1
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Guo M, Braun A, Sokaras D, Kroll T. Iron Kβ X-ray Emission Spectroscopy: The Origin of Spectral Features from Atomic to Molecular Systems Using Multi-configurational Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:1260-1273. [PMID: 38329897 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c07949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Kβ X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) is widely used to fingerprint the local spin of transition-metal ions, including in pump-probe experiments, to identify excited states or in chemical and biological reactions to characterize short-lived intermediates. In this study, the spectra of ferrous and ferric complexes for various spin states were measured experimentally and described theoretically through restricted active space (RAS) calculations including dynamic correlations. Through the RAS calculations from simple atomic models to complex molecular systems, spectral effects such as the exchange interactions, crystal-field strength, and covalent orbital mixing were evaluated and discussed. The calculations find that only the spectral features of low-spin cases show a dependence on the crystal-field strength, particularly for ferrous low spin. The effect of the covalent orbital mixing strength on the first moment of the Kβ1,3 main line and the Kβ1,3-Kβ' energy splitting is quantitatively described. Clear relationships are found within a given nominal spin but less between different spin states, which calls for careful selection of reference spectra in future experiments. This study further advances our understanding of the correlation between changes in experimental spectral features and their corresponding electronic structure information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyuan Guo
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Augustin Braun
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
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2
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Borgstahl G, Azadmanesh J, Slobodnik K, Struble L, Lutz W, Coates L, Weiss K, Myles D, Kroll T. Revealing the atomic and electronic mechanism of human manganese superoxide dismutase product inhibition. Res Sq 2024:rs.3.rs-3880128. [PMID: 38405788 PMCID: PMC10889052 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3880128/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Human manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a crucial oxidoreductase that maintains the vitality of mitochondria by converting O 2 ∙ - to O 2 and H 2 O 2 with proton-coupled electron transfers (PCETs). Since changes in mitochondrial H 2 O 2 concentrations are capable of stimulating apoptotic signaling pathways, human MnSOD has evolutionarily gained the ability to be highly inhibited by its own product, H 2 O 2 . A separate set of PCETs is thought to regulate product inhibition, though mechanisms of PCETs are typically unknown due to difficulties in detecting the protonation states of specific residues that coincide with the electronic state of the redox center. To shed light on the underlying mechanism, we combined neutron diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy of the product-bound, trivalent, and divalent states to reveal the all-atom structures and electronic configuration of the metal. The data identifies the product-inhibited complex for the first time and a PCET mechanism of inhibition is constructed.
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3
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Azadmanesh J, Slobodnik K, Struble LR, Lutz WE, Coates L, Weiss KL, Myles DAA, Kroll T, Borgstahl GEO. Revealing the atomic and electronic mechanism of human manganese superoxide dismutase product inhibition. bioRxiv 2024:2024.01.26.577433. [PMID: 38328249 PMCID: PMC10849630 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.26.577433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Human manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a crucial oxidoreductase that maintains the vitality of mitochondria by converting O 2 ●- to O 2 and H 2 O 2 with proton-coupled electron transfers (PCETs). Since changes in mitochondrial H 2 O 2 concentrations are capable of stimulating apoptotic signaling pathways, human MnSOD has evolutionarily gained the ability to be highly inhibited by its own product, H 2 O 2 . A separate set of PCETs is thought to regulate product inhibition, though mechanisms of PCETs are typically unknown due to difficulties in detecting the protonation states of specific residues that coincide with the electronic state of the redox center. To shed light on the underlying mechanism, we combined neutron diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy of the product-bound, trivalent, and divalent states to reveal the all-atom structures and electronic configuration of the metal. The data identifies the product-inhibited complex for the first time and a PCET mechanism of inhibition is constructed.
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4
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Weng M, Dolgova NV, Vogt LI, Qureshi M, Sokaras D, Kroll T, Saitō H, O'Donoghue JL, Watson GE, Myers GJ, Sekikawa T, Pickering IJ, George GN. Synchrotron speciation of umbilical cord mercury and selenium after environmental exposure in Niigata. Neurotoxicology 2024; 100:117-123. [PMID: 38128735 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The insidious and deadly nature of mercury's organometallic compounds is informed by two large scale poisonings due to industrial mercury pollution that occurred decades ago in Minamata and Niigata, Japan. The present study examined chemical speciation for both mercury and selenium in a historic umbilical cord sample from a child born to a mother who lived near the Agano River in Niigata. The mother had experienced mercury exposure leading to more than 50 ppm mercury measured in her hair and was symptomatic 9 years prior to the birth. We sought to determine the mercury and selenium speciation in the child's cord using Hg Lα1 and Se Kα1 high-energy resolution fluorescence detected X-ray absorption spectroscopy, the chemical speciation of mercury was found to be predominantly organometallic and coordinated to a thiolate. The selenium was found to be primarily in an organic form and at levels higher than those of mercury, with no evidence of mercury-selenium chemical species. Our results are consistent with mercury exposure at Niigata being due to exposure to organometallic mercury species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Weng
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Natalia V Dolgova
- Calibr - California Institute for Biomedical Research, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Linda I Vogt
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Muhammad Qureshi
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | | | - John L O'Donoghue
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Gene E Watson
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA; Eastman Institute for Oral Health, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Gary J Myers
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA; Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Tomoko Sekikawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nuttari Clinic, 6-4-12 Nuttarihigasi, Chuo-ku, Niigata 950-0075, Japan
| | - Ingrid J Pickering
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada; Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Graham N George
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada; Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
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5
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Gee LB, Lim J, Kroll T, Sokaras D, Alonso-Mori R, Lee CM. Unraveling Metal-Ligand Bonding in an HNO-Evolving {FeNO} 6 Complex with a Combined X-ray Spectroscopic Approach. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:20733-20738. [PMID: 37610249 PMCID: PMC10876219 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Photolytic delivery of nitric oxide and nitroxide has substantial biomedical and phototherapeutic applications. Here, we utilized hard X-ray spectroscopic methods to identify key geometric and electronic structural features of two photolabile {FeNO}6 complexes where the compounds differ in the presence of a pendant thiol in [Fe(NO)(TMSPS2)(TMSPS2H)] and thioether in [Fe(NO)(TMSPS2)(TMSPS2CH3)] with the former complex being the only transition metal system to photolytically generate HNO. Fe Kβ XES identifies the photoreactant systems as essentially Fe(II)-NO+, while valence-to-core XES extracts a NO oxidation state of +0.5. Finally, the pre-edge of the Fe high-energy-resolution fluorescence detected (HERFD) XAS spectra is shown to be acutely sensitive to perturbation of the Fe-NO covalency enhanced by the 3d-4p orbital mixing dipole intensity contribution. Collectively, this X-ray spectroscopic approach enables future time-resolved insights in these systems and extensions to other challenging redox noninnocent {FeNO}x systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leland B. Gee
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Jinkyu Lim
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Thomas Kroll
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Chien-Ming Lee
- Department of Applied Science, National Taitung University, Taitung 950, Taiwan
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Reinhard M, Skoien D, Spies JA, Garcia-Esparza AT, Matson BD, Corbett J, Tian K, Safranek J, Granados E, Strader M, Gaffney KJ, Alonso-Mori R, Kroll T, Sokaras D. Solution phase high repetition rate laser pump x-ray probe picosecond hard x-ray spectroscopy at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource. Struct Dyn 2023; 10:054304. [PMID: 37901682 PMCID: PMC10613086 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
We present a dedicated end-station for solution phase high repetition rate (MHz) picosecond hard x-ray spectroscopy at beamline 15-2 of the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource. A high-power ultrafast ytterbium-doped fiber laser is used to photoexcite the samples at a repetition rate of 640 kHz, while the data acquisition operates at the 1.28 MHz repetition rate of the storage ring recording data in an alternating on-off mode. The time-resolved x-ray measurements are enabled via gating the x-ray detectors with the 20 mA/70 ps camshaft bunch of SPEAR3, a mode available during the routine operations of the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource. As a benchmark study, aiming to demonstrate the advantageous capabilities of this end-station, we have conducted picosecond Fe K-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy on aqueous [FeII(phen)3]2+, a prototypical spin crossover complex that undergoes light-induced excited spin state trapping forming an electronic excited state with a 0.6-0.7 ns lifetime. In addition, we report transient Fe Kβ main line and valence-to-core x-ray emission spectra, showing a unique detection sensitivity and an excellent agreement with model spectra and density functional theory calculations, respectively. Notably, the achieved signal-to-noise ratio, the overall performance, and the routine availability of the developed end-station have enabled a systematic time-resolved science program using the monochromatic beam at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Reinhard
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Dean Skoien
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jeff Corbett
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Kai Tian
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - James Safranek
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Eduardo Granados
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Matthew Strader
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Kelly J. Gaffney
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | | | - Thomas Kroll
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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7
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Braun A, Gee LB, Mara MW, Hill EA, Kroll T, Nordlund D, Sokaras D, Glatzel P, Hedman B, Hodgson KO, Borovik AS, Baker ML, Solomon EI. X-ray Spectroscopic Study of the Electronic Structure of a Trigonal High-Spin Fe(IV)═O Complex Modeling Non-Heme Enzyme Intermediates and Their Reactivity. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:18977-18991. [PMID: 37590931 PMCID: PMC10631461 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Fe K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) has long been used for the study of high-valent iron intermediates in biological and artificial catalysts. 4p-mixing into the 3d orbitals complicates the pre-edge analysis but when correctly understood via 1s2p resonant inelastic X-ray scattering and Fe L-edge XAS, it enables deeper insight into the geometric structure and correlates with the electronic structure and reactivity. This study shows that in addition to the 4p-mixing into the 3dz2 orbital due to the short iron-oxo bond, the loss of inversion in the equatorial plane leads to 4p mixing into the 3dx2-y2,xy, providing structural insight and allowing the distinction of 6- vs 5-coordinate active sites as shown through application to the Fe(IV)═O intermediate of taurine dioxygenase. Combined with O K-edge XAS, this study gives an unprecedented experimental insight into the electronic structure of Fe(IV)═O active sites and their selectivity for reactivity enabled by the π-pathway involving the 3dxz/yz orbitals. Finally, the large effect of spin polarization is experimentally assigned in the pre-edge (i.e., the α/β splitting) and found to be better modeled by multiplet simulations rather than by commonly used time-dependent density functional theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustin Braun
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Leland B Gee
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Michael W Mara
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Ethan A Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Dennis Nordlund
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Pieter Glatzel
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Britt Hedman
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Keith O Hodgson
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - A S Borovik
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Michael L Baker
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
- The University of Manchester at Harwell, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K
| | - Edward I Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
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8
