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Kim YM, Kim HY, Jang JT, Hong S. Preventive Effect of Ecklonia cava Extract on DSS-Induced Colitis by Elevating Intestinal Barrier Function and Improving Pathogenic Inflammation. Molecules 2023; 28:8099. [PMID: 38138587 PMCID: PMC10745772 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, is a complex gastrointestinal disorder with a multifactorial etiology, including environmental triggers, autoimmune mechanisms, and genetic predisposition. Despite advancements in therapeutic strategies for IBD, its associated mortality rate continues to rise, which is often attributed to unforeseen side effects of conventional treatments. In this context, we explored the potential of Ecklonia cava extract (ECE), derived from an edible marine alga known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, in mitigating IBD. This study investigated the effectiveness of ECE as a preventive agent in a murine model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Our findings revealed that pretreatment with ECE significantly ameliorated colitis severity, as evidenced by increased colon length, reduced spleen weight, and histological improvements demonstrated by immunohistochemical analysis. Furthermore, ECE significantly attenuated the upregulation of inflammatory cytokines and mediators and the infiltration of immune cells known to be prominent features of colitis in mice. Notably, ECE alleviated dysbiosis of intestinal microflora and aided in the recovery of damaged intestinal mucosa. Mechanistically, ECE exhibited protective effects against pathogenic colitis by inhibiting the NLRP3/NF-κB pathways known to be pivotal regulators in the inflammatory signaling cascade. These compelling results suggest that ECE holds promise as a potential candidate for IBD prevention. It might be developed into a functional food for promoting gastrointestinal health. This research sheds light on the preventive potential of natural compounds like ECE in the management of IBD, offering a safer and more effective approach to combating this challenging disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Mi Kim
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea; (Y.-M.K.); (H.-Y.K.)
| | - Hye-Youn Kim
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea; (Y.-M.K.); (H.-Y.K.)
| | - Ji-Tae Jang
- Aqua Green Technology Co., Ltd., Smart Building, Jeju Science Park, Jeju 63309, Republic of Korea;
| | - Suntaek Hong
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea; (Y.-M.K.); (H.-Y.K.)
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2
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Notaro A, Zaretsky M, Molinaro A, De Castro C, Eichler J. N-glycosylation in Archaea: Unusual sugars and unique modifications. Carbohydr Res 2023; 534:108963. [PMID: 37890267 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Archaea are microorganisms that comprise a distinct branch of the universal tree of life and which are best known as extremophiles, residing in a variety of environments characterized by harsh physical conditions. One seemingly universal trait of Archaea is the ability to perform N-glycosylation. At the same time, archaeal N-linked glycans present variety in terms of both composition and architecture not seen in the parallel eukaryal or bacterial processes. In this mini-review, many of the unique and unusual sugars found in archaeal N-linked glycans as identified by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Notaro
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Marianna Zaretsky
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva, Israel
| | - Antonio Molinaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Cristina De Castro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Jerry Eichler
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva, Israel.
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3
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Madsen MA, Semerdzhiev S, Twigg JD, Moss C, Bavington CD, Amtmann A. Environmental modulation of exopolysaccharide production in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis 6803. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:6121-6134. [PMID: 37552253 PMCID: PMC10485101 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12697-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms produce extracellular polymeric substances (EPS, also known as exopolysaccharides) of diverse composition and structure. The biochemical and biophysical properties of these biopolymers enable a wide range of industrial applications. EPS from cyanobacteria are particularly versatile as they incorporate a larger number and variety of building blocks and adopt more complex structures than EPS from other organisms. However, the genetic makeup and regulation of EPS biosynthetic pathways in cyanobacteria are poorly understood. Here, we measured the effect of changing culture media on titre and composition of EPS released by Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, and we integrated this information with transcriptomic data. Across all conditions, daily EPS productivity of individual cells was highest in the early growth phase, but the total amount of EPS obtained from the cultures was highest in the later growth phases due to accumulation. Lowering the magnesium concentration in the media enhanced per-cell productivity but the produced EPS had a lower total sugar content. Levels of individual monosaccharides correlated with specific culture media components, e.g. xylose with sulfur, glucose and N-acetyl-galactosamine with NaCl. Comparison with RNA sequencing data suggests a Wzy-dependent biosynthetic pathway and a protective role for xylose-rich EPS. This multi-level analysis offers a handle to link individual genes to the dynamic modulation of a complex biopolymer. KEY POINTS: • Synechocystis exopolysaccharide amount and composition depends on culture condition • Production rate and sugar content can be modulated by Mg and S respectively • Wzy-dependent biosynthetic pathway and protective role proposed for xylose-rich EPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ann Madsen
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK
| | - Stefan Semerdzhiev
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK
| | - Jordan D Twigg
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK
| | - Claire Moss
- GlycoMar Ltd, Malin House, European Marine Science Park, Oban, Scotland, PA37 1SZ, UK
| | - Charles D Bavington
- GlycoMar Ltd, Malin House, European Marine Science Park, Oban, Scotland, PA37 1SZ, UK
| | - Anna Amtmann
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK.
