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Fan D, Yang Y, Zhang W. A novel circ_MACF1/miR-942-5p/TGFBR2 axis regulates the functional behaviors and drug sensitivity in gefitinib-resistant non-small cell lung cancer cells. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:27. [PMID: 34996416 PMCID: PMC8742390 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01731-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance to gefitinib remains a major obstacle for the successful treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. In this paper, we studied the precise actions of circular RNA (circRNA) microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1 (circ_MACF1) in gefitinib resistance. METHODS We established gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cells (PC9/GR and A549/GR). The levels of circ_MACF1, microRNA (miR)-942-5p, and transforming growth factor beta receptor 2 (TGFBR2) were gauged by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) or western blot. Subcellular fractionation and Ribonuclease R (RNase R) assays were done to characterize circ_MACF1. Cell survival, proliferation, colony formation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), 5-Ethynyl-2'-Deoxyuridine (EdU), colony formation, flow cytometry, and transwell assays, respectively. Dual-luciferase reporter assays were used to verify the direct relationship between miR-942-5p and circ_MACF1 or TGFBR2. The xenograft assays were used to assess the role of circ_MACF1 in vivo. RESULTS Circ_MACF1 was down-regulated in A549/GR and PC9/GR cells. Overexpression of circ_MACF1 repressed proliferation, migration, invasion, and promoted apoptosis and gefitinib sensitivity of A549/GR and PC9/GR cells in vitro, as well as inhibited tumor growth under gefitinib in vivo. Circ_MACF1 directly targeted miR-942-5p, and miR-942-5p mediated the regulatory effects of circ_MACF1. TGFBR2 was identified as a direct and functional target of miR-942-5p. Circ_MACF1 modulated TGFBR2 expression through miR-942-5p. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated that circ_MACF1 regulated cell functional behaviors and gefitinib sensitivity of A549/GR and PC9/GR cells at least partially by targeting miR-942-5p to induce TGFBR2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daping Fan
- Department of Respiratory Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23, Post Street, Nangang District, Harbin City, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Respiratory Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23, Post Street, Nangang District, Harbin City, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23, Post Street, Nangang District, Harbin City, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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Ding H, Fang M, Gong Y, Li D, Zhang C, Wen G, Wu C, Yang J, Yang Y. Smad3 gene C-terminal phosphorylation site mutation aggravates CCl 4 -induced inflammation in mice. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:7044-7054. [PMID: 32406200 PMCID: PMC7299733 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of C‐terminal phosphorylated Smad3 (pSmad3C) is down‐regulated with the progression of liver disease. Thus, we hypothesized that pSmad3C expression may be negatively related to liver disease. To develop novel therapeutic strategies, a suitable animal model is required that will allow researchers to study the effect of Smad3 domain‐specific phosphorylation on liver disease progression. The current study aimed to construct a new mouse model with the Smad3 C‐terminal phosphorylation site mutation and to explore the effects of this mutation on CCl4‐induced inflammation. Smad3 C‐terminal phosphorylation site mutant mice were generated using TetraOne™ gene fixed‐point knock‐in technology and embryonic stem cell microinjection. Resulting mice were identified by genotyping, and the effects on inflammation were explored in the presence or absence of CCl4. No homozygous mice were born, indicating that the mutation is embryonic lethal. There was no significant difference in liver phenotype and growth between the wild‐type (WT) and heterozygous (HT) mice in the absence of reagent stimulation. After CCl4‐induced acute and chronic liver damage, liver pathology, serum transaminase (ALT/AST) expression and levels of inflammatory factors (IL‐6/TNF‐α) were more severely altered in HT mice than in WT mice. Furthermore, pSmad3C protein levels were lower in liver tissue from HT mice. These results suggest that Smad3 C‐terminal phosphorylation may have a protective effect during the early stages of liver injury. In summary, we have generated a new animal model that will be a novel tool for future research on the effects of Smad3 domain‐specific phosphorylation on liver disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyan Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Meng Fang
