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Vítová M, Mezricky D. Microbial recovery of rare earth elements from various waste sources: a mini review with emphasis on microalgae. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:189. [PMID: 38702568 PMCID: PMC11068686 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03974-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Rare Earth Elements (REEs) are indispensable in contemporary technologies, influencing various aspects of our daily lives and environmental solutions. The escalating demand for REEs has led to increased exploitation, resulting in the generation of diverse REE-bearing solid and liquid wastes. Recognizing the potential of these wastes as secondary sources of REEs, researchers are exploring microbial solutions for their recovery. This mini review provides insights into the utilization of microorganisms, with a particular focus on microalgae, for recovering REEs from sources such as ores, electronic waste, and industrial effluents. The review outlines the principles and distinctions of bioleaching, biosorption, and bioaccumulation, offering a comparative analysis of their potential and limitations. Specific examples of microorganisms demonstrating efficacy in REE recovery are highlighted, accompanied by successful methods, including advanced techniques for enhancing microbial strains to achieve higher REE recovery. Moreover, the review explores the environmental implications of bio-recovery, discussing the potential of these methods to mitigate REE pollution. By emphasizing microalgae as promising biotechnological candidates for REE recovery, this mini review not only presents current advances but also illuminates prospects in sustainable REE resource management and environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milada Vítová
- Department of Phycology, Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czechia.
| | - Dana Mezricky
- Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, IMC Krems, Krems, Austria
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2
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Guo W, Ren H, Jin Y, Chai Z, Liu B. The bioremediation of the typical persistent organic pollutants (POPs) by microalgae-bacteria consortia: A systematic review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 355:141852. [PMID: 38556179 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
With industrialisation and the rapidly growing agricultural demand, many organic compounds have been leaked into the environment, causing serious damage to the biosphere. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are a type of toxic chemicals that are resistant to degradation through normal chemical, biological or photolytic approaches. With their stable chemical structures, POPs can be accumulated in the environment, and transported through wind and water, causing global environmental issues. Many researches have been conducted to remediate POPs contamination using various kinds of biological methods, and significant results have been seen. Microalgae-bacteria consortium is a newly developed concept for biological technology in contamination treatment, with the synergetic effects between microalgae and bacteria, their potential for pollutants degradation can be further released. In this review, two types of POPs (polychlorinated biphenyls and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) are selected as the targeted pollutants to give a systematic analysis of the biodegradation through microalgae and bacteria, including the species selection, the identification of dominant enzymes, as well as the real application performance of the consortia. In the end, some outlooks and suggestions are given to further guide the development of applying microalgae-bacteria consortia in remediating POPs contamination. In general, the coculturing of microalgae and bacteria is a novel and efficient way to fulfil the advanced treatment of POPs in soil or liquid phase, and both monooxygenase and dioxygenase belonging to oxygenase play a vital role in the biodegradation of PCBs and PAHs. This review provides a general guide in the future investigation of biological treatment of POPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Hongyu Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yinzhu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zetang Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Bingfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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3
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Occhipinti PS, Russo N, Foti P, Zingale IM, Pino A, Romeo FV, Randazzo CL, Caggia C. Current challenges of microalgae applications: exploiting the potential of non-conventional microalgae species. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:3823-3833. [PMID: 37971887 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The intensified attention to health, the growth of an elderly population, the changing lifestyles, and the medical discoveries have increased demand for natural and nutrient-rich foods, shaping the popularity of microalgae products. Microalgae thanks to their metabolic versatility represent a promising solution for a 'green' economy, exploiting non-arable land, non-potable water, capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) and solar energy. The interest in microalgae is justified by their high content of bioactive molecules, such as amino acids, peptides, proteins, carbohydrates, polysaccharides, polyunsaturated fatty acids (as ω-3 fatty acids), pigments (as β-carotene, astaxanthin, fucoxanthin, phycocyanin, zeaxanthin and lutein), or mineral elements. Such molecules are of interest for human and animal nutrition, cosmetic and biofuel production, for which microalgae are potential renewable sources. Microalgae, also, represent effective biological systems for treating a variety of wastewaters and can be used as a CO2 mitigation approach, helping to combat greenhouse gases and global warming emergencies. Recently a growing interest has focused on extremophilic microalgae species, which are easier to cultivate axenically and represent good candidates for open pond cultivation. In some cases, the cultivation and/or harvesting systems are still immature, but novel techniques appear as promising solutions to overcome such barriers. This review provides an overview on the actual microalgae cultivation systems and the current state of their biotechnological applications to obtain high value compounds or ingredients. Moreover, potential and future research opportunities for environment, human and animal benefits are pointed out. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nunziatina Russo
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- ProBioEtna srl, Spin off University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Paola Foti
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Irene Maria Zingale
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pino
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- ProBioEtna srl, Spin off University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Flora Valeria Romeo
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA), Centro di Ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, Acireale, Italy
| | - Cinzia L Randazzo
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- ProBioEtna srl, Spin off University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- CERNUT, Interdepartmental Research Center in Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Cinzia Caggia
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- ProBioEtna srl, Spin off University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- CERNUT, Interdepartmental Research Center in Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Mohit A, Remya N. Low-Cost Greywater Treatment Using Polyculture Microalgae-Microalgal Growth, Organics, and Nutrient Removal Subject to pH and Temperature Variations During the Treatment. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:2728-2740. [PMID: 36692649 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04371-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Organics and nutrient removal studies are rarely done using polyculture microalgae, and that too in outdoor conditions, as they are often not deemed effective for wastewater treatment purposes. This study examined the organics and nutrient removal efficiency of polyculture microalgae cultivated in greywater. The reactor was operated in outdoor conditions. Hence, it was subjected to natural pH and temperature variations. A growth rate of 0.05 g L-1 day-1 was observed for temperatures up to 37 °C, beyond which the growth rate declined by 0.07 g L-1 day-1. During the treatment, the pH of the system was observed to be between 7.4 and 8.4. However, the growth rate would again pick up (0.05 g L-1 day-1) when the pH and temperature moved towards the optimum range, indicating that the polycultures adapt very quickly to their environment. The maximum biomass concentration reached 0.82 gL-1. The highest removal efficiency of organic carbon, ammonia, and phosphate was 80.7, 61.9, and 58.4%, respectively. Nitrate and nitrite concentrations remained ≤ 1.3 mgL-1 and ≤ 2 mgL-1, respectively, indicating the absence of nitrification/denitrification and ammonia volatilization. The mass balance of microalgae indicated that the primary removal mechanism of nitrogen and phosphorus removal was assimilation by the microalgae. The study proved polyculture microalgae to be as effective as some monoculture species in wastewater treatment, which require costlier controlled growth conditions. The high organics and nutrient removal by polycultures in outdoor conditions could pave the way to reducing wastewater treatment costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aggarwal Mohit
- School of Infrastructure, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 752050, India
| | - Neelancherry Remya
- School of Infrastructure, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 752050, India.
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Syed T, Krujatz F, Ihadjadene Y, Mühlstädt G, Hamedi H, Mädler J, Urbas L. A review on machine learning approaches for microalgae cultivation systems. Comput Biol Med 2024; 172:108248. [PMID: 38493599 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Microalgae plays a crucial role in biomass production within aquatic environments and are increasingly recognized for their potential in generating biofuels, biomaterials, bioactive compounds, and bio-based chemicals. This growing significance is driven by the need to address imminent global challenges such as food and fuel shortages. Enhancing the value chain of bio-based products necessitates the implementation of an advanced screening and monitoring system. This system is crucial for tailoring and optimizing the cultivation conditions, ensuring the lucrative and efficient production of the final desired product. This, in turn, underscores the necessity for robust predictive models to accurately emulate algae growth in different conditions during the initial cultivation phase and simulate their subsequent processing in the downstream stage. In pursuit of these objectives, diverse mechanistic and machine learning-based methods have been independently employed to model and optimize microalgae processes. This review article thoroughly examines the techniques delineated in the literature for modeling, predicting, and monitoring microalgal biomass across various applications such as bioenergy, pharmaceuticals, and the food industry. While highlighting the merits and limitations of each method, we delve into the realm of newly emerging hybrid approaches and conduct an exhaustive survey of this evolving methodology. The challenges currently impeding the practical implementation of hybrid techniques are explored, and drawing inspiration from successful applications in other machine-learning-assisted fields, we review various plausible solutions to overcome these obstacles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tehreem Syed
- Institute of Automation, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Saxony, Germany
| | - Felix Krujatz
- Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Zittau/Görlitz, 02763, Zittau, Germany; Institute of Natural Materials Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Saxony, Germany
| | - Yob Ihadjadene
- Institute of Natural Materials Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Saxony, Germany
| | | | - Homa Hamedi
- Institute of Process Engineering and Environmental Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Saxony, Germany
| | - Jonathan Mädler
- Institute of Process Engineering and Environmental Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Saxony, Germany.
