1
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Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Kozanno L, Plotkin SR, Jordan JT, Rd Rizzo JF. Histologic correlates of "Choroidal abnormalities" in Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Acta Neuropathol 2024; 147:71. [PMID: 38607446 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-024-02724-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by proliferation of cells from neural crest origin. The most common manifestations are cutaneous, neurologic, skeletal and ocular. The distinction of NF1 from other syndromes with multiple café-au-lait macules may be difficult in the pediatric age group, and ocular findings, especially Lisch nodules (i.e., melanocytic hamartomas on the irides), are a useful, early diagnostic tool. In recent years, novel ocular manifestations descriptively referred to as "choroidal abnormalities", choroidal "hyperpigmented spots" and "retinal vascular abnormalities" have been recognized in NF1. Choroidal abnormalities (CA) appear as bright patchy nodules that can be best detected with near-infrared ocular coherence tomography imaging (NIR-OCT). Because of their high specificity and sensitivity for NF1, CA have been added as an ocular diagnostic criterion of NF1 as an alternative to Lisch nodules. Although CA are important ocular diagnostic criteria for NF1, the histologic correlates are controversial. We present the postmortem ocular pathology findings of an NF1 patient for whom clinical notes and ocular imaging were available. Findings in this patient included choroidal hyperpigmented spots on funduscopy and retinal vascular abnormalities, both of which have been reported to be closely associated with CA. Histologic examination of the eyes showed multiple clusters of melanocytes of varying sizes in the choroid. Pathologic review of 12 additional postmortem eyes from 6 NF1 patients showed multiple, bilateral choroidal melanocytic aggregates in all eyes. These findings suggest that the CA seen on NIR-OCT and the hyperpigmented spots seen clinically in NF1 patients are manifestations of multifocal choroidal melanocytic clusters, consistent with choroidal melanocytic hamartomas. Lisch nodules, often multiple, were present in all eyes with morphology that differed from the choroidal hamartomas. As such, although CA and Lisch nodules are melanocytic hamartomas, there are clear phenotypical differences in their morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat O Stemmer-Rachamimov
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 20114, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Liana Kozanno
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 20114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Scott R Plotkin
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Neurology and Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 20114, USA
| | - Justin T Jordan
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Neurology and Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 20114, USA
| | - Joseph F Rd Rizzo
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Neuro-Ophthalmology Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, 243 Charles St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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2
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Siegele BJ, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Lilljebjorn H, Fioretos T, Winters AC, Dal Cin P, Treece A, Gaskell A, Nardi V. N-terminus DUX4-immunohistochemistry is a reliable methodology for the diagnosis of DUX4-fused B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (N-terminus DUX4 IHC for DUX4-fused B-ALL). Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2022; 61:449-458. [PMID: 35218117 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.23033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (B-ALL) is the most common pediatric malignancy and the most commonly diagnosed adult lymphoblastic leukemia. Recent advances have broadened the spectrum of B-ALL, with DUX4 gene fusions implicated in a subclass occurring in adolescents and young adults and harboring a favorable prognosis. DUX4 fusions have been challenging to identify. We aimed to determine whether expression of the DUX4 oncoprotein, as detected by targeted immunohistochemistry, might serve as a surrogate for molecular detection of DUX4 fusions in B-ALL. A cohort of investigational B-ALLs was generated with enrichment for DUX4 fusions by inclusion of cases with characteristic demographic features and immunophenotypic properties. B-ALLs with mutually exclusive cytogenetics were collected. Immunohistochemical staining by a monoclonal antibody raised against the N-terminus of the DUX4 protein was performed. N-DUX4 immunohistochemistry demonstrated strong, crisp nuclear staining in blasts of seven investigational cases, six of which had nucleic acid material available for molecular evaluation. Five of these cases demonstrated RNA-seq DUX4-fusion positivity. One N-DUX4 immunohistochemistry positive case lacked a definitive DUX4-fusion by RNA-seq, though demonstrated a gene expression profile characteristic of DUX4-rearranged B-ALLs, a CD2+ immunophenotype, and a lack of staining by C-terminus DUX4 antibody immunohistochemistry. At least 83.3% [5/6] positive predictive value. N-DUX4 immunohistochemistry was negative in blasts of three RNA-seq DUX4-fusion negative cases (3/3; 100% negative predictive value). B-ALLs with mutually-exclusive cytogenetic profiles were all N-DUX4 negative (0/10, specificity 100%). N-DUX4 immunohistochemistry is reliable for the distinction of DUX4-rearranged B-ALLs from other B-ALLs. We recommend its use for subclassification of B-ALLs in adolescents and young adults and in B-ALLs that remain "not otherwise specified." This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradford J Siegele
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Henrik Lilljebjorn
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University and Regional Laboratories, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Thoas Fioretos
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University and Regional Laboratories, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Amanda C Winters
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Paola Dal Cin
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amy Treece
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Alisa Gaskell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Valentina Nardi
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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3
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Freeman SS, Sade-Feldman M, Kim J, Stewart C, Gonye AL, Ravi A, Arniella MB, Gushterova I, LaSalle TJ, Blaum EM, Yizhak K, Frederick DT, Sharova T, Leshchiner I, Elagina L, Spiro OG, Livitz D, Rosebrock D, Aguet F, Carrot-Zhang J, Ha G, Lin Z, Chen JH, Barzily-Rokni M, Hammond MR, Vitzthum von Eckstaedt HC, Blackmon SM, Jiao YJ, Gabriel S, Lawrence DP, Duncan LM, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Wargo JA, Flaherty KT, Sullivan RJ, Boland GM, Meyerson M, Getz G, Hacohen N. Combined tumor and immune signals from genomes or transcriptomes predict outcomes of checkpoint inhibition in melanoma. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100500. [PMID: 35243413 PMCID: PMC8861826 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (CPB) improves melanoma outcomes, but many patients still do not respond. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) and tumor-infiltrating T cells are associated with response, and integrative models improve survival prediction. However, integrating immune/tumor-intrinsic features using data from a single assay (DNA/RNA) remains underexplored. Here, we analyze whole-exome and bulk RNA sequencing of tumors from new and published cohorts of 189 and 178 patients with melanoma receiving CPB, respectively. Using DNA, we calculate T cell and B cell burdens (TCB/BCB) from rearranged TCR/Ig sequences and find that patients with TMBhigh and TCBhigh or BCBhigh have improved outcomes compared to other patients. By combining pairs of immune- and tumor-expressed genes, we identify three gene pairs associated with response and survival, which validate in independent cohorts. The top model includes lymphocyte-expressed MAP4K1 and tumor-expressed TBX3. Overall, RNA or DNA-based models combining immune and tumor measures improve predictions of melanoma CPB outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel S. Freeman
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Moshe Sade-Feldman
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Medicine, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jaegil Kim
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Chip Stewart
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Anna L.K. Gonye
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Medicine, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Arvind Ravi
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Irena Gushterova
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Medicine, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Thomas J. LaSalle
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Medicine, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Emily M. Blaum
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Medicine, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Keren Yizhak
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer Science, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 2611001, Israel
| | - Dennie T. Frederick
- Department of Medicine, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Tatyana Sharova
- Department of Medicine, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ignaty Leshchiner
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Medicine, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | | - Oliver G. Spiro
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Dimitri Livitz
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - François Aguet
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jian Carrot-Zhang
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Gavin Ha
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle 98109, WA, USA
| | - Ziao Lin
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Harvard University, Cambridge MA, 02138
| | - Jonathan H. Chen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114, MA, USA
| | - Michal Barzily-Rokni
- Department of Medicine, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Marc R. Hammond
- Department of Medicine, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | | - Shauna M. Blackmon
- Department of Medicine, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Yunxin J. Jiao
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stacey Gabriel
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Donald P. Lawrence
- Department of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Lyn M. Duncan
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114, MA, USA
| | | | - Jennifer A. Wargo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Keith T. Flaherty
- Department of Medicine, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ryan J. Sullivan
- Department of Medicine, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Genevieve M. Boland
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02115, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Meyerson
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02115, MA, USA
| | - Gad Getz
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Medicine, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard University, Cambridge MA, 02138
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02115, MA, USA
| | - Nir Hacohen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Medicine, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02115, MA, USA
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4
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Chang LS, Oblinger JL, Smith AE, Ferrer M, Angus SP, Hawley E, Petrilli AM, Beauchamp RL, Riecken LB, Erdin S, Poi M, Huang J, Bessler WK, Zhang X, Guha R, Thomas C, Burns SS, Gilbert TSK, Jiang L, Li X, Lu Q, Yuan J, He Y, Dixon SAH, Masters A, Jones DR, Yates CW, Haggarty SJ, La Rosa S, Welling DB, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Plotkin SR, Gusella JF, Guinney J, Morrison H, Ramesh V, Fernandez-Valle C, Johnson GL, Blakeley JO, Clapp DW. Brigatinib causes tumor shrinkage in both NF2-deficient meningioma and schwannoma through inhibition of multiple tyrosine kinases but not ALK. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252048. [PMID: 34264955 PMCID: PMC8282008 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2) is an autosomal dominant genetic syndrome caused by mutations in the NF2 tumor suppressor gene resulting in multiple schwannomas and meningiomas. There are no FDA approved therapies for these tumors and their relentless progression results in high rates of morbidity and mortality. Through a combination of high throughput screens, preclinical in vivo modeling, and evaluation of the kinome en masse, we identified actionable drug targets and efficacious experimental therapeutics for the treatment of NF2 related schwannomas and meningiomas. These efforts identified brigatinib (ALUNBRIG®), an FDA-approved inhibitor of multiple tyrosine kinases including ALK, to be a potent inhibitor of tumor growth in established NF2 deficient xenograft meningiomas and a genetically engineered murine model of spontaneous NF2 schwannomas. Surprisingly, neither meningioma nor schwannoma cells express ALK. Instead, we demonstrate that brigatinib inhibited multiple tyrosine kinases, including EphA2, Fer and focal adhesion kinase 1 (FAK1). These data demonstrate the power of the de novo unbiased approach for drug discovery and represents a major step forward in the advancement of therapeutics for the treatment of NF2 related malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Sheng Chang
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (L-SC); (DWC)
| | - Janet L. Oblinger
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Abbi E. Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Marc Ferrer
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Steven P. Angus
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Eric Hawley
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Alejandra M. Petrilli
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Lake Nona-Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Roberta L. Beauchamp
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Department of Neurology, Center for Genomic Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | - Serkan Erdin
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Department of Neurology, Center for Genomic Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ming Poi
- Division of Pharmacy Practice and Science, The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jie Huang
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Waylan K. Bessler
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Xiaohu Zhang
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Rajarshi Guha
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Craig Thomas
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sarah S. Burns
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Thomas S. K. Gilbert
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Qingbo Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Jin Yuan
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Yongzheng He
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Shelley A. H. Dixon
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Andrea Masters
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - David R. Jones
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Charles W. Yates
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head/Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Stephen J. Haggarty
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Department of Neurology, Center for Genomic Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Salvatore La Rosa
- Children’s Tumor Foundation, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - D. Bradley Welling
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anat O. Stemmer-Rachamimov
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Scott R. Plotkin
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Department of Neurology, Center for Genomic Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - James F. Gusella
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Justin Guinney
- Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Helen Morrison
- Leibniz Institute on Aging–Fritz-Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Vijaya Ramesh
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Department of Neurology, Center for Genomic Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Cristina Fernandez-Valle
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Lake Nona-Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Gary L. Johnson
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jaishri O. Blakeley
- Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - D. Wade Clapp
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- * E-mail: (L-SC); (DWC)
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5
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Richardson LG, Nieman LT, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Zheng XS, Stafford K, Nagashima H, Miller JJ, Kiyokawa J, Ting DT, Wakimoto H, Cahill DP, Choi BD, Curry WT. IDH-mutant gliomas harbor fewer regulatory T cells in humans and mice. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1806662. [PMID: 32923170 PMCID: PMC7458656 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1806662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic gene isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) is commonly mutated in lower grade glioma (LGG) and secondary glioblastoma (GBM). Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a significant role in the suppression of antitumor immunity in human glioma. Given the importance of Tregs in the overall framework of designing immune-based therapies, a better understanding on their association with IDH mutational status remains of critical clinical importance. Using multispectral imaging analysis, we compared the incidence of Tregs in IDH-mutant and IDH wild-type glioma from patient tumor samples of LGG. An orthotopic IDH-mutant murine model was generated to evaluate the role of mutant IDH on Treg infiltration by immunohistochemistry. When compared to IDH wild-type controls, Tregs are disproportionally underrepresented in mutant disease, even when taken as a proportion of all infiltrating T cells. Our findings suggest that therapeutic agents targeting Tregs may be more appropriate in modulating the immune response to wild-type disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leland G Richardson
- Translational Brain Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Linda T Nieman
- Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Xijin S Zheng
- Translational Brain Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Khalifa Stafford
- Translational Brain Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hiroaki Nagashima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julie J Miller
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juri Kiyokawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David T Ting
- Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hiroaki Wakimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel P Cahill
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bryan D Choi
- Translational Brain Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William T Curry
- Translational Brain Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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6
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Weaver LK, Oliver LC, Deru K, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO. Myositis associated with carbon monoxide poisoning. Undersea Hyperb Med 2019; 46:63-67. [PMID: 31154686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning causes hypoxia and inflammation, which could adversely affect muscle. We could find no published information about CO poisoning causing myositis. CASE REPORT A 53-year-old previously healthy female semi truck driver had CO poisoning from a faulty diesel engine exhaust intermittently over three months, culminating in an episode of acute CO poisoning, with syncope after exiting the truck at the end of the three-month period. Neuropsychological symptoms immediately after the acute poisoning event were followed by the development of fatigue, weakness and myalgias within two months and a diagnosis of "polymyositis" within four months. C-reactive protein and creatine kinase were elevated. Electromyogram showed pure myopathy without sensory abnormalities. Occult malignancy was ruled out. Thigh muscle biopsy revealed severe inflammatory myopathy and myonecrosis. Muscle specialist pathologists interpreted the biopsy as toxic or viral inflammatory myopathy, not polymyositis, with CO poisoning as the likely etiology. She received steroids and mycophenolate. Nineteen months later, a repeat biopsy was negative for inflammation or myopathic process. Alternative diagnoses were ruled out by clinical investigation and her course over the next five years. CONCLUSION This patient's presentation and clinical course support a diagnosis of myositis from CO poisoning, although it is possible that the myositis was either idiopathic or post-viral (without evidence of a causative virus).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindell K Weaver