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4
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Hsieh CY, Lin JN, Kang TY, Wen YH, Yu SH, Wu CC, Wu HP. Otoprotective Effects of Fucoidan Reduce Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity in Mouse Cochlear UB/OC-2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043561. [PMID: 36834972 PMCID: PMC9959567 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a widely used standard chemotherapy for various cancers. However, cisplatin treatment is associated with severe ototoxicity. Fucoidan is a complex sulfated polysaccharide mainly derived from brown seaweeds, and it shows multiple bioactivities such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antioxidant activities. Despite evidence of the antioxidant effects of fucoidan, research on its otoprotective effects remains limited. Therefore, the present study investigated the otoprotective effects of fucoidan in vitro using the mouse cochlear cell line UB/OC-2 to develop new strategies to attenuate cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. We quantified the cell membrane potential and analyzed regulators and cascade proteins in the apoptotic pathway. Mouse cochlear UB/OC-2 cells were pre-treated with fucoidan before cisplatin exposure. The effects on cochlear hair cell viability, mitochondrial function, and apoptosis-related proteins were determined via flow cytometry, Western blot analysis, and fluorescence staining. Fucoidan treatment reduced cisplatin-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species production, stabilized mitochondrial membrane potential, inhibited mitochondrial dysfunction, and successfully protected hair cells from apoptosis. Furthermore, fucoidan exerted antioxidant effects against oxidative stress by regulating the Nrf2 pathway. Therefore, we suggest that fucoidan may represent a potential therapeutic agent for developing a new otoprotective strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yu Hsieh
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427213, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Ni Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427213, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ya Kang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427213, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Wen
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970473, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970473, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Hui Yu
- Department of Music, Tainan University of Technology, Tainan 710302, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chi Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu 300195, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Pin Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427213, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Kaur M, Kala S, Parida A, Bast F. Concise review of green algal genus Monostroma Thuret. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGY 2022; 35:1-10. [PMID: 36320446 PMCID: PMC9607784 DOI: 10.1007/s10811-022-02854-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Monostroma (Ulotrichales, Chlorophyta) is the most intensively cultivated genus among green seaweeds, accounting for over 90% of total green algal cultivation. It is commonly found in the eulittoral zones of marine and estuarine habitats, thus contributing significantly to the ecology of the coastal ecosystem. Morphologically, the frond of Monostroma is blade-like with eponymous one-cell thickness; therefore, it is also known as "Slender sea lettuce". Monostroma nitidum is often used for salad ingredients, boiled tsukudani, soups, etc., due to its health benefits. Monostroma kuroshiense is commercially cultivated in East Asia and South America for the edible product "hitoegusa-nori" or "hirohano-hitoegusa nori", popular sushi wraps. This genus remains one of the well-studied seaweed genera for ecophysiology, habitat-dependent seasonality of its growth pattern, gametangial ontogeny and phylogenetics. Moreover, rhamnan sulfate (RS), a sulfated polysaccharide, is the main component of the fiber extracted from M. nitidum and studied for various biological activities. This review presents the taxonomy, morphology, anatomy, life history, distribution, ecology, physiology, cultivation and harvesting, chemical composition, and biotechnological applications of this genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Kaur
- Department of Botany, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab 151401 India
| | - Swarna Kala
- Department of Botany, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab 151401 India
| | - Aseema Parida
- Department of Botany, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab 151401 India
| | - Felix Bast
- Department of Botany, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab 151401 India
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6
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Niu W, Chen Y, Wang L, Li J, Cui Z, Lv J, Yang F, Huo J, Zhang Z, Ju J. The combination of sodium alginate and chlorogenic acid enhances the therapeutic effect on ulcerative colitis by the regulation of inflammation and the intestinal flora. Food Funct 2022; 13:10710-10723. [PMID: 36173280 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01619b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CA) and sodium alginate (SA) each have good therapeutic effects on ulcerative colitis (UC) owing to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. This study aimed to investigate the effects of CA alone and in combination with SA on inflammatory cells and UC mice. In the Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 inflammatory cell model, Nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were significantly lower after treatment with CA plus SA than with CA alone. In the DSS-induced UC mouse model, compared with CA alone, CA plus SA showed a better ability to alleviate weight loss, reduce the disease activity index (DAI), improve the colonic mucosa, reduce the expression of inflammatory factors in the serum and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in colonic tissue, increase superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, protect the intestinal mucosa and regulate the abundance of Actinobacteriota, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Subdoligranulum and Streptococcus. Thus, CA plus SA can improve the therapeutic efficacy of CA in UC by regulating inflammatory factors, oxidative stress, and the intestinal flora and by protecting ulcerative wounds. These findings broaden our understanding of the role of the combination of SA and CA in enhancing the effects of CA on UC and provide strategies for prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Niu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China. .,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxuan Chen