| | - Leon Urbas
- Institute of Automation, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Saxony, Germany; Institute of Process Engineering and Environmental Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Saxony, Germany
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Usai G, Cordara A, Mazzocchi E, Re A, Fino D, Pirri CF, Menin B. Coupling dairy wastewaters for nutritional balancing and water recycling: sustainable heterologous 2-phenylethanol production by engineered cyanobacteria. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1359032. [PMID: 38497052 PMCID: PMC10940361 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1359032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Microalgae biotechnology is hampered by the high production costs and the massive usage of water during large-volume cultivations. These drawbacks can be softened by the production of high-value compounds and by adopting metabolic engineering strategies to improve their performances and productivity. Today, the most sustainable approach is the exploitation of industrial wastewaters for microalgae cultivation, which couples valuable biomass production with water resource recovery. Among the food processing sectors, the dairy industry generates the largest volume of wastewaters through the manufacturing process. These effluents are typically rich in dissolved organic matter and nutrients, which make it a challenging and expensive waste stream for companies to manage. Nevertheless, these rich wastewaters represent an appealing resource for microalgal biotechnology. In this study, we propose a sustainable approach for high-value compound production from dairy wastewaters through cyanobacteria. This strategy is based on a metabolically engineered strain of the model cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 (already published elsewhere) for 2-phenylethanol (2-PE). 2-PE is a high-value aromatic compound that is widely employed as a fragrance in the food and cosmetics industry thanks to its pleasant floral scent. First, we qualitatively assessed the impact of four dairy effluents on cyanobacterial growth to identify the most promising substrates. Both tank-washing water and the liquid effluent of exhausted sludge resulted as suitable nutrient sources. Thus, we created an ideal buffer system by combining the two wastewaters while simultaneously providing balanced nutrition and completely avoiding the need for fresh water. The combination of 75% liquid effluent of exhausted sludge and 25% tank-washing water with a fine-tuning ammonium supplementation yielded 180 mg L-1 of 2-PE and a biomass concentration of 0.6 gDW L-1 within 10 days. The mixture of 90% exhausted sludge and 10% washing water produced the highest yield of 2-PE (205 mg L-1) and biomass accumulation (0.7 gDW L-1), although in 16 days. Through these treatments, the phosphates were completely consumed, and nitrogen was removed in a range of 74%-77%. Overall, our approach significantly valorized water recycling and the exploitation of valuable wastewaters to circularly produce marketable compounds via microalgae biotechnology, laying a promising groundwork for subsequent implementation and scale-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Usai
- Centre for Sustainable Future Technologies, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Turin, Italy
- Department of Applied Science and Technology—DISAT, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cordara
- Centre for Sustainable Future Technologies, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Turin, Italy
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering—DIATI, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Mazzocchi
- Centre for Sustainable Future Technologies, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Turin, Italy
- Department of Applied Science and Technology—DISAT, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Angela Re
- Department of Applied Science and Technology—DISAT, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Debora Fino
- Department of Applied Science and Technology—DISAT, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Candido Fabrizio Pirri
- Centre for Sustainable Future Technologies, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Turin, Italy
- Department of Applied Science and Technology—DISAT, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Barbara Menin
- Centre for Sustainable Future Technologies, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Turin, Italy
- Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche IBBA-CNR, Milan, Italy
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Abdullahi M, Stead I, Bennett S, Orozco R, Abdallah MAE, Jabbari S, Macaskie LE, Tzella A, Krause S, Al-Duri B, Lee RG, Herbert B, Thompson P, Schalkwyk M, Getahun S, Dearn KD, Orsini L. Harnessing water fleas for water reclamation: A nature-based tertiary wastewater treatment technology. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167224. [PMID: 37739075 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Urbanisation, population growth, and climate change have put unprecedented pressure on water resources, leading to a global water crisis and the need for water reuse. However, water reuse is unsafe unless persistent chemical pollutants are removed from reclaimed water. State-of-the-art technologies for the reduction of persistent chemical pollutants in wastewater typically impose high operational and energy costs and potentially generate toxic by-products (e.g., bromate from ozonation). Nature-base solutions are preferred to these technologies for their lower environmental impact. However, so far, bio-based tertiary wastewater treatments have been inefficient for industrial-scale applications. Moreover, they often demand significant financial investment and large infrastructure, undermining sustainability objectives. Here, we present a scalable, low-cost, low-carbon, and retrofittable nature-inspired solution to remove persistent chemical pollutants (pharmaceutical, pesticides and industrial chemicals). We showed Daphnia's removal efficiency of individual chemicals and chemicals from wastewater at laboratory scale ranging between 50 % for PFOS and 90 % for diclofenac. We validated the removal efficiency of diclofenac at prototype scale, showing sustained performance over four weeks in outdoor seminatural conditions. A techno-commercial analysis on the Daphnia-based technology suggested several technical, commercial and sustainability advantages over established and emerging treatments at comparable removal efficiency, benchmarked on available data on individual chemicals. Further testing of the technology is underway in open flow environments holding real wastewater. The technology has the potential to improve the quality of wastewater effluent, meeting requirements to produce water appropriate for reuse in irrigation, industrial application, and household use. By preventing persistent chemicals from entering waterways, this technology has the potential to maximise the shift to clean growth, enabling water reuse, reducing resource depletion and preventing environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abdullahi
- Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Iestyn Stead
- Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK; Daphne Water Solution Limited, B168JB Birmingham, UK.
| | - Sophie Bennett
- School of Mathematics, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Rafael Orozco
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | | | - Sara Jabbari
- School of Mathematics, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Lynne E Macaskie
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | | | - Stefan Krause
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; LEHNA - Laboratoire d'ecologie des hydrosystemes naturels et anthropises, University of Lyon, Darwin C & Forel, 3-6 Rue Raphaël Dubois, 69622 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Bushra Al-Duri
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Robert G Lee
- Daphne Water Solution Limited, B168JB Birmingham, UK; Birmingham Law School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Ben Herbert
- Stopford Ltd - Technology and Innovation Service Group, Mere Hall Farm Business Centre, Bucklow Hill Lane, Mere, Knutsford, Cheshire WA16 6LE, UK.
| | | | | | | | - Karl D Dearn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK; Daphne Water Solution Limited, B168JB Birmingham, UK.
| | - Luisa Orsini
- Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Daphne Water Solution Limited, B168JB Birmingham, UK; The Alan Turing Institute, British Library, 96 Euston Road, London NW1 2DB, UK.
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Moustafa AM, ElNadi MEH, Abdelmomen MM, Nagy AM. Impact of microalgae layer thickness on the treatment performance of drain water. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20785. [PMID: 38012341 PMCID: PMC10681994 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48129-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The water shortage problem in Egypt has promoted the exploration of new water resources, including the use of treated agricultural drainage water. This study aims to develop an efficient and cost-effective method for the in-situ treatment of agricultural drainage water from the Bahr-ElBaqar drain using a microalgae layer. The objective was to establish the optimal thickness of the layer for achieving the highest removal efficiency of pollutants from the drain's wastewater. Practical work was performed on a pilot consisting of five channels with four channels having microalgae with different thicknesses and fixed lengths of 50 cm, and the fifth channel acting as a buffer channel to assimilate the drain water without any treatment microalgae layer. After the experiment, it was discovered that a 10-mm layer of microalgae was the most effective thickness for eliminating pollutants from wastewater. The removal efficiencies were 29% for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), 46.9% for chemical oxygen demand (COD), and 56.1% for total suspended solids (TSS) removal. This experiment provided evidence that microalgae could represent a viable solution for in-situ treatment of agricultural drainage wastewater with high removal efficiencies for pollutants in wastewater and decreased the need for constructing huge and expensive wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Moustafa Moustafa
- Sanitary Engineering Section, Public Works Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed El-Hosseiny ElNadi
- Sanitary Engineering Section, Public Works Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Mohamed Abdelmomen
- Sanitary Engineering Section, Public Works Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira Mohamed Nagy
- Sanitary Engineering Section, Public Works Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Elangovan B, Detchanamurthy S, Senthil Kumar P, Rajarathinam R, Deepa VS. Biotreatment of Industrial Wastewater using Microalgae: A Tool for a Sustainable Bioeconomy. Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00971-0. [PMID: 37999921 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00971-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Fresh water is one of the essential sources of life, and its requirement has increased in the past years due to population growth and industrialization. Industries use huge quantities of fresh water for their processes, and generate high quantities of wastewater rich in organic matter, nitrates, and phosphates. These effluents have contaminated the freshwater sources and there is a need to recycle this wastewater in an ecologically harmless manner. Microalgae use the nutrients in the wastewater as a medium for growth and the biomass produced are rich in nutrition that can cater growing food and energy needs. The primary and secondary metabolites of microalgae are utilized as biofuel and as active ingredients in cosmetics, animal feed, therapeutics, and pharmaceutical products. In this review, we explore food processing industries like dairy, meat, aquaculture, breweries, and their wastewater for the microalgal growth. Current treatment methods are expensive and energy demanding, which indirectly leads to higher greenhouse gas emissions. Microalgae acts as a potential biotreatment tool and mitigates carbon dioxide due to their high photosynthetic efficiency. This review aims to address the need to recycle wastewater generated from such industries and potentiality to use microalgae for biotreatment. This will help to build a circular bioeconomy by using wastewater as a valuable resource to produce valuable products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Elangovan
- R&D, Seagrass Tech Pvt. Ltd, Karaikal, 609604, Puducherry, India
| | | | - P Senthil Kumar
- Centre for Pollution Control and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, 605014, Puducherry, India.
| | - Ravikumar Rajarathinam
- Department of Biotechnology, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Avadi, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600062, India
| | - Vijaykumar Sudarshana Deepa
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Tadepalligudem, 534101, Andhra Pradesh, India.
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Al-Khiat SH, Bukhari NA, Ameen F, Abdel-Raouf N. Comparison of the microalgae Phormidium tenue and Chlorella vulgaris as biosorbents of Cd and Zn from aqueous environments. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 235:116675. [PMID: 37453511 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals are accumulating into sediments and enriching in aquatic food chains. The efficiency of two microalgae, Phormidium tenue and Chlorella vulgaris, to remove zinc and cadmium from aqueous solutions was studied. The microalgae were incubated in different heavy metal concentrations for 18 days. Morphological and anatomical changes in microalgae were investigated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a transmission electron microscope (TEM). Both algae removed both Zn2+ and Cd2+in vitro. C. vulgaris removed Zn2+ almost totally (99%) and Cd2+ slightly less (87%). The concentration factors were 2210 and 1117, respectively. SEM and TEM figures showed some alterations in the form and cellular components of both algae. C. vulgaris appeared to be more tolerant to both Cd and Zn than P. tenue. C. vulgaris is a promising microalgal species used to remove heavy metals from aqueous environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soad H Al-Khiat
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najat A Bukhari
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad Ameen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Neveen Abdel-Raouf
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia; Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 65211, Egypt
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11
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Zainab R, Hasnain M, Ali F, Dias DA, El-Keblawy A, Abideen Z. Exploring the bioremediation capability of petroleum-contaminated soils for enhanced environmental sustainability and minimization of ecotoxicological concerns. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:104933-104957. [PMID: 37718363 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29801-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The bioremediation of soils contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) has emerged as a promising approach, with its effectiveness contingent upon various types of PHCs, i.e., crude oil, diesel, gasoline, and other petroleum products. Strategies like genetically modified microorganisms, nanotechnology, and bioaugmentation hold potential for enhancing remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination. The effectiveness of bioremediation relies on factors such as metabolite toxicity, microbial competition, and environmental conditions. Aerobic degradation involves enzymatic oxidative reactions, while bacterial anaerobic degradation employs reductive reactions with alternative electron acceptors. Algae employ monooxygenase and dioxygenase enzymes, breaking down PAHs through biodegradation and bioaccumulation, yielding hydroxylated and dihydroxylated intermediates. Fungi contribute via mycoremediation, using co-metabolism and monooxygenase enzymes to produce CO2 and oxidized products. Ligninolytic fungi transform PAHs into water-soluble compounds, while non-ligninolytic fungi oxidize PAHs into arene oxides and phenols. Certain fungi produce biosurfactants enhancing degradation of less soluble, high molecular-weight PAHs. Successful bioremediation offers sustainable solutions to mitigate petroleum spills and environmental impacts. Monitoring and assessing strategy effectiveness are vital for optimizing biodegradation in petroleum-contaminated soils. This review presents insights and challenges in bioremediation, focusing on arable land safety and ecotoxicological concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rida Zainab
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Maria Hasnain
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faraz Ali
- School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Daniel Anthony Dias
- CASS Food Research Centre, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Ali El-Keblawy
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Zainul Abideen
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, UAE.
