1
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He A, Jiang Z, Wu Y, Hussain H, Rawle J, Briggs ME, Little MA, Livingston AG, Cooper AI. A smart and responsive crystalline porous organic cage membrane with switchable pore apertures for graded molecular sieving. NATURE MATERIALS 2022; 21:463-470. [PMID: 35013552 PMCID: PMC8971131 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-01168-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Membranes with high selectivity offer an attractive route to molecular separations, where technologies such as distillation and chromatography are energy intensive. However, it remains challenging to fine tune the structure and porosity in membranes, particularly to separate molecules of similar size. Here, we report a process for producing composite membranes that comprise crystalline porous organic cage films fabricated by interfacial synthesis on a polyacrylonitrile support. These membranes exhibit ultrafast solvent permeance and high rejection of organic dyes with molecular weights over 600 g mol-1. The crystalline cage film is dynamic, and its pore aperture can be switched in methanol to generate larger pores that provide increased methanol permeance and higher molecular weight cut-offs (1,400 g mol-1). By varying the water/methanol ratio, the film can be switched between two phases that have different selectivities, such that a single, 'smart' crystalline membrane can perform graded molecular sieving. We exemplify this by separating three organic dyes in a single-stage, single-membrane process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai He
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Zhiwei Jiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | | | - Michael E Briggs
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Marc A Little
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Andrew G Livingston
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK.
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - Andrew I Cooper
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
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2
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Altintoprak K, Farajollahi F, Seidenstücker A, Ullrich T, Wenz NL, Krolla P, Plettl A, Ziemann P, Marti O, Walther P, Exner D, Schwaiger R, Gliemann H, Wege C. Improved manufacture of hybrid membranes with bionanopore adapters capable of self-luting. BIOINSPIRED BIOMIMETIC AND NANOBIOMATERIALS 2019. [DOI: 10.1680/jbibn.18.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Klara Altintoprak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Plant Virology, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Farid Farajollahi
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | | | - Timo Ullrich
- Department of Molecular Biology and Plant Virology, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nana L Wenz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Plant Virology, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Peter Krolla
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Alfred Plettl
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Paul Ziemann
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Othmar Marti
- Institute of Experimental Physics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Paul Walther
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Daniela Exner
- Institute for Applied Materials – Materials and Biomechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ruth Schwaiger
- Institute for Applied Materials – Materials and Biomechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Hartmut Gliemann
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christina Wege
- Department of Molecular Biology and Plant Virology, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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3
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Pourbasheer E, Azari Z, Ganjali MR. Recent Advances in Biosensors Based Nanostructure for Pharmaceutical Analysis. CURR ANAL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411014666180319152853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The development of novel nanostructures for pharmaceutical analysis has received
great attention. Biosensors are a class of analytical techniques competent in the rapid quantification
of drugs. Recently, the nanostructures have been applied for modification of biosensors.
Objective:
The goal of the present study is to review novel nanostructures for pharmaceutical analysis
by biosensors.
Method:
In this review, the application of different biosensors was extensively discussed.
Results:
Biosensors based nanostructures are a powerful alternative to conventional analytical techniques,
enabling highly sensitive, real-time, and high-frequency monitoring of drugs without extensive
sample preparation. Several examples of their application have been reported.
