1
|
Alloy MM, Finch BE, Ward CP, Redman AD, Bejarano AC, Barron MG. Recommendations for advancing test protocols examining the photo-induced toxicity of petroleum and polycyclic aromatic compounds. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 256:106390. [PMID: 36709615 PMCID: PMC10519366 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Photo-induced toxicity of petroleum products and polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) is the enhanced toxicity caused by their interaction with ultraviolet radiation and occurs by two distinct mechanisms: photosensitization and photomodification. Laboratory approaches for designing, conducting, and reporting of photo-induced toxicity studies are reviewed and recommended to enhance the original Chemical Response to Oil Spills: Ecological Research Forum (CROSERF) protocols which did not address photo-induced toxicity. Guidance is provided on conducting photo-induced toxicity tests, including test species, endpoints, experimental design and dosing, light sources, irradiance measurement, chemical characterization, and data reporting. Because of distinct mechanisms, aspects of photosensitization (change in compound energy state) and photomodification (change in compound structure) are addressed separately, and practical applications in laboratory and field studies and advances in predictive modeling are discussed. One goal for developing standardized testing protocols is to support lab-to-field extrapolations, which in the case of petroleum substances often requires a modeling framework to account for differential physicochemical properties of the constituents. Recommendations are provided to promote greater standardization of laboratory studies on photo-induced toxicity, thus facilitating comparisons across studies and generating data needed to improve models used in oil spill science.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M Alloy
- Office of Research and Development, US EPA, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Bryson E Finch
- Department of Ecology, State of Washington, Lacey, WA, USA
| | - Collin P Ward
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Mace G Barron
- Office of Research & Development, US EPA, Gulf Breeze, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
In situ modification of melamine sponge by MgAl-LDH with super-hydrophobicity and excellent harsh environment tolerance for high flux emulsion separation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
3
|
Leads RR, Magnuson JT, Lucero J, Lund AK, Schlenk D, Chavez JR, Roberts AP. Transcriptomic responses and apoptosis in larval red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) co-exposed to crude oil and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 179:113684. [PMID: 35489094 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation can significantly increase the toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in crude oil to early life stage (ELS) fishes through photo-induced /photo-enhanced toxicity. However, little is known about the sub-lethal effects and mechanisms of photo-induced PAH toxicity in ELS fishes. The present study investigated apoptosis and global transcriptomic effects in larval red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) (24-72 h post-fertilization) following co-exposure to oil (0.29-0.30 μg/L ∑PAH50) and UV. Apoptosis was quantified using the TUNEL assay, and transcriptomic effects were assessed using RNA sequencing analysis. Apoptotic fluorescence was greatest in the eyes and skin following 24 and 48 h co-exposure to oil and UV, indicating photo-induced toxicity. Consistent with these phenotypic responses, pathways associated with phototransduction, eye development, and dermatological disease were among the top predicted pathways impacted. The present study is the first to provide global transcriptomic analysis of UV and oil co-exposure in an ELS fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel R Leads
- University of North Texas, Department of Biological Sciences and Advanced Environmental Research Institute, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX 76203, USA.