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Lim H, Brueggemeyer MT, Transue WJ, Meier KK, Jones SM, Kroll T, Sokaras D, Kelemen B, Hedman B, Hodgson KO, Solomon EI. Kβ X-ray Emission Spectroscopy of Cu(I)-Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenase: Direct Observation of the Frontier Molecular Orbital for H 2O 2 Activation. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:16015-16025. [PMID: 37441786 PMCID: PMC10557184 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) catalyze the degradation of recalcitrant carbohydrate polysaccharide substrates. These enzymes are characterized by a mononuclear Cu(I) active site with a three-coordinate T-shaped "His-brace" configuration including the N-terminal histidine and its amine group as ligands. This study explicitly investigates the electronic structure of the d10 Cu(I) active site in a LPMO using Kβ X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES). The lack of inversion symmetry in the His-brace site enables the 3d/p mixing required for intensity in the Kβ valence-to-core (VtC) XES spectrum of Cu(I)-LPMO. These Kβ XES data are correlated to density functional theory (DFT) calculations to define the bonding, and in particular, the frontier molecular orbital (FMO) of the Cu(I) site. These experimentally validated DFT calculations are used to evaluate the reaction coordinate for homolytic cleavage of the H2O2 O-O bond and understand the contribution of this FMO to the low barrier of this reaction and how the geometric and electronic structure of the Cu(I)-LPMO site is activated for rapid reactivity with H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongtaek Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | | | - Wesley J Transue
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Katlyn K Meier
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Stephen M Jones
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Bradley Kelemen
- IFF Health and Biosciences, Palo Alto, California 94304, United States
| | - Britt Hedman
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Keith O Hodgson
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Edward I Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
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Tovar-Ramírez ME, Schuth N, Rodríguez-Meza O, Kroll T, Saab-Rincon G, Costas M, Lampi K, Quintanar L. ATCUN-like Copper Site in βB2-Crystallin Plays a Protective Role in Cataract-Associated Aggregation. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:10592-10604. [PMID: 37379524 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Cataract is the leading cause of blindness worldwide, and it is caused by crystallin damage and aggregation. Senile cataractous lenses have relatively high levels of metals, while some metal ions can directly induce the aggregation of human γ-crystallins. Here, we evaluated the impact of divalent metal ions in the aggregation of human βB2-crystallin, one of the most abundant crystallins in the lens. Turbidity assays showed that Pb2+, Hg2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ ions induce the aggregation of βB2-crystallin. Metal-induced aggregation is partially reverted by a chelating agent, indicating the formation of metal-bridged species. Our study focused on the mechanism of copper-induced aggregation of βB2-crystallin, finding that it involves metal-bridging, disulfide-bridging, and loss of protein stability. Circular dichroism and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) revealed the presence of at least three Cu2+ binding sites in βB2-crystallin, one of them with spectroscopic features typical for Cu2+ bound to an amino-terminal copper and nickel (ATCUN) binding motif, which is found in Cu transport proteins. The ATCUN-like Cu binding site is located at the unstructured N-terminus of βB2-crystallin, and it could be modeled by a peptide with the first six residues in the protein sequence (NH2-ASDHQF-). Isothermal titration calorimetry indicates a nanomolar Cu2+ binding affinity for the ATCUN-like site. An N-truncated form of βB2-crystallin is more susceptible to Cu-induced aggregation and is less thermally stable, indicating a protective role for the ATCUN-like site. EPR and X-ray absorption spectroscopy studies reveal the presence of a copper redox active site in βB2-crystallin that is associated with metal-induced aggregation and formation of disulfide-bridged oligomers. Our study demonstrates metal-induced aggregation of βB2-crystallin and the presence of putative copper binding sites in the protein. Whether the copper-transport ATCUN-like site in βB2-crystallin plays a functional/protective role or constitutes a vestige from its evolution as a lens structural protein remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin E Tovar-Ramírez
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Nils Schuth
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Oscar Rodríguez-Meza
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Gloria Saab-Rincon
- Department of Biocatalysis and Cellular Engineering, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Miguel Costas
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Kirsten Lampi
- Integrative Biosciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Liliana Quintanar
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Mexico City 07360, Mexico
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10
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Poulter BI, Biasin E, Nowak SH, Kroll T, Alonso-Mori R, Schoenlein RW, Govind N, Sokaras D, Khalil M. Uncovering the 3d and 4d Electronic Interactions in Solvated Ru Complexes with 2p3d Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37314410 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The electronic structure and dynamics of ruthenium complexes are widely studied given their use in catalytic and light-harvesting materials. Here we investigate three model Ru complexes, [RuIII(NH3)6]3+, [RuII(bpy)3]2+, and [RuII(CN)6]4-, with L3-edge 2p3d resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) to probe unoccupied 4d valence orbitals and occupied 3d orbitals and to gain insight into the interactions between these levels. The 2p3d RIXS maps contain a higher level of spectral information than the L3 X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES). This study provides a direct measure of the 3d spin-orbit splittings of 4.3, 4.0, and 4.1 eV between the 3d5/2 and 3d3/2 orbitals of the [RuIII(NH3)6]3+, [RuII(bpy)3]2+, and [RuII(CN)6]4- complexes, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin I Poulter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Elisa Biasin
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Stanisław H Nowak
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Thomas Kroll
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Robert W Schoenlein
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Niranjan Govind
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Munira Khalil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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11
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Sadhukhan P, Wu SQ, Kanegawa S, Su SQ, Zhang X, Nakanishi T, Long JI, Gao K, Shimada R, Okajima H, Sakamoto A, Chiappella JG, Huzan MS, Kroll T, Sokaras D, Baker ML, Sato O. Energy conversion and storage via photoinduced polarization change in non-ferroelectric molecular [CoGa] crystals. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3394. [PMID: 37296168 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39127-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
To alleviate the energy and environmental crisis, in the last decades, energy harvesting by utilizing optical control has emerged as a promising solution. Here we report a polar crystal that exhibits photoenergy conversion and energy storage upon light irradiation. The polar crystal consists of dinuclear [CoGa] molecules, which are oriented in a uniform direction inside the crystal lattice. Irradiation with green light induces a directional intramolecular electron transfer from the ligand to a low-spin CoIII centre, and the resultant light-induced high-spin CoII excited state is trapped at low temperature, realizing energy storage. Additionally, electric current release is observed during relaxation from the trapped light-induced metastable state to the ground state, because the intramolecular electron transfer in the relaxation process is accompanied with macroscopic polarization switching at the single-crystal level. It demonstrates that energy storage and conversion to electrical energy is realized in the [CoGa] crystals, which is different from typical polar pyroelectric compounds that exhibit the conversion of thermal energy into electricity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Sadhukhan
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shu-Qi Wu
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shinji Kanegawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Sheng-Qun Su
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Xiaopeng Zhang
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takumi Nakanishi
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Jeremy Ian Long
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kaige Gao
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Rintaro Shimada
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5258, Japan
| | - Hajime Okajima
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5258, Japan
| | - Akira Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5258, Japan
| | - Joy G Chiappella
- The Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- The Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester at Harwell, Didcot, OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Myron S Huzan
- The Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- The Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester at Harwell, Didcot, OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, 94025, CA, USA
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, 94025, CA, USA
| | - Michael L Baker
- The Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- The Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester at Harwell, Didcot, OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Osamu Sato
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
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12
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Weakly RB, Liekhus-Schmaltz CE, Poulter BI, Biasin E, Alonso-Mori R, Aquila A, Boutet S, Fuller FD, Ho PJ, Kroll T, Loe CM, Lutman A, Zhu D, Bergmann U, Schoenlein RW, Govind N, Khalil M. Revealing core-valence interactions in solution with femtosecond X-ray pump X-ray probe spectroscopy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3384. [PMID: 37291130 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39165-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy using ultrafast optical and infrared pulses has become an essential tool to discover and understand complex electronic and structural dynamics in solvated molecular, biological, and material systems. Here we report the experimental realization of an ultrafast two-color X-ray pump X-ray probe transient absorption experiment performed in solution. A 10 fs X-ray pump pulse creates a localized excitation by removing a 1s electron from an Fe atom in solvated ferro- and ferricyanide complexes. Following the ensuing Auger-Meitner cascade, the second X-ray pulse probes the Fe 1s → 3p transitions in resultant novel core-excited electronic states. Careful comparison of the experimental spectra with theory, extracts +2 eV shifts in transition energies per valence hole, providing insight into correlated interactions of valence 3d with 3p and deeper-lying electrons. Such information is essential for accurate modeling and predictive synthesis of transition metal complexes relevant for applications ranging from catalysis to information storage technology. This study demonstrates the experimental realization of the scientific opportunities possible with the continued development of multicolor multi-pulse X-ray spectroscopy to study electronic correlations in complex condensed phase systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert B Weakly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | | | - Benjamin I Poulter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Elisa Biasin
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Andrew Aquila
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Sébastien Boutet
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Franklin D Fuller
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Phay J Ho
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Caroline M Loe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Alberto Lutman
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Diling Zhu
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Robert W Schoenlein
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Niranjan Govind
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Munira Khalil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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13
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Muhunthan P, Paredes Mellone O, Kroll T, Sokaras D, Ihme M. The Local Electronic Structure of Supercritical CO 2 from X-ray Raman Spectroscopy and Atomistic-Scale Modeling. J Phys Chem Lett 2023:4955-4961. [PMID: 37216638 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Supercritical CO2 is encountered in several technical and natural systems related to biology, geophysics, and engineering. While the structure of gaseous CO2 has been studied extensively, the properties of supercritical CO2, particularly close to the critical point, are not well-known. In this work, we combine X-ray Raman spectroscopy, molecular dynamics simulations, and first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations to characterize the local electronic structure of supercritical CO2 at conditions around the critical point. The X-ray Raman oxygen K-edge spectra manifest systematic trends associated with the phase change of CO2 and the intermolecular distance. Extensive first-principles DFT calculations rationalize these observations on the basis of the 4sσ Rydberg state hybridization. X-ray Raman spectroscopy is found to be a sensitive tool for characterizing electronic properties of CO2 under challenging experimental conditions and is demonstrated to be a unique probe for studying the electronic structure of supercritical fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Muhunthan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | | | - Thomas Kroll
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Matthias Ihme
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Photon Science, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
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14
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Reinhard M, Gallo A, Guo M, Garcia-Esparza AT, Biasin E, Qureshi M, Britz A, Ledbetter K, Kunnus K, Weninger C, van Driel T, Robinson J, Glownia JM, Gaffney KJ, Kroll T, Weng TC, Alonso-Mori R, Sokaras D. Ferricyanide photo-aquation pathway revealed by combined femtosecond Kβ main line and valence-to-core x-ray emission spectroscopy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2443. [PMID: 37147295 PMCID: PMC10163258 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37922-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reliably identifying short-lived chemical reaction intermediates is crucial to elucidate reaction mechanisms but becomes particularly challenging when multiple transient species occur simultaneously. Here, we report a femtosecond x-ray emission spectroscopy and scattering study of the aqueous ferricyanide photochemistry, utilizing the combined Fe Kβ main and valence-to-core emission lines. Following UV-excitation, we observe a ligand-to-metal charge transfer excited state that decays within 0.5 ps. On this timescale, we also detect a hitherto unobserved short-lived species that we assign to a ferric penta-coordinate intermediate of the photo-aquation reaction. We provide evidence that bond photolysis occurs from reactive metal-centered excited states that are populated through relaxation of the charge transfer excited state. Beyond illuminating the elusive ferricyanide photochemistry, these results show how current limitations of Kβ main line analysis in assigning ultrafast reaction intermediates can be circumvented by simultaneously using the valence-to-core spectral range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Reinhard
