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Santoro B, Srinivas KV, Reyes I, Tian C, Masurkar AV. Cell type-specific impact of aging and Alzheimer disease on hippocampal CA1 perforant path input. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.27.609952. [PMID: 39253428 PMCID: PMC11383042 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.27.609952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
The perforant path (PP) carries direct inputs from entorhinal cortex to CA1 pyramidal neurons (PNs), with an impact dependent on PN position across transverse (CA1a-CA1c) and radial (superficial/deep) axes. It remains unclear how aging and Alzheimer disease (AD) affect PP input, despite its critical role in memory and early AD. Applying ex vivo recordings and two-photon microscopy in slices from mice up to 30 months old, we interrogated PP responses across PN subpopulations and compared them to Schaffer collateral and intrinsic excitability changes. We found that aging uniquely impacts PP excitatory responses, abolishing transverse and radial differences via a mechanism independent of presynaptic and membrane excitability change. This is amplified in aged 3xTg-AD mice, with further weakening of PP inputs to CA1a superficial PNs associated with distal dendritic spine loss. This demonstrates a unique feature of aging-related circuit dysfunction, with mechanistic implications related to memory impairment and synaptic vulnerability.
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2
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Slutsky I. Linking activity dyshomeostasis and sleep disturbances in Alzheimer disease. Nat Rev Neurosci 2024; 25:272-284. [PMID: 38374463 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00797-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The presymptomatic phase of Alzheimer disease (AD) starts with the deposition of amyloid-β in the cortex and begins a decade or more before the emergence of cognitive decline. The trajectory towards dementia and neurodegeneration is shaped by the pathological load and the resilience of neural circuits to the effects of this pathology. In this Perspective, I focus on recent advances that have uncovered the vulnerability of neural circuits at early stages of AD to hyperexcitability, particularly when the brain is in a low-arousal states (such as sleep and anaesthesia). Notably, this hyperexcitability manifests before overt symptoms such as sleep and memory deficits. Using the principles of control theory, I analyse the bidirectional relationship between homeostasis of neuronal activity and sleep and propose that impaired activity homeostasis during sleep leads to hyperexcitability and subsequent sleep disturbances, whereas sleep disturbances mitigate hyperexcitability via negative feedback. Understanding the interplay among activity homeostasis, neuronal excitability and sleep is crucial for elucidating the mechanisms of vulnerability to and resilience against AD pathology and for identifying new therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna Slutsky
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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3
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Almeida VN. Somatostatin and the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 96:102270. [PMID: 38484981 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Among the central features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression are altered levels of the neuropeptide somatostatin (SST), and the colocalisation of SST-positive interneurons (SST-INs) with amyloid-β plaques, leading to cell death. In this theoretical review, I propose a molecular model for the pathogenesis of AD based on SST-IN hypofunction and hyperactivity. Namely, hypofunctional and hyperactive SST-INs struggle to control hyperactivity in medial regions in early stages, leading to axonal Aβ production through excessive presynaptic GABAB inhibition, GABAB1a/APP complex downregulation and internalisation. Concomitantly, excessive SST-14 release accumulates near SST-INs in the form of amyloids, which bind to Aβ to form toxic mixed oligomers. This leads to differential SST-IN death through excitotoxicity, further disinhibition, SST deficits, and increased Aβ release, fibrillation and plaque formation. Aβ plaques, hyperactive networks and SST-IN distributions thereby tightly overlap in the brain. Conversely, chronic stimulation of postsynaptic SST2/4 on gulutamatergic neurons by hyperactive SST-INs promotes intense Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) p38 activity, leading to somatodendritic p-tau staining and apoptosis/neurodegeneration - in agreement with a near complete overlap between p38 and neurofibrillary tangles. This model is suitable to explain some of the principal risk factors and markers of AD progression, including mitochondrial dysfunction, APOE4 genotype, sex-dependent vulnerability, overactive glial cells, dystrophic neurites, synaptic/spine losses, inter alia. Finally, the model can also shed light on qualitative aspects of AD neuropsychology, especially within the domains of spatial and declarative (episodic, semantic) memory, under an overlying pattern of contextual indiscrimination, ensemble instability, interference and generalisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor N Almeida
- Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo (USP), Brazil; Faculty of Languages, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil.
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4
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Inayat S, McAllister BB, Chang H, Lacoursiere SG, Whishaw IQ, Sutherland RJ, Mohajerani MH. Weak-hyperactive hippocampal CA1 neurons in the prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease in hybrid App NL-G-F/NL-G-F × Thy1-GCaMP6s +/- mice suggest disrupted plasticity. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 130:154-171. [PMID: 37531809 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of familial Alzheimer's disease (AD)-linked amyloid precursor protein (App) mutations on hippocampal CA1 neuronal activity and function at an early disease stage in AppNL-G-F/NL-G-F × Thy1-GCaMP6s+/- (A-TG) mice using calcium imaging. Longitudinal assessment of spatial behavior at 12 and 18 months of age identified an early disease stage at 12 months when there was significant amyloid beta pathology with mild behavioral deficits. Hippocampal CA1 neuronal activity and event-related encoding of distance and time were therefore assessed at 12 months of age in several configurations of an air-induced running task to assess the dynamics of cellular activity. Neurons in A-TG mice displayed diminished (weaker) and more frequent (hyperactive) neuronal firing that was more pronounced during movement compared to immobility. Responsive neurons showed configuration-specific deficits in distance and time encoding with impairment in adapting their responses to changing configurations. These results suggest that at an early stage of AD in the absence of full-blown behavioral deficits, weak-hyperactive neuronal activity may induce impairments in sensory perception of changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samsoon Inayat
- Department of Neuroscience, Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Brendan B McAllister
- Department of Neuroscience, Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - HaoRan Chang
- Department of Neuroscience, Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sean G Lacoursiere
- Department of Neuroscience, Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ian Q Whishaw
- Department of Neuroscience, Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Robert J Sutherland
- Department of Neuroscience, Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Majid H Mohajerani
- Department of Neuroscience, Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada.