| | - Jason T Magnuson
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - JoAnn Lucero
- University of North Texas, Department of Biological Sciences and Advanced Environmental Research Institute, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Amie K Lund
- University of North Texas, Department of Biological Sciences and Advanced Environmental Research Institute, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Daniel Schlenk
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; Institute of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - J Ruben Chavez
- Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, Coastal Conservation Association, Central Power and Light Marine Development Center, Corpus Christi, TX 78418, USA
| | - Aaron P Roberts
- University of North Texas, Department of Biological Sciences and Advanced Environmental Research Institute, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Freeman DH, Ward CP. Sunlight-driven dissolution is a major fate of oil at sea. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl7605. [PMID: 35171676 PMCID: PMC8849300 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl7605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Oxygenation reactions initiated by sunlight can transform insoluble components of crude oil at sea into water-soluble products, a process called photo-dissolution. First reported a half century ago, photo-dissolution has never been included in spill models because key parameters required for rate modeling were unknown, including the wavelength and photon dose dependence. Here, we experimentally quantified photo-dissolution as a function of wavelength and photon dose, making possible a sensitivity analysis of environmental variables in hypothetical spill scenarios and a mass balance assessment for the 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DwH) spill. The sensitivity analysis revealed that rates were most sensitive to oil slick thickness, season/latitude, and wavelength and less sensitive to photon dose. We estimate that 3 to 17% (best estimate 8%) of DwH surface oil was subject to photo-dissolution, comparable in magnitude to other widely recognized fate processes. Our findings invite a critical reevaluation of surface oil budgets for both DwH and future spills at sea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Haas Freeman
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Collin P. Ward
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pasparakis C, Wang Y, Heuer RM, Zhang W, Stieglitz JD, McGuigan CJ, Benetti DD, Scholey VP, Margulies D, Grosell M. Ultraviolet avoidance by embryonic buoyancy control in three species of marine fish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150542. [PMID: 34582874 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Pelagic fish embryos are thought to float in or near surface waters for the majority of their development and are presumed to have little to no control over their mobility, rendering these embryos at high risk for damages associated with surface stressors such as ultraviolet radiation (UVR). We recently challenged these long-standing paradigms by characterizing a potential mechanism of stressor avoidance in early-life stage mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus) in which embryos sense external cues, such as UVR, and modify their buoyancy to reduce further exposure. It is unknown whether embryos of other marine fish with pelagic spawning strategies have similar capabilities. To fill this knowledge gap, we investigated buoyancy change in response to UVR in three additional species of marine fish that utilize a pelagic spawning strategy: yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares), red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus), and cobia (Rachycentron canadum). Embryos of all three species displayed increased specific gravity and loss of buoyancy after exposures to environmentally relevant doses of UVR, a response that may be ubiquitous to fish with pelagic embryos. To gain further insight into this response, we investigated recovery of buoyancy, oxygen consumption, energy depletion, and photolyase induction in response to UVR exposures in at least one of the three species listed above.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Pasparakis
- University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, FL, USA; University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Yadong Wang
- University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Rachael M Heuer
- University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, FL, USA
| | - John D Stieglitz
- University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Charles J McGuigan
- University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Daniel D Benetti
- University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Vernon P Scholey
- Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission, Achotines Laboratory, Panama
| | | | - Martin Grosell
- University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Takeshita R, Bursian SJ, Colegrove KM, Collier TK, Deak K, Dean KM, De Guise S, DiPinto LM, Elferink CJ, Esbaugh AJ, Griffitt RJ, Grosell M, Harr KE, Incardona JP, Kwok RK, Lipton J, Mitchelmore CL, Morris JM, Peters ES, Roberts AP, Rowles TK, Rusiecki JA, Schwacke LH, Smith CR, Wetzel DL, Ziccardi MH, Hall AJ. A review of the toxicology of oil in vertebrates: what we have learned following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2021; 24:355-394. [PMID: 34542016 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2021.1975182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the wake of the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill, a number of government agencies, academic institutions, consultants, and nonprofit organizations conducted lab- and field-based research to understand the toxic effects of the oil. Lab testing was performed with a variety of fish, birds, turtles, and vertebrate cell lines (as well as invertebrates); field biologists conducted observations on fish, birds, turtles, and marine mammals; and epidemiologists carried out observational studies in humans. Eight years after the spill, scientists and resource managers held a workshop to summarize the similarities and differences in the effects of DWH oil on vertebrate taxa and to