- Division of Hyperbaric Medicine Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, Utah U.S>
- Intermountain LDS Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah U.S
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah U.S
| | - L Christine Oliver
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Kayla Deru
- Division of Hyperbaric Medicine Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, Utah U.S>
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7
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Isakson SH, Rizzardi AE, Coutts AW, Carlson DF, Kirstein MN, Fisher J, Vitte J, Williams KB, Pluhar GE, Dahiya S, Widemann BC, Dombi E, Rizvi T, Ratner N, Messiaen L, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Fahrenkrug SC, Gutmann DH, Giovannini M, Moertel CL, Largaespada DA, Watson AL. Genetically engineered minipigs model the major clinical features of human neurofibromatosis type 1. Commun Biol 2018; 1:158. [PMID: 30302402 PMCID: PMC6168575 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-018-0163-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is a genetic disease caused by mutations in Neurofibromin 1 (NF1). NF1 patients present with a variety of clinical manifestations and are predisposed to cancer development. Many NF1 animal models have been developed, yet none display the spectrum of disease seen in patients and the translational impact of these models has been limited. We describe a minipig model that exhibits clinical hallmarks of NF1, including café au lait macules, neurofibromas, and optic pathway glioma. Spontaneous loss of heterozygosity is observed in this model, a phenomenon also described in NF1 patients. Oral administration of a mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase inhibitor suppresses Ras signaling. To our knowledge, this model provides an unprecedented opportunity to study the complex biology and natural history of NF1 and could prove indispensable for development of imaging methods, biomarkers, and evaluation of safety and efficacy of NF1-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara H Isakson
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Room 3-129, Cancer Cardiovascular Research Building, 2231 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Anthony E Rizzardi
- Recombinetics Inc., 1246 University Avenue W., Suite 301, St. Paul, MN, 55104, USA
| | - Alexander W Coutts
- Recombinetics Inc., 1246 University Avenue W., Suite 301, St. Paul, MN, 55104, USA
| | - Daniel F Carlson
- Recombinetics Inc., 1246 University Avenue W., Suite 301, St. Paul, MN, 55104, USA
| | - Mark N Kirstein
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Room 3-129, Cancer Cardiovascular Research Building, 2231 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Room 459, 717 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
| | - James Fisher
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Room 459, 717 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
| | - Jeremie Vitte
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center (JCCC), University of California Los Angeles, 675 Charles E Young Drive S, MRL Room 2240, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Kyle B Williams
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Room 3-129, Cancer Cardiovascular Research Building, 2231 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - G Elizabeth Pluhar
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Room 3-129, Cancer Cardiovascular Research Building, 2231 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1365 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Sonika Dahiya
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660S. Euclid Avenue, CB 8118, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Brigitte C Widemann
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, CRC 1-5750, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Eva Dombi
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, CRC 1-5750, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Tilat Rizvi
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, ML 7013, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Nancy Ratner
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, ML 7013, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Ludwine Messiaen
- Medical Genomics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Kaul Building, 720 20th Street South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Anat O Stemmer-Rachamimov
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Warren Building, Room 333A, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Scott C Fahrenkrug
- Recombinetics Inc., 1246 University Avenue W., Suite 301, St. Paul, MN, 55104, USA
| | - David H Gutmann
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8111, 660S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Marco Giovannini
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center (JCCC), University of California Los Angeles, 675 Charles E Young Drive S, MRL Room 2240, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Christopher L Moertel
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Room 3-129, Cancer Cardiovascular Research Building, 2231 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Room 3-129, Cancer Cardiovascular Research Building, 2231 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - David A Largaespada
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Room 3-129, Cancer Cardiovascular Research Building, 2231 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Room 3-129, Cancer Cardiovascular Research Building, 2231 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Adrienne L Watson
- Recombinetics Inc., 1246 University Avenue W., Suite 301, St. Paul, MN, 55104, USA.
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8
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Wu LMN, Deng Y, Wang J, Zhao C, Wang J, Rao R, Xu L, Zhou W, Choi K, Rizvi TA, Remke M, Rubin JB, Johnson RL, Carroll TJ, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Wu J, Zheng Y, Xin M, Ratner N, Lu QR. Programming of Schwann Cells by Lats1/2-TAZ/YAP Signaling Drives Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumorigenesis. Cancer Cell 2018; 33:292-308.e7. [PMID: 29438698 PMCID: PMC5813693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are highly aggressive Schwann cell (SC)-lineage-derived sarcomas. Molecular events driving SC-to-MPNST transformation are incompletely understood. Here, we show that human MPNSTs exhibit elevated HIPPO-TAZ/YAP expression, and that TAZ/YAP hyperactivity in SCs caused by Lats1/2 loss potently induces high-grade nerve-associated tumors with full penetrance. Lats1/2 deficiency reprograms SCs to a cancerous, progenitor-like phenotype and promotes hyperproliferation. Conversely, disruption of TAZ/YAP activity alleviates tumor burden in Lats1/2-deficient mice and inhibits human MPNST cell proliferation. Moreover, genome-wide profiling reveals that TAZ/YAP-TEAD1 directly activates oncogenic programs, including platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) signaling. Co-targeting TAZ/YAP and PDGFR pathways inhibits tumor growth. Thus, our findings establish a previously unrecognized convergence between Lats1/2-TAZ/YAP signaling and MPNST pathogenesis, revealing potential therapeutic targets in these untreatable tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai Man Natalie Wu
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Yaqi Deng
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Chuntao Zhao
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Rohit Rao
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Lingli Xu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kwangmin Choi
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Tilat A Rizvi
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Marc Remke
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology, Neuropathology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany; Department of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Joshua B Rubin
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Randy L Johnson
- Department of Cancer Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Thomas J Carroll
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Anat O Stemmer-Rachamimov
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jianqiang Wu
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Yi Zheng
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Mei Xin
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Nancy Ratner
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Q Richard Lu
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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9
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Jenkins RW, Aref AR, Lizotte PH, Ivanova E, Stinson S, Zhou CW, Bowden M, Deng J, Liu H, Miao D, He MX, Walker W, Zhang G, Tian T, Cheng C, Wei Z, Palakurthi S, Bittinger M, Vitzthum H, Kim JW, Merlino A, Quinn M, Venkataramani C, Kaplan JA, Portell A, Gokhale PC, Phillips B, Smart A, Rotem A, Jones RE, Keogh L, Anguiano M, Stapleton L, Jia Z, Barzily-Rokni M, Cañadas I, Thai TC, Hammond MR, Vlahos R, Wang ES, Zhang H, Li S, Hanna GJ, Huang W, Hoang MP, Piris A, Eliane JP, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Cameron L, Su MJ, Shah P, Izar B, Thakuria M, LeBoeuf NR, Rabinowits G, Gunda V, Parangi S, Cleary JM, Miller BC, Kitajima S, Thummalapalli R, Miao B, Barbie TU, Sivathanu V, Wong J, Richards WG, Bueno R, Yoon CH, Miret J, Herlyn M, Garraway LA, Van Allen EM, Freeman GJ, Kirschmeier PT, Lorch JH, Ott PA, Hodi FS, Flaherty KT, Kamm RD, Boland GM, Wong KK, Dornan D, Paweletz CP, Barbie DA. Ex Vivo Profiling of PD-1 Blockade Using Organotypic Tumor Spheroids. Cancer Discov 2017; 8:196-215. [PMID: 29101162 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-17-0833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 326] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ex vivo systems that incorporate features of the tumor microenvironment and model the dynamic response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) may facilitate efforts in precision immuno-oncology and the development of effective combination therapies. Here, we demonstrate the ability to interrogate ex vivo response to ICB using murine- and patient-derived organotypic tumor spheroids (MDOTS/PDOTS). MDOTS/PDOTS isolated from mouse and human tumors retain autologous lymphoid and myeloid cell populations and respond to ICB in short-term three-dimensional microfluidic culture. Response and resistance to ICB was recapitulated using MDOTS derived from established immunocompetent mouse tumor models. MDOTS profiling demonstrated that TBK1/IKKε inhibition enhanced response to PD-1 blockade, which effectively predicted tumor response in vivo Systematic profiling of secreted cytokines in PDOTS captured key features associated with response and resistance to PD-1 blockade. Thus, MDOTS/PDOTS profiling represents a novel platform to evaluate ICB using established murine models as well as clinically relevant patient specimens.Significance: Resistance to PD-1 blockade remains a challenge for many patients, and biomarkers to guide treatment are lacking. Here, we demonstrate feasibility of ex vivo profiling of PD-1 blockade to interrogate the tumor immune microenvironment, develop therapeutic combinations, and facilitate precision immuno-oncology efforts. Cancer Discov; 8(2); 196-215. ©2017 AACR.See related commentary by Balko and Sosman, p. 143See related article by Deng et al., p. 216This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 127.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell W Jenkins
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amir R Aref
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Patrick H Lizotte
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elena Ivanova
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Chensheng W Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michaela Bowden
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jiehui Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hongye Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Diana Miao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Meng Xiao He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Harvard Graduate Program in Biophysics, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - William Walker
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gao Zhang
- Melanoma Research Center and Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Chaoran Cheng
- Department of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Zhi Wei
- Department of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Sangeetha Palakurthi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mark Bittinger
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hans Vitzthum
- Division of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jong Wook Kim
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Ashley Merlino
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Max Quinn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Andrew Portell
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Prafulla C Gokhale
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Alicia Smart
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Asaf Rotem
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert E Jones
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lauren Keogh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maria Anguiano
- Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | | | - Michal Barzily-Rokni
- Division of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Israel Cañadas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tran C Thai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marc R Hammond
- Division of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Raven Vlahos
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eric S Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Glenn J Hanna
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mai P Hoang
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Adriano Piris
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jean-Pierre Eliane
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anat O Stemmer-Rachamimov
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lisa Cameron
- Confocal and Light Microscopy Core Facility, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mei-Ju Su
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Parin Shah
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Benjamin Izar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Manisha Thakuria
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nicole R LeBoeuf
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Guilherme Rabinowits
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Viswanath Gunda
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sareh Parangi
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James M Cleary
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brian C Miller
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shunsuke Kitajima
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rohit Thummalapalli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Benchun Miao
- Division of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Thanh U Barbie
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vivek Sivathanu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Joshua Wong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - William G Richards
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Raphael Bueno
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Charles H Yoon
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Juan Miret
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Meenhard Herlyn
- Melanoma Research Center and Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Levi A Garraway
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eliezer M Van Allen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Gordon J Freeman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paul T Kirschmeier
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jochen H Lorch
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Patrick A Ott
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - F Stephen Hodi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Keith T Flaherty
- Division of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Roger D Kamm
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Genevieve M Boland
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kwok-Kin Wong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Cloud Peter Paweletz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David A Barbie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
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10
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Bi WL, Greenwald NF, Abedalthagafi M, Wala J, Gibson WJ, Agarwalla PK, Horowitz P, Schumacher SE, Esaulova E, Mei Y, Chevalier A, A Ducar M, Thorner AR, van Hummelen P, O Stemmer-Rachamimov A, Artyomov M, Al-Mefty O, Dunn GP, Santagata S, Dunn IF, Beroukhim R. Erratum: Genomic landscape of high-grade meningiomas. NPJ Genom Med 2017; 2:26. [PMID: 29263836 PMCID: PMC5677977 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-017-0023-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Linda Bi
- Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Noah F Greenwald
- Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Malak Abedalthagafi
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA USA.,Research Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,The Saudi Human Genome Project Lab, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jeremiah Wala
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Will J Gibson
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Pankaj K Agarwalla
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Peleg Horowitz
- Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Steven E Schumacher
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Ekaterina Esaulova
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA.,Computer Technologies Department, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yu Mei
- Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | | | - Matthew A Ducar
- Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Aaron R Thorner
- Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Paul van Hummelen
- Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | | | - Maksym Artyomov
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Ossama Al-Mefty
- Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Gavin P Dunn
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA.,Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Ian F Dunn
- Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Rameen Beroukhim
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
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11
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Loretelli C, Moore RF, Ben Nasr M, Dellepiane S, Balan M, Mounayar M, Usuelli V, El Essawy B, D'Addio F, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Zuccotti GV, Pal S, Fiorina P, Abdi R. Immunoevasion rather than intrinsic oncogenicity may confer MSCs from non-obese diabetic mice the ability to generate neural tumors. Acta Diabetol 2017; 54:707-712. [PMID: 28224274 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-017-0967-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Loretelli
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Robert F Moore
- Nephrology Division, Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, LMRC Building, Room 310, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Moufida Ben Nasr
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Nephrology Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Enders Building 5th floor Room EN511, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sergio Dellepiane
- Nephrology Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Enders Building 5th floor Room EN511, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Murugabaskar Balan
- Nephrology Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Enders Building 5th floor Room EN511, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marwan Mounayar
- Nephrology Division, Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, LMRC Building, Room 310, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vera Usuelli
- Nephrology Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Enders Building 5th floor Room EN511, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Francesca D'Addio
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, Ospedale dei Bambini-V. Buzzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Soumitro Pal
- Nephrology Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Enders Building 5th floor Room EN511, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paolo Fiorina
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
- Nephrology Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Enders Building 5th floor Room EN511, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Reza Abdi
- Nephrology Division, Transplantation Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, LMRC Building, Room 310, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, USA.