Conclusion:
The present paper reviews the recent advances on the pharmaceutical analysis of biosensor
based nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eslam Pourbasheer
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, P.O. Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zhila Azari
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, P.O. Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ganjali
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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4
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Yang N, Swain GM, Jiang X. Nanocarbon Electrochemistry and Electroanalysis: Current Status and Future Perspectives. ELECTROANAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201500577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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5
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Effect of processing parameters on pore opening and mechanism of voltage pulse detachment of nanoporous anodic alumina. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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6
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Yan F, Zheng W, Yao L, Su B. Direct electrochemical analysis in complex samples using ITO electrodes modified with permselective membranes consisting of vertically ordered silica mesochannels and micelles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:17736-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc08425c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report a simple and cost-effective method for direct electrochemical detection of redox-active small organic analytes in complex media, such as soil dispersions, human serum and milk, without sample pre-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yan
- Institute of Microanalytical Systems
- Department of Chemistry & Center for Chemistry of High-Performance and Novel Materials
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
| | - Wenjing Zheng
- Institute of Microanalytical Systems
- Department of Chemistry & Center for Chemistry of High-Performance and Novel Materials
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
| | - Lina Yao
- Institute of Microanalytical Systems
- Department of Chemistry & Center for Chemistry of High-Performance and Novel Materials
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
| | - Bin Su
- Institute of Microanalytical Systems
- Department of Chemistry & Center for Chemistry of High-Performance and Novel Materials
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
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Liu X, Chen N, Gu JL, Du J, Yao KF. Novel Cu–Ag bimetallic porous nanomembrane prepared from a multi-component metallic glass. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra08332j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cu–Ag bimetallic porous nanomembranes, prepared by chemical dealloying assisted with ultrasonic vibration, exhibit thicknesses of ∼5 to 50 nm, pore diameters of ∼10 to 20 nm and ligament feature sizes of ∼30 to 50 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Liu
- Key Lab of Advanced Materials Processing Technology of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Na Chen
- Key Lab of Advanced Materials Processing Technology of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Jia-Lun Gu
- Key Lab of Advanced Materials Processing Technology of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Jing Du
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering
- Department of Engineering Mechanics
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Ke-Fu Yao
- Key Lab of Advanced Materials Processing Technology of Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
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8
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Sun Y, Li P, Qiao Y, Li Y. Time-dependent gas-liquid interaction in molecular-sized nanopores. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6547. [PMID: 25293525 PMCID: PMC4189019 DOI: 10.1038/srep06547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Different from a bulk phase, a gas nanophase can have a significant effect on liquid motion. Herein we report a series of experimental results on molecular behaviors of water in a zeolite β of molecular-sized nanopores. If sufficient time is provided, the confined water molecules can be "locked" inside a nanopore; otherwise, gas nanophase provides a driving force for water "outflow". This is due to the difficult molecular site exchanges and the relatively slow gas-liquid diffusion in the nanoenvironment. Depending on the loading rate, the zeolite β/water system may exhibit either liquid-spring or energy-absorber characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueting Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Penghui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Yu Qiao
- Department of Structural Engineering, University of California – San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0085, USA
| | - Yibing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
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9
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Lee W, Park SJ. Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxide: Anodization and Templated Synthesis of Functional Nanostructures. Chem Rev 2014; 114:7487-556. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500002z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 905] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Woo Lee
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Yuseong, 305-340 Daejeon, Korea
- Department
of Nano Science, University of Science and Technology (UST), Yuseong, 305-333 Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang-Joon Park
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Yuseong, 305-340 Daejeon, Korea
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10
