and displayed cytotoxic activity through activation of apoptosis. PHY34 exerts its cytotoxic effects by inhibiting autophagy at a late stage in the pathway, involving the disruption of lysosomal function. The autophagy activator, rapamycin, combined with PHY34 eliminated apoptosis, suggesting that autophagy inhibition may be required for apoptosis. PHY34 was readily bioavailable through intraperitoneal administration in vivo where it significantly inhibited the growth of cancer cell lines in hollow fibers, as well as reduced tumor burden in a xenograft model. We demonstrate that PHY34 acts as a late-stage autophagy inhibitor with nanomolar potency and significant antitumor efficacy as a single agent against HGSOC in vivo This class of compounds holds promise as a potential, novel chemotherapeutic and demonstrates the effectiveness of targeting the autophagic pathway as a viable strategy for combating ovarian cancer. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(10); 2123-35. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria N Young
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Denisse Herrera
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Andrew C Huntsman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Melissa A Korkmaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Daniel D Lantvit
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sarmistha Mazumder
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Shamalatha Kolli
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Christopher C Coss
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Salane King
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Steven M Swanson
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - A Douglas Kinghorn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Mitch A Phelps
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Leslie N Aldrich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - James R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
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30
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Crnkovic CM, Krunic A, May DS, Wilson TA, Kao D, Burdette JE, Fuchs JR, Oberlies NH, Orjala J. Calothrixamides A and B from the Cultured Cyanobacterium Calothrix sp. UIC 10520. J Nat Prod 2018; 81:2083-2090. [PMID: 30192537 PMCID: PMC6359934 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are a source of chemically diverse metabolites with potential medicinal and biotechnological applications. Rapid identification of compounds is central to expedite the natural product discovery process. Mass spectrometry has been shown to be an important tool for dereplication of complex natural product samples. In addition, chromatographic separation and complementary spectroscopic analysis (e.g., UV) can enhance the confidence of the dereplication process. Here, we applied a droplet-liquid microjunction-surface sampling probe (droplet probe) coupled with UPLC-PDA-HRMS-MS/MS to identify two new natural products in situ from the freshwater strain Calothrix sp. UIC 10520. This allowed us to prioritize this strain for chemical investigation based on the presence of new metabolites very early in our discovery process, saving both time and resources. Subsequently, calothrixamides A (1) and B (2) were isolated from large-scale cultures, and the structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The absolute configurations were determined by a combination of chemical degradation reactions, derivatization methods (Mosher's, Marfey's, and phenylglycine methyl ester), and J-based configurational analysis. Calothrixamides showed no cytotoxic activity against the MDA-MB-435, MDA-MB-231, and OVCAR3 cancer cell lines. They represent the first functionalized long-chain fatty acid amides reported from the Calothrix genus and from a freshwater cyanobacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila M. Crnkovic
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, Federal District 70040-020, Brazil
| | - Aleksej Krunic
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Daniel S. May
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Tyler A. Wilson
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Diana Kao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Joanna E. Burdette
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - James R. Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Jimmy Orjala
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
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31
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Amin ARMR, Anisuzzaman ASM, Siddique AB, Fuchs JR. Abstract 680: FLLL12 is a small molecule JAK2 inhibitor that inhibits JAK-STAT3 pathway in head and neck cancer. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: We have recently reported that FLLL12, a synthetic curcumin analog, induces apoptosis of lung cancer cells through a death receptor (DR) 5-dependent pathway and in squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN) by modifying multiple Bcl-2 proteins. However, the direct molecular target (receptor) of FLLL12 is unknown. The purpose of the current study is to identify the receptor of FLLL12.
Methods: Computer-aided molecular docking was used to predict molecular interaction. Isothermal titration calorimetry and thermal shift assays were used to confirm molecular interactions in a cell free system. SCCHN cell lines were used to study the effect of this interaction on JAK-STAT3 pathway. Protein expression levels were measured by Western blotting.
Results: Computer-aided molecular docking modeling of FLLL12 and JAK2 (PDB code: 5CF5) predicted that FLLL12 fit well into the JAK2 catalytic pocket. Although curcumin also fit into the JAK2 catalytic pocket, the binding sites were different for FLLL12 and curcumin. Docking score for FLLL12, natural ligand and curcumin were -7.2, -12.1 and -6.9, respectively. FLLL12 also docked into the STAT3 catalytic pocket (PDB code: 5AX3). However, the docking score was worse than those for natural ligand and curcumin (-5.1, -7.3 and -7.4 respectively). We confirmed that FLLL12 interacted with JAK2 in a cell free system using recombinant JAK2. Isothermal titration calorimetry assay revealed one binding site for both FLLL12 and the FDA-approved JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib. The Ka values were 3.84E6±1.03E5 and 2.31E7±6.78E6 M-1, respectively. FLLL12 and JAK2 interactions were further confirmed by thermal shift assay. Kd values were 1.12±0.14 μM and 2.24 ±0.18 μM for ruxolitinib and FLLL12, respectively. Two hour pretreatment with FLLL12 also inhibited IL-6 induced phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3. Finally, FLLL12 strongly inhibited constitutively active STAT3 phosphorylation in SCCHN cell lines, a downstream effector of JAK.
Conclusions: Our results strongly suggest that FLLL12 is a novel small molecule inhibitor for JAK2 and FLLL12-JAK2 interaction inhibits IL-6-induced as well as constitutively active STAT3 phosphorylation, thus has great promise for cancer prevention and therapy. Grant Support: Start-up fund from Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University and from Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Marshall University.
Citation Format: ARM Ruhul Amin, ASM Anisuzzaman, Abu B. Siddique, James R. Fuchs. FLLL12 is a small molecule JAK2 inhibitor that inhibits JAK-STAT3 pathway in head and neck cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 680.