- Dr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
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12
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Bisht B, Verma M, Sharma R, Chauhan P, Pant K, Kim H, Vlaskin MS, Kumar V. Development of yeast and microalgae consortium biofilm growth system for biofuel production. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19353. [PMID: 37662773 PMCID: PMC10472003 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The current study aimed to develop a laboratory-scale biofilm photobioreactor system for biofuel production. Scope & Approach During the investigation, Jute was discovered to be the best, cheap, hairy, open-pored supporting material for biofilm formation. Microalgae & yeast consortium was used in this study for biofilm formation. Conclusion The study identified microalgae and yeast consortium as a promising choice and ideal partners for biofilm formation with the highest biomass yield (47.63 ± 0.93 g/m2), biomass productivity (4.39 ± 0.29 to 7.77 ± 0.05 g/m2/day) and lipid content (36%) over 28 days cultivation period, resulting in a more sustainable and environmentally benign fuel that could become a reality in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawna Bisht
- Algal Research and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India
| | - Monu Verma
- Algal Research and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India
- Water-Energy Nexus Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, University Institute of Engineering, Chandigarh University, Chandigarh, India
| | - P.K. Chauhan
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, 173229, HP, India
| | - Kumud Pant
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India
| | - Hyunook Kim
- Water-Energy Nexus Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Mikhail S. Vlaskin
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 13/2 Izhorskaya St, Moscow, 125412, Russian Federation
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Algal Research and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India
- Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
- Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248002, India
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13
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Liao Y, Fatehi P, Liao B. Surface properties of membrane materials and their role in cell adhesion and biofilm formation of microalgae. BIOFOULING 2023; 39:879-895. [PMID: 37965865 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2023.2280005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of surface properties of membrane materials on microalgae cell adhesion and biofilm formation were investigated using Chlorella vulgaris and five different types of membrane materials under hydrodynamic conditions. The results suggest that the contact angle (hydrophobicity), surface free energy, and free energy of cohesion of membrane materials alone could not sufficiently elucidate the selectivity of microalgae cell adhesion and biofilm formation on membrane materials surfaces, and membrane surface roughness played a dominant role in controlling biofilm formation rate, under tested hydrodynamic conditions. A lower level of biofilm EPS production was generally associated with a larger amount of biofilm formation. The zeta potential of membrane materials could enhance initial microalgae cell adhesion and biofilm formation through salt bridging or charge neutralization mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Liao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pedram Fatehi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Baoqiang Liao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Schaedig E, Cantrell M, Urban C, Zhao X, Greene D, Dancer J, Gross M, Sebesta J, Chou KJ, Grabowy J, Gross M, Kumar K, Yu J. Isolation of phosphorus-hyperaccumulating microalgae from revolving algal biofilm (RAB) wastewater treatment systems. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1219318. [PMID: 37529323 PMCID: PMC10389661 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1219318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Excess phosphorus (P) in wastewater effluent poses a serious threat to aquatic ecosystems and can spur harmful algal blooms. Revolving algal biofilm (RAB) systems are an emerging technology to recover P from wastewater before discharge into aquatic ecosystems. In RAB systems, a community of microalgae take up and store wastewater P as polyphosphate as they grow in a partially submerged revolving biofilm, which may then be harvested and dried for use as fertilizer in lieu of mined phosphate rock. In this work, we isolated and characterized a total of 101 microalgae strains from active RAB systems across the US Midwest, including 82 green algae, 9 diatoms, and 10 cyanobacteria. Strains were identified by microscopy and 16S/18S ribosomal DNA sequencing, cryopreserved, and screened for elevated P content (as polyphosphate). Seven isolated strains possessed at least 50% more polyphosphate by cell dry weight than a microalgae consortium from a RAB system, with the top strain accumulating nearly threefold more polyphosphate. These top P-hyperaccumulating strains include the green alga Chlamydomonas pulvinata TCF-48 g and the diatoms Eolimna minima TCF-3d and Craticula molestiformis TCF-8d, possessing 11.4, 12.7, and 14.0% polyphosphate by cell dry weight, respectively. As a preliminary test of strain application for recovering P, Chlamydomonas pulvinata TCF-48 g was reinoculated into a bench-scale RAB system containing Bold basal medium. The strain successfully recolonized the system and recovered twofold more P from the medium than a microalgae consortium from a RAB system treating municipal wastewater. These isolated P-hyperaccumulating microalgae may have broad applications in resource recovery from various waste streams, including improving P removal from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Schaedig
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Biosciences Center, Golden, CO, United States
| | - Michael Cantrell
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Biosciences Center, Golden, CO, United States
| | - Chris Urban
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Biosciences Center, Golden, CO, United States
| | - Xuefei Zhao
- Gross-Wen Technologies, Slater, IA, United States
| | - Drew Greene
- Gross-Wen Technologies, Slater, IA, United States
| | - Jens Dancer
- Gross-Wen Technologies, Slater, IA, United States
| | | | - Jacob Sebesta
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Biosciences Center, Golden, CO, United States
| | - Katherine J. Chou
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Biosciences Center, Golden, CO, United States
| | - Jonathan Grabowy
- Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Martin Gross
- Gross-Wen Technologies, Slater, IA, United States
| | - Kuldip Kumar
- Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jianping Yu
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Biosciences Center, Golden, CO, United States
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15
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Vale F, Sousa CA, Sousa H, Simões LC, McBain AJ, Simões M. Bacteria and microalgae associations in periphyton-mechanisms and biotechnological opportunities. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2023; 47:fuad047. [PMID: 37586879 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuad047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Phototrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms coexist in complex and dynamic structures called periphyton. These structures shape the biogeochemistry and biodiversity of aquatic ecosystems. In particular, microalgae-bacteria interactions are a prominent focus of study by microbial ecologists and can provide biotechnological opportunities for numerous applications (i.e. microalgal bloom control, aquaculture, biorefinery, and wastewater bioremediation). In this review, we analyze the species dynamics (i.e. periphyton formation and factors determining the prevalence of one species over another), coexisting communities, exchange of resources, and communication mechanisms of periphytic microalgae and bacteria. We extend periphyton mathematical modelling as a tool to comprehend complex interactions. This review is expected to boost the applicability of microalgae-bacteria consortia, by drawing out knowledge from natural periphyton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Vale
- ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cátia A Sousa
- ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Henrique Sousa
- ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcia C Simões
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS - Associate Laboratory in Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Microelectromechanical Systems, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Andrew J McBain
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel Simões
- ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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16
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Amaro HM, Salgado EM, Nunes OC, Pires JCM, Esteves AF. Microalgae systems - environmental agents for wastewater treatment and further potential biomass valorisation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 337:117678. [PMID: 36948147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Water is the most valuable resource on the planet. However, massive anthropogenic activities generate threatening levels of biological, organic, and inorganic pollutants that are not efficiently removed in conventional wastewater treatment systems. High levels of conventional pollutants (carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus), emerging chemical contaminants such as antibiotics, and pathogens (namely antibiotic-resistant ones and related genes) jeopardize ecosystems and human health. Conventional wastewater treatment systems entail several environmental issues: (i) high energy consumption; (ii) high CO2 emissions; and (iii) the use of chemicals or the generation of harmful by-products. Hence, the use of microalgal systems (entailing one or several microalgae species, and in consortium with bacteria) as environmental agents towards wastewater treatment has been seen as an environmentally friendly solution to remove conventional pollutants, antibiotics, coliforms and antibiotic resistance genes. In recent years, several authors have evaluated the use of microalgal systems for the treatment of different types of wastewater, such as agricultural, municipal, and industrial. Generally, microalgal systems can provide high removal efficiencies of: (i) conventional pollutants, up to 99%, 99%, and 90% of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and/or organic carbon, respectively, through uptake mechanisms, and (ii) antibiotics frequently found in wastewaters, such as sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim and azithromycin at 86%, 65%, 42% and 93%, respectively, through the most desirable microalgal mechanism, biodegradation. Although pathogens removal by microalgal species is complex and very strain-specific, it is also possible to attain total coliform and Escherichia coli removal of 99.4% and 98.6%, respectively. However, microalgal systems' effectiveness strongly relies on biotic and abiotic conditions, thus the selection of operational conditions is critical. While the combination of selected species (microalgae and bacteria), ratios and inoculum concentration allow the efficient removal of conventional pollutants and generation of high amounts of biomass (that can be further converted into valuable products such as biofuels and biofertilisers), abiotic factors such as pH, hydraulic retention time, light intensity and CO2/O2 supply also have a crucial role in conventional pollutants and antibiotics removal, and wastewater disinfection. However, some rationale must be considered according to the purpose. While alkaline pH induces the hydrolysis of some antibiotics and the removal of faecal coliforms, it also decreases phosphates solubility and induces the formation of ammonium from ammonia. Also, while CO2 supply increases the removal of E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as the microalgal growth (and thus the conventional pollutants uptake), it decreases Enterococcus faecalis removal. Therefore, this review aims to provide a critical review of recent studies towards the application of microalgal systems for the efficient removal of conventional pollutants, antibiotics, and pathogens; discussing the feasibility, highlighting the advantages and challenges of the implementation of such process, and presenting current case-studies of different applications of microalgal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena M Amaro
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eva M Salgado
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Olga C Nunes
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - José C M Pires
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ana F Esteves
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal; LSRE-LCM - Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
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17
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Li S, Meenakshi V, Nithya S, Alharbi SA, Salmen SH, Shanmuganathan R, Zhang L, Xia C. Impact of the combined effect of seawater exposure with wastewater and Fe 2O 3 nanoparticles on Chlorella vulgaris microalgae growth, lipid content, biochar, and bio-oil production. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023:116300. [PMID: 37268207 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae is one the promising source of energy for the production of biofuel and other value-added products to replace the existing conventional fossil fuels. However, low lipid content and poor cell harvesting are the key challenges. Based on the growth conditions the lipid productivity will be affected. The current study examines the mixtures of both wastewater and NaCl on the microalgae growth was studied. The microalgae used for conducting the tests were Chlorella vulgaris microalgae. Mixtures of the wastewater was prepared under the different concentrations of the seawater, classified as S0%, S20%, and S40%. The growth of microalgae was studied in the presence of these mixtures, and the addition of Fe2O3 nanoparticles was included to stimulate the growth. The results showed that increasing the salinity in the wastewater resulted in decreased biomass production, but significantly increased lipid content compared to S0%. The highest lipid content was recorded at S40%N with 21.2%. The Highest lipid productivity was also witnessed for S40% with 45.6 mg/Ld. The cell diameter was also found to increase with increasing salinity content in the wastewater. The addition of Fe2O3 nanoparticles in the seawater was found to enhance the productivity of the microalgae extensively, resulting in 9.2% and 6.15% increased lipid content and lipid productivity respectively compared to conventional cases. However, the inclusion of the nanoparticles slightly increased the zeta potential of microalgal colloids, with no noticeable effects on the cell diameter or bio-oil yields. Based on these findings, Chlorella vulgaris was identified as a suitable candidate for treating wastewater with high salinity exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suiyi Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
| | - V Meenakshi
- Faculty of Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, India
| | - S Nithya
- Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600 053, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box -2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh H Salmen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box -2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajasree Shanmuganathan
- University Centre for Research & Development, Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140103, India
| | - Li Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research, Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Changlei Xia
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China.