- School of Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ligui Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China. .,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China. .,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhao Cui
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China. .,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiajie Lv
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China. .,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Fuyan Yang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jiege Huo
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China. .,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenhai Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China. .,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianming Ju
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China. .,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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7
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Wang X, Yin J, Hu J, Nie S, Xie M. Gastroprotective polysaccharide from natural sources: Review on structure, mechanism, and structure–activity relationship. FOOD FRONTIERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Yin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology China‐Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) Nanchang University Nanchang 330047 China
- School of Public Health and Health Management Gannan Medical University Ganzhou 341000 China
| | - Jun‐Yi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology China‐Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) Nanchang University Nanchang 330047 China
| | - Jie‐Lun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology China‐Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) Nanchang University Nanchang 330047 China
| | - Shao‐Ping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology China‐Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) Nanchang University Nanchang 330047 China
| | - Ming‐Yong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology China‐Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) Nanchang University Nanchang 330047 China
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8
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Premarathna AD, Wijesekera S, Jayasooriya AP, Waduge RN, Wijesundara R, Tuvikene R, Harishchandra D, Ranahewa T, Perera N, Wijewardana V, Rajapakse R. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the wound healing properties and safety assessment of two seaweeds ( Sargassum ilicifolium and Ulva lactuca). Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 26:100986. [PMID: 33869809 PMCID: PMC8044651 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.100986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds have been regarded as a reservoir of biologically active molecules that are important in the pharmaceutical industry. The aim of the present study was to explore the wound healing properties and to assess the safety of the seaweed Sargassum ilicifolium and Ulva lactuca. Enhanced cell proliferation and cell migration activities were observed in L929 cells treated with S. ilicifolium extract compared to U. lactuca extract treated cells and the control group. In-vivo experiments were conducted using five groups (10 in each) of Albino mice (BALB/c). Mice in group I and group II were treated (Orally, 100 mg/kg BW/day) with aqueous extracts of S. ilicifolium and U. lactuca, respectively for 14 days. Treatment group III received a topical application of the aqueous extract of S. ilicifolium (25% w/w) and ointment base (75% w/w) (2 g/kg BW/day, for 14 days). Group IV (Control) received an equal amount of distilled water, orally and mice in group V kept without wounds. The extract from S. ilicifolium showed stronger wound healing properties than the one from Ulva lactuca. Histopathological findings also revealed that the healing process was significantly enhanced in the mice group treated orally with S. ilicifolium aqueous extract. These findings show that S. ilicifolium species possess promising wound healing properties in-vitro and in-vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal D. Premarathna
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Narva mnt 29, 10120, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - S.K. Wijesekera
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Open University, Kandy Regional Center, Polgolla, Sri Lanka
| | - Anura P. Jayasooriya
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Roshitha N. Waduge
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - R.R.M.K.K. Wijesundara
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Rando Tuvikene
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Narva mnt 29, 10120, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - D.L. Harishchandra
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - T.H. Ranahewa
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - N.A.N.D. Perera
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Viskam Wijewardana
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna, Austria
| | - R.P.V.J. Rajapakse
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
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9
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Current developments in the oral drug delivery of fucoidan. Int J Pharm 2021; 598:120371. [PMID: 33581274 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fucoidan is well known to have various biological functions and is often investigated for pharmaceutical applications. Several studies have been conducted on clinical applications of fucoidan in recent years, especially regarding its oral drug delivery. Although fucoidan has shown promising results in various dosage forms, its potential applications as a dietary supplement have been demonstrated, and recent studies show that oral administration of fucoidan is preferred. However, the focus on the oral delivery of fucoidan in recent studies has caused its potency in therapy to be understudied. This review aims to provide results on the promising fucoidan activity by oral administration with in vivo studies. In addition to using it as an active ingredient, the utilization of fucoidan as an excipient in oral drug delivery systems will be discussed. An overview of fucoidan administration by oral delivery in recent promising studies will provide a direction for further investigations in clinical applications, particularly for fucoidan, which has a broad spectrum of bioactive properties.