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32
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Young AN, Herrera D, Huntsman A, Lantvit DD, Korkmaz MA, Aldrich LN, Kinghorn AD, Fuchs JR, Burdette JE. Abstract 2672: Phyllanthusmins induce apoptosis and reduce tumor burden in high grade serous ovarian cancer by late-stage autophagy inhibition. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-2672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is a lethal gynecological malignancy with a need for new therapeutics. Many of the most widely used chemotherapeutic drugs are derived from natural products or their semi-synthetic derivatives. We developed potent synthetic analogues of a class of compounds known as the phyllanthusmins, inspired by natural products isolated from Phyllanthus poilanei Beille. The most potent analogue, PHY34, had the highest potency in HGSOC cell lines in vitro and displayed cytotoxic activity through activation of apoptosis. PHY34 exerts its effects by initially inhibiting autophagy at a late stage in the pathway, involving the disruption of lysosomal function. The autophagy activator, rapamycin, combined with PHY34 eliminated apoptosis, suggesting that autophagy inhibition was required for apoptosis. PHY34 was readily bioavailable through intraperitoneal administration in vivo where it significantly reduced cancer cell lines grown in hollow fibers as well as ovarian tumor burden. We show that PHY34 is a new late-stage autophagy inhibitor with nanomolar potency and significant antitumor efficacy as a single-agent against HGSOC in vivo. This class of compounds holds promise as a potential, novel chemotherapeutic and demonstrates the effectiveness of targeting the autophagic pathway as a viable strategy for combating the disease.
Citation Format: Alexandria N. Young, Denisse Herrera, Andrew Huntsman, Daniel D. Lantvit, Melissa A. Korkmaz, Leslie N. Aldrich, A. Douglas Kinghorn, James R. Fuchs, Joanna E. Burdette. Phyllanthusmins induce apoptosis and reduce tumor burden in high grade serous ovarian cancer by late-stage autophagy inhibition [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2672.
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33
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Wilson TA, Tokarski RJ, Sullivan P, Demoret RM, Orjala J, Rakotondraibe LH, Fuchs JR. Total Synthesis of Scytonemide A Employing Weinreb AM Solid-Phase Resin. J Nat Prod 2018; 81:534-542. [PMID: 29400964 PMCID: PMC5866229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The human 20S proteasome inhibitor scytonemide A (1), a macrocyclic imine originally isolated from the cyanobacterium Scytonema hofmanni, was synthesized via a biomimetic solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) approach employing the Weinreb AM resin. Utilizing this approach, cyclization of the protected heptapeptide via formation of the imine bond occurred spontaneously upon cleavage from the resin in the presence of a reducing agent and subsequent aqueous workup. The final deprotection step necessary to produce the natural product was accomplished under slightly basic conditions, facilitating cleavage of the silyl ether group while leaving the macrocycle intact. Purification of the synthetic scytonemide A was accomplished via normal-phase flash column chromatography, potentially facilitating larger scale preparation of the compound necessary for future mechanistic and SAR studies. The structure of the target compound was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy, which also shed light on differences in the spectroscopic data obtained for the synthetic and natural scytonemide A samples for some of the amide and alcohol signals in the 1H NMR spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler A. Wilson
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Robert J. Tokarski
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Peter Sullivan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Robert M. Demoret
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Jimmy Orjala
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - L. Harinantenaina Rakotondraibe
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - James R. Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
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34
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Woodard JL, Huntsman AC, Patel PA, Chai HB, Kanagasabai R, Karmahapatra S, Young AN, Ren Y, Cole MS, Herrera D, Yalowich JC, Kinghorn AD, Burdette JE, Fuchs JR. Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of derivatives of the phyllanthusmin class of arylnaphthalene lignan lactones. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:2354-2364. [PMID: 29656990 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of arylnaphthalene lignan lactones based on the structure of the phyllanthusmins, a class of potent natural products possessing diphyllin as the aglycone, has been synthesized and screened for activity against multiple cancer cell lines. SAR exploration was performed on both the carbohydrate and lactone moieties of this structural class. These studies have revealed the importance of functionalization of the carbohydrate hydroxy groups with both acetylated and methylated analogues showing increased potency relative to those with unsubstituted sugar moieties. In addition, the requirement for the presence and position of the C-ring lactone has been demonstrated through reduction and selective re-oxidation of the lactone ring. The most potent compound in this study displayed an IC50 value of 18 nM in an HT-29 assay with several others ranging from 50 to 200 nM. In an effort to elucidate their potential mechanism(s) of action, the DNA topoisomerase IIa inhibitory activity of the most potent compounds was examined based on previous reports of structurally similar compounds, but does not appear to contribute significantly to their antiproliferative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Woodard
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Andrew C Huntsman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Pratiq A Patel
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Hee-Byung Chai
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Ragu Kanagasabai
- Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | | | - Alexandria N Young
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Yulin Ren
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Malcolm S Cole
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Denisse Herrera
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Jack C Yalowich
- Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - A Douglas Kinghorn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - James R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States.
