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Štěpánová S, Kašička V. Determination of physicochemical parameters of (bio)molecules and (bio)particles by capillary electromigration methods. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2400174. [PMID: 38867483 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202400174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The review provides an overview of recent developments and applications of capillary electromigration (CE) methods for the determination of important physicochemical parameters of various (bio)molecules and (bio)particles. These parameters include actual and limiting (absolute) ionic mobilities, effective electrophoretic mobilities, effective charges, isoelectric points, electrokinetic potentials, hydrodynamic radii, diffusion coefficients, relative molecular masses, acidity (ionization) constants, binding constants and stoichiometry of (bio)molecular complexes, changes of Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy and rate constants of chemical reactions and interactions, retention factors and partition and distribution coefficients. For the determination of these parameters, the following CE methods are employed: zone electrophoresis in a free solution or in sieving media, isotachophoresis, isoelectric focusing, affinity electrophoresis, electrokinetic chromatography, and electrochromatography. In the individual sections, the procedures for the determination of the above parameters by the particular CE methods are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sille Štěpánová
- Electromigration methods, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Kašička
- Electromigration methods, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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2
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Saranjam L, Nedyalkova M, Fuguet E, Simeonov V, Mas F, Madurga S. Collection of Partition Coefficients in Hexadecyltrimethylammonium Bromide, Sodium Cholate, and Lithium Perfluorooctanesulfonate Micellar Solutions: Experimental Determination and Computational Predictions. Molecules 2023; 28:5729. [PMID: 37570699 PMCID: PMC10420229 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study focuses on determining the partition coefficients (logP) of a diverse set of 63 molecules in three distinct micellar systems: hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTAB), sodium cholate (SC), and lithium perfluorooctanesulfonate (LPFOS). The experimental log p values were obtained through micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) experiments, conducted under controlled pH conditions. Then, Quantum Mechanics (QM) and machine learning approaches are proposed for the prediction of the partition coefficients in these three micellar systems. In the applied QM approach, the experimentally obtained partition coefficients were correlated with the calculated values for the case of the 15 solvent mixtures. Using Density Function Theory (DFT) with the B3LYP functional, we calculated the solvation free energies of 63 molecules in these 16 solvents. The combined data from the experimental partition coefficients in the three micellar formulations showed that the 1-propanol/water combination demonstrated the best agreement with the experimental partition coefficients for the SC and HTAB micelles. Moreover, we employed the SVM approach and k-means clustering based on the generation of the chemical descriptor space. The analysis revealed distinct partitioning patterns associated with specific characteristic features within each identified class. These results indicate the utility of the combined techniques when we want an efficient and quicker model for predicting partition coefficients in diverse micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Saranjam
- Department of Material Science and Physical Chemistry, Research Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (IQTCUB), University of Barcelona, C/Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (L.S.); (F.M.)
| | - Miroslava Nedyalkova
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia “St. Kl. Ohridski”, 1 James Bourchier Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Elisabet Fuguet
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, C/Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Serra Húnter Programme, Generalitat de Catalunya, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vasil Simeonov
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia “St. Kl. Ohridski”, 1 James Bourchier Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Francesc Mas
- Department of Material Science and Physical Chemistry, Research Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (IQTCUB), University of Barcelona, C/Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (L.S.); (F.M.)
| | - Sergio Madurga
- Department of Material Science and Physical Chemistry, Research Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (IQTCUB), University of Barcelona, C/Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (L.S.); (F.M.)