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12
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Lam JD, Oh DJ, Wong LL, Amarnani D, Park-Windhol C, Sanchez AV, Cardona-Velez J, McGuone D, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Eliott D, Bielenberg DR, van Zyl T, Shen L, Gai X, D'Amore PA, Kim LA, Arboleda-Velasquez JF. Identification of RUNX1 as a Mediator of Aberrant Retinal Angiogenesis. Diabetes 2017; 66:1950-1956. [PMID: 28400392 PMCID: PMC5482092 DOI: 10.2337/db16-1035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is a common cause of blindness in the developed world's working adult population and affects those with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. We identified Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) as a gene upregulated in CD31+ vascular endothelial cells obtained from human PDR fibrovascular membranes (FVMs) via transcriptomic analysis. In vitro studies using human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) showed increased RUNX1 RNA and protein expression in response to high glucose, whereas RUNX1 inhibition reduced HRMEC migration, proliferation, and tube formation. Immunohistochemical staining for RUNX1 showed reactivity in vessels of patient-derived FVMs and angiogenic tufts in the retina of mice with oxygen-induced retinopathy, suggesting that RUNX1 upregulation is a hallmark of aberrant retinal angiogenesis. Inhibition of RUNX1 activity with the Ro5-3335 small molecule resulted in a significant reduction of neovascular tufts in oxygen-induced retinopathy, supporting the feasibility of targeting RUNX1 in aberrant retinal angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D Lam
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Daniel J Oh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Lindsay L Wong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Dhanesh Amarnani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Cindy Park-Windhol
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Angie V Sanchez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jonathan Cardona-Velez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Declan McGuone
- C.S. Kubik Laboratory for Neuropathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | | | - Dean Eliott
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Diane R Bielenberg
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Tave van Zyl
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Lishuang Shen
- Center for Personalized Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Xiaowu Gai
- Center for Personalized Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Patricia A D'Amore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Leo A Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Joseph F Arboleda-Velasquez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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13
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Kim D, Niemierko A, Hwang WL, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Curry WT, Barker FG, Martuza RL, Oh KS, Loeffler JS, Shih HA. Histopathological prognostic factors of recurrence following definitive therapy for atypical and malignant meningiomas. J Neurosurg 2017. [PMID: 28621619 DOI: 10.3171/2016.11.jns16913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with atypical and malignant (WHO Grade II and III) meningiomas have a worse prognosis than patients with benign (WHO Grade I) meningiomas. However, there is limited understanding of the pathological risk factors that affect long-term tumor control following combined treatment with surgery and radiation therapy. Here, the authors identify clinical and histopathological risk factors for the progression and/or recurrence (P/R) of high-grade meningiomas based on the largest series of patients with atypical and malignant meningiomas, as defined by the 2007 WHO classification. METHODS Patients diagnosed with WHO Grade II and III meningiomas between 2007 and 2014 per the WHO 2007 criteria and treated with both surgery and external beam radiation therapy were retrospectively reviewed for clinical and histopathological factors at the time of diagnosis and assessed for P/R outcomes at the last available follow-up. RESULTS A total of 76 patients met the inclusion criteria (66 Grade II meningiomas, 10 Grade III meningiomas). Median follow-up from the time of pathological diagnosis was 52.6 months. Three factors were found to predict P/R: Grade III histology, brain and/or bone invasion, and a Ki-67 proliferation rate at or above 3%. The crude P/R rate was 80% for patients with Grade III histology, 40% for those with brain and/or bone involvement (regardless of WHO tumor grade), and 20% for those with a proliferative index ≥ 3% (regardless of WHO tumor grade). The median proliferation index was significantly different between patients in whom treatment failed and those in whom it did not fail (11% and 1%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In patients with atypical or malignant meningiomas, the presence of Grade III histology, brain and/or bone involvement, and a high mitotic index significantly predicted an increased risk of treatment failure despite combination therapy. These patients can be stratified into risk groups predicting P/R. Patients with high-risk features may benefit from more treatment and counseling than is typically offered currently.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - William T Curry
- 4Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Fred G Barker
- 4Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert L Martuza
- 4Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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14
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Lu F, Chen Y, Zhao C, Wang H, He D, Xu L, Wang J, He X, Deng Y, Lu EE, Liu X, Verma R, Bu H, Drissi R, Fouladi M, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Burns D, Xin M, Rubin JB, Bahassi EM, Canoll P, Holland EC, Lu QR. Olig2-Dependent Reciprocal Shift in PDGF and EGF Receptor Signaling Regulates Tumor Phenotype and Mitotic Growth in Malignant Glioma. Cancer Cell 2016; 29:669-683. [PMID: 27165742 PMCID: PMC4946168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2016.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Malignant gliomas exhibit extensive heterogeneity and poor prognosis. Here we identify mitotic Olig2-expressing cells as tumor-propagating cells in proneural gliomas, elimination of which blocks tumor initiation and progression. Intriguingly, deletion of Olig2 resulted in tumors that grow, albeit at a decelerated rate. Genome occupancy and expression profiling analyses reveal that Olig2 directly activates cell-proliferation machinery to promote tumorigenesis. Olig2 deletion causes a tumor phenotypic shift from an oligodendrocyte precursor-correlated proneural toward an astroglia-associated gene expression pattern, manifest in downregulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α and reciprocal upregulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Olig2 deletion further sensitizes glioma cells to EGFR inhibitors and extends the lifespan of animals. Thus, Olig2-orchestrated receptor signaling drives mitotic growth and regulates glioma phenotypic plasticity. Targeting Olig2 may circumvent resistance to EGFR-targeted drugs.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Astrocytes/metabolism
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- ErbB Receptors/genetics
- ErbB Receptors/metabolism
- Gene Expression Profiling/methods
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Glioma/genetics
- Glioma/metabolism
- Glioma/pathology
- Humans
- Mice, 129 Strain
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism
- Oligodendroglia/metabolism
- Phenotype
- Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/genetics
- Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Spheroids, Cellular/metabolism
- Survival Analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanghui Lu
- Laboratory of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 25229, USA
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Chuntao Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 25229, USA
| | - Haibo Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 25229, USA
| | - Danyang He
- Department of Pathology & Integrative Biology Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lingli Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 25229, USA
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 25229, USA
| | - Xuelian He
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 25229, USA
| | - Yaqi Deng
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 25229, USA
| | - Ellen E Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 25229, USA
| | - Xue Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Ravinder Verma
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 25229, USA
| | - Hong Bu
- Laboratory of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Rachid Drissi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 25229, USA
| | - Maryam Fouladi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 25229, USA
| | - Anat O Stemmer-Rachamimov
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Dennis Burns
- Department of Pathology & Integrative Biology Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Mei Xin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 25229, USA
| | - Joshua B Rubin
- Departments of Pediatrics and Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - El Mustapha Bahassi
- Department of Internal Medicine, UC Brain Tumor Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Peter Canoll
- Department of Pathology & Cellular Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Eric C Holland
- Division of Human Biology and Solid Tumor Translational Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Alvord Brain Tumor Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Q Richard Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 25229, USA; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China.
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15
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Wu J, Keng VW, Patmore DM, Kendall JJ, Patel AV, Jousma E, Jessen WJ, Choi K, Tschida BR, Silverstein KAT, Fan D, Schwartz EB, Fuchs JR, Zou Y, Kim MO, Dombi E, Levy DE, Huang G, Cancelas JA, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Spinner RJ, Largaespada DA, Ratner N. Insertional Mutagenesis Identifies a STAT3/Arid1b/β-catenin Pathway Driving Neurofibroma Initiation. Cell Rep 2016; 14:1979-90. [PMID: 26904939 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify genes and signaling pathways that initiate Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) neurofibromas, we used unbiased insertional mutagenesis screening, mouse models, and molecular analyses. We mapped an Nf1-Stat3-Arid1b/β-catenin pathway that becomes active in the context of Nf1 loss. Genetic deletion of Stat3 in Schwann cell progenitors (SCPs) and Schwann cells (SCs) prevents neurofibroma formation, decreasing SCP self-renewal and β-catenin activity. β-catenin expression rescues effects of Stat3 loss in SCPs. Importantly, P-STAT3 and β-catenin expression correlate in human neurofibromas. Mechanistically, P-Stat3 represses Gsk3β and the SWI/SNF gene Arid1b to increase β-catenin. Knockdown of Arid1b or Gsk3β in Stat3(fl/fl);Nf1(fl/fl);DhhCre SCPs rescues neurofibroma formation after in vivo transplantation. Stat3 represses Arid1b through histone modification in a Brg1-dependent manner, indicating that epigenetic modification plays a role in early tumorigenesis. Our data map a neural tumorigenesis pathway and support testing JAK/STAT and Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitors in neurofibroma therapeutic trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Wu
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Vincent W Keng
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Deanna M Patmore
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jed J Kendall
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Ami V Patel
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Edwin Jousma
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Walter J Jessen
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Kwangmin Choi
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Barbara R Tschida
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | - Danhua Fan
- Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Eric B Schwartz
- Ohio State University, College of Pharmacy, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - James R Fuchs
- Ohio State University, College of Pharmacy, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yuanshu Zou
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati Children's Hospital University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Mi-Ok Kim
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati Children's Hospital University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Eva Dombi
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - David E Levy
- Department of Pathology and New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Gang Huang
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jose A Cancelas
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Hoxworth Blood Center, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Anat O Stemmer-Rachamimov
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Robert J Spinner
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - David A Largaespada
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Nancy Ratner
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
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16
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Flavahan WA, Drier Y, Liau BB, Gillespie SM, Venteicher AS, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Suvà ML, Bernstein BE. Insulator dysfunction and oncogene activation in IDH mutant gliomas. Nature 2016; 529:110-4. [PMID: 26700815 PMCID: PMC4831574 DOI: 10.1038/nature16490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 818] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Gain-of-function IDH mutations are initiating events that define major clinical and prognostic classes of gliomas. Mutant IDH protein produces a new onco-metabolite, 2-hydroxyglutarate, which interferes with iron-dependent hydroxylases, including the TET family of 5'-methylcytosine hydroxylases. TET enzymes catalyse a key step in the removal of DNA methylation. IDH mutant gliomas thus manifest a CpG island methylator phenotype (G-CIMP), although the functional importance of this altered epigenetic state remains unclear. Here we show that human IDH mutant gliomas exhibit hypermethylation at cohesin and CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF)-binding sites, compromising binding of this methylation-sensitive insulator protein. Reduced CTCF binding is associated with loss of insulation between topological domains and aberrant gene activation. We specifically demonstrate that loss of CTCF at a domain boundary permits a constitutive enhancer to interact aberrantly with the receptor tyrosine kinase gene PDGFRA, a prominent glioma oncogene. Treatment of IDH mutant gliomaspheres with a demethylating agent partially restores insulator function and downregulates PDGFRA. Conversely, CRISPR-mediated disruption of the CTCF motif in IDH wild-type gliomaspheres upregulates PDGFRA and increases proliferation. Our study suggests that IDH mutations promote gliomagenesis by disrupting chromosomal topology and allowing aberrant regulatory interactions that induce oncogene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Flavahan
- Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815, USA
| | - Yotam Drier
- Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815, USA
| | - Brian B Liau
- Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815, USA
| | - Shawn M Gillespie
- Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815, USA
| | - Andrew S Venteicher
- Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Anat O Stemmer-Rachamimov
- Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Mario L Suvà
- Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Bradley E Bernstein
- Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815, USA
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17
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Marciscano AE, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Niemierko A, Larvie M, Curry WT, Barker FG, Martuza RL, McGuone D, Oh KS, Loeffler JS, Shih HA. Benign meningiomas (WHO Grade I) with atypical histological features: correlation of histopathological features with clinical outcomes. J Neurosurg 2016; 124:106-14. [DOI: 10.3171/2015.1.jns142228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT
World Health Organization (WHO) Grade I (benign) meningiomas with atypical features may behave more aggressively than similarly graded tumors without atypical features. Here, the prognostic significance of atypical features in benign meningiomas was determined.