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35
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Hoyte AC, Jamin AV, Koneru PC, Kobe MJ, Larue RC, Fuchs JR, Engelman AN, Kvaratskhelia M. Resistance to pyridine-based inhibitor KF116 reveals an unexpected role of integrase in HIV-1 Gag-Pol polyprotein proteolytic processing. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:19814-19825. [PMID: 28972144 PMCID: PMC5712621 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.816645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The pyridine-based multimerization selective HIV-1 integrase (IN) inhibitors (MINIs) are a distinct subclass of allosteric IN inhibitors. MINIs potently inhibit HIV-1 replication during virion maturation by inducing hyper- or aberrant IN multimerization but are largely ineffective during the early steps of viral replication. Here, we investigated the mechanism for the evolution of a triple IN substitution (T124N/V165I/T174I) that emerges in cell culture with a representative MINI, KF116. We show that HIV-1 NL4-3(IN T124N/V165I/T174I) confers marked (>2000-fold) resistance to KF116. Two IN substitutions (T124N/T174I) directly weaken inhibitor binding at the dimer interface of the catalytic core domain but at the same time markedly impair HIV-1 replication capacity. Unexpectedly, T124N/T174I IN substitutions inhibited proteolytic processing of HIV-1 polyproteins Gag and Gag-Pol, resulting in immature virions. Strikingly, the addition of the third IN substitution (V165I) restored polyprotein processing, virus particle maturation, and significant levels of replication capacity. These results reveal an unanticipated role of IN for polyprotein proteolytic processing during virion morphogenesis. The complex evolutionary pathway for the emergence of resistant viruses, which includes the need for the compensatory V165I IN substitution, highlights a relatively high genetic barrier exerted by MINI KF116. Additionally, we have solved the X-ray structure of the drug-resistant catalytic core domain protein, which provides means for rational development of second-generation MINIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley C Hoyte
- From the Center for Retrovirus Research and
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, and
| | - Augusta V Jamin
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
| | - Pratibha C Koneru
- From the Center for Retrovirus Research and
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, and
| | | | | | - James R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Alan N Engelman
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
| | - Mamuka Kvaratskhelia
- From the Center for Retrovirus Research and
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, and
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36
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Wu X, Tang W, Marquez RT, Li K, Highfill CA, He F, Lian J, Lin J, Fuchs JR, Ji M, Li L, Xu L. Overcoming chemo/radio-resistance of pancreatic cancer by inhibiting STAT3 signaling. Oncotarget 2017; 7:11708-23. [PMID: 26887043 PMCID: PMC4905505 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemo/radio-therapy resistance to the deadly pancreatic cancer is mainly due to the failure to kill pancreatic cancer stem cells (CSCs). Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is activated in pancreatic CSCs and, therefore, may be a valid target for overcoming therapeutic resistance. Here we investigated the potential of STAT3 inhibition in sensitizing pancreatic cancer to chemo/radio-therapy. We found that the levels of nuclear pSTAT3 in pancreatic cancer correlated with advanced tumor grade and poor patient outcome. Liposomal delivery of a STAT3 inhibitor FLLL32 (Lip-FLLL32) inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation and STAT3 target genes in pancreatic cancer cells and tumors. Consequently, Lip-FLLL32 suppressed pancreatic cancer cell growth, and exhibited synergetic effects with gemcitabine and radiation treatment in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, Lip-FLLL32 reduced ALDH1-positive CSC population and modulated several potential stem cell markers. These results demonstrate that Lip-FLLL32 suppresses pancreatic tumor growth and sensitizes pancreatic cancer cells to radiotherapy through inhibition of CSCs in a STAT3-dependent manner. By targeting pancreatic CSCs, Lip-FLLL32 provides a novel strategy for pancreatic cancer therapy via overcoming radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Wu
- Departments of Molecular Biosciences and Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenhua Tang
- Departments of Molecular Biosciences and Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rebecca T Marquez
- Departments of Molecular Biosciences and Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Ke Li
- Departments of Molecular Biosciences and Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Chad A Highfill
- Departments of Molecular Biosciences and Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Fengtian He
- Departments of Molecular Biosciences and Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiqin Lian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiayuh Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - James R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Min Ji
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Cell Engineering Research Centre, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Departments of Molecular Biosciences and Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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37
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Oghumu S, Varikuti S, Saljoughian N, Terrazas C, Huntsman AC, Parinandi NL, Fuchs JR, Kinghorn AD, Satoskar AR. Pentalinonsterol, a Constituent of Pentalinon andrieuxii, Possesses Potent Immunomodulatory Activity and Primes T Cell Immune Responses. J Nat Prod 2017; 80:2515-2523. [PMID: 28876059 PMCID: PMC5731641 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The use of natural products as adjuvants has emerged as a promising approach for the development of effective vaccine formulations. Pentalinonsterol (PEN) is a recently isolated compound from the roots of Pentalinon andrieuxii and has been shown to possess antileishmanial activity against Leishmania spp. The objective of this study was to examine the immunomodulatory properties of PEN and evaluate its potential as an adjuvant. Macrophages and bone-marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) were stimulated with PEN and tested for gene expression, cytokine production, and their ability to activate T cells in vitro. PEN was also evaluated for its ability to generate antigen-specific Th1 and Th2 responses in vivo, following ovalbumin (OVA) immunization using PEN as an adjuvant. The results obtained demonstrate that PEN enhances the expression of NF-κB and AP1 transcription factors, promotes gene expression of Tnfα, Il6, Nos2, and Arg1, and upregulates MHCII, CD80, and CD86 in macrophages. PEN also enhanced IL-12 production in BMDCs and promoted BMDC-mediated production of IFN-γ by T cells. Further, mice immunized with OVA and PEN showed enhanced antigen-specific Th1 and Th2 cytokines in their splenocytes and lymph node cells, as well as increased levels of IgG1 and IgG2 in their sera. Taken together, this study demonstrates that PEN is a potent immunomodulatory compound and potentially can be used as an adjuvant for vaccine development against infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Oghumu
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Sanjay Varikuti
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Noushin Saljoughian
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Cesar Terrazas
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Andrew C. Huntsman