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18
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Rao NRH, Beyer VP, Henderson RK, Thielemans W, Muylaert K. Microalgae harvesting using flocculation and dissolved air flotation: Selecting the right vessel for lab-scale experiments. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 374:128786. [PMID: 36828221 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Flocculation combined with dissolved air flotation (DAF) is a promising technology for harvesting microalgae; therefore, optimisation of flocculant-DAF operating conditions are frequently explored in laboratory experiments. DAF systems have jars of differing volumes, height to diameter ratios, shapes and materials used to manufacture the jars; thus, the harvesting efficiency (η) may differ between these jars. The aim was to systematically compare η between different types of benchtop DAF jars. Evaluation of 30 different types of DAF jars revealed that η was not influenced by the volume of the jars, but was impacted by the height to diameter ratio, with optimal η at a ratio ranging between 1.6 and 2.05. There was no difference in η between cylindrical and cuboid jars, but jars made of hydrophobic (polypropylene) plastic resulted in a lower η. Overall, these results are useful to guide the design of lab-scale DAF microalgae harvesting experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R H Rao
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biology, KU Leuven, Kulak Kortrijk, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium; Sustainable Materials Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Kulak Kortrijk, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - V P Beyer
- Sustainable Materials Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Kulak Kortrijk, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - R K Henderson
- Algae and Organic Matter (AOM) Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - W Thielemans
- Sustainable Materials Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Kulak Kortrijk, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - K Muylaert
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biology, KU Leuven, Kulak Kortrijk, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium.
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19
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Abbasi N, Khan SA, Liu Z, Khan TA. Natural deep eutectic solvent (fructose-glycine) functionalized-celite/ polyethylene glycol hydrogel nanocomposite for phosphate adsorption: Statistical analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 330:117206. [PMID: 36621312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The increasing usage of phosphate fertilizers for agricultural purposes has led to an augmented level of phosphorus in watercourses negatively impacting the ecosystems and water quality warranting its amputation from polluted water. This article describes the preparation of a novel natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) functionalized-celite/polyethylene glycol hydrogel nanocomposite (NADES-Cel/PEG HNC) for adsorptive phosphate removal from water. The XRD, FTIR, SEM coupled with EDX spectroscopy, TEM, BET analysis, and pHpzc measurement were used to characterise the prepared material. Central composite design (CCD) in response surface methodology (RSM) was used for experimental design to analyse the individual and combined impact of five operational parameters on equilibrium adsorption capacity (Qe), and evaluate the optimal operating conditions by numerical optimization, which were obtained as: contact time (60 min), adsorbent dosage (1.0 g/L), initial [PO43-] (80 mg/L), initial solution pH (3.5), and temperature (304 K). The adsorption process was best explicated via Langmuir adsorption isotherm with a noteworthy saturation capacity, Qm of 111.80 mg PO43-/g at 298 K, and was favourable (S* = 0.99), feasible (ΔG° = -7.02 kJ/mol), exothermic (ΔH° = -8.39 kJ/mol) and physical in nature. The uptake mechanism largely involved H-bonding, electrostatic interaction, n-π interaction and pore-filling. Uptake kinetics of PO43- was best explicated by pseudo-second order model, and the rate-determining step involved both intraparticle and liquid film diffusion mechanisms. The admirable performance of NADES-Cel/PEG HNC was signified by its competent adsorption efficacy and effectual reusability. The pertinence of the hydrogel nanocomposite for treatment of real wastewater was tested. Hence, NADES-Cel/PEG HNC might prove to be a pragmatic adsorbent for decontamination of PO43- from an aqueous environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Abbasi
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110 025, India
| | - Suhail Ayoub Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110 025, India
| | - Zhongchuang Liu
- Green Intelligence Environmental School, Yangtze Normal University, No. 16, Juxian Avenue, 6 Fuling District, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Multiple-source Technology Engineering Research Center for Ecological Environment Monitoring, Yangtze Normal University, No. 16, Juxian Avenue, Fuling District, Chongqing, China
| | - Tabrez Alam Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110 025, India.
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20
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Nordic microalgae produce biostimulant for the germination of tomato and barley seeds. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3509. [PMID: 36864186 PMCID: PMC9981563 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30707-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgal biomass may have biostimulating effects on plants and seeds due to its phytohormonal content, and harnessing this biostimulating effect could contribute to sustainable agriculture. Two Nordic strains of freshwater microalgae species Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus obliquus were each cultivated in a photobioreactor receiving untreated municipal wastewater. The algal biomass and the supernatant after algal cultivation were tested on tomato and barley seeds for biostimulating effects. Intact algal cells, broken cells, or harvest supernatant were applied to the seeds, and germination time, percentage and germination index were evaluated. Seeds treated with C. vulgaris, in particular intact cells or supernatant, had up to 25 percentage units higher germination percentage after 2 days and an overall significantly faster germination time (germinated on average between 0.5 and 1 day sooner) than seeds treated with S. obliquus or the control (water). The germination index was higher in C. vulgaris treatments than in the control for both tomato and barley, and this was observed for both broken and intact cells as well as supernatant. The Nordic strain of C. vulgaris cultivated in municipal wastewater thus shows potential for use as biostimulant in agriculture, adding novel economic and sustainability benefits.
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Olabi AG, Shehata N, Sayed ET, Rodriguez C, Anyanwu RC, Russell C, Abdelkareem MA. Role of microalgae in achieving sustainable development goals and circular economy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 854:158689. [PMID: 36108848 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In 2015, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) set out 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to be achieved by 2030. These goals highlight key objectives that must be addressed. Each target focuses on a unique perspective crucial to meeting these goals. Social, political, and economic issues are addressed to comprehensively review the main issues combating climate change and creating sustainable and environmentally friendly industries, jobs, and communities. Several mechanisms that involve judicious use of biological entities are among instruments that are being explored to achieve the targets of SDGs. Microalgae have an increasing interest in various sectors, including; renewable energy, food, environmental management, water purification, and the production of chemicals such as biofertilizers, cosmetics, and healthcare products. The significance of microalgae also arises from their tendency to consume CO2, which is the main greenhouse gas and the major contributor to the climate change. This work discusses the roles of microalgae in achieving the various SDGs. Moreover, this work elaborates on the contribution of microalgae to the circular economy. It was found that the microalgae contribute to all the 17th SDGs, where they directly contribute to 9th of the SDGs and indirectly contribute to the rest. The major contribution of the Microalgae is clear in SDG-6 "Clean water and sanitation", SDG-7 "Affordable and clean energy", and SDG-13 "Climate action". Furthermore, it was found that Microalgae have a significant contribution to the circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Olabi
- Dept. of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Mechanical Engineering and Design, Aston University, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
| | - Nabila Shehata
- Environmental Science and Industrial Development Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Enas Taha Sayed
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Elminia, Egypt.
| | - Cristina Rodriguez
- School of Computing, Engineering, and Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK
| | - Ruth Chinyere Anyanwu
- School of Computing, Engineering, and Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK
| | - Callum Russell
- School of Computing, Engineering, and Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK
| | - Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem
- Dept. of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Elminia, Egypt.