- Department of Anatomy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yongfang Gong
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guanghua Wen
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Vastrad C, Vastrad B. Investigation into the underlying molecular mechanisms of non-small cell lung cancer using bioinformatics analysis. GENE REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2019.100394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Johnson MD. Transforming Growth Factor Beta Family in the Pathogenesis of Meningiomas. World Neurosurg 2017; 104:113-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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5
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miR-194 suppresses metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer through regulating expression of BMP1 and p27kip1. Oncogene 2013; 33:1506-14. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Analysis of transforming growth factor β receptor expression and signaling in higher grade meningiomas. J Neurooncol 2010; 103:277-85. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-010-0399-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2010] [Accepted: 08/31/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Røe OD, Anderssen E, Helge E, Pettersen CH, Olsen KS, Sandeck H, Haaverstad R, Lundgren S, Larsson E. Genome-wide profile of pleural mesothelioma versus parietal and visceral pleura: the emerging gene portrait of the mesothelioma phenotype. PLoS One 2009; 4:e6554. [PMID: 19662092 PMCID: PMC2717215 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2009] [Accepted: 07/01/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant pleural mesothelioma is considered an almost incurable tumour with increasing incidence worldwide. It usually develops in the parietal pleura, from mesothelial lining or submesothelial cells, subsequently invading the visceral pleura. Chromosomal and genomic aberrations of mesothelioma are diverse and heterogenous. Genome-wide profiling of mesothelioma versus parietal and visceral normal pleural tissue could thus reveal novel genes and pathways explaining its aggressive phenotype. METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Well-characterised tissue from five mesothelioma patients and normal parietal and visceral pleural samples from six non-cancer patients were profiled by Affymetrix oligoarray of 38 500 genes. The lists of differentially expressed genes tested for overrepresentation in KEGG PATHWAYS (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) and GO (gene ontology) terms revealed large differences of expression between visceral and parietal pleura, and both tissues differed from mesothelioma. Cell growth and intrinsic resistance in tumour versus parietal pleura was reflected in highly overexpressed cell cycle, mitosis, replication, DNA repair and anti-apoptosis genes. Several genes of the "salvage pathway" that recycle nucleobases were overexpressed, among them TYMS, encoding thymidylate synthase, the main target of the antifolate drug pemetrexed that is active in mesothelioma. Circadian rhythm genes were expressed in favour of tumour growth. The local invasive, non-metastatic phenotype of mesothelioma, could partly be due to overexpression of the known metastasis suppressors NME1 and NME2. Down-regulation of several tumour suppressor genes could contribute to mesothelioma progression. Genes involved in cell communication were down-regulated, indicating that mesothelioma may shield itself from the immune system. Similarly, in non-cancer parietal versus visceral pleura signal transduction, soluble transporter and adhesion genes were down-regulated. This could represent a genetical platform of the parietal pleura propensity to develop mesothelioma. CONCLUSIONS Genome-wide microarray approach using complex human tissue samples revealed novel expression patterns, reflecting some important features of mesothelioma biology that should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluf Dimitri Røe
- Department of Oncology, St Olavs Hospital, University Hospital of Trondheim, Trondheim, Norway.