METHODS
Data from patients diagnosed with WHO Grade I benign meningiomas per the 2007 WHO criteria and who underwent surgery between 2002 and 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were stratified by the absence or presence of 1 to 2 atypical features with review of the clinical and histological factors.
RESULTS
A total of 148 patients met the inclusion criteria (n = 77 with atypia; n = 71 without atypia). The median follow-up duration after pathological diagnosis was 37.5 months. Thirty patients had progression/recurrence (P/R) after initial treatment, and 22 (73%) of 30 patients with P/R had 1–2 atypical features. The presence of atypical features was significantly associated with P/R (p = 0.03) and independent of the MIB-1 labeling index. The 1-year and 5-year actuarial rates of P/R were 9.6% versus 1.4% and 30.8% versus 13.8% fortumors with and without atypical features, respectively. Higher Simpson grade resection (II–IV vs I) was associated with the increased risk of P/R (p < 0.001). Stratification of patients into low-risk (Simpson Grade I), intermediate-risk (Simpson Grade II–IV with no atypical features), and high-risk groups (Simpson Grade II–IV with atypical features) was significantly correlated with increased risk of P/R (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Patients with benign meningiomas with atypical features and those undergoing Simpson Grade II–IV resection are at significantly increased risk of P/R. Patients with these features may benefit from the consideration of additional surgery and/or radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel E. Marciscano
- 1Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | | | | | | | - William T. Curry
- 5Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Fred G. Barker
- 5Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert L. Martuza
- 5Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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18
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Hwang WL, Marciscano AE, Niemierko A, Kim DW, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Curry WT, Barker FG, Martuza RL, Loeffler JS, Oh KS, Shih HA, Larvie M. Imaging and extent of surgical resection predict risk of meningioma recurrence better than WHO histopathological grade. Neuro Oncol 2015; 18:863-72. [PMID: 26597949 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Risk stratification of meningiomas by histopathological grade alone does not reliably predict which patients will progress/recur after treatment. We sought to determine whether preoperative imaging and clinical characteristics could predict histopathological grade and/or improve prognostication of progression/recurrence (P/R). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed preoperative MR and CT imaging features of 144 patients divided into low-grade (2007 WHO grade I; n = 118) and high-grade (2007 WHO grades II/III; n = 26) groups that underwent surgery between 2002 and 2013 (median follow-up of 49 months). RESULTS Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the risk factors most strongly associated with high-grade histopathology were male sex, low apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), absent calcification, and high peritumoral edema. Remarkably, multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis demonstrated that, in combination with extent of resection, ADC outperformed WHO histopathological grade for predicting which patients will suffer P/R after initial treatment. Stratification of patients into 3 risk groups based on non-Simpson grade I resection and low ADC as risk factors correlated with the likelihood of P/R (P < .001). The high-risk group (2 risk factors; n = 39) had a 45% cumulative incidence of P/R, whereas the low-risk group (0 risk factors; n = 31) had no P/R events at 5 years after treatment. Independent of histopathological grade, high-risk patients who received adjuvant radiotherapy had a lower 5-year crude rate of P/R than those without (17% vs 59%; P = .04). CONCLUSIONS Patients with non-Simpson grade I resection and low ADC meningiomas are at significantly increased risk of P/R and may benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy and/or additional surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- William L Hwang
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H., A.N., D.K., J.S.L., K.S.O., H.A.S.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H., M.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (A.E.M.); Harvard Business School Leadership Fellows Program, Boston, Massachusetts (D.K.); Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (A.O.S.-R.); Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.T.C., F.G.B., R.L.M.)
| | - Ariel E Marciscano
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H., A.N., D.K., J.S.L., K.S.O., H.A.S.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H., M.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (A.E.M.); Harvard Business School Leadership Fellows Program, Boston, Massachusetts (D.K.); Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (A.O.S.-R.); Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.T.C., F.G.B., R.L.M.)
| | - Andrzej Niemierko
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H., A.N., D.K., J.S.L., K.S.O., H.A.S.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H., M.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (A.E.M.); Harvard Business School Leadership Fellows Program, Boston, Massachusetts (D.K.); Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (A.O.S.-R.); Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.T.C., F.G.B., R.L.M.)
| | - Daniel W Kim
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H., A.N., D.K., J.S.L., K.S.O., H.A.S.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H., M.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (A.E.M.); Harvard Business School Leadership Fellows Program, Boston, Massachusetts (D.K.); Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (A.O.S.-R.); Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.T.C., F.G.B., R.L.M.)
| | - Anat O Stemmer-Rachamimov
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H., A.N., D.K., J.S.L., K.S.O., H.A.S.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H., M.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (A.E.M.); Harvard Business School Leadership Fellows Program, Boston, Massachusetts (D.K.); Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (A.O.S.-R.); Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.T.C., F.G.B., R.L.M.)
| | - William T Curry
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H., A.N., D.K., J.S.L., K.S.O., H.A.S.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H., M.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (A.E.M.); Harvard Business School Leadership Fellows Program, Boston, Massachusetts (D.K.); Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (A.O.S.-R.); Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.T.C., F.G.B., R.L.M.)
| | - Fred G Barker
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H., A.N., D.K., J.S.L., K.S.O., H.A.S.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H., M.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (A.E.M.); Harvard Business School Leadership Fellows Program, Boston, Massachusetts (D.K.); Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (A.O.S.-R.); Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.T.C., F.G.B., R.L.M.)
| | - Robert L Martuza
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H., A.N., D.K., J.S.L., K.S.O., H.A.S.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H., M.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (A.E.M.); Harvard Business School Leadership Fellows Program, Boston, Massachusetts (D.K.); Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (A.O.S.-R.); Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.T.C., F.G.B., R.L.M.)
| | - Jay S Loeffler
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H., A.N., D.K., J.S.L., K.S.O., H.A.S.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H., M.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (A.E.M.); Harvard Business School Leadership Fellows Program, Boston, Massachusetts (D.K.); Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (A.O.S.-R.); Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.T.C., F.G.B., R.L.M.)
| | - Kevin S Oh
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H., A.N., D.K., J.S.L., K.S.O., H.A.S.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H., M.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (A.E.M.); Harvard Business School Leadership Fellows Program, Boston, Massachusetts (D.K.); Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (A.O.S.-R.); Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.T.C., F.G.B., R.L.M.)
| | - Helen A Shih
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H., A.N., D.K., J.S.L., K.S.O., H.A.S.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H., M.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (A.E.M.); Harvard Business School Leadership Fellows Program, Boston, Massachusetts (D.K.); Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (A.O.S.-R.); Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.T.C., F.G.B., R.L.M.)
| | - Mykol Larvie
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H., A.N., D.K., J.S.L., K.S.O., H.A.S.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.L.H., M.L.); Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (A.E.M.); Harvard Business School Leadership Fellows Program, Boston, Massachusetts (D.K.); Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (A.O.S.-R.); Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (W.T.C., F.G.B., R.L.M.)
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19
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Stivaros SM, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Alston R, Plotkin SR, Nadol JB, Quesnel A, O'Malley J, Whitfield GA, McCabe MG, Freeman SR, Lloyd SK, Wright NB, Kilday JP, Kamaly-Asl ID, Mills SJ, Rutherford SA, King AT, Evans DG. Multiple synchronous sites of origin of vestibular schwannomas in neurofibromatosis Type 2. J Med Genet 2015; 52:557-62. [PMID: 26104281 PMCID: PMC4518745 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2015-103050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2) is a dominantly inherited tumour syndrome with a phenotype which includes bilateral vestibular (eighth cranial nerve) schwannomas. Conventional thinking suggests that these tumours originate at a single point along the superior division of the eighth nerve. Methods High resolution MRI was performed in children genetically proven to have NF2. The superior vestibular nerve (SVN) and inferior vestibular nerve (IVN) were visualised along their course with points of tumour origin calculated as a percentage relative to the length of the nerve. Results Out of 41 patients assessed, 7 patients had no identifiable eighth cranial nerve disease. In 16 patients there was complete filling of the internal auditory meatus by a tumour mass such that its specific neural origin could not be determined. In the remaining 18 cases, 86 discrete separate foci of tumour origin on the SVN or IVN could be identified including 23 tumours on the right SVN, 26 tumours on the right IVN, 18 tumours on the left SVN and 19 tumours on the left IVN. Discussion This study, examining the origins of vestibular schwannomas in NF2, refutes their origin as being from a single site on the transition zone of the superior division of the vestibular nerve. We hypothesise a relationship between the number of tumour foci, tumour biology and aggressiveness of disease. The development of targeted drug therapies in addition to bevacizumab are therefore essential to improve prognosis and quality of life in patients with NF2 given the shortcomings of surgery and radiation treatments when dealing with the multifocality of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavros M Stivaros
- Academic Unit of Paediatric Radiology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK Centre for Imaging Sciences, Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK Children's Brain Tumour Research Network, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Anat O Stemmer-Rachamimov
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert Alston
- National Drug Evidence Centre (NDEC), Centre for Epidemiology, Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Scott R Plotkin
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joseph B Nadol
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alicia Quesnel
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jennifer O'Malley
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gillian A Whitfield
- Radiotherapy Related Research, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Martin G McCabe
- Centre for Paediatric, Teenage and Young Adult Cancer, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Simon R Freeman
- Department of Otolaryngology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Simon K Lloyd
- Department of Otolaryngology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Neville B Wright
- Academic Unit of Paediatric Radiology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - John-Paul Kilday
- Children's Brain Tumour Research Network, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Ian D Kamaly-Asl
- Children's Brain Tumour Research Network, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK Department of Paediatric Neurosurgery, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Samantha J Mills
- Department of Neuroradiology, Salford NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Salford, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - Scott A Rutherford
- Department of Neurosurgery, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew T King
- Department of Neurosurgery, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - D Gareth Evans
- Department of Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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20
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Kim LA, Wong LL, Amarnani DS, Bigger-Allen AA, Hu Y, Marko CK, Eliott D, Shah VA, McGuone D, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Gai X, D’Amore PA, Arboleda-Velasquez JF. Characterization of cells from patient-derived fibrovascular membranes in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Mol Vis 2015; 21:673-87. [PMID: 26120272 PMCID: PMC4462955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Epiretinal fibrovascular membranes (FVMs) are a hallmark of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Surgical removal of FVMs is often indicated to treat tractional retinal detachment. This potentially informative pathological tissue is usually disposed of after surgery without further examination. We developed a method for isolating and characterizing cells derived from FVMs and correlated their expression of specific markers in culture with that in tissue. METHODS FVMs were obtained from 11 patients with PDR during diabetic vitrectomy surgery and were analyzed with electron microscopy (EM), comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), immunohistochemistry, and/or digested with collagenase II for cell isolation and culture. Antibody arrays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to profile secreted angiogenesis-related proteins in cell culture supernatants. RESULTS EM analysis of the FVMs showed abnormal vessels composed of endothelial cells with large nuclei and plasma membrane infoldings, loosely attached perivascular cells, and stromal cells. The cellular constituents of the FVMs lacked major chromosomal aberrations as shown with CGH. Cells derived from FVMs (C-FVMs) could be isolated and maintained in culture. The C-FVMs retained the expression of markers of cell identity in primary culture, which define specific cell populations including CD31-positive, alpha-smooth muscle actin-positive (SMA), and glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive (GFAP) cells. In primary culture, secretion of angiopoietin-1 and thrombospondin-1 was significantly decreased in culture conditions that resemble a diabetic environment in SMA-positive C-FVMs compared to human retinal pericytes derived from a non-diabetic donor. CONCLUSIONS C-FVMs obtained from individuals with PDR can be isolated, cultured, and profiled in vitro and may constitute a unique resource for the discovery of cell signaling mechanisms underlying PDR that extends beyond current animal and cell culture models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo A. Kim
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Retina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Lindsay L. Wong
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Dhanesh S. Amarnani
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Alexander A. Bigger-Allen
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Yang Hu
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Christina K. Marko
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Dean Eliott
- Retina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Vinay A. Shah
- Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Declan McGuone
- C.S. Kubik Laboratory for Neuropathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | | | - Xiaowu Gai
- Ocular Genomics Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Patricia A. D’Amore
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Joseph F. Arboleda-Velasquez
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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21
