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Kim D, Allen CA, Chung D, Meng L, Zhang X, Zhang W, Ouyang Y, Li Z, Hong F. A novel TLR4 accessory molecule drives hepatic oncogenesis through tumor-associated macrophages. Cancer Lett 2025; 614:217543. [PMID: 39929433 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2025.217543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2024] [Revised: 01/28/2025] [Accepted: 02/07/2025] [Indexed: 02/17/2025]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a crucial role in the tumor microenvironment, yet the roles and mechanisms of TAMs in inflammation-associated oncogenesis remain enigmatic. We report that protein canopy homolog 2 (CNPY2) functions as a novel TLR4 regulator, promoting cytokine production in macrophages. CNPY2 binds directly to TLR4. Cnpy2 deficiency reduces cell surface expression of TLR4, nuclear translocation of NFκB and cytokine production in macrophages. Macrophage-specific CNPY2 deficiency significantly decreases cytokine production in macrophages and reduces hepatocarcinogenesis in a diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced liver cancer model. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed Cnpy2 knockout decreased the mRNA level and cell surface expression of two VEGF receptors, Flt1 and Kdr, compared to those in WT counterparts, resulting in inhibition of macrophage tumor infiltration. Cnpy2 knockout inhibits NFκB2/p52-mediated transcription of Flt1 and Kdr in macrophages. These findings demonstrate that CNPY2 regulates macrophages in both inflammation and hepatocarcinogenesis and may serve as a therapeutic target for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doyeon Kim
- Pelotonia Institute for Immune-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 410 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 410 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Carter A Allen
- Pelotonia Institute for Immune-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 410 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 410 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Dongjun Chung
- Pelotonia Institute for Immune-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 410 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 410 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Lingbin Meng
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 410 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Biostatistics Core, College of Nursing, College of Public Health, University of South Florida Health, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd.Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- Pelotonia Institute for Immune-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 410 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 410 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Yuli Ouyang
- Pelotonia Institute for Immune-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 410 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 410 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Zihai Li
- Pelotonia Institute for Immune-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 410 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 410 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Feng Hong
- Pelotonia Institute for Immune-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 410 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 410 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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Jiang X, Chen J, Ding S, Yin J, Gu J, Fang X. The expression of canopy FGF signaling regulator 2 serves as a diagnostic and prognostic indicator for NSCLC. Clin Biochem 2025; 136:110895. [PMID: 39938731 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2025.110895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2025] [Accepted: 02/09/2025] [Indexed: 02/14/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer. The identification of new biomarkers is crucial for enhancing early detection and treatment outcomes. This study explores the role of Canopy FGF Signaling Regulator 2 (CNPY2) in NSCLC progression and its potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. METHODS CNPY2 expression was analyzed in 228 NSCLC tumor samples and adjacent normal tissues using quantitative RT-PCR and ELISA. Serum CNPY2 levels were also measured in 160 healthy controls and NSCLC patients. The relationship between CNPY2 expression and clinicopathological features, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, was assessed. Receiver operator curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic potential of serum CNPY2, while Kaplan-Meier survival analysis assessed its prognostic significance. RESULTS CNPY2 levels were significantly elevated in NSCLC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. Higher CNPY2 expression was associated with larger tumor size, advanced T stage, and higher N stage. Furthermore, CNPY2 expression was positively correlated with Vimentin and N-cadherin, and negatively correlated with E-cadherin. Elevated serum CNPY2 levels in NSCLC patients demonstrated moderate diagnostic accuracy, with an area under the curve of 0.78. High CNPY2 expression was also linked to reduced overall survival (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS CNPY2 is markedly overexpressed in NSCLC and is associated with increased tumor aggressiveness and EMT. Serum CNPY2 shows promise as a non-invasive biomarker for NSCLC diagnosis, and elevated expression is correlated with a poorer prognosis. Thus, CNPY2 may serve as both a valuable biomarker and a potential therapeutic target in NSCLC.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/blood
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/mortality
- Female
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/blood
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/mortality
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Prognosis
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
- Aged
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/blood
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adult
- ROC Curve
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jiang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Shanghai Yangpu District Shidong Hospital, No. 999 Shiguang Road, Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Ultrasonography, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Qingyang Road, Wuxi 214023 China
| | - Shujun Ding
- Department of Ultrasonography, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Qingyang Road, Wuxi 214023 China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Ultrasonography, Shanghai Yangpu District Shidong Hospital, No. 999 Shiguang Road, Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Jiying Gu
- Department of Ultrasonography, Shanghai Yangpu District Shidong Hospital, No. 999 Shiguang Road, Shanghai 200438 China.
| | - Xiangming Fang
- Department of Radiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Qingyang Road, Wuxi 214023 China.