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Homaei AA, Sariri R, Vianello F, Stevanato R. Enzyme immobilization: an update. J Chem Biol 2013; 6:185-205. [PMID: 24432134 DOI: 10.1007/s12154-013-0102-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 474] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared to free enzymes in solution, immobilized enzymes are more robust and more resistant to environmental changes. More importantly, the heterogeneity of the immo-bilized enzyme systems allows an easy recovery of both enzymes and products, multiple re-use of enzymes, continuous operation of enzymatic processes, rapid termination of reactions, and greater variety of bioreactor designs. This paper is a review of the recent literatures on enzyme immobilization by various techniques, the need for immobilization and different applications in industry, covering the last two decades. The most recent papers, patents, and reviews on immobilization strategies and application are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Abolpour Homaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hormozgan, Bandarabbas, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Sariri
- Reyhaneh Sariri, Department of Microbiology, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran
| | - Fabio Vianello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Roberto Stevanato
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, University of Venice, Venice, Italy
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11
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Preparation of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) nano-template on silicon and its application to one-dimensional copper nano-pillar array formation. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-012-0124-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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12
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Yang L, Zhai Q, Li G, Jiang H, Han L, Wang J, Wang E. A light transmission technique for pore size measurement in track-etched membranes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:11415-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc45841e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Abstract
Carbon nanotubes offer exciting opportunities for devising highly-sensitive detectors of specific molecules in biology and the environment. Detection limits as low as 10(-11) M have already been achieved using nanotube-based sensors. We propose the design of a biosensor comprised of functionalized carbon nanotube pores embedded in a silicon-nitride or other membrane, fluorofullerene-Fragment antigen-binding (Fab fragment) conjugates, and polymer beads with complementary Fab fragments. We show by using molecular and stochastic dynamics that conduction through the (9, 9) exohydrogenated carbon nanotubes is 20 times larger than through the Ion Channel Switch ICS(TM) biosensor, and fluorofullerenes block the nanotube entrance with a dissociation constant as low as 37 pM. Under normal operating conditions and in the absence of analyte, fluorofullerenes block the nanotube pores and the polymer beads float around in the reservoir. When analyte is injected into the reservoir the Fab fragments attached to the fluorofullerene and polymer bead crosslink to the analyte. The drag of the much larger polymer bead then acts to pull the fluorofullerene from the nanotube entrance, thereby allowing the flow of monovalent cations across the membrane. Assuming a tight seal is formed between the two reservoirs, such a biosensor would be able to detect one channel opening and thus one molecule of analyte making it a highly sensitive detection design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamsyn A. Hilder
- Computational Biophysics Group, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 0200, Australia; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +61-2-6125-4034; Fax: +61-2-6125-0739
| | - Ron J. Pace
- Biophysical Chemistry, Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 0200, Australia; E-Mail:
| | - Shin-Ho Chung
- Computational Biophysics Group, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 0200, Australia; E-Mail:
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14
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Velleman L, Losic D, Shapter JG. The effects of surface functionality positioning on the transport properties of membranes. J Memb Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Ansari R, Kazemi E, Mahmoudinezhad E, Sadeghi F. Preferred Position and Orientation of Anticancer Drug Cisplatin During Encapsulation Into Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. J Nanotechnol Eng Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4006916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the most widely prescribed chemotherapy drugs to treat different types of cancers. However, this anticancer drug has a number of side effects such as kidney and nerve damages, anaphylactic reactions, hearing loss, nausea, and vomiting that strongly restrict its function. In the present study, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are used as protective drug carriers which can decrease these severe side effects to some extent. Using the hybrid discrete-continuum model in conjunction with Lennard-Jones potential, new semi-analytical expressions in terms of single integrals are given to evaluate van der Waals (vdW) potential energy and interaction force between an offset cisplatin and a SWCNT. In addition, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are conducted to validate the results of such a hybrid approach. The preferred location and orientation of cisplatin while entering SWCNTs are determined. It is shown that the equilibrium condition of the drug may be affected by the radius of nanotube, the orientation of cisplatin, and the distance between the central molecule of the drug (Pt) and the left end of nanotube. Furthermore, the influence of equilibrium condition on the distributions of vdW interactions is investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Ansari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Guilan,P.O. Box 3756, Rasht, Iran
