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Procès A, Alpizar YA, Halliez S, Brône B, Saudou F, Ris L, Gabriele S. Stretch-injury promotes microglia activation with enhanced phagocytic and synaptic stripping activities. Biomaterials 2024; 305:122426. [PMID: 38134473 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Microglial cells, as the primary defense line in the central nervous system, play a crucial role in responding to various mechanical signals that can trigger their activation. Despite extensive research on the impact of chemical signaling on brain cells, the understanding of mechanical signaling in microglia remains limited. To bridge this gap, we subjected microglial cells to a singular mechanical stretch and compared their responses with those induced by lipopolysaccharide treatment, a well-established chemical activator. Here we show that stretching microglial cells leads to their activation, highlighting their significant mechanosensitivity. Stretched microglial cells exhibited distinct features, including elevated levels of Iba1 protein, a denser actin cytoskeleton, and increased persistence in migration. Unlike LPS-treated microglial cells, the secretory profile of chemokines and cytokines remained largely unchanged in response to stretching, except for TNF-α. Intriguingly, a single stretch injury resulted in more compacted chromatin and DNA damage, suggesting potential long-term genomic instabilities in stretched microglia. Using compartmentalized microfluidic chambers with neuronal networks, we observed that stretched microglial cells exhibited enhanced phagocytic and synaptic stripping activities. These findings collectively suggest that stretching events can unlock the immune potential of microglial cells, contributing to the maintenance of brain tissue homeostasis following mechanical injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Procès
- Mechanobiology & Biomaterials Group, CIRMAP, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, B-7000, Mons, Belgium; Neuroscience Laboratory, Neuroscience Department, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, B-7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Yeranddy A Alpizar
- Neurophysiology Laboratory, BIOMED Research Institute, UHasselt, B-3500, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Sophie Halliez
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Bert Brône
- Neurophysiology Laboratory, BIOMED Research Institute, UHasselt, B-3500, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Saudou
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neuroscience, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Laurence Ris
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Neuroscience Department, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, B-7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Sylvain Gabriele
- Mechanobiology & Biomaterials Group, CIRMAP, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, B-7000, Mons, Belgium.
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André S, Verteneuil S, Ris L, Kahvecioglu ZC, Nonclercq D, De Winter J, Vander Elst L, Laurent S, Muller RN, Burtea C. Modulation of Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 as a Potential Therapeutic Strategy for Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2023; 7:1395-1426. [PMID: 38225969 PMCID: PMC10789292 DOI: 10.3233/adr-230075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder lacking any curative treatment up to now. Indeed, actual medication given to the patients alleviates only symptoms. The cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2-IVA) appears as a pivotal player situated at the center of pathological pathways leading to AD and its inhibition could be a promising therapeutic approach. Objective A cPLA2-IVA inhibiting peptide was identified in the present work, aiming to develop an original therapeutic strategy. Methods We targeted the cPLA2-IVA using the phage display technology. The hit peptide PLP25 was first validated in vitro (arachidonic acid dosage [AA], cPLA2-IVA cellular translocation) before being tested in vivo. We evaluated spatial memory using the Barnes maze, amyloid deposits by MRI and immunohistochemistry (IHC), and other important biomarkers such as the cPLA2-IVA itself, the NMDA receptor, AβPP and tau by IHC after i.v. injection in APP/PS1 mice. Results Showing a high affinity for the C2 domain of this enzyme, the peptide PLP25 exhibited an inhibitory effect on cPLA2-IVA activity by blocking its binding to its substrate, resulting in a decreased release of AA. Coupled to a vector peptide (LRPep2) in order to optimize brain access, we showed an improvement of cognitive abilities of APP/PS1 mice, which also exhibited a decreased number of amyloid plaques, a restored expression of cPLA2-IVA, and a favorable effect on NMDA receptor expression and tau protein phosphorylation. Conclusions cPLA2-IVA inhibition through PLP25 peptide could be a promising therapeutic strategy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine André
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Verteneuil
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Laurence Ris
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Mons, Research Institute for Health Science and Technologies, Mons, Belgium
| | - Zehra-Cagla Kahvecioglu
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | | | - Julien De Winter
- Organic Synthesis and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory (SMOs), University of Mons-UMONS, Mons, Belgium
| | - Luce Vander Elst
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Sophie Laurent
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Robert N. Muller
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Carmen Burtea
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
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Musa Obadia P, Pyana Kitenge J, Carsi Kuhangana T, Kalenga Ilunga G, Billen J, Kayembe-Kitenge T, Haufroid V, Mukalay wa Mukalay A, Ris L, Banza Lubaba Nkulu C, Nemery B, Enzlin P. Erectile dysfunction in copper and cobalt miners: a cross-sectional study in the former Katanga province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Sex Med 2023; 11:qfad052. [PMID: 37869070 PMCID: PMC10588613 DOI: 10.1093/sexmed/qfad052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The African Copperbelt is a site of intense artisanal and industrial mining and refining of copper and cobalt. Aim We aimed to investigate factors that are possibly associated with erectile dysfunction (ED) in metal miners in the former Katanga province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Methods In a cross-sectional study of 138 miners and 139 