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
| | | | - Meiyuan Guo
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | | | - Elisa Biasin
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Kathryn Ledbetter
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Clemens Weninger
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Tim van Driel
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Kroll
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Tsu-Chien Weng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
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15
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Santos-Díaz AI, Solís-López J, Díaz-Torres E, Guadarrama-Olmos JC, Osorio B, Kroll T, Webb SM, Hiriart M, Jiménez-Estrada I, Missirlis F. Metal ion content of internal organs in the calorically restricted Wistar rat. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 78:127182. [PMID: 37130496 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the agreed principle that access to food is a human right, undernourishment and metal ion deficiencies are public health problems worldwide, exacerbated in impoverished or war-affected areas. It is known that maternal malnutrition causes growth retardation and affects behavioral and cognitive development of the newborn. Here we ask whether severe caloric restriction leads per se to disrupted metal accumulation in different organs of the Wistar rat. METHODS Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy was used to determine the concentration of multiple elements in the small and large intestine, heart, lung, liver, kidney, pancreas, spleen, brain, spinal cord, and three skeletal muscles from control and calorically restricted Wistar rats. The caloric restriction protocol was initiated from the mothers prior to mating and continued throughout gestation, lactation, and post-weaning up to sixty days of age. RESULTS Both sexes were analyzed but dimorphism was rare. The pancreas was the most affected organ presenting a higher concentration of all the elements analyzed. Copper concentration decreased in the kidney and increased in the liver. Each skeletal muscle responded to the treatment differentially: Extensor Digitorum Longus accumulated calcium and manganese, gastrocnemius decreased copper and manganese, whereas soleus decreased iron concentrations. Differences were also observed in the concentration of elements between organs independently of treatment: The soleus muscle presents a higher concentration of Zn compared to the other muscles and the rest of the organs. Notably, the spinal cord showed large accumulations of calcium and half the concentration of zinc compared to brain. X-ray fluorescence imaging suggests that the extra calcium is attributable to the presence of ossifications whereas the latter finding is attributable to the low abundance of zinc synapses in the spinal cord. CONCLUSION Severe caloric restriction did not lead to systemic metal deficiencies but caused instead specific metal responses in few organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma I Santos-Díaz
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Cinvestav, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Elizabeth Díaz-Torres
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Cinvestav, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Beatriz Osorio
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Cinvestav, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Samuel M Webb
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Marcia Hiriart
- Institute of Cellular Physiology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Ismael Jiménez-Estrada
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Cinvestav, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fanis Missirlis
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Cinvestav, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico.
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16
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Doyle MD, Halavanau A, Zhang Y, Michine Y, Everts J, Fuller F, Alonso-Mori R, Yabashi M, Inoue IC, Osaka T, Yamada J, Inubushi Y, Hara T, Kern J, Yano J, Yachandra VK, Rohringer N, Yoneda H, Kroll T, Pellegrini C, Bergmann U. Seeded stimulated X-ray emission at 5.9 keV. Optica 2023; 10:513-519. [PMID: 38239819 PMCID: PMC10795508 DOI: 10.1364/optica.485989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) provide intense pulses that can generate stimulated X-ray emission, a phenomenon that has been observed and studied in materials ranging from neon to copper. Two schemes have been employed: amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) and seeded stimulated emission (SSE), where a second color XFEL pulse provides the seed. Both phenomena are currently explored for coherent X-ray laser sources and spectroscopy. Here, we report measurements of ASE and SSE of the 5.9 keV Mn Kα1 fluorescence line from a 3.9 molar NaMnO4 solution, pumped with 7 femtosecond FWHM XFEL pulses at 6.6 keV. We observed ASE at a pump pulse intensity of 1.7 × 1019 W/cm2, consistent with earlier findings. We observed SSE at dramatically reduced pump pulse intensities down to 1.1 × 1017 W/cm2. These intensities are well within the range of many existing XFEL instruments, which supports the experimental feasibility of SSE as a tool to generate coherent X-ray pulses, spectroscopic studies of transition metal complexes, and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret D. Doyle
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Aliaksei Halavanau
- Accelerator Research Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Yurina Michine
- Institute for Laser Science, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Joshua Everts
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 9402, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Franklin Fuller
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Makina Yabashi
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - IChiro Inoue
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Taito Osaka
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Jumpei Yamada
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Yuichi Inubushi
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Toru Hara
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Jan Kern
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Junko Yano
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Vittal K. Yachandra
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Nina Rohringer
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg 22607, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg 20355, Germany
| | - Hitoki Yoneda
- Institute for Laser Science, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 9402, USA
| | - Claudio Pellegrini
- Accelerator Research Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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17
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Palomino-Vizcaino G, Schuth N, Domínguez-Calva JA, Rodríguez-Meza O, Martínez-Jurado E, Serebryany E, King JA, Kroll T, Costas M, Quintanar L. Copper Reductase Activity and Free Radical Chemistry by Cataract-Associated Human Lens γ-Crystallins. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:6781-6797. [PMID: 36918380 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Cataracts are caused by high-molecular-weight aggregates of human eye lens proteins that scatter light, causing lens opacity. Metal ions have emerged as important potential players in the etiology of cataract disease, as human lens γ-crystallins are susceptible to metal-induced aggregation. Here, the interaction of Cu2+ ions with γD-, γC-, and γS-crystallins, the three most abundant γ-crystallins in the lens, has been evaluated. Cu2+ ions induced non-amyloid aggregation in all three proteins. Solution turbidimetry, sodium dodecyl sulfate poly(acrylamide) gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), circular dichroism, and differential scanning calorimetry showed that the mechanism for Cu-induced aggregation involves: (i) loss of β-sheet structure in the N-terminal domain; (ii) decreased thermal and kinetic stability; (iii) formation of metal-bridged species; and (iv) formation of disulfide-bridged dimers. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) revealed distinct Cu2+ binding affinities in the γ-crystallins. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) revealed two distinct Cu2+ binding sites in each protein. Spin quantitation demonstrated the reduction of γ-crystallin-bound Cu2+ ions to Cu+ under aerobic conditions, while X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) confirmed the presence of linear or trigonal Cu+ binding sites in γ-crystallins. Our EPR and XAS studies revealed that γ-crystallins' Cu2+ reductase activity yields a protein-based free radical that is likely a Tyr-based species in human γD-crystallin. This unique free radical chemistry carried out by distinct redox-active Cu sites in human lens γ-crystallins likely contributes to the mechanism of copper-induced aggregation. In the context of an aging human lens, γ-crystallins could act not only as structural proteins but also as key players for metal and redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Palomino-Vizcaino
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Nils Schuth
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - José A Domínguez-Calva
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Oscar Rodríguez-Meza
- Laboratorio de Biofisicoquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Martínez-Jurado
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Eugene Serebryany
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Jonathan A King
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Miguel Costas
- Laboratorio de Biofisicoquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Liliana Quintanar
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Mexico City 07360, Mexico
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18
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Hoffman DJ, Van Driel TB, Kroll T, Crissman CJ, Ryland ES, Nelson KJ, Cordones AA, Koralek JD, DePonte DP. Microfluidic liquid sheets as large-area targets for high repetition XFELs. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1048932. [PMID: 36567947 PMCID: PMC9780453 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1048932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The high intensity of X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) can damage solution-phase samples on every scale, ranging from the molecular or electronic structure of a sample to the macroscopic structure of a liquid microjet. By using a large surface area liquid sheet microjet as a sample target instead of a standard cylindrical microjet, the incident X-ray spot size can be increased such that the incident intensity falls below the damage threshold. This capability is becoming particularly important for high repetition rate XFELs, where destroying a target with each pulse would require prohibitively large volumes of sample. We present here a study of microfluidic liquid sheet dimensions as a function of liquid flow rate. Sheet lengths, widths and thickness gradients are shown for three styles of nozzles fabricated from isotropically etched glass. In-vacuum operation and sample recirculation using these nozzles is demonstrated. The effects of intense XFEL pulses on the structure of a liquid sheet are also briefly examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Hoffman
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Tim B. Van Driel
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Christopher J. Crissman
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, United States,United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, United States
| | - Elizabeth S. Ryland
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford PULSE Institute, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Kacie J. Nelson
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford PULSE Institute, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Amy A. Cordones
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford PULSE Institute, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Jake D. Koralek
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Daniel P. DePonte
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Daniel P. DePonte,
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19
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Tobin JG, Nowak S, Yu SW, Alonso-Mori R, Kroll T, Nordlund D, Weng TC, Sokaras D. 5f covalency from x-ray resonant Raman spectroscopy. J Phys Condens Matter 2022; 34:505601. [PMID: 36261038 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac9bbd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
X-ray resonant Raman spectroscopy (XRRS), a variant of resonant inelastic x-ray scattering, has been used to investigate the two prototype systems, UF4and UO2. Both are U5f2and each is an example of 5f localized, ionic behavior and 5f localized, covalent behavior, respectively. From the M5XRRS measurements, the 5f band gap in each can be directly determined and, moreover, a clear and powerful sensitivity to 5f covalency emerges.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Tobin
- University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh, Oshkosh, WI 54901, United States of America
| | - S Nowak
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, United States of America
| | - S-W Yu
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, United States of America
| | - R Alonso-Mori
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, United States of America
| | - T Kroll
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, United States of America
| | - D Nordlund
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, United States of America
| | - T-C Weng
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, United States of America
| | - D Sokaras
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, United States of America
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20