| | - E. Kazemi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Guilan,P.O. Box 3756, Rasht, Iran
| | - E. Mahmoudinezhad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Guilan,P.O. Box 3756, Rasht, Iran
| | - F. Sadeghi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Guilan,P.O. Box 3756, Rasht, Iran
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16
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Chen JT, Chen WL, Fan PW. Hierarchical Structures by Wetting Porous Templates with Electrospun Polymer Fibers. ACS Macro Lett 2012; 1:41-46. [PMID: 35578450 DOI: 10.1021/mz200008e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate a simple route to fabricate hierarchical structures by combining the electrospinning technique and the wetting of porous templates. Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) fibers are first prepared by electrospinning and are collected on a glass substrate. The PMMA fibers are then brought into contact with an anodic aluminum oxide template. Upon thermal annealing above the glass transition temperature of PMMA, wetting of the polymer chains into the nanopores occurs. After the removal of the AAO template, ordered arrays of nanorods on polymer fibers are obtained. This approach is also applied to polystyrene (PS), and similar structures are obtained. This work provides a promising approach to fabricate hierarchical polymer structures with sizes that can be controlled over the nanoscopic and microscopic length scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiun-Tai Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30050
| | - Wan-Ling Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30050
| | - Ping-Wen Fan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30050
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17
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Lyu SH, Lee JS. Highly scalable resistive switching memory cells using pore-size-controlled nanoporous alumina templates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm14592d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Contento NM, Branagan SP, Bohn PW. Electrolysis in nanochannels for in situ reagent generation in confined geometries. LAB ON A CHIP 2011; 11:3634-3641. [PMID: 21912801 DOI: 10.1039/c1lc20570f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In situ generation of reactive species within confined geometries, such as nanopores or nanochannels is of significant interest in overcoming mass transport limitations in chemical reactivity. Solvent electrolysis is a simple process that can readily be coupled to nanochannels for the electrochemical generation of reactive species, such as H(2). Here the production of hydrogen-rich liquid volumes within nanofluidic structures, without bubble nucleation or nanochannel occlusion, is explored both experimentally and by modeling. Devices comprised of multiple horizontal nanochannels intersecting planar working and quasi-reference electrodes were constructed and used to study the effects of confinement and reduced working volume on the electrochemical reduction of H(2)O to H(2) and OH(-). H(2) production in the nanochannel-embedded electrode reactor output was monitored by fluorescence emission of fluorescein, which exhibits a pH-dependent emission intensity. Initially, the fluorescein solution was buffered to pH 6.0 prior to stepping the potential cathodic of E(0)' for the generation of OH(-) and H(2). Because the electrochemical products are obtained in a 2:1 stoichiometry, local measurements of pH during and after the cathodic potential steps can be converted into H(2) production rates. Independent experimental estimates of the local H(2) concentration were then obtained from the spatiotemporal fluorescence behavior and current measurements, and these were compared with finite element simulations accounting for electrolysis and subsequent convection and diffusion within the confined geometry. Local dissolved H(2) concentrations were correlated to partial pressures through Henry's Law and values as large as 8.3 atm were obtained at the most negative potential steps. The downstream availability of electrolytically produced H(2) in nanochannels is evaluated in terms of its possible use as a downstream reducing reagent. The results obtained here indicate that H(2) can easily reach saturation concentrations at modest overpotentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M Contento
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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19
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Mafakheri E, Salimi A, Hallaj R, Ramazani A, Kashi MA. Synthesis of Iridium Oxide Nanotubes by Electrodeposition into Polycarbonate Template: Fabrication of Chromium(III) and Arsenic(III) Electrochemical Sensor. ELECTROANAL 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201100332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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20
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Velleman L, Bruneel JL, Guillaume F, Losic D, Shapter JG. Raman spectroscopy probing of self-assembled monolayers inside the pores of gold nanotube membranes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:19587-93. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21765h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Abstract
Given the increasing demand for practical and low-cost analytical techniques, biosensors have attracted attention for use in the quality analysis of drugs, medicines, and other analytes of interest in the pharmaceutical area. Biosensors allow quantification not only of the active component in pharmaceutical formulations, but also the analysis of degradation products and metabolites in biological fluids. Thus, this article presents a brief review of biosensor use in pharmaceutical analysis, focusing on enzymatic electrochemical sensors.
