1
|
Thite NG, Tuberty-Vaughan E, Wilcox P, Wallace N, Calderon CP, Randolph TW. Stain-Free Approach to Determine and Monitor Cell Heath Using Supervised and Unsupervised Image-Based Deep Learning. J Pharm Sci 2024:S0022-3549(24)00173-4. [PMID: 38710387 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Cell-based medicinal products (CBMPs) are a growing class of therapeutics that promise new treatments for complex and rare diseases. Given the inherent complexity of the whole human cells comprising CBMPs, there is a need for robust and fast analytical methods for characterization, process monitoring, and quality control (QC) testing during their manufacture. Existing techniques to evaluate and monitor cell quality typically constitute labor-intensive, expensive, and highly specific staining assays. In this work, we combine image-based deep learning with flow imaging microscopy (FIM) to predict cell health metrics using cellular morphology "fingerprints" extracted from images of unstained Jurkat cells (immortalized human T-lymphocyte cells). A supervised (i.e., algorithm trained with human-generated labels for images) fingerprinting algorithm, trained on images of unstained healthy and dead cells, provides a robust stain-free, non-invasive, and non-destructive method for determining cell viability. Results from the stain-free method are in good agreement with traditional stain-based cytometric viability measurements. Additionally, when trained with images of healthy cells, dead cells and cells undergoing chemically induced apoptosis, the supervised fingerprinting algorithm is able to distinguish between the three cell states, and the results are independent of specific treatments or signaling pathways. We then show that an unsupervised variational autoencoder (VAE) algorithm trained on the same images, but without human-generated labels, is able to distinguish between samples of healthy, dead and apoptotic cells along with cellular debris based on learned morphological features and without human input. With this, we demonstrate that VAEs are a powerful exploratory technique that can be used as a process monitoring analytical tool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi G Thite
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Emma Tuberty-Vaughan
- Dosage Form Design & Development (DFDD), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Paige Wilcox
- Dosage Form Design & Development (DFDD), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Nicole Wallace
- Dosage Form Design & Development (DFDD), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Christopher P Calderon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Ursa Analytics, Denver, CO 80212, USA
| | - Theodore W Randolph
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Milićević D, Hlaváč J. Novel Peptide-Based Fluorescent Probe for Simultaneous Sensing of Chymotrypsin and Hydrogen Peroxide. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:17481-17490. [PMID: 38645371 PMCID: PMC11024966 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The developed multifunctional fluorescent probe enables the simultaneous detection of chymotrypsin as a model protease and hydrogen peroxide as a representative of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in biologically relevant concentration ranges. The chymotrypsin sensing is based on the cleavage of its selectively recognizable peptide sequence and the consequent disruption of FRET between coumarin (DEAC) and fluorescein (FL). Analogously, the presence of hydrogen peroxide causes the gradual degradation of the H2O2-labile benzopyrylium-coumarin (BC) dye. Considering the fluorescence emission responses of individual chymotrypsin-peroxide probe-attached fluorophores after their excitation at 425 nm, the sole presence of either chymotrypsin (50-1000 ng/mL) or hydrogen peroxide (10-200 μM) in a sample could be unambiguously confirmed or refuted. In addition, reliable simultaneous detection and approximate quantification of both studied species in the concentration ranges of 100-1000 ng/mL and 20-200 μM for chymotrypsin and H2O2, respectively, could be performed as well. The obtained results are summarized and visualized in the graphical models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Milićević
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Palacký University
Olomouc, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hlaváč
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Palacký University
Olomouc, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li K, Mi L, Bai X, Lu Y, Zhang Y, Li J, Pu Y. Induction of apoptosis and autophagy by dichloromethane extract from Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch on acute myeloid leukemia cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:2123-2137. [PMID: 38108539 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch (PS), a perennial herb belonging to the genus Pinus in the family Pinnacle Sauce, has been previously known for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antitumor properties. However, the specific mechanism behind its antileukemic effect remains unknown. This study focused on the cytotoxicity and potential modes of action of the dichloromethane extract from PS (DEPS) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Our results demonstrated that DEPS reduced cell viability, arrested the cell cycle in the G2/M phase, disrupted the mitochondrial membrane potential, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and upregulated the expression of Bax/Bcl-2 and Cleaved caspase-3. However, the impact of DEPS on cell viability and the expression of apoptosis-associated proteins was reversed upon pretreatment with the caspase-3 inhibitor (Z-DEVD-FMK) in HL-60 cells, which demonstrated that DEPS could induce apoptosis through the mitochondria-associated apoptotic pathway. Interestingly, DEPS also influenced autophagy by upregulating the expression of LC3II/I, P62, and Beclin-1 proteins, and the autophagy inhibition chloroquine(CQ) could attenuate the apoptotic effects of DEPS in HL-60 cells. Furthermore, SMART 2.0 analysis predicted that the main components present in DEPS were likely terpenoids. In conclusion, DEPS possibly exerts antileukemic effects by downregulating the PI3K/AKT and ERK pathways, thereby promoting intracellular ROS production, activating the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, and affecting autophagy, providing valuable insights for the potential future application of PS in the treatment of AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kejing Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Leyuan Mi