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5
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Hernández-Frausto M, Bilash OM, Masurkar AV, Basu J. Local and long-range GABAergic circuits in hippocampal area CA1 and their link to Alzheimer's disease. Front Neural Circuits 2023; 17:1223891. [PMID: 37841892 PMCID: PMC10570439 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2023.1223891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
GABAergic inhibitory neurons are the principal source of inhibition in the brain. Traditionally, their role in maintaining the balance of excitation-inhibition has been emphasized. Beyond homeostatic functions, recent circuit mapping and functional manipulation studies have revealed a wide range of specific roles that GABAergic circuits play in dynamically tilting excitation-inhibition coupling across spatio-temporal scales. These span from gating of compartment- and input-specific signaling, gain modulation, shaping input-output functions and synaptic plasticity, to generating signal-to-noise contrast, defining temporal windows for integration and rate codes, as well as organizing neural assemblies, and coordinating inter-regional synchrony. GABAergic circuits are thus instrumental in controlling single-neuron computations and behaviorally-linked network activity. The activity dependent modulation of sensory and mnemonic information processing by GABAergic circuits is pivotal for the formation and maintenance of episodic memories in the hippocampus. Here, we present an overview of the local and long-range GABAergic circuits that modulate the dynamics of excitation-inhibition and disinhibition in the main output area of the hippocampus CA1, which is crucial for episodic memory. Specifically, we link recent findings pertaining to GABAergic neuron molecular markers, electrophysiological properties, and synaptic wiring with their function at the circuit level. Lastly, given that area CA1 is particularly impaired during early stages of Alzheimer's disease, we emphasize how these GABAergic circuits may contribute to and be involved in the pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Hernández-Frausto
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Olesia M. Bilash
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Arjun V. Masurkar
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jayeeta Basu
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, United States
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6
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Soula M, Maslarova A, Harvey RE, Valero M, Brandner S, Hamer H, Fernández‐Ruiz A, Buzsáki G. Interictal epileptiform discharges affect memory in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2302676120. [PMID: 37590406 PMCID: PMC10450667 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2302676120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) are transient abnormal electrophysiological events commonly observed in epilepsy patients but are also present in other neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Understanding the role IEDs have on the hippocampal circuit is important for our understanding of the cognitive deficits seen in epilepsy and AD. We characterize and compare the IEDs of human epilepsy patients from microwire hippocampal recording with those of AD transgenic mice with implanted multilayer hippocampal silicon probes. Both the local field potential features and firing patterns of pyramidal cells and interneurons were similar in the mouse and human. We found that as IEDs emerged from the CA3-1 circuits, they recruited pyramidal cells and silenced interneurons, followed by post-IED suppression. IEDs suppressed the incidence and altered the properties of physiological sharp-wave ripples, altered their physiological properties, and interfered with the replay of place field sequences in a maze. In addition, IEDs in AD mice inversely correlated with daily memory performance. Together, our work implies that IEDs may present a common and epilepsy-independent phenomenon in neurodegenerative diseases that perturbs hippocampal-cortical communication and interferes with memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisol Soula
- Neuroscience Institute, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY10016
| | - Anna Maslarova
- Neuroscience Institute, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY10016
- Department of Neurosurgery, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ryan E. Harvey
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY14853
| | - Manuel Valero
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona08003, Spain
| | - Sebastian Brandner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hajo Hamer
- Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - György Buzsáki
- Neuroscience Institute, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY10016
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY10016
- Department of Neurology, Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY10016
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7
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Soula M, Maslarova A, Harvey RE, Valero M, Brandner S, Hamer H, Fernández-Ruiz A, Buzsáki G. Interictal epileptiform discharges affect memory in an Alzheimer's Disease mouse model. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.15.528683. [PMID: 36824810 PMCID: PMC9949089 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.15.528683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) are transient abnormal electrophysiological events commonly observed in epilepsy patients but are also present in other neurological disease, such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Understanding the role IEDs have on the hippocampal circuit is important for our understanding of the cognitive deficits seen in epilepsy and AD. We characterize and compare the IEDs of human epilepsy patients from microwire hippocampal recording with those of AD transgenic mice with implanted multi-layer hippocampal silicon probes. Both the local field potential features and firing patterns of pyramidal cells and interneurons were similar in mouse and human. We found that as IEDs emerged from the CA3-1 circuits, they recruited pyramidal cells and silenced interneurons, followed by post-IED suppression. IEDs suppressed the incidence and altered the properties of physiological sharp-wave ripples (SPW-Rs), altered their physiological properties, and interfered with the replay of place field sequences in a maze. In addition, IEDs in AD mice inversely correlated with daily memory performance. Together, our work implicates that IEDs may present a common and epilepsy-independent phenomenon in neurodegenerative diseases that perturbs hippocampal-cortical communication and interferes with memory. Significant Statement Prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases and the number of people with dementia is increasing steadily. Therefore, novel treatment strategies for learning and memory disorders are urgently necessary. IEDs, apart from being a surrogate for epileptic brain regions, have also been linked to cognitive decline. Here we report that IEDs in human epilepsy patients and AD mouse models have similar local field potential characteristics and associated firing patterns of pyramidal cells and interneurons. Mice with more IEDs displayed fewer hippocampal SPW-Rs, poorer replay of spatial trajectories, and decreased memory performance. IED suppression is an unexplored target to treat cognitive dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases.
