1
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Go S, Tsuzuki Y, Yoneda H, Ichikawa Y, Ikeda T, Imai N, Imamura K, Niikura M, Nishimura D, Mizuno R, Takeda S, Ueno H, Watanabe S, Saito TY, Shimoura S, Sugawara S, Takamine A, Takahashi T. Demonstration of nuclear gamma-ray polarimetry based on a multi-layer CdTe Compton camera. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2573. [PMID: 38336981 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52692-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
To detect and track structural changes in atomic nuclei, the systematic study of nuclear levels with firm spin-parity assignments is important. While linear polarization measurements have been applied to determine the electromagnetic character of gamma-ray transitions, the applicable range is strongly limited due to the low efficiency of the detection system. The multi-layer Cadmium-Telluride (CdTe) Compton camera can be a state-of-the-art gamma-ray polarimeter for nuclear spectroscopy with the high position sensitivity and the detection efficiency. We demonstrated the capability to operate this detector as a reliable gamma-ray polarimeter by using polarized 847-keV gamma rays produced by the [Formula: see text]([Formula: see text]) reaction. By combining the experimental data and simulated calculations, the modulation curve for the gamma ray was successfully obtained. A remarkably high polarization sensitivity was achieved, compatible with a reasonable detection efficiency. Based on the obtained results, a possible future gamma-ray polarimetery is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Go
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan.
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Y Tsuzuki
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - H Yoneda
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
- Lehrstuhl für Astronomie, Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Str. 31, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Y Ichikawa
- Department of Physics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - T Ikeda
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - N Imai
- Center for Nuclear Study, The University of Tokyo, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - K Imamura
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - M Niikura
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - D Nishimura
- Department of Natural Sciences, Tokyo City University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - R Mizuno
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Takeda
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - H Ueno
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - S Watanabe
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - T Y Saito
- Center for Nuclear Study, The University of Tokyo, Wako, Saitama, Japan
- Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - S Shimoura
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
- Center for Nuclear Study, The University of Tokyo, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - S Sugawara
- Department of Natural Sciences, Tokyo City University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Takamine
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - T Takahashi
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
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2
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Doyle MD, Halavanau A, Zhang Y, Michine Y, Everts J, Fuller F, Alonso-Mori R, Yabashi M, Inoue IC, Osaka T, Yamada J, Inubushi Y, Hara T, Kern J, Yano J, Yachandra VK, Rohringer N, Yoneda H, Kroll T, Pellegrini C, Bergmann U. Seeded stimulated X-ray emission at 5.9 keV. Optica 2023; 10:513-519. [PMID: 38239819 PMCID: PMC10795508 DOI: 10.1364/optica.485989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) provide intense pulses that can generate stimulated X-ray emission, a phenomenon that has been observed and studied in materials ranging from neon to copper. Two schemes have been employed: amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) and seeded stimulated emission (SSE), where a second color XFEL pulse provides the seed. Both phenomena are currently explored for coherent X-ray laser sources and spectroscopy. Here, we report measurements of ASE and SSE of the 5.9 keV Mn Kα1 fluorescence line from a 3.9 molar NaMnO4 solution, pumped with 7 femtosecond FWHM XFEL pulses at 6.6 keV. We observed ASE at a pump pulse intensity of 1.7 × 1019 W/cm2, consistent with earlier findings. We observed SSE at dramatically reduced pump pulse intensities down to 1.1 × 1017 W/cm2. These intensities are well within the range of many existing XFEL instruments, which supports the experimental feasibility of SSE as a tool to generate coherent X-ray pulses, spectroscopic studies of transition metal complexes, and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret D. Doyle
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Aliaksei Halavanau
- Accelerator Research Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Yurina Michine
- Institute for Laser Science, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Joshua Everts
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 9402, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Franklin Fuller
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Makina Yabashi
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - IChiro Inoue
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Taito Osaka
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Jumpei Yamada
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Yuichi Inubushi
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Toru Hara
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Jan Kern
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Junko Yano
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Vittal K. Yachandra
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Nina Rohringer
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg 22607, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg 20355, Germany
| | - Hitoki Yoneda
- Institute for Laser Science, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 9402, USA
| | - Claudio Pellegrini
- Accelerator Research Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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3
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Zhang Y, Kroll T, Weninger C, Michine Y, Fuller FD, Zhu D, Alonso-Mori R, Sokaras D, Lutman AA, Halavanau A, Pellegrini C, Benediktovitch A, Yabashi M, Inoue I, Inubushi Y, Osaka T, Yamada J, Babu G, Salpekar D, Sayed FN, Ajayan PM, Kern J, Yano J, Yachandra VK, Yoneda H, Rohringer N, Bergmann U. Generation of intense phase-stable femtosecond hard X-ray pulse pairs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2119616119. [PMID: 35290124 PMCID: PMC8944280 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2119616119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Coherent nonlinear spectroscopies and imaging in the X-ray domain provide direct insight into the coupled motions of electrons and nuclei with resolution on the electronic length scale and timescale. The experimental realization of such techniques will strongly benefit from access to intense, coherent pairs of femtosecond X-ray pulses. We have observed phase-stable X-ray pulse pairs containing more than 3 × 107 photons at 5.9 keV (2.1 Å) with ∼1 fs duration and 2 to 5 fs separation. The highly directional pulse pairs are manifested by interference fringes in the superfluorescent and seeded stimulated manganese Kα emission induced by an X-ray free-electron laser. The fringes constitute the time-frequency X-ray analog of Young’s double-slit interference, allowing for frequency domain X-ray measurements with attosecond time resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Clemens Weninger
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund 224 84, Sweden
| | - Yurina Michine
- Institute for Laser Science, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu,Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Franklin D. Fuller
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Diling Zhu
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Alberto A. Lutman
- Linac & FEL Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Aliaksei Halavanau
- Accelerator Research Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Claudio Pellegrini
- Accelerator Research Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
| | - Andrei Benediktovitch
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - Makina Yabashi
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Ichiro Inoue
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Yuichi Inubushi
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Taito Osaka
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Jumpei Yamada
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Ganguli Babu
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
| | - Devashish Salpekar
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
| | - Farheen N. Sayed
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
| | - Pulickel M. Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
| | - Jan Kern
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Junko Yano
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Vittal K. Yachandra
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Hitoki Yoneda
- Institute for Laser Science, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu,Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Nina Rohringer
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg 22607, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg 20355, Germany
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706
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4
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Yamazaki R, Matsukiyo S, Morita T, Tanaka SJ, Umeda T, Aihara K, Edamoto M, Egashira S, Hatsuyama R, Higuchi T, Hihara T, Horie Y, Hoshino M, Ishii A, Ishizaka N, Itadani Y, Izumi T, Kambayashi S, Kakuchi S, Katsuki N, Kawamura R, Kawamura Y, Kisaka S, Kojima T, Konuma A, Kumar R, Minami T, Miyata I, Moritaka T, Murakami Y, Nagashima K, Nakagawa Y, Nishimoto T, Nishioka Y, Ohira Y, Ohnishi N, Ota M, Ozaki N, Sano T, Sakai K, Sei S, Shiota J, Shoji Y, Sugiyama K, Suzuki D, Takagi M, Toda H, Tomita S, Tomiya S, Yoneda H, Takezaki T, Tomita K, Kuramitsu Y, Sakawa Y. High-power laser experiment forming a supercritical collisionless shock in a magnetized uniform plasma at rest. Phys Rev E 2022; 105:025203. [PMID: 35291161 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.105.025203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We present an experimental method to generate quasiperpendicular supercritical magnetized collisionless shocks. In our experiment, ambient nitrogen (N) plasma is at rest and well magnetized, and it has uniform mass density. The plasma is pushed by laser-driven ablation aluminum (Al) plasma. Streaked optical pyrometry and spatially resolved laser collective Thomson scattering clarify structures of plasma density and temperatures, which are compared with one-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. It is indicated that just after the laser irradiation, the Al plasma is magnetized by a self-generated Biermann battery field, and the plasma slaps the incident N plasma. The compressed external field in the N plasma reflects N ions, leading to counterstreaming magnetized N flows. Namely, we identify the edge of the reflected N ions. Such interacting plasmas form a magnetized collisionless shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Yamazaki