identify remaining gaps in our understanding of oil toxicity in wildlife and humans, building upon the cross-taxonomic synthesis initiated during the Natural Resource Damage Assessment. Across the studies, consistency was found in the types of toxic response observed in the different organisms. Impairment of stress responses and adrenal gland function, cardiotoxicity, immune system dysfunction, disruption of blood cells and their function, effects on locomotion, and oxidative damage were observed across taxa. This consistency suggests conservation in the mechanisms of action and disease pathogenesis. From a toxicological perspective, a logical progression of impacts was noted: from molecular and cellular effects that manifest as organ dysfunction, to systemic effects that compromise fitness, growth, reproductive potential, and survival. From a clinical perspective, adverse health effects from DWH oil spill exposure formed a suite of signs/symptomatic responses that at the highest doses/concentrations resulted in multi-organ system failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Takeshita
- Conservation Medicine, National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, California, United States
| | - Steven J Bursian
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States
| | - Kathleen M Colegrove
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Brookfield, Illinois, United States
| | - Tracy K Collier
- Zoological Pathology Program, Huxley College of the Environment, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, United States
| | - Kristina Deak
- College of Marine Sciences, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, Florida, United States
| | | | - Sylvain De Guise
- Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, United States
| | - Lisa M DiPinto
- Office of Response and Restoration, NOAA, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States
| | - Cornelis J Elferink
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | - Andrew J Esbaugh
- Marine Science Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Port Aransas, Texas, United States
| | - Robert J Griffitt
- Division of Coastal Sciences, School of Ocean Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Gulfport, Mississippi, United States
| | - Martin Grosell
- RSMAS, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States
| | | | - John P Incardona
- NOAA Environmental Conservation Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Richard K Kwok
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, North Carolina, United States
| | | | - Carys L Mitchelmore
- University of Maryland Center of Environmental Science, Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, Solomons, Maryland, United States
| | - Jeffrey M Morris
- Health and Environment Division, Abt Associates, Boulder, Colorado, United States
| | - Edward S Peters
- Department of Epidemiology, LSU School of Public Health, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
| | - Aaron P Roberts
- Advanced Environmental Research Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, United States
| | - Teresa K Rowles
- NOAA Office of Protected Resources, National Marine Fisheries Service, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States
| | - Jennifer A Rusiecki
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Lori H Schwacke
- Conservation Medicine, National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, California, United States
| | - Cynthia R Smith
- Conservation Medicine, National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, California, United States
| | - Dana L Wetzel
- Environmental Laboratory of Forensics, Mote Marine Laboratory, Sarasota, Florida, United States
| | - Michael H Ziccardi
- School of Veterinary Medicine, One Health Institute, University of California, Davis, California, United States
| | - Ailsa J Hall
- Sea Mammal Research Unit, Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
DeLorenzo ME, Key PB, Chung KW, Aaby K, Hausman D, Jean C, Pennington PL, Pisarski EC, Wirth EF. Multi-stressor Effects of Ultraviolet Light, Temperature, and Salinity on Louisiana Sweet Crude Oil Toxicity in Larval Estuarine Organisms. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 80:461-473. [PMID: 33528594 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-021-00809-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
When oil is spilled into the environment its toxicity is affected by abiotic conditions. The cumulative and interactive stressors of chemical contaminants and environmental factors are especially relevant in estuaries where tidal fluctuations cause wide variability in salinity, temperature, and ultraviolet (UV) light penetration, which is an important modifying factor for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) toxicity. Characterizing the interactions of multiple stressors on oil toxicity will improve prediction of environmental impacts under various spill scenarios. This study examined changes in crude oil toxicity with temperature, salinity, and UV light. Oil exposures included high-energy, water-accommodated fractions (HEWAFs) and thin oil sheens. Larval (24-48 h post hatch) estuarine species representing different trophic levels and habitats were evaluated. Mean 96 h LC50 values for oil prepared as a HEWAF and tested under standard conditions (20 ppt, 25 °C, No-UV) were 62.5 µg/L tPAH50 (mud snails), 198.5 µg/L (grass shrimp), and 774.5 µg/L (sheepshead minnows). Thin oil sheen 96 h LC50 values were 5.3 µg/L tPAH50 (mud snails), 14.7 µg/L (grass shrimp), and 22.0 µg/L (sheepshead minnows) under standard conditions. UV light significantly increased the toxicity of oil in all species tested. Oil toxicity also was greater under elevated temperature and lower salinity. Multi-stressor (oil combined with either increased temperature, decreased salinity, or both) LC50 values were reduced to 3 µg/L tPAH50 for HEWAFs and < 1.0 µg/L tPAH50 for thin oil sheens. Environmental conditions at the time of an oil spill will significantly influence oil toxicity and organismal response and should be taken into consideration in toxicity testing and oil spill damage assessments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie E DeLorenzo
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, 219 Fort Johnson Rd., Charleston, SC, 29412, USA.