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23
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Jonsson MP, Dahlin AB, Feuz L, Petronis S, Höök F. Locally Functionalized Short-Range Ordered Nanoplasmonic Pores for Bioanalytical Sensing. Anal Chem 2010; 82:2087-94. [DOI: 10.1021/ac902925e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus P. Jonsson
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andreas B. Dahlin
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Laurent Feuz
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sarunas Petronis
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Höök
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
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24
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Tao F, Gao C, Xu Z, Xue Z. A facile synthesis method of nickel nanotubes assisted by polyethylene glycol. POLYM ENG SCI 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.21507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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25
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Liu H, Wang F, Zhao Y, Liu J, Park KC, Endo M. Synthesis of iron–palladium binary alloy nanotubes by template-assisted electrodeposition from metal-complex solution. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2009.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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27
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Pore opening detection for controlled dissolution of barrier oxide layer and fabrication of nanoporous alumina with through-hole morphology. J Memb Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2008.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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28
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Gold nanotube membranes functionalised with fluorinated thiols for selective molecular transport. J Memb Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2008.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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29
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Corduneanu O, Diculescu VC, Chiorcea-Paquim AM, Oliveira-Brett AM. Shape-controlled palladium nanowires and nanoparticles electrodeposited on carbon electrodes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2008.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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30
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Murray RW. Nanoelectrochemistry: Metal Nanoparticles, Nanoelectrodes, and Nanopores. Chem Rev 2008; 108:2688-720. [DOI: 10.1021/cr068077e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 963] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Schwirn K, Lee W, Hillebrand R, Steinhart M, Nielsch K, Gösele U. Self-ordered anodic aluminum oxide formed by H2SO4 hard anodization. ACS NANO 2008; 2:302-310. [PMID: 19206631 DOI: 10.1021/nn7001322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The self-ordering of nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) in the course of the hard anodization (HA) of aluminum in sulfuric acid (H2SO4) solutions at anodization voltages ranging from 27 to 80 V was investigated. Direct H2SO4-HA yielded AAOs with hexagonal pore arrays having interpore distances D(int) ranging from 72 to 145 nm. However, the AAOs were mechanically unstable and cracks formed along the cell boundaries. Therefore, we modified the anodization procedure previously employed for oxalic acid HA (H2C2O4-HA) to suppress the development of cracks and to fabricate mechanically robust AAO films with D(int) values ranging from 78 to 114 nm. Image analyses based on scanning electron micrographs revealed that at a given anodization voltage the self-ordering of nanopores as well as D(int) depend on the current density (i.e., the electric field strength at the bottoms of the pores). Moreover, periodic oscillations of the pore diameter formed at anodization voltages in the range from 27 to 32 V, which are reminiscent of structures originating from the spontaneous growth of periodic fluctuations, such as topologies resulting from Rayleigh instabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Schwirn
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany
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32
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Monitoring Transport Across Modified Nanoporous Alumina Membranes. SENSORS 2007; 7:2942-2952. [PMID: 28903271 PMCID: PMC3965222 DOI: 10.3390/s7112942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2007] [Accepted: 11/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the use of several characterization methods to examinealumina nanotubule membranes that have been modified with specific silanes. The functionof these silanes is to alter the transport properties through the membrane by changing thelocal environment inside the alumina nanotube. The presence of alkyl groups, either long(C18) or short and branched (isopropyl) hydrocarbon chains, on these silanes significantlydecreases the rate of transport of permeant molecules through membranes containingalumina nanotubes as monitored via absorbance spectroscopy. The presence of an ionicsurfactant can alter the polarity of these modified nanotubes, which correlates to anincreased transport of ions. Fluorescent spectroscopy is also utilized to enhance thesensitivity of detecting these permeant molecules. Confirmation of the alkylsilaneattachment to the alumina membrane is achieved with traditional infrared spectroscopy,which can also examine the lifetime of the modified membrane. The physical parameters ofthese silane-modified porous alumina membranes are studied via scanning electronmicroscopy. The alumina nanotubes are not physically closed off or capped by the silanesthat are attached to the alumina surfaces.