- Department of Physical Sciences, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - S Matsukiyo
- Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-Koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - T Morita
- Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-Koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - S J Tanaka
- Department of Physical Sciences, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - T Umeda
- Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
| | - K Aihara
- Department of Physical Sciences, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - M Edamoto
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
| | - S Egashira
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikane-yama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - R Hatsuyama
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
| | - T Higuchi
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
| | - T Hihara
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y Horie
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
| | - M Hoshino
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - A Ishii
- Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
| | - N Ishizaka
- Department of Physical Sciences, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - Y Itadani
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
| | - T Izumi
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikane-yama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - S Kambayashi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - S Kakuchi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - N Katsuki
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
| | - R Kawamura
- Department of Physical Sciences, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - Y Kawamura
- Department of Physical Sciences, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - S Kisaka
- Department of Physical Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - T Kojima
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
| | - A Konuma
- Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - R Kumar
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikane-yama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - T Minami
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - I Miyata
- Department of Physical Sciences, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - T Moritaka
- Fundamental Physics Simulation Research Division, National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y Murakami
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
| | - K Nagashima
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
| | - Y Nakagawa
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikane-yama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - T Nishimoto
- School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y Nishioka
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
| | - Y Ohira
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - N Ohnishi
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - M Ota
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikane-yama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - N Ozaki
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - T Sano
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - K Sakai
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - S Sei
- Department of Physical Sciences, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - J Shiota
- Department of Physical Sciences, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - Y Shoji
- Department of Physical Sciences, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - K Sugiyama
- Department of Physical Sciences, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - D Suzuki
- Department of Physical Sciences, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - M Takagi
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
| | - H Toda
- Department of Physical Sciences, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - S Tomita
- Astronomical Institute, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - S Tomiya
- Department of Physical Sciences, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - H Yoneda
- Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - T Takezaki
- Department of Creative Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu College, 5-20-1 Shii, Kokuraminamiku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 802-0985, Japan
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190, Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - K Tomita
- Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-Koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
- Division of Quantum Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Y Kuramitsu
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y Sakawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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5
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Inoue I, Inubushi Y, Osaka T, Yamada J, Tamasaku K, Yoneda H, Yabashi M. Shortening X-Ray Pulse Duration via Saturable Absorption. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:163903. [PMID: 34723578 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.163903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To shorten the duration of x-ray pulses, we present a nonlinear optical technique using atoms with core-hole vacancies (core-hole atoms) generated by inner-shell photoionization. The weak Coulomb screening in the core-hole atoms results in decreased absorption at photon energies immediately above the absorption edge. By employing this phenomenon, referred to as saturable absorption, we successfully reduce the duration of x-ray free-electron laser pulses (photon energy: 9.000 keV, duration: 6-7 fs, fluence: 2.0-3.5×10^{5} J/cm^{2}) by ∼35%. This finding that core-hole atoms are applicable to nonlinear x-ray optics is an essential stepping stone for extending nonlinear technologies commonplace at optical wavelengths to the hard x-ray region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Inoue
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Yuichi Inubushi
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Kouto 1-1-1, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Taito Osaka
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Jumpei Yamada
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Kenji Tamasaku
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Hitoki Yoneda
- University of Electro-Communications, Chofugaoka 1-5-1, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Makina Yabashi
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Kouto 1-1-1, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
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Yoneda H, Makishima K, Enoto T, Khangulyan D, Matsumoto T, Takahashi T. Sign of Hard-X-Ray Pulsation from the γ-Ray Binary System LS 5039. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:111103. [PMID: 32975983 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.111103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To understand the nature of the brightest γ-ray binary system LS 5039, hard x-ray data of the object, taken with the Suzaku and NuSTAR observatories in 2007 and 2016, respectively, were analyzed. The two data sets jointly gave tentative evidence for a hard x-ray periodicity, with a period of ∼9 s and a period increase rate by ∼3×10^{-10} s s^{-1}. Therefore, the compact object in LS 5039 is inferred to be a rotating neutron star, rather than a black hole. Furthermore, several lines of arguments suggest that this object has a magnetic field of several times ∼10^{10} T, two orders of magnitude higher than those of typical neutron stars. The object is hence suggested to be a magnetar, which would be the first to be found in a binary. The results also suggest that the highly efficient particle acceleration process, known to be operating in LS 5039, emerges through interactions between dense stellar winds from the massive primary star, and ultrastrong magnetic fields of the magnetar.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yoneda
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Makishima
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - T Enoto
- Extreme natural phenomena RIKEN Hakubi Research Team, Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Hirosawa 2-1, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - D Khangulyan
- Department of Physics, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - T Matsumoto
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - T Takahashi
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
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Georgieva DA, Petrov TS, Yoneda H, Shikne R, Nedyalkov NN, Kovachev LM. Avalanche parametric conversion and white spectrum generation from infrared femtosecond pulses in glasses. Opt Express 2018; 26:17649-17661. [PMID: 30119575 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.017649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The observation of discrete lines in the white spectrum at the initial stage of filamentation of powerful femtosecond laser pulses, propagating in silica glasses, as well as the filamentation without plasma channels observed in the experiments in air, pushed us to look for other nonlinear mechanisms for describing these effects. In this paper, we present a new parametric conversion mechanism for asymmetric spectrum broadening of femtosecond laser pulses towards higher frequencies in isotropic media. This mechanism includes cascade generation with THz spectral shift for solids and GHz shift for gases. The process works simultaneously with the four-photon parametric wave mixing. The theoretical model proposed agrees well with the experimental data.