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8
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Silva A, Martínez MC. Spatial memory deficits in Alzheimer's disease and their connection to cognitive maps' formation by place cells and grid cells. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 16:1082158. [PMID: 36710956 PMCID: PMC9878455 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.1082158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Whenever we navigate through different contexts, we build a cognitive map: an internal representation of the territory. Spatial navigation is a complex skill that involves multiple types of information processing and integration. Place cells and grid cells, collectively with other hippocampal and medial entorhinal cortex neurons (MEC), form a neural network whose activity is critical for the representation of self-position and orientation along with spatial memory retrieval. Furthermore, this activity generates new representations adapting to changes in the environment. Though there is a normal decline in spatial memory related to aging, this is dramatically increased in pathological conditions such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD is a multi-factorial neurodegenerative disorder affecting mainly the hippocampus-entorhinal cortex (HP-EC) circuit. Consequently, the initial stages of the disease have disorientation and wandering behavior as two of its hallmarks. Recent electrophysiological studies have linked spatial memory deficits to difficulties in spatial information encoding. Here we will discuss map impairment and remapping disruption in the HP-EC network, as a possible circuit mechanism involved in the spatial memory and navigation deficits observed in AD, pointing out the benefits of virtual reality as a tool for early diagnosis and rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azul Silva
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica “Dr. Bernardo Houssay”- CONICET (IFIBIO), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Cecilia Martínez
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica “Dr. Bernardo Houssay”- CONICET (IFIBIO), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina,Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Celular “Dr. Héctor Maldonado”, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina,*Correspondence: María Cecilia Martínez,
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9
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Zhang H, Chen L, Johnston KG, Crapser J, Green KN, Ha NML, Tenner AJ, Holmes TC, Nitz DA, Xu X. Degenerate mapping of environmental location presages deficits in object-location encoding and memory in the 5xFAD mouse model for Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 176:105939. [PMID: 36462718 PMCID: PMC10187684 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A key challenge in developing diagnosis and treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) is to detect abnormal network activity at as early a stage as possible. To date, behavioral and neurophysiological investigations in AD model mice have yet to conduct a longitudinal assessment of cellular pathology, memory deficits, and neurophysiological correlates of neuronal activity. We therefore examined the temporal relationships between pathology, neuronal activities and spatial representation of environments, as well as object location memory deficits across multiple stages of development in the 5xFAD mice model and compared these results to those observed in wild-type mice. We performed longitudinal in vivo calcium imaging with miniscope on hippocampal CA1 neurons in behaving mice. We find that 5xFAD mice show amyloid plaque accumulation, depressed neuronal calcium activity during immobile states, and degenerate and unreliable hippocampal neuron spatial tuning to environmental location at early stages by 4 months of age while their object location memory (OLM) is comparable to WT mice. By 8 months of age, 5xFAD mice show deficits of OLM, which are accompanied by progressive degradation of spatial encoding and, eventually, impaired CA1 neural tuning to object-location pairings. Furthermore, depressed neuronal activity and unreliable spatial encoding at early stage are correlated with impaired performance in OLM at 8-month-old. Our results indicate the close connection between impaired hippocampal tuning to object-location and the presence of OLM deficits. The results also highlight that depressed baseline firing rates in hippocampal neurons during immobile states and unreliable spatial representation precede object memory deficits and predict memory deficits at older age, suggesting potential early opportunities for AD detecting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Lujia Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Kevin G Johnston
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Joshua Crapser
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Kim N Green
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America; Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Nicole My-Linh Ha
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Andrea J Tenner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Todd C Holmes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America; Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Douglas A Nitz
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America; Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America.
| | - Xiangmin Xu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America; Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America.