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Narasimham L. Parinandi
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - James R. Fuchs
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - A. Douglas Kinghorn
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Abhay R. Satoskar
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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38
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Kinghorn AD, DE Blanco EJC, Lucas DM, Rakotondraibe HL, Orjala J, Soejarto DD, Oberlies NH, Pearce CJ, Wani MC, Stockwell BR, Burdette JE, Swanson SM, Fuchs JR, Phelps MA, Xu L, Zhang X, Shen YY. Discovery of Anticancer Agents of Diverse Natural Origin. Anticancer Res 2017; 36:5623-5637. [PMID: 27793884 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.11146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Recent progress is described in an ongoing collaborative multidisciplinary research project directed towards the purification, structural characterization, chemical modification, and biological evaluation of new potential natural product anticancer agents obtained from a diverse group of organisms, comprising tropical plants, aquatic and terrestrial cyanobacteria, and filamentous fungi. Information is provided on how these organisms are collected and processed. The types of bioassays are indicated in which initial extracts, chromatographic fractions, and purified isolated compounds of these acquisitions are tested. Several promising biologically active lead compounds from each major organism class investigated are described, and these may be seen to be representative of a very wide chemical diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Douglas Kinghorn
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | | | - David M Lucas
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A.,College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | | | - Jimmy Orjala
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, U.S.A
| | - D Doel Soejarto
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, U.S.A.,Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, U.S.A
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, U.S.A
| | | | - Mansukh C Wani
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC, U.S.A
| | - Brent R Stockwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, U.S.A.,Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, U.S.A
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, U.S.A
| | - Steven M Swanson
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, U.S.A
| | - James R Fuchs
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Mitchell A Phelps
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Lihui Xu
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A.,College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
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39
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Kessl JJ, Kutluay SB, Townsend D, Rebensburg S, Slaughter A, Larue RC, Shkriabai N, Bakouche N, Fuchs JR, Bieniasz PD, Kvaratskhelia M. HIV-1 Integrase Binds the Viral RNA Genome and Is Essential during Virion Morphogenesis. Cell 2016; 166:1257-1268.e12. [PMID: 27565348 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
While an essential role of HIV-1 integrase (IN) for integration of viral cDNA into human chromosome is established, studies with IN mutants and allosteric IN inhibitors (ALLINIs) have suggested that IN can also influence viral particle maturation. However, it has remained enigmatic as to how IN contributes to virion morphogenesis. Here, we demonstrate that IN directly binds the viral RNA genome in virions. These interactions have specificity, as IN exhibits distinct preference for select viral RNA structural elements. We show that IN substitutions that selectively impair its binding to viral RNA result in eccentric, non-infectious virions without affecting nucleocapsid-RNA interactions. Likewise, ALLINIs impair IN binding to viral RNA in virions of wild-type, but not escape mutant, virus. These results reveal an unexpected biological role of IN binding to the viral RNA genome during virion morphogenesis and elucidate the mode of action of ALLINIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques J Kessl
- Center for Retrovirus Research, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Sebla B Kutluay
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Laboratory of Retrovirology, Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Dana Townsend
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Stephanie Rebensburg
- Center for Retrovirus Research, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Alison Slaughter
- Center for Retrovirus Research, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ross C Larue
- Center for Retrovirus Research, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Nikoloz Shkriabai
- Center for Retrovirus Research, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Nordine Bakouche
- Center for Retrovirus Research, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - James R Fuchs
- College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Paul D Bieniasz
- Laboratory of Retrovirology, Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10016, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Mamuka Kvaratskhelia
- Center for Retrovirus Research, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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40
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Deng N, Hoyte A, Mansour YE, Mohamed MS, Fuchs JR, Engelman AN, Kvaratskhelia M, Levy R. Allosteric HIV-1 integrase inhibitors promote aberrant protein multimerization by directly mediating inter-subunit interactions: Structural and thermodynamic modeling studies. Protein Sci 2016; 25:1911-1917. [PMID: 27503276 PMCID: PMC5079246 DOI: 10.1002/pro.2997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Allosteric HIV-1 integrase (IN) inhibitors (ALLINIs) bind at the dimer interface of the IN catalytic core domain (CCD), and potently inhibit HIV-1 by promoting aberrant, higher-order IN multimerization. Little is known about the structural organization of the inhibitor-induced IN multimers and important questions regarding how ALLINIs promote aberrant IN multimerization remain to be answered. On the basis of physical chemistry principles and from our analysis of experimental information, we propose that inhibitor-induced multimerization is mediated by ALLINIs directly promoting inter-subunit interactions between the CCD dimer and a C-terminal domain (CTD) of another IN dimer. Guided by this hypothesis, we have built atomic models of inter-subunit interfaces in IN multimers by incorporating information from hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX) measurements to drive protein-protein docking. We have also developed a novel free energy simulation method to estimate the effects of ALLINI binding on the association of the CCD and CTD. Using this structural and thermodynamic modeling approach, we show that multimer inter-subunit interface models can account for several experimental observations about ALLINI-induced multimerization, including large differences in the potencies of various ALLINIs, the mechanisms of resistance mutations, and the crucial role of solvent exposed R-groups in the high potency of certain ALLINIs. Our study predicts that CTD residues Tyr226, Trp235 and Lys266 are involved in the aberrant multimer interfaces. The key finding of the study is that it suggests the possibility of ALLINIs facilitating inter-subunit interactions between an external CTD and the CCD-CCD dimer interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanjie Deng
- Center for Biophysics & Computational Biology/ICMS, Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19122.