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Summers KL, Roseman G, Schilling KM, Dolgova NV, Pushie MJ, Sokaras D, Kroll T, Harris HH, Millhauser GL, Pickering IJ, George GN. Alzheimer's Drug PBT2 Interacts with the Amyloid β 1-42 Peptide Differently than Other 8-Hydroxyquinoline Chelating Drugs. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:14626-14640. [PMID: 36073854 PMCID: PMC9957665 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although Alzheimer's disease (AD) was first described over a century ago, it remains the leading cause of age-related dementia. Innumerable changes have been linked to the pathology of AD; however, there remains much discord regarding which might be the initial cause of the disease. The "amyloid cascade hypothesis" proposes that the amyloid β (Aβ) peptide is central to disease pathology, which is supported by elevated Aβ levels in the brain before the development of symptoms and correlations of amyloid burden with cognitive impairment. The "metals hypothesis" proposes a role for metal ions such as iron, copper, and zinc in the pathology of AD, which is supported by the accumulation of these metals within amyloid plaques in the brain. Metals have been shown to induce aggregation of Aβ, and metal ion chelators have been shown to reverse this reaction in vitro. 8-Hydroxyquinoline-based chelators showed early promise as anti-Alzheimer's drugs. Both 5-chloro-7-iodo-8-hydroxyquinoline (CQ) and 5,7-dichloro-2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-8-hydroxyquinoline (PBT2) underwent unsuccessful clinical trials for the treatment of AD. To gain insight into the mechanism of action of 8HQs, we have investigated the potential interaction of CQ, PBT2, and 5,7-dibromo-8-hydroxyquinoline (B2Q) with Cu(II)-bound Aβ(1-42) using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), high energy resolution fluorescence detected (HERFD) XAS, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). By XAS, we found CQ and B2Q sequestered ∼83% of the Cu(II) from Aβ(1-42), whereas PBT2 sequestered only ∼59% of the Cu(II) from Aβ(1-42), suggesting that CQ and B2Q have a higher relative Cu(II) affinity than PBT2. From our EPR, it became clear that PBT2 sequestered Cu(II) from a heterogeneous mixture of Cu(II)Aβ(1-42) species in solution, leaving a single Cu(II)Aβ(1-42) species. It follows that the Cu(II) site in this Cu(II)Aβ(1-42) species is inaccessible to PBT2 and may be less solvent-exposed than in other Cu(II)Aβ(1-42) species. We found no evidence to suggest that these 8HQs form ternary complexes with Cu(II)Aβ(1-42).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L. Summers
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Graham Roseman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Kevin M. Schilling
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Natalia V. Dolgova
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - M. Jake Pushie
- Department of Surgery, University of Saskatchewan, 103 Hospital Dr, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 0W8, Canada
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Hugh H. Harris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Glenn L. Millhauser
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Ingrid J. Pickering
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Graham N. George
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
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21
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James AK, Dolgova NV, Nehzati S, Korbas M, Cotelesage JJH, Sokaras D, Kroll T, O’Donoghue JL, Watson GE, Myers GJ, Pickering IJ, George GN. Molecular Fates of Organometallic Mercury in Human Brain. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:1756-1768. [PMID: 35543423 PMCID: PMC9977140 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mercury is ubiquitous in the environment, with rising levels due to pollution and climate change being a current global concern. Many mercury compounds are notorious for their toxicity, with the potential of organometallic mercury compounds for devastating effects on the structures and functions of the central nervous system being of particular concern. Chronic exposure of human populations to low levels of methylmercury compounds occurs through consumption of fish and other seafood, although the health consequences, if any, from this exposure remain controversial. We have used high energy resolution fluorescence detected X-ray absorption spectroscopy to determine the speciation of mercury and selenium in human brain tissue. We show that the molecular fate of mercury differs dramatically between individuals who suffered acute organometallic mercury exposure (poisoning) and individuals with chronic low-level exposure from a diet rich in marine fish. For long-term low-level methylmercury exposure from fish consumption, mercury speciation in brain tissue shows methylmercury coordinated to an aliphatic thiolate, resembling the coordination environment observed in marine fish. In marked contrast, for short-term high-level exposure, we observe the presence of biologically less available mercuric selenide deposits, confirmed by X-ray fluorescence imaging, as well as mercury(II)-bis-thiolate complexes, which may be signatures of severe poisoning in humans. These differences between low-level and high-level exposures challenge the relevance of studies involving acute exposure as a proxy for low-level chronic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley K. James
- Toxicology Centre, 44 Campus Drive, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada.,Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Natalia V. Dolgova
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Susan Nehzati
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Malgorzata Korbas
- Canadian Light Source, 44 Innovation Blvd, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - Julien J. H. Cotelesage
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - John L. O’Donoghue
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, USA
| | - Gene E. Watson
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, USA.,Eastman Institute for Oral Health, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, USA
| | - Gary J. Myers
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, USA.,Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, USA
| | - Ingrid J. Pickering
- Toxicology Centre, 44 Campus Drive, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada.,Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada.,Corresponding Authors: Ingrid J. Pickering – Department of Geological Sciences, Toxicology Centre, and Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E2, Canada; , Graham N. George – Department of Geological Sciences, Toxicology Centre, and Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E2, Canada;
| | - Graham N. George
- Toxicology Centre, 44 Campus Drive, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada.,Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada.,Corresponding Authors: Ingrid J. Pickering – Department of Geological Sciences, Toxicology Centre, and Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E2, Canada; , Graham N. George – Department of Geological Sciences, Toxicology Centre, and Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E2, Canada;
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22
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Huyke DA, Ramachandran A, Ramirez-Neri O, Guerrero-Cruz JA, Gee LB, Braun A, Sokaras D, Garcia-Estrada B, Solomon EI, Hedman B, Delgado-Jaime MU, DePonte DP, Kroll T, Santiago JG. Millisecond timescale reactions observed via X-ray spectroscopy in a 3D microfabricated fused silica mixer. Corrigendum. J Synchrotron Radiat 2022; 29:930. [PMID: 35511027 PMCID: PMC9070710 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577522002806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A figure in the article by Huyke et al. [(2021), J. Synchrotron Rad. 28, 1100-1113] is corrected.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | | | - Edward I. Solomon
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Britt Hedman
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | | | - Daniel P. DePonte
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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23
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Nehzati S, Dolgova NV, Young CG, James AK, Cotelesage JJH, Sokaras D, Kroll T, Qureshi M, Pickering IJ, George GN. Mercury Lα1 High Energy Resolution Fluorescence Detected X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy: A Versatile Speciation Probe for Mercury. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:5201-5214. [PMID: 35073478 PMCID: PMC9962031 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mercury is in some sense an enigmatic element. The element and some of its compounds are a natural part of the biogeochemical cycle; while many of these can be deadly poisons at higher levels, environmental levels in the absence of anthropogenic contributions would generally be below the threshold for concern. However, mercury pollution, particularly from burning fossil fuels such as coal, is providing dramatic and increasing emissions into the environment. Because of this, the environmental chemistry and toxicology of mercury are of growing importance, with the fate of mercury being vitally dependent upon its speciation. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provides a powerful tool for in situ chemical speciation, but is severely limited by poor spectroscopic energy resolution. Here, we provide a systematic examination of mercury Lα1 high energy resolution fluorescence detected XAS (HERFD-XAS) as an approach for chemical speciation of mercury, in quantitative comparison with conventional Hg LIII-edge XAS. We show that, unlike some lighter elements, chemical shifts in the Lα1 X-ray fluorescence energy can be safely neglected, so that mercury Lα1 HERFD-XAS can be treated simply as a high-resolution version of conventional XAS. We present spectra of a range of mercury compounds that may be relevant to the environmental and life science research and show that density functional theory can produce adequate simulations of the spectra. We discuss strengths and limitations of the method and quantitatively demonstrate improvements both in speciation for complex mixtures and in background rejection for low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Nehzati
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada,Present Address: MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Fotongatan 2, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Natalia V. Dolgova
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada,Present Address: Calibr - California Institute for Biomedical Research, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Charles G. Young
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Ashley K. James
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada,Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Julien J. H. Cotelesage
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Muhammad Qureshi
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Ingrid J. Pickering
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada,Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada,Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada,Corresponding Author: ,
| | - Graham N. George
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada,Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada,Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada,Corresponding Author: ,
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24
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Zhang Y, Kroll T, Weninger C, Michine Y, Fuller FD, Zhu D, Alonso-Mori R, Sokaras D, Lutman AA, Halavanau A, Pellegrini C, Benediktovitch A, Yabashi M, Inoue I, Inubushi Y, Osaka T, Yamada J, Babu G, Salpekar D, Sayed FN, Ajayan PM, Kern J, Yano J, Yachandra VK, Yoneda H, Rohringer N, Bergmann U. Generation of intense phase-stable femtosecond hard X-ray pulse pairs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2119616119. [PMID: 35290124 PMCID: PMC8944280 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2119616119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Coherent nonlinear spectroscopies and imaging in the X-ray domain provide direct insight into the coupled motions of electrons and nuclei with resolution on the electronic length scale and timescale. The experimental realization of such techniques will strongly benefit from access to intense, coherent pairs of femtosecond X-ray pulses. We have observed phase-stable X-ray pulse pairs containing more than 3 × 107 photons at 5.9 keV (2.1 Å) with ∼1 fs duration and 2 to 5 fs separation. The highly directional pulse pairs are manifested by interference fringes in the superfluorescent and seeded stimulated manganese Kα emission induced by an X-ray free-electron laser. The fringes constitute the time-frequency X-ray analog of Young’s double-slit interference, allowing for frequency domain X-ray measurements with attosecond time resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Clemens Weninger
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund 224 84, Sweden
| | - Yurina Michine
- Institute for Laser Science, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu,Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Franklin D. Fuller
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Diling Zhu
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Alberto A. Lutman
- Linac & FEL Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Aliaksei Halavanau
- Accelerator Research Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Claudio Pellegrini
- Accelerator Research Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Andrei Benediktovitch
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - Makina Yabashi
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Ichiro Inoue
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Yuichi Inubushi
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Taito Osaka
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Jumpei Yamada
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Ganguli Babu
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
| | - Devashish Salpekar
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
| | - Farheen N. Sayed
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
| | - Pulickel M. Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
| | - Jan Kern
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Junko Yano
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Vittal K. Yachandra
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Hitoki Yoneda
- Institute for Laser Science, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu,Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Nina Rohringer
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg 22607, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg 20355, Germany
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706
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25