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xinyi Bai
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yuan Lu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Juan Li
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yudong Pu
- Precision Medicine Center of the Songshan Lake (SSL) Central Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ibrahim NSM, Kadry HH, Zaher AF, Mohamed KO. Synthesis of novel pyrimido[4,5-b]quinolines as potential anticancer agents and HER2 inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:996-1013. [PMID: 37527951 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
A series of N-arylpyrimido[4,5-b]quinolines 3a-e and 2-aryl-2,3-dihydropyrimido[4,5-b]quinoline-4(1H)-ones 5a-e was designed and synthesized as potential anticancer agents against breast cancer. Compounds 3e, 5a, 5b, 5d, and 5e showed promising activity against the MCF-7 cell line. Among them, compound 5b was the most active with IC50 of 1.67 μM. Compound 5b promoted apoptosis and induced cell cycle arrest at S phase. 5b increased the level of pro-apoptotic proteins p53, Bax, and caspase-7 and inhibited the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Furthermore, all the synthesized compounds were docked into the crystal structure of HER2 (PBD: 3 pp0). Compounds 3e, 5a, 5b, 5d, and 5e showed good energy scores and binding modes. Finally, Compound 5b was evaluated on the HER2 assay and revealed good inhibition with IC50 of 0.073 μM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nahla Said M Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan H Kadry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashraf F Zaher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled O Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tigu AB, Constantinescu CS, Teodorescu P, Kegyes D, Munteanu R, Feder R, Peters M, Pralea I, Iuga C, Cenariu D, Marcu A, Tanase A, Colita A, Drula R, Bergthorsson JT, Greiff V, Dima D, Selicean C, Rus I, Zdrenghea M, Gulei D, Ghiaur G, Tomuleasa C. Design and preclinical testing of an anti-CD41 CAR T cell for the treatment of acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:2864-2875. [PMID: 37667538 PMCID: PMC10538266 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia (AMkL) is a rare subtype of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) representing 5% of all reported cases, and frequently diagnosed in children with Down syndrome. Patients diagnosed with AMkL have low overall survival and have poor outcome to treatment, thus novel therapies such as CAR T cell therapy could represent an alternative in treating AMkL. We investigated the effect of a new CAR T cell which targets CD41, a specific surface antigen for M7-AMkL, against an in vitro model for AMkL, DAMI Luc2 cell line. The performed flow cytometry evaluation highlighted a percentage of 93.8% CAR T cells eGFP-positive and a limited acute effect on lowering the target cell population. However, the interaction between effector and target (E:T) cells, at a low ratio, lowered the cell membrane integrity, and reduced the M7-AMkL cell population after 24 h of co-culture, while the cytotoxic effect was not significant in groups with higher E:T ratio. Our findings suggest that the anti-CD41 CAR T cells are efficient for a limited time spawn and the cytotoxic effect is visible in all experimental groups with low E:T ratio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Bogdan Tigu
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced MedicineIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
| | - Catalin Sorin Constantinescu
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced MedicineIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
- Department of HematologyIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
- Intensive Care UnitEmergency Clinical HospitalCluj‐NapocaRomania
| | - Patric Teodorescu
- Department of HematologyIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
- Department of Leukemia, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns HopkinsJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - David Kegyes
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced MedicineIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
- Department of HematologyIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
| | - Raluca Munteanu
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced MedicineIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
| | - Richard Feder
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced MedicineIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
| | - Mareike Peters
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced MedicineIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
- Department of HematologyIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
| | - Ioana Pralea
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced MedicineIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
| | - Cristina Iuga
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced MedicineIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