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Czeszak A, Resztak M, Czyrski A, Nowak I. Determination of the partition coefficient of isoquinoline alkaloids from Chelidonium majus by reversed phase thin layer chromatography. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj00307g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Determination of the partition coefficient (log P) of alkaloids by the RP-TLC method at different pH values. Distribution coefficient (log D) values were calculated. The investigated chlorides were found to be the most lipophilic of the compounds studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Czeszak
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
- 61-614 Poznań
- Poland
| | - Matylda Resztak
- Chair and Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- University of Medical Sciences in Poznań
- 60-781 Poznań
- Poland
| | - Andrzej Czyrski
- Chair and Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- University of Medical Sciences in Poznań
- 60-781 Poznań
- Poland
| | - Izabela Nowak
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
- 61-614 Poznań
- Poland
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Matysiak J, Skrzypek A, Karpińska M, Czarnecka K, Szymański P, Bajda M, Niewiadomy A. Biological Evaluation, Molecular Docking, and SAR Studies of Novel 2-(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-1 H- Benzimidazole Analogues. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9120870. [PMID: 31842463 PMCID: PMC6995558 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, new 4-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-benzene-1,3-diols, modified in both rings, have been synthesized and their efficacies as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitors have been determined. The modified Ellman’s spectrophotometric method was applied for the biological evaluation. The compounds showed strong (IC50 80–90 nM) AChE and moderate (IC50 5–0.2 µM) BuChE inhibition in vitro. Some compounds were effective toward AChE/BuChE, exhibiting high selectivity ratios versus BuChE, while the other compounds were active against both enzymes. The structure–activity relationships were discussed. The compounds inhibited also in vitro self-induced Aβ(1–42) aggregation and exhibited antioxidant properties. The docking simulations showed that the benzimidazoles under consideration interact mainly with the catalytic site of AChE and mimic the binding mode of tacrine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Matysiak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (A.S.); (A.N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alicja Skrzypek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (A.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Monika Karpińska
- Łukasiewicz Research Network – Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry, Annopol 6, 03-236 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Kamila Czarnecka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analyses and Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland; (K.C.); (P.S.)
| | - Paweł Szymański
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analyses and Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland; (K.C.); (P.S.)
| | - Marek Bajda
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Niewiadomy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (A.S.); (A.N.)
- Łukasiewicz Research Network – Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry, Annopol 6, 03-236 Warsaw, Poland;
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Lipophilicity Determination of Quaternary (Fluoro)Quinolones by Chromatographic and Theoretical Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215288. [PMID: 31653016 PMCID: PMC6862250 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipophilicity is a vital physicochemical parameter of a molecule, which affects several biological processes such as absorption, tissue distribution, and pharmacokinetic properties. In this study, evaluation of lipophilicities of a series of novel fluoroquinolone-Safirinium dye hybrids using chromatographic and computational methods is presented. Fluoroquinolone-Safirinium dye hybrids have been synthesized as new dual-acting hydrophilic antibacterial agents. Reversed phase thin-layer chromatography and micellar electrokinetic chromatography experiments were carried out. Furthermore, logP values of the target structures were predicted by means of different software platforms and algorithms. In order to assess similarities and dissimilarities of the obtained lipophilicity indexes, cluster analysis and sum of ranking differences were performed. The significant differences of calculated logP values (α = 0.05, p < 0.001) indicated that an experimental approach is necessary for lipophilicity prediction of this class of antibiotics. Chromatographic data indicated that the newly synthesized hybrid (fluoro)quinolone-based quaternary ammonium derivatives show less lipophilic character than the parent (fluoro)quinolones. Additionally, the chromatographically obtained lipophilicity indexes were evaluated for possible application in quantitative retention-activity relationships. The established lipophilicity models have the potential to predict antimicrobial activities of a series of quaternary (fluoro)quinolones against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Proteus vulgaris.
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Fedorowicz J, Sączewski J, Konopacka A, Waleron K, Lejnowski D, Ciura K, Tomašič T, Skok Ž, Savijoki K, Morawska M, Gilbert-Girard S, Fallarero A. Synthesis and biological evaluation of hybrid quinolone-based quaternary ammonium antibacterial agents. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 179:576-590. [PMID: 31279292 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.06.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel fluoroquinolone-Safirinium dye hybrids was synthesized by means of tandem Mannich-electrophilic amination reactions from profluorophoric isoxazolones and antibiotics bearing a secondary amino group at position 7 of the quinoline ring. The obtained fluorescent spiro fused conjugates incorporating quaternary nitrogen atoms were characterized by 1H NMR, IR, MS, and elemental analysis. All the synthetic analogues (3a-h and 4a-h) were evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial, bactericidal, and antibiofilm activities against a panel of Gram positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. The most active Safirinium Q derivatives of lomefloxacin (4d) and ciprofloxacin (4e) exhibited molar-based antibacterial activities comparable to the unmodified drugs and displayed considerable inhibitory potencies in E. coli DNA gyrase supercoiling assays with IC50 values in the low micromolar range. Zwiterionic hybrids were noticeably less lipophilic than the parent quinolones in micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MECK) experiments. The tests performed in the presence of phenylalanine-arginine β-naphthylamide (PAβN) or carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) revealed that the conjugates are to some extent subject to bacterial efflux and cellular accumulation, respectively. Moreover, the hybrids did not exhibit notable cytotoxicity towards the HEK 293 control cell line and demonstrated low propensity for resistance development, as exemplified for compounds 3g and 4b. Finally, molecular docking experiments revealed that the synthesized compounds were able to bind in the fluoroquinolone-binding mode at S. aureus DNA gyrase and S. pneumoniae topoisomerase IV active sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Fedorowicz