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Liekhus-Schmaltz C, Fox ZW, Andersen A, Kjaer KS, Alonso-Mori R, Biasin E, Carlstad J, Chollet M, Gaynor JD, Glownia JM, Hong K, Kroll T, Lee JH, Poulter BI, Reinhard M, Sokaras D, Zhang Y, Doumy G, March AM, Southworth SH, Mukamel S, Cordones AA, Schoenlein RW, Govind N, Khalil M. Femtosecond X-ray Spectroscopy Directly Quantifies Transient Excited-State Mixed Valency. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:378-386. [PMID: 34985900 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Quantifying charge delocalization associated with short-lived photoexcited states of molecular complexes in solution remains experimentally challenging, requiring local element specific femtosecond experimental probes of time-evolving electron transfer. In this study, we quantify the evolving valence hole charge distribution in the photoexcited charge transfer state of a prototypical mixed valence bimetallic iron-ruthenium complex, [(CN)5FeIICNRuIII(NH3)5]-, in water by combining femtosecond X-ray spectroscopy measurements with time-dependent density functional theory calculations of the excited-state dynamics. We estimate the valence hole charge that accumulated at the Fe atom to be 0.6 ± 0.2, resulting from excited-state metal-to-metal charge transfer, on an ∼60 fs time scale. Our combined experimental and computational approach provides a spectroscopic ruler for quantifying excited-state valency in solvated complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zachary W Fox
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Amity Andersen
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Kasper S Kjaer
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Elisa Biasin
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Julia Carlstad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Matthieu Chollet
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - James D Gaynor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - James M Glownia
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Kiryong Hong
- Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Thomas Kroll
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Jae Hyuk Lee
- Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Benjamin I Poulter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Marco Reinhard
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 94025, United States
| | - Gilles Doumy
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Anne Marie March
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Stephen H Southworth
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Shaul Mukamel
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 94025, United States
| | - Amy A Cordones
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Robert W Schoenlein
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Niranjan Govind
- Physical Sciences Division, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Munira Khalil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. P. Hersbach
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States of America
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Amanda C. Garcia
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States of America
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States of America
| | - Marc T. M. Koper
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Angel T. Garcia-Esparza
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States of America
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27
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Huyke DA, Ramachandran A, Ramirez-Neri O, Guerrero-Cruz JA, Gee LB, Braun A, Sokaras D, Garcia-Estrada B, Solomon EI, Hedman B, Delgado-Jaime MU, DePonte DP, Kroll T, Santiago JG. Millisecond timescale reactions observed via X-ray spectroscopy in a 3D microfabricated fused silica mixer. J Synchrotron Radiat 2021; 28:1100-1113. [PMID: 34212873 PMCID: PMC8284405 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577521003830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Determination of electronic structures during chemical reactions remains challenging in studies which involve reactions in the millisecond timescale, toxic chemicals, and/or anaerobic conditions. In this study, a three-dimensionally (3D) microfabricated microfluidic mixer platform that is compatible with time-resolved X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopy (XAS and XES, respectively) is presented. This platform, to initiate reactions and study their progression, mixes a high flow rate (0.50-1.5 ml min-1) sheath stream with a low-flow-rate (5-90 µl min-1) sample stream within a monolithic fused silica chip. The chip geometry enables hydrodynamic focusing of the sample stream in 3D and sample widths as small as 5 µm. The chip is also connected to a polyimide capillary downstream to enable sample stream deceleration, expansion, and X-ray detection. In this capillary, sample widths of 50 µm are demonstrated. Further, convection-diffusion-reaction models of the mixer are presented. The models are experimentally validated using confocal epifluorescence microscopy and XAS/XES measurements of a ferricyanide and ascorbic acid reaction. The models additionally enable prediction of the residence time and residence time uncertainty of reactive species as well as mixing times. Residence times (from initiation of mixing to the point of X-ray detection) during sample stream expansion as small as 2.1 ± 0.3 ms are also demonstrated. Importantly, an exploration of the mixer operational space reveals a theoretical minimum mixing time of 0.91 ms. The proposed platform is applicable to the determination of the electronic structure of conventionally inaccessible reaction intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | | | - Edward I. Solomon
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Britt Hedman
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | | | - Daniel P. DePonte
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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28
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Nehzati S, Dolgova NV, James AK, Cotelesage JJH, Sokaras D, Kroll T, George GN, Pickering IJ. High Energy Resolution Fluorescence Detected X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy: An Analytical Method for Selenium Speciation. Anal Chem 2021; 93:9235-9243. [PMID: 34164981 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Selenium is in many ways an enigmatic element. It is essential for health but toxic in excess, with the difference between the two doses being narrower than for any other element. Environmentally, selenium is of concern due to its toxicity. As the rarest of the essential elements, its low levels often provide challenges to the analytical chemist. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provides a powerful tool for in situ chemical speciation but is severely limited by poor spectroscopic resolution arising from core-hole lifetime broadening. Here we explore selenium Kα1 high energy resolution fluorescence detected XAS (HERFD-XAS) as a novel approach for chemical speciation of selenium, in comparison with conventional Se K-edge XAS. We present spectra of a range of selenium species relevant to environmental and life science studies, including spectra of seleno-amino acids, which show strong similarities with S K-edge XAS of their sulfur congeners. We discuss strengths and limitations of HERFD-XAS, showing improvements in both speciation performance and low concentration detection. We also develop a simple method to correct fluorescence self-absorption artifacts, which is generally applicable to any HERFD-XAS experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Nehzati
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Natalia V Dolgova
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Ashley K James
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada.,Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Julien J H Cotelesage
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Graham N George
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada.,Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Ingrid J Pickering
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada.,Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
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29
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Lu X, Ahsaine HA, Dereli B, Garcia-Esparza AT, Reinhard M, Shinagawa T, Li D, Adil K, Tchalala MR, Kroll T, Eddaoudi M, Sokaras D, Cavallo L, Takanabe K. Operando Elucidation on the Working State of Immobilized Fluorinated Iron Porphyrin for Selective Aqueous Electroreduction of CO 2 to CO. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Lu
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Hassan Ait Ahsaine
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) and Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 4700 KAUST, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Busra Dereli
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) and Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 4700 KAUST, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Angel T. Garcia-Esparza
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Marco Reinhard
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Tatsuya Shinagawa
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Duanxing Li
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Karim Adil
- Functional Materials Design, Discovery and Development Research Group (FMD3), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPMC), Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Rachid Tchalala
- Functional Materials Design, Discovery and Development Research Group (FMD3), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPMC), Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Mohamed Eddaoudi
- Functional Materials Design, Discovery and Development Research Group (FMD3), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPMC), Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) and Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 4700 KAUST, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kazuhiro Takanabe
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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30
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Abstract
The compounds of mercury can be highly toxic and can interfere with a range of biological processes, although many aspects of the mechanism of toxicity are still obscure or unknown. One especially intriguing property of Hg(II) is its ability to bind DNA directly, making interstrand cross-links between thymine nucleobases in AT-rich sequences. We have used a combination of small molecule X-ray diffraction, X-ray spectroscopies, and computational chemistry to study the interactions of Hg(II) with thymine. We find that the energetically preferred mode of thymine binding in DNA is to the N3 and predict only minor distortions of the DNA structure on binding one Hg(II) to two cross-adjacent thymine nucleotides. The preferred geometry is predicted to be twisted away from coplanar through a torsion angle of between 32 and 43°. Using 1-methylthymine as a model, the bis-thymine coordination of Hg(II) is found to give a highly characteristic X-ray spectroscopic signature that is quite distinct from other previously described biological modes of binding of Hg(II). This work enlarges and deepens our view of significant biological targets of Hg(II) and demonstrates tools that can provide a characteristic signature for the binding of Hg(II) to DNA in more complex matrices including intact cells and tissues, laying the foundation for future studies of mechanisms of mercury toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Nehzati
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Anne O Summers
- Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Natalia V Dolgova
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Jianfeng Zhu
- Saskatchewan Structural Sciences Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Ingrid J Pickering
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Graham N George
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
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31
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Biasin E, Fox ZW, Andersen A, Ledbetter K, Kjær KS, Alonso-Mori R, Carlstad JM, Chollet M, Gaynor JD, Glownia JM, Hong K, Kroll T, Lee JH, Liekhus-Schmaltz C, Reinhard M, Sokaras D, Zhang Y, Doumy G, March AM, Southworth SH, Mukamel S, Gaffney KJ, Schoenlein RW, Govind N, Cordones AA, Khalil M. Direct observation of coherent femtosecond solvent reorganization coupled to intramolecular electron transfer. Nat Chem 2021; 13:343-349. [PMID: 33589787 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-020-00629-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that the solvent plays a critical role in ultrafast electron-transfer reactions. However, solvent reorganization occurs on multiple length scales, and selectively measuring short-range solute-solvent interactions at the atomic level with femtosecond time resolution remains a challenge. Here we report femtosecond X-ray scattering and emission measurements following photoinduced charge-transfer excitation in a mixed-valence bimetallic (FeiiRuiii) complex in water, and their interpretation using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. Combined experimental and computational analysis reveals that the charge-transfer excited state has a lifetime of 62 fs and that coherent translational motions of the first solvation shell are coupled to the back electron transfer. Our molecular dynamics simulations identify that the observed coherent translational motions arise from hydrogen bonding changes between the solute and nearby water molecules upon photoexcitation, and have an amplitude of tenths of ångströms, 120-200 cm-1 frequency and ~100 fs relaxation time. This study provides an atomistic view of coherent solvent reorganization mediating ultrafast intramolecular electron transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Biasin
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
| | - Zachary W Fox
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Amity Andersen
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Kathryn Ledbetter
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Kasper S Kjær
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.,Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Julia M Carlstad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Matthieu Chollet
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - James D Gaynor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - James M Glownia
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Kiryong Hong
- Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Gas Metrology Group, Division of Chemical and Biological Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Jae Hyuk Lee
- Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Marco Reinhard
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Physics, and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.,Q-Chem, Pleasanton, CA, USA
| | - Gilles Doumy
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Anne Marie March
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Stephen H Southworth
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Shaul Mukamel
- Department of Chemistry, Physics, and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Kelly J Gaffney
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Robert W Schoenlein
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.,Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Niranjan Govind
- Physical Sciences Division, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA.