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33
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Zhang L, Swift J, Butts CA, Yerubandi V, Dmochowski IJ. Structure and activity of apoferritin-stabilized gold nanoparticles. J Inorg Biochem 2007; 101:1719-29. [PMID: 17723241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2007.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2007] [Revised: 07/12/2007] [Accepted: 07/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A simple method for synthesizing gold nanoparticles stabilized by horse spleen apoferritin (HSAF) is reported using NaBH(4) or 3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonic acid (MOPS) as the reducing agent. AuCl(4)(-) reduction by NaBH(4) was complete within a few seconds, whereas reduction by MOPS was much slower; in all cases, protein was required during reduction to keep the gold particles in aqueous solution. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the gold nanoparticles were associated with the outer surface of the protein. The average particle diameters were 3.6 and 15.4 nm for NaBH(4)-reduced and MOPS-reduced Au-HSAF, respectively. A 5-nm difference in the UV-Vis absorption maximum was observed for NaBH(4)-reduced (530 nm) and MOPS-reduced Au-HSAF (535 nm), which was attributed to the greater size and aggregation of the MOPS-reduced gold sample. NaBH(4)-reduced Au-HSAF was much more effective than MOPS-reduced Au-HSAF in catalyzing the reduction of 4-nitrophenol by NaBH(4), based on the greater accessibility of the NaBH(4)-reduced gold particle to the substrate. Rapid reduction of AuCl(4)(-) by NaBH(4) was determined to result in less surface passivation by the protein. Methods for studying ferritin-gold nanoparticle assemblies may be readily applied to other protein-metal colloid systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
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34
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Haes AJ, Zhao J, Zou S, Own CS, Marks LD, Schatz GC, Van Duyne RP. Solution-phase, triangular ag nanotriangles fabricated by nanosphere lithography. J Phys Chem B 2007; 109:11158-62. [PMID: 16852361 DOI: 10.1021/jp051178g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel method to produce solution-phase triangular silver nanoparticles is presented. Ag nanoparticles are prepared by nanosphere lithography and are subsequently released into solution. The resulting nanoparticles are asymmetrically functionalized to produce either single isolated nanoparticles or dimer pairs. The structural and optical properties of Ag nanoparticles have been characterized. Mie theory and the Discrete Dipole Approximation method (DDA) have been used to model and interpret the optical properties of the released Ag nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Haes
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
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35
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Yang Z, Si S, Dai H, Zhang C. Piezoelectric urea biosensor based on immobilization of urease onto nanoporous alumina membranes. Biosens Bioelectron 2007; 22:3283-7. [PMID: 17433665 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2007.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2006] [Revised: 02/23/2007] [Accepted: 03/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The urease was immobilized onto nanoporous alumina membranes prepared by the two-step anodization method, and a novel piezoelectric urea sensing system with separated porous alumina/urease electrode has been developed through measuring the conductivity change of immobilized urease/urea reaction. The process of urease immobilization was optimized and the performance of the developed urea biosensor was evaluated. The obtained urea biosensor presented high-selectivity monitoring of urea, better reproducibility (S.D.=0.02, n=6), shorter response time (30s), wider linear range (0.5 microM to 3mM), lower detection limit (0.2 microM) and good long-term storage stability (with about 76% of the enzymatic activity retained after 30 days). The clinical analysis of the urea biosensor confirmed the feasibility of urea detection in urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengpeng Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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36
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Kim BY, Swearingen CB, Ho JAA, Romanova EV, Bohn PW, Sweedler JV. Direct Immobilization of Fab‘ in Nanocapillaries for Manipulating Mass-Limited Samples. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:7620-6. [PMID: 17530757 DOI: 10.1021/ja070041w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Interfacing nanoscale elements into a microfluidic device enables a new range of fluidic manipulations. Nanocapillary array membranes (NCAMs), consisting of thin (5 microm < d < 20 microm) membranes containing arrays of nanometer diameter (10 nm < a < 500 nm) pores, are a convenient method of interfacing vertically separated microchannels in microfluidic devices that allow the external control of analyte transport between microfluidic channels. To add functionality to these nanopores beyond simple fluid transport, here we incorporate an antibody-based molecular recognition element onto the pore surface that allows selective capture, purification, and release of specific analytes from a mixture. The pores are fabricated by electroless plating of gold into the nanopores of an NCAM (Au-NCAM). An antibody is then immobilized on the Au-NCAM via gold-thiol chemistry as a thiolated fragment of antigen-binding (Fab') prepared by direct digestion of the antibody followed by reduction of the disulfide linkage on the hinge region. The successful immobilization and biological activity of the resultant Fab' through this protocol is verified on planar gold by fluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Selective capture and release of human insulin is verified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The relative mass spectral peak intensities for insulin versus nonantigenic peptides increase more than 20-fold after passing through the Fab'-Au-NCAM relative to the control Au-NCAM. The affinity-tagged Au-NCAM can be incorporated into microfluidic devices to allow the concentration, capture, and characterization of analytes in complex mixtures with high specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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37