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Jarosław Sączewski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Konopacka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Waleron
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Dawid Lejnowski
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Krzesimir Ciura
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tihomir Tomašič
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Žiga Skok
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kirsi Savijoki
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Yliopistonkatu 4, 00100, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Małgorzata Morawska
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Yliopistonkatu 4, 00100, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Shella Gilbert-Girard
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Yliopistonkatu 4, 00100, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Adyary Fallarero
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Yliopistonkatu 4, 00100, Helsinki, Finland
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Li F, Dong YZ, Zhang D, Zhang XM, Lin ZJ, Zhang B. Molecular mechanisms involved in drug-induced liver injury caused by urate-lowering Chinese herbs: A network pharmacology study and biology experiments. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216948. [PMID: 31141540 PMCID: PMC6541264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As an important part of the comprehensive treatment methods, the urate-lowering Chinese herbs could provide favorable clinical effects on hyperuricemia in its ability to invigorate spleen and remove dampness. Owing to the long-term duration, it brought up the potential adverse reactions (ADRs) and concerns about the drug-induced liver injury from these herbs. To address this problem, the bioinformatics approaches which combined the network pharmacology, computer simulation and molecular biology experiments were undertaken to elucidate the underlying drug-induced liver injury molecular mechanisms of urate-lowering Chinese herbs. Several electronic databases were searched to identify the potential liver injury compounds in published research. Then, the putative target profile of liver injury was predicted, and the interaction network was constructed based on the links between the compounds, corresponding targets and core pathways. Accordingly, the molecular docking simulation was performed to recognize the representative compounds with hepatotoxicity. Finally, the cell experiments were conducted to investigate the biochemical indicators and expression of the crucial protein that were closely associated with liver injury. In conclusion, the current research revealed that the compounds with potential liver injury including diosgenin, baicalin, saikosaponin D, tetrandrine, rutaecarpine and evodiamine from urate-lowering Chinese herbs, could lead to decline the survival rate of L-02 cell, increase the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in cell-culture medium, enhance the expression of p-p38/p38, while the p38 inhibitor could achieve the trend of regulating and controlling liver injury. These research findings bring further support to the growing evidence that the mechanism of the liver injury induced by the compounds from urate-lowering Chinese herbs may be associated with the activation of p38α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Li
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chao Yang District, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Zhu Dong
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chao Yang District, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chao Yang District, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Meng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chao Yang District, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Lin
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chao Yang District, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chao Yang District, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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Bajda M, Chłoń-Rzepa G, Żmudzki P, Czopek A, Stanisz-Wallis K, Łątka K, Pawłowski M, Zagórska A. Determination of ligand efficiency indices in a group of 7H-purine-2,6-dione derivatives with psychotropic activity using micellar electrokinetic chromatography. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:2446-2453. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marek Bajda
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis; Jagiellonian University Medical College; Kraków Poland
| | - Grażyna Chłoń-Rzepa
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Jagiellonian University Medical College; Kraków Poland
| | - Paweł Żmudzki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Jagiellonian University Medical College; Kraków Poland
| | - Anna Czopek
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Jagiellonian University Medical College; Kraków Poland
| | - Krystyna Stanisz-Wallis
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Physical Pharmacy; Jagiellonian University Medical College; Kraków Poland
| | - Kamil Łątka
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis; Jagiellonian University Medical College; Kraków Poland
| | - Maciej Pawłowski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Jagiellonian University Medical College; Kraków Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zagórska
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Jagiellonian University Medical College; Kraków Poland
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Liu Y, Wang W, Jia M, Liu R, Liu Q, Xiao H, Li J, Xue Y, Wang Y, Yan C. Recent advances in microscale separation. Electrophoresis 2017; 39:8-33. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Mengqi Jia
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Rangdong Liu
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Han Xiao
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Unimicro (shanghai) Technologies Co., Ltd.; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Yun Xue
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Chao Yan
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
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