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10
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Cheron G, Ristori D, Marquez-Ruiz J, Cebolla AM, Ris L. Electrophysiological alterations of the Purkinje cells and deep cerebellar neurons in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease (electrophysiology on cerebellum of AD mice). Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:5547-5563. [PMID: 35141975 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is histopathologically well defined by the presence of amyloid deposits and tau-related neurofibrillary tangles in crucial regions of the brain. Interest is growing in revealing and determining possible pathological markers also in the cerebellum as its involvement in cognitive functions is now well supported. Despite the central position of the Purkinje cell in the cerebellum, its electrophysiological behaviour in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease is scarce in the literature. Our first aim was here to focus on the electrophysiological behaviour of the cerebellum in awake mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (APPswe/PSEN1dE9) and the related performance on the water-maze test classically used in behavioural studies. We found prevalent signs of electrophysiological alterations in both Purkinje cells and deep cerebellar nuclei neurons which might explain the behavioural deficits reported during the water-maze test. The alterations of neurons firing were accompanied by a dual (~16 and ~228 Hz) local field potential's oscillation in the Purkinje cell layer of Alzheimer's disease mice which was concomitant to an important increase of both the simple and the complex spikes. In addition, β-amyloid deposits were present in the molecular layer of the cerebellum. These results highlight the importance of the output firing modification of the AD cerebellum that may indirectly impact the activity of its subcortical and cortical targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Cheron
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,ULB Neuroscience Institut, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratory of Neuroscience, Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Dominique Ristori
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Javier Marquez-Ruiz
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
| | - Anna-Maria Cebolla
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Ris
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium.,UMONS Research Institut for health and technology, Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium
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11
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Ying J, Keinath AT, Lavoie R, Vigneault E, El Mestikawy S, Brandon MP. Disruption of the grid cell network in a mouse model of early Alzheimer's disease. Nat Commun 2022; 13:886. [PMID: 35173173 PMCID: PMC8850598 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28551-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Early-onset familial Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is marked by an aggressive buildup of amyloid beta (Aβ) proteins, yet the neural circuit operations impacted during the initial stages of Aβ pathogenesis remain elusive. Here, we report a coding impairment of the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) grid cell network in the J20 transgenic mouse model of familial AD that over-expresses Aβ throughout the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex. Grid cells showed reduced spatial periodicity, spatial stability, and synchrony with interneurons and head-direction cells. In contrast, the spatial coding of non-grid cells within the MEC, and place cells within the hippocampus, remained intact. Grid cell deficits emerged at the earliest incidence of Aβ fibril deposition and coincided with impaired spatial memory performance in a path integration task. These results demonstrate that widespread Aβ-mediated damage to the entorhinal-hippocampal circuit results in an early impairment of the entorhinal grid cell network. It remains poorly understood how the onset of Alzheimer’s disease affects spatial cognition. Here, the authors report that spatial coding in grid cells deteriorates over time in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease during the early stages of pathology while place cell and head direction coding remain intact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnson Ying
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandra T Keinath
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Raphael Lavoie
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Erika Vigneault
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Salah El Mestikawy
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mark P Brandon
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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12
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Broussard JI, Redell JB, Maynard ME, Zhao J, Moore A, Mills RW, Hood KN, Underwood E, Roysam B, Dash PK. Impaired Experience-Dependent Refinement of Place Cells in a Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 86:1907-1916. [PMID: 35253742 PMCID: PMC9850819 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hippocampal place cells play an integral role in generating spatial maps. Impaired spatial memory is a characteristic pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), yet it remains unclear how AD influences the properties of hippocampal place cells. OBJECTIVE To record electrophysiological activity in hippocampal CA1 neurons in freely-moving 18-month-old male TgF344-AD and age-matched wild-type (WT) littermates to examine place cell properties. METHODS We implanted 32-channel electrode arrays into the CA1 subfield of 18-month-old male WT and TgF344-AD (n = 6/group) rats. Ten days after implantation, single unit activity in an open field arena was recorded across days. The spatial information content, in-field firing rate, and stability of each place cell was compared across groups. Pathology was assessed by immunohistochemical staining, and a deep neural network approach was used to count cell profiles. RESULTS Aged TgF344-AD rats exhibited hippocampal amyloid-β deposition, and a significant increase in Iba1 immunoreactivity and microglia cell counts. Place cells from WT and TgF344-AD rat showed equivalent spatial information, in-field firing rates, and place field stability when initially exposed to the arena. However, by day 3, the place cells in aged WT rats showed characteristic spatial tuning as evidenced by higher spatial information content, stability, and in-field firing rates, an effect not seen in TgF344-AD rats. CONCLUSION These findings support the notion that altered electrophysiological properties of place cells may contribute to the learning and memory deficits observed in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- John I. Broussard
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas 77030,To whom correspondence should be addressed: JI Broussard, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, 6431 Fannin, St., Suite 7.011, Houston, TX 77030, Phone: (713) 500-5545,
| | - John B. Redell
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Mark E. Maynard
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Anthony Moore
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Rachel W. Mills
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Kimberly N. Hood
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Erica Underwood
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Badrinath Roysam
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Pramod K. Dash
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas 77030
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13
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Segen V, Ying J, Morgan E, Brandon M, Wolbers T. Path integration in normal aging and Alzheimer's disease. Trends Cogn Sci 2021; 26:142-158. [PMID: 34872838 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this review we discuss converging evidence from human and rodent research demonstrating how path integration (PI) is impaired in healthy aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD), and point to the neural mechanisms that underlie these deficits. Importantly, we highlight that (i) the grid cell network in the entorhinal cortex is crucial for PI in both humans and rodents, (ii) PI deficits are present in healthy aging and are significantly more pronounced in patients with early-stage AD, (iii) compromised entorhinal grid cell computations in healthy older adults and in young adults at risk of AD are linked to PI deficits, and (iv) PI and grid cell deficits may serve as sensitive markers for pathological decline in early AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislava Segen
- Aging and Cognition Research Group, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg 39120, Germany.
| | - Johnson Ying
- Douglas Hospital Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Erik Morgan
- Douglas Hospital Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mark Brandon
- Douglas Hospital Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas Wolbers
- Aging and Cognition Research Group, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg 39120, Germany.