| | - Amy A Cordones
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
| | - Munira Khalil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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32
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Kroll T, Baker ML, Wilson SA, Lundberg M, Juhin A, Arrio MA, Yan JJ, Gee LB, Braun A, Weng TC, Sokaras D, Hedman B, Hodgson KO, Solomon EI. Effect of 3d/4p Mixing on 1s2p Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering: Electronic Structure of Oxo-Bridged Iron Dimers. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:4569-4584. [PMID: 33730507 PMCID: PMC8018712 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
1s2p resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (1s2p RIXS) has proven successful in the determination of the differential orbital covalency (DOC, the amount of metal vs ligand character in each d molecular orbital) of highly covalent centrosymmetric iron environments including heme models and enzymes. However, many reactive intermediates have noncentrosymmetric environments, e.g., the presence of strong metal-oxo bonds, which results in the mixing of metal 4p character into the 3d orbitals. This leads to significant intensity enhancement in the metal K-pre-edge and as shown here, the associated 1s2p RIXS features, which impact their insight into electronic structure. Binuclear oxo bridged high spin Fe(III) complexes are used to determine the effects of 4p mixing on 1s2p RIXS spectra. In addition to developing the analysis of 4p mixing on K-edge XAS and 1s2p RIXS data, this study explains the selective nature of the 4p mixing that also enhances the analysis of L-edge XAS intensity in terms of DOC. These 1s2p RIXS biferric model studies enable new structural insight from related data on peroxo bridged biferric enzyme intermediates. The dimeric nature of the oxo bridged Fe(III) complexes further results in ligand-to-ligand interactions between the Fe(III) sites and angle dependent features just above the pre-edge that reflect the superexchange pathway of the oxo bridge. Finally, we present a methodology that enables DOC to be obtained when L-edge XAS is inaccessible and only 1s2p RIXS experiments can be performed as in many metalloenzyme intermediates in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kroll
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Michael L Baker
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel A Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Marcus Lundberg
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Amélie Juhin
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UMR7590, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC) Univ Paris 06, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, IRD UMR206, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Anne Arrio
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UMR7590, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC) Univ Paris 06, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, IRD UMR206, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - James J Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Leland B Gee
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Augustin Braun
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Tsu-Chien Weng
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Britt Hedman
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Keith O Hodgson
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Edward I Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
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33
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Affiliation(s)
- K B Cunningham
- Dr, Division of Population and Behavioural Sciences, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Scotland, KY16 9TF, UK
| | - T Kroll
- Professor, UCD Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Education and Innovation in Health Systems (UCD IRIS), UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, UCD Health Sciences Centre, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Wells
- Professor, Nursing Directorate, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK
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34
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Biasin E, Fox ZW, Andersen A, Ledbetter K, Kjær KS, Alonso-Mori R, Carlstad JM, Chollet M, Gaynor JD, Glownia JM, Hong K, Kroll T, Lee JH, Liekhus-Schmaltz C, Reinhard M, Sokaras D, Zhang Y, Doumy G, March AM, Southworth SH, Mukamel S, Gaffney KJ, Schoenlein RW, Govind N, Cordones AA, Khalil M. Author Correction: Direct observation of coherent femtosecond solvent reorganization coupled to intramolecular electron transfer. Nat Chem 2021; 14:474. [PMID: 33627886 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00663-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Biasin
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
| | - Zachary W Fox
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Amity Andersen
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Kathryn Ledbetter
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Kasper S Kjær
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.,Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Julia M Carlstad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Matthieu Chollet
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - James D Gaynor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - James M Glownia
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Kiryong Hong
- Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Gas Metrology Group, Division of Chemical and Biological Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Jae Hyuk Lee
- Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Marco Reinhard
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Physics, and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.,Q-Chem, Pleasanton, CA, USA
| | - Gilles Doumy
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Anne Marie March
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Stephen H Southworth
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Shaul Mukamel
- Department of Chemistry, Physics, and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Kelly J Gaffney
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Robert W Schoenlein
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.,Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Niranjan Govind
- Physical Sciences Division, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA.
| | - Amy A Cordones
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
| | - Munira Khalil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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35
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Biasin E, Nascimento DR, Poulter BI, Abraham B, Kunnus K, Garcia-Esparza AT, Nowak SH, Kroll T, Schoenlein RW, Alonso-Mori R, Khalil M, Govind N, Sokaras D. Revealing the bonding of solvated Ru complexes with valence-to-core resonant inelastic X-ray scattering. Chem Sci 2021; 12:3713-3725. [PMID: 34163645 PMCID: PMC8179428 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06227h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ru-complexes are widely studied because of their use in biological applications and photoconversion technologies. We reveal novel insights into the chemical bonding of a series of Ru(ii)- and Ru(iii)-complexes by leveraging recent advances in high-energy-resolution tender X-ray spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. We perform Ru 2p4d resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) to probe the valence excitations in dilute solvated Ru-complexes. Combining these experiments with a newly developed theoretical approach based on time-dependent density functional theory, we assign the spectral features and quantify the metal-ligand bonding interactions. The valence-to-core RIXS features uniquely identify the metal-centered and charge transfer states and allow extracting the ligand-field splitting for all the complexes. The combined experimental and theoretical approach described here is shown to reliably characterize the ground and excited valence states of Ru complexes, and serve as a basis for future investigations of ruthenium, or other 4d metals active sites, in biological and chemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Biasin
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park CA 94025 USA
| | - Daniel R Nascimento
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland Washington 99352 USA
| | - Benjamin I Poulter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington Seattle Washington 98195 USA
| | - Baxter Abraham
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California 94025 USA
| | - Kristjan Kunnus
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park CA 94025 USA
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park CA 94025 USA
| | | | - Stanislaw H Nowak
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California 94025 USA
| | - Thomas Kroll
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California 94025 USA
| | - Robert W Schoenlein
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park CA 94025 USA
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park CA 94025 USA
| | | | - Munira Khalil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington Seattle Washington 98195 USA
| | - Niranjan Govind
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland Washington 99352 USA
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36
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Phu PN, Gutierrez CE, Kundu S, Sokaras D, Kroll T, Warren TH, Stieber SCE. Quantification of Ni-N-O Bond Angles and NO Activation by X-ray Emission Spectroscopy. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:736-744. [PMID: 33373520 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of β-diketiminate Ni-NO complexes with a range of NO binding modes and oxidation states were studied by X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES). The results demonstrate that XES can directly probe and distinguish end-on vs side-on NO coordination modes as well as one-electron NO reduction. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the transition from the NO 2s2s σ* orbital has higher intensity for end-on NO coordination than for side-on NO coordination, whereas the 2s2s σ orbital has lower intensity. XES calculations in which the Ni-N-O bond angle was fixed over the range from 80° to 176° suggest that differences in NO coordination angles of ∼10° could be experimentally distinguished. Calculations of Cu nitrite reductase (NiR) demonstrate the utility of XES for characterizing NO intermediates in metalloenzymes. This work shows the capability of XES to distinguish NO coordination modes and oxidation states at Ni and highlights applications in quantifying small molecule activation in enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phan N Phu
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California 91768, United States
| | - Carlos E Gutierrez
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California 91768, United States
| | - Subrata Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Box 571227, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States.,School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Timothy H Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Box 571227, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - S Chantal E Stieber
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California 91768, United States
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37
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Qureshi M, Nowak SH, Vogt LI, Cotelesage JJH, Dolgova NV, Sharifi S, Kroll T, Nordlund D, Alonso-Mori R, Weng TC, Pickering IJ, George GN, Sokaras D. Sulfur Kβ X-ray emission spectroscopy: comparison with sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy for speciation of organosulfur compounds. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 23:4500-4508. [PMID: 33355326 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05323f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Until recently, sulfur was known as a "spectroscopically silent" element because of a paucity of convenient spectroscopic probes suitable for in situ chemical speciation. In recent years the technique of sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) has been used extensively in sulfur speciation in a variety of different fields. With an initial focus on reduced forms of organic sulfur, we have explored a complementary X-ray based spectroscopy - sulfur Kβ X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) - as a potential analytical tool for sulfur speciation in complex samples. We compare and contrast the sensitivity of sulfur Kβ XES with that of sulfur K-edge XAS, and find differing sensitivities for the two techniques. In some cases an approach involving both sulfur K-edge XAS and sulfur Kβ XES may be a powerful combination for deducing sulfur speciation in samples containing complex mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Qureshi
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.