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Gao XQ, Li HL, Wang M, Yang CT, Su R, Shao LH. Kaempferol inhibited invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells by targeting AKT/GSK3β pathway based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2025; 27:421-441. [PMID: 39132822 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2024.2387756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the mechanisms of the inhibitory effect of kaempferol on the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer (GC) cells through network pharmacology prediction and experimental verification. It identifies core targets via PPI network analysis and finds that kaempferol binds to these targets well. In vitro experiments showed that kaempferol could inhibit the proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion of GC cells. Western blotting indicated kaempferol may reduce AKT and GSK3β phosphorylation, leading to lower expression of invasion-related genes SRC, MMP9, CXCR4, KDR, and MMP2. Overall, kaempferol may prevent migration and invasion of GC cells via the AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia-Qing Gao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Gansu Provincial Prescription Mining and Innovative Translational Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hai-Long Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, China
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chun-Ting Yang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine New Product Creation Engineering Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Rong Su
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Li-Hua Shao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Mullick Chowdhury S, Hong F, Rolfo C, Li Z, He K, Wesolowski R, Mortazavi A, Meng L. CNPY2 in Solid Tumors: Mechanisms, Biomarker Potential, and Therapeutic Implications. BIOLOGY 2025; 14:214. [PMID: 40001982 PMCID: PMC11851889 DOI: 10.3390/biology14020214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2025] [Revised: 02/10/2025] [Accepted: 02/16/2025] [Indexed: 02/27/2025]
Abstract
Canopy FGF signaling regulator 2 (CNPY2) has emerged as a crucial player in cancer development by promoting cell proliferation, tissue repair, and angiogenesis. This review synthesizes the current understanding of CNPY2's role in solid tumors, particularly renal cell carcinoma, prostate cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and non-small-cell lung cancer. CNPY2 modulates key pathways such as p53, MYLIP, NF-κB, and AKT/GSK3β, thereby driving tumor growth and progression. In renal cell carcinoma, CNPY2 paradoxically promotes tumor growth through p53 upregulation, while in hepatocellular carcinoma, CNPY2 drives cell cycle progression via p53 destabilization. In prostate cancer, it enhances tumor progression by stabilizing androgen receptors through MYLIP interaction, and in non-small-cell lung cancer, it contributes to chemoresistance and metastasis through NF-κB and AKT/GSK3β signaling. Additionally, CNPY2 influences the tumor microenvironment, impacting immune function and metastatic potential. As a potential biomarker, CNPY2 shows promise for cancer detection and prognosis, particularly when used in combination with other markers. Early therapeutic strategies, including siRNA and miRNA approaches, are under exploration, though challenges remain due to CNPY2's expression in normal tissues and potential off-target effects. This review underscores the need for further research to fully elucidate CNPY2's oncogenic mechanisms and develop targeted therapies. Improved understanding of CNPY2's diverse roles may lead to novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayan Mullick Chowdhury
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.C.); (F.H.); (C.R.); (Z.L.); (K.H.); (R.W.); (A.M.)
| | - Feng Hong
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.C.); (F.H.); (C.R.); (Z.L.); (K.H.); (R.W.); (A.M.)
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Christian Rolfo
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.C.); (F.H.); (C.R.); (Z.L.); (K.H.); (R.W.); (A.M.)
| | - Zihai Li
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.C.); (F.H.); (C.R.); (Z.L.); (K.H.); (R.W.); (A.M.)
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kai He
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.C.); (F.H.); (C.R.); (Z.L.); (K.H.); (R.W.); (A.M.)
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Robert Wesolowski
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.C.); (F.H.); (C.R.); (Z.L.); (K.H.); (R.W.); (A.M.)
| | - Amir Mortazavi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.C.); (F.H.); (C.R.); (Z.L.); (K.H.); (R.W.); (A.M.)
| | - Lingbin Meng
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.C.); (F.H.); (C.R.); (Z.L.); (K.H.); (R.W.); (A.M.)