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Lanyon YH, De Marzi G, Watson YE, Quinn AJ, Gleeson JP, Redmond G, Arrigan DWM. Fabrication of Nanopore Array Electrodes by Focused Ion Beam Milling. Anal Chem 2007; 79:3048-55. [PMID: 17370998 DOI: 10.1021/ac061878x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Single nanopore electrodes and nanopore electrode arrays have been fabricated using a focused ion beam (FIB) method. High aspect ratio pores (approximately 150-400-nm diameter and 500-nm depth) were fabricated using direct-write local ion milling of a silicon nitride layer over a buried platinum electrode. This local milling results in formation of a recessed platinum electrode at the base of each nanopore. The electrochemical properties of these nanopore metal electrodes have been characterized by voltammetry. Steady-state voltammograms were obtained for a range of array sizes as well as for single nanopore electrodes. High-resolution scanning electron microscopy imaging of the arrays showed that the pores had truncated cone, rather than cylindrical, conformations. A mathematical model describing diffusion to an electrode located at the base of a truncated conical pore was developed and applied to the analysis of the electrode geometries. The results imply that diffusion to the pore mouth is the dominant mass transport process rather than diffusion to the electrode surface at the base of the truncated cone. FIB milling thus represents a simple and convenient method for fabrication of prototype nanopore electrode arrays, with scope for applications in sensing and fundamental electrochemical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne H Lanyon
- Tyndall National Institute, University College, Cork, Ireland
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38
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Diculescu VC, Chiorcea-Paquim AM, Corduneanu O, Oliveira-Brett AM. Palladium nanoparticles and nanowires deposited electrochemically: AFM and electrochemical characterization. J Solid State Electrochem 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-007-0275-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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39
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Ren M, Forzani ES, Tao N. Chemical sensor based on microfabricated wristwatch tuning forks. Anal Chem 2007; 77:2700-7. [PMID: 15859583 DOI: 10.1021/ac048320e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report here a chemical sensor based on detecting the mechanical response of a thin (approximately 10-microm) polymer wire stretched across the two prongs of a wristwatch quartz tuning fork (QTF). When the fork is set to oscillate, the wire is stretched and compressed by the two prongs. The stretching/compression force changes upon adsorption of analyte molecules onto/into the polymer wire, which is detected by the QTF with pico-Newton force sensitivity. An array of such sensors with different polymer wires is used for simultaneous detection of several analytes and for improvement of pattern recognition. The low cost (approximately 10 cent) of the QTF, together with that an array of QTFs can be driven to oscillate simultaneously and their resonance frequencies detected with the same circuit, promises a high performance, low cost, and portable sensor for detecting various chemical vapors. We demonstrate here detection of parts-per-billion-level water, ethylnitrobenzene, and ethanol vapors using the QTF arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghan Ren
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Center for Solid State Electronics Research, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
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40
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Pejcic B, De Marco R. Impedance spectroscopy: Over 35 years of electrochemical sensor optimization. Electrochim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2006.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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41
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S. Hector
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Mary S. Gin
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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42
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Lee S, Müller AM, Al-Kaysi R, Bardeen CJ. Using perylene-doped polymer nanotubes as fluorescence sensors. NANO LETTERS 2006; 6:1420-4. [PMID: 16834422 DOI: 10.1021/nl060446z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Al(2)O(3) filters (200 nm) are used as templates to form polymer nanotubes containing an energy donor (perylene). The perylene is isolated from chemical interactions but can undergo electronic energy transfer to acceptor molecules in aqueous solutions passing through the membrane. This energy transfer is analyzed quantitatively in terms of both radiative and nonradiative (Forster transfer) mechanisms and provides a way for the chemically inert filter to sense the presence of analyte molecules in the filtrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soohyun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, 92521, USA