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14
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Stimmell AC, Xu Z, Moseley SC, Benthem SD, Fernandez DM, Dang JV, Santos-Molina LF, Anzalone RA, Garcia-Barbon CL, Rodriguez S, Dixon JR, Wu W, Wilber AA. Tau Pathology Profile Across a Parietal-Hippocampal Brain Network Is Associated With Spatial Reorientation Learning and Memory Performance in the 3xTg-AD Mouse. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2021; 2. [PMID: 34746919 PMCID: PMC8570590 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2021.655015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In early Alzheimer's disease (AD) spatial navigation is one of the first impairments to emerge; however, the precise cause of this impairment is unclear. Previously, we showed that, in a mouse model of tau and amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregation, getting lost represents, at least in part, a failure to use distal cues to get oriented in space and that impaired parietal-hippocampal network level plasticity during sleep may underlie this spatial disorientation. However, the relationship between tau and amyloid beta aggregation in this brain network and impaired spatial orientation has not been assessed. Therefore, we used several approaches, including canonical correlation analysis and independent components analysis tools, to examine the relationship between pathology profile across the parietal-hippocampal brain network and spatial reorientation learning and memory performance. We found that consistent with the exclusive impairment in 3xTg-AD 6-month female mice, only 6-month female mice had an ICA identified pattern of tau pathology across the parietal-hippocampal network that were positively correlated with behavior. Specifically, a higher density of pTau positive cells predicted worse spatial learning and memory. Surprisingly, despite a lack of impairment relative to controls, 3-month female, as well as 6- and 12- month male mice all had patterns of tau pathology across the parietal-hippocampal brain network that are predictive of spatial learning and memory performance. However, the direction of the effect was opposite, a negative correlation, meaning that a higher density of pTau positive cells predicted better performance. Finally, there were not significant group or region differences in M78 density at any of the ages examined and ICA analyses were not able to identify any patterns of 6E10 staining across brain regions that were significant predictors of behavioral performance. Thus, the pattern of pTau staining across the parietal-hippocampal network is a strong predictor of spatial learning and memory performance, even for mice with low levels of tau accumulation and intact spatial re-orientation learning and memory. This suggests that AD may cause spatial disorientation as a result of early tau accumulation in the parietal-hippocampal network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina C Stimmell
- Department of Psychology, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Zishen Xu
- Department of Statistics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Shawn C Moseley
- Department of Psychology, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Sarah D Benthem
- Department of Psychology, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Diana M Fernandez
- Department of Psychology, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Jessica V Dang
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Luis F Santos-Molina
- Department of Psychology, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Rosina A Anzalone
- Department of Psychology, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Carolina L Garcia-Barbon
- Department of Psychology, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Stephany Rodriguez
- Department of Psychology, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Jessica R Dixon
- Department of Psychology, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Statistics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Aaron A Wilber
- Department of Psychology, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
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15
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Takamura R, Mizuta K, Sekine Y, Islam T, Saito T, Sato M, Ohkura M, Nakai J, Ohshima T, Saido TC, Hayashi Y. Modality-Specific Impairment of Hippocampal CA1 Neurons of Alzheimer's Disease Model Mice. J Neurosci 2021; 41:5315-5329. [PMID: 33980545 PMCID: PMC8211543 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0208-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Impairment of episodic memory, a class of memory for spatiotemporal context of an event, is an early symptom of Alzheimer's disease. Both spatial and temporal information are encoded and represented in the hippocampal neurons, but how these representations are impaired under amyloid β (Aβ) pathology remains elusive. We performed chronic imaging of the hippocampus in awake male amyloid precursor protein (App) knock-in mice behaving in a virtual reality environment to simultaneously monitor spatiotemporal representations and the progression of Aβ depositions. We found that temporal representation is preserved, whereas spatial representation is significantly impaired in the App knock-in mice. This is because of the overall reduction of active place cells, but not time cells, and compensatory hyperactivation of remaining place cells near Aβ aggregates. These results indicate the differential impact of Aβ aggregates on two major modalities of episodic memory, suggesting different mechanisms for forming and maintaining these two representations in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risa Takamura
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
- Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kotaro Mizuta
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yukiko Sekine
- Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tanvir Islam
- Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takashi Saito
- Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masaaki Sato
- Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Brain and Body System Science Institute, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Masamichi Ohkura
- Brain and Body System Science Institute, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Junichi Nakai
- Brain and Body System Science Institute, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Toshio Ohshima
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Takaomi C Saido
- Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yasunori Hayashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Brain and Body System Science Institute, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
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16
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Ness N, Schultz SR. A computational grid-to-place-cell transformation model indicates a synaptic driver of place cell impairment in early-stage Alzheimer's Disease. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1009115. [PMID: 34133417 PMCID: PMC8238223 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment. Synaptic dysfunction is an established early symptom, which correlates strongly with cognitive decline, and is hypothesised to mediate the diverse neuronal network abnormalities observed in AD. However, how synaptic dysfunction contributes to network pathology and cognitive impairment in AD remains elusive. Here, we present a grid-cell-to-place-cell transformation model of long-term CA1 place cell dynamics to interrogate the effect of synaptic loss on network function and environmental representation. Synapse loss modelled after experimental observations in the APP/PS1 mouse model was found to induce firing rate alterations and place cell abnormalities that have previously been observed in AD mouse models, including enlarged place fields and lower across-session stability of place fields. Our results support the hypothesis that synaptic dysfunction underlies cognitive deficits, and demonstrate how impaired environmental representation may arise in the early stages of AD. We further propose that dysfunction of excitatory and inhibitory inputs to CA1 pyramidal cells may cause distinct impairments in place cell function, namely reduced stability and place map resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Ness