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Abstract
UNLABELLED Boutonnière deformity of the thumb without rheumatoid arthritis or trauma is not widely recognised. This study aimed to investigate its prevalence, relation to sex and age, and identifying factors associated with the extensor mechanism using ultrasonography. We examined 248 thumbs from 127 participants who were asymptomatic for hand disorders and had no history of hand injury. Boutonnière deformity was identified in 20 thumbs of 17 participants and was significantly more prevalent among elderly participants than among young participants. No significant differences in sex or hand dominance were noted. The deformity had a significant effect on range of motion and grip and pinch strengths. The extensor pollicis brevis (EPB) tendon was significantly narrower in affected thumbs than in non-affected thumbs. The prevalence of boutonnière deformity without rheumatoid arthritis or trauma was 13%, and the deformity was associated with advanced age and a narrow EPB tendon. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hara
- Department of Hand Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - H Yoneda
- Department of Hand Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - S Kurimoto
- Department of Hand Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - M Yamamoto
- Department of Hand Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - K Iwatsuki
- Department of Hand Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - H Hirata
- Department of Hand Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
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Ikeda M, Takahashi A, Kamatani Y, Okahisa Y, Kunugi H, Mori N, Sasaki T, Ohmori T, Okamoto Y, Kawasaki H, Shimodera S, Kato T, Yoneda H, Yoshimura R, Iyo M, Matsuda K, Akiyama M, Ashikawa K, Kashiwase K, Tokunaga K, Kondo K, Saito T, Shimasaki A, Kawase K, Kitajima T, Matsuo K, Itokawa M, Someya T, Inada T, Hashimoto R, Inoue T, Akiyama K, Tanii H, Arai H, Kanba S, Ozaki N, Kusumi I, Yoshikawa T, Kubo M, Iwata N. A genome-wide association study identifies two novel susceptibility loci and trans population polygenicity associated with bipolar disorder. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:639-647. [PMID: 28115744 PMCID: PMC5822448 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified several susceptibility loci for bipolar disorder (BD) and shown that the genetic architecture of BD can be explained by polygenicity, with numerous variants contributing to BD. In the present GWAS (Phase I/II), which included 2964 BD and 61 887 control subjects from the Japanese population, we detected a novel susceptibility locus at 11q12.2 (rs28456, P=6.4 × 10-9), a region known to contain regulatory genes for plasma lipid levels (FADS1/2/3). A subsequent meta-analysis of Phase I/II and the Psychiatric GWAS Consortium for BD (PGC-BD) identified another novel BD gene, NFIX (Pbest=5.8 × 10-10), and supported three regions previously implicated in BD susceptibility: MAD1L1 (Pbest=1.9 × 10-9), TRANK1 (Pbest=2.1 × 10-9) and ODZ4 (Pbest=3.3 × 10-9). Polygenicity of BD within Japanese and trans-European-Japanese populations was assessed with risk profile score analysis. We detected higher scores in BD cases both within (Phase I/II) and across populations (Phase I/II and PGC-BD). These were defined by (1) Phase II as discovery and Phase I as target, or vice versa (for 'within Japanese comparisons', Pbest~10-29, R2~2%), and (2) European PGC-BD as discovery and Japanese BD (Phase I/II) as target (for 'trans-European-Japanese comparison,' Pbest~10-13, R2~0.27%). This 'trans population' effect was supported by estimation of the genetic correlation using the effect size based on each population (liability estimates~0.7). These results indicate that (1) two novel and three previously implicated loci are significantly associated with BD and that (2) BD 'risk' effect are shared between Japanese and European populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ikeda
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - A Takahashi
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory for Omics Informatics, Omics Research Center, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Y Okahisa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - H Kunugi
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Mori
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - T Sasaki
- Laboratory of Health Education, Graduate School of Education, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Ohmori
- Department of Psychiatry, Course of Integrated Brain Sciences, Medical Informatics, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Y Okamoto
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - H Kawasaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Fukuoka University, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - S Shimodera
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - T Kato
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Japan
| | - H Yoneda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - R Yoshimura
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyusyu, Japan
| | - M Iyo
- Department of Psychiatry, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Matsuda
- Laboratory of Clinical Sequence, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Akiyama
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - K Ashikawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Japan
| | - K Kashiwase
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Tokunaga
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Kondo
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - T Saito
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - A Shimasaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - K Kawase
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - T Kitajima
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - K Matsuo
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - M Itokawa
- Center for Medical Cooperation, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Someya
- Department of Psychiatry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - T Inada
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - R Hashimoto
- Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - T Inoue
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Akiyama
- Department of Biological Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Japan
| | - H Tanii
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Mie University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - H Arai
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Juntendo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Kanba
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyushu University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - N Ozaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - I Kusumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Yoshikawa
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Japan
| | - M Kubo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - N Iwata
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
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Bohatý L, Becker P, Haussühl E, Němec I, Lux O, Joachim Eichler H, Yoneda H, Shirakawa A, Kaminskii AA. Single crystals of guanidinium zinc sulfate, [C(NH 2) 3] 2Zn(SO 4) 2 – growth, structure, vibrational spectroscopy and stimulated Raman scattering. Z KRIST-CRYST MATER 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/zkri-2015-1839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Large single crystals of the tetragonal (space group I4̅2d) guanidinium zinc sulfate, [C(NH2)3]2Zn(SO4)2, were grown and the crystal structure was redetermined. Vibrational spectra obtained by Raman and IR investigations are presented, together with an assignment of the observed vibration modes. Precise refractive index data in the wavelength range from 0.365 to 1.083 μm are given. [C(NH2)3]2Zn(SO4)2 is introduced as a new stimulated Raman scattering (SRS)-active crystal with three SRS-active vibration modes with ω
SRS1 ≈ 985 cm–1, ω
SRS2 ≈ 3390 cm–1 and ω
SRS3 ≈ 1015 cm–1. They allow for the generation of broadband nonlinear emission via χ
(3)- (SRS and Raman-induced four wave mixing, RFWM) as well as cascaded χ
(2)↔χ
(3)- processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladislav Bohatý
- Institut für Kristallographie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstr. 6, 50939 Köln, Germany
| | - Petra Becker
- Institut für Kristallographie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstr. 6, 50939 Köln, Germany
| | - Eiken Haussühl
- Institut für Geowissenschaften, Goethe-Universität, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ivan Němec
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Oliver Lux
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans Joachim Eichler
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hitoki Yoneda
- Institute of Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, 182-8585 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Shirakawa
- Institute of Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, 182-8585 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Alexander A. Kaminskii
- Institute of Crystallography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Leninskii Prospect 59, 119333 Moscow, Russia
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Shikne R, Yoneda H. Ultrafast ellipsometric pump-probe diagnostic of liquid metal surface with chirped continuum probe pulses. Opt Express 2015; 23:20933-20940. [PMID: 26367946 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.020933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We describe our ellipsometric pump-probe experiment to study materials at extreme conditions. To demonstrate the performance, liquid bismuth surface is pumped by intense 25 fs pulse and subsequent evolution of non-equilibrium bismuth plasma is probed by chirped continuum pulse. The shift in the origin-time at continuum spectral component is precisely corrected by comparing chirp behavior estimated from induced phase modulation (IPM) in fused silica to one from liquid bismuth reflectivity measurement. From IPM measurements, it was found that the time resolution of a chirped pulse depends on group delay dispersion at corresponding continuum spectral components. Moreover, due to explicit relation between time and frequency of a chirped probe pulse, pump induced rapid changes are projected onto different probe wavelengths. Using these properties, we investigated polarization dependent reflection dynamics of non-equilibrium bismuth plasma with sub-100 fs temporal resolution and a broader wavelength response. These ultrafast measurements will be useful to study exotic phase transitions at extreme states of matter.
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Yoneda H, Watanabe K. Primary excision of the ulnar head for fractures of the distal ulna associated with fractures of the distal radius in severe osteoporotic patients. J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2014; 39:293-9. [PMID: 24038537 DOI: 10.1177/1753193413504160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We performed primary excision of the ulnar head on 23 patients over 70 years of age with severe comminuted fractures of both the distal radius and ulna. The distal radius fracture was fixed rigidly with a volar locking plate, and the ulnar head was resected at the fracture site. All the distal radial fractures united without major complications. The mean wrist flexion/extension arc was 122°, the mean pronation/supination arc was 164°, and grip strength was 69% of that on the contralateral side. All patients returned to their daily activities within a short time without any additional surgical treatment. For elderly patients, primary excision of the ulnar head is an effective treatment for comminuted distal radius and ulna fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yoneda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya Ekisaikai Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
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Snetkov IL, Silin DE, Palashov OV, Khazanov EA, Yagi H, Yanagitani T, Yoneda H, Shirakawa A, Ueda KI, Kaminskii AA. Study of the thermo-optical constants of Yb doped Y2O3, Lu2O3 and Sc2O3 ceramic materials. Opt Express 2013; 21:21254-21263. [PMID: 24103999 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.021254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Thermally induced depolarization and thermal lens of three Konoshima Chemical Co. laser-ceramics samples Yb(3+):Lu(2)O(3)(C(Yb) ≈ 1.8 at.%), Yb(3+):Y(2)O(3)(C(Yb) ≈ 1.8 at.%), and Yb(3+):Sc(2)O(3) (C(Yb) ≈ 2.5 at.%) were measured in experiment at different pump power. The results allowed us to estimate the thermal conductivity of the investigated ceramic samples and compare their thermo-optical properties. The thermo-optical constants P and Q and its sign measured for these materials at the first time.