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Prabhakar S, Zhang X, Goto J, Sena-Esteves M, Ramesh V, Bronson R, Chen JW, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Kwiatkowski DJ, Breakefield XO. 196. AAV-Mediated Gene Replacement Therapy in Mouse Model of Tuberous Sclerosis. Mol Ther 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1525-0016(16)33801-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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22
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Shankar GM, Taylor-Weiner A, Lelic N, Jones RT, Kim JC, Francis JM, Abedalthagafi M, Borges LF, Coumans JV, Curry WT, Nahed BV, Shin JH, Paek SH, Park SH, Stewart C, Lawrence MS, Cibulskis K, Thorner AR, Van Hummelen P, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Batchelor TT, Carter SL, Hoang MP, Santagata S, Louis DN, Barker FG, Meyerson M, Getz G, Brastianos PK, Cahill DP. Sporadic hemangioblastomas are characterized by cryptic VHL inactivation. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2014; 2:167. [PMID: 25589003 PMCID: PMC4297409 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-014-0167-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemangioblastomas consist of 10-20% neoplastic "stromal" cells within a vascular tumor cell mass of reactive pericytes, endothelium and lymphocytes. Familial cases of central nervous system hemangioblastoma uniformly result from mutations in the Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene. In contrast, inactivation of VHL has been previously observed in only a minority of sporadic hemangioblastomas, suggesting an alternative genetic etiology. We performed deep-coverage DNA sequencing on 32 sporadic hemangioblastomas (whole exome discovery cohort n = 10, validation n = 22), followed by analysis of clonality, copy number alteration, and somatic mutation. We identified somatic mutation, loss of heterozygosity and/or deletion of VHL in 8 of 10 discovery cohort tumors. VHL inactivating events were ultimately detected in 78% (25/32) of cases. No other gene was significantly mutated. Overall, deep-coverage sequence analysis techniques uncovered VHL alterations within the neoplastic fraction of these tumors at higher frequencies than previously reported. Our findings support the central role of VHL inactivation in the molecular pathogenesis of both familial and sporadic hemangioblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh M Shankar
- />Departments of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
- />Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA USA
| | | | - Nina Lelic
- />Departments of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Robert T Jones
- />Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - James C Kim
- />Departments of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | | | | | - Lawrence F Borges
- />Departments of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Jean-Valery Coumans
- />Departments of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - William T Curry
- />Departments of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Brian V Nahed
- />Departments of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - John H Shin
- />Departments of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Sun Ha Paek
- />Departments of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hye Park
- />Pathology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chip Stewart
- />Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA USA
| | | | | | - Aaron R Thorner
- />Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Paul Van Hummelen
- />Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | | | - Tracy T Batchelor
- />Divisions of Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | | | - Mai P Hoang
- />Departments of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Sandro Santagata
- />Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - David N Louis
- />Departments of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Fred G Barker
- />Departments of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Matthew Meyerson
- />Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA USA
- />Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, USA
- />Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
- />Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Gad Getz
- />Departments of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
- />Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Priscilla K Brastianos
- />Departments of Hematology/Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
- />Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Daniel P Cahill
- />Departments of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
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23
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Plotkin SR, Albers AC, Babovic-Vuksanovic D, Blakeley JO, Breakefield XO, Dunn CM, Evans DG, Fisher MJ, Friedman JM, Giovannini M, Gutmann DH, Kalamarides M, McClatchey AI, Messiaen L, Morrison H, Parkinson DB, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Van Raamsdonk CD, Riccardi VM, Rosser T, Schindeler A, Smith MJ, Stevenson DA, Ullrich NJ, van der Vaart T, Weiss B, Widemann BC, Zhu Y, Bakker AC, Lloyd AC. Update from the 2013 International Neurofibromatosis Conference. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 164A:2969-78. [PMID: 25255738 PMCID: PMC4236251 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott R. Plotkin
- Department of Neurology and Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Anne C. Albers
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | | | | | - Xandra O. Breakefield
- Neuroscience Center, Center for Molecular Imaging and Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Courtney M. Dunn
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - D. Gareth Evans
- Center for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Michael J. Fisher
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jan M. Friedman
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Marco Giovannini
- Center for Neural Tumor Research, House Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA
| | - David H. Gutmann
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Andrea I. McClatchey
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ludwine Messiaen
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | - David B. Parkinson
- Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Plymouth, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth, UK
| | | | | | | | - Tena Rosser
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, University of Southern California
| | - Aaron Schindeler
- Kids' Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
| | - Miriam J. Smith
- Center for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, UK
| | - David A. Stevenson
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Nicole J. Ullrich
- Departments of Neurology and Pediatric Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Brian Weiss
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | | | - Yuan Zhu
- Gilbert Neurofibromatosis Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | | | - Alison C. Lloyd
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, UK
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24
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Antoszczyk S, Spyra M, Mautner VF, Kurtz A, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Martuza RL, Rabkin SD. Treatment of orthotopic malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors with oncolytic herpes simplex virus. Neuro Oncol 2014; 16:1057-66. [PMID: 24470552 PMCID: PMC4096170 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/not317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are an aggressive and often lethal sarcoma that frequently develops in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). We developed new preclinical MPNST models and tested the efficacy of oncolytic herpes simplex viruses (oHSVs), a promising cancer therapeutic that selectively replicates in and kills cancer cells. METHODS Mouse NF1(-) MPNST cell lines and human NF1(-) MPNST stemlike cells (MSLCs) were implanted into the sciatic nerves of immunocompetent and athymic mice, respectively. Tumor growth was followed by external measurement and sciatic nerve deficit using a hind-limb scoring system. Oncolytic HSV G47Δ as well as "armed" G47Δ expressing platelet factor 4 (PF4) or interleukin (IL)-12 were injected intratumorally into established sciatic nerve tumors. RESULTS Mouse MPNST cell lines formed tumors with varying growth kinetics. A single intratumoral injection of G47Δ in sciatic nerve tumors derived from human S462 MSLCs in athymic mice or mouse M2 (37-3-18-4) cells in immunocompetent mice significantly inhibited tumor growth and prolonged survival. Local IL-12 expression significantly improved the efficacy of G47Δ in syngeneic mice, while PF4 expression prolonged survival. Injection of G47Δ directly into the sciatic nerve of athymic mice resulted in only mild symptoms that did not differ from phosphate buffered saline control. CONCLUSIONS Two new orthotopic MPNST models are described, including in syngeneic mice, expanding the options for preclinical testing. Oncolytic HSV G47Δ exhibited robust efficacy in both immunodeficient and immunocompetent MPNST models while maintaining safety. Interleukin-12 expression improved efficacy. These studies support the clinical translation of G47Δ for patients with MPNST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slawomir Antoszczyk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (S.A., R.L.M., S.D.R.); Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (A.O.S.R.); Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.S., V.F.M.); Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (A.K.); College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (A.K.)
| | - Melanie Spyra
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (S.A., R.L.M., S.D.R.); Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (A.O.S.R.); Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.S., V.F.M.); Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (A.K.); College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (A.K.)
| | - Victor Felix Mautner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (S.A., R.L.M., S.D.R.); Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (A.O.S.R.); Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.S., V.F.M.); Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (A.K.); College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (A.K.)
| | - Andreas Kurtz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (S.A., R.L.M., S.D.R.); Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (A.O.S.R.); Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.S., V.F.M.); Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (A.K.); College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (A.K.)
| | - Anat O Stemmer-Rachamimov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (S.A., R.L.M., S.D.R.); Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (A.O.S.R.); Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.S., V.F.M.); Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (A.K.); College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (A.K.)
| | - Robert L Martuza
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (S.A., R.L.M., S.D.R.); Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (A.O.S.R.); Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.S., V.F.M.); Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (A.K.); College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (A.K.)
| | - Samuel D Rabkin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (S.A., R.L.M., S.D.R.); Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (A.O.S.R.); Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.S., V.F.M.); Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (A.K.); College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (A.K.)
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Mehendale RA, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Dagi LR. A 50-year-old man with a long-standing, large-angle exotropia and limitation of adduction in the left eye. Digit J Ophthalmol 2014; 19:64-7. [PMID: 24459459 DOI: 10.5693/djo.03.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reshma A Mehendale
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anat O Stemmer-Rachamimov
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Ophthalmic Pathology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, and Harvard Medical School
| | - Linda R Dagi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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26
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Lu-Emerson C, Snuderl M, Kirkpatrick ND, Goveia J, Davidson C, Huang Y, Riedemann L, Taylor J, Ivy P, Duda DG, Ancukiewicz M, Plotkin SR, Chi AS, Gerstner ER, Eichler AF, Dietrich J, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Batchelor TT, Jain RK. Increase in tumor-associated macrophages after antiangiogenic therapy is associated with poor survival among patients with recurrent glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2013; 15:1079-87. [PMID: 23828240 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/not082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Antiangiogenic therapy is associated with increased radiographic responses in glioblastomas, but tumors invariably recur. Because tumor-associated macrophages have been shown to mediate escape from antiangiogenic therapy in preclinical models, we examined the role of macrophages in patients with recurrent glioblastoma. We compared autopsy brain specimens from 20 patients with recurrent glioblastoma who received antiangiogenic treatment and chemoradiation with 8 patients who received chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy without antiangiogenic therapy or no treatment. Tumor-associated macrophages were morphologically and phenotypically analyzed using flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry for CD68, CD14, CD163, and CD11b expression. Flow cytometry showed an increase in macrophages in the antiangiogenic-treated patients. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated an increase in CD68+ macrophages in the tumor bulk (P < .01) and infiltrative areas (P = .02) in antiangiogenic-treated patients. We also observed an increase in CD11b+ cells in the tumor bulk (P < .01) and an increase in CD163+ macrophages in infiltrative tumor (P = .02). Of note, an increased number of CD11b+ cells in bulk and infiltrative tumors (P = .05 and P = .05, respectively) correlated with poor overall survival among patients who first received antiangiogenic therapy at recurrence. In summary, recurrent glioblastomas showed an increased infiltration in myeloid populations in the tumor bulk and in the infiltrative regions after antiangiogenic therapy. Higher numbers of CD11b+ cells correlated with poor survival among these patients. These data suggest that tumor-associated macrophages may participate in escape from antiangiogenic therapy and may represent a potential biomarker of resistance and a potential therapeutic target in recurrent glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Lu-Emerson
- Department of Neurology, Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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27
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Lu-Emerson C, Snuderl M, Kirkpatrick ND, Goveia J, Taylor J, Davidson C, Huang Y, Riedemann L, Ivy SP, Duda GD, Ancukiewicz3 M, Plotkin SR, Chi A, Gerstner ER, Eichler AF, Dietrich J, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Batchelor TT, Jain RK. Abstract LB-339: Increase in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) after antiangiogenic therapy is associated with poor survival in recurrent glioblastoma (GBM) patients. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-lb-339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Antiangiogenic therapy is associated with increased radiographic responses in glioblastomas (GBMs), but tumors invariably recur. Because tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have been shown to mediate escape from antiangiogenic therapy in preclinical models, we examined the role of TAMs in recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM) patients. We compared autopsy brain specimens from 20 rGBM patients who received antiangiogenic treatment and chemoradiation (AAT+) to 8 patients who received chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy without antiangiogenic therapy, or no treatment (AAT-). TAMs were morphologically and phenotypically analyzed using flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry (IHC) for CD68, CD14, CD163, and CD11b expression. Flow cytometry showed an increase in TAMs in the AAT+ patients. IHC analysis demonstrated an increase in CD68+ TAMs in the tumor bulk (p<0.01) and infiltrative areas (p=0.02) in AAT+ patients. We also observed an increase in CD11b+ cells in the tumor bulk (p<0.01) and an increase in CD163+ TAMs in infiltrative tumor (p=0.02). Of note, an increased number of CD11b+ cells in bulk and infiltrative tumor (p=0.05 and p=0.05, respectively) correlated with poor overall survival in patients who first received antiangiogenic therapy at recurrence. In summary, rGBMs showed an increased infiltration in myeloid populations in the tumor bulk and in the infiltrative regions after antiangiogenic therapy. Higher numbers of CD11b+ cells correlated with poor survival in rGBM patients. These data suggest that TAMs may participate in escape from antiangiogenic therapy and may represent a potential biomarker of resistance and a potential therapeutic target in rGBM.