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Chen YC, Cheng CY, Liu CT, Sue YM, Chen TH, Hsu YH, Huang NJ, Chen CH. Combined protective effects of oligo-fucoidan, fucoxanthin, and L-carnitine on the kidneys of chronic kidney disease mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 892:173708. [PMID: 33152336 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common global progressive disease, but there are no ideal drugs for the treatment. Fucoidan and fucoxanthin, and L-carnitine are one of the very few natural products that have a therapeutic effect on CKD in animal experiments. However, the combined effects of these compounds on CKD are unknown. We established a mouse CKD model by right nephrectomy with transient ischemic injury to the left kidney. Oligo-fucoidan and fucoidan were extracted from Laminaria japonica. We fed CKD mice with the two compounds and L-carnitine to evaluate the combined effects on CKD. Oligo-fucoidan and fucoidan inhibited renal fibrosis and reduced serum creatine in CKD mice to a greater extent than any single compound. L-carnitine had no measurable effect on renal fibrosis but promoted the protective effect of the mixture of oligo-fucoidan and fucoidan on renal function in CKD mice. In the two-month safety test, the combined mixture further improved renal function and did not elevate serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels in CKD mice. Furthermore, the weights of CKD mice treated with the combination increased to the normal level. We also found that all oligo-fucoidan, fucoxanthin, and L-carnitine inhibit H2O2-induced apoptosis and activated Akt in rat renal tubular cells. Our results confirm that oligo-fucoidan, fucoxanthin, and L-carnitine have a combined protective effect on the kidneys. The combined mixture may be beneficial for CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Cheng Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yi Cheng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Te Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Mou Sue
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tso-Hsiao Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ho Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Jen Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsien Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei, Taiwan.
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11
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Liu K, Li XY, Luo JP, Zha XQ. Bioactivities. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-0320-4_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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Besednova NN, Zaporozhets TS, Kuznetsova TA, Makarenkova ID, Kryzhanovsky SP, Fedyanina LN, Ermakova SP. Extracts and Marine Algae Polysaccharides in Therapy and Prevention of Inflammatory Diseases of the Intestine. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E289. [PMID: 32486405 PMCID: PMC7345783 DOI: 10.3390/md18060289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a serious public health problem worldwide. Current therapeutic strategies that use anti-inflammatory drugs, immunosuppressants, and biological treatments are often ineffective and have adverse health effects. In this regard, the use of natural compounds aimed at key pathogenic therapeutic targets in IBD attracts universal attention. Seaweed is a valuable source of structurally diverse biologically active compounds. The materials presented in the review indicate that seaweed extracts and polysaccharides are effective candidates for the development of drugs, biological food additives, and functional nutrition products for the treatment and prevention of IBD. The structural features of algal polysaccharides provide the possibility of exposure to therapeutic targets of IBD, including proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, nuclear factor NF-kB, intestinal epithelial cells, reactive oxygen and nitrogen. Further study of the relationship between the effect of polysaccharides from different types of algae, with different structure and molecular weights on immune and epithelial cells, intestinal microorganisms will contribute to a deeper understanding of their mechanisms and will help in the development of drugs, dietary supplements, functional foods for the treatment of patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalya N. Besednova
- Somov Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Vladivostok 690087, Russia; (N.N.B.); (T.A.K.); (I.D.M.)