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5
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Li X, Yin MY, Zhang ST, Xie SA. The role of canopy family proteins: biological mechanism and disease function. Mol Biol Rep 2025; 52:164. [PMID: 39869231 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-025-10269-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2025] [Indexed: 01/28/2025]
Abstract
Canopy family proteins are highly sequence-conserved proteins with an N-terminal hydrophobic signal sequence, a unique pattern of six cysteine residues characteristic of the saposin-like proteins, and a C-terminal putative endoplasmic reticulum retention signal sequence. At present, the known canopy family proteins are canopy fibroblast growth factor signaling regulator 1 (CNPY1), CNPY2, CNPY3, and CNPY4. Despite similar structures, canopy family proteins regulate complex signal networks to participate in various biological processes. They are involved in a wide range of diseases, including angiogenesis, abnormal immune responses, neurodevelopmental disorders, and the development of tumors. Here, we summarized the biological processes and influence on the disease of every CNPY family protein to elucidate potential biomarkers and point out the direction for future in-depth research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95, Yong An Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Min-Yue Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95, Yong An Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shu-Tian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95, Yong An Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Health, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Si-An Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95, Yong An Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Health, Beijing, 100050, China.
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6
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Zhang Y, Gao S, Mao J, Song Y, Wang X, Jiang J, Lv L, Zhou Z, Wang J. The Inhibitory Effect and Mechanism of the Histidine-Rich Peptide rAj-HRP from Apostichopus japonicus on Human Colon Cancer HCT116 Cells. Molecules 2024; 29:5214. [PMID: 39519855 PMCID: PMC11548021 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29215214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2024] [Revised: 10/16/2024] [Accepted: 10/30/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is a common and lethal malignancy, ranking second in global cancer-related mortality, highlighting the urgent need for novel targeted therapies. The sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) is a marine organism known for its medicinal properties. After conducting a bioinformatics analysis of the cDNA library of Apostichopus japonicus, we found and cloned a cDNA sequence encoding histidine-rich peptides, and the recombinant peptide was named rAj-HRP. Human histidine-rich peptides are known for their anti-cancer properties, raising questions as to whether rAj-HRP might exhibit similar effects. To investigate whether rAj-HRP can inhibit colon cancer, we used human colon cancer HCT116 cells as a model and studied the tumor suppressive activity in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that rAj-HRP inhibited HCT116 cell proliferation, migration, and adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in vitro. It also disrupted the cytoskeleton and induced apoptosis in these cells. In vivo, rAj-HRP significantly inhibited the growth of HCT116 tumors in BALB/c mice, reducing tumor volume and weight without affecting the body weight of the tumor-bearing mice. Western blot analysis showed that rAj-HRP inhibited HCT116 cell proliferation and induced apoptosis by upregulating BAX and promoting PARP zymogen degradation. Additionally, rAj-HRP inhibited HCT116 cell adhesion and migration by reducing MMP2 levels. Further research showed that rAj-HRP downregulated EGFR expression in HCT116 cells and inhibited key downstream molecules, including AKT, P-AKT, PLCγ, P38 MAPK, and c-Jun. In conclusion, rAj-HRP exhibits significant inhibitory effects on HCT116 cells in both in vitro and in vivo, primarily through the EGFR and apoptosis pathways. These findings suggest that rAj-HRP has the potential as a novel targeted therapy for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuebin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; (Y.Z.); (J.M.); (Y.S.)
| | - Shan Gao
- Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian 116023, China; (S.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Jiaming Mao
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; (Y.Z.); (J.M.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yuyao Song
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; (Y.Z.); (J.M.); (Y.S.)
| | - Xueting Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (X.W.); (L.L.)
| | - Jingwei Jiang
- Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian 116023, China; (S.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Li Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (X.W.); (L.L.)
| | - Zunchun Zhou
- Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian 116023, China; (S.G.); (J.J.)
| | - Jihong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; (Y.Z.); (J.M.); (Y.S.)