| | - Peter B Key
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, 219 Fort Johnson Rd., Charleston, SC, 29412, USA
| | - Katy W Chung
- CSS, Inc. Under Contract to NOAA, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Kaitlin Aaby
- St. Mary's College of Maryland, St. Mary's City, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Paul L Pennington
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, 219 Fort Johnson Rd., Charleston, SC, 29412, USA
| | - Emily C Pisarski
- CSS, Inc. Under Contract to NOAA, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Edward F Wirth
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, 219 Fort Johnson Rd., Charleston, SC, 29412, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bonatesta F, Leads RR, Price ER, Roberts AP, Mager EM. Effects of Dissolved Organic Carbon, Ultraviolet Light and their Co-Exposure on Deepwater Horizon crude oil acute toxicity to larval red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2020; 39:2509-2515. [PMID: 33006780 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the aquatic environment, ubiquitous natural factors such as ultraviolet light (UV) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) are likely to influence crude oil toxicity. The present study examined the interactive effects of DOC, UV, and DOC-UV co-exposure on the acute toxicity of Deepwater Horizon crude oil in larval red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). Although DOC alone did not influence crude oil toxicity, it mildly reduced UV photo-enhanced toxicity. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:2509-2515. © 2020 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Bonatesta
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Rachel R Leads
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Edwin R Price
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Aaron P Roberts
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Edward M Mager
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nordborg FM, Jones RJ, Oelgemöller M, Negri AP. The effects of ultraviolet radiation and climate on oil toxicity to coral reef organisms - A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 720:137486. [PMID: 32325569 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Oil pollution remains a significant local threat to shallow tropical coral reef environments, but the environmental conditions typical of coral reefs are rarely considered in oil toxicity testing and risk assessments. Here we review the effects of three environmental co-factors on petroleum oil toxicity towards coral reef organisms, and show that the impacts of oil pollution on coral reef taxa can be exacerbated by environmental conditions commonly encountered in tropical reef environments. Shallow reefs are routinely exposed to high levels of ultraviolet radiation (UVR), which can substantially increase the toxicity of some oil components through phototoxicity. Exposure to UVR represents the most likely and harmful environmental co-factor reviewed here, leading to an average toxicity increase of 7.2-fold across all tests reviewed. The clear relevance of UVR co-exposure and its strong influence on tropical reef oil toxicity highlights the need to account for UVR as a standard practice in future oil toxicity studies. Indeed, quantifying the influence of UVR on toxic thresholds of oil to coral reef species is essential to develop credible oil spill risk models required for oil extraction developments, shipping management and spill responses in the tropics. The few studies available indicate that co-exposure to elevated temperature and low pH, both within the range of current daily and seasonal fluctuations and/or projected under continued climate change, can increase oil toxicity on average by 3.0- and 1.3-fold, respectively. While all three of the reviewed environmental co-factors have the potential to substantially increase the impacts of oil pollution in shallow reef environments, their simultaneous effects have not been investigated. Assessments of the combined effects of oil pollution, UVR, temperature and low pH will become increasingly important to identify realistic hazard thresholds suitable for future risk assessments over the coming century.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Mikaela Nordborg
- James Cook University, College of Science & Engineering, Townsville, Queensland 4810, Australia; AIMS@JCU, Division of Research & Innovation, James Cook University and Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville 4810, Queensland, Australia; Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville 4810, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Ross J Jones
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Michael Oelgemöller
- James Cook University, College of Science & Engineering, Townsville, Queensland 4810, Australia
| | - Andrew P Negri