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Yoneda H, Nakamura T, Shirao S, Tanaka N, Ishihara H, Suehiro E, Koizumi H, Isotani E, Suzuki M. Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study on Volume Management After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Hemodynamic Changes According to Severity of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Cerebral Vasospasm. Stroke 2013; 44:2155-61. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.113.001015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Morita T, Sakawa Y, Kuramitsu Y, Ide T, Nishio K, Kuwada M, Ide H, Tsubouchi K, Yoneda H, Nishida A, Namiki T, Norimatsu T, Tomita K, Nakayama K, Inoue K, Uchino K, Nakatsutsumi M, Pelka A, Koenig M, Dong Q, Yuan D, Gregori G, Takabe H. High Mach-number collisionless shock driven by a laser with an external magnetic field. EPJ Web of Conferences 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20135915004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ni PA, More RM, Yoneda H, Bieniosek FM. Polarization pyrometry: an improvement to multi-wavelength optical pyrometry. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:123501. [PMID: 23277981 DOI: 10.1063/1.4768473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We describe a new method that improves upon temperature measurement by optical pyrometry. The main uncertainty in the traditional pyrometry technique is the surface emissivity, which is generally unknown and hard to measure. A common approach to deal with this problem is to measure the thermal emission at multiple wavelengths - an approach called multi-wavelength pyrometry. However, this technique can still result in a level of uncertainty in the surface temperature that is unsatisfactory for scientific applications, such as a measurement of equation of state of warm dense matter. In contrast to the conventional multi-wavelength technique, in the polarization pyrometry approach described herein, p- and s-polarization components of thermal radiation at multiple-angles are used to deduce the temperature. This paper describes the concept and the results of an initial proof-of-principle static experiment with an electrically heated tungsten ribbon. It was found that in the same experiment, the accuracy of the polarization pyrometry measurement was substantially greater than that achieved using conventional multi-wavelength pyrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Ni
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
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Yoneda H, Namiki T, Nishida A, Kodama R, Sakawa Y, Kuramitsu Y, Morita T, Nishio K, Ide T. Strong compression of a magnetic field with a laser-accelerated foil. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 109:125004. [PMID: 23005953 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.125004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the generation of high magnetic fields for condensed matter research using a high-power laser system. A cavity in which a seed magnetic field is applied is compressed by a kJ ns laser pulse. The time history of the compressed magnetic field is monitored by observing the Faraday effect rotation of polarization of a probe pulse in a glass fiber. To maintain a low-temperature condition in the final high-field region, we put a high-resistance foil around the final compression area. If we assume the length of the compression region is equal to the laser spot size, a magnetic field of more than 800 T is observed by Faraday rotation. Because of the large mass of the compression foil, this high magnetic field is sustained during almost 2 ns. During compression, a rarefaction wave from the backside of the accelerated foil and expanding material from the inner protection foil affect the magnetic field compression history, but the final compressed magnetic field strength agrees with the ratio between the initial sample area and the compressed cavity area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoki Yoneda
- Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan
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Suzuki T, Tani M, Uragami S, Onigata C, Yoneda H, Takasaki K, Tanino Y. P26-16 The H-reflex of soleus muscle in acupuncture stimulation physical therapy (ASPT). Clin Neurophysiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(10)61065-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Maruta Y, Fujii M, Imoto H, Nomura S, Oka F, Goto H, Yoneda H, Ideguchi M, Koizumi H, Ishihara H, Kajiwara K, Suzuki M. P31-9 Intraoperative monitoring of the motor evoked potential elicited by direct cortical stimulation of the lower extremities. Clin Neurophysiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(10)61176-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Maruta Y, Fujii M, Imoto H, Nomura S, Oka F, Goto H, Yoneda H, Ideguchi M, Koizumi H, Ishihara H, Kajiwara K, Suzuki M. P31-10 Intraoperative monitoring of the lower extremity motor evoked potential (LE-MEP) elicited by direct cortical stimulation. Clin Neurophysiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(10)61177-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Yoshimura K, Kubo S, Yoneda H, Hasegawa H, Tominaga S, Yoshimine T. Removal of a cavernous hemangioma in the orbital apex via the endoscopic transnasal approach: a case report. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 53:77-9. [PMID: 20533139 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1251984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study is to describe the case of a cavernous hemangioma extending from the orbital apex to the pterygopalatine fossa that was completely removed via an endoscopic transnasal approach. CASE REPORT We report the case of a 48-year-old man who presented with right hemianopsia of the left eye. MRI revealed a 1.5 x 1.1 cm mass lesion extending from the infero-medial part of the left orbital apex to the pterygopalatine fossa. Removal of the lesion was performed via the endoscopic transnasal approach. Using this approach, a wide operative view of the entire extent of the lesion from the optic canal to the orbital apex and the pterygopalatine fossa was obtained, and complete removal of the lesion was performed safely. The pathological diagnosis was cavernous hemangioma. CONCLUSION The endoscopic transnasal approach is a safe, effective, and less invasive therapeutic modality for the removal of lesions extending from the infero-medial part of the left orbital apex to the pterygopalatine fossa. With appropriate patient selection, this approach improves access and visualization, and it enables performance of operative procedures with much less risk than the conventional microscopic transcranial or transfacial approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yoshimura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
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Inubushi Y, Yoneda H, Higashiya A, Ishikawa T, Kimura H, Kumagai T, Morimoto S, Nagasono M, Ohashi H, Sato F, Tanaka T, Togashi T, Tono K, Yabashi M, Yamaguchi Y, Kodama R. Note: Measurement of saturable absorption by intense vacuum ultraviolet free electron laser using fluorescent material. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:036101. [PMID: 20370224 DOI: 10.1063/1.3302542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Advances in free electron lasers (FELs) which generate high energy photons are expected to open novel nonlinear optics in the x-ray and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) regions. In this paper, we report a new method for performing VUV-FEL focusing experiments. A VUV-FEL was focused with Kirkpatrick-Baez optics on a multilayer target, which contains fused silica as a fluorescent material. By measuring the fluorescence, a 5.6x4.9 microm(2) focal spot was observed in situ. Fluorescence was used to measure the saturable absorption of VUV pulses in the tin layer. The transmission increases nonlinearly higher with increasing laser intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Inubushi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Yoneda H, Inubushi Y, Tanaka T, Yamaguchi Y, Sato F, Morimoto S, Kumagai T, Nagasono M, Higashiya A, Yabashi M, Ishikawa T, Ohashi H, Kimura H, Kitamura H, Kodama R. Ultra-fast switching of light by absorption saturation in vacuum ultra-violet region. Opt Express 2009; 17:23443-23448. [PMID: 20052051 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.023443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Advances in free electron lasers producing high energy photons [Nat. Photonics 2(9), 555-559 (2008)] are expected to open up a new science of nonlinear optics of high energy photons. Specifically, lasers of photon energy higher than the plasma frequency of a metal can show new interaction features because they can penetrate deeply into metals without strong reflection. Here we show the observation of ultra-fast switching of vacuum ultra-violet (VUV) light caused by saturable absorption of a solid metal target. A strong gating is observed at energy fluences above 6J/cm2 at wavelength of 51 nm with tin metal thin layers. The ratio of the transmission at high intensity to low intensity is typically greater than 100:1. This means we can design new nonlinear photonic devices such as auto-correlator and pulse slicer for the VUV region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoki Yoneda
- Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo 1828585, Japan.
