1
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King-Smith E, Berritt S, Bernier L, Hou X, Klug-McLeod JL, Mustakis J, Sach NW, Tucker JW, Yang Q, Howard RM, Lee AA. Probing the chemical 'reactome' with high-throughput experimentation data. Nat Chem 2024; 16:633-643. [PMID: 38168924 PMCID: PMC10997498 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01393-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
High-throughput experimentation (HTE) has the potential to improve our understanding of organic chemistry by systematically interrogating reactivity across diverse chemical spaces. Notable bottlenecks include few publicly available large-scale datasets and the need for facile interpretation of these data's hidden chemical insights. Here we report the development of a high-throughput experimentation analyser, a robust and statistically rigorous framework, which is applicable to any HTE dataset regardless of size, scope or target reaction outcome, which yields interpretable correlations between starting material(s), reagents and outcomes. We improve the HTE data landscape with the disclosure of 39,000+ previously proprietary HTE reactions that cover a breadth of chemistry, including cross-coupling reactions and chiral salt resolutions. The high-throughput experimentation analyser was validated on cross-coupling and hydrogenation datasets, showcasing the elucidation of statistically significant hidden relationships between reaction components and outcomes, as well as highlighting areas of dataset bias and the specific reaction spaces that necessitate further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma King-Smith
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Xinjun Hou
- Pfizer Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Neal W Sach
- Pfizer Research and Development, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Qingyi Yang
- Pfizer Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Alpha A Lee
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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2
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Ren J, Xu J, Kong X, Li J, Li K. Coordinating activation strategy enables 1,2-alkylamidation of alkynes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11466-11473. [PMID: 37886104 PMCID: PMC10599465 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03786j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The radical 1,2-difunctionalization reaction of alkynes has been evolved into a versatile approach for expeditiously increasing the complexity of the common feedstock alkyne. However, intermolecular 1,2-carboamidation with general alkyl groups is an unsolved problem. Herein, we show that a coordinating activation strategy could act as an efficient tool for enabling radical 1,2-alkylamidation of alkynes. With the employment of diacyl peroxides as both alkylating reagents and internal oxidants, a large library of β-alkylated enamides is constructed in a three-component manner from readily accessible amides and alkynes. This protocol exhibits broad substrate scope with good functional group compatibility and is amenable for late-stage functionalization of natural molecules and biologically compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ren
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University 37 Guoxue Alley Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Junhua Xu
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University 37 Guoxue Alley Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Xiangxiang Kong
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University 37 Guoxue Alley Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Jinlong Li
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University 37 Guoxue Alley Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Kaizhi Li
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University 37 Guoxue Alley Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
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3
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Sheokand S, Mondal D, Kote BS, Radhakrishna L, Balakrishna MS. Novel 1,2,3-triazolyl phosphine with a pyridyl functionality: synthesis, coinage metal complexes, photophysical studies and Cu(I) catalyzed C-O coupling of phenols with aryl bromides. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:1785-1796. [PMID: 36655905 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03791b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This manuscript describes the synthesis and coinage metal complexes of pyridine appended 1,2,3-triazolyl-phosphine [2-{(C6H4N)(C2(PPh2)N3C6H5)}] (1), photophysical studies and their catalytic application. The reactions of 1 with copper salts afforded dimeric complexes [{Cu(μ2-X)}2{2-(C6H4N)(C2(PPh2)N3C6H5)}2] (2, X = Cl; 3, X = Br; and 4, X = I). The crystal structure indicates that the Cu⋯Cu distance in 4 (2.694 Å) is significantly shorter than that in complexes 3 (3.0387 Å) and 2 (3.104 Å), indicating strong cuprophilic interactions which is also supported by NBO calculations, signifying the involvement of 3dz2 orbitals from each Cu atom contributing to the bonding interaction. The fluorescence studies on complexes 2-4 carried out in the solid state showed broad emission bands around 560 nm on excitation at λex = 420 nm. Complex 4 on treatment with two equivalents of 1,10-phenanthroline yielded a mononuclear complex 5 which showed almost complete quenching of fluorescence in the solid state, clearly indicating that the emissive properties of 4 are mainly due to the Cu⋯Cu interaction, along with (M + X)LCT. The reactions of 1 with silver salts led to the isolation of dimeric complexes [{Ag(μ2-X)}2{2-(C6H4N)(C2(PPh2)N3C6H5)}2] (6, X = Cl; 7, X = Br; and 8, X = I) in good yield. The reaction between 1 and [AuCl(SMe2)] yielded [{AuCl}{2-(C6H4N)(C2(PPh2)N3C6H5)}] (9). The molecular structures of 2-5 and 7-9 were confirmed by single crystal X-ray analysis. The complex 4 is found to be an excellent catalyst for C-O coupling under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonu Sheokand
- Phosphorus Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India.