| | - Ashley Hoyte
- Center for Retrovirus Research and College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210
| | - Yara E Mansour
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mosaad S Mohamed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - James R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210
| | - Alan N Engelman
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02215
| | - Mamuka Kvaratskhelia
- Center for Retrovirus Research and College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210
| | - Ronald Levy
- Center for Biophysics & Computational Biology/ICMS, Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19122
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41
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Patel D, Antwi J, Koneru PC, Serrao E, Forli S, Kessl JJ, Feng L, Deng N, Levy RM, Fuchs JR, Olson AJ, Engelman AN, Bauman JD, Kvaratskhelia M, Arnold E. A New Class of Allosteric HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitors Identified by Crystallographic Fragment Screening of the Catalytic Core Domain. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:23569-23577. [PMID: 27645997 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.753384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 integrase (IN) is essential for virus replication and represents an important multifunctional therapeutic target. Recently discovered quinoline-based allosteric IN inhibitors (ALLINIs) potently impair HIV-1 replication and are currently in clinical trials. ALLINIs exhibit a multimodal mechanism of action by inducing aberrant IN multimerization during virion morphogenesis and by competing with IN for binding to its cognate cellular cofactor LEDGF/p75 during early steps of HIV-1 infection. However, quinoline-based ALLINIs impose a low genetic barrier for the evolution of resistant phenotypes, which highlights a need for discovery of second-generation inhibitors. Using crystallographic screening of a library of 971 fragments against the HIV-1 IN catalytic core domain (CCD) followed by a fragment expansion approach, we have identified thiophenecarboxylic acid derivatives that bind at the CCD-CCD dimer interface at the principal lens epithelium-derived growth factor (LEDGF)/p75 binding pocket. The most active derivative (5) inhibited LEDGF/p75-dependent HIV-1 IN activity in vitro with an IC50 of 72 μm and impaired HIV-1 infection of T cells at an EC50 of 36 μm The identified lead compound, with a relatively small molecular weight (221 Da), provides an optimal building block for developing a new class of inhibitors. Furthermore, although structurally distinct thiophenecarboxylic acid derivatives target a similar pocket at the IN dimer interface as the quinoline-based ALLINIs, the lead compound, 5, inhibited IN mutants that confer resistance to quinoline-based compounds. Collectively, our findings provide a plausible path for structure-based development of second-generation ALLINIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Disha Patel
- From the Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Janet Antwi
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy and
| | - Pratibha C Koneru
- Center for Retrovirus Research and College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Erik Serrao
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
| | - Stefano Forli
- Molecular Graphics Laboratory, Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, MB-112, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Jacques J Kessl
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, and
| | - Lei Feng
- Center for Retrovirus Research and College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Nanjie Deng
- Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - Ronald M Levy
- Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - James R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy and
| | - Arthur J Olson
- Molecular Graphics Laboratory, Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, MB-112, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Alan N Engelman
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
| | - Joseph D Bauman
- From the Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Mamuka Kvaratskhelia
- Center for Retrovirus Research and College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210,
| | - Eddy Arnold
- From the Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854,
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42
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Patel PA, Kvaratskhelia N, Mansour Y, Antwi J, Feng L, Koneru P, Kobe MJ, Jena N, Shi G, Mohamed MS, Li C, Kessl JJ, Fuchs JR. Indole-based allosteric inhibitors of HIV-1 integrase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:4748-4752. [PMID: 27568085 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Employing a scaffold hopping approach, a series of allosteric HIV-1 integrase (IN) inhibitors (ALLINIs) have been synthesized based on an indole scaffold. These compounds incorporate the key elements utilized in quinoline-based ALLINIs for binding to the IN dimer interface at the principal LEDGF/p75 binding pocket. The most potent of these compounds displayed good activity in the LEDGF/p75 dependent integration assay (IC50=4.5μM) and, as predicted based on the geometry of the five- versus six-membered ring, retained activity against the A128T IN mutant that confers resistance to many quinoline-based ALLINIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratiq A Patel
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States; Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Nina Kvaratskhelia
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Yara Mansour
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States; Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Janet Antwi
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Lei Feng
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Pratibha Koneru
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Mathew J Kobe
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Nivedita Jena
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Guqin Shi
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Mosaad S Mohamed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Chenglong Li
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Jacques J Kessl
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States.
| | - James R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States.
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43
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Agharbaoui FE, Hoyte AC, Ferro S, Gitto R, Buemi MR, Fuchs JR, Kvaratskhelia M, De Luca L. Computational and synthetic approaches for developing Lavendustin B derivatives as allosteric inhibitors of HIV-1 integrase. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 123:673-683. [PMID: 27517812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Through structure-based virtual screening and subsequent activity assays of selected natural products, Lavendustin B was previously identified as an inhibitor of HIV-1 integrase (IN) interaction with its cognate cellular cofactor, lens epithelium-derived growth factor (LEDGF/p75). In order to improve the inhibitory potency we have employed in silico-based approaches. Particularly, a series of new analogues was designed and docked into the LEDGF/p75 binding pocket of HIV-1 IN. To identify promising leads we used the Molecular Mechanics energies combined with the Generalized Born and Surface Area continuum solvation (MM-GBSA) method, molecular dynamics simulations and analysis of hydrogen bond occupancies. On the basis of these studies, six analogues of Lavendustine B, containing the benzylamino-hydroxybenzoic scaffold, were selected for synthesis and structure activity-relationship (SAR) studies. Our results demonstrated a good correlation between computational and experimental data, and all six analogues displayed an improved potency for inhibiting IN binding to LEDGF/p75 in vitro to respect to the parent compound Lavendustin B. Additionally, these analogs show to inhibit weakly LEDGF/p75-independent IN catalytic activity suggesting a multimodal allosteric mechanism of action. Nevertheless, for the synthesized compounds similar profiles for HIV-1 inhibition and cytoxicity were highlighted. Taken together, our studies elucidated the mode of action of Lavendustin B analogs and provided a path for their further development as a new promising class of HIV-1 integrase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima E Agharbaoui
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche e Ambientali (CHIBIOFARAM), Polo Universitario SS. Annunziata, Università di Messina, Viale Annunziata, I-98168, Messina, Italy; Center for Retrovirus Research and College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Ashley C Hoyte
- Center for Retrovirus Research and College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Stefania Ferro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche e Ambientali (CHIBIOFARAM), Polo Universitario SS. Annunziata, Università di Messina, Viale Annunziata, I-98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Rosaria Gitto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche e Ambientali (CHIBIOFARAM), Polo Universitario SS. Annunziata, Università di Messina, Viale Annunziata, I-98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Buemi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche e Ambientali (CHIBIOFARAM), Polo Universitario SS. Annunziata, Università di Messina, Viale Annunziata, I-98168, Messina, Italy
| | - James R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Mamuka Kvaratskhelia
- Center for Retrovirus Research and College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Laura De Luca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche e Ambientali (CHIBIOFARAM), Polo Universitario SS. Annunziata, Università di Messina, Viale Annunziata, I-98168, Messina, Italy.