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Chang H, Sun W, Zhao Y, Sun T, Zhao Z. Targeting Pokemon is a novel strategy to suppress cancer aggressiveness of non-small cell lung cancer: Identification of Pokemon as ideal target for developing anti-NSCLC drugs. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 742:109637. [PMID: 37182800 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Although it is widely reported that Pokemon acts as an oncogene in the pathogenesis of multiple cancers, but its role and detailed molecular mechanisms in regulating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression have not been fully delineated. Here, by performing Real-Time qPCR analysis, we verified that Pokemon was high-expressed in NSCLC tissues and cells, compared to the corresponding normal lung tissues and epithelial cells. Then, the small interfering RNA (siRNA) for Pokemon was transfected into the NSCLC cells to verify its biological functions, and our results suggested that silencing of Pokemon suppressed the malignant phenotypes, including cell viability, mitosis, colony formation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), mobility and cancer stem cell (CSC) properties in NSCLC cells. Mechanistically, we confirmed that knockdown of Pokemon decreased the expression levels of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), phosphorylated GSK-3β (p-GSK-3β) and Snail to inactivate the oncogenic Akt/GSK-3β/Snail signal pathway, and deletion of Snail also had similar effects to hamper the development of NSCLC. Next, our rescuing experiments validated that Pokemon ablation-induced suppressing effects on NSCLC cell malignancy were all abrogated by overexpressing Snail. Finally, the in vivo experiments confirmed that silencing of Pokemon downregulated Snail to hamper tumorigenesis of NSCLC cells in xenograft tumor-bearing mice models. Taken together, we firstly uncovered the underlying mechanisms by which the Pokemon/Akt/GSK-3β/Snail signal pathway contributed to the development of NSCLC, and this signal pathway could be potentially used as therapeutic targets for the development of personalized anti-NSCLC drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street No. 23, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Wenxue Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yiming Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street No. 23, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Tianhao Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street No. 23, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Zhihong Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street No. 23, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
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8
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Lo M, Sharir A, Paul MD, Torosyan H, Agnew C, Li A, Neben C, Marangoni P, Xu L, Raleigh DR, Jura N, Klein OD. CNPY4 inhibits the Hedgehog pathway by modulating membrane sterol lipids. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2407. [PMID: 35504891 PMCID: PMC9065090 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30186-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hedgehog (HH) pathway is critical for development and adult tissue homeostasis. Aberrant HH signaling can lead to congenital malformations and diseases including cancer. Although cholesterol and several oxysterol lipids have been shown to play crucial roles in HH activation, the molecular mechanisms governing their regulation remain unresolved. Here, we identify Canopy4 (CNPY4), a Saposin-like protein, as a regulator of the HH pathway that modulates levels of membrane sterol lipids. Cnpy4-/- embryos exhibit multiple defects consistent with HH signaling perturbations, most notably changes in digit number. Knockdown of Cnpy4 hyperactivates the HH pathway in vitro and elevates membrane levels of accessible sterol lipids, such as cholesterol, an endogenous ligand involved in HH activation. Our data demonstrate that CNPY4 is a negative regulator that fine-tunes HH signal transduction, revealing a previously undescribed facet of HH pathway regulation that operates through control of membrane composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Lo
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Amnon Sharir
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- The Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michael D Paul
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hayarpi Torosyan
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Christopher Agnew
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Amy Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Cynthia Neben
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Pauline Marangoni
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Libin Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David R Raleigh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Natalia Jura
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
| | - Ophir D Klein
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics and Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Wang H, Zhou H, Ni H, Shen X. COL11A1-Driven Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Stemness of Pancreatic Cancer Cells Induce Cell Migration and Invasion by Modulating the AKT/GSK-3β/Snail Pathway. Biomolecules 2022; 12:391. [PMID: 35327583 PMCID: PMC8945532 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Collagen type XI α1 (COL11A1) is associated with tumorigenesis and development in many human malignancies. Previous reports indicate that COL11A1 may be a significant diagnostic marker for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC); however, its biological role in PDAC progression remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the influence of COL11A1 on the invasion and migration abilities of pancreatic cancer cells and explored its potential molecular mechanisms. METHODS Cell migration and invasion were assessed using Transwell assays in pancreatic cancer cells transfected with siCOL11A1 and pCNV3-COL11A1 plasmids. The protein and mRNA expression levels of N-cadherin, E-cadherin, Vimentin, cluster of differentiation (CD)-24, CD44, serine-threonine kinase (AKT), glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β, phospho (p)-AKTSer473, p-GSK-3βSer9, and Snail were analyzed using Western blotting and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The effect of COL11A1 on cell stemness was tested using flow cytometry and clone formation assays. RESULTS These results demonstrated that COL11A1 significantly promoted the invasion and migration abilities of PDAC cells. Furthermore, COL11A1 facilitated the occurrence of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell stemness by upregulating the expression levels of p-AKTSer473, p-GSK-3βSer9, and Snail. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the activation of the AKT/GSK-3β/Snail signaling pathway induced by COL11A1 plays a major role in the progression of PDAC. Therefore, COL11A1 could serve as a potential target for PDAC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Drug Synthesis Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Medical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin 300020, China;
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (H.Z.); (H.N.)
| | - Huichao Zhou
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (H.Z.); (H.N.)
| | - Hong Ni
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (H.Z.); (H.N.)
| | - Xiaohong Shen
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (H.Z.); (H.N.)