| | - Dipanjan Mondal
- Phosphorus Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India.
| | - Basvaraj S Kote
- Phosphorus Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India.
| | - Latchupatula Radhakrishna
- Phosphorus Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India.
| | - Maravanji S Balakrishna
- Phosphorus Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India.
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4
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Microwave-Assisted Cu-Catalyzed Diaryletherification for Facile Synthesis of Bioactive Prenylated Diresorcinols. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010062. [PMID: 36615257 PMCID: PMC9821922 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Prenylated diresorcinols exhibit various bioactivities, including cytotoxic, antibacterial, and antifungal activities. Therefore, establishing facile and efficient synthetic routes for prenylated diresorcinols facilitates their development as chemical probes or drugs with a novel mode of action. In this study, microwave-assisted copper catalysis was explored as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly method for the cross-coupling of sterically hindered ortho-prenylated phenols and aryl halides to produce bioactive prenylated diresorcinols, diorcinol I and leotiomycene B. Notable advantages of microwave-assisted catalysis include not only operational simplicity and rapid heating but also shorter reaction times and higher chemical yields. In addition, highly regioselective prenylation of phenol was achieved for the preparation of ortho-prenyl phenol via directed lithiation and subsequent alkylation. This study provides valuable insights for the preparation of other bioactive prenylated diresorcinols. Furthermore, considering that prenylated benzenoids are biosynthetic precursors of various polycyclic natural products, this synthetic route could be expanded to more complex bioactive compounds possessing diaryl ethers.
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5
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Ghandhi LHD, Bidula S, Pask CM, Lord RM, McGowan PC. Bis(N-picolinamido)cobalt(II) Complexes Display Antifungal Activity toward Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:3210-3221. [PMID: 34327861 PMCID: PMC8597028 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This report highlights the synthesis and characterization of ten new bis(N-picolinamido)cobalt(II) complexes of the type [(L)2 CoX2 ]0/2+ , whereby L=N-picolinamide ligand and X=diisothiocyanato (-NCS), dichlorido (-Cl) or diaqua (-OH2 ) ligands. Single crystal X-ray (SC-XRD) analysis for nine of the structures are reported and confirm the picolinamide ligand is bound to the Co(II) center through a neutral N,O binding mode. With the addition of powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), we have confirmed the cis and trans ligand arrangements of each complex. All complexes were screened against several fungal species and show increased antifungal activity. Notably, these complexes had significant activity against strains of Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus, with several compounds exhibiting growth inhibition of >80 %, and onecompound inhibiting Aspergillus fumigatus hyphal growth by >90 %. Conversely, no antifungal activity was exhibited toward Cryptococcus neoformans and no cytotoxicity towards mammalian cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan Bidula
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7JTUK
| | | | - Rianne M. Lord
- School of ChemistryUniversity of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwichNR4 7JTUK
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6
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Summers KL, Pushie MJ, Sopasis GJ, James AK, Dolgova NV, Sokaras D, Kroll T, Harris HH, Pickering IJ, George GN. Solution Chemistry of Copper(II) Binding to Substituted 8-Hydroxyquinolines. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:13858-13874. [PMID: 32936627 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
8-Hydroxyquinolines (8HQs) are a family of lipophilic metal ion chelators that have been used in a range of analytical and pharmaceutical applications over the last 100 years. More recently, CQ (clioquinol; 5-chloro-7-iodo-8-hydroxyquinoline) and PBT2 (5,7-dichloro-2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-8-hydroxyquinoline) have undergone clinical trials for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease. Because CQ and PBT2 appear to redistribute metals into cells, these compounds have been redefined as copper and zinc ionophores. Despite the attention surrounding the clinical trials and the clear link between 8HQs and metals, the fundamental solution chemistry of how these compounds bind divalent metals such as copper and zinc, as well as their mechanism(s) of action in mammalian systems, remains poorly understood. In this study, we used a combination of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), high-energy resolution fluorescence detected (HERFD) XAS, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and UV-visible absorption spectroscopies to investigate the aqueous solution chemistry of a range of 8HQ derivatives. To circumvent the known solubility issues with 8HQ compounds and their complexes with Cu(II), and to avoid the use of abiological organic solvents, we have devised a surfactant buffer system to investigate these Cu(II) complexes in aqueous solution. Our study comprises the first comprehensive investigation of the Cu(II) complexes formed with many 8HQs of interest in aqueous solution, and it provides the first structural information on some of these complexes. We find that halogen substitutions in 8HQ derivatives appear to have little effect on the Cu(II) coordination environment; 5,7-dihalogenated 8HQ conformers all have a pseudo square planar Cu(II) bound by two quinolin-8-olate anions, in agreement with previous studies. Conversely, substituents in the 2-position of the 8HQ moiety appear to cause significant distortions from the typical square-planar-like coordination of most Cu(II)-bis-8HQ complexes, such that the 8HQ moieties in the Cu(II)-bis-8HQ complex are rotated approximately 30-40° apart in a "propeller-like" arrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L Summers