- Centre for Neurotechnology and Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon R. Schultz
- Centre for Neurotechnology and Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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17
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Long X, Tao Y, Chen XC, Deng B, Cai J, Zhang SJ. Getting Lost: Place Cells and Grid Cells in Rodent Models of Alzheimer's Disease. Neurosci Bull 2021; 37:894-897. [PMID: 33811610 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-021-00670-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Long
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Tao
- Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi-Chan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sheng-Jia Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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18
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Vyas Y, Montgomery JM, Cheyne JE. Hippocampal Deficits in Amyloid-β-Related Rodent Models of Alzheimer's Disease. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:266. [PMID: 32317913 PMCID: PMC7154147 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is the most common cause of dementia. Symptoms of AD include memory loss, disorientation, mood and behavior changes, confusion, unfounded suspicions, and eventually, difficulty speaking, swallowing, and walking. These symptoms are caused by neuronal degeneration and cell loss that begins in the hippocampus, and later in disease progression spreading to the rest of the brain. While there are some medications that alleviate initial symptoms, there are currently no treatments that stop disease progression. Hippocampal deficits in amyloid-β-related rodent models of AD have revealed synaptic, behavioral and circuit-level defects. These changes in synaptic function, plasticity, neuronal excitability, brain connectivity, and excitation/inhibition imbalance all have profound effects on circuit function, which in turn could exacerbate disease progression. Despite, the wealth of studies on AD pathology we don't yet have a complete understanding of hippocampal deficits in AD. With the increasing development of in vivo recording techniques in awake and freely moving animals, future studies will extend our current knowledge of the mechanisms underpinning how hippocampal function is altered in AD, and aid in progression of treatment strategies that prevent and/or delay AD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Johanna M. Montgomery
- Department of Physiology, Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Juliette E. Cheyne
- Department of Physiology, Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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19
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Peña-Ortega F. Brain Arrhythmias Induced by Amyloid Beta and Inflammation: Involvement in Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Inflammation-related Pathologies. Curr Alzheimer Res 2020; 16:1108-1131. [DOI: 10.2174/1567205017666191213162233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A variety of neurological diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), involve amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation and/or neuroinflammation, which can alter synaptic and neural circuit functions. Consequently, these pathological conditions induce changes in neural network rhythmic activity (brain arrhythmias), which affects many brain functions. Neural network rhythms are involved in information processing, storage and retrieval, which are essential for memory consolidation, executive functioning and sensory processing. Therefore, brain arrhythmias could have catastrophic effects on circuit function, underlying the symptoms of various neurological diseases. Moreover, brain arrhythmias can serve as biomarkers for a variety of brain diseases. The aim of this review is to provide evidence linking Aβ and inflammation to neural network dysfunction, focusing on alterations in brain rhythms and their impact on cognition and sensory processing. I reviewed the most common brain arrhythmias characterized in AD, in AD transgenic models and those induced by Aβ. In addition, I reviewed the modulations of brain rhythms in neuroinflammatory diseases and those induced by immunogens, interleukins and microglia. This review reveals that Aβ and inflammation produce a complex set of effects on neural network function, which are related to the induction of brain arrhythmias and hyperexcitability, both closely related to behavioral alterations. Understanding these brain arrhythmias can help to develop therapeutic strategies to halt or prevent these neural network alterations and treat not only the arrhythmias but also the symptoms of AD and other inflammation-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Peña-Ortega
- Departamento de Neurobiologia del Desarrollo y Neurofisiologia, Instituto de Neurobiologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Queretaro, Qro., 76230, Mexico
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20
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Unsupervised excitation: GABAergic dysfunctions in Alzheimer’s disease. Brain Res 2019; 1707:216-226. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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21
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Kaefer K, Malagon-Vina H, Dickerson DD, O'Neill J, Trossbach SV, Korth C, Csicsvari J. Disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 overexpression disrupts hippocampal coding and oscillatory synchronization. Hippocampus 2019; 29:802-816. [PMID: 30723982 PMCID: PMC6767395 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant proteostasis of protein aggregation may lead to behavior disorders including chronic mental illnesses (CMI). Furthermore, the neuronal activity alterations that underlie CMI are not well understood. We recorded the local field potential and single‐unit activity of the hippocampal CA1 region in vivo in rats transgenically overexpressing the Disrupted‐in‐Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) gene (tgDISC1), modeling sporadic CMI. These tgDISC1 rats have previously been shown to exhibit DISC1 protein aggregation, disturbances in the dopaminergic system and attention‐related deficits. Recordings were performed during exploration of familiar and novel open field environments and during sleep, allowing investigation of neuronal abnormalities in unconstrained behavior. Compared to controls, tgDISC1 place cells exhibited smaller place fields and decreased speed‐modulation of their firing rates, demonstrating altered spatial coding and deficits in encoding location‐independent sensory inputs. Oscillation analyses showed that tgDISC1 pyramidal neurons had higher theta phase locking strength during novelty, limiting their phase coding ability. However, their mean theta phases were more variable at the population level, reducing oscillatory network synchronization. Finally, tgDISC1 pyramidal neurons showed a lack of novelty‐induced shift in their preferred theta and gamma firing phases, indicating deficits in coding of novel environments with oscillatory firing. By combining single cell and neuronal population analyses, we link DISC1 protein pathology with abnormal hippocampal neural coding and network synchrony, and thereby gain a more comprehensive understanding of CMI mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karola Kaefer