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22
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Ecological risks associated with seaweed cultivation and identifying risk minimization approaches. ALGAL RES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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23
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Ghaffar I, Deepanraj B, Sundar LS, Vo DVN, Saikumar A, Hussain A. A review on the sustainable procurement of microalgal biomass from wastewaters for the production of biofuels. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137094. [PMID: 36334745 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of microalgal biomass as one of the most promising and renewable sources for the production of biofuels is being studied extensively. Microalgal biomass can be cultivated under photoautotrophic, heterotrophic, photoheterotrophic, and mixotrophic cultivation conditions. Photoautotrophic cultivation is the most common way of microalgal biomass production. Under mixotrophic cultivation, microalgae can utilize both organic carbon and CO2 simultaneously. Mixotrophic cultivation depicts higher biomass productivity as compared to photoautotrophic cultivation. It is evident from the literature that mixotrophic cultivation yields higher quantities of polyunsaturated fatty acids as compared to that photoautotrophic cultivation. In this context, for economical biomass production, the organic carbon of industrial wastewaters can be valorized for the mixotrophic cultivation of microalgae. Following the way, contaminants' load of wastewaters can be reduced while concomitantly producing highly productive microalgal biomass. This review focuses on different aspects covering the sustainable cultivation of different microalgal species in different types of wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imania Ghaffar
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Balakrishnan Deepanraj
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Lingala Syam Sundar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dai-Viet N Vo
- Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Algam Saikumar
- Department of Aeronautical Engineering, MLR Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Ali Hussain
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
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24
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Coral stone-inspired superwetting membranes with anti-fouling and self-cleaning properties for highly efficient oil-water separation. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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25
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Akao PK, Kaplan A, Avisar D, Dhir A, Avni A, Mamane H. Removal of carbamazepine, venlafaxine and iohexol from wastewater effluent using coupled microalgal-bacterial biofilm. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136399. [PMID: 36099989 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the removal capacity of a coupled microalgal-bacterial biofilm (CMBB) to eliminate three recalcitrant pharmaceuticals. The CMBB's efficiency, operating at different biofilm concentrations, with or without light, was compared and analyzed to correlate these parameters to pharmaceutical removal and their effect on the microorganism community. Removal rates changed with changing pharmaceutical and biofilm concentrations: higher biofilm concentrations presented higher removal. Removal of 82-94% venlafaxine and 18-51% carbamazepine was obtained with 5 days of CMBB treatment. No iohexol removal was observed. Light, microorganism composition, and dissolved oxygen concentration are essential parameters governing the removal of pharmaceuticals and ammonia. Chlorophyll concentration increased with time, even in the dark. Three bacterial phyla were dominant: Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. The dominant eukaryotic supergroups were Archaeplastida, Excavata and SAR. A study of the microorganisms' community indicated that not only do the species in the biofilm play an important role; environment, concentration and interactions among them are also important. CMBB has the potential to provide low-cost and sustainable treatment for wastewater and recalcitrant pharmaceutical removal. The microenvironments on the biofilm created by the microalgae and bacteria improved treatment efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia K Akao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel; The Water Research Center, Porter School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
| | - Aviv Kaplan
- The Water Research Center, Porter School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Dror Avisar
- The Water Research Center, Porter School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Amit Dhir
- School of Energy and Environment, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, 69978, India
| | - Adi Avni
- School of Plant Science and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Hadas Mamane
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
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26
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Mittal V, Ghosh UK. Potential of microalgae for phytoremediation of various wastewaters for nutrient removal and biodiesel production through nanocatalytic transesterification. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Mittal
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering IIT Roorkee Saharanpur Campus Saharanpur India
| | - Uttam Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering IIT Roorkee Saharanpur Campus Saharanpur India
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27
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Nichols BJ, Ricigliano VA. Uses and benefits of algae as a nutritional supplement for honey bees. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.1005058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Honey bees are essential agricultural pollinators that are threatened by various interacting stressors, posing risks to beekeeping industries and human food security. Malnutrition is a major factor underlying managed bee colony losses that can be countered by feeding artificial diets, which aim to deliver essential macro- and micronutrients. Current bee nutritional supplements show room for improvement and require resources that compete with human food production. Algae and microalgae in particular have been gaining traction in the literature as alternative feed sources and nutritional supplements for livestock, including honey bees. Herein, we review the current literature and categorize the effects of algae supplementation on honey bee colony productivity as well as effects on individual bee physiology and health. In general, we conclude that algae biomass appears to be suitable for use as a bee feed additive and as a source of health-stimulating natural products. Additionally, we suggest research areas that could improve the development of sustainable algae-based nutrition supplements for honey bees.
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28
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Ma Z, Meliana C, Munawaroh HSH, Karaman C, Karimi-Maleh H, Low SS, Show PL. Recent advances in the analytical strategies of microbial biosensor for detection of pollutants. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 306:135515. [PMID: 35772520 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microbial biosensor which integrates different types of microorganisms, such as bacteria, microalgae, fungi, and virus have become suitable technologies to address limitations of conventional analytical methods. The main applications of biosensors include the detection of environmental pollutants, pathogenic bacteria and compounds related to illness, and food quality. Each type of microorganisms possesses advantages and disadvantages with different mechanisms to detect the analytes of interest. Furthermore, there is an increasing trend in genetic modifications for the development of microbial biosensors due to potential for high-throughput analysis and portability. Many review articles have discussed the applications of microbial biosensor, but many of them focusing only about bacterial-based biosensor although other microbes also possess many advantages. Additionally, reviews on the applications of all microbes as biosensor especially viral and microbial fuel cell biosensors are also still limited. Therefore, this review summarizes all the current applications of bacterial-, microalgal-, fungal-, viral-based biosensor in regard to environmental, food, and medical-related applications. The underlying mechanism of each microbes to detect the analytes are also discussed. Additionally, microbial fuel cell biosensors which have great potential in the future are also discussed. Although many advantageous microbial-based biosensors have been discovered, other areas such as forensic detection, early detection of bacteria or virus species that can lead to pandemics, and others still need further investigation. With that said, microbial-based biosensors have promising potential for vast applications where the biosensing performance of various microorganisms are presented in this review along with future perspectives to resolve problems related on microbial biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengling Ma
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Catarina Meliana
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Life Science, Indonesia International Institute of Life Sciences, Jakarta, 13210, Indonesia
| | - Heli Siti Halimatul Munawaroh
- Study Program of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jalan Dr. Setiabudhi 229, Bandung, 40154, Indonesia
| | - Ceren Karaman
- Akdeniz University, Department of Electricity and Energy, Antalya, 07070, Turkey
| | - Hassan Karimi-Maleh
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, P.O. Box 611731, Xiyuan Ave, Chengdu, PR China; Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, 9477177870, Iran
| | - Sze Shin Low
- Research Centre of Life Science and Healthcare, China Beacons Institute, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang East Road, Ningbo, 315100, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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29
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Oliveira CYB, Jacob A, Nader C, Oliveira CDL, Matos ÂP, Araújo ES, Shabnam N, Ashok B, Gálvez AO. An overview on microalgae as renewable resources for meeting sustainable development goals. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 320:115897. [PMID: 35947909 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The increased demands and dependence on depleted oil reserves, accompanied by global warming and climate change have driven the world to explore and develop new strategies for global sustainable development. Among sustainable biomass sources, microalgae represent a promising alternative to fossil fuel and can contribute to the achievement of important Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This article has reviewed the various applications of microalgal biomass that includes (i) the use in aquaculture and its sustainability; (ii) commercial value and emerging extraction strategies of carotenoids; (iii) biofuels from microalgae and their application in internal combustion engines; (iv) the use and reuse of water in microalgae cultivation; and (v) microalgae biotechnology as a key factor to assist SDGs. The future prospects and challenges on the microalgae circular bio economy, issues with regard to the scale-up and water demand in microalgae cultivation are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Yure B Oliveira
- Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
| | - Ashwin Jacob
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Camila Nader
- Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Cicero Diogo L Oliveira
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
| | - Ângelo P Matos
- Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Evando S Araújo
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Aplicações de Eletrofiação e Nanotecnologia (GPEA-Nano), Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Juazeiro, Brazil
| | - Nisha Shabnam
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Czech Republic
| | - Bragadeshwaran Ashok
- Division of Thermal and Automotive, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Alfredo O Gálvez
- Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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30
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Priya AK, Jalil AA, Vadivel S, Dutta K, Rajendran S, Fujii M, Soto-Moscoso M. Heavy metal remediation from wastewater using microalgae: Recent advances and future trends. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 305:135375. [PMID: 35738200 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae-based wastewater treatment has previously been carried out in huge waste stabilization ponds. Microalgae, which can absorb carbon dioxide while reusing nutrients from sewage, has recently emerged as a new trend in the wastewater treatment business. Microalgae farming is thought to be a potential match for the modern world's energy strategy, which emphasizes low-cost and environmentally benign alternatives. Microalgae are being used to treat wastewater and make useful products. Microalgae, for example, is a promising renewable resource for producing biomass from wastewater nutrients because of its quick growth rate, short life span, and high carbon dioxide utilization efficacy. Microalgae-based bioremediation has grown in importance in the treatment of numerous types of wastewater in recent years. This solar-powered wastewater treatment technology has huge potential. However, there are still issues to be resolved in terms of land requirements, as well as the process's ecological feasibility and long-term viability, before these systems can be widely adopted. Due to cost and the need for a faultless downstream process, it is difficult to deploy this technology on a large scale. Other recent breakthroughs in wastewater microalgae farming have been investigated, such as how varied pressures affect microalgae growth and quality, as well as the number of high-value components produced. In this review, the future of this biotechnology has also been examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Priya
- Department of Civil Engineering, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, 641027, India
| | - A A Jalil
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Centre of Hydrogen Energy, Institute of Future Energy, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Sethumathavan Vadivel
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Kingshuk Dutta
- Advanced Polymer Design and Development Research Laboratory (APDDRL), School for Advanced Research in Petrochemicals (SARP), Central Institute of Petrochemicals Engineering and Technology (CIPET), Bengaluru, 562149, India
| | - Saravanan Rajendran
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Tarapacá, Avda. General Velásquez, 1775, Arica, Chile.
| | - Manabu Fujii
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
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31
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Utilization of unconventional water resources (UWRS) for aquaculture development in arid and semi-arid regions – a review. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2022-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Today, increase of world’s population and climate change has resulted in the reduction of fresh water resources and the increase of arid and semi-arid areas, and thus, it is necessary to find a new solution to increase the production of food resources. Aquaculture is one of the sources of food production, which can play a key role in fighting poverty and hunger. Sustainable aquaculture is strongly dependents on water quantity and quality, and also, optimal fish production can be determined by the physical, chemical and biological quality of water. Due to the current restrictions and the global increase in demand for aquatic products, unconventional waters (UWs) have been used in aquaculture. UWs include: recycled water, sewage, saline water, agricultural drains and water resulting from the process of sweetening and desalination of salty water. Today, these water resources have been used to grow all kinds of aquatic animals to provide food and protein. Considering the limited water resources in the world, the use of UWs is very effective and efficient in managing drought, and is considered as one of the ways to develop food production for humans. Due to its importance in areas facing water scarcity, the use of UWRs to supplement or replace the use of conventional fresh water sources has been considered. In this review study, the importance of UWs and their sources, aquaculture products and aquatics that can be cultivated with the help of UWs are discussed.