| | - Tatyana S. Zaporozhets
- Somov Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Vladivostok 690087, Russia; (N.N.B.); (T.A.K.); (I.D.M.)
| | - Tatyana A. Kuznetsova
- Somov Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Vladivostok 690087, Russia; (N.N.B.); (T.A.K.); (I.D.M.)
| | - Ilona D. Makarenkova
- Somov Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Vladivostok 690087, Russia; (N.N.B.); (T.A.K.); (I.D.M.)
| | - Sergey P. Kryzhanovsky
- School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690087, Russia; (S.P.K.); (L.N.F.)
| | - Lydmila N. Fedyanina
- School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690087, Russia; (S.P.K.); (L.N.F.)
| | - Svetlana P. Ermakova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, FEB RAS, Vladivostok 690022, Russia;
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Tomori M, Nagamine T, Miyamoto T, Iha M. Evaluation of the Immunomodulatory Effects of Fucoidan Derived from Cladosiphon Okamuranus Tokida in Mice. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E547. [PMID: 31554251 PMCID: PMC6835671 DOI: 10.3390/md17100547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Okinawa mozuku (Cladosiphon okamuranus Tokida) is an edible seaweed classified as brown algae and is a native species of the Ryukyu Islands in Japan. In recent years, the genomic decoding of Okinawa mozuku has been completed. Previous studies on the anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antitumor properties of Okinawa mozuku have suggested that it affects the regulation of cellular and humoral immunity. The aim of the present study was to examine the immunoregulatory effect of fucoidan derived from Okinawa mozuku in mice. A product containing fucoidan (purity, 88.3%; molecular weight, 49.8 kDa) was developed from Okinawa mozuku and tested for its immunoregulatory effects in mice. The experimental animals were 8-week-old female BALB/c mice to which fucoidan (0, 102.5, 205.0, 410.0, and 1025.0 mg/kg) was administered orally continuously for six weeks. Immune cell proliferation, cytokine production, macrophage phagocytosis, and serum antibody concentration were measured. We found that immune cell proliferation, interleukin (IL)-2, macrophage phagocytes, and serum antibodies (IgM, -G, -A) increased significantly, but IL-4, -5, and IgE decreased significantly. These results indicated that fucoidan modulated cellular and humoral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Tomori
- South Product Co., Ltd., Uruma 904-2234, Japan.
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Takeaki Nagamine
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Takasaki University of Health Science, Takasaki 370-0036, Japan.
| | - Tomofumi Miyamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
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Wang Y, Xing M, Cao Q, Ji A, Liang H, Song S. Biological Activities of Fucoidan and the Factors Mediating Its Therapeutic Effects: A Review of Recent Studies. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E183. [PMID: 30897733 PMCID: PMC6471298 DOI: 10.3390/md17030183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The marine acid polysaccharide fucoidan has attracted attention from both the food and pharmaceutical industries due to its promising therapeutic effects. Fucoidan is a polysaccharide that mainly consists of L-fucose and sulphate groups. Its excellent biological function is attributed to its unique biological structure. Classical activities include antitumor, antioxidant, anticoagulant, antithrombotic, immunoregulatory, antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects. More recently, fucoidan has been shown to alleviate metabolic syndrome, protect the gastrointestinal tract, benefit angiogenesis and bone health. This review focuses on the progress in our understanding of the biological activities of fucoidan, highlighting its benefits for the treatment of human disease. We hope that this review can provide some theoretical basis and inspiration for the product development of fucoidan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Maochen Xing
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Qi Cao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Aiguo Ji
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Hao Liang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Shuliang Song
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China.