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10
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Liu R, Yang X. LncRNA LINC00342 promotes gastric cancer progression by targeting the miR-545-5p/CNPY2 axis. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:1163. [PMID: 34715819 PMCID: PMC8556989 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08829-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore the role and underlying molecular mechanisms of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00342 in gastric cancer (GC). Methods The expression of LINC00342 in GC tissues was evaluated by Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Silencing of LINC00342 was conducted to investigate the effect of LINC00342 in vitro and in vivo. The underlying molecular mechanisms of LINC00342 were determined by dual luciferase reporter assay, Western blotting analysis and rescue experiments. Biological functions of LINC00342 were evaluated by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colony formation assay, wound healing assay and Transwell assays. In addition, a tumor model was used to verify the effect of LINC00342 in tumorigenesis in vivo. Results LINC00342 was significantly upregulated in GC tissues and cell lines. Silencing of LINC00342 efficiently inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of AGS cells in vitro, and also suppressed the tumorigenesis of GC in vivo. Functional experiments showed that LINC00342 regulated the expression of canopy fibroblast growth factor signaling regulator 2 (CNPY2) by competitively sponging miR-545-5p. Rescue experiments showed that inhibition of miR-545-5p and overexpression of CNPY2 significantly reversed cell phenotypes caused by silencing of LINC00342. Conclusion LINC00342 plays a potential oncogenic role in GC by targeting the miR545-5p/CNPY2 axis, and might act as a novel therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, 365 Jianhuanan street, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Xianwu Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, 365 Jianhuanan street, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China.
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11
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Gao K, Wang T, Qiao Y, Cui B. MicroRNA-30e-3p inhibits glioma development and promotes drug sensitivity to temozolomide treatment via targeting canopy FGF signaling regulator 2. Cell Cycle 2021; 20:2361-2371. [PMID: 34657557 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.1974789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is one of the most aggressive malignancies in the central nervous system and the prognosis of glioma patients remains poor. In this study, we investigated the function of microRNA-30e-3p (miR-30e-3p) in glioma development and its regulatory role in drug-resistance to temozolomide (TMZ). We found that miR-30e-3p was downregulated in glioma tissues and cell lines. Ectopic expression of miR-30e-3p inhibited the growth of glioma cells and arrested cell cycle at G0/G1 phase. Canopy FGF signaling regulator 2 (CNPY2) was predicted as a direct target of miR-30e-3p by bioinformatics analysis. Luciferase reporter assay confirmed the interaction between miR-30e-3p and CNPY2. We also demonstrated that miR-30e-3p suppressed glioma xenograft tumor development invivo and the inhibition was abolished by CNPY2 overexpression. In addition, we showed that overexpression of miR-30e-3p enhanced the sensitivity of glioma cell to TMZ treatment. Glioma cells with miR-30e-3p overexpression had decreased cell proliferation and enhanced cell apoptosis upon TMZ treatment. Moreover, we revealed that miR-30e-3p modulated TMZ sensitivity of glioma cells via negatively regulating CNPY2. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that miR-30e-3p plays a critical role in glioma development and drug sensitivity to TMZ treatment via negatively regulating CNPY2 expression. The study suggests that miR-30e-3p/CNPY2 could be developed as a novel target to improve the glioma therapy.Abbreviations: miR-30e-3p, microRNA-30e-3p; TMZ, temozolomide; CNPY2, canopy FGF signaling regulator 2; 3'-UTR, 3' untranslated region; NC, negative control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
| | - Tuo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
| | - Yuan Qiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Bo Cui
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
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12
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Wang K, Li Y, Wang J, Chen R, Li J. A novel 12-gene signature as independent prognostic model in stage IA and IB lung squamous cell carcinoma patients. Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 23:2368-2381. [PMID: 34028782 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02638-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is currently no formal consensus on the administration of adjuvant chemotherapy to stage I lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) patients despite the poor prognosis. The side effects of adjuvant chemotherapy need to be balanced against the risk of tumour recurrence. Prognostic markers are thus needed to identify those at higher risks and recommend individualised treatment regimens. METHODS Clinical and sequencing data of stage I patients were retrieved from the Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma project of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and three tissue microarray datasets. In a novel K-resample gene selection algorithm, gene-wise Cox proportional hazard regressions were repeated for 50 iterations with random resamples from the