1
|
Zheng Y, Zhang B, Shi WW, Deng X, Wang TY, Han D, Ren Y, Yang Z, Zhou YK, Kuang J, Wang ZW, Tang S, Zheng JS. An Enzyme-Cleavable Solubilizing-Tag Facilitates the Chemical Synthesis of Mirror-Image Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318897. [PMID: 38326236 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Mirror-image proteins (D-proteins) are useful in biomedical research for purposes such as mirror-image screening for D-peptide drug discovery, but the chemical synthesis of many D-proteins is often low yielding due to the poor solubility or aggregation of their constituent peptide segments. Here, we report a Lys-C protease-cleavable solubilizing tag and its use to synthesize difficult-to-obtain D-proteins. Our tag is easily installed onto multiple amino acids such as DLys, DSer, DThr, and/or the N-terminal amino acid of hydrophobic D-peptides, is impervious to various reaction conditions, such as peptide synthesis, ligation, desulfurization, and transition metal-mediated deprotection, and yet can be completely removed by Lys-C protease under denaturing conditions to give the desired D-protein. The efficacy and practicality of the new method were exemplified in the synthesis of two challenging D-proteins: D-enantiomers of programmed cell death protein 1 IgV domain and SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein, in high yield. This work demonstrates that the enzymatic cleavage of solubilizing tags under denaturing conditions is feasible, thus paving the way for the production of more D-proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Zheng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, and Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Baochang Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, and Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wei-Wei Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiangyu Deng
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Tong-Yue Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Dongyang Han
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yuxiang Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ziyi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yong-Kang Zhou
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
| | - Jian Kuang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Zhi-Wen Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Shan Tang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
| | - Ji-Shen Zheng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, and Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lander A, Kong Y, Jin Y, Wu C, Luk LYP. Deciphering the Synthetic and Refolding Strategy of a Cysteine-Rich Domain in the Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor (TNF-R) for Racemic Crystallography Analysis and d-Peptide Ligand Discovery. ACS BIO & MED CHEM AU 2024; 4:68-76. [PMID: 38404743 PMCID: PMC10885103 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomedchemau.3c00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Many cell-surface receptors are promising targets for chemical synthesis because of their critical roles in disease development. This synthetic approach enables investigations by racemic protein crystallography and ligand discovery by mirror-image methodologies. However, due to their complex nature, the chemical synthesis of a receptor can be a significant challenge. Here, we describe the chemical synthesis and folding of a central, cysteine-rich domain of the cell-surface receptor tumor necrosis factor 1 which is integral to binding of the cytokine TNF-α, namely, TNFR-1 CRD2. Racemic protein crystallography at 1.4 Å confirmed that the native binding conformation was preserved, and TNFR-1 CRD2 maintained its capacity to bind to TNF-α (KD ≈ 7 nM). Encouraged by this discovery, we carried out mirror-image phage display using the enantiomeric receptor mimic and identified a d-peptide ligand for TNFR-1 CRD2 (KD = 1 μM). This work demonstrated that cysteine-rich domains, including the central domains, can be chemically synthesized and used as mimics for investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander
J. Lander
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K.
| | - Yifu Kong
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The MOE
Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, State
Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Fujian Province 361005, China
| | - Yi Jin
- Manchester
Institute of Biotechnology, University of
Manchester, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K.
| | - Chuanliu Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The MOE
Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, State
Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Fujian Province 361005, China
| | - Louis Y. P. Luk
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gao YP, Sun PF, Guo WC, Zhou YK, Zheng JS, Tang S. Chemical synthesis of a 28 kDa full-length PET degrading enzyme ICCG by the removable backbone modification strategy. Bioorg Chem 2024; 143:107047. [PMID: 38154387 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.107047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Chemical protein synthesis offers a powerful way to access otherwise-difficult-to-obtain proteins such as mirror-image proteins. Although a large number of proteins have been chemically synthesized to date, the acquisition to proteins containing hydrophobic peptide fragments has proven challenging. Here, we describe an approach that combines the removable backbone modification strategy and the peptide hydrazide-based native chemical ligation for the chemical synthesis of a 28 kDa full-length PET degrading enzyme IGGC (a higher depolymerization efficiency of variant leaf-branch compost cutinase (LCC)) containing hydrophobic peptide segments. The synthetic ICCG exhibits the enzymatic activity and will be useful in establishing the corresponding mirror-image version of ICCG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Pu Gao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Peng-Fei Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Wu-Chen Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Yong-Kang Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Ji-Shen Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China.