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Premarathna AD, Ranahewa T, Wijesekera S, Wijesundara R, Jayasooriya AP, Wijewardana V, Rajapakse R. Wound healing properties of aqueous extracts of Sargassum illicifolium: An in vitro assay. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wndm.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Bouissil S, Pierre G, Alaoui-Talibi ZE, Michaud P, El Modafar C, Delattre C. Applications of Algal Polysaccharides and Derivatives in Therapeutic and Agricultural Fields. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:1187-1199. [PMID: 31465279 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190425162729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, researchers have given more and more consideration to natural polysaccharides thanks to their huge properties such as stability, biodegradability and biocompatibility for food and therapeutics applications. METHODS a number of enzymatic and chemical processes were performed to generate bioactive molecules, such as low molecular weight fractions and oligosaccharides derivatives from algal polysaccharides. RESULTS These considerable characteristics allow algal polysaccharides and their derivatives such as low molecular weight polymers and oligosaccharides structures to have great potential to be used in lots of domains, such as pharmaceutics and agriculture etc. Conclusion: The present review describes the mains polysaccharides structures from Algae and focuses on the currents agricultural (fertilizer, bio-elicitor, stimulators, signaling molecules and activators) and pharmaceutical (wound dressing, tissues engineering and drugs delivery) applications by using polysaccharides and/or their oligosaccharides derivatives obtained by chemical, physical and enzymatic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina Bouissil
- Universite Cadi Ayyad, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Bioingenierie Moleculaire, Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, Marrakech, Morocco
- Universite Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Guillaume Pierre
- Universite Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Zainab El Alaoui-Talibi
- Universite Cadi Ayyad, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Bioingenierie Moleculaire, Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Philippe Michaud
- Universite Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - C El Modafar
- Universite Cadi Ayyad, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Bioingenierie Moleculaire, Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Cedric Delattre
- Universite Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Figueiredo F, Encarnação T, G. Campos M. Algae as Functional Foods for the Elderly. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/fns.2016.712107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Tian H, Yin X, Zeng Q, Zhu L, Chen J. Isolation, structure, and surfactant properties of polysaccharides from Ulva lactuca L. from South China Sea. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 79:577-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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19
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Bellmann S, Miyazaki K, Chonan O, Ishikawa F, Havenaar R. Fucoidan from Cladosiphon okamuranus Tokida Added to Food Has No Adverse Effect on Availability for Absorption of Divalent Minerals in the Dynamic Multicompartmental Model of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13228-014-0036-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Senthil KA, Murugan A. Antiulcer, wound healing and hepatoprotective activities of the seaweeds Gracilaria crassa, Turbinaria ornata and Laurencia papillosa from the southeast coast of India. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502013000400006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds have bioactive compounds of interest in the pharmaceutical industry. In India, seaweeds are used exclusively for phycocolloids production and have not yet received consideration as a dietary supplement. So, it has become imperative to explore the biomedical potential of seaweeds and promote their utilization as a functional food. The seaweeds Turbinaria ornata, Gracillaria crassa and Laurencia papillosa, collected from the Tuticorin coast of the Southeast coast of India and selected based on preliminary screening, were extracted with acetone and evaluated for antiulcer, wound healing and hepatoprotective activities. L. papillosa showed the highest level of gastric protection activity (81%) at 200 mg/kg, comparable to the standard drug ranitidine (90%). G. crassa followed with 76%. G. crassa and L. papillosa, showed marked wound-healing activity. G. crassa at 200 mg/kg, showed a marked effect on the serum marker enzymes indicating prominent hepatoprotective activity. The noteworthy wound-healing and hepato-protective properties of G. crassa besides anti-ulcer activity next to L. papillosa were indicative of its potential for further consideration.
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Wijesekara I, Pangestuti R, Kim SK. Biological activities and potential health benefits of sulfated polysaccharides derived from marine algae. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 652] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Kim SK, Karagozlu MZ. Marine algae: natural product source for gastrointestinal cancer treatment. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2011; 64:225-33. [PMID: 22054950 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-387669-0.00017-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Among marine organisms, marine algae are rich sources of structurally diverse bioactive compounds with various biological activities. In order to survive in a highly competitive environment, freshwater or marine algae have to develop defense strategies that result in a tremendous diversity of compounds from different metabolic pathways. Recently, their importance as a source of novel bioactive substances is growing rapidly and many reports have been published about isolated compounds from algae with biological activities. Many researchers reported anticancer activity of the compounds isolated from marine algae. Gastrointestinal tract cancer is one of the most frequent death causes of cancer in men and women. Especially stomach cancer and colon cancer are the second and third common cancer type in the world after lung cancer. Hence investigation of bioactive compounds against gastrointestinal cancer cells has recently become an important field for researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Kwon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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Kim SK, Li YX. Medicinal benefits of sulfated polysaccharides from sea vegetables. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2011; 64:391-402. [PMID: 22054963 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-387669-0.00030-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The cell walls of sea vegetables or marine algae are rich in sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) such as fucoidans in brown algae, carrageenans in red algae, and ulvans in green algae. These SPs exhibit various biological activities such as anticoagulant, antiviral, antioxidative, and anticancer activities with potential health benefits. Therefore, SPs derived from sea vegetables have great potential in further development as nutraceuticals and medicinal foods. This chapter presents an overview of biological activities and potential medicinal benefits of SPs derived from sea vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Kwon Kim
- Marine Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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Raghavendran HRB, Srinivasan P, Rekha S. Immunomodulatory activity of fucoidan against aspirin-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2010; 11:157-63. [PMID: 21084063 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2010.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2010] [Revised: 10/10/2010] [Accepted: 11/01/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Gastric ulcers and related complications associated with the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as aspirin, represent a major global health problem. In the present study, we investigate the immunological activity of fucoidan against aspirin-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats. Thirty-six rats were randomly divided into the following, normal (Carboxy methyl cellulose 0.05 %), aspirin (Asp-400mg/kg) treated, fucoidan alone (Fu-0.02 g/kg, daily for 14 days) and Fu+Asp. Cytokines, total nitrite and nitrate (NOx) analysis and tissue localization of Cyclooxygenase 1, 2 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were done using Elisa and immunohistochemistry respectively. Histopathology of gastric tissue, collagen deposition was performed using Hematoxylin and Eosin and Masson's trichrome were performed. Treatment of rats with a single dose of aspirin (400mg/kg, orally) led to significant alterations in the levels of total nitrite and nitrate (NOx), interleukins (IL-4, 6, 10, 12), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and interferon gamma (IFN-γ). Notably, collagen deposition in glandular tissue and localization of cyclooxygenase 1, 2, and epidermal growth factor were considerably affected in aspirin-treated rats. These severities were prevented to a significant extent in rats pretreated with fucoidan (0.02 g/kg/day for two weeks orally). Our findings collectively indicate that the gastro-protective effect of fucoidan against aspirin-induced ulceration in rats is mediated through its immunomodulatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanumantha Rao Balaji Raghavendran
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, 22-5 Daeheung-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Development of a fucoidan-specific antibody and measurement of fucoidan in serum and urine by sandwich ELISA. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2010; 74:350-7. [PMID: 20139614 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.90705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Fucoidan exhibits various biological properties. We raised a novel antibody against fucoidan extracted from Cladosiphon okamuranus and developed a sandwich ELISA method to measure fucoidan. The fucoidan antibody was specific and did not cross-react with other polysulfated polysaccharides. Fucoidan recovery from serum and urine by ELISA was 86-113%. Intra- and inter-assay CVs were 1.5-13.4%. Assay linearity was maintained after 3-fold dilution of each sample with phosphate-buffer saline (PBS). In the serum and urine of healthy volunteers (n=10), fucoidan was not detected before administration, and the levels markedly increased 6 and 9 h after oral administration. The molecular weight of the serum fucoidan determined by HPLC gel filtration remained unchanged, whereas that of urine fucoidan was significantly reduced. This is the first ELISA method of measuring serum and urine fucoidan levels after oral administration. The method is simple, reliable, and practical for the analysis of samples, especially urine samples.
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Effect of fucoidan on aspirin-induced stomach ulceration in rats. Chem Biol Interact 2010; 183:249-54. [PMID: 19788892 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2009.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2009] [Revised: 09/21/2009] [Accepted: 09/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of fucoidan on aspirin-induced ulcers in rats were evaluated: both biochemical and immunological parameters were taken into consideration. The status of stomach tissue glycogen storage and histological changes were also examined. Examination of basic biochemical parameters showed significant (p<0.01) alterations in aspartate (AST) and alanine (ALT) transaminases in ulcer-induced rats. Also, moderate alterations (p<0.05) were observed in the levels of cholesterol and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Histopathological examination showed neutrophil infiltration and inflammation in oxyntic cells with altered glycogen storage. Analysis of serum cytokines of aspirin-induced rats showed a moderate decrease in interleukin-10 (IL-10) with considerable increase of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interferon-gamma (INF-gamma) when compared with control. Administration of fucoidan showed considerable (p<0.05) protection against ulceration by inhibiting the acute alterations of AST, ALT, cytokines and stomach glycogen. However, aggravated serum INF-gamma was observed in the fucoidan-pretreated group. These findings suggest that the anti-ulcer property of fucoidan might contribute in protecting the inflammatory cytokine-mediated oxidative damage to gastric mucosa.