TCGA training dataset. The top 200 genes with the best predictive power for survival were chosen to undergo an L1-penalised Cox regression for further gene selection. RESULTS A total of 602 samples of LUSC were included, of which 42.2% came from female patients, 45.3% were stage IA cancer. From an initial pool of 11,212 genes in the TCGA training dataset, a final set of 12 genes were selected to construct the multivariate Cox prognostic model. Among the 12 selected genes, 5 genes, STAU1, ADGRF1, ATF7IP2, MALL and KRT23, were adverse prognostic factors for patients, while seven genes, NDUFB1, CNPY2, ZNF394, PIN4, FZD8, NBPF26 and EPYC, were positive prognostic factors. An equation for risk score was thus constructed from the final multivariate Cox model. The model performance was tested in the sequestered TCGA testing dataset and validated in external tissue microarray datasets (GSE4573, GSE31210 and GSE50081), demonstrating its efficacy in stratifying patients into high- and low-risk groups with significant survival difference both in the whole set (including stage IA and IB) and in the stage IA only subgroup of each set. The prognostic power remains significant after adjusting for standard clinical factors. When benchmarked against other prominent gene-signature based prognostic models, the model outperformed the rest in the TCGA testing dataset and in predicting long-term risk at eight years in all three validation datasets. CONCLUSION The 12-gene prognostic model may serve as a useful complementary clinical risk-stratification tool for stage I and especially stage IA lung squamous cell carcinoma patients to guide clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,School of Medicine, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Y Li
- School of Medicine, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - J Wang
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Rd., Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - R Chen
- Respiratory Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China.
| | - J Li
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Rd., Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
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13
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Tian T, Dong Y, Zhu Y, Chen Y, Li X, Kuang Q, Liu X, Li P, Li J, Zhou L. Hypoxia-induced CNPY2 upregulation promotes glycolysis in cervical cancer through activation of AKT pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 551:63-70. [PMID: 33721832 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.02.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the function and mechanism of the protein-coding gene CNPY2 in the glycolysis of cervical cancer cells. Cells were exposed to normoxia and hypoxia conditions. Knockdown and ectopic overexpression of CNPY2 were achieved by transfection of small interfering RNA (siRNA) specific to CNPY2 or CNPY2 overexpression vectors, respectively. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot were used to evaluate CNPY2 expression in patient specimens and different cervical cancer cell lines under normoxia or hypoxia conditions. Cell viability was assessed by MTT and colony formation assays. Glucose consumption, lactate production, oxygen consumption and ATP production were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay were performed to detect interaction between hypoxia-induced factor 1α (HIF-1α) on CNPY2 promoter. CNPY2 upregulation was a characteristic of cervical cancer and correlated with poor prognosis. Knockdown and overexpression of CNPY2 inhibited and promoted proliferation glucose consumption, lactate production, oxygen consumption and ATP production in cervical cancer cells, respectively. CNPY2 was transcriptionally regulated by HIF-1α. The hypoxia-induced "Warburg effect" in cervical cancer cells was at least partially dependent on the CNPY2/AKT signaling pathway. Hypoxia-induced CNPY2 promoted glycolysis in cervical cancer cells by activating the AKT pathway. CNPY2 may serve as a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for cervical cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Tian
- Department of Gynecology, Dongguan Southeast Central Hospital, No.113 Jiaoping Avenue, Tangxia Town, Dongguan, 523000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Dong
- Department of Medical Imaging, Dongguan Southeast Central Hospital, No.113 Jiaoping Avenue, Tangxia Town, Dongguan, 523000, Guangdong, China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Yanqun Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Dongguan Southeast Central Hospital, No.113 Jiaoping Avenue, Tangxia Town, Dongguan, 523000, Guangdong, China
| | - Xingchan Li
- Department of Gynecology, Dongguan Southeast Central Hospital, No.113 Jiaoping Avenue, Tangxia Town, Dongguan, 523000, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingju Kuang
- Department of Gynecology, Dongguan Southeast Central Hospital, No.113 Jiaoping Avenue, Tangxia Town, Dongguan, 523000, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Dongguan Southeast Central Hospital, No.113 Jiaoping Avenue, Tangxia Town, Dongguan, 523000, Guangdong, China
| | - Peifeng Li
- Department of Gynecology, Dongguan Southeast Central Hospital, No.113 Jiaoping Avenue, Tangxia Town, Dongguan, 523000, Guangdong, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Gynecology, Dongguan Southeast Central Hospital, No.113 Jiaoping Avenue, Tangxia Town, Dongguan, 523000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ling Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, Dongguan Southeast Central Hospital, No.113 Jiaoping Avenue, Tangxia Town, Dongguan, 523000, Guangdong, China.