| | - Shan Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ma W, Liu H, Li X. Chemical Synthesis of Peptides and Proteins Bearing Base-Labile Post-Translational Modifications: Evolution of the Methods in Four Decades. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300348. [PMID: 37380612 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
The S-palmitoylation on Cys residue and O-acetylation on Ser/Thr residues are two types of base-labile post-translational modifications (PTMs) in cells. The lability of these PTMs to bases and nucleophiles makes the peptides/proteins bearing S-palmitoyl or O-acetyl groups challenging synthetic targets, which cannot be prepared via the standard Fmoc-SPPS and native chemical ligation. In this review, we summarized the efforts towards their preparation in the past 40 years, with the focus on the evolution of synthetic methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Ma
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xuechen Li
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang B, Zheng Y, Chu G, Deng X, Wang T, Shi W, Zhou Y, Tang S, Zheng JS, Liu L. Backbone-Installed Split Intein-Assisted Ligation for the Chemical Synthesis of Mirror-Image Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202306270. [PMID: 37357888 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202306270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Membrane-associated D-proteins are an important class of synthetic molecules needed for D-peptide drug discovery, but their chemical synthesis using canonical ligation methods such as native chemical ligation is often hampered by the poor solubility of their constituent peptide segments. Here, we describe a Backbone-Installed Split Intein-Assisted Ligation (BISIAL) method for the synthesis of these proteins, wherein the native L-forms of the N- and C-intein fragments of the unique consensus-fast (Cfa) (i.e. L-CfaN and L-CfaC ) are separately installed onto the two D-peptide segments to be ligated via a removable backbone modification. The ligation proceeds smoothly at micromolar (μM) concentrations under strongly chaotropic conditions (8.0 M urea), and the subsequent removal of the backbone modification groups affords the desired D-proteins without leaving any "ligation scar" on the products. The effectiveness and practicality of the BISIAL method are exemplified by the synthesis of the D-enantiomers of the extracellular domains of T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT) and tropomyosin receptor kinase C (TrkC). The BISIAL method further expands the chemical protein synthesis ligation toolkit and provides practical access to challenging D-protein targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baochang Zhang
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yupeng Zheng
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Guochao Chu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiangyu Deng
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Tongyue Wang
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Weiwei Shi
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yongkang Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, MOE Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, and Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Shan Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, MOE Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, and Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Ji-Shen Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, MOE Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, and Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lin S, Mo Z, Wang P, He C. Oxidation and Phenolysis of Peptide/Protein C-Terminal Hydrazides Afford Salicylaldehyde Ester Surrogates for Chemical Protein Synthesis. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37470345 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
With the growing popularity of serine/threonine ligation (STL) and cysteine/penicillamine ligation (CPL) in chemical protein synthesis, facile and general approaches for the preparation of peptide salicylaldehyde (SAL) esters are urgently needed, especially those viable for obtaining expressed protein SAL esters. Herein, we report the access of SAL ester surrogates from peptide hydrazides (obtained either synthetically or recombinantly) via nitrite oxidation and phenolysis by 3-(1,3-dithian-2-yl)-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (SAL(-COOH)PDT). The resulting peptide SAL(-COOH)PDT esters can be activated to afford the reactive peptide SAL(-COOH) esters for subsequent STL/CPL. While being operationally simple for both synthetic peptides and expressed proteins, the current strategy facilitates convergent protein synthesis and combined application of STL with NCL. The generality of the strategy is showcased by the N-terminal ubiquitination of the growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein (Gadd45a), the efficient synthesis of ubiquitin-like protein 5 (UBL-5) via a combined N-to-C NCL-STL strategy, and the C-to-N semisynthesis of a myoglobin (Mb) variant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaomin Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zeyuan Mo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chunmao He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lander AJ, Jin Y, Luk LYP. D-Peptide and D-Protein Technology: Recent Advances, Challenges, and Opportunities. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202200537. [PMID: 36278392 PMCID: PMC10805118 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Total chemical protein synthesis provides access to entire D-protein enantiomers enabling unique applications in molecular biology, structural biology, and bioactive compound discovery. Key enzymes involved in the central dogma of molecular biology have been prepared in their D-enantiomeric forms facilitating the development of mirror-image life. Crystallization of a racemic mixture of L- and D-protein enantiomers provides access to high-resolution X-ray structures of polypeptides. Additionally, D-enantiomers of protein drug targets can be used in mirror-image phage display allowing discovery of non-proteolytic D-peptide ligands as lead candidates. This review discusses the unique applications of D-proteins including the synthetic challenges and opportunities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Lander