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24
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Hasegawa N, Sasaki A, Yamatani H, Kishimoto M, Tanaka M, Ochi Y, Nishikino M, Kunieda Y, Kawachi T, Yoneda H, Iwamae A. High-resolution Spectroscopy of the Nickel-like Molybdenum X-ray Laser Toward the Generation of Circularly Polarized X-ray Laser. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.3807/josk.2009.13.1.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Yoneda H, Shirao S, Kurokawa T, Fujisawa H, Kato S, Suzuki M. Does eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) inhibit cerebral vasospasm in patients after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage? Acta Neurol Scand 2008; 118:54-9. [PMID: 18261166 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2007.00983.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality and recent studies indicate that Rho-kinase plays an important role in the occurrence of such cerebral vasospasm. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), an n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, inhibits sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC)-induced Rho-kinase activation in vitro, so this study examined whether EPA prevented cerebral vasospasm occurrence after SAH in patients. METHODS The trial population was 101 patients with SAH subjected to craniotomy and clip application. EPA was orally administered at a daily dose of 1800 mg EPA from day 4 to day 14 to 73 patients; the other 28 constituted the control group, receiving no EPA. RESULTS EPA significantly curtailed both the occurrence of symptomatic vasospasm (14% EPA group, 36% control, P = 0.019) and of cerebral infarction because of cerebral vasospasm (4% EPA group, 29% control, P = 0.001). Moreover, the percentage of patients with a clinically good outcome was significantly higher in the EPA group (85%, P = 0.022) than in control (64%); there were no deaths in the EPA group but three (11%) in control (P = 0.020). CONCLUSION These findings suggest EPA inhibits symptomatic cerebral vasospasm and cerebral infarction after SAH and also improves clinical prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yoneda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan.
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26
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Suzuki M, Fujisawa H, Ishihara H, Yoneda H, Kato S, Ogawa A. Side selection of pterional approach for anterior communicating artery aneurysms--surgical anatomy and strategy. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2008; 150:31-9; discussion 39. [PMID: 18058058 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-007-1466-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2007] [Accepted: 07/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate our decision policy based on vertical aneurysm projection for selecting the side of the pterional approach for the surgical treatment of anterior communicating artery aneurysms. METHODS Inferiorly projecting aneurysms were treated through the dominant A1 side, and superiorly projecting aneurysms were treated through the side of aneurysm fundus projection. We analysed postoperative outcome and surgical complications, and the correlations between the anatomical factors such as position (high or low), projection (dorsal or anterior), and the plane containing both A2 vessels (open A2 plane defined as the A2 of the approach side located more posteriorly than the contralateral A2; closed A2 plane as the ipsilateral A2 located more anteriorly than the contralateral A2), to assess the surgical requirements of approaches in patients with superiorly projecting aneurysms. FINDINGS A favorable outcome was achieved in 95.1% of patients with inferior type aneurysms and 85.2% of patients with superior type aneurysms (P = 0.088). Surgical complications occurred in 8.9% of patients with inferior type aneurysms and 17.9% with superior type aneurysms. However, there was a distinct group of patients with superior type aneurysms characterised by a closed A2 plane, in which the ipsilateral A2 was located anterior to the contralateral A2, in whom the approach toward the neck was significantly more difficult, requiring A2 displacement or gyrus aspiration, and resulting in a neck remnant and more surgical complications such as vascular injury or cerebral contusion. This group also had a significantly high correlation with high position and dorsal projection of aneurysms causing more difficult dissection. CONCLUSIONS This policy provided good postoperative outcomes. However, use of skull base techniques or the interhemispheric approach, instead of the normal pterional approach, may further improve the postoperative outcome for closed A2 plane aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Suzuki
- Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Neurosurgery, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan.
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Nishizaki T, Saito K, Jimi Y, Harada N, Kajiwara K, Nomura S, Ishihara H, Yoshikawa K, Yoneda H, Suzuki M, Gibbs IC. The Role of Cyberknife Radiosurgery/Radiotherapy for Brain Metastases of Multiple or Large-Size Tumors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 49:203-9. [PMID: 17041830 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-947998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Focused, highly targeted radiosurgery and fractionated radiotherapy using the Cyberknife are useful treatments for multiple or large metastases. Here we present our results of Cyberknife radiosurgery for 71 patients with 148 metastatic brain lesions. METHODS There were 32 women and 39 men with a median age of 63 (range: 30-88) years. Radiographic follow-up was available for 60 patients with 104 lesions. The mean and median initial volumes of the tumor per lesion were 6.6 and 2.9 cm(3) (range: 0.1-53.2 cm(3)), respectively, at the time of the initial Cyberknife treatment. Forty patients (56%) had a single lesion, and 31 (44%) had multiple lesions (range: 2-7) at initial treatment. The number of fractions ranged from 1 to 3, and forty (27%) of 148 lesions were treated by a fractionated course of Cyberknife therapy. The mean marginal dose was 20.2 Gy (range 7.8-30.1 Gy, median: 20.7 Gy). RESULTS At 44 weeks of median follow-up, there were no permanent symptoms resulting from radiation necrosis. Overall 6-month and 1-year survival rates were 74% and 47%, respectively, and the median survival time was 56 weeks. The Karnofsky performance score and extracranial metastasis were significant prognostic factors at 6 months and 1 year, respectively, in both univariate and multivariate analyses. Age or multiple metastases did not influence prognosis at 6 months and 1 year. Local control was achieved in 83% (86 lesions). After additional radiosurgical or surgical salvage, no patient died as a result of intracranial disease. Twenty-five patients developed 92 new metastases (range 1-13) outside of the treated lesions with 22.4 weeks of median follow-up. Among them, 21 patients (84 lesions) were treated by salvage Cyberknife. CONCLUSION Despite the inclusion of an unfavorable group of patients with large tumors, our results for survival and tumor control rates are comparable to those of published series. The Cyberknife provides the advantage of allowing for fractionated treatment to multiple or large-size tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nishizaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan.