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Am Campus 1, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Hugo Malagon-Vina
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Am Campus 1, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Desiree D Dickerson
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Am Campus 1, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Joseph O'Neill
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, 70 Park Place, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Svenja V Trossbach
- Department Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Carsten Korth
- Department Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jozsef Csicsvari
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Am Campus 1, Klosterneuburg, Austria
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22
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Stimmell AC, Baglietto-Vargas D, Moseley SC, Lapointe V, Thompson LM, LaFerla FM, McNaughton BL, Wilber AA. Impaired Spatial Reorientation in the 3xTg-AD Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1311. [PMID: 30718609 PMCID: PMC6361963 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37151-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In early Alzheimer's disease (AD) spatial navigation is impaired; however, the precise cause of this impairment is unclear. Recent evidence suggests that getting lost is one of the first impairments to emerge in AD. It is possible that getting lost represents a failure to use distal cues to get oriented in space. Therefore, we set out to look for impaired use of distal cues for spatial orientation in a mouse model of amyloidosis (3xTg-AD). To do this, we trained mice to shuttle to the end of a track and back to an enclosed start box to receive a water reward. Then, mice were trained to stop in an unmarked reward zone to receive a brain stimulation reward. The time required to remain in the zone for a reward was increased across training, and the track was positioned in a random start location for each trial. We found that 6-month female, but not 3-month female, 6-month male, or 12-month male, 3xTg-AD mice were impaired. 6-month male and female mice had only intracellular pathology and male mice had less pathology, particularly in the dorsal hippocampus. Thus, AD may cause spatial disorientation as a result of impaired use of landmarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina C Stimmell
- Department of Psychology, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.
| | | | - Shawn C Moseley
- Department of Psychology, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Valérie Lapointe
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lauren M Thompson
- Department of Psychology, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Frank M LaFerla
- Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Bruce L McNaughton
- Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Aaron A Wilber
- Department of Psychology, Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.
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23
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Galloway CR, Ravipati K, Singh S, Lebois EP, Cohen RM, Levey AI, Manns JR. Hippocampal place cell dysfunction and the effects of muscarinic M 1 receptor agonism in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Hippocampus 2018; 28:568-585. [PMID: 29742799 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that disproportionately impacts memory and the hippocampus. However, it is unclear how AD pathology influences the activity of surviving neurons in the hippocampus to contribute to the memory symptoms in AD. One well-understood connection between spatial memory and neuronal activity in healthy brains is the activity of place cells, neurons in the hippocampus that fire preferentially in a specific location of a given environment (the place field of the place cell). In the present study, place cells were recorded from the hippocampus in a recently-developed rat model of AD (Tg-F344 AD) at an age (12-20 months) at which the AD rats showed marked spatial memory deficits. Place cells in the CA2 and CA3 pyramidal regions of the hippocampus in AD rats showed sharply reduced spatial fidelity relative to wild-type (WT) rats. In contrast, spiking activity of place cells recorded in region CA1 in AD rats showed good spatial fidelity that was similar to CA1 place cells in WT rats. Oral administration of the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonist VU0364572 impacted place cell firing rates in CA1 and CA2/3 hippocampal regions, but did not improve the spatial fidelity of CA2/3 hippocampal place cells in AD rats. The results indicated that, to the extent the spatial memory impairment in AD rats was attributable to hippocampal dysfunction, the memory impairment was more attributable to dysfunction in hippocampal regions CA2 and CA3 rather than CA1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kaushik Ravipati
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Biology Program, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Suyashi Singh
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Biology Program, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Evan P Lebois
- Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Robert M Cohen
- Department of Psychiatry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Allan I Levey
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Joseph R Manns
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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24
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Evans C, Hvoslef-Eide M, Thomas R, Kidd E, Good MA. A rapidly acquired foraging-based working memory task, sensitive to hippocampal lesions, reveals age-dependent and age-independent behavioural changes in a mouse model of amyloid pathology. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2018; 149:46-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Chiang ACA, Fowler SW, Reddy R, Pletnikova O, Troncoso JC, Sherman MA, Lesne SE, Jankowsky JL. Discrete Pools of Oligomeric Amyloid-β Track with Spatial Learning Deficits in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer Amyloidosis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2018; 188:739-756. [PMID: 29248459 PMCID: PMC5840490 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite increasing appreciation that oligomeric amyloid-β (Aβ) may contribute to cognitive decline of Alzheimer disease, defining the most critical forms has been thwarted by the changeable nature of these aggregates and the varying methods used for detection. Herein, using a broad approach, we quantified Aβ oligomers during the evolution of cognitive deficits in an aggressive model of Aβ amyloidosis. Amyloid precursor protein/tetracycline transactivator mice underwent behavioral testing at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of age to evaluate spatial learning and memory, followed by histologic assessment of amyloid burden and biochemical characterization of oligomeric Aβ species. Transgenic mice displayed progressive impairments in acquisition and immediate recall of the trained platform location. Biochemical analysis of cortical extracts from behaviorally tested mice revealed distinct age-dependent patterns of accumulation in multiple oligomeric species. Dot blot analysis demonstrated that nonfibrillar Aβ oligomers were highly soluble and extracted into a fraction enriched for extracellular proteins, whereas prefibrillar species required high-detergent conditions to retrieve, consistent with membrane localization. Low-detergent extracts tested by 82E1 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay confirmed the presence of bona fide Aβ oligomers, whereas immunoprecipitation-Western blotting using high-detergent extracts revealed a variety of SDS-stable low-n species. These findings show that different Aβ oligomers vary in solubility, consistent with distinct localization, and identify nonfibrillar Aβ oligomer-positive aggregates as tracking most closely with cognitive decline in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angie C A Chiang