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityMain Building, Park PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - Yi Jin
- Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyThe University of ManchesterManchesterM1 7DNUK
| | - Louis Y. P. Luk
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityMain Building, Park PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ma W, Wu H, Liu S, Wei T, Li XD, Liu H, Li X. Chemical Synthesis of Proteins with Base-Labile Posttranslational Modifications Enabled by a Boc-SPPS Based General Strategy Towards Peptide C-Terminal Salicylaldehyde Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214053. [PMID: 36344442 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chemical synthesis of proteins bearing base-labile post-translational modifications (PTMs) is a challenging task. For instance, O-acetylation and S-palmitoylation PTMs cannot survive Fmoc removal conditions during Fmoc-solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). In this work, we developed a new Boc-SPPS-based strategy for the synthesis of peptide C-terminal salicylaldehyde (SAL) esters, which are the key reaction partner in Ser/Thr ligation and Cys/Pen ligation. The strategy utilized the semicarbazone-modified aminomethyl (AM) resin, which could support the Boc-SPPS and release the peptide SAL ester upon treatment with TFA/H2 O and pyruvic acid. The non-oxidative aldehyde regeneration was fully compatible with all the canonical amino acids. Armed with this strategy, we finished the syntheses of the O-acetylated protein histone H3(S10ac, T22ac) and the hydrophobic S-palmitoylated peptide derived from caveolin-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Ma
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam road, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Hongxiang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam road, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Sha Liu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam road, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Tongyao Wei
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam road, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Xiang David Li
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam road, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam road, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Xuechen Li
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam road, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tanaka S, Narumi T, Mase N, Sato K. Hydrazide-Mediated Solubilizing Strategy for Poorly Soluble Peptides Using a Dialkoxybenzaldehyde Linker. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2022; 70:707-715. [PMID: 36184453 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c22-00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Proteins modified in a controlled manner with artificial moieties such as fluorophores or affinity tags have been shown to be a powerful tool for functional or structural analysis of proteins. A reliable way to prepare proteins with a well-defined modification is protein synthesis. Although many successful syntheses have been reported, the poor aqueous solubility of synthetic intermediates causes difficulty in the chemical synthesis of proteins. Here we describe a solubilizing strategy for poorly soluble peptides which uses chemoselective incorporation of a hydrophilic tag onto a hydrazide in a peptide. We found that a hydrophilic tag possessing a dialkoxybenzaldehyde moiety can react with peptide hydrazides through reductive N-alkylation. No protecting groups are required for this reaction, and peptides modified in this way show enhanced solubility and consequently good peak separation during HPLC purification. The tag can be removed subsequently by treatment with trifluoroacetic acid to generate a free hydrazide, which can be converted in a one-pot reaction to a thioester for further modification. This method was validated by synthesis of a Lys63-linked ubiquitin dimer derivative. This late-stage solubilization can be applied in principal to any peptide and opens the possibility of the synthesis of proteins that have previously been considered inaccessible due to their poor solubility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Tanaka
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University
| | - Tetsuo Narumi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University.,Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University.,Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University
| | - Nobuyuki Mase
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University.,Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University.,Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University
| | - Kohei Sato