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - M Jake Pushie
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - George J Sopasis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Ashley K James
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada.,Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Natalia V Dolgova
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Hugh H Harris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Ingrid J Pickering
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada.,Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Graham N George
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
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7
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Litecká M, Samoľová E, Obuch J, Kubíček V, Vilková M, Kepeňová M, Potočňák I. Synthesis, solution stability, and structural characterization of quinolinol-based silver(I) complexes. J COORD CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2020.1758681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miroslava Litecká
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, P.J. Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Erika Samoľová
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Obuch
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Kubíček
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mária Vilková
- NMR Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, P.J. Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martina Kepeňová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, P.J. Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Ivan Potočňák
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, P.J. Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
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8
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Kanega R, Ertem MZ, Onishi N, Szalda DJ, Fujita E, Himeda Y. CO2 Hydrogenation and Formic Acid Dehydrogenation Using Ir Catalysts with Amide-Based Ligands. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoichi Kanega
- Research Institute of Energy Conservation, Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Mehmed Z. Ertem
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, United States
| | - Naoya Onishi
- Research Institute of Energy Frontier, Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba West, 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
| | - David J. Szalda
- Department of Natural Science, Baruch College, CUNY, New York, New York 10010-5585, United States
| | - Etsuko Fujita
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, United States
| | - Yuichiro Himeda
- Research Institute of Energy Frontier, Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba West, 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
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9
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Phillips EM, Reibarkh M, Limanto J, Kieu M, Lekhal A, Zewge D. Improved Process for a Copper-Catalyzed C–N Coupling in the Synthesis of Verubecestat. Org Process Res Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric M. Phillips
- Department of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Mikhail Reibarkh
- Department of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - John Limanto
- Department of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Minh Kieu
- Department of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Azzeddine Lekhal
- Department of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Daniel Zewge
- Department of Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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10
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Bernhardson DJ, Widlicka DW, Singer RA. Cu-Catalyzed Couplings of Heteroaryl Primary Amines and (Hetero)aryl Bromides with 6-Hydroxypicolinamide Ligands. Org Process Res Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David J. Bernhardson
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Daniel W. Widlicka
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Robert A. Singer
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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11
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Paul S, Joy BP, Rajendran R, Gudimetla VB. Cost Efficient Synthesis of Diaryl Ethers Catalysed by CuI, Imidazolium Chloride and Cs
2
CO
3. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201900473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudeep Paul
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Basic and Applied Sciences, CUTN Thiruvarur- 610 005 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Bony P. Joy
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Basic and Applied Sciences, CUTN Thiruvarur- 610 005 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Rajarajan Rajendran