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14
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Feng YL, Chen DQ, Vaziri ND, Guo Y, Zhao YY. Small molecule inhibitors of epithelial-mesenchymal transition for the treatment of cancer and fibrosis. Med Res Rev 2020; 40:54-78. [PMID: 31131921 DOI: 10.1002/med.21596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tissue fibrosis and cancer both lead to high morbidity and mortality worldwide; thus, effective therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Because drug resistance has been widely reported in fibrotic tissue and cancer, developing a strategy to discover novel targets for targeted drug intervention is necessary for the effective treatment of fibrosis and cancer. Although many factors lead to fibrosis and cancer, pathophysiological analysis has demonstrated that tissue fibrosis and cancer share a common process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT is associated with many mediators, including transcription factors (Snail, zinc-finger E-box-binding protein and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3), signaling pathways (transforming growth factor-β1, RAC-α serine/threonine-protein kinase, Wnt, nuclear factor-kappa B, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, Notch, and RAS), RNA-binding proteins (ESRP1 and ESRP2) and microRNAs. Therefore, drugs targeting EMT may be a promising therapy against both fibrosis and tumors. A large number of compounds that are synthesized or derived from natural products and their derivatives suppress the EMT by targeting these mediators in fibrosis and cancer. By targeting EMT, these compounds exhibited anticancer effects in multiple cancer types, and some of them also showed antifibrotic effects. Therefore, drugs targeting EMT not only have both antifibrotic and anticancer effects but also exert effective therapeutic effects on multiorgan fibrosis and cancer, which provides effective therapy against fibrosis and cancer. Taken together, the results highlighted in this review provide new concepts for discovering new antifibrotic and antitumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Long Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan-Qian Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Nosratola D Vaziri
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Yan Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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15
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Yuan L, Zhou M, Huang D, Wasan HS, Zhang K, Sun L, Huang H, Ma S, Shen M, Ruan S. Resveratrol inhibits the invasion and metastasis of colon cancer through reversal of epithelial‑ mesenchymal transition via the AKT/GSK‑3β/Snail signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:2783-2795. [PMID: 31524255 PMCID: PMC6691253 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of safe and effective drugs that inhibit tumor invasion and metastasis is required to improve the clinical outcome of patients with colon cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects and possible mechanisms of action of resveratrol against the invasion and metastasis of colon cancer. AKT1-knockdown SW480 and SW620 colon cancer cells were used to detect the effects of resveratrol on cell invasion and metastasis, as well as changes in the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and serine/threonine kinase (AKT)/glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β/Snail signaling pathway-related molecules in vitro. Furthermore, nude mice were inoculated with SW480 cells in the tail vein to establish an in vivo lung metastasis model of colon cancer, to investigate the effects of resveratrol on lung metastasis in colon cancer. The results revealed that resveratrol treatment and AKT1 knockdown significantly inhibited cell migration and invasion in colon cancer, and markedly increased E-cadherin expression and decreased that of N-cadherin, phospho (p)-AKT1, p-GSK-3β, and Snail in colon cancer both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the effects of resveratrol were significantly weaker in the AKT1-knockdown cells. In conclusion, resveratrol may suppress the invasion and metastasis of colon cancer through reversal of EMT via the AKT/GSK-3β/Snail signaling pathway. AKT1 may therefore be a key regulator of EMT in colon cancer cells and a potential therapeutic target for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yuan
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Mengmeng Zhou
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Quzhou, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000, P.R. China
| | - Dawei Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Harpreet S Wasan
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - Kai Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Leitao Sun
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Hong Huang
- Teaching and Research Section of Prescription, Basic Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Shenglin Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Minhe Shen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Shanming Ruan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
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