- Department of Neuroscience, Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Stephanie W Fowler
- Department of Neuroscience, Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Rohit Reddy
- Department of Neuroscience, Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Department of Cognitive Science, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - Olga Pletnikova
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Juan C Troncoso
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mathew A Sherman
- Department of Neuroscience, N. Bud Grossman Center for Memory Research and Care, Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Sylvain E Lesne
- Department of Neuroscience, N. Bud Grossman Center for Memory Research and Care, Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Joanna L Jankowsky
- Department of Neuroscience, Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
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Gamma oscillations in the entorhinal-hippocampal circuit underlying memory and dementia. Neurosci Res 2018; 129:40-46. [PMID: 29438778 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Gamma oscillations that occur within the entorhinal cortex-hippocampal circuitry play important roles in the formation and retrieval of memory in healthy brains. Recent studies report that gamma oscillations are impaired in the entorhinal-hippocampal circuit of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and AD animal models. Here we review the latest advancements in studies of entorhinal-hippocampal gamma oscillations in healthy memory and dementia. This review is especially salient for readers in Alzheimer's research field not familiar with in vivo electrophysiology. Recent studies have begun to show a causal link between gamma oscillations and AD pathology, suggesting that gamma oscillations may even offer a plausible future therapeutic target.
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27
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Mably AJ, Gereke BJ, Jones DT, Colgin LL. Impairments in spatial representations and rhythmic coordination of place cells in the 3xTg mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Hippocampus 2017; 27:378-392. [PMID: 28032686 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible and highly progressive neurodegenerative disease. Clinically, patients with AD display impairments in episodic and spatial memory. However, the underlying neuronal dysfunctions that result in these impairments remain poorly understood. The hippocampus is crucial for spatial and episodic memory, and thus we tested the hypothesis that abnormal neuronal representations of space in the hippocampus contribute to memory deficits in AD. To test this hypothesis, we recorded spikes from place cells in hippocampal subfield CA1, together with corresponding rhythmic activity in local field potentials, in the 3xTg AD mouse model. We observed disturbances in place cell firing patterns, many of which were consistent with place cell disturbances reported in other rodent models of AD. We found place cell representations of space to be unstable in 3xTg mice compared to control mice. Furthermore, coordination of place cell firing by hippocampal rhythms was disrupted in 3xTg mice. Specifically, a smaller proportion of place cells from 3xTg mice were significantly phase-locked to theta and slow gamma rhythms, and the theta and slow gamma phases at which spikes occurred were also altered. Remarkably, these disturbances were observed at an age before detectable Aβ pathology had developed. Consistencies between these findings in 3xTg mice and previous findings from other AD models suggest that disturbances in place cell firing and hippocampal rhythms are related to AD rather than reflecting peculiarities inherent to a particular transgenic model. Thus, disturbed rhythmic organization of place cell activity may contribute to unstable spatial representations, and related spatial memory deficits, in AD. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J Mably
- Center for Learning and Memory, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712.,Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712
| | - Brian J Gereke
- Center for Learning and Memory, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712.,Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712
| | - Dylan T Jones
- Center for Learning and Memory, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712.,Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712
| | - Laura Lee Colgin
- Center for Learning and Memory, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712.,Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712.,Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712
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28
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Hok V, Poucet B, Duvelle É, Save É, Sargolini F. Spatial cognition in mice and rats: similarities and differences in brain and behavior. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. COGNITIVE SCIENCE 2016; 7:406-421. [PMID: 27582415 DOI: 10.1002/wcs.1411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The increasing use of mice models in cognitive tasks that were originally designed for rats raises crucial questions about cross-species comparison in the study of spatial cognition. The present review focuses on the major neuroethological differences existing between mice and rats, with particular attention given to the neurophysiological basis of space coding. While little difference is found in the basic properties of space representation in these two species, it appears that the stability of this representation changes more drastically over time in mice than in rats. We consider several hypotheses dealing with attentional, perceptual, and genetic aspects and offer some directions for future research that might help in deciphering hippocampal function in learning and memory processes. WIREs Cogn Sci 2016, 7:406-421. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1411 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Hok
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, CNRS and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,Fédération 3C, CNRS and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Bruno Poucet
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, CNRS and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France. , .,Fédération 3C, CNRS and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France. ,
| | - Éléonore Duvelle
- Faculty of Brain Sciences, UCL Psychology and Language Sciences, London, UK
| | - Étienne Save
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, CNRS and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,Fédération 3C, CNRS and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Francesca Sargolini
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, CNRS and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,Fédération 3C, CNRS and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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