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Basic and Applied Sciences, CUTN Thiruvarur- 610 005 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Vittal B. Gudimetla
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Basic and Applied Sciences, CUTN Thiruvarur- 610 005 Tamil Nadu India
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12
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Chan VS, Krabbe SW, Li C, Sun L, Liu Y, Nett AJ. Identification of an Oxalamide Ligand for Copper‐Catalyzed C−O Couplings from a Pharmaceutical Compound Library. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201900393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent S. Chan
- Process Research and DevelopmentAbbVie Inc. 1 North Waukegan Road North Chicago IL 60064 USA
- Current address: Process SciencesSeattle Genetics 21823 30th Drive Southeast Bothell, Washington 98021 USA
| | - Scott W. Krabbe
- Process Research and DevelopmentAbbVie Inc. 1 North Waukegan Road North Chicago IL 60064 USA
- Current address: MilliporeSigma 5485 County Rd V Sheboygan Falls, Wisconsin 53081 USA
| | - Changfeng Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Green Synthesis TechnologyAsymchem Laboratories (Tianjin) Co., Ltd. TEDA Tianjin 300457 P. R. China
| | - Lijie Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Green Synthesis TechnologyAsymchem Laboratories (Tianjin) Co., Ltd. TEDA Tianjin 300457 P. R. China
| | - Yue Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Green Synthesis TechnologyAsymchem Laboratories (Tianjin) Co., Ltd. TEDA Tianjin 300457 P. R. China
| | - Alex J. Nett
- Process Research and DevelopmentAbbVie Inc. 1 North Waukegan Road North Chicago IL 60064 USA
- Current address: The Dow Chemical Company Corporate R&D Midland MI 48674 USA
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13
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Hong S, Go YK, Derrick JS, Han S, Kim J, Lim MH, Kim SH. Advanced Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Studies of a Ternary Complex of Copper, Amyloid-β, and a Chemical Regulator. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:12665-12670. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sugyeong Hong
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Kyung Go
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeffrey S. Derrick
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghun Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kim
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hee Kim
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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14
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Zhang Y, Wen C, Zhang C, Li J. Copper-catalyzed ortho-Monofluorination of Aniline Derivatives with Selectfluor Directed by Picolinic Acid Amides. Chem Res Chin Univ 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-018-8113-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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15
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Wakaki T, Togo T, Yoshidome D, Kuninobu Y, Kanai M. Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Diaryl Ketones from Aldehydes and (Hetero)Aryl Halides via C–H Bond Activation. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b00440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Wakaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takaya Togo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yoshidome
- Schrödinger
K.K., 1-8-1 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0005, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kuninobu
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasugakoen, Kasuga-shi, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
- ERATO, Japan Science
and Technology Agency (JST), Kanai Life Science Catalysis Project, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Motomu Kanai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- ERATO, Japan Science
and Technology Agency (JST), Kanai Life Science Catalysis Project, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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16
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Sherborne GJ, Adomeit S, Menzel R, Rabeah J, Brückner A, Fielding MR, Willans CE, Nguyen BN. Origins of high catalyst loading in copper(i)-catalysed Ullmann-Goldberg C-N coupling reactions. Chem Sci 2017; 8:7203-7210. [PMID: 29147546 PMCID: PMC5688446 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc02859h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A mechanistic investigation of Ullmann-Goldberg reactions using soluble and partially soluble bases led to the identification of various pathways for catalyst deactivation through (i) product inhibition with amine products, (ii) by-product inhibition with inorganic halide salts, and (iii) ligand exchange by soluble carboxylate bases. The reactions using partially soluble inorganic bases showed variable induction periods, which are responsible for the reproducibility issues in these reactions. Surprisingly, more finely milled Cs2CO3 resulted in a longer induction period due to the higher concentration of the deprotonated amine/amide, leading to suppressed catalytic activity. These results have significant implications on future ligand development for the Ullmann-Goldberg reaction and on the solid form of the inorganic base as an important variable with mechanistic ramifications in many catalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant J Sherborne
- Institute of Process Research & Development , School of Chemistry , University of Leeds , Woodhouse Lane , Leeds , LS2 9JT , UK .