Citation Format: Christine Lu-Emerson, Matija Snuderl, Nathaniel D. Kirkpatrick, Jermaine Goveia, Jennie Taylor, Christian Davidson, Yuhui Huang, Lars Riedemann, S. Percy Ivy, G. Dan Duda, Marek Ancukiewicz3, Scott R. Plotkin, Andrew Chi, Elizabeth R. Gerstner, April F. Eichler, Jorg Dietrich, Anat O. Stemmer-Rachamimov, Tracy T. Batchelor, Rakesh K. Jain. Increase in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) after antiangiogenic therapy is associated with poor survival in recurrent glioblastoma (GBM) patients. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-339. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-LB-339
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matija Snuderl
- 2New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
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- 3Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
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28
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Plotkin SR, Blakeley JO, Evans DG, Hanemann CO, Hulsebos TJM, Hunter-Schaedle K, Kalpana GV, Korf B, Messiaen L, Papi L, Ratner N, Sherman LS, Smith MJ, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Vitte J, Giovannini M. Update from the 2011 International Schwannomatosis Workshop: From genetics to diagnostic criteria. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 161A:405-16. [PMID: 23401320 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 10/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Schwannomatosis is the third major form of neurofibromatosis and is characterized by the development of multiple schwannomas in the absence of bilateral vestibular schwannomas. The 2011 Schwannomatosis Update was organized by the Children's Tumor Foundation (www.ctf.org) and held in Los Angeles, CA, from June 5-8, 2011. This article summarizes the highlights presented at the Conference and represents the "state-of-the-field" in 2011. Genetic studies indicate that constitutional mutations in the SMARCB1 tumor suppressor gene occur in 40-50% of familial cases and in 8-10% of sporadic cases of schwannomatosis. Tumorigenesis is thought to occur through a four-hit, three-step model, beginning with a germline mutation in SMARCB1 (hit 1), followed by loss of a portion of chromosome 22 that contains the second SMARCB1 allele and one NF2 allele (hits 2 and 3), followed by mutation of the remaining wild-type NF2 allele (hit 4). Insights from research on HIV and pediatric rhabdoid tumors have shed light on potential molecular pathways that are dysregulated in schwannomatosis-related schwannomas. Mouse models of schwannomatosis have been developed and promise to further expand our understanding of tumorigenesis and the tumor microenvironment. Clinical reports have described the occurrence of intracranial meningiomas in schwannomatosis patients and in families with germline SMARCB1 mutations. The authors propose updated diagnostic criteria to incorporate new clinical and genetic findings since 2005. In the next 5 years, the authors expect that advances in basic research in the pathogenesis of schwannomatosis will lead toward clinical investigations of potential drug therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott R Plotkin
- Department of Neurology and Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
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Brastianos PK, Horowitz PM, Santagata S, Jones RT, McKenna A, Getz G, Ligon KL, Palescandolo E, Van Hummelen P, Ducar MD, Raza A, Sunkavalli A, Macconaill LE, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Louis DN, Hahn WC, Dunn IF, Beroukhim R. Genomic sequencing of meningiomas identifies oncogenic SMO and AKT1 mutations. Nat Genet 2013; 45:285-9. [PMID: 23334667 PMCID: PMC3739288 DOI: 10.1038/ng.2526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 450] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Meningiomas are the most common primary nervous system tumor. The tumor suppressor NF2 is disrupted in approximately half of meningiomas1 but the complete spectrum of genetic changes remains undefined. We performed whole-genome or whole-exome sequencing on 17 meningiomas and focused sequencing on an additional 48 tumors to identify and validate somatic genetic alterations. Most meningiomas exhibited simple genomes, with fewer mutations, rearrangements, and copy-number alterations than reported in other adult tumors. However, several meningiomas harbored more complex patterns of copy-number changes and rearrangements including one tumor with chromothripsis. We confirmed focal NF2 inactivation in 43% of tumors and found alterations in epigenetic modifiers among an additional 8% of tumors. A subset of meningiomas lacking NF2 alterations harbored recurrent oncogenic mutations in AKT1 (E17K) and SMO (W535L) and exhibited immunohistochemical evidence of activation of their pathways. These mutations were present in therapeutically challenging tumors of the skull base and higher grade. These results begin to define the spectrum of genetic alterations in meningiomas and identify potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla K Brastianos
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Abstract
Pituicytomas are rare neoplasms of the sellar region. We report a case of vision loss and a junctional scotoma in a 43-year-old woman caused by compression of the optic chiasm by a pituitary tumor. The morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the tumor were consistent with the diagnosis of pituicytoma. The tumor was debulked surgically, and the patient's vision improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Huynh
- Department of Neuro-Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass., USA
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31
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James MF, Stivison E, Beauchamp R, Han S, Li H, Wallace MR, Gusella JF, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Ramesh V. Regulation of mTOR complex 2 signaling in neurofibromatosis 2-deficient target cell types. Mol Cancer Res 2012; 10:649-59. [PMID: 22426462 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-11-0425-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Inactivating mutations in the neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2) tumor suppressor gene results in the development of schwannomas and meningiomas. Using NF2-deficient meningioma cells and tumors, together with the normal cellular counterparts that meningiomas derive, arachnoid cells, we identified merlin as a novel negative regulator of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1). We now show that merlin positively regulates the kinase activity of mTORC2, a second functionally distinct mTOR complex, and that downstream phosphorylation of mTORC2 substrates, including Akt, is reduced upon acute merlin deficiency in cells. In response to general growth factor stimulation, Akt signaling is attenuated in merlin RNA interference-suppressed human arachnoid and Schwann cells by mechanisms mediated by hyperactive mTORC1 and impaired mTORC2. Moreover, Akt signaling is impaired differentially in a cell type-dependent manner in response to distinct growth factor stimuli. However, contrary to activation of mTORC1, the attenuated mTORC2 signaling profiles exhibited by normal arachnoid and Schwann cells in response to acute merlin loss were not consistently reflected in NF2-deficient meningiomas and schwannomas, suggesting additional genetic events may have been acquired in tumors after initial merlin loss. This finding contrasts with another benign tumor disorder, tuberous sclerosis complex, which exhibits attenuated mTORC2 signaling profiles in both cells and tumors. Finally, we examined rapamycin, as well as the mTOR kinase inhibitor, Torin1, targeting both mTOR complexes to identify the most efficacious class of compounds for blocking mTOR-mediated signaling and proliferation in merlin-deficient meningioma cells. These studies may ultimately aid in the development of suitable therapeutics for NF2-associated tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne F James
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Richard B. Simches Research Building, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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32
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Hagel C, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Bornemann A, Schuhmann M, Nagel C, Huson S, Evans DG, Plotkin S, Matthies C, Kluwe L, Mautner VF. Clinical presentation, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy indicate neurofibromatosis type 2-associated gliomas to be spinal ependymomas. Neuropathology 2012; 32:611-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2012.01306.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Simon MV, Cole AJ, Chang EC, Buchbinder BR, Stufflebeam SM, Nozari A, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Eskandar EN. An intraoperative multimodal neurophysiologic approach to successful resection of precentral gyrus epileptogenic lesions. Epilepsia 2012; 53:e75-9. [PMID: 22309192 DOI: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03400.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Cortical dysplasias (CDs) are highly epileptogenic lesions with a good prognosis of seizure freedom, if totally resected. However, their accurate delineation and resection can be difficult, and depend on the extent of pathology and lesion location. Intraoperative neurophysiologic assessments are valuable in these situations. We present an illustrative case of intractable epilepsy where judicious use of intraoperative neurophysiologic-techniques guided resection of precentral CD, under general anesthesia and in the absence of preoperative electrophysiologic mapping data. Ictal onset was accurately delineated using electrocorticography (ECoG). Phase reversal of the median somatosensory-evoked potentials (MSSEPs) localized the central sulcus (CS). Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) triggered by high-frequency monopolar anodal electrical cortical stimulation at the primary motor cortex (PMC) threshold delineated the PMC. Using this technique, PMC and the corticospinal tract (CST) were continuously monitored during resection. No changes in MEPs from the preresection baseline were seen; no residual abnormal activity was present in the postresection ECoG. The patient emerged from surgery without deficits and has been seizure free during a 10-month follow-up. Staged multimodal intraoperative neurophysiology can be used successfully under general anesthesia to guide resection of epileptogenic lesions within the precentral gyrus, as an add-on or, in certain situations, as a viable alternative to preoperative electrophysiologic mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirela V Simon
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02214, USA.
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Blakeley JO, Evans DG, Adler J, Brackmann D, Chen R, Ferner RE, Hanemann CO, Harris G, Huson SM, Jacob A, Kalamarides M, Karajannis MA, Korf BR, Mautner VF, McClatchey AI, Miao H, Plotkin SR, Slattery W, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Welling DB, Wen PY, Widemann B, Hunter-Schaedle K, Giovannini M. Consensus recommendations for current treatments and accelerating clinical trials for patients with neurofibromatosis type 2. Am J Med Genet A 2011; 158A:24-41. [PMID: 22140088 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.34359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is a tumor suppressor syndrome characterized by bilateral vestibular schwannomas (VS) which often result in deafness despite aggressive management. Meningiomas, ependymomas, and other cranial nerve and peripheral schwannomas are also commonly found in NF2 and collectively lead to major neurologic morbidity and mortality. Traditionally, the overall survival rate in patients with NF2 is estimated to be 38% at 20 years from diagnosis. Hence, there is a desperate need for new, effective therapies. Recent progress in understanding the molecular basis of NF2 related tumors has aided in the identification of potential therapeutic targets and emerging clinical therapies. In June 2010, representatives of the international NF2 research and clinical community convened under the leadership of Drs. D. Gareth Evans (University of Manchester) and Marco Giovannini (House Research Institute) to review the state of NF2 treatment and clinical trials. This manuscript summarizes the expert opinions about current treatments for NF2 associated tumors and recommendations for advancing therapies emerging from that meeting. The development of effective therapies for NF2 associated tumors has the potential for significant clinical advancement not only for patients with NF2 but for thousands of neuro-oncology patients afflicted with these tumors.