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Gordon KJ, Blobe GC. Role of transforming growth factor-beta superfamily signaling pathways in human disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2008; 1782:197-228. [PMID: 18313409 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2008.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 485] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2007] [Revised: 01/22/2008] [Accepted: 01/23/2008] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) superfamily signaling pathways are ubiquitous and essential regulators of cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, migration, and survival, as well as physiological processes, including embryonic development, angiogenesis, and wound healing. Alterations in these pathways, including either germ-line or somatic mutations or alterations in the expression of members of these signaling pathways often result in human disease. Appropriate regulation of these pathways is required at all levels, particularly at the ligand level, with either a deficiency or an excess of specific TGF-beta superfamily ligands resulting in human disease. TGF-beta superfamily ligands and members of these TGF-beta superfamily signaling pathways also have emerging roles as diagnostic, prognostic or predictive markers for human disease. Ongoing studies will enable targeting of TGF-beta superfamily signaling pathways for the chemoprevention and treatment of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly J Gordon
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Abstract
Signaling of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) is mediated through a heteromeric complex of two types of transmembrane receptors and downstream intracellular proteins known as Smads. Alterations of TGF-beta signaling underlie various forms of human cancer and developmental diseases. Human genetic studies have revealed both point mutations and deletions of Smad2 or Smad4 in several types of cancers. However, the role of Smad3 in tumorigenesis is not clear. Recent data indicate that Smad3 also functions as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis. In addition, Smad3 is essential for TGF-beta-mediated immune suppression, and it plays an important role in regulating transcriptional responses that are favorable to metastasis. Therefore, through regulating different transcriptional responses, Smad3 functions as both a negative and positive regulator of carcinogenesis depending on cell type and clinical stage of the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ying E. Zhang
- Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed; Tel.: 301−496−6454; Fax: 301−496−8479;
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Wang YL, Zhang RM, Luo ZW, Wu Y, Du X, Wang ZY, Zhu YX, Li DS, Ji QH. High frequency of level II-V lymph node involvement in RET/PTC positive papillary thyroid carcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol 2007; 34:77-81. [PMID: 17954023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2007.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2007] [Accepted: 08/28/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the frequency and clinical significance of RET rearrangement in Chinese patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and discuss the role of RET rearrangement in therapeutic decision-making after the performance of level VI lymph node dissection and the 2002 AJCC staging system. METHODS RET/PTC-1 and RET/PTC-3 were detected in 126 PTCs using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and direct sequencing. RESULTS RET rearrangement was detected in 18 cases of PTC. The patient group aged < 20 years had the highest frequency (3/6) of RET rearrangement among the age groups (< 20 years, 20-40 years and > or = 40 years; P=0.03). RET/PTC-1 positive patients were more likely to suffer from Hashimoto's thyroiditis simultaneously (P=0.02) while RET/PTC-3 positive patients had a higher frequency of extrathyroidal extension (P<0.01) and advanced T classification (P<0.01). RET rearrangement (OR=8.70, 95% CI 1.69-44.81), male (OR=3.88, 95% CI 1.41-10.69), age (OR=0.96, 95% CI 0.93-0.99), multifocality (OR=3.54, 95% CI 1.33-9.41) and advanced T classification (OR=7.32, 95% CI 2.91-18.40) were all identified as risk factors of level II-V lymph node involvement in the multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of RET rearrangement in Chinese patients is low and age related. RET/PTC-1 and RET/PTC-3 are associated with different clinical pathological characteristics but not with lymph node involvement. The RET/PTC positive patients should receive more attention to lateral neck in the management of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Wang
- Department of Head & Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Xu JB, Bao Y, Liu X, Liu Y, Huang S, Wang JC. Defective expression of transforming growth factor beta type II receptor (TGFBR2) in the large cell variant of non-small cell lung carcinoma. Lung Cancer 2007; 58:36-43. [PMID: 17566598 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2007.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2006] [Revised: 02/24/2007] [Accepted: 04/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Large cell carcinoma (LCC) of the lung is defined as an undifferentiated carcinoma without the characteristic features of squamous cell (SqC), small cell, or adenocarcinomas (AdC). In the present study, the expression level of the important tumor suppressor, transforming growth factor beta type II receptor (TGFBR2), was examined both in LCC and non-LCC tumors, which include AdC, SqC and adenosquamous carcinoma (Ad-SqC). Immunohistochemical staining with TGFBR2 antibody revealed statistically significant or near significant differences in the reduced expression in LCC (80% of cases) versus AdC (42.1% of cases, P=0.0288) and SqC (47.1% of cases, P=0.0589), or LCC versus non-LCC (45% of cases, P=0.02). The differences in the expression level of TGFBR2 between LCC and non-LCC were consistent with the histopathologic classification of these tumors, suggesting that the defective TGFBR2 expression might contribute to the carcinogenesis and/or development of LCC.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar/metabolism
- Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar/pathology
- Adult
- Aged
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Carcinoma, Adenosquamous/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Adenosquamous/pathology
- Carcinoma, Large Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Large Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Large Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genes, Tumor Suppressor
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Mutation
- Neoplasm Staging
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/biosynthesis
- Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/biosynthesis
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Bin Xu
- Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, PR China
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