- Department of Drug AnalysisSchool of PharmacyIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
| | - Diana Cenariu
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced MedicineIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
| | - Andra Marcu
- Department of PediatricsCarol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania
- Department of Stem Cell TransplantationFundeni Clinical InstituteBucharestRomania
| | - Alina Tanase
- Department of PediatricsCarol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania
- Department of Stem Cell TransplantationFundeni Clinical InstituteBucharestRomania
| | - Anca Colita
- Department of PediatricsCarol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania
- Department of Stem Cell TransplantationFundeni Clinical InstituteBucharestRomania
| | - Rares Drula
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced MedicineIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
| | - Jon Thor Bergthorsson
- Stem Cell Research Unit, Biomedical Center, School of Health SciencesUniversity of IcelandReykjavíkIceland
- Department of Laboratory HematologyLandspitali University HospitalReykjavíkIceland
| | - Victor Greiff
- Department of ImmunologyUniversity of Oslo and Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway
| | - Delia Dima
- Department of HematologyIon Chiricuta Clinical Cancer CenterCluj NapocaRomania
| | - Cristina Selicean
- Department of HematologyIon Chiricuta Clinical Cancer CenterCluj NapocaRomania
| | - Ioana Rus
- Department of HematologyIon Chiricuta Clinical Cancer CenterCluj NapocaRomania
| | - Mihnea Zdrenghea
- Department of HematologyIon Chiricuta Clinical Cancer CenterCluj NapocaRomania
| | - Diana Gulei
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced MedicineIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
| | - Gabriel Ghiaur
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced MedicineIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
- Department of Leukemia, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns HopkinsJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Ciprian Tomuleasa
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced MedicineIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
- Department of HematologyIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
- Department of HematologyIon Chiricuta Clinical Cancer CenterCluj NapocaRomania
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu J, Shi L, Ma X, Jiang S, Hou X, Li P, Cheng Y, Lv J, Li S, Ma T, Han B. Characterization and anti-inflammatory effect of selenium-enriched probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens C-1, a potential postbiotics. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14302. [PMID: 37652982 PMCID: PMC10471622 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40988-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A patented strain of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens C-1 in our laboratory could produce functional sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) under optimized fermentation conditions. With the strong stress resistance and abundant secondary metabolites, C-1 showed potential to be developed as selenium-enriched postbiotics. C-1 has the ability to synthesize SeNPs when incubated with 100 μg/ml Na2SeO3 for 30 h at 30 °C aerobically with 10% seeds-culture. The transformation rate from Na2SeO3 into SeNPs reached to 55.51%. After selenium enrichment, there were no significant morphology changes in C-1 cells but obvious SeNPs accumulated inside of cells, observed by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope, verified by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. SeNPs had antioxidant activity in radical scavenge of superoxide (O2-), Hydroxyl radical (OH-) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazine (DPPH), where scavenging ability of OH- is the highest. Selenium-enriched C-1 had obvious anti-inflammatory effect in protecting integrity of Caco-2 cell membrane destroyed by S. typhimurium; it could preventing inflammatory damage in Caco-2 stressed by 200 μM H2O2 for 4 h, with significantly reduced expression of IL-8 (1.687 vs. 3.487, P = 0.01), IL-1β (1.031 vs. 5.000, P < 0.001), TNF-α (2.677 vs. 9.331, P < 0.001), increased Claudin-1 (0.971 vs. 0.611, P < 0.001) and Occludin (0.750 vs. 0.307, P < 0.001). Transcriptome data analysis showed that there were 381 differential genes in the vegetative growth stage and 1674 differential genes in the sporulation stage of C-1 with and without selenium-enrichment. A total of 22 ABC transporter protein-related genes at vegetative stage and 70 ABC transporter protein-related genes at sporulation stage were founded. Genes encoding MsrA, thiol, glutathione and thioredoxin reduction were significantly up-regulated; genes related to ATP synthase such as atpA and atpD genes showed down-regulated during vegetative stage; the flagellar-related genes (flgG, fliM, fliL, and fliJ) showed down-regulated during sporulation stage. The motility, chemotaxis and colonization ability were weakened along with synthesized SeNPs accumulated intracellular at sporulation stage. B. amyloliquefaciens C-1 could convert extracellular selenite into intracellular SeNPs through the oxidation-reduction pathway, with strong selenium-enriched metabolism. The SeNPs and selenium-enriched cells had potential to be developed as nano-selenium biomaterials and selenium-enriched postbiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Liu
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lu Shi
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinxin Ma
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sijin Jiang
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinyao Hou
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pu Li
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia Lv
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shaoru Li
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianyou Ma
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
- Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Bei Han
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
- Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dróżdż A, Sławińska-Brych A, Kubera D, Kimsa-Dudek M, Gola JM, Adamska J, Kruszniewska-Rajs C, Matwijczuk A, Karcz D, Dąbrowski W, Stepulak A, Gagoś M. Effect of Antibiotic Amphotericin B Combinations with Selected 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Derivatives on RPTECs in an In Vitro Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315260. [PMID: 36499589 PMCID: PMC9738598 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
4-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-yl) benzene-1,3-diol (C1) and 4-[5-(naphthalen-1-ylmethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl] benzene1,3-diol (NTBD) are representative derivatives of the thiadiazole group, with a high antimycotic potential and minimal toxicity against normal human fibroblast cells. The present study has proved its ability to synergize with the antifungal activity of AmB. The aim of this work was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of C1 or NTBD, alone or in combination with AmB, on human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells (RPTECs) in vitro. Cell viability was assessed with the MTT assay. Flow cytometry and spectrofluorimetric techniques were used to assess the type of cell death and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), respectively. The ELISA assay was performed to measure the caspase-2, -3, and -9 activity. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy was used to evaluate biomolecular changes in RPTECs induced by the tested formulas. The combinations of C1/NTBD and AmB did not exert a strong inhibitory effect on the viability/growth of kidney cells, as evidenced by the negligible changes in the apoptotic/necrotic rate and caspase activity, compared to the control cells. Both NTBD and C1 displayed stronger anti-oxidant activity when combined with AmB. The relatively low nephrotoxicity of the thiadiazole derivative combinations and the protective activity against AmB-induced oxidative stress may indicate their potential use in the therapy of fungal infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Dróżdż
- Department of Cell Biology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Adrianna Sławińska-Brych
- Department of Cell Biology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Dominika Kubera
- Department of Cell Biology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kimsa-Dudek
- Department of Nutrigenomics and Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Magdalena Gola
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Jolanta Adamska
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Celina Kruszniewska-Rajs
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Matwijczuk
- Department of Biophysics, University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Karcz
- Department of Chemical Technology and Environmental Analytics, Cracow University of Technology, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
| | - Wojciech Dąbrowski
- I Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy with Clinical Paediatric Department, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Stepulak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Mariusz Gagoś
- Department of Cell Biology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Characterisation of cytotoxicity and immunomodulatory effects of glycolipid biosurfactants on human keratinocytes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 107:137-152. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12302-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Skin irritation and allergic reactions associated with the use of skincare products formulated with synthetically derived surfactants such as sodium lauryl ether sulphate (SLES) have encouraged the search for naturally derived and biocompatible alternatives. Glycolipid biosurfactants such as sophorolipids (SL) and rhamnolipids (RL) offer a potential alternative to SLES. However, most studies on the bioactive properties of microbial glycolipids were determined using their mixed congeners, resulting in significant inter-study variations. This study aims to compare the effects of highly purified SL (acidic and lactonic) and RL (mono-RL and di-RL) congeners and SLES on a spontaneously transformed human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT cells) to assess glycolipids’ safety for potential skincare applications. Preparations of acidic SL congeners were 100% pure, lactonic SL were 100% pure, mono-RL were 96% pure, and di-RL were 97% pure. Cell viability using XTT assays, cell morphological analyses, and immunoassays revealed that microbial glycolipids have differing effects on HaCaT cells dependent on chemical structure. Compared with SLES, acidic SL and mono-RL have negligible effects on cell viability, cell morphology, and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, at non-inhibitory concentrations, di-RL significantly attenuated IL-8 production and CXCL8 expression while increasing IL-1RA production and IL1RN expression in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated HaCaT cells. Although further studies would be required, these results demonstrate that as potential innocuous and bioactive compounds, microbial glycolipids could provide a substitute to synthetic surfactants in skincare formulations and perform immunopharmacological roles in topical skin infections such as psoriasis.
Key points
• Purified glycolipid congeners have differing effects on human keratinocytes.