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44
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Feng L, Dharmarajan V, Serrao E, Hoyte A, Larue RC, Slaughter A, Sharma A, Plumb MR, Kessl JJ, Fuchs JR, Bushman FD, Engelman AN, Griffin PR, Kvaratskhelia M. The Competitive Interplay between Allosteric HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitor BI/D and LEDGF/p75 during the Early Stage of HIV-1 Replication Adversely Affects Inhibitor Potency. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:1313-21. [PMID: 26910179 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Allosteric HIV-1 integrase inhibitors (ALLINIs) have recently emerged as a promising class of antiretroviral agents and are currently in clinical trials. In infected cells, ALLINIs potently inhibit viral replication by impairing virus particle maturation but surprisingly exhibit a reduced EC50 for inhibiting HIV-1 integration in target cells. To better understand the reduced antiviral activity of ALLINIs during the early stage of HIV-1 replication, we investigated the competitive interplay between a potent representative ALLINI, BI/D, and LEDGF/p75 with HIV-1 integrase. While the principal binding sites of BI/D and LEDGF/p75 overlap at the integrase catalytic core domain dimer interface, we show that the inhibitor and the cellular cofactor induce markedly different multimerization patterns of full-length integrase. LEDGF/p75 stabilizes an integrase tetramer through the additional interactions with the integrase N-terminal domain, whereas BI/D induces protein-protein interactions in C-terminal segments that lead to aberrant, higher-order integrase multimerization. We demonstrate that LEDGF/p75 binds HIV-1 integrase with significantly higher affinity than BI/D and that the cellular protein is able to reverse the inhibitor induced aberrant, higher-order integrase multimerization in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. Consistent with these observations, alterations of the cellular levels of LEDGF/p75 markedly affected BI/D EC50 values during the early steps of HIV-1 replication. Furthermore, genome-wide sequencing of HIV-1 integration sites in infected cells demonstrate that LEDGF/p75-dependent integration site selection is adversely affected by BI/D treatment. Taken together, our studies elucidate structural and mechanistic details of the interplay between LEDGF/p75 and BI/D during the early stage of HIV-1 replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Feng
- Center for Retrovirus Research and College
of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Venkatasubramanian Dharmarajan
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Erik Serrao
- Department
of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and
Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Ashley Hoyte
- Center for Retrovirus Research and College
of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Ross C. Larue
- Center for Retrovirus Research and College
of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Alison Slaughter
- Center for Retrovirus Research and College
of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Amit Sharma
- Center for Retrovirus Research and College
of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Matthew R. Plumb
- Center for Retrovirus Research and College
of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Jacques J. Kessl
- Center for Retrovirus Research and College
of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - James R. Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy,
College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Frederic D. Bushman
- Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Alan N. Engelman
- Department
of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and
Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Patrick R. Griffin
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Mamuka Kvaratskhelia
- Center for Retrovirus Research and College
of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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Kumar A, Drozd M, Pina-Mimbela R, Xu X, Helmy YA, Antwi J, Fuchs JR, Nislow C, Templeton J, Blackall PJ, Rajashekara G. Novel Anti-Campylobacter Compounds Identified Using High Throughput Screening of a Pre-selected Enriched Small Molecules Library. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:405. [PMID: 27092106 PMCID: PMC4821856 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter is a leading cause of foodborne bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide and infections can be fatal. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter spp. necessitates the development of new antimicrobials. We identified novel anti-Campylobacter small molecule inhibitors using a high throughput growth inhibition assay. To expedite screening, we made use of a "bioactive" library of 4182 compounds that we have previously shown to be active against diverse microbes. Screening for growth inhibition of Campylobacter jejuni, identified 781 compounds that were either bactericidal or bacteriostatic at a concentration of 200 μM. Seventy nine of the bactericidal compounds were prioritized for secondary screening based on their physico-chemical properties. Based on the minimum inhibitory concentration against a diverse range of C. jejuni and a lack of effect on gut microbes, we selected 12 compounds. No resistance was observed to any of these 12 lead compounds when C. jejuni was cultured with lethal or sub-lethal concentrations suggesting that C. jejuni is less likely to develop resistance to these compounds. Top 12 compounds also possessed low cytotoxicity to human intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2 cells) and no hemolytic activity against sheep red blood cells. Next, these 12 compounds were evaluated for ability to clear C. jejuni in vitro. A total of 10 compounds had an anti-C. jejuni effect in Caco-2 cells with some effective even at 25 μM concentrations. These novel 12 compounds belong to five established antimicrobial chemical classes; piperazines, aryl amines, piperidines, sulfonamide, and pyridazinone. Exploitation of analogs of these chemical classes may provide Campylobacter specific drugs that can be applied in both human and animal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Kumar
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State UniversityWooster, OH, USA; Poultry CRC, University of New EnglandArmidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Mary Drozd
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State UniversityWooster, OH, USA; Poultry CRC, University of New EnglandArmidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Ruby Pina-Mimbela
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Xiulan Xu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Yosra A Helmy
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Janet Antwi
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA
| | - James R Fuchs
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Corey Nislow
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jillian Templeton
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, EcoSciences Precinct Dutton Park, QLD, Australia
| | - Patrick J Blackall
- Poultry CRC, University of New EnglandArmidale, NSW, Australia; Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, EcoSciences PrecinctDutton Park, QLD, Australia
| | - Gireesh Rajashekara
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University Wooster, OH, USA
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Wu J, Keng VW, Patmore DM, Kendall JJ, Patel AV, Jousma E, Jessen WJ, Choi K, Tschida BR, Silverstein KAT, Fan D, Schwartz EB, Fuchs JR, Zou Y, Kim MO, Dombi E, Levy DE, Huang G, Cancelas JA, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Spinner RJ, Largaespada DA, Ratner N. Insertional Mutagenesis Identifies a STAT3/Arid1b/β-catenin Pathway Driving Neurofibroma Initiation. Cell Rep 2016; 14:1979-90. [PMID: 26904939 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify genes and signaling pathways that initiate Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) neurofibromas, we used unbiased insertional mutagenesis screening, mouse models, and molecular analyses. We mapped an Nf1-Stat3-Arid1b/β-catenin pathway that becomes active in the context of Nf1 loss. Genetic deletion of Stat3 in Schwann cell progenitors (SCPs) and Schwann cells (SCs) prevents neurofibroma formation, decreasing SCP self-renewal and β-catenin activity. β-catenin expression rescues effects of Stat3 loss in SCPs. Importantly, P-STAT3 and β-catenin expression correlate in human neurofibromas. Mechanistically, P-Stat3 represses Gsk3β and the SWI/SNF gene Arid1b to increase β-catenin. Knockdown of Arid1b or Gsk3β in Stat3(fl/fl);Nf1(fl/fl);DhhCre SCPs rescues neurofibroma formation after in vivo transplantation. Stat3 represses Arid1b through histone modification in a Brg1-dependent manner, indicating that epigenetic modification plays a role in early tumorigenesis. Our data map a neural tumorigenesis pathway and support testing JAK/STAT and Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitors in neurofibroma therapeutic trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Wu