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Kinoshita Y, Suzuki T, Ikeda M, Kitajima T, Yamanouchi Y, Inada T, Yoneda H, Iwata N, Ozaki N. No association with the calcineurin A gamma subunit gene (PPP3CC) haplotype to Japanese schizophrenia. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2005; 112:1255-62. [PMID: 15843870 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-004-0261-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2004] [Accepted: 11/14/2004] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Calcineurin, one of the serine/threonine protein phosphatase, comprises more than 1% of the total protein content in brain. This evidence points towards important roles of calcineurin in neural function. Miyakawa et al. reported that forebrain-specific calcineurin knockout mice showed the behavioral abnormalities that are often observed in schizophrenia patients. Based on this evidence, they suggested that calcineurin dysfunction could be involved in schizophrenia pathogenesis. Thereafter this report, Gerber et al. performed transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) studies and showed an evidence for a nominally significant over-transmission of a common haplotype of the human calcineurin A gamma subunit gene (PPP3CC). We performed association analysis of PPP3CC in Japanese sample of 457 schizophrenia cases and 429 controls. To our regret, we could not confirm the association with Japanese schizophrenia to PPP3CC including core at-risk haplotype. Our result suggests that PPP3CC may not play a major role in Japanese schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kinoshita
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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Morikami H, Yoneda H, Ueda KI, More RM. Detection of hydrodynamic expansion in ultrashort pulse laser ellipsometric pump-probe experiments. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2004; 70:035401. [PMID: 15524576 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.70.035401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In ultrashort-pulse laser interaction with solid target materials, the target rapidly heats, melts, evaporates, and begins to expand as a vapor or plasma. The onset of hydrodynamic expansion following surface evaporation is a switching point, where the dominant physics changes from temperature dependence of the solid dielectric function to refraction by the dense vapor cloud. We propose and demonstrate a method to analyze reflection data to identify this onset of target expansion. We use two of the Stokes parameters obtained from ellipsometric pump-probe measurements to determine a dielectric function with an assumption of no expansion. We use this dielectric function to predict the full set of reflectivity measurements. If there is a sharply defined target interface, this method reproduces the experimental data. When the plasma expansion is no longer negligible, the prediction deviates from the experimental measurements. This comparison shows when the plasma expansion is no longer negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetoshi Morikami
- Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-communications, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
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Yoneda H, Morikami H, Ueda KI, More RM. Ultrashort-pulse laser ellipsometric pump-probe experiments on gold targets. Phys Rev Lett 2003; 91:075004. [PMID: 12935027 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.075004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Ultrashort-pulse laser pump-probe ellipsometry has been performed on gold targets at intensities 2 x 10(12)-5 x 10(13) W/cm(2). We measured time-resolved p- and s-polarized reflectivity (r(p) and r(s)) and the s-p phase difference (delta). When plotted as Y=[2|r(s)||r(p)|sin((delta)]/(|r(s)|(2)+|r(p)|(2)) versus X=|r(p)|(2)/|r(s)|(2), the experimental data follow approximately the same curve in X-Y space, even for different pump intensities. Although the input energy density is about 40 eV/atom and the plasma expansion is rapid (up to 10 km/sec), our data are consistent with a partially transparent blowoff having an atomic polarizability (-1.75+0.2i)x 10(-24) cm(3). We attribute this behavior to recombination in the expanding plasma. The Saha equation predicts recombination and formation of negative ions and a low density of free electrons in the low-density vapor, and solutions of the Maxwell equations approximately reproduce the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoki Yoneda
- Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-communications, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
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Yoneda H, Choppin GR, Bear JL, Graffeo AJ. Complexes of the Lanthanide Elements with α-Picolinate and α-Picolinate N-Oxide Ions. Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic50024a026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yoneda H, Tokuyama K, Ueda K, Yamamoto H, Baba K. High-power terahertz radiation emitter with a diamond photoconductive switch array. Appl Opt 2001; 40:6733-6736. [PMID: 18364984 DOI: 10.1364/ao.40.006733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A photoconductive switch-arrayed antenna with a chemical vapor-deposited diamond film was developed to generate high-power terahertz (THz) radiation. With this device, an electric field stress of 2 x 10(6) V/cm can be applied to photoconductive gaps because of the high breakdown threshold of diamond and the overcoated gap structure for the prevention of surface flashover. This level of field stress can alleviate the current problem of saturation in THz emission by use of a photoconductive antenna. The device consists of more than two thousand 20 micron x 2.8 mm emitters. In an experiment using an ultrashort pulse Kr*F laser, we obtained an energy density of 10 microJ/cm(2) on the emitter surface at E = 10(5) V/cm. This density was larger than that of the current large-aperture antenna. There was no severe saturation in photoconductive current up to E = 10(6) V/cm, and a focused intensity of 200 MW/cm(2) can be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yoneda
- Institute for Laser Science, University of Electrocommunications, Chofugaoka, Chofushi, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
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Abstract
The subjects of this study were 306 male alcoholics who lived in Osaka, Japan, and who were initially diagnosed with alcoholism at a psychiatric institution between 1972 and 1983. Follow-up studies were done on three occasions: 1 March 1985 (Time 1), 1 November 1988 (Time 2) and 1 March 1992 (Time 3). We followed up 232 (75.8%) of the 306 male alcoholics. By the end of the study period 110 (35.9%) of the subjects were deceased. Regarding cross-sectional sobriety status, from Time 1 to Time 3 the complete abstinence rate changed from 16.0 to 18.6%, excessive drinking rate was from 13.1 to 9.8%, and controlled drinking rate was from 6.9 to 9.8%. The longitudinal sobriety status of 122 living patients during the 5 years before the close of this study were: rate of stable abstinence, 28.7%; unstable abstinence, 21.3%; controlled drinking, 12.3%; and relapse 37.7%. Such variables as being without public assistance at the time of the initial diagnosis of alcoholism and attending a self-help group soon after the initial treatment were associated with stable abstinence. Age (20-39 years) and receiving outpatient treatment at the time of the initial treatment also emerged as predictors of survival. However, those variables, except attending a self-help group soon after the initial treatment, might merely indicate severity of alcoholism. For improving treatment results, it may be most important to provide a treatment environment within the residential area so that alcoholics may receive treatment at an early stage of alcoholism and attend a self-help group.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Noda
- Osaka Prefectural Mental Health and Welfare Center, Japan.
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Noda T, Imamichi H, Tanaka H, Kawata A, Hirano K, Ando T, Yoneda H, Iwata Y, Kinoshita N. Cause-specific mortality risk among male alcoholics residing in the Osaka metropolitan area. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2001; 55:465-72. [PMID: 11555341 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1819.2001.00891.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the mortality risk among 306 male alcoholics living in Osaka, Japan, at the time of initial diagnosis between 1972 and 1983, with regard to the cause of death, length of time from diagnosis, and participation in an alcohol abstinence self-help group. By the closing date on 1 March 1992, 110 of the 306 alcoholics had died, yielding an observed-to-expected (O/E) ratio of 4.5 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.7-5.4]. The alcoholics had significantly elevated mortality risks from all malignant neoplasms (O/E = 2.1, 95%CI = 1.2-3.3), esophageal cancer (O/E = 8.4, 95%CI = 1.7-24.5), diseases of the circulatory system (O/E = 4.4, 95%CI = 3.0-6.2), liver cirrhosis (O/E = 15.9, 95%CI = 10.2-23.6), diseases of the genitourinary system (O/E = 6.3, 95%CI = 1.3-18.5), and external death (O/E = 10.3, 95%CI = 6.3-15.8). The mortality risk from all causes still remained significantly high beyond the tenth year following initial diagnosis (O/E = 2.6, 95%CI = 1.0-6.2). The mortality risks from liver cirrhosis and external death (such as suicide) were highest within the first year following diagnosis, and were still high beyond the tenth year. A significantly high mortality risk from diseases of the circulatory system was observed between the first and ninth years, and the mortality risk from all malignant neoplasms was significantly elevated beyond 10 years following diagnosis. Alcoholics who did not join a self-help group soon after the initial institutional treatment had different cause-specific and time-specific mortality risks from those who did join a self-help group. These findings show the importance of long-term clinical follow-up of male alcoholics, taking into consideration the cause-specific mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Noda
- Osaka Prefectural Mental Health and Welfare Center, Osaka, Japan.