| | - Sven Adomeit
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V , Albert-Einstein Straβe 29a , 18059 , Rostock , Germany
| | - Robert Menzel
- Institute of Process Research & Development , School of Chemistry , University of Leeds , Woodhouse Lane , Leeds , LS2 9JT , UK .
| | - Jabor Rabeah
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V , Albert-Einstein Straβe 29a , 18059 , Rostock , Germany
| | - Angelika Brückner
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e.V , Albert-Einstein Straβe 29a , 18059 , Rostock , Germany
| | - Mark R Fielding
- AstraZeneca , Pharmaceutical Technology and Development , Etherow T41/18, Silk Road Business Park, Charter Way , Macclesfield , SK10 2NA , UK
| | - Charlotte E Willans
- Institute of Process Research & Development , School of Chemistry , University of Leeds , Woodhouse Lane , Leeds , LS2 9JT , UK .
| | - Bao N Nguyen
- Institute of Process Research & Development , School of Chemistry , University of Leeds , Woodhouse Lane , Leeds , LS2 9JT , UK .
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17
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Lord RM, Lord SM, Pask CM, McGowan PC. Structural studies of titanium(IV) picolinamide alkoxide and oxide derivatives. Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Sung S, Sale D, Braddock DC, Armstrong A, Brennan C, Davies RP. Mechanistic Studies on the Copper-Catalyzed N-Arylation of Alkylamines Promoted by Organic Soluble Ionic Bases. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b00504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Sung
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - David Sale
- Process Studies
Group, Syngenta, Jealott’s Hill Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, United Kingdom
| | - D. Christopher Braddock
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Armstrong
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Colin Brennan
- Process Studies
Group, Syngenta, Jealott’s Hill Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, United Kingdom
| | - Robert P. Davies
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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19
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Hampton AS, Mikulski L, Palmer-Brown W, Murphy CD, Sandford G. Evaluation of fluorinated biphenyl ether pro-drug scaffolds employing the chemical-microbial approach. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:2255-8. [PMID: 27020303 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Incorporation of fluorine in a drug can dramatically affect its metabolism and methods to assess the effect of fluorine substitution on drug metabolism are required for effective drug design. Employing a previously developed chemical-microbial method the metabolism of a series of fluorinated biphenyl ethers was determined. The substrates were synthesized via Ullmann-type condensation reactions between bromotoluene and fluorophenol. The ethers were incubated with the fungus Cunninghamella elegans, which oxidises xenobiotics in an analogous fashion to mammals, generating a number of hydroxylated biphenyl ethers and acids. The propensity of the fluorinated ring to be hydroxylated depended upon the position of the fluorine atom, and the oxidation of the methyl group was observed when it was meta to the oxygen. The experiments demonstrate the applicability of the method to rapidly determine the effect of fluorine substitution on CYP-catalysed biotransformation of pro-drug molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex S Hampton
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Lena Mikulski
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - William Palmer-Brown
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Cormac D Murphy
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Graham Sandford
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
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20
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Sambiagio C, Munday RH, John Blacker A, Marsden SP, McGowan PC. Green alternative solvents for the copper-catalysed arylation of phenols and amides. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra02265k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of alkyl acetates as green organic solvents for the Cu-catalysed arylation of phenols and amides is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Sambiagio
- Institute for Process Research and Development (iPRD)
- School of Chemistry
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
| | | | - A. John Blacker
- Institute for Process Research and Development (iPRD)
- School of Chemistry
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
| | - Stephen P. Marsden
- Institute for Process Research and Development (iPRD)
- School of Chemistry
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
| | - Patrick C. McGowan
- Institute for Process Research and Development (iPRD)
- School of Chemistry
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
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21
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Sokolovs I, Suna E. Para-Selective Cu-Catalyzed C–H Aryloxylation of Electron-Rich Arenes and Heteroarenes. J Org Chem 2015; 81:371-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Igors Sokolovs
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles
21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Edgars Suna
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles
21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
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22
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A synthetic, spectroscopic and computational study of copper(II) complexes supported by pyridylamide ligands. Polyhedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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