- AIMS@JCU, Division of Research & Innovation, James Cook University and Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville 4810, Queensland, Australia; Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville 4810, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Barron MG, Vivian DN, Heintz RA, Yim UH. Long-Term Ecological Impacts from Oil Spills: Comparison of Exxon Valdez, Hebei Spirit, and Deepwater Horizon. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:6456-6467. [PMID: 32267150 PMCID: PMC7397809 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b05020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The long-term ecological impacts of the Exxon Valdez oil spill (EVOS) are compared to two extensively studied and more recent large spills: Deepwater Horizon (DWH) and the Hebei Spirit oil spill (HSOS). Each of the three spills differed in magnitude and duration of oil released, environmental conditions, ecological communities, response and clean up measures, and ecological recovery. The EVOS began on March 24, 1989, and released 40.8 million liters of Alaska North Slope crude oil into the cold, nearly pristine environment of Prince William Sound, Alaska. EVOS oiled wildlife and rocky intertidal shorelines and exposed early life stages of fish to embryotoxic levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Long-term impacts following EVOS were observed on seabirds, sea otters, killer whales, and subtidal communities. The DWH spill began on April 20, 2010, and released 507 million liters of light Louisiana crude oil from 1600 m on the ocean floor into the Gulf of Mexico over an 87-day period. The DWH spill exposed a diversity of complex aquatic communities in the deep ocean, offshore pelagic areas, and coastal environments to petroleum hydrocarbons. Large-scale persistent ecological effects included impacts to deep ocean corals, failed recruitment of oysters over multiple years, damage to coastal wetlands, and reduced dolphin, sea turtle, and seabird populations. The HSOS began on December 7, 2007, and released approximately 13 million liters of Middle East crude oils into ecologically sensitive areas of the Taean area of western Korea. Environmental conditions and the extensive initial cleanup of HSOS oil stranded on shorelines limited the long-term impacts to changes in composition and abundance of intertidal benthic communities. Comparisons of EVOS, DWH, and HSOS show the importance and complexity of the interactions among the environment, oil spill dynamics, affected ecological systems, and response actions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mace G. Barron
- U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development, Gulf Breeze, FL USA
| | | | | | - Un Hyuk Yim
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Geoje, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Nielsen KM, Alloy MM, Damare L, Palmer I, Forth HP, Morris J, Stoeckel JA, Roberts AP. Planktonic Fiddler Crab ( Uca longisignalis) Are Susceptible to Photoinduced Toxicity Following in ovo Exposure in Oiled Mesocosms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:6254-6261. [PMID: 32310642 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Benthic organisms may be exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in marine sediments as the result of oil spills. PAH photoinduced toxicity, which has been documented in a wide range of early life stage (ELS) aquatic biota, is a phenomenon by which ultraviolet (UV) radiation potentiates the toxicity of photodynamic PAHs (often leading to mortality). Fiddler crabs (Uca longisignalis) are important ecosystem engineers that influence biogeochemical cycles via burrowing. As gravid females burrow, their eggs may bioaccumulate PAHs from contaminated sediments, leading to in ovo exposure. Consequently, free-swimming larvae exposed to intense UV may be at risk for photoinduced toxicity. In the present study, mature fiddler crabs were bred on oiled sediments contaminated via simulated tidal flux. Gravid females were transferred to clean water after 10 days, and larvae were collected at hatch. While in ovo exposures to oil alone did not affect survival, offspring that were subsequently exposed to full spectrum sunlight in clean water experienced significant mortality that corresponded with in ovo exposures to sediments containing ≥1455 μg/kg tPAH50. Results presented here provide evidence for the potential of photoinduced toxicity to occur in benthic organisms with free-swimming early life stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M. Nielsen
- Dept. of Biological Sciences & Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76201, United States
| | - Matthew M Alloy
- Dept. of Biological Sciences & Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76201, United States
| | - Leigh Damare
- Dept. of Biological Sciences & Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76201, United States
| | - Ian Palmer
- Dept. of Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | | | | | - James A Stoeckel
- Dept. of Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Aaron P Roberts
- Dept. of Biological Sciences & Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76201, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mu L, Zhou Q, Zhao Y, Liu X, Hu X. Graphene oxide quantum dots stimulate indigenous bacteria to remove oil contamination. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 366:694-702. [PMID: 30583239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Oil spills occur frequently worldwide, resulting in severe damage to water and to human health. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are the primary toxic components in oil contamination. PAH-degrading microbes have attracted significant attention, but difficulty in their selection and proliferation limits their applications. Graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) improve the proliferation of an indigenous PAH-degrading strain, Bacillus cereus, more effectively than large graphene oxide flakes. Bacillus cereus can metabolize a variety of xenobiotic aromatic compounds as carbon sources and is used in bioremediation. GOQDs contain a variety of aromatic hydrocarbon structures, explaining why the bacteria achieve strong tolerance to PAHs. GOQD-activated cytokinesis increases the secretion of substances important for biofilm formation (extracellular polymeric substances), which further accelerates PAH removal. Proteomic analysis reveals the molecular mechanisms underlying GOQD-induced microbial proliferation. GOQDs induce the overexpression of microbial divisomal proteins associated with division initiation, DNA replication and peptidoglycan hydrolysis/synthesis. Importantly, PAH removal mediated by GOQD-treated Bacillus cereus does not require the addition of GOQDs. The effects of GOQDs on a strain persist for at least 20 generations, suggesting their possible use in low-cost applications. This work proposes a strategy to remove oil contamination using an indigenous bacterial system enhanced by nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Mu
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-Product Quality Safety (Ministry of Agriculture), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Safe-Product, Institute of Agro-Environmental Protection, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Qixing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yujie Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-Product Quality Safety (Ministry of Agriculture), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Safe-Product, Institute of Agro-Environmental Protection, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-Product Quality Safety (Ministry of Agriculture), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Safe-Product, Institute of Agro-Environmental Protection, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China.
| | - Xiangang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pasparakis C, Wang Y, Stieglitz JD, Benetti DD, Grosell M. Embryonic buoyancy control as a mechanism of ultraviolet radiation avoidance. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 651:3070-3078. [PMID: 30463157 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Pelagic fish have long been presumed to produce buoyant embryos which float and hatch at or near surface waters. Due to their transparency and rapid development, mahi embryos are thought to be especially vulnerable to stressors occurring in surface waters, such as ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and increased temperatures. In the present study, we suggest a possibly critical mechanism of UVR avoidance by pelagic fish embryos. Specifically, we provide evidence that mahi embryos are able to sense UVR and may alter buoyancy as a means of reducing exposure to the most harmful stressors occurring in the upper layers of the water column. Further, once the UVR exposure was terminated, embryos displayed fast recovery of positive buoyancy indicating this response is rapidly dynamic and not pathological. The mechanism behind buoyancy control is not known, but evidence from the current study suggests that ammonia sequestration, as seen in multiple other fish species, is not the primary control mechanism employed by embryonic mahi. Finally, expression of antioxidant and UV repair enzymes were investigated to elucidate possible involvement in observed buoyancy changes and to explore alternative methods of repairing UVR damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Pasparakis
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Yadong Wang
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, FL, USA
| | - John D Stieglitz
- Department of Marine Ecosystems and Society, University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Daniel D Benetti
- Department of Marine Ecosystems and Society, University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Martin Grosell
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bridges KN, Krasnec MO, Magnuson JT, Morris JM, Gielazyn ML, Chavez JR, Roberts AP. Influence of variable ultraviolet radiation and oil exposure duration on survival of red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) larvae. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2018; 37:2372-2379. [PMID: 29856086 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) increases with ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The intensity of UV radiation varies within aquatic ecosystems, potentially providing reprieves during which tissue repair may occur. Transient/short-term PAH exposure prior to UV exposure may initiate metabolism/clearance, potentially affecting outcomes. Larval Sciaenops ocellatus were exposed to oil and UV radiation, using either variable photoperiods or pre-UV oil exposure durations. Shorter PAH exposures exhibited greater toxicity, as did exposure to shorter photoperiods. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:2372-2379. © 2018 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin N Bridges
- Department of Biological Sciences & Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | | | - Jason T Magnuson
- Department of Biological Sciences & Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | | | - Michel L Gielazyn
- National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration, Assessment & Restoration Division, St. Petersburg, Florida, USA
| | - J Ruben Chavez
- Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, Coastal Fisheries Division, Corpus Christi, Texas, USA
| | - Aaron P Roberts
- Department of Biological Sciences & Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|