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38
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Lim H, Baker ML, Cowley RE, Kim S, Bhadra M, Siegler MA, Kroll T, Sokaras D, Weng TC, Biswas DR, Dooley DM, Karlin KD, Hedman B, Hodgson KO, Solomon EI. Kβ X-ray Emission Spectroscopy as a Probe of Cu(I) Sites: Application to the Cu(I) Site in Preprocessed Galactose Oxidase. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:16567-16581. [PMID: 33136386 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cu(I) active sites in metalloproteins are involved in O2 activation, but their O2 reactivity is difficult to study due to the Cu(I) d10 closed shell which precludes the use of conventional spectroscopic methods. Kβ X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) is a promising technique for investigating Cu(I) sites as it detects photons emitted by electronic transitions from occupied orbitals. Here, we demonstrate the utility of Kβ XES in probing Cu(I) sites in model complexes and a metalloprotein. Using Cu(I)Cl, emission features from double-ionization (DI) states are identified using varying incident X-ray photon energies, and a reasonable method to correct the data to remove DI contributions is presented. Kβ XES spectra of Cu(I) model complexes, having biologically relevant N/S ligands and different coordination numbers, are compared and analyzed, with the aid of density functional theory (DFT) calculations, to evaluate the sensitivity of the spectral features to the ligand environment. While the low-energy Kβ2,5 emission feature reflects the ionization energy of ligand np valence orbitals, the high-energy Kβ2,5 emission feature corresponds to transitions from molecular orbitals (MOs) having mainly Cu 3d character with the intensities determined by ligand-mediated d-p mixing. A Kβ XES spectrum of the Cu(I) site in preprocessed galactose oxidase (GOpre) supports the 1Tyr/2His structural model that was determined by our previous X-ray absorption spectroscopy and DFT study. The high-energy Kβ2,5 emission feature in the Cu(I)-GOpre data has information about the MO containing mostly Cu 3dx2-y2 character that is the frontier molecular orbital (FMO) for O2 activation, which shows the potential of Kβ XES in probing the Cu(I) FMO associated with small-molecule activation in metalloproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongtaek Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Michael L Baker
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ryan E Cowley
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Sunghee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Mayukh Bhadra
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Maxime A Siegler
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Tsu-Chien Weng
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Dalia R Biswas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - David M Dooley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States.,University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Kenneth D Karlin
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Britt Hedman
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Keith O Hodgson
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.,Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Edward I Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.,Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
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39
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Summers KL, Pushie MJ, Sopasis GJ, James AK, Dolgova NV, Sokaras D, Kroll T, Harris HH, Pickering IJ, George GN. Solution Chemistry of Copper(II) Binding to Substituted 8-Hydroxyquinolines. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:13858-13874. [PMID: 32936627 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
8-Hydroxyquinolines (8HQs) are a family of lipophilic metal ion chelators that have been used in a range of analytical and pharmaceutical applications over the last 100 years. More recently, CQ (clioquinol; 5-chloro-7-iodo-8-hydroxyquinoline) and PBT2 (5,7-dichloro-2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-8-hydroxyquinoline) have undergone clinical trials for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease. Because CQ and PBT2 appear to redistribute metals into cells, these compounds have been redefined as copper and zinc ionophores. Despite the attention surrounding the clinical trials and the clear link between 8HQs and metals, the fundamental solution chemistry of how these compounds bind divalent metals such as copper and zinc, as well as their mechanism(s) of action in mammalian systems, remains poorly understood. In this study, we used a combination of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), high-energy resolution fluorescence detected (HERFD) XAS, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and UV-visible absorption spectroscopies to investigate the aqueous solution chemistry of a range of 8HQ derivatives. To circumvent the known solubility issues with 8HQ compounds and their complexes with Cu(II), and to avoid the use of abiological organic solvents, we have devised a surfactant buffer system to investigate these Cu(II) complexes in aqueous solution. Our study comprises the first comprehensive investigation of the Cu(II) complexes formed with many 8HQs of interest in aqueous solution, and it provides the first structural information on some of these complexes. We find that halogen substitutions in 8HQ derivatives appear to have little effect on the Cu(II) coordination environment; 5,7-dihalogenated 8HQ conformers all have a pseudo square planar Cu(II) bound by two quinolin-8-olate anions, in agreement with previous studies. Conversely, substituents in the 2-position of the 8HQ moiety appear to cause significant distortions from the typical square-planar-like coordination of most Cu(II)-bis-8HQ complexes, such that the 8HQ moieties in the Cu(II)-bis-8HQ complex are rotated approximately 30-40° apart in a "propeller-like" arrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L Summers
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - M Jake Pushie
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - George J Sopasis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Ashley K James
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada.,Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Natalia V Dolgova
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Hugh H Harris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Ingrid J Pickering
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada.,Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Graham N George
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
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40
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Abstract
Abstract
Background
In many developed countries, homelessness remains an intractable challenge for intersectoral policies. People who are homeless struggle with a myriad of problems. They frequently experience stigmatisation and social marginalisation. Physical and mental health may be severely compromised, and it could be challenging to retain a sense of personal agency.
Objectives.
To co-design a personal and organisational development training course, in collaboration with clients and staff of a homeless service provider. To ensure that homeless individuals develop strategies and supports to help them navigate complex life circumstances. 6 three-hour workshops, informed by design-thinking. Each workshop session was co-designed (2 clients of a homeless charity, one staff member of staff, and two academics) in Ireland. Workshops followed the design cycle, starting with empathy exercises, then moved to define specific life challenges related to homelessness. Solution-focused ideation sessions followed. The team proceeded then to build a testable 'prototype'.
Results
The team jointly developed a high degree of creative confidence and shared responsibility for different sessions. The team developed a 'peer-support programme' as a tangible output. Academic team members gained deep insights into the lived experience of homelessness; client members deployed skills and experiences and gained renewed confidence in their abilities. The homeless charity proceeds with testing the 'peer-support' programme prototype.
Conclusions
We expect the Access and Life-Long learning programme at the university will offer the programme as a credit-bearing course. Its acceptability and usability will be tested.
Key messages
Homeless individuals can be meaningfully involved in designing services that empower them to navigate complex systems. Design thinking yields personal and organisational benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kroll
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - K Frazer
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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41
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Kroll T, Weninger C, Fuller FD, Guetg MW, Benediktovitch A, Zhang Y, Marinelli A, Alonso-Mori R, Aquila A, Liang M, Koglin JE, Koralek J, Sokaras D, Zhu D, Kern J, Yano J, Yachandra VK, Rohringer N, Lutman A, Bergmann U. Observation of Seeded Mn Kβ Stimulated X-Ray Emission Using Two-Color X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Pulses. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:037404. [PMID: 32745427 PMCID: PMC7808879 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.037404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Kβ x-ray emission spectroscopy is a powerful probe for electronic structure analysis of 3d transition metal systems and their ultrafast dynamics. Selectively enhancing specific spectral regions would increase this sensitivity and provide fundamentally new insights. Recently we reported the observation and analysis of Kα amplified spontaneous x-ray emission from Mn solutions using an x-ray free-electron laser to create the 1s core-hole population inversion [Kroll et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 133203 (2018)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.120.133203]. To apply this new approach to the chemically more sensitive but much weaker Kβ x-ray emission lines requires a mechanism to outcompete the dominant amplification of the Kα emission. Here we report the observation of seeded amplified Kβ x-ray emission from a NaMnO_{4} solution using two colors of x-ray free-electron laser pulses, one to create the 1s core-hole population inversion and the other to seed the amplified Kβ emission. Comparing the observed seeded amplified Kβ emission signal with that from conventional Kβ emission into the same solid angle, we obtain a signal enhancement of more than 10^{5}. Our findings are the first important step of enhancing and controlling the emission of selected final states of the Kβ spectrum with applications in chemical and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kroll
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Clemens Weninger
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Franklin D. Fuller
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Marc W. Guetg
- Accelerator Directorate, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | | | - Yu Zhang
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Agostino Marinelli
- Accelerator Directorate, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Andy Aquila
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Mengning Liang
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Jason E. Koglin
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Jake Koralek
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Diling Zhu
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Jan Kern
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence, Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Junko Yano
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence, Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Vittal K. Yachandra
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence, Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Nina Rohringer
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alberto Lutman
- Accelerator Directorate, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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42
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James AK, Nehzati S, Dolgova NV, Sokaras D, Kroll T, O'Donoghue JL, Watson GE, Myers GJ, Krone PH, Pickering IJ, George GN. Reply to Comments on "Rethinking the Minamata Tragedy: What Mercury Species Was Really Responsible?". Environ Sci Technol 2020; 54:8488-8490. [PMID: 32559084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c02742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley K James
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Susan Nehzati
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Fotongatan 2, 224 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Natalia V Dolgova
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - John L O'Donoghue
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Gene E Watson
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Gary J Myers
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
- Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Patrick H Krone
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Ingrid J Pickering
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Graham N George
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
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43
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James AK, Nehzati S, Dolgova NV, Sokaras D, Kroll T, O'Donoghue JL, Watson GE, Myers GJ, Krone PH, Pickering IJ, George GN. Reply to Comments on "Rethinking the Minamata Tragedy: What Mercury Species Was Really Responsible?". Environ Sci Technol 2020; 54:8484-8485. [PMID: 32511907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c03061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley K James
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Susan Nehzati
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Fotongatan 2, 224 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Natalia V Dolgova
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - John L O'Donoghue
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Gene E Watson