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University.,Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University.,Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hanna CC, Kriegesmann J, Dowman LJ, Becker CFW, Payne RJ. Chemische Synthese und Semisynthese von lipidierten Proteinen. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 134:e202111266. [PMID: 38504765 PMCID: PMC10947004 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
AbstractLipidierung ist eine ubiquitäre Modifikation von Peptiden und Proteinen, die entweder co‐ oder posttranslational auftreten kann. Für die Vielzahl von Lipidklassen wurde gezeigt, dass diese viele entscheidende biologische Aktivitäten, z. B. die Regulierung der Signalweiterleitung, Zell‐Zell‐Adhäsion sowie die Anlagerung von Proteinen an Lipid‐Rafts und Phospholipidmembranen, beeinflussen. Während die Natur Enzyme nutzt, um Lipidmodifikationen in Proteine einzubringen, ist ihre Nutzung für die chemoenzymatische Herstellung von lipidierten Proteinen häufig ineffizient. Eine Alternative ist die Kombination moderner synthetischer und semisynthetischer Techniken, um lipidierte Proteine in reiner und homogen modifizierter Form zu erhalten. Dieser Aufsatz erörtert Fortschritte in der Entwicklung der Lipidierungs‐ und Ligationschemie und deren Anwendung in der Synthese und Semisynthese homogen lipidierter Proteine, die es ermöglichen, den Einfluss dieser Modifikationen auf die Proteinstruktur und ‐funktion zu untersuchen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron C. Hanna
- School of ChemistryThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australien
| | - Julia Kriegesmann
- Institut für Biologische ChemieFakultät für ChemieUniversität WienWienÖsterreich
| | - Luke J. Dowman
- School of ChemistryThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australien
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australien
| | | | - Richard J. Payne
- School of ChemistryThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australien
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australien
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu J, Wei T, Tan Y, Liu H, Li X. Enabling chemical protein (semi)synthesis via reducible solubilizing tags (RSTs). Chem Sci 2022; 13:1367-1374. [PMID: 35222920 PMCID: PMC8809390 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06387a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The reducible solubilizing tag strategy served as a simple and powerful method for the chemical synthesis and semi-synthesis via Ser/Thr ligation and Cys/Pen ligation of extensive self-assembly peptides, membrane proteins with poor solubility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiamei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Lab of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tongyao Wei
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Lab of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yi Tan
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Lab of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Heng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Lab of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xuechen Li
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Lab of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Huang DL, Li Y, Zheng JS. Removable Backbone Modification (RBM) Strategy for the Chemical Synthesis of Hydrophobic Peptides/Proteins. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2530:241-256. [PMID: 35761053 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2489-0_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chemical synthesis can provide hydrophobic proteins with natural or man-made modifications (e.g. S-palmitoylation, site-specific isotope labeling and mirror-image proteins) that are difficult to obtain through the recombinant expression technology. The difficulty of chemical synthesis of hydrophobic proteins stems from the hydrophobic nature. Removable backbone modificaiton (RBM) strategy has been developed for solubilizing the hydrophobic peptides/proteins. Here we take the chemical synthesis of a S-palmitoylated peptide as an example to describe the detailed procedure of RBM strategy. Three critical steps of this protocol are: (1) installation of Lys6-tagged RBM groups into the peptides by Fmoc (9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl) solid-phase peptide synthesis, (2) chemical ligation of the peptides, and (3) removal of the RBM tags by TFA (trifluoroacetic acid) cocktails to give the target peptide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Liang Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ying Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ji-Shen Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Garst EH, Das T, Hang HC. Chemical approaches for investigating site-specific protein S-fatty acylation. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2021; 65:109-117. [PMID: 34333222 PMCID: PMC8671186 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Protein S-fatty acylation or S-palmitoylation is a reversible and regulated lipid post-translational modification (PTM) in eukaryotes. Loss-of-function mutagenesis studies have suggested important roles for protein S-fatty acylation in many fundamental biological pathways in development, neurobiology, and immunity that are also associated with human diseases. However, the hydrophobicity and reversibility of this PTM have made site-specific gain-of-function studies more challenging to investigate. In this review, we summarize recent chemical biology approaches and methods that have enabled site-specific gain-of-function studies of protein S-fatty acylation and the investigation of the mechanisms and significance of this PTM in eukaryotic biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma H Garst