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Larson AM, Hedgire SS, Deshpande V, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Harisinghani MG, Ferrone CR, Shah U, Thiele EA. Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex. Clin Genet 2011; 82:558-63. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2011.01805.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Wakimoto H, Mohapatra G, Kanai R, Curry WT, Yip S, Nitta M, Patel AP, Barnard ZR, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Louis DN, Martuza RL, Rabkin SD. Maintenance of primary tumor phenotype and genotype in glioblastoma stem cells. Neuro Oncol 2011; 14:132-44. [PMID: 22067563 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nor195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinicopathological heterogeneity of glioblastoma (GBM) and the various genetic and phenotypic subtypes in GBM stem cells (GSCs) are well described. However, the relationship between GSCs and the corresponding primary tumor from which they were isolated is poorly understood. We have established GSC-enriched neurosphere cultures from 15 newly diagnosed GBM specimens and examined the relationship between the histopathological and genomic features of GSC-derived orthotopic xenografts and those of the respective patient tumors. GSC-initiated xenografts recapitulate the distinctive cytological hallmarks and diverse histological variants associated with the corresponding patient GBM, including giant cell and gemistocytic GBM, and primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET)-like components. This indicates that GSCs generate tumors that preserve patient-specific disease phenotypes. The majority of GSC-derived intracerebral xenografts (11 of 15) demonstrated a highly invasive behavior crossing the midline, whereas the remainder formed discrete nodular and vascular masses. In some cases, GSC invasiveness correlated with preoperative MRI, but not with the status of PI3-kinase/Akt pathways or O(6)-methylguanine methyltransferase expression. Genome-wide screening by array comparative genomic hybridization and fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed that GSCs harbor unique genetic copy number aberrations. GSCs acquiring amplifications of the myc family genes represent only a minority of tumor cells within the original patient tumors. Thus, GSCs are a genetically distinct subpopulation of neoplastic cells within a GBM. These studies highlight the value of GSCs for preclinical modeling of clinically relevant, patient-specific GBM and, thus, pave the way for testing novel anti-GSC/GBM agents for personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Wakimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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37
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Mayes DA, Rizvi TA, Cancelas JA, Kolasinski NT, Ciraolo GM, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Ratner N. Perinatal or adult Nf1 inactivation using tamoxifen-inducible PlpCre each cause neurofibroma formation. Cancer Res 2011; 71:4675-85. [PMID: 21551249 PMCID: PMC3464476 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-4558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Plexiform neurofibromas are peripheral nerve sheath tumors initiated by biallelic mutation of the NF1 tumor suppressor gene in the Schwann cell lineage. To understand whether neurofibroma formation is possible after birth, we induced Nf1 loss of function with an inducible proteolipid protein Cre allele. Perinatal loss of Nf1 resulted in the development of small plexiform neurofibromas late in life, whereas loss in adulthood caused large plexiform neurofibromas and morbidity beginning 4 months after onset of Nf1 loss. A conditional EGFP reporter allele identified cells showing recombination, including peripheral ganglia satellite cells, peripheral nerve S100β+ myelinating Schwann cells, and peripheral nerve p75+ cells. Neurofibromas contained cells with Remak bundle disruption but no recombination within GFAP+ nonmyelinating Schwann cells. Extramedullary lympho-hematopoietic expansion was also observed in PlpCre;Nf1fl/fl mice. These tumors contained EGFP+/Sca-1+ stromal cells among EGFP-negative lympho-hematopoietic cells indicating a noncell autonomous effect and unveiling a role of Nf1-deleted microenvironment on lympho-hematopoietic proliferation in vivo. Together these findings define a tumor suppressor role for Nf1 in the adult and narrow the range of potential neurofibroma-initiating cell populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra A. Mayes
- Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
| | - Tilat A. Rizvi
- Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
| | - Jose A. Cancelas
- Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
- Hoxworth Blood Center, University of Cincinnati
| | - Nathan T. Kolasinski
- Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
| | | | | | - Nancy Ratner
- Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
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Kleijn A, Chen JW, Buhrman JS, Wojtkiewicz GR, Iwamoto Y, Lamfers ML, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Rabkin SD, Weissleder R, Martuza RL, Fulci G. Distinguishing inflammation from tumor and peritumoral edema by myeloperoxidase magnetic resonance imaging. Clin Cancer Res 2011; 17:4484-93. [PMID: 21558403 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-11-0575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inflammation occurs routinely when managing gliomas and is not easily distinguishable from tumor regrowth by current MRI methods. The lack of noninvasive technologies that monitor inflammation prevents us to understand whether it is beneficial or detrimental for the patient, and current therapies do not take this host response in consideration. We aim to establish whether a gadolinium (Gd)-based agent targeting the inflammatory enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) can selectively detect intra- and peritumoral inflammation as well as glioma response to treatment by MRI. METHODS We carried out serial Gd-bis-5-HT-DTPA (MPO-Gd) MRI before and after treating rodent gliomas with different doses of oncolytic virus (OV) and analyzed animal survival. The imaging results were compared with histopathologic and molecular analyses of the tumors for macrophage/microglia infiltration, virus persistence, and MPO levels. RESULTS Elevated MPO activity was observed by MRI inside the tumor and in the peritumoral cerebrum at day 1 post-OV injection, which corresponded with activation/infiltration of myeloid cells inhibiting OV intratumoral persistence. MPO activity decreased, whereas tumor size increased, as the virus and the immune cells were cleared (days 1-7 post-OV injection). A 10-fold increase in viral dose temporally decreased tumor size, but augmented MPO activity, thus preventing extension of viral intratumoral persistence. CONCLUSIONS MPO-Gd MRI can distinguish enhancement patterns that reflect treatment-induced spatiotemporal changes of intratumoral and intracerebral inflammation from those indicating tumor and peritumoral edema. This technology improves the posttreatment diagnosis of gliomas and will increase our understanding of the role of inflammation in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Kleijn
- Brain Tumor Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Saydam O, Senol O, Würdinger T, Mizrak A, Ozdener GB, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Yi M, Stephens RM, Krichevsky AM, Saydam N, Brenner GJ, Breakefield XO. miRNA-7 attenuation in Schwannoma tumors stimulates growth by upregulating three oncogenic signaling pathways. Cancer Res 2010; 71:852-61. [PMID: 21156648 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-1219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Micro RNAs (miRNA) negatively regulate protein-coding genes at the posttranscriptional level and are critical in tumorigenesis. Schwannomas develop from proliferation of dedifferentiated Schwann cells, which normally wrap nerve fibers to help support and insulate nerves. In this study, we carried out high-throughput miRNA expression profiling of human vestibular schwannomas by using an array representing 407 known miRNAs to explore the role of miRNAs in tumor growth. Twelve miRNAs were found to be significantly deregulated in tumor samples as compared with control nerve tissue, defining a schwannoma-typical signature. Among these miRNAs, we focused on miR-7, which was one of the most downregulated in these tumors and has several known oncogene targets, including mRNAs for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and p21-activated kinase 1 (Pak1). We found that overexpression of miR-7 inhibited schwannoma cell growth both in culture and in xenograft tumor models in vivo, which correlated with downregulation of these signaling pathways. Furthermore, we identified a novel direct target of miR-7, the mRNA for associated cdc42 kinase 1 (Ack1), with the expression levels of miR-7 and Ack1 being inversely correlated in human schwannoma samples. These results represent the first miRNA profiling of schwannomas and the first report of a tumor suppressor function for miR-7 in these tumors that is mediated by targeting the EGFR, Pak1, and Ack1 oncogenes. Our findings suggest miR-7 as a potential therapeutic molecule for schwannoma treatment, and they prompt clinical evaluation of drugs that can inhibit the EGFR, Pak1, and Ack1 signaling pathways to treat this tumor type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okay Saydam
- Department of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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40
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Saydam O, Ozdener GB, Senol O, Mizrak A, Prabhakar S, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Breakefield XO, Brenner GJ. A novel imaging-compatible sciatic nerve schwannoma model. J Neurosci Methods 2010; 195:75-7. [PMID: 21111000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2010.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2010] [Revised: 10/22/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Benign schwannomas are common tumors of the cranial and peripheral nerves, causing pain and loss of function. The development of effective therapy for these tumors has been hampered by the lack of relevant experimental in vivo models for convenient testing. Here, we describe a novel schwannoma model in which an immortalized human schwannoma cell line, HEI-193, established from an neurofibromatosis type 2 patient, has been stably transduced with fluorescent protein and luciferase reporters and implanted within the sciatic nerve of nude mice. These cells reliably formed a tumor within several weeks which had pathologic characteristics of schwannoma tumors. This model system will be useful for investigation of schwannoma biology and for preclinical assessment of therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okay Saydam
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
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41
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Saydam O, Senol O, Schaaij-Visser TBM, Pham TV, Piersma SR, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Wurdinger T, Peerdeman SM, Jimenez CR. Comparative protein profiling reveals minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins as novel potential tumor markers for meningiomas. J Proteome Res 2010; 9:485-94. [PMID: 19877719 DOI: 10.1021/pr900834h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Meningiomas are among the most frequent tumors of the brain and spinal cord accounting for 15-20% of all central nervous system tumors and frequently associated with neurofibromatosis type 2. In this study, we aimed to unravel molecular meningioma tumorigenesis and discover novel protein biomarkers for diagnostic and/or prognostic purposes and performed in-depth proteomic profiling of meningioma cells compared to human primary arachnoidal cells. We isolated proteins from meningioma cell line SF4433 and human primary arachnoidal cells and analyzed the protein profiles by Gel-nanoLC-MS/MS in conjunction with protein identification and quantification by shotgun nanoLC tandem mass spectrometry and spectral counting. Differential analysis of meningiomas revealed changes in the expression levels of 281 proteins (P < 0.01) associated with various biological functions such as DNA replication, recombination, cell cycle, and apoptosis. Among several interesting proteins, we focused on a subset of the highly significantly up-regulated proteins, the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) family. We performed subsequent validation studies by qRT-PCR in human meningioma tissue samples (WHO grade I, 14 samples; WHO grade II, 7 samples; and WHO grade III, 7 samples) compared to arachnoidal tissue controls (from fresh autopsies; 3 samples) and found that MCMs are highly and significantly up-regulated in human meningioma tumor samples compared to arachnoidal tissue controls. We found a significant increase in MCM2 (8 fold), MCM3 (5 fold), MCM4 (4 fold), MCM5 (4 fold), MCM6 (3 fold), and MCM7 (5 fold) expressions in meningiomas. This study suggests that MCM family proteins are up-regulated in meningiomas and can be used as diagnostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okay Saydam
- Department of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02129, USA.