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Gary J Myers
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
- Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Patrick H Krone
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Ingrid J Pickering
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Graham N George
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
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44
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Donnelly S, Kroll T, Mannan H, DIX C, Wilson AG. PARE0033 I’M HERE BUT I’M NOT: A PHOTOVOICE STUDY OF THE LIVED EXPERIENCE OF SELF-MANAGING RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.4198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a widespread chronic disease affecting about 1% of the population in the West. It is characterised by pain, fatigue and inflammation that can flare-up without warning. This makes the condition difficult to predict and manage. Bury (1982) introduced the concept of chronic illness as a disruptive experience to one’s self-identity. This is often an invisible part of managing the illness and taken for granted by others, such as family members, friends and health care professionals. Thus, there is a need to raise awareness of the patients’ lived experiences of self-managing this long-term chronic illness.Objectives:We aimed to collaborate with people with RA to (i) record and reflect the community’s strengths and concerns; (ii) raise awareness of the lived experience of self-managing RA (iii) spark a dialogue among key stakeholders around the self-management of RA.Methods:A purposeful sample of people with RA (n=12) was recruited. An innovative qualitative methodology, Photovoice, was used (Wang & Burris, 1997). A series of small group workshops took place. Participants were provided with cameras and appropriate training. They were asked to take photographs of the“challenges and solutions to living with RA” over approximately two weeks. Semi-structured interviews were conducted incorporating photo elicitation. As a group, the participants, a visual artist and researcher co-created a photo exhibition for the public.Results:Participants selected 32 photographs for the exhibition. They carried out a thematic analysis of the photos identifying four themes:•I’m Here but I’m Not– this theme reflected feelings of alienation and social isolation.•Medicine in all its forms –this theme captured attitudes towards medication and devices, as well as the creative ways people coped with RA.•Visible illness– this concerned the recognition of RA. It captures the experience of RA as a “contested illness” and the challenge of gaining medical and cultural legitimacy.•Mind yourself –this theme highlighted the value of self-care, often closely connected with the natural world and engagement with social activities.Exhibitions were held at a community arts centre and a large central hospital in Dublin city. A plain language report was also collaboratively produced.Conclusion:This study shows how participatory methods can be used to explore the hidden experience of living with an invisible illness. This research design enabled participants to use photographs to reflect on their experiences and the meaning they intended to convey, thereby increasing trustworthiness of the findings through individual and group member checking. This approach extends beyond traditional written and verbal responses to share the worldview of participants. It demonstrates how to work with patients to create opportunities to improve awareness and spark dialogue among those who play a role in supporting the self-management of chronic illness. The integration of creative arts and participatory methods can have a positive impact for those involved in research and can enhance public engagement with research.References:[1]Bury, Michael (1982) Chronic Illness as Biographical Disruption. Sociology of Health & Illness. 4. 167-82.[2]Wang, C., & Burris, M. A. (1997). Photovoice: Concept, Methodology, and Use for Participatory Needs Assessment.Health Education & Behavior,24(3), 369–387.Acknowledgments:Funding is awarded from the UCD Wellcome Trust Institutional Strategic Support Fund as part of a Medical Humanities and Social Science Collaboration Scheme (ref 204844/Z/16/Z).As part of a Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) strand, a Research Advisory Group composed of people living with RA was supported the design and execution of this project.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Dewey C, Sokaras D, Kroll T, Bargar JR, Fendorf S. Calcium-Uranyl-Carbonato Species Kinetically Limit U(VI) Reduction by Fe(II) and Lead to U(V)-Bearing Ferrihydrite. Environ Sci Technol 2020; 54:6021-6030. [PMID: 32315524 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b05870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Reaction conditions and mechanisms promoting or inhibiting U reduction exert a central control on U solubility and, therefore, U transport and its associated risks. Here, we vary and track common aqueous uranium species to show that a kinetic restriction inhibits homogeneous reduction of the calcium-uranyl-carbonato species (CaUO2(CO3)32- and Ca2UO2(CO3)3) by Fe(II)(aq), while ferrihydrite surface-catalyzed reduction of all aqueous uranyl by Fe(II) proceeds. Using U L3 high energy resolution fluorescence detection (HERFD) X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy, U L3 extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we also show that U(V) is generated and incorporated into ferrihydrite formed from homogeneous U(VI) reduction by Fe(II)(aq). Through elucidation of the mechanisms that inhibit reduction of the calcium-uranyl-carbonato species and promote stabilization of U(V), we advance our understanding of the controls on U solubility and thus improve prediction of U transport in surface and subsurface systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Dewey
- Earth System Science Department, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Thomas Kroll
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - John R Bargar
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Scott Fendorf
- Earth System Science Department, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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Frazer K, Paul G, Kroll T. Learning from Nightingale’s engagement with complex systems: 21st-century public health issues of homelessness and achieving Sustainable Development Goals. Perspect Public Health 2020; 140:139-140. [DOI: 10.1177/1757913920914653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Frazer
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - G Paul
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - T Kroll
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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James AK, Nehzati S, Dolgova NV, Sokaras D, Kroll T, Eto K, O'Donoghue JL, Watson GE, Myers GJ, Krone PH, Pickering IJ, George GN. Rethinking the Minamata Tragedy: What Mercury Species Was Really Responsible? Environ Sci Technol 2020; 54:2726-2733. [PMID: 31951385 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b06253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Industrial release of mercury into the local Minamata environment with consequent poisoning of local communities through contaminated fish and shellfish consumption is considered the classic case of environmental mercury poisoning. However, the mercury species in the factory effluent has proved controversial, originally suggested as inorganic, and more recently as methylmercury species. We used newly available methods to re-examine the cerebellum of historic Cat 717, which was fed factory effluent mixed with food to confirm the source. Synchrotron high-energy-resolution fluorescence detection-X-ray absorption spectroscopy revealed sulfur-bound organometallic mercury with a minor β-HgS phase. Density functional theory indicated energetic preference for α-mercuri-acetaldehyde as a waste product of aldehyde production. The consequences of this alternative species in the "classic" mercury poisoning should be re-evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley K James
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Susan Nehzati
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Natalia V Dolgova
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Komyo Eto
- National Institute for Minamata Disease, Ministry of the Environment,, Kumamoto 867-0008, Japan
| | - John L O'Donoghue
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Gene E Watson
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Gary J Myers
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
- Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Patrick H Krone
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Ingrid J Pickering
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Graham N George
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada
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Nowak SH, Armenta R, Schwartz CP, Gallo A, Abraham B, Garcia-Esparza AT, Biasin E, Prado A, Maciel A, Zhang D, Day D, Christensen S, Kroll T, Alonso-Mori R, Nordlund D, Weng TC, Sokaras D. A versatile Johansson-type tender x-ray emission spectrometer. Rev Sci Instrum 2020; 91:033101. [PMID: 32259983 DOI: 10.1063/1.5121853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We present a high energy resolution x-ray spectrometer for the tender x-ray regime (1.6-5.0 keV) that was designed and operated at Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource. The instrument is developed on a Rowland geometry (500 mm of radius) using cylindrically bent Johansson analyzers and a position sensitive detector. By placing the sample inside the Rowland circle, the spectrometer operates in an energy-dispersive mode with a subnatural line-width energy resolution (∼0.32 eV at 2400 eV), even when an extended incident x-ray beam is used across a wide range of diffraction angles (∼30° to 65°). The spectrometer is enclosed in a vacuum chamber, and a sample chamber with independent ambient conditions is introduced to enable a versatile and fast-access sample environment (e.g., solid/gas/liquid samples, in situ cells, and radioactive materials). The design, capabilities, and performance are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Nowak
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R Armenta
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - C P Schwartz
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A Gallo
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - B Abraham
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A T Garcia-Esparza
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - E Biasin
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A Prado
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A Maciel
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - D Zhang
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - D Day
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Christensen
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - T Kroll
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R Alonso-Mori
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - D Nordlund
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - T-C Weng
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - D Sokaras
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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Pickering IJ, Cheng Q, Rengifo EM, Nehzati S, Dolgova NV, Kroll T, Sokaras D, George GN, Arnér ESJ. Direct Observation of Methylmercury and Auranofin Binding to Selenocysteine in Thioredoxin Reductase. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:2711-2718. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Qing Cheng
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | | | - Elias S. J. Arnér
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden
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Huyke DA, Ramachandran A, Oyarzun DI, Kroll T, DePonte DP, Santiago JG. On the competition between mixing rate and uniformity in a coaxial hydrodynamic focusing mixer. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1103:1-10. [PMID: 32081173 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fast microfluidic mixers for use with line-of-sight integrating detection schemes pose unique challenges. Such detectors typically cannot discriminate signal from slow moving (e.g. near internal walls) and fast-moving portions of the fluid stream. This convolves reaction rate dynamics with fluid flow residence time dynamics. Further, the small cross sections of typical three-dimensional hydrodynamic focusing devices lead to lower detection signals. The current study focuses on achieving both small time scales of mixing and homogenous residence times. This is achieved by injecting sample through a center capillary and hydrodynamically focusing using a sheath flow within a tapered second capillary. The current design also features a third, larger coaxial capillary. The mixed stream flows into the large cross-section of this third capillary to decelerate and expand the stream by up to 14-fold to improve line-of-sight signal strength of reaction products. Hydrodynamic focusing, mixing, and expansion are studied using analytical and numerical models and also studied experimentally using a fluorescein-iodide quenching reaction. The experimentally validated models are used to explore trade-offs between mixing rate and uniformity. For the first time, this work presents detailed analysis of the Lagrangian time history of species transport during mixing inside coaxial capillaries to measure mixing nonuniformity. The mixing region enables order 100 μs mixing times and residence time widths of the same order (140 μs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Huyke
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ashwin Ramachandran
- Department of Aeronautics & Astronautics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Diego I Oyarzun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Thomas Kroll
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Daniel P DePonte
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Juan G Santiago
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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