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, United States; Tri-Institutional Ph.D. Program in Chemical Biology, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Tandrila Das
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, United States; Tri-Institutional Ph.D. Program in Chemical Biology, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Howard C Hang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, United States; Departments of Immunology and Microbiology and Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li Y, Heng J, Sun D, Zhang B, Zhang X, Zheng Y, Shi WW, Wang TY, Li JY, Sun X, Liu X, Zheng JS, Kobilka BK, Liu L. Chemical Synthesis of a Full-Length G-Protein-Coupled Receptor β 2-Adrenergic Receptor with Defined Modification Patterns at the C-Terminus. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:17566-17576. [PMID: 34663067 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) is a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that responds to the hormone adrenaline and is an important drug target in the context of respiratory diseases, including asthma. β2AR function can be regulated by post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation and ubiquitination at the C-terminus, but access to the full-length β2AR with well-defined and homogeneous modification patterns critical for biochemical and biophysical studies remains challenging. Here, we report a practical synthesis of differentially modified, full-length β2AR based on a combined native chemical ligation (NCL) and sortase ligation strategy. An array of homogeneous samples of full-length β2ARs with distinct modification patterns, including a full-length β2AR bearing both monoubiquitination and octaphosphorylation modifications, were successfully prepared for the first time. Using these homogeneously modified full-length β2AR receptors, we found that different phosphorylation patterns mediate different interactions with β-arrestin1 as reflected in different agonist binding affinities. Our experiments also indicated that ubiquitination can further modulate interactions between β2AR and β-arrestin1. Access to full-length β2AR with well-defined and homogeneous modification patterns at the C-terminus opens a door to further in-depth mechanistic studies into the structure and dynamics of β2AR complexes with downstream transducer proteins, including G proteins, arrestins, and GPCR kinases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulei Li
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jie Heng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Demeng Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Baochang Zhang
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yupeng Zheng
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei-Wei Shi
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tong-Yue Wang
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiu-Yi Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Xiaoou Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ji-Shen Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Brian K Kobilka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Lei Liu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Giesler RJ, Spaltenstein P, Jacobsen MT, Xu W, Maqueda M, Kay MS. A glutamic acid-based traceless linker to address challenging chemical protein syntheses. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:8821-8829. [PMID: 34585207 PMCID: PMC8604549 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01611c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Native chemical ligation (NCL) enables the total chemical synthesis of proteins. However, poor peptide segment solubility remains a frequently encountered challenge. Here we introduce a traceless linker that can be temporarily attached to Glu side chains to overcome this problem. This strategy employs a new tool, Fmoc-Glu(AlHx)-OH, which can be directly installed using standard Fmoc-based solid-phase peptide synthesis. The incorporated residue, Glu(AlHx), is stable to a wide range of chemical protein synthesis conditions and is removed through palladium-catalyzed transfer under aqueous conditions. General handling characteristics, such as efficient incorporation, stability and rapid removal were demonstrated through a model peptide modified with Glu(AlHx) and a Lys6 solubilizing tag. Glu(AlHx) was incorporated into a highly insoluble peptide segment during the total synthesis of the bacteriocin AS-48. This challenging peptide was successfully synthesized and folded, and it has comparable antimicrobial activity to the native AS-48. We anticipate widespread use of this easy-to-use, robust linker for the preparation of challenging synthetic peptides and proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riley J Giesler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 North Medical Drive East, Room 4100, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5650, USA.
| | - Paul Spaltenstein
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 North Medical Drive East, Room 4100, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5650, USA.
| | - Michael T Jacobsen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Weiliang Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 North Medical Drive East, Room 4100, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5650, USA.