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Soltanian S, Stuyven E, Cox E, Sorgeloos P, Bossier P. Beta-glucans as immunostimulant in vertebrates and invertebrates. Crit Rev Microbiol 2009; 35:109-38. [DOI: 10.1080/10408410902753746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ashok T, Naidu KV, Rajesh V, Chandra Mohan E, Rao YM. Development of Biopolymer Based Matrix Type Multiple Unit Systems for Sustained Release of Diclofenac Sodium:In vitroandIn vivoEvaluation. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10601320701842308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Rioux LE, Turgeon S, Beaulieu M. Characterization of polysaccharides extracted from brown seaweeds. Carbohydr Polym 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2007.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 365] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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KAWAMOTO H, MIKI Y, KIMURA T, TANAKA K, NAKAGAWA T, KAWAMUKAI M, MATSUDA H. Effects of Fucoidan from Mozuku on Human Stomach Cell Lines. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2006. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.12.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Raghavendran HRB, Sathivel A, Devaki T. Effect of Sargassum polycystum (Phaeophyceae)-sulphated polysaccharide extract against acetaminophen-induced hyperlipidemia during toxic hepatitis in experimental rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2005; 276:89-96. [PMID: 16132689 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-005-3194-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2005] [Accepted: 03/04/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The effect of Sargassum polycystum crude extract on lipid metabolism was examined against acetaminophen-induced (800 mg/kg body wt., intraperitoneally) hyperlipidemia during toxic hepatitis in experimental rats. The animals intoxicated with acetaminophen showed significant elevation in the levels of cholesterol, triglycerides and free fatty acid in both serum and liver tissue. The levels of tissue total lipids and serum LDL-cholesterol were also elevated with depleted levels of serum HDL-cholesterol and tissue phospholipid. The acetaminophen-induced animals showed significant alterations in the activities of lipid metabolizing enzymes serum lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) and hepatic triglyceride lipase (HTGL). The levels of liver tissue fatty acids (saturated, mono and polyunsaturated) such as palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid and linolenic acid monitored by gas chromatography were considerably altered in acetaminophen intoxicated animals when compared with control animals. The prior oral administration of Sargassum polycystum (200 mg/kg body wt./day for a period of 15 days) crude extract showed considerable prevention in the severe disturbances of lipid profile and metabolizing enzymes triggered by acetaminophen during hepatic injury. Liver histology also showed convincing supportive evidence regarding their protective nature against fatty changes induced during acetaminophen intoxication. Thus the present study indicates that the protective nature of Sargassum polycystum extract may be due to the presence of active compounds possessing antilipemic property against acetaminophen challenge.
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Healing and Preventive Effects of Calcium Alginate on Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Liver Injury in Rats. Mar Drugs 2004. [DOI: 10.3390/md203108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Raghavendran HRB, Sathivel A, Devaki T. Efficacy of brown seaweed hot water extract against HCl-ethanol induced gastric mucosal injury in rats. Arch Pharm Res 2004; 27:449-53. [PMID: 15180312 DOI: 10.1007/bf02980088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Effect of pre-treatment with hot water extract of marine brown alga Sargassum polycystum C.Ag. (100 mg/kg body wt, orally for period of 15 days) on HCl-ethanol (150 mM of HCl-ethanol mixture containing 0.15 N HCl in 70% v/v ethanol given orally) induced gastric mucosal injury in rats was examined with respect to lipid peroxides, antioxidant enzyme status, acid/pepsin and glycoproteins in the gastric mucosa. The levels of lipid peroxides of gastric mucosa and volume, acidity of the gastric juice were increased with decreased levels of antioxidant enzymes and glycoproteins were observed in HCl-ethanol induced rats. The rats pre-treated with seaweed extract prior to HCl-ethanol induction reversed the depleted levels of antioxidant enzymes and reduced the elevated levels of lipid peroxides when compared with HCl-ethanol induced rats. The levels of glycoproteins and alterations in the gastric juice were also maintained at near normal levels in rats pre-treated with seaweed extract. The rats given seaweed extract alone did not show any toxicity, which was confirmed by histopathological studies. These results suggest that the seaweed extract contains some anti-ulcer agents, which may maintain the volume/acidity of gastric juice and improve the gastric mucosa antioxidant defense system against HCl-ethanol induced gastric mucosal injury in rats.
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