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32
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Aditya L, Mahlia TMI, Nguyen LN, Vu HP, Nghiem LD. Microalgae-bacteria consortium for wastewater treatment and biomass production. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:155871. [PMID: 35568165 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The diversity of microalgae and bacteria allows them to form a complementary consortium for efficient wastewater treatment and nutrient recovery. This review highlights the potential of wastewater-derived microalgal biomass as a renewable feedstock for producing animal feed, biofertilisers, biofuel, and many valuable biochemicals. Data corroborated from this review shows that microalgae and bacteria can thrive in many environments. Microalgae are especially effective at utilising nutrients from the water as they grow. This review also consolidates the current understanding of microalgae characteristics and their interactions with bacteria in a consortium system. Recent studies on the performance of only microalgae and microalgae-bacteria wastewater treatment are compared and discussed to establish a research roadmap for practical implementation of the consortium systems for various wastewaters (domestic, industrial, agro-industrial, and landfill leachate wastewater). In comparison to the pure microalgae system, the consortium system has a higher removal efficiency of up to 15% and shorter treatment time. Additionally, this review addresses a variety of possibilities for biomass application after wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Aditya
- Center for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - T M Indra Mahlia
- Center for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Luong N Nguyen
- Center for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Hang P Vu
- Center for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Long D Nghiem
- Center for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
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33
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Srimongkol P, Sangtanoo P, Songserm P, Watsuntorn W, Karnchanatat A. Microalgae-based wastewater treatment for developing economic and environmental sustainability: Current status and future prospects. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:904046. [PMID: 36159694 PMCID: PMC9489850 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.904046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last several decades, concerns about climate change and pollution due to human activity has gained widespread attention. Microalgae have been proposed as a suitable biological platform to reduce carbon dioxide, a major greenhouse gas, while also creating commercial sources of high-value compounds such as medicines, cosmetics, food, feed, and biofuel. Industrialization of microalgae culture and valorization is still limited by significant challenges in scaling up the production processes due to economic constraints and productivity capacities. Therefore, a boost in resource usage efficiency is required. This enhancement not only lowers manufacturing costs but also enhancing the long-term viability of microalgae-based products. Using wastewater as a nutrient source is a great way to reduce manufacturing costs. Furthermore, water scarcity is one of the most important global challenges. In recent decades, industrialization, globalization, and population growth have all impacted freshwater resources. Moreover, high amounts of organic and inorganic toxins in the water due to the disposal of waste into rivers can have severe impacts on human and animal health. Microalgae cultures are a sustainable solution to tertiary and quaternary treatments since they have the ability to digest complex contaminants. This review presents biorefineries based on microalgae from all angles, including the potential for environmental pollution remediation as well as applications for bioenergy and value-added biomolecule production. An overview of current information about microalgae-based technology and a discussion of the associated hazards and opportunities for the bioeconomy are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piroonporn Srimongkol
- Center of Excellence in Bioconversion and Bioseparation for Platform Chemical Production, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Papassara Sangtanoo
- Center of Excellence in Bioconversion and Bioseparation for Platform Chemical Production, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pajareeya Songserm
- Center of Excellence in Bioconversion and Bioseparation for Platform Chemical Production, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wannapawn Watsuntorn
- Panyapiwat Institute of Management Demonstration School, Pakkred, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Aphichart Karnchanatat
- Center of Excellence in Bioconversion and Bioseparation for Platform Chemical Production, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Aphichart Karnchanatat,
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34
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Ahmad I, Ibrahim NNB, Abdullah N, Koji I, Mohama SE, Khoo KS, Cheah WY, Ling TC, Show PL. Bioremediation strategies of palm oil mill effluent and landfill leachate using microalgae cultivation: An approach contributing towards environmental sustainability. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.107854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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35
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Zahmatkesh S, Amesho KTT, Sillanpää M. A critical review on diverse technologies for advanced wastewater treatment during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: What do we know? JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 7:100121. [PMID: 37520795 PMCID: PMC9250822 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2022.100121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Advanced wastewater treatment technologies are effective methods and currently attract growing attention, especially in arid and semi-arid areas, for reusing water, reducing water pollution, and explicitly declining, inactivating, or removing SARS-CoV-2. Overall, removing organic matter and micropollutants prior to wastewater reuse is critical, considering that water reclamation can help provide a crop irrigation system and domestic purified water. Advanced wastewater treatment processes are highly recommended for contaminants such as monovalent ions from an abiotic source and SARS-CoV-2 from an abiotic source. This work introduces the fundamental knowledge of various methods in advanced water treatment, including membranes, filtration, Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, ozonation, chlorination, advanced oxidation processes, activated carbon (AC), and algae. Following that, an analysis of each process for organic matter removal and mitigation or prevention of SARS-CoV-2 contamination is discussed. Next, a comprehensive overview of recent advances and breakthroughs is provided for each technology. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed.
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Key Words
- AOP, advanced oxidation process
- Activated carbon
- Advanced oxidation process
- Algae
- BOD, biological oxygen demand
- COD, chemical oxygen demand
- Chlorination
- DBP, disinfection by-product
- EPS, extracellular polymeric substances
- GAC, granular activated carbon
- Membrane
- Micropollutants
- Ozonation
- PAC, powdered activated carbon
- SARS-CoV-2
- TOC, total organic carbon
- TSS, total suspended solids
- UV irradiation
- UV, ultraviolet
- WWTPs, wastewater treatment plants
- Wastewater
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasan Zahmatkesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of Mazandaran, P.O. Box 48518-78195, Behshahr, Iran
| | - Kassian T T Amesho
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- The International University of Management, Centre for Environmental Studies, Main Campus, Dorado Park Ext 1, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Faculty of Science and Technology, School of Applied Physics, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS), Shoolini University, Solan, 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, P. O. Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
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Sarwer A, Hussain M, Al‐Muhtaseb AH, Inayat A, Rafiq S, Khurram MS, Ul‐Haq N, Shah NS, Alaud Din A, Ahmad I, Jamil F. Suitability of Biofuels Production on Commercial Scale from Various Feedstocks: A Critical Review. CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cben.202100049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asma Sarwer
- COMSATS University Islamabad CUI Department of Chemical Engineering Lahore Pakistan
| | - Murid Hussain
- COMSATS University Islamabad CUI Department of Chemical Engineering Lahore Pakistan
| | - Ala'a H. Al‐Muhtaseb
- Sultan Qaboos University Department Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering College of Engineering Muscat Oman
| | - Abrar Inayat
- University of Sharjah Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates
| | - Sikander Rafiq
- University of Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical, Polymer and Composite Materials Engineering New Campus Lahore Pakistan
| | - M. Shahzad Khurram
- COMSATS University Islamabad CUI Department of Chemical Engineering Lahore Pakistan
| | - Noaman Ul‐Haq
- COMSATS University Islamabad CUI Department of Chemical Engineering Lahore Pakistan
| | - Noor Samad Shah
- COMSATS University Islamabad Department of Environmental Sciences Campus 61100 Vehari Pakistan
| | - Aamir Alaud Din
- National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering (IESE) School of Civil and Environmental Engineering (SCEE) H-12 Campus 44000 Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Ishaq Ahmad
- University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar Department of Mining Engineering Peshwar Pakistan
| | - Farrukh Jamil
- COMSATS University Islamabad CUI Department of Chemical Engineering Lahore Pakistan
- Sultan Qaboos University Department Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering College of Engineering Muscat Oman
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Morillas-España A, Ruiz-Nieto Á, Lafarga T, Acién G, Arbib Z, González-López CV. Biostimulant Capacity of Chlorella and Chlamydopodium Species Produced Using Wastewater and Centrate. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11071086. [PMID: 36101464 PMCID: PMC9312269 DOI: 10.3390/biology11071086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The world population is expected to grow by over 2 billion people in the coming decades, involving an increase in agricultural production. Agriculture demands huge amounts of water and energy, so it is crucial to minimise the use of these resources to ensure a sustainable future. Plant biostimulants can promote germination, plant growth, flowering, and crop productivity, as well as increase nutrient-use efficiencies and resistance to abiotic stress. Microalgae are a novel and interesting source of biostimulants, and they can grow using wastewater. Although there is great interest in developing and applying these natural biostimulants produced from microalgae, there is still only a limited number of well-characterised and stable products available commercially. It is therefore necessary to identify novel strains that have a biostimulant capacity that are robust, that can grow in wastewater, and that are highly productive. This work determines the viability of producing high-quality microalgal biomass using wastewater and assesses the biostimulant capacity of the produced biomass. It is focused on an initial laboratory-scale study to produce these strains in wastewater and a preliminary validation of their biostimulant capacity. Abstract The aim of the present study was to assess the potential of producing four microalgal strains using secondary-treated urban wastewater supplemented with centrate, and to evaluate the biostimulant effects of several microalgal extracts obtained using water and sonication. Four strains were studied: Chlorella vulgaris UAL-1, Chlorella sp. UAL-2, Chlorella vulgaris UAL-3, and Chlamydopodium fusiforme UAL-4. The highest biomass productivity was found for C. fusiforme, with a value of 0.38 ± 0.01 g·L−1·day−1. C. vulgaris UAL-1 achieved a biomass productivity of 0.31 ± 0.03 g·L−1·day−1 (the highest for the Chlorella genus), while the N-NH4+, N-NO3−, and P-PO43− removal capacities of this strain were 51.9 ± 2.4, 0.8 ± 0.1, and 5.7 ± 0.3 mg·L−1·day−1, respectively. C. vulgaris UAL-1 showed the greatest potential for use as a biostimulant—when used at a concentration of 0.1 g·L−1, it increased the germination index of watercress seeds by 3.5%. At concentrations of 0.5 and 2.0 g·L−1, the biomass from this microalga promoted adventitious root formation in soybean seeds by 220% and 493%, respectively. The cucumber expansion test suggested a cytokinin-like effect from C. vulgaris UAL-1; it was also the only strain that promoted the formation of chlorophylls in wheat leaves. Overall, the results of the present study suggest the potential of producing C. vulgaris UAL-1 using centrate and wastewater as well as the potential utilisation of its biomass to develop high-value biostimulants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainoa Morillas-España
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (A.M.-E.); (Á.R.-N.); (T.L.); (G.A.)