| | - Mercedes Maqueda
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Michael S Kay
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 North Medical Drive East, Room 4100, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5650, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hanna C, Kriegesmann J, Dowman L, Becker C, Payne RJ. Chemical Synthesis and Semisynthesis of Lipidated Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202111266. [PMID: 34611966 PMCID: PMC9303669 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Lipidation is a ubiquitous modification of peptides and proteins that can occur either co‐ or post‐translationally. An array of different lipid classes can adorn proteins and has been shown to influence a number of crucial biological activities, including the regulation of signaling, cell–cell adhesion events, and the anchoring of proteins to lipid rafts and phospholipid membranes. Whereas nature employs a range of enzymes to install lipid modifications onto proteins, the use of these for the chemoenzymatic generation of lipidated proteins is often inefficient or impractical. An alternative is to harness the power of modern synthetic and semisynthetic technologies to access lipid‐modified proteins in a pure and homogeneously modified form. This Review aims to highlight significant advances in the development of lipidation and ligation chemistry and their implementation in the synthesis and semisynthesis of homogeneous lipidated proteins that have enabled the influence of these modifications on protein structure and function to be uncovered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Hanna
- The University of Sydney, Chemistry, 2006, Sydney, AUSTRALIA
| | - Julia Kriegesmann
- University of Vienna: Universitat Wien, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Vienna, AUSTRIA
| | - Luke Dowman
- The University of Sydney, School of Chemistry, 2006, Sydney, AUSTRALIA
| | - Christian Becker
- University of Vienna Faculty of Chemistry: Universitat Wien Fakultat fur Chemie, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Vienna, AUSTRIA
| | - Richard James Payne
- The University of Sydney, School of Chemistry, Eastern Avenue, 2006, Sydney, AUSTRALIA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Spears RJ, McMahon C, Chudasama V. Cysteine protecting groups: applications in peptide and protein science. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:11098-11155. [PMID: 34605832 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00271f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Protecting group chemistry for the cysteine thiol group has enabled a vast array of peptide and protein chemistry over the last several decades. Increasingly sophisticated strategies for the protection, and subsequent deprotection, of cysteine have been developed, facilitating synthesis of complex disulfide-rich peptides, semisynthesis of proteins, and peptide/protein labelling in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we analyse and discuss the 60+ individual protecting groups reported for cysteine, highlighting their applications in peptide synthesis and protein science.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Clíona McMahon
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Vijay Chudasama
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hojo H, Takei T, Asahina Y, Okumura N, Takao T, So M, Suetake I, Sato T, Kawamoto A, Hirabayashi Y. Total Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Caveolin‐1. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202100826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hironobu Hojo
- Institute for Protein Research Osaka University Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Toshiki Takei
- Institute for Protein Research Osaka University Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Yuya Asahina
- Institute for Protein Research Osaka University Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Nobuaki Okumura
- Institute for Protein Research Osaka University Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Toshifumi Takao
- Institute for Protein Research Osaka University Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Masatomo So
- Institute for Protein Research Osaka University Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Isao Suetake
- Nakamura Gakuen University Fukuoka 814-0198 Japan
| | - Takeshi Sato
- Kyoto Pharmaceutical University Kyoto 607-8414 Japan
| | - Akihiro Kawamoto
- Institute for Protein Research Osaka University Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Yoshio Hirabayashi
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research Saitama 351-0198 Japan
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine Chiba 279-0021 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hojo H, Takei T, Asahina Y, Okumura N, Takao T, So M, Suetake I, Sato T, Kawamoto A, Hirabayashi Y. Total Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Caveolin-1. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:13900-13905. [PMID: 33825275 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Caveolin-1, which is an essential protein for caveola formation, was chemically synthesized. It is composed of 177 amino acid residues, is triply palmitoylated at the C-terminal region, and is inserted into the lipid bilayer to form a V-shaped structure in the middle of the polypeptide chain. The entire sequence was divided into five peptide segments, each of which was synthesized by the solid-phase method. To improve the solubility of the C-terminal region, O-acyl isopeptide structures were incorporated. After ligation by the thioester method and the introduction of the palmitoyl groups, all the protecting groups were removed and the isopeptide structures were converted into the native peptide bond. Finally, the obtained polypeptide was successfully inserted into bicelles, thus showing the success of the synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hironobu Hojo
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshiki Takei
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuya Asahina
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Okumura
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Takao
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masatomo So
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Isao Suetake
- Nakamura Gakuen University, Fukuoka, 814-0198, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sato
- Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kawamoto
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshio Hirabayashi