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Yoshida Y, Fujiki N, Nakajima T, Ripley B, Matsumura H, Yoneda H, Mignot E, Nishino S. Fluctuation of extracellular hypocretin-1 (orexin A) levels in the rat in relation to the light-dark cycle and sleep-wake activities. Eur J Neurosci 2001; 14:1075-81. [PMID: 11683899 DOI: 10.1046/j.0953-816x.2001.01725.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 362] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Hypocretins/orexins are neuropeptides implicated in sleep regulation and the sleep disorder narcolepsy. In order to examine how hypocretin activity fluctuates across 24 h with respect to the sleep-wake cycle, we measured changes in extracellular hypocretin-1 levels in the lateral hypothalamus and medial thalamus of freely moving rats with simultaneous sleep recordings. Hypocretin levels exhibited a robust diurnal fluctuation; levels slowly increased during the dark period (active phase), and decreased during the light period (rest phase). Levels were not correlated with the amount of wake or sleep in each period. Although an acute 4-h light-shift did not alter hypocretin levels, 6-h sleep deprivation significantly increased hypocretin release during the forced-wake period. Hypocretin activity is, thus, likely to build up during wakefulness and decline with the occurrence of sleep. These findings, together with the fact that a difficulty in maintaining wakefulness during the daytime is one of the primary symptoms of hypocretin-deficient narcolepsy, suggest that hypocretin activity may be critical in opposing sleep propensity during periods of prolonged wakefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yoshida
- Stanford University Center for Narcolepsy, 701B Welch Rd, 1st Floor, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
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Hatanaka Y, Kamino K, Fukuo K, Mitsuda N, Nishiwaki-Ueda Y, Sato N, Satoh T, Yamamoto H, Yoneda H, Imagawa M, Miki T, Ohta S, Ogihara T. Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein gene polymorphisms and risk for late-onset Alzheimer's disease in a Japanese population. Clin Genet 2000; 58:319-23. [PMID: 11076057 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0004.2000.580410.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP) gene polymorphisms located in the 5' region and in exon 3, and the apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype were determined in 100 Japanese patients affected by late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). We matched 246 controls for age and found no association between the polymorphism located in the 5' region of the LRP gene. The distribution of LRP exon 3 genotypes and alleles did not differ between AD and the control groups. However, the frequency of T allele in the Alzheimer's group having APOE-epsilon4 was lower than that in the control group having APOE-epsilon4, but it was only marginally significant (p = 0.022). Age of onset was significantly younger in the patients with CC genotype than those carrying the T allele (p = 0.03), and this trend was more evident among non-APOE-epsilon4 carriers (p = 0.008). These results support the possibility that ApoE and LRP may contribute to the development of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hatanaka
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Osaka University Medical School, Suita, Japan
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Yoshida Y, Matsumura H, Nakajima T, Mandai M, Urakami T, Kuroda K, Yoneda H. Prostaglandin E (EP) receptor subtypes and sleep: promotion by EP4 and inhibition by EP1/EP2. Neuroreport 2000; 11:2127-31. [PMID: 10923657 DOI: 10.1097/00001756-200007140-00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandin (PG) E2 reportedly augmented wakefulness when continuously infused into the third ventricle of the rat brain, whereas it promoted sleep when continuously infused into the subarachnoid space of the ventral surface zone of the rostral basal forebrain, which was designated previously as a PGD2-sensitive sleep-promoting zone (PGD2-SZ). In the present study, we investigated the effects of PGE (EP)-receptor agonists on sleep-wakefulness activities by infusing agonists into the third ventricle or into the subarachnoid space of the PGD2-SZ. Our results indicated that the waking effect is mediated by EP1 and EP2 receptors situating around the third ventricle, whereas the sleep-promoting effect is brought about mainly through activation of EP4 receptors located at or near the subarachnoid space of the PGD2-SZ.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Circadian Rhythm
- Infusions, Parenteral
- Male
- Prosencephalon/drug effects
- Prosencephalon/physiology
- Prostaglandin D2/administration & dosage
- Prostaglandin D2/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E/agonists
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E/physiology
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP1 Subtype
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP2 Subtype
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype
- Sleep/drug effects
- Sleep/physiology
- Wakefulness/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yoshida
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki-City, Japan
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39
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Kamino K, Nagasaka K, Imagawa M, Yamamoto H, Yoneda H, Ueki A, Kitamura S, Namekata K, Miki T, Ohta S. Deficiency in mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase increases the risk for late-onset Alzheimer's disease in the Japanese population. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 273:192-6. [PMID: 10873585 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.2923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) deficiency is caused by a mutant allele in the Mongoloids. To examine whether genetic constitutions affecting aldehyde metabolism influence the risk for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), we performed a case-control study in the Japanese population on the deficiency in ALDH2 caused by the dominant-negative mutant allele of the ALDH2 gene (ALDH2*2). In a comparison of 447 patients with sex, age, and region matched nondemented controls, the genotype frequency carrying the ALDH2*2 allele was significantly higher in the patients than in the controls (48.1% vs 37.4%, P = 0.001). Logistic regression analysis indicates that carriage of the ALDH2*2 allele is an independent risk for LOAD of the epsilon4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE-epsilon4) (P = 0.002). Moreover, the odds ratio for LOAD in carriers of the ALDH2*2 allele was almost twice that in noncarriers, irrespective of status with regard to the APOE-epsilon4 allele. Among patients homozygous for the APOE-epsilon4 allele, age at onset of LOAD was significantly lower in those with than without the ALDH2*2 allele. In addition, dosage of the ALDH2*2 allele significantly affected age at onset of patients homozygous for the APOE-epsilon4 allele. These results indicate that the ALDH2 deficiency is a risk for LOAD, synergistically acting with the APOE-epsilon4 allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kamino
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Nippon Medical School, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 211-8533, Japan
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40
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Katoh M, Ohmachi Y, Kurosawa Y, Yoneda H, Tanaka N, Narita H. Effects of imidapril and captopril on streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2000; 398:381-7. [PMID: 10862828 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(00)00320-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We investigated whether the prevention of the development of diabetic nephropathy by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors is associated with decreases in renal angiotensin-converting enzyme activity and/or blood pressure in diabetic mice. C57Bl/6 mice were injected with streptozotocin (200 mg/kg, i.v.) and randomized to receive either imidapril (1 and 5 mg/kg) or captopril (10 and 50 mg/kg) or vehicle by gavage for 28 days. Each assay was performed on 8-10 mice from each treatment. At 28 days after the start of drug treatment, imidapril and captopril significantly reduced blood pressure of the diabetic mice, and this effect of captopril was stronger than that of imidapril. On the other hand, inhibition of renal angiotensin-converting enzyme activity by imidapril was stronger than that by captopril. Imidapril and captopril dose-dependently inhibited urinary albumin excretion to similar extents, but they failed to inhibit the renal hypertrophy and elevation of creatinine clearance. Total renal angiotensin-converting enzyme activity was significantly reduced in diabetic mice, but immunohistochemical localization of angiotensin-converting enzyme was intensive in the vasculature and glomeruli of the diabetic kidney. In conclusion, both effects on blood pressure and angiotensin-converting enzyme activity may be involved in the prevention of development of diabetic nephropathy by imidapril and captopril in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. The data suggest that the degrees of contribution of their effects on blood pressure and renal angiotensin-converting enzyme activity to the inhibition of urinary albumin excretion may be different between the two angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Katoh
- Discovery Research Laboratory, Tanabe Seiyaku Co., Ltd., 2-2-50, Toda, Saitama, 335-8505, Kawagishi, Japan.
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Shirai M, Hirakawa H, Ouchi K, Tabuchi M, Kishi F, Kimoto M, Takeuchi H, Nishida J, Shibata K, Fujinaga R, Yoneda H, Matsushima H, Tanaka C, Furukawa S, Miura K, Nakazawa A, Ishii K, Shiba T, Hattori M, Kuhara S, Nakazawa T. Comparison of outer membrane protein genes omp and pmp in the whole genome sequences of Chlamydia pneumoniae isolates from Japan and the United States. J Infect Dis 2000; 181 Suppl 3:S524-7. [PMID: 10839753 DOI: 10.1086/315616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia pneumoniae is a widespread pathogen of the respiratory tract that is also associated with atherosclerosis. The whole genome sequence was determined for a Japanese isolate, C. pneumoniae strain J138. The sequence predicted a variety of genes encoding outer membrane proteins (OMPs) including ompA and porB, another 10 predicted omp genes, and 27 pmp genes. All were detected in the whole genome sequence of strain CWL029, a strain isolated and sequenced in the United States. A comparative study of the OMPs of the two strains revealed a nucleotide sequence identity of 89.6%-100% (deduced amino acid sequence identity, 71.1%-100%). The overall genomic organization and location of genes are identical in both strains. Thus, a few unique sequences of the OMPs may be essential for specific attributes that define the differential biology of two C. pneumoniae strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shirai
- Dept. of Microbiology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan.