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42
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Saydam O, Shen Y, Würdinger T, Senol O, Boke E, James MF, Tannous BA, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Yi M, Stephens RM, Fraefel C, Gusella JF, Krichevsky AM, Breakefield XO. Downregulated microRNA-200a in meningiomas promotes tumor growth by reducing E-cadherin and activating the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. Mol Cell Biol 2009; 29:5923-40. [PMID: 19703993 PMCID: PMC2772747 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00332-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Meningiomas, one of the most common human brain tumors, are derived from arachnoidal cells associated with brain meninges, are usually benign, and are frequently associated with neurofibromatosis type 2. Here, we define a typical human meningioma microRNA (miRNA) profile and characterize the effects of one downregulated miRNA, miR-200a, on tumor growth. Elevated levels of miR-200a inhibited meningioma cell growth in culture and in a tumor model in vivo. Upregulation of miR-200a decreased the expression of transcription factors ZEB1 and SIP1, with consequent increased expression of E-cadherin, an adhesion protein associated with cell differentiation. Downregulation of miR-200a in meningiomas and arachnoidal cells resulted in increased expression of beta-catenin and cyclin D1 involved in cell proliferation. miR-200a was found to directly target beta-catenin mRNA, thereby inhibiting its translation and blocking Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, which is frequently involved in cancer. A direct correlation was found between the downregulation of miR-200a and the upregulation of beta-catenin in human meningioma samples. Thus, miR-200a appears to act as a multifunctional tumor suppressor miRNA in meningiomas through effects on the E-cadherin and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathways. This reveals a previously unrecognized signaling cascade involved in meningioma tumor development and highlights a novel molecular interaction between miR-200a and Wnt signaling, thereby providing insights into novel therapies for meningiomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okay Saydam
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, Neuro-Oncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 21702, Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Yiping Shen
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, Neuro-Oncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 21702, Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Thomas Würdinger
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, Neuro-Oncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 21702, Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Ozlem Senol
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, Neuro-Oncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 21702, Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Elvan Boke
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, Neuro-Oncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 21702, Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Marianne F. James
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, Neuro-Oncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 21702, Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Bakhos A. Tannous
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, Neuro-Oncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 21702, Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Anat O. Stemmer-Rachamimov
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, Neuro-Oncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 21702, Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Ming Yi
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, Neuro-Oncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 21702, Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Robert M. Stephens
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, Neuro-Oncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 21702, Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Cornel Fraefel
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, Neuro-Oncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 21702, Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - James F. Gusella
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, Neuro-Oncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 21702, Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Anna M. Krichevsky
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, Neuro-Oncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 21702, Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Xandra O. Breakefield
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, Neuro-Oncology Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 21702, Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Corresponding author. Mailing address: Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School-East, 13th Street, Building 149, Charlestown, MA 02129. Phone: (617) 726-5728. Fax: (617) 724-1537. E-mail:
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Plotkin SR, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Barker FG, Halpin C, Padera TP, Tyrrell A, Sorensen AG, Jain RK, di Tomaso E. Hearing improvement after bevacizumab in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2. N Engl J Med 2009; 361:358-67. [PMID: 19587327 PMCID: PMC4816642 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa0902579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Profound hearing loss is a serious complication of neurofibromatosis type 2, a genetic condition associated with bilateral vestibular schwannomas, benign tumors that arise from the eighth cranial nerve. There is no medical treatment for such tumors. METHODS We determined the expression pattern of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and three of its receptors, VEGFR-2, neuropilin-1, and neuropilin-2, in paraffin-embedded samples from 21 vestibular schwannomas associated with neurofibromatosis type 2 and from 22 sporadic schwannomas. Ten consecutive patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 and progressive vestibular schwannomas who were not candidates for standard treatment were treated with bevacizumab, an anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody. An imaging response was defined as a decrease of at least 20% in tumor volume, as compared with baseline. A hearing response was defined as a significant increase in the word-recognition score, as compared with baseline. RESULTS VEGF was expressed in 100% of vestibular schwannomas and VEGFR-2 in 32% of tumor vessels on immunohistochemical analysis. Before treatment, the median annual volumetric growth rate for 10 index tumors was 62%. After bevacizumab treatment in the 10 patients, tumors shrank in 9 patients, and 6 patients had an imaging response, which was maintained in 4 patients during 11 to 16 months of follow-up. The median best response to treatment was a volumetric reduction of 26%. Three patients were not eligible for a hearing response; of the remaining seven patients, four had a hearing response, two had stable hearing, and one had progressive hearing loss. There were 21 adverse events of grade 1 or 2. CONCLUSIONS VEGF blockade with bevacizumab improved hearing in some, but not all, patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 and was associated with a reduction in the volume of most growing vestibular schwannomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott R Plotkin
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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44
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McGillicuddy LT, Fromm JA, Hollstein PE, Kubek S, Beroukhim R, De Raedt T, Johnson BW, Williams SM, Nghiemphu P, Liau L, Cloughesy TF, Mischel PS, Parret A, Seiler J, Moldenhauer G, Scheffzek K, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Sawyers CL, Brennan C, Messiaen L, Mellinghoff IK, Cichowski K. Proteasomal and genetic inactivation of the NF1 tumor suppressor in gliomagenesis. Cancer Cell 2009; 16:44-54. [PMID: 19573811 PMCID: PMC2897249 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2009.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2008] [Revised: 04/03/2009] [Accepted: 05/12/2009] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in the NF1 tumor suppressor result in deregulated Ras signaling and drive tumorigenesis in the familial cancer syndrome neurofibromatosis type I. However, the extent to which NF1 inactivation promotes sporadic tumorigenesis is unknown. Here we report that NF1 is inactivated in sporadic gliomas via two mechanisms: excessive proteasomal degradation and genetic loss. NF1 protein destabilization is triggered by the hyperactivation of protein kinase C (PKC) and confers sensitivity to PKC inhibitors. However, complete genetic loss, which only occurs when p53 is inactivated, mediates sensitivity to mTOR inhibitors. These studies reveal an expanding role for NF1 inactivation in sporadic gliomagenesis and illustrate how different mechanisms of inactivation are utilized in genetically distinct tumors, which consequently impacts therapeutic sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren T. McGillicuddy
- Genetics Division, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Jody A. Fromm
- Genetics Division, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Pablo E. Hollstein
- Genetics Division, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Sara Kubek
- Department of Pharmacology, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021
- Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021
| | - Rameen Beroukhim
- Genetics Division, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Thomas De Raedt
- Genetics Division, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Bryan W. Johnson
- Genetics Division, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Sybil M.G. Williams
- Genetics Division, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Phioanh Nghiemphu
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
- Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Linda Liau
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
- Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Tim F. Cloughesy
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
- Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Paul S. Mischel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
- Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Annabel Parret
- Structural & Computational Biology and Developmental Biology Units, European Laboratory of Molecular Biology (EMBL), Meyerhofstrasse 1, D-69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jeanette Seiler
- Structural & Computational Biology and Developmental Biology Units, European Laboratory of Molecular Biology (EMBL), Meyerhofstrasse 1, D-69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerd Moldenhauer
- Department of Molecular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffzek
- Structural & Computational Biology and Developmental Biology Units, European Laboratory of Molecular Biology (EMBL), Meyerhofstrasse 1, D-69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anat O. Stemmer-Rachamimov
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Department of Neuropathology and Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
| | - Charles L. Sawyers
- Department of Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Cameron Brennan
- Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021
- Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; and Department of Neurosurgery, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065
| | - Ludwine Messiaen
- Department of Genetics, Medical Genomics Laboratory, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35242
| | - Ingo K. Mellinghoff
- Department of Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065
| | - Karen Cichowski
- Genetics Division, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
- Correspondence: ; fax (617) 525-4705; phone (617)-525-4722
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45
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Scheithauer BW, Swearingen B, Whyte ETH, Auluck PK, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO. Ependymoma of the sella turcica: a variant of pituicytoma. Hum Pathol 2008; 40:435-40. [PMID: 18992914 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2008.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2008] [Revised: 08/19/2008] [Accepted: 08/26/2008] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A broad spectrum of neoplasms affects the sellar region. Among these, gliomas are rare, most being tumors of pituicytes such as granular cell tumor and pituicytoma. Only 4 ependymomas of the human sellar region have been reported to date and all have had classic histologic features. Herein, we describe the clinicopathologic features of a sellar, low-grade ependymoma with unusual histology, but classic ultrastructural features, occurring in an elderly patient and thus expanding the spectrum of reported cases. The literature is reviewed and concepts of histogenesis are explored, particularly an origin in "ependymal pituicytes." The concept that sellar ependymoma is pituicyte-derived is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd W Scheithauer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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46
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Patil S, Perry A, Maccollin M, Dong S, Betensky RA, Yeh TH, Gutmann DH, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO. Immunohistochemical analysis supports a role for INI1/SMARCB1 in hereditary forms of schwannomas, but not in solitary, sporadic schwannomas. Brain Pathol 2008; 18:517-9. [PMID: 18422762 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3639.2008.00155.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The INI1/SMARCB1 protein product (INI1), a component of a transcription complex, was recently implicated in the pathogenesis of schwannomas in two members of a single family with familial schwannomatosis. Tumors were found to have both constitutional and somatic mutations of the SMARCB1 gene and showed a mosaic pattern of loss of INI1 expression by immunohistochemistry, suggesting a tumor composition of mixed null and haploinsufficient cells. To determine if this finding could be extended to all tumors arising in familial schwannomatosis, and how it compares with other multiple schwannoma syndromes [sporadic schwannomatosis and neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2)] as well as to sporadic, solitary schwannomas, we performed an immunohistochemistry analysis on 45 schwannomas from patients with multiple schwannoma syndromes and on 38 solitary, sporadic schwannomas from non-syndromic patients. A mosaic pattern of INI1 expression was seen in 93% of tumors from familial schwannomatosis patients, 55% of tumors from sporadic schwannomatosis, 83% of NF2-associated tumors and only 5% of solitary, sporadic schwannomas. These results confirm a role for INI1/SMARCB1 in multiple schwannoma syndromes and suggest that a different pathway of tumorigenesis occurs in solitary, sporadic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushama Patil
- Division of Neuropathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
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47
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Wu J, Williams JP, Rizvi TA, Kordich JJ, Witte D, Meijer D, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Cancelas JA, Ratner N. Plexiform and dermal neurofibromas and pigmentation are caused by Nf1 loss in desert hedgehog-expressing cells. Cancer Cell 2008; 13:105-16. [PMID: 18242511 PMCID: PMC2846699 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2007.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2007] [Revised: 10/12/2007] [Accepted: 12/26/2007] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (Nf1) mutation predisposes to benign peripheral nerve (glial) tumors called neurofibromas. The point(s) in development when Nf1 loss promotes neurofibroma formation are unknown. We show that inactivation of Nf1 in the glial lineage in vitro at embryonic day 12.5 + 1, but not earlier (neural crest) or later (mature Schwann cell), results in colony-forming cells capable of multilineage differentiation. In vivo, inactivation of Nf1 using a DhhCre driver beginning at E12.5 elicits plexiform neurofibromas, dermal neurofibromas, and pigmentation. Tumor Schwann cells uniquely show biallelic Nf1 inactivation. Peripheral nerve and tumors contain transiently proliferating Schwann cells that lose axonal contact, providing insight into early neurofibroma formation. We suggest that timing of Nf1 mutation is critical for neurofibroma formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Wu
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229
| | - Jon P. Williams
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229
| | - Tilat A. Rizvi
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229
| | - Jennifer J. Kordich
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229
| | - David Witte
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229
| | - Dies Meijer
- Departments of Cell Biology and Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000DR Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anat O. Stemmer-Rachamimov
- Departments of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jose A. Cancelas
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229
- Hoxworth Blood Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229
| | - Nancy Ratner
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229
- Author for correspondence: Nancy Ratner: Tel: 513-636-9469
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48
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Kalamarides M, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Takahashi M, Han ZY, Chareyre F, Niwa-Kawakita M, Black PM, Carroll RS, Giovannini M. Natural history of meningioma development in mice reveals: a synergy of Nf2 and p16(Ink4a) mutations. Brain Pathol 2007; 18:62-70. [PMID: 17924978 PMCID: PMC2253711 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3639.2007.00105.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Meningiomas account for approximately 30% of all primary central nervous system tumors and are found in half of neurofibromatosis type 2 patients often causing significant morbidity. Although most meningiomas are benign, 10% are classified as atypical or anaplastic, displaying aggressive clinical behavior. Biallelic inactivation of the neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2) tumor suppressor is associated with meningioma formation in all NF2 patients and 60% of sporadic meningiomas. Deletion of the p16INK4a/p14ARF locus is found in both benign and malignant meningiomas, while mutation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene is uncommon. Previously, we inactivated Nf2 in homozygous conditional knockout mice by adenoviral Cre delivery and showed that Nf2 loss in arachnoid cells is rate‐limiting for meningioma formation. Here, we report that additional nullizygosity for p16Ink4a increases the frequency of meningioma and meningothelial proliferation in these mice without modifying the tumor grade. In addition, by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to screen a large cohort of mutant mice, we were able to detect meningothelial proliferation and meningioma development opening the way to future studies in which therapeutic interventions can be tested as preclinical assessment of their potential clinical application.
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49
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James MF, Lelke JM, Maccollin M, Plotkin SR, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Ramesh V, Gusella JF. Modeling NF2 with human arachnoidal and meningioma cell culture systems: NF2 silencing reflects the benign character of tumor growth. Neurobiol Dis 2007; 29:278-92. [PMID: 17962031 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2007.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2007] [Revised: 08/28/2007] [Accepted: 09/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Meningiomas, common tumors arising from arachnoidal cells of the meninges, may occur sporadically, or in association with the inherited disorder, neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2). Most sporadic meningiomas result from NF2 inactivation, resulting in loss of tumor suppressor merlin, implicated in regulating membrane-cytoskeletal organization. To investigate merlin function in an authentic target cell type for NF2 tumor formation, we established primary cultures from genetically-matched meningioma and normal arachnoidal tissues. Our studies revealed novel and distinct cell biological and biochemical properties unique to merlin-deficient meningioma cells compared to merlin-expressing arachnoidal and meningioma cells, and other NF2-deficient cell types. Merlin-deficient meningioma cells displayed cytoskeletal and cell contact defects, altered cell morphology and growth properties, most notably cell senescence, implicating the activation of senescence pathways in limiting benign meningioma growth. Merlin suppression by RNAi in arachnoidal cells replicated merlin-deficient meningioma features, thus establishing these cell systems as disease-relevant models for studying NF2 tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne F James
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Richard B. Simches Research Building, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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50
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Prabhakar S, Messerli SM, Stemmer-Rachamimov AO, Liu TC, Rabkin S, Martuza R, Breakefield XO. Treatment of Implantable NF2 Schwannoma Tumor Models with Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus G47Δ. Cancer Gene Ther 2007; 14:460-7. [PMID: 17304235 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cgt.7701037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Schwannomas are benign tumors composed of dedifferentiated Schwann cells that form along peripheral nerves causing nerve compression often associated with pain and loss of function. Current surgical therapy involves total or subtotal surgical removal of the tumor, which may cause permanent nerve damage. In the present study, we explore an alternate means of therapy in which schwannomas are injected with a replication-conditional herpes simplex virus (HSV) vector to shrink the tumor through cell lysis during virus propagation. The oncolytic vector used, G47Delta, has deletions in HSV genes, which allow it to replicate selectively in dividing cells, sparing neurons. Two schwannoma cell lines were used to generate subcutaneous tumors in nude mice: HEI193, an immortalized human line previously established from an NF2 patient and NF2S-1, a newly generated spontaneous mouse line. Subcutaneous HEI193 tumors grew about ten times as fast as NF2S-1 tumors, and both regressed substantially following injection of G47Delta. Complete regression of HEI193 tumors was achieved in most animals, whereas all NF2S-1 tumors resumed growth within 2 weeks after vector injection. These studies provide a new schwannoma model for testing therapeutic strategies and demonstrate that oncolytic HSV vectors can be successfully used to shrink growing schwannomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Prabhakar
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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