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Vincent W Keng
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Deanna M Patmore
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jed J Kendall
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Ami V Patel
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Edwin Jousma
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Walter J Jessen
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Kwangmin Choi
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Barbara R Tschida
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | - Danhua Fan
- Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Eric B Schwartz
- Ohio State University, College of Pharmacy, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - James R Fuchs
- Ohio State University, College of Pharmacy, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yuanshu Zou
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati Children's Hospital University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Mi-Ok Kim
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati Children's Hospital University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Eva Dombi
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - David E Levy
- Department of Pathology and New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Gang Huang
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jose A Cancelas
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Hoxworth Blood Center, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Anat O Stemmer-Rachamimov
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Robert J Spinner
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - David A Largaespada
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Nancy Ratner
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
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Anisuzzaman ASM, Haque A, Rahman MA, Wang D, Fuchs JR, Hurwitz S, Liu Y, Sica G, Khuri FR, Chen ZG, Shin DM, Amin ARMR. Preclinical In Vitro, In Vivo, and Pharmacokinetic Evaluations of FLLL12 for the Prevention and Treatment of Head and Neck Cancers. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2015; 9:63-73. [PMID: 26511491 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-15-0240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite its high promise for cancer prevention and therapy, the potential utility of curcumin in cancer is compromised by its low bioavailability and weak potency. The purpose of the current study was to assess the in vitro and in vivo efficacy and pharmacokinetic parameters of the potent curcumin analogue FLLL12 in SCCHN and identify the mechanisms of its antitumor effect. IC50 values against a panel of one premalignant and eight malignant head and neck cancer cell lines as well as apoptosis assay results suggested that FLLL12 is 10- to 24-fold more potent than natural curcumin depending on the cell line and induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. In vivo efficacy (xenograft) and pharmacokinetic studies also suggested that FLLL12 is significantly more potent and has more favorable pharmacokinetic properties than curcumin. FLLL12 strongly inhibited the expression of p-EGFR, EGFR, p-AKT, AKT, Bcl-2, and Bid and increased the expression of Bim. Overexpression of constitutively active AKT or Bcl-2 or ablation of Bim or Bid significantly inhibited FLLL12-induced apoptosis. Further mechanistic studies revealed that FLLL12 regulated EGFR and AKT at transcriptional levels, whereas Bcl-2 was regulated at the translational level. Finally, FLLL12 strongly inhibited the AKT downstream targets mTOR and FOXO1a and 3a. Taken together, our results strongly suggest that FLLL12 is a potent curcumin analogue with more favorable pharmacokinetic properties that induces apoptosis of head and neck cancer cell lines by inhibition of survival proteins including EGFR, AKT, and Bcl-2 and increasing of the proapoptotic protein Bim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Syed Md Anisuzzaman
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Abedul Haque
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Mohammad Aminur Rahman
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - James R Fuchs
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Selwyn Hurwitz
- Department of Pediatrics and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Yuan Liu
- Biostatistics & Bioinformatics Shared Resource at Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Gabriel Sica
- Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Fadlo R Khuri
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Zhuo Georgia Chen
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Dong M Shin
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - A R M Ruhul Amin
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
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48
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Xu X, Kumar A, Deblais L, Pina-Mimbela R, Nislow C, Fuchs JR, Miller SA, Rajashekara G. Discovery of novel small molecule modulators of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1127. [PMID: 26539169 PMCID: PMC4609890 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) is a Gram-positive seed-transmitted bacterial phytopathogen responsible for substantial economic losses by adversely affecting tomato production worldwide. A high-throughput, cell-based screen was adapted to identify novel small molecule growth inhibitors to serve as leads for future bactericide development. A library of 4,182 compounds known to be bioactive against Saccharomyces cerevisiae was selected for primary screening against Cmm wild-type strain C290 for whole-cell growth inhibition. Four hundred sixty-eight molecules (11.2% hit rate) were identified as bacteriocidal or bacteriostatic against Cmm at 200 μM. Seventy-seven candidates were selected based on Golden Triangle analyses for secondary screening. Secondary screens showed that several of these candidates were strain-selective. Several compounds were inhibitory to multiple Cmm strains as well as Bacillus subtilis, but not to Pseudomonas fluorescens, Mitsuaria sp., Lysobacter enzymogenes, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Bifidobacterium animalis, or Escherichia coli. Most of the compounds were not phytotoxic and did not show overt host toxicity. Using a novel 96-well bioluminescent Cmm seedling infection assay, we assessed effects of selected compounds on pathogen infection. The 12 most potent novel molecules were identified by compiling the scores from all secondary screens combined with the reduction of pathogen infection in planta. When tested for ability to develop resistance to the top-12 compounds, no resistant Cmm were recovered, suggesting that the discovered compounds are unlikely to induce resistance. In conclusion, here we report top-12 compounds that provide chemical scaffolds for future Cmm-specific bactericide development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulan Xu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Anand Kumar
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Loïc Deblais
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Ruby Pina-Mimbela
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Corey Nislow
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - James R Fuchs
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sally A Miller
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Gireesh Rajashekara
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University Wooster, OH, USA
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49