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.,Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, 279-0021, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Garst EH, Lee H, Das T, Bhattacharya S, Percher A, Wiewiora R, Witte IP, Li Y, Peng T, Im W, Hang HC. Site-Specific Lipidation Enhances IFITM3 Membrane Interactions and Antiviral Activity. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:844-856. [PMID: 33887136 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITMs) are S-palmitoylated proteins in vertebrates that restrict a diverse range of viruses. S-palmitoylated IFITM3 in particular engages incoming virus particles, prevents their cytoplasmic entry, and accelerates their lysosomal clearance by host cells. However, how S-palmitoylation modulates the structure and biophysical characteristics of IFITM3 to promote its antiviral activity remains unclear. To investigate how site-specific S-palmitoylation controls IFITM3 antiviral activity, we employed computational, chemical, and biophysical approaches to demonstrate that site-specific lipidation of cysteine 72 enhances the antiviral activity of IFITM3 by modulating its conformation and interaction with lipid membranes. Collectively, our results demonstrate that site-specific S-palmitoylation of IFITM3 directly alters its biophysical properties and activity in cells to prevent virus infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma H. Garst
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Tri-Institutional Ph.D. Program in Chemical Biology, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Hwayoung Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chemistry, and Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Tandrila Das
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Tri-Institutional Ph.D. Program in Chemical Biology, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | | | - Avital Percher
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Rafal Wiewiora
- Tri-Institutional Ph.D. Program in Chemical Biology, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Isaac P. Witte
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Yumeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wonpil Im
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chemistry, and Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Howard C. Hang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Departments of Immunology and Microbiology and Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhu HY, Wu M, Yu FQ, Zhang YN, Xi TK, Chen K, Fang GM. Chemical synthesis of thioether-bonded bicyclic peptides using tert-butylthio and Trt-protected cysteines. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.152875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
22
|
Montigny C, Huang DL, Beswick V, Barbot T, Jaxel C, le Maire M, Zheng JS, Jamin N. Sarcolipin alters SERCA1a interdomain communication by impairing binding of both calcium and ATP. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1641. [PMID: 33452371 PMCID: PMC7810697 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81061-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcolipin (SLN), a single-spanning membrane protein, is a regulator of the sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA1a). Chemically synthesized SLN, palmitoylated or not (pSLN or SLN), and recombinant wild-type rabbit SERCA1a expressed in S. cerevisiae design experimental conditions that provide a deeper understanding of the functional role of SLN on the regulation of SERCA1a. Our data show that chemically synthesized SLN interacts with recombinant SERCA1a, with calcium-deprived E2 state as well as with calcium-bound E1 state. This interaction hampers the binding of calcium in agreement with published data. Unexpectedly, SLN has also an allosteric effect on SERCA1a transport activity by impairing the binding of ATP. Our results reveal that SLN significantly slows down the E2 to Ca2.E1 transition of SERCA1a while it affects neither phosphorylation nor dephosphorylation. Comparison with chemically synthesized SLN deprived of acylation demonstrates that palmitoylation is not necessary for either inhibition or association with SERCA1a. However, it has a small but statistically significant effect on SERCA1a phosphorylation when various ratios of SLN-SERCA1a or pSLN-SERCA1a are tested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Montigny
- CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Dong Liang Huang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Veronica Beswick
- CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Department of Physics, Evry-Val-d'Essonne University, 91025, Evry, France
| | - Thomas Barbot
- CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Christine Jaxel
- CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marc le Maire
- CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ji-Shen Zheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
| | - Nadège Jamin
- CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Tan Y, Wu H, Wei T, Li X. Chemical Protein Synthesis: Advances, Challenges, and Outlooks. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:20288-20298. [PMID: 33211477 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Contemporary chemical protein synthesis has been dramatically advanced over the past few decades, which has enabled chemists to reach the landscape of synthetic biomacromolecules. Chemical synthesis can produce synthetic proteins with precisely controlled structures which are difficult or impossible to obtain via gene expression systems. Herein, we summarize the key enabling ligation technologies, major strategic developments, and some selected representative applications of synthetic proteins and provide an outlook for future development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tan
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China SAR
| | - Hongxiang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China SAR
| | - Tongyao Wei
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China SAR
| | - Xuechen Li
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China SAR
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Li Y, Cao X, Tian C, Zheng JS. Chemical protein synthesis-assisted high-throughput screening strategies for d-peptides in drug discovery. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
25
|
|
26
|
Huang DL, Li Y, Liang J, Yu L, Xue M, Cao XX, Xiao B, Tian CL, Liu L, Zheng JS. The New Salicylaldehyde S,S-Propanedithioacetal Ester Enables N-to-C Sequential Native Chemical Ligation and Ser/Thr Ligation for Chemical Protein Synthesis. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:8790-8799. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Liang Huang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Lu Yu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Min Xue
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Xiu-Xiu Cao
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Bin Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Chang-Lin Tian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ji-Shen Zheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| |
Collapse
|