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Himei A, Kono Y, Yoneda H, Sakai T, Koh J, Sakai J, Inada Y, Imamichi H. An association study between alcoholism and the serotonergic receptor genes. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2000; 24:341-2. [PMID: 10776672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Linkage and association studies of alcoholism using DNA makers have been conducted without conclusive results. The comorbidity of alcoholism with affective disorder indicates that dysfunction of the serotonergic system may play an important role in developing alcoholism. METHODS We studied the genetic association between alcoholism and alleles of the HTR1A, HTR2A, and HTR2C genes. The subjects were 91 biologically unrelated alcoholics and 90 controls. Polymorphisms of these genes were determined by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphisms, and the data were analyzed by chi2 tests. RESULTS We found no significant association between alcoholism and the HTR1A, HTR2A, and HTR2C genes. CONCLUSIONS The study results suggest that these serotonergic receptor genes may not directly contribute to the etiology of alcoholism.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Himei
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan
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Abstract
A case of myotonic dystrophy with 47 XYY presented with tall stature and mental retardation. The patient was a 37-year-old male. In addition to grip myotonia and percussion myotonia, severe weakness and atrophy were noted in the face and the neck muscles and in the distal muscles of the four limbs. He also had diabetes mellitus, cataracts and sexual behavior abnormalities. He was found to be 47 XYY from chromosomal examinations. The combination of 47 XYY syndrome and myotonic dystrophy has not been reported previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Asano
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
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Yamada K, Ikegami H, Yoneda H, Miki T, Ogihara T. All patients with Werner's syndrome are insulin resistant, but only those who also have impaired insulin secretion develop overt diabetes. Diabetes Care 1999; 22:2094-5. [PMID: 10587857 DOI: 10.2337/diacare.22.12.2094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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45
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Yoshida Y, Kuroda K, Mandai M, Satani S, Emura N, Ueda S, Matsumura H, Yoneda H. Two cases of HLA-DR2-negative hypersomnia manifesting sleep-onset rapid eye movement periods in the multiple sleep latency test. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 1999; 53:295-7. [PMID: 10459716 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1819.1999.00525.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We encountered two cases expressing excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and manifesting two or more sleep-onset rapid eye movement (REM) periods in the multiple sleep latency test. Unbearable daytime sleepiness occurred abruptly, which usually led to short-lasting naps, after which the patients felt refreshed. The EDS was successfully reduced by treatment with methylphenidate. In spite of these features similar to narcolepsy, these cases of REM hypersomnia did not present cataplexy or other auxiliary symptoms of narcolepsy, and, furthermore, the class-II human leukocyte antigen DR2 appeared to be negative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yoshida
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan
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Yoneda H, Hasegawa N, Kawana SI, Ueda KI. A large anisotropy of the electron distribution function in plasma production with prepulse-controlled high power KrF laser. Fusion Engineering and Design 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-3796(98)00370-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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47
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Tsubokura A, Yoneda H, Mizuta H. Paracoccus carotinifaciens sp. nov., a new aerobic gram-negative astaxanthin-producing bacterium. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1999; 49 Pt 1:277-82. [PMID: 10028273 DOI: 10.1099/00207713-49-1-277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The strain E-396T, isolated from soil, was Gram-negative, aerobic, orange-pigmented, rod-shaped, motile by peritrichous flagella and astaxanthin-producing. This organism produced carotenoids, mainly astaxanthin, and did not produce bacteriochlorophyll. The ubiquinone system was Q-10. Analysis of the 16S rRNA sequence of strain E-396T showed it to be a member of the alpha-3 subclass of the Proteobacteria, forming a cluster with the species of the genus Paracoccus. On the basis of the production of orange pigments and motility by peritrichous flagella, together with DNA-DNA reassociation data, it is concluded that the new isolate should be classified into a new species of the genus Paracoccus, Paracoccus carotinifaciens sp. nov. The type strain is E-396T (= IFO 16121T).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tsubokura
- Central Technical Research Laboratory, Nippon Oil Company Ltd, Yokohoma, Japan.
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Yoneda H, Toriumi W, Ohmachi Y, Okumura F, Fujimura H, Nishiyama S. Involvement of angiotensin II in development of spontaneous nephrosis in Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Eur J Pharmacol 1998; 362:213-9. [PMID: 9874173 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(98)00761-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on spontaneous nephrosis in Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl/S) rats. Dahl/S rats fed on a normal sodium diet spontaneously developed nephrosis and mild hypertension from a young age. In young Dahl/S rats, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, imidapril, attenuated the development of proteinuria accompanied by a decrease in blood pressure. Methylprednisolone, a potent therapeutic agent for proteinuria, did not affect the development of nephrosis. An angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonist, losartan, but not a Ca2+ channel blocker, verapamil, inhibited the development of nephrosis while both agents decreased blood pressure to a similar extent as imidapril. In mature Dahl/S rats, imidapril suppressed not only the development of proteinuria but also the glomerular lesions. It is concluded that the development of spontaneous nephrosis in Dahl/S rats is mediated by angiotensin II.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yoneda
- Discovery Research Laboratory, Tanabe Seiyaku, Saitama, Japan.
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Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) was infused into the subarachnoid space of the rat rostral basal forebrain, which was previously defined as a prostaglandin (PG) D2-sensitive, sleep-promoting zone. TNFalpha increased the amount of slow-wave sleep (SWS), decreased that of paradoxical sleep (PS), and caused fever and anorexia. The TNFalpha-induced SWS enhancement, fever and anorexia were all blocked by co-infusion of diclofenac, a non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor, and by pretreatment with NS-398, a COX-2-specific inhibitor. In striking contrast, the TNFalpha-induced suppression of PS was not affected by the inhibitors. These results indicate that COX-2-mediated hyperproduction of PGs is critically involved in the enhancement of SWS, fever, and anorexia but not in the suppression of PS, caused by TNFalpha infused into the PGD2-sensitive zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Terao
- Department of Molecular Behavioural Biology, Osaka Bioscience Institute, Suita City, Japan
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Nakanishi N, Tatara K, Nishina M, Nakajima K, Naramura H, Yoneda H. Relationships of disability, health management and psychosocial conditions to cause-specific mortality among a community-residing elderly people. J Epidemiol 1998; 8:195-202. [PMID: 9816811 DOI: 10.2188/jea.8.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To examine the factors associated with cause-specific mortality, a cohort of 1,405 randomly selected elderly people aged 65 years and over living in Settsu, Osaka Prefecture, was followed up for 54 months. Multivariate analysis using Cox proportional hazards model identified male sex, age, disability, medical treatment, and no participation in social activities as independent factors for overall mortality. Use of health checks and daily health enhancing practices showed an independent negative association with overall mortality. As for cause-specific mortality, male sex was a constant factor for the three major causes of death: cancer, heart disease and stroke. Advanced age and no participation in social activities showed a close association with heart disease mortality, while disability and medical treatment were independent factors for death caused by stroke and cancer, respectively. Use of health checks and daily health enhancing practices exhibited a strong negative association with all three major causes of death. The same tendencies were seen after those who reported undergoing medical treatment for the index diseases of heart disease and stroke at entry were excluded. These results suggest that predictive factors for mortality vary for specific causes of death, but that health promoting measures contribute to a reduction in mortality related to three major causes of death, thus resulting in a decrease in overall mortality among the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Nakanishi
- Department of Public Health, Osaka University Medical School, Japan
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