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Gupta G, Peine KJ, Abdelhamid D, Snider H, Shelton AB, Rao L, Kotha SR, Huntsman AC, Varikuti S, Oghumu S, Naman CB, Pan L, Parinandi NL, Papenfuss TL, Kinghorn AD, Bachelder EM, Ainslie KM, Fuchs JR, Satoskar AR. A Novel Sterol Isolated from a Plant Used by Mayan Traditional Healers Is Effective in Treatment of Visceral Leishmaniasis Caused by Leishmania donovani. ACS Infect Dis 2015; 1:497-506. [PMID: 27623316 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.5b00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani, is a global health problem affecting millions of people worldwide. Treatment of VL largely depends on therapeutic drugs such as pentavalent antimonials, amphotericin B, and others, which have major drawbacks due to drug resistance, toxicity, and high cost. In this study, for the first time, we have successfully demonstrated the synthesis and antileishmanial activity of the novel sterol pentalinonsterol (PEN), which occurs naturally in the root of a Mexican medicinal plant, Pentalinon andrieuxii. In the experimental BALB/c mouse model of VL induced by infection with L. donovani, intravenous treatment with liposome-encapsulated PEN (2.5 mg/kg) led to a significant reduction in parasite burden in the liver and spleen. Furthermore, infected mice treated with liposomal PEN showed a strong host-protective TH1 immune response characterized by IFN-γ production and formation of matured hepatic granulomas. These results indicate that PEN could be developed as a novel drug against VL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Gupta
- Department of Pathology,
The Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 320 West
10th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine of
Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes
3900, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Kevin J. Peine
- Molecular,
Cellular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, 484 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School
of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, 125 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Dalia Abdelhamid
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College
of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Heidi Snider
- Department of Pathology,
The Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 320 West
10th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Andrew B. Shelton
- Division
of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department
of Internal Medicine, The Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 473 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Latha Rao
- Division
of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department
of Internal Medicine, The Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 473 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Sainath R. Kotha
- Division
of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department
of Internal Medicine, The Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 473 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Andrew C. Huntsman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College
of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Sanjay Varikuti
- Department of Pathology,
The Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 320 West
10th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Steve Oghumu
- Department of Pathology,
The Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 320 West
10th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - C. Benjamin Naman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College
of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Li Pan
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College
of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Narasimham L. Parinandi
- Division
of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department
of Internal Medicine, The Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 473 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Tracy L. Papenfuss
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary
Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1900 Coffey Road, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Department
of Pathology, WIL Research, Ashland, Ohio 55805, United States
| | - A. Douglas Kinghorn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College
of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Eric M. Bachelder
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School
of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, 125 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Kristy M. Ainslie
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School
of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, 125 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - James R. Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College
of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Abhay R. Satoskar
- Department of Pathology,
The Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 320 West
10th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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50
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Haque A, Rahman MA, Fuchs JR, Chen ZG, Khuri FR, Shin DM, Amin AR. Abstract 29: Potent curcumin analog FLLL12 induces apoptosis in lung cancer cells through death receptor-5-dependent pathway. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Drug-associated toxicity is one of the major challenges in the management of cancer patients. Unlike chemotherapy drugs, the safety of natural compounds such as curcumin has been well established. However, the potential use of curcumin in cancer treatment has been compromised by its low bioavailability, limited tissue distribution, and rapid biotransformation leading to low efficacy. To circumvent these problems, more potent and bioavailable analogs have been synthesized. In the current study, we investigated the mechanism of anti-tumor effect of one such analog, FLLL12, in lung cancer cells.
Methods: A panel of premalignant and malignant lung cancer cell lines was used for the study. SRB assay was used to measure cell growth inhibition and IC50. Annexin-V staining was conducted for apoptosis assay. Expression of mRNAs and proteins were measured by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Small molecule chemical inhibitors and siRNA-mediated knockdown strategies were used to inactivate and shut down the expression of the relevant proteins, respectively.
Results: IC50 values (0.63-1.67 μM for FLLL12 as compared to 6.06-12.4 μM for curcumin, depending on the cell lines) and apoptosis results (annexin V staining and cleavage of PARP and caspase 3) suggest that FLLL12 is 5-10-fold more potent than curcumin against lung cancer cells. Moreover, FLLL12 induced the expression of death receptor-5 (DR5). Ablation of the expression of the components of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway (DR5, caspase 8 and BID) significantly protected cells from FLLL12-induced apoptosis as evidenced by reduced annexin V staining (p = 0.0008, p = 0.0001 and p = 0.0007 for DR5, caspase 8 and BID, respectively) and cleavage of PARP and caspase 3. Analysis of mRNA expression by RT-PCR revealed that FLLL-12 had no significant effect on the expression of DR5 mRNA. Interestingly, inhibition of global phosphatase activity by phosphatase inhibitor cocktail (PIC) completely abolished DR5 expression and significantly inhibited apoptosis (p = 0.0007 and p = 0.001, respectively) and the cleavage of casepase-3 and PARP. Similarly, inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) by sodium orthovanadate, but not by the alkaline phosphatase inhibitor imidazole, inhibited DR5 expression, apoptosis (p = 0.006) and cleavage of caspase-3 and PARP, suggesting the involvement of PTPs in the regulation of DR5 expression. FLLL12 also induced the expression of p53 and p73. However, inactivation of these proteins with their dominant negative construct or siRNA had no significant effects on apoptosis induction.
Conclusions: Our results strongly suggest that FLLL12 induces apoptosis of lung cancer cell lines by posttranscriptional regulation of DR5 through activation of protein tyrosine phosphatase(s). This study was supported by NCI R03 CA171663, NCI P50 CA128613 and Robbins Scholar Award of Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University.
Citation Format: Abedul Haque, Mohammad A. Rahman, James R. Fuchs, Zhuo G. Chen, Fadlo R. Khuri, Dong M. Shin, A.R.M. Ruhul Amin. Potent curcumin analog FLLL12 induces apoptosis in lung cancer cells through death receptor-5-dependent pathway. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 29. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-29
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Affiliation(s)
- Abedul Haque
- 1Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | | | | | - Zhuo G. Chen
- 1Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Fadlo R. Khuri
- 1Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Dong M. Shin
- 1Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA
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