- Functional Desalination and Photosynthesis Unit, CIESOL Solar Research Centre, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Ángela Ruiz-Nieto
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (A.M.-E.); (Á.R.-N.); (T.L.); (G.A.)
| | - Tomás Lafarga
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (A.M.-E.); (Á.R.-N.); (T.L.); (G.A.)
- Functional Desalination and Photosynthesis Unit, CIESOL Solar Research Centre, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Gabriel Acién
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (A.M.-E.); (Á.R.-N.); (T.L.); (G.A.)
- Functional Desalination and Photosynthesis Unit, CIESOL Solar Research Centre, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Zouhayr Arbib
- Sustainability Area FCC Aqualia, 04001 Almería, Spain;
| | - Cynthia V. González-López
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (A.M.-E.); (Á.R.-N.); (T.L.); (G.A.)
- Research Center for Mediterranean Intensive Agrosystems and Agrifood Biotechnology CIAIMBITAL, 04120 Almería, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Abstract
(1) Background: Mixotrophic growth is commonly associated with higher biomass productivity and lower energy consumption. This paper evaluates the impact of using different carbon sources on growth, protein profile, and nutrient uptake for Dunaliella tertiolecta CCAP 19/30 to assess the potential for mixotrophic growth. (2) Methods: Two experimental sets were conducted. The first assessed the contribution of atmospheric carbon to D. tertiolecta growth and the microalgae capacity to grow heterotrophically with an organic carbon source to provide both carbon and energy. The second set evaluated the impact of using different carbon sources on its growth, protein yield and quality. (3) Results: D. tertiolecta could not grow heterotrophically. Cell and optical density, ash-free dry weight, and essential amino acids index were inferior for all treatments using organic carbon compared to NaHCO3. Neither cell nor optical density presented significant differences among the treatments containing organic carbon, demonstrating that organic carbon does not boost D. tertiolecta growth. All the treatments presented similar nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur recovery, and relative carbohydrate content. (4) Conclusions: Based on the results of this paper, D. tertiolecta CCAP 19/30 is an obligated autotroph that cannot grow mixotrophically using organic carbon.
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Microalgae Cultivation on Nutrient Rich Digestate: The Importance of Strain and Digestate Tailoring under PH Control. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12115429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The bioremediation of digestate using microalgae presents a solution to the current eutrophication issue in Northwest Europe, where the use of digestate as soil fertiliser is limited, thus resulting in an excess of digestate. Ammonium is the main nutrient of interest in digestate for microalgal cultivation, and improving its availability and consequent uptake is crucial for optimal bioremediation. This work aimed to determine the influence of pH on ammonium availability in cultures of two green microalgae, additionally screened for their growth performances on three digestates produced from different feedstocks, demonstrating the importance of tailoring a microalgal strain and digestate for bioremediation purposes. Results showed that an acidic pH of 6–6.5 resulted in a better ammonium availability in the digestate media, translated into better growth yields for both S. obliquus (GR: 0.099 ± 0.001 day−1; DW: 0.23 ± 0.02 g L−1) and C. vulgaris (GR: 0.09 ± 0.001 day−1; DW: 0.49 ± 0.012 g L−1). This result was especially true when considering larger-scale applications where ammonium loss via evaporation should be avoided. The results also demonstrated that digestates from different feedstocks resulted in different growth yields and biomass composition, especially fatty acids, for which, a digestate produced from pig manure resulted in acid contents of 6.94 ± 0.033% DW and 4.91 ± 0.3% DW in S. obliquus and C. vulgaris, respectively. Finally, this work demonstrated that the acclimation of microalgae to novel nutrient sources should be carefully considered, as it could convey significant advantages in terms of biomass composition, especially fatty acids and carbohydrate, for which, this study also demonstrated the importance of harvesting time.
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Torres MJ, González-Ballester D, Gómez-Osuna A, Galván A, Fernández E, Dubini A. Chlamydomonas-Methylobacterium oryzae cooperation leads to increased biomass, nitrogen removal and hydrogen production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 352:127088. [PMID: 35364237 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In the context of algal wastewater bioremediation, this study has identified a novel consortium formed by the bacterium Methylobacterium oryzae and the microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii that greatly increase biomass generation (1.22 g L-1·d-1), inorganic nitrogen removal (>99%), and hydrogen production (33 mL·L-1) when incubated in media containing ethanol and methanol. The key metabolic aspect of this relationship relied on the bacterial oxidation of ethanol to acetate, which supported heterotrophic algal growth. However, in the bacterial monocultures the acetate accumulation inhibited bacterial growth. Moreover, in the absence of methanol, ethanol was an unsuitable carbon source and its incomplete oxidation to acetaldehyde had a toxic effect on both the alga and the bacterium. In cocultures, both alcohols were used as carbon sources by the bacteria, the inhibitory effects were overcome and both microorganisms mutually benefited. Potential biotechnological applications in wastewater treatment, biomass generation and hydrogen production are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Jesús Torres
- Universidad de Córdoba, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Ed. C6, Planta Baja, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - David González-Ballester
- Universidad de Córdoba, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Ed. C6, Planta Baja, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Aitor Gómez-Osuna
- Universidad de Córdoba, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Ed. C6, Planta Baja, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Aurora Galván
- Universidad de Córdoba, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Ed. C6, Planta Baja, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Emilio Fernández
- Universidad de Córdoba, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Ed. C6, Planta Baja, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Alexandra Dubini
- Universidad de Córdoba, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Ed. C6, Planta Baja, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
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Wu P, Zhang Z, Luo Y, Bai Y, Fan J. Bioremediation of phenolic pollutants by algae - current status and challenges. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 350:126930. [PMID: 35247559 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Industrial production processes, especially petroleum processing, will produce high concentration phenolic wastewater. Traditional wastewater treatment technology is costly and may lead to secondary pollution. In order to avoid the adverse effects of incompletely treated phenolics, more advanced methods are required. Algae bioremediate phenolics through green pathways such as adsorption, bioaccumulation, biodegradation, and photodegradation. At the same time, the natural carbon fixation capacity of algae and its potential to produce high-value products make algal wastewater treatment technology economically feasible. This paper reviews the environmental impact of several types of phenolic pollutants in wastewater and different strategies to improve bioremediation efficiency. This paper focuses on the progress of algae removing phenols by different mechanisms and the potential of algae biomass for further biofuel production. This technology holds great promise, but more research on practical wastewater treatment at an industrial scale is needed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Department of Applied Biology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Zhaofei Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Yeling Luo
- Department of Bioengineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Yunpeng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Department of Bioengineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Jianhua Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Department of Applied Biology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
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Khan F, Shahid A, Zhu H, Wang N, Javed MR, Ahmad N, Xu J, Alam MA, Mehmood MA. Prospects of algae-based green synthesis of nanoparticles for environmental applications. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 293:133571. [PMID: 35026203 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) has emerged as an eco-friendly alternative to produce nanomaterials with diverse physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. Previously used, physical and chemical methods involve the production of toxic byproducts, costly instrumentation, and energy-intensive experimental processes thereby, limiting their applicability. Biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles has come forward as a potential alternative, providing an eco-friendly, cost-effective, and energy-efficient approach for the synthesis of a diverse range of NPs. Several biological entities are employed in the biosynthesis of NPs including bacteria, fungi, and algae. However, the distinguishing characteristics of microalgae and cyanobacteria make them promising candidates for NPs synthesis because of their higher growth rate, substantially higher rate of sequestering CO2, hyperaccumulation of heavy metals, absence of toxic byproducts, minimum energy input, and employment of biomolecules (pigments and enzymes) as reducing and capping agents. Algal extract, being a natural reducing and capping agent, serves as a living cell factory for the efficient green synthesis of nanoparticles. Physiological and biological methods allow algal cells to uptake heavy metals and utilize them as nutrient source to generate biomass by regulating their metabolic processes. Despite their enormous potential, studies on the microalgae-based synthesis of nanoparticles for the removal of toxic pollutants from wastewater remained an unexplored research area in the literature. This review was aimed to summarize the recent advancements and prospects in the algae-based synthesis of nanoparticles for environmental applications particularly treating the wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Khan
- Bioenergy Research Centre, Department of Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Shahid
- Bioenergy Research Centre, Department of Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hui Zhu
- School of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China
| | - Muhammad Rizwan Javed
- Bioenergy Research Centre, Department of Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Niaz Ahmad
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Jianren Xu
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Md Asraful Alam
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Muhammad Aamer Mehmood
- School of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China; Bioenergy Research Centre, Department of Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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Efficacy of Ciprofloxacin and Amoxicillin Removal and the Effect on the Biochemical Composition of Chlorella vulgaris. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9040134. [PMID: 35447694 PMCID: PMC9032391 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9040134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics are frequently detected in the aquatic environment due to their excessive usage and low-efficiency removal in wastewater treatment plants. This can provide the origin to the development of antibiotic-resistant genes in the microbial community, with considerable ecotoxicity to the environment. Among the antibiotics, the occurrence of ciprofloxacin (CIP) and amoxicillin (AMX) has been detected in various water matrices at different concentrations around the Earth. They are designated as emerging contaminants (ECs). Microalga Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) has been extensively employed in phycoremediation studies for its acclimatization property, non-target organisms for antibiotics, and the production of value-added bioproducts utilizing the nutrients from the wastewater. In this study, C. vulgaris medium was spiked with 5 mg/L of CIP and AMX, and investigated for its growth-stimulating effects, antibiotic removal capabilities, and its effects on the biochemical composition of algal cells compared to the control medium for 7 days. The results demonstrated that C. vulgaris adapted the antibiotic spiked medium and removed CIP (37 ± 2%) and AMX (25 ± 3%), respectively. The operating mechanisms were bioadsorption, followed by bioaccumulation, and biodegradation, with an increase in cell density up to 46 ± 3% (CIP) and 36 ± 4% (AMX), compared to the control medium. Further investigations revealed that, in the CIP stress-induced algal medium, an increase in major photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll-a (30%) and biochemical composition (lipids (50%), carbohydrates (32%), and proteins (65%)) was observed, respectively, compared to the control medium. In the AMX stress-induced algal medium, increases in chlorophyll-a (22%), lipids (46%), carbohydrates (45%), and proteins (49%) production were observed compared to the control medium. Comparing the two different stress conditions and considering that CIP is more toxic than AMX, this study provided insights on the photosynthetic activity and biochemical composition of C. vulgaris during the stress conditions and the response of algae towards the specific antibiotic stress. The current study confirmed the ability of C. vulgaris to adapt, bioadsorb, bioaccumulate, and biodegrade emerging contaminants. Moreover, the results showed that C. vulgaris is not only able to remove CIP and AMX from the medium but also can increase the production of valuable biomass usable in the production of various bioproducts.