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43
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Ferancová A, Ovádeková R, Vaníčková M, Šatka A, Viglaský R, Zima J, Barek J, Labuda J. DNA-Modified Screen-Printed Electrodes with Nanostructured Films of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes, Hydroxyapatite and Montmorillonite. ELECTROANAL 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200503383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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44
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Madhavan N, Robert EC, Gin MS. A Highly Active Anion-Selective Aminocyclodextrin Ion Channel. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200501625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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45
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Madhavan N, Robert EC, Gin MS. A Highly Active Anion-Selective Aminocyclodextrin Ion Channel. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005; 44:7584-7. [PMID: 16247816 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200501625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nandita Madhavan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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46
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Lee W, Scholz R, Nielsch K, Gösele U. A Template-Based Electrochemical Method for the Synthesis of Multisegmented Metallic Nanotubes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005; 44:6050-4. [PMID: 16124018 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200501341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Woo Lee
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, 06120 Halle, Germany.
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47
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Lee W, Scholz R, Nielsch K, Gösele U. A Template-Based Electrochemical Method for the Synthesis of Multisegmented Metallic Nanotubes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200501341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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48
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Napier ME, Hull DO, Thorp HH. Electrocatalytic Oxidation of DNA-Wrapped Carbon Nanotubes. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:11952-3. [PMID: 16117529 DOI: 10.1021/ja054162c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The electrical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT) are of intense interest due to applications in nanoelectronics. Cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry have been used to explore the Ru(bpy)32+ electrocatalytic oxidation of DNA-solubilized carbon nanotubes. Dramatic current enhancements are observed with the addition of a CNT wrapped in an oligonucleotide sequence containing no oxidizable guanines. The current enhancement observed is solely due to the oxidation of the CNT by electrogenerated Ru(III) and subsequent recycling of the metal complex redox reaction. The chronoamperometric (CA) response is biphasic, and rate constants derived from the CA response were used to develop digital simulations of the cyclic voltammograms collected at the same CNT concentrations. Ten successive C' reactions were required to account for all of the observed signal. The oxidation of the CNT is a multielectron process, and this effect arises from the multiple electron donor sites in the carbon nanotube as well as the over oxidation of each site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Napier
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, USA
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49
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Vlassiouk I, Takmakov P, Smirnov S. Sensing DNA hybridization via ionic conductance through a nanoporous electrode. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2005; 21:4776-8. [PMID: 15896007 DOI: 10.1021/la0471644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We show that nanoporous alumina modified with covalently linked DNA can be used to detect target DNA by monitoring the increase in impedance at the electrode upon DNA hybridization, which resulted from blocking the pores to ionic flow. Using cyclic voltammetry, direct current conductance, and impedance spectroscopy we confirm the importance of pore size: the effect is observed with 20-nm-diameter pores and is absent for 200-nm pores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Vlassiouk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
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50
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Abstract
A layer-by-layer deposition strategy for preparing protein nanotubes within the pores of a nanopore alumina template membrane is described. This method entails alternately exposing the template membrane to a solution of the desired protein and then to a solution of glutaraldehyde, which acts as cross-linking agent to hold the protein layers together. The number of layers of protein that make up the nanotube walls can be controlled at will by varying the number of alternate protein/glutaraldehyde cycles. After the desired number of layers have been deposited on the pore walls, the alumina template can be dissolved to liberate the protein nanotubes. We show here that glucose oxidase nanotubes prepared in this way catalyze glucose oxidation and that hemoglobin nanotubes retain their heme electroactivity. Furthermore, for the glucose oxidase nanotubes, the enzymatic activity increases with the nanotube wall thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifeng Hou
- Departments of Chemistry and Anesthesiology and Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200
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