• Compared with SLES, acidic sophorolipids and mono-rhamnolipids have innocuous effects on keratinocytes.
• Di-rhamnolipids and mono-rhamnolipids modulate cytokine production in lipopolysaccharide stimulated human keratinocytes.
Collapse
|
9
|
Bonturi CR, Salu BR, Bonazza CN, Sinigaglia RDC, Rodrigues T, Alvarez-Flores MP, Chudzinski-Tavassi AM, Oliva MLV. Proliferation and Invasion of Melanoma Are Suppressed by a Plant Protease Inhibitor, Leading to Downregulation of Survival/Death-Related Proteins. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27092956. [PMID: 35566311 PMCID: PMC9104945 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cell adhesion and migration are crucial for cancer progression and malignancy. Drugs available for the treatment of metastatic melanoma are expensive and unfit for certain patients. Therefore, there is still a need to identify new drugs that block tumor cell development. We investigated the effects of Enterolobium contortisiliquum trypsin inhibitor (EcTI), a protease inhibitor, on cell viability, cell migration, invasion, cell adhesion, and cell death (hallmarks of cancer) in vitro using human melanoma cells (SK-MEL-28 and CHL-1). Although EcTI did not affect non-tumor cells, it significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion, and adhesion of melanoma cells. Investigation of the underlying mechanisms revealed that EcTI triggered apoptosis and nuclear shrinkage, increased PI uptake, activated effector caspases-3/7, and produced reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, EcTI disrupted the mitochondrial membrane potential, altered calcium homeostasis, and modified proteins associated with survival and apoptosis/autophagy regulation. Acridine orange staining indicated acidic vesicular organelle formation upon EcTI treatment, demonstrating a cell death display. Electronic microscopy corroborated the apoptotic pattern by allowing the visualization of apoptotic bodies, mitochondrial cristae disorganization, and autophagic vesicles. Taken together, these results provide new insights into the anti-cancer properties of the natural EcTI protein, establishing it as a promising new therapeutic drug for use in melanoma treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila Ramalho Bonturi
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Bruno Ramos Salu
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Camila Nimri Bonazza
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cassia Sinigaglia
- Electron Microscopy Center, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Tiago Rodrigues
- Centre for Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André 09210-580, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Luiza Vilela Oliva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04044-020, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pribyl M, Taus P, Prado-López S, Dozio SM, Schrenk W, Haslinger MJ, Kopp S, Mühlberger M, Wanzenboeck HD. Dense high aspect ratio nanostructures for cell chip applications - Fabrication, replication, and cell interactions. MICRO AND NANO ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mne.2022.100121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
11
|
Lessieur EM, Liu H, Saadane A, Du Y, Tang J, Kiser J, Kern TS. Neutrophil-Derived Proteases Contribute to the Pathogenesis of Early Diabetic Retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:7. [PMID: 34643662 PMCID: PMC8525836 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.13.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Previous studies indicate that leukocytes, notably neutrophils, play a causal role in the capillary degeneration observed in diabetic retinopathy (DR), however, the mechanism by which they cause such degeneration is unknown. Neutrophil elastase (NE) is a protease released by neutrophils which participates in a variety of inflammatory diseases. In the present work, we investigated the potential involvement of NE in the development of early DR. Methods Experimental diabetes was induced in NE-deficient mice (Elane-/-), in mice treated daily with the NE inhibitor, sivelestat, and in mice overexpressing human alpha-1 antitrypsin (hAAT+). Mice were assessed for diabetes-induced retinal superoxide generation, inflammation, leukostasis, and capillary degeneration. Results In mice diabetic for 2 months, deletion of NE or selective inhibition of NE inhibited diabetes-induced retinal superoxide levels and inflammation, and inhibited leukocyte-mediated cytotoxicity of retinal endothelial cells. In mice diabetic for 8 months, genetic deletion of NE significantly inhibited diabetes-induced retinal capillary degeneration. Conclusions These results suggest that a protease released from neutrophils contributes to the development of DR, and that blocking NE activity could be a novel therapy to inhibit DR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma M Lessieur
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California - Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Haitao Liu
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | - Aicha Saadane
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California - Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Yunpeng Du
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California - Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | - Jianying Kiser
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California - Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Timothy S Kern
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California - Irvine, Irvine, California, United States.,Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States.,Veterans Administration Medical Center Research Service, Long Beach, California, United States
| |
Collapse
|