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Microalgae as Feed Ingredients and a Potential Source of Competitive Advantage in Livestock Production: A review. Livest Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2022.104907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Majhi PK, Kothari R, Arora NK, Pandey VC, Tyagi VV. Impact of pH on Pollutional Parameters of Textile Industry Wastewater with Use of Chlorella pyrenoidosa at Lab-Scale: A Green Approach. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 108:485-490. [PMID: 33950268 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03208-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The current study focused on the pollution remediation of textile industry wastewater by using Chlorella pyrenoidosa in two different physical forms: free algal biomass and immobilized algal biomass. The hypothesis behind the present study was to analyze the pollution reduction efficiency of immobilized algal biomass and free algal biomass on comparative scale on the basis of the adsorption process which is directly proportional with the surface area of the adsorbate. So, in this context the immobilized form of algae could enhance the pollution reduction efficiency due to availability of more surface area. So, the textile industry wastewater was treated by both free algal biomass and immobilized algal biomass and the major wastewater contributors like nitrate, phosphate, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) were assessed before and after the treatment process. To conclude the optimum comparative results, the pH of wastewater was maintained constant, as it can capitalize or moderate the adsorption process (initial pH of was 8.2 ± 0.1, but it was maintained to 8). The contamination remediation was found to be effective with immobilized algal biomass (46.7% of nitrate, 59.4% of phosphate, 83.1% BOD and 83.0% of COD) than free algal biomass (43.2% of nitrate, 56.7% of phosphate, 71.4% of BOD and 78.0% COD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep K Majhi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, U.P., 226025, India
| | - Richa Kothari
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani, Bagla, Samba, J&K, 181143, India.
| | - N K Arora
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, U.P., 226025, India
| | - Vimal Chandra Pandey
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, U.P., 226025, India
| | - V V Tyagi
- School of Energy Management, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, J&K, 182320, India
- Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 80200, Saudi Arabia
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Krujatz F, Dani S, Windisch J, Emmermacher J, Hahn F, Mosshammer M, Murthy S, Steingroewer J, Walther T, Kühl M, Gelinsky M, Lode A. Think outside the box: 3D bioprinting concepts for biotechnological applications – recent developments and future perspectives. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 58:107930. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Law XN, Cheah WY, Chew KW, Ibrahim MF, Park YK, Ho SH, Show PL. Microalgal-based biochar in wastewater remediation: Its synthesis, characterization and applications. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:111966. [PMID: 34450156 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are drawing attentions among researchers for their biorefinery use or value-added products. The high production rate of biomasses produced are attractive for conversion into volatile biochar. Torrefaction, pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization are the recommended thermochemical conversion techniques that could produce microalgal-based biochar with desirable physiochemical properties such as high surface area and pore volume, abundant surface functional groups, as well as functionality such as high adsorption capacity. The characterizations of the biochar significantly influence the mechanisms in adsorption of pollutants from wastewaters. Specific adsorption of the organic and inorganic pollutants from the effluent are reviewed to examine the adsorption capacity and efficiency of biochar derived from different microalgae species. Last but not least, future remarks over the challenges and improvements are discussed accordingly. Overall, this review would discuss the synthesis, characterization and application of the microalgal-based biochar in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ni Law
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China; School of Bioscience, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Wai Yan Cheah
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, MAHSA University, 42610, Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Kit Wayne Chew
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900, Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohamad Faizal Ibrahim
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Shih-Hsin Ho
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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A Review on the Reliability and the Readiness Level of Microalgae-Based Nutrient Recovery Technologies for Secondary Treated Effluent in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10020399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Algae-based wastewater treatment technologies are promising green technologies with huge economical potential and environmental co-benefits. However, despite the immense research, work, and achievement, no publications were found wherein these technologies have been successfully applied in an operational environment for nitrogen and phosphorus removal of secondary treated effluent in municipal wastewater treatment plants. Based on a literature review and targeted comprehensive analysis, the paper seeks to identify the main reasons for this. The reliability (considering inlet wastewater quality variations, operating conditions and process control, algae harvesting method, and produced biomass) as well as the technology readiness level for five types of reactors are discussed. The review shows that the reactors with a higher level of control over the technological parameters are more reliable but algal post-treatment harvesting and additional costs are barriers for their deployment. The least reliable systems continue to be attractive for research due to the non-complex operation and relieved expenditure costs. The rotating biofilm systems are currently undertaking serious development due to their promising features. Among the remaining research gaps and challenges for all the reactor types are the identification of the optimal algal strains, establishment of technological parameters, overcoming seasonal variations in the effluent’s quality, and biomass harvesting.
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Mathew MM, Khatana K, Vats V, Dhanker R, Kumar R, Dahms HU, Hwang JS. Biological Approaches Integrating Algae and Bacteria for the Degradation of Wastewater Contaminants-A Review. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:801051. [PMID: 35185825 PMCID: PMC8850834 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.801051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The traditional approach for biodegradation of organic matter in sewage treatment used a consortium of bacterial spp. that produce untreated or partially treated inorganic contaminants resulting in large amounts of poor-quality sludge. The aeration process of activated sludge treatment requires high energy. So, a sustainable technique for sewage treatment that could produce less amount of sludge and less energy demanding is required for various developed and developing countries. This led to research into using microalgae for wastewater treatment as they reduce concentrations of nutrients like inorganic nitrates and phosphates from the sewage water, hence reducing the associated chemical oxygen demand (COD). The presence of microalgae removes nutrient concentration in water resulting in reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and toxic heavy metals like Al, Ni, and Cu. Their growth also offers opportunity to produce biofuels and bioproducts from algal biomass. To optimize use of microalgae, technologies like high-rate algal ponds (HRAPs) have been developed, that typically use 22% of the electricity used in Sequencing Batch Reactors for activated sludge treatment with added economic and environmental benefits like reduced comparative operation cost per cubic meter, mitigate global warming, and eutrophication potentials. The addition of suitable bacterial species may further enhance the treatment potential in the wastewater medium as the inorganic nutrients are assimilated into the algal biomass, while the organic nutrients are utilized by bacteria. Further, the mutual exchange of CO2 and O2 between the algae and the bacteria helps in enhancing the photosynthetic activity of algae and oxidation by bacteria leading to a higher overall nutrient removal efficiency. Even negative interactions between algae and bacteria mediated by various secondary metabolites (phycotoxins) have proven beneficial as it controls the algal bloom in the eutrophic water bodies. Herein, we attempt to review various opportunities and limitations of using a combination of microalgae and bacteria in wastewater treatment method toward cost effective, eco-friendly, and sustainable method of sewage treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merwin Mammen Mathew
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, School of Engineering Sciences, GD Goenka University, Gurugram, India
| | - Kanchan Khatana
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, School of Engineering Sciences, GD Goenka University, Gurugram, India
| | - Vaidehi Vats
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, School of Engineering Sciences, GD Goenka University, Gurugram, India
| | - Raunak Dhanker
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, School of Engineering Sciences, GD Goenka University, Gurugram, India
| | - Ram Kumar
- Ecosystem Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, School of Earth, Biological and Environmental Sciences, Central University of South Bihar, Fatehpur, India
| | - Hans-Uwe Dahms
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jiang-Shiou Hwang
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
- Center of Excellence for Ocean Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
- Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
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Danouche M, El Ghachtouli N, Aasfar A, Bennis I, El Arroussi H. Pb(II)-phycoremediation mechanism using Scenedesmus obliquus: cells physicochemical properties and metabolomic profiling. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08967. [PMID: 35243087 PMCID: PMC8866896 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This study highlights the mechanisms of Pb(II)-phycoremediation using the Pb(II) tolerant strain of Scenedesmus obliquus. First, monitoring of cell growth kinetics in control and Pb(II)-doped medium revealed significant growth inhibition, while the analyses through flow cytometry and Zetasizer revealed no difference in cell viability and size. Residual weights of control and Pb(II)-loaded cells assessed by thermogravimetric analysis were 31.34% and 57.8%, respectively, indicating the uptake of Pb(II) into S. obliquus cells. Next, the use of chemical extraction to distinguish between the intracellular and extracellular uptake indicated the involvement of both biosorption (85.5%) and bioaccumulation (14.5%) mechanisms. Biosorption interaction of Pb(II) ions and the cell wall was confirmed using SEM-EDX, FTIR, zeta potential, zero-charge pH, and contact angle analyses. Besides, the biochemical characterization of control and Pb(II)-loaded cells revealed that the bioaccumulation of Pb(II) induces significant increases in the carotenoids and lipids content, while it decreases in the chlorophyll, carbohydrates, and proteins content. Finally, the metabolomic analysis indicated an increase in the relative abundance of fatty acid methyl esters, alkanes, aromatic compounds, and sterols. However, the alkenes and monounsaturated fatty acids decreased. Such metabolic adjustment may represent an adaptive strategy that prevents high Pb(II)-bioaccumulation in cellular compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Danouche
- Green Biotechnology Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research (MAScIR), Rabat, Morocco
- Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules Laboratory, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
- Corresponding author.
| | - N. El Ghachtouli
- Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules Laboratory, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
- Corresponding author.
| | - A. Aasfar
- Green Biotechnology Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research (MAScIR), Rabat, Morocco
| | - I. Bennis
- Green Biotechnology Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research (MAScIR), Rabat, Morocco
| | - H. El Arroussi
- Green Biotechnology Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research (MAScIR), Rabat, Morocco
- AgroBioScience (AgBS), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir, Morocco
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