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Moglad E, Elekhnawy E, Negm WA, Mokhtar FA, Binsuwaidan R, Attallah NGM, Ahmed E, Magdeldin S, Al-Fakhrany OM. Evaluation of Tamarix nilotica Fractions in Combating Candida albicans Infections. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2024; 22:241-251. [PMID: 37387417 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2023.2232112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evaluation of the antifungal properties of Tamarix nilotica fractions against Candida albicans clinical isolates. METHODS The in vitro antifungal potential was evaluated by agar well diffusion and broth microdilution methods. The antibiofilm potential was assessed by crystal violet, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and qRT-PCR. The in vivo antifungal activity was evaluated by determining the burden in the lung tissues of infected mice, histopathological, immunohistochemical studies, and ELISA. RESULTS Both the dichloromethane (DCM) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fractions had minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 64-256 and 128-1024 μg/mL, respectively. SEM examination showed that the DCM fraction decreased the biofilm formation capacity of the treated isolates. A significant decline in biofilm gene expression was observed in 33.33% of the DCM-treated isolates. A considerable decline in the CFU/g lung count in infected mice was observed, and histopathological examinations revealed that the DCM fraction maintained the lung tissue architecture. Immunohistochemical investigations indicated that the DCM fraction significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, NF-kB, COX-2, IL-6, and IL-1β) in the immunostained lung sections. The phytochemical profiling of DCM and EtOAc fractions was performed using Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). CONCLUSION T. nilotica DCM fraction could be a significant source of natural products with antifungal activity against C. albicans infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehssan Moglad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Engy Elekhnawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Walaa A Negm
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Fatma A Mokhtar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, El Saleheya El Gadida University, El Saleheya El Gadida, Egypt
| | - Reem Binsuwaidan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Eman Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Research Program, Department of Basic Research, Children's Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sameh Magdeldin
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Research Program, Department of Basic Research, Children's Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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Functional stability of vegetation following biocontrol of an invasive riparian shrub. Biol Invasions 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-022-02967-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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Recovery of a native tree following removal of an invasive competitor with implications for endangered bird habitat. Biol Invasions 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-022-02805-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Henry AL, González E, Bourgeois B, Sher AA. Invasive tree cover covaries with environmental factors to explain the functional composition of riparian plant communities. Oecologia 2021; 196:1139-1152. [PMID: 34331568 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-021-04990-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Invasive species are a major cause of biodiversity loss worldwide, but their impact on communities and the mechanisms driving those impacts are varied and not well understood. This study employs functional diversity metrics and guilds-suites of species with similar traits-to assess the influence of an invasive tree (Tamarix spp.) on riparian plant communities in the southwestern United States. We asked: (1) What traits define riparian plant guilds in this system? (2) How do the abundances of guilds vary along gradients of Tamarix cover and abiotic conditions? (3) How does the functional diversity of the plant community respond to the gradients of Tamarix cover and abiotic conditions? We found nine distinct guilds primarily defined by reproductive strategy, as well as growth form, height, seed weight, specific leaf area, drought and anaerobic tolerance. Guild abundance varied along a covarying gradient of local and regional environmental factors and Tamarix cover. Guilds relying on sexual reproduction, in particular, those producing many light seeds over a long period of time were more strongly associated with drier sites and higher Tamarix cover. Tamarix itself appeared to facilitate more shade-tolerant species with higher specific leaf areas than would be expected in resource-poor environments. Additionally, we found a high degree of specialization (low functional diversity) in the wettest, most flood-prone, lowest Tamarix cover sites as well as in the driest, most stable, highest Tamarix cover sites. These guilds can be used to anticipate plant community response to restoration efforts and in selecting appropriate species for revegetation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Henry
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - E González
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - B Bourgeois
- Department of Plant Sciences, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - A A Sher
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA.
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Combined effects of biological control of an invasive shrub and fluvial processes on riparian vegetation dynamics. Biol Invasions 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02259-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Mangachena J, Geerts S. The absence of keystone indigenous trees inhibits bird recovery up to a decade after invasive tree removal from riparian habitats. ACTA OECOLOGICA 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2019.103483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Clark LB, Henry AL, Lave R, Sayre NF, González E, Sher AA. Successful information exchange between restoration science and practice. Restor Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa B. Clark
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Denver Denver CO 80208‐9010 U.S.A
| | - Annie L. Henry
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Denver Denver CO 80208‐9010 U.S.A
| | - Rebecca Lave
- Department of Geography Indiana University Bloomington IN 47405 U.S.A
| | - Nathan F. Sayre
- Department of Geography University of California Berkeley CA 94720 U.S.A
| | - Eduardo González
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Denver Denver CO 80208‐9010 U.S.A
- Department of Biology Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 U.S.A
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De León Ibarra A, Mariano NA, Sorani V, Flores-Franco G, Rendón Alquicira E, Wehncke EV. Physical environmental conditions determine ubiquitous spatial differentiation of standing plants and seedbanks in Neotropical riparian dry forests. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212185. [PMID: 30865660 PMCID: PMC6415903 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mexican tropical dry forests are remarkably extensive and floristically diverse despite manifesting alarming rates of deforestation. Riparian habitats within dry forests provide critical ecological benefits that may mitigate negative impacts, but processes underlying riparian functions are still not well understood. We identified physical environmental conditions affecting the composition and abundance of standing vegetation assemblages and woody and herbaceous components in soil seedbank assemblages of riparian corridors in central Mexico using mainly NMDS ordination techniques, permuted analysis of variance (PERMANOVA), permuted analysis of multivariate dispersions and constrained ordination (CAP). We then determined representative species associated with particular environmental conditions using an indicator species analysis and assessed the effects of physical environmental variables/factors on total seed abundances by fitting a mixed-effect model. For the standing vegetation study, we assessed the effects of the type of the river condition (differing in surface flow permanence), location, and height above river level on the community composition based on three species importance criteria (abundance, coverage and DBH). For the soil seedbank study, we assessed the effects of these variables/factors plus season and land use. Spatial heterogeneity was a prevailing feature in riparian vegetation, in the standing vegetation and soil seedbank of both woody and herbaceous components. Height above river level had a significant effect on the three species importance criteria of standing vegetation and so did the interaction between surface flow permanence and height on coverage. The soil seedbank of woody and herbaceous plants showed significant differences between seasons; Taxodium mucronatum was an indicator tree species in dry seasons. Land use, height, surface flow permanence and the interaction between land use and surface flow permanence had significant effects on the soil seedbank of herbaceous plants. Total seed abundances in the soil varied between years and were higher at lower height values, during the dry seasons, and when rivers were permanent. Tree communities, commonly the most important elements in riparian ecosystems, were preserved in the soil seedbank of cultivated areas for >30 years. Seeds of herbaceous communities were predominant and ecologically relevant as indicator species because of their high sensitivity to several key environmental factors, constituting a critical component of Mexican tropical dry forests riparian corridors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra De León Ibarra
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Néstor A. Mariano
- Instituto de Ambiente de Montaña y Regiones Áridas, Universidad Nacional de Chilecito, Chilecito, La Rioja, Argentina
| | - Valentino Sorani
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Gabriel Flores-Franco
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Evodio Rendón Alquicira
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Elisabet V. Wehncke
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
- * E-mail: ,
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Panetta FD, O’Loughlin LS, Gooden B. Identifying thresholds and ceilings in plant community recovery for optimal management of widespread weeds. NEOBIOTA 2019. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.42.30797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A substantial body of work underlies the theory and practice of early intervention in the management of invasive alien plants, but less attention has been paid to the strategic management of widespread weeds, especially in the context of natural asset recovery. The assumption lingers amongst some researchers and land managers that removing weeds will automatically lead to positive biodiversity outcomes, with the more weed removed, the better the outcome. However, this is often not the case, particularly for long-established weed species whose dominance has created impoverished communities with little capacity for passive recovery. A common result may be wasted investment in weed control and, in the extreme, net negative impacts upon asset values. We present a conceptual model for the management of weed-impacted assets, plus guidance for its application, with a view to improving asset recovery practice. Weed removal should be calibrated by asset recovery, which may mean not seeking to completely remove a weed at a given spatial scale. Our model focusses on weed removal that is enough to initiate asset recovery, but not more than is necessary to promote maximum expression of asset resilience, particularly in the context of secondary invasions. Optimal management efficiency will involve a proportional allocation of resources to control, monitoring and revegetation activities that is appropriate to the stage of asset recovery, as well as a willingness to revise a management goal if the original one cannot be achieved within existing constraints on resources.
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González E, Martínez-Fernández V, Shafroth PB, Sher AA, Henry AL, Garófano-Gómez V, Corenblit D. Regeneration of Salicaceae riparian forests in the Northern Hemisphere: A new framework and management tool. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 218:374-387. [PMID: 29704833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Human activities on floodplains have severely disrupted the regeneration of foundation riparian shrub and tree species of the Salicaceae family (Populus and Salix spp.) throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Restoration ecologists initially tackled this problem from a terrestrial perspective that emphasized planting. More recently, floodplain restoration activities have embraced an aquatic perspective, inspired by the expanding practice of managing river flows to improve river health (environmental flows). However, riparian Salicaceae species occupy floodplain and riparian areas, which lie at the interface of both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems along watercourses. Thus, their regeneration depends on a complex interaction of hydrologic and geomorphic processes that have shaped key life-cycle requirements for seedling establishment. Ultimately, restoration needs to integrate these concepts to succeed. However, while regeneration of Salicaceae is now reasonably well-understood, the literature reporting restoration actions on Salicaceae regeneration is sparse, and a specific theoretical framework is still missing. Here, we have reviewed 105 peer-reviewed published experiences in restoration of Salicaceae forests, including 91 projects in 10 world regions, to construct a decision tree to inform restoration planning through explicit links between the well-studied biophysical requirements of Salicaceae regeneration and 17 specific restoration actions, the most popular being planting (in 55% of the projects), land contouring (30%), removal of competing vegetation (30%), site selection (26%), and irrigation (24%). We also identified research gaps related to Salicaceae forest restoration and discuss alternative, innovative and feasible approaches that incorporate the human component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo González
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, 80523, Fort Collins, CO, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, 80208-9010, Denver, CO, USA.
| | - Vanesa Martínez-Fernández
- Department of Natural Systems and Resources, E.T.S. Ingeniería de Montes, Forestal y del Medio Natural, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patrick B Shafroth
- Fort Collins Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 80526 Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Anna A Sher
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, 80208-9010, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Annie L Henry
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, 80208-9010, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Virginia Garófano-Gómez
- Institut d'Investigació per a la Gestió Integrada de Zones Costaneres (IGIC), Universitat Politècnica de València, Paranimf 1, 46730 Grau de Gandia, València, Spain; Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, GEOLAB, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Dov Corenblit
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, GEOLAB, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Henry AL, González E, Robinson WW, Bourgeois B, Sher AA. Spatial modeling improves understanding patterns of invasive species defoliation by a biocontrol herbivore. Biol Invasions 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-018-1794-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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12
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Gaffke AM, Sing SE, Dudley TL, Bean DW, Russak JA, Mafra‐Neto A, Grieco PA, Peterson RKD, Weaver DK. Semiochemicals to enhance herbivory by Diorhabda carinulata aggregations in saltcedar (Tamarix spp.) infestations. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2018; 74:1494-1503. [PMID: 29314635 PMCID: PMC5969109 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Semiochemicals for monitoring, attracting or repelling pest and beneficial organisms are increasingly deployed in agricultural and forest systems for pest management. However, the use of aggregation pheromones and host-plant attractants for the express purpose of increasing the efficacy of classical biological control agents of weeds has not been widely reported. Therefore, we conducted field-based assays to determine if a specialized wax-based matrix impregnated with an aggregation pheromone of the northern tamarisk beetle Diorhabda carinulata (Desbrochers) or host-plant volatiles could increase the efficacy of D. carinulata. RESULTS The aggregation pheromone and host-plant volatiles were formulated for field application using a wax-based matrix. Reported release rates suggest that this matrix is a viable formulation for enhancing D. carinulata aggregations under field conditions. Pheromone-treated saltcedar plants (Tamarix spp.) not only had higher densities of adult and larval D. carinulata, but also sustained greater levels of foliar damage than control plants. Increased damage from the focused feeding of D. carinulata caused an increase in foliar dieback and decrease in live canopy volume of semiochemical-treated plants. CONCLUSION Field deployment of these semiochemical formulations could be useful in directing populations of D. carinulata for increased impact on Tamarix spp. © 2018 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Gaffke
- Department of Land Resources and Environmental SciencesMontana State UniversityBozemanMTUSA
| | - Sharlene E Sing
- USDA Forest ServiceRocky Mountain Research StationBozemanMTUSA
| | - Tom L Dudley
- Marine Science InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCAUSA
| | - Daniel W Bean
- Colorado Department of AgriculturePalisade InsectaryPalisadeCOUSA
| | - Justin A Russak
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of California Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCAUSA
| | | | - Paul A Grieco
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryMontana State UniversityBozemanMTUSA
| | - Robert KD Peterson
- Department of Land Resources and Environmental SciencesMontana State UniversityBozemanMTUSA
| | - David K Weaver
- Department of Land Resources and Environmental SciencesMontana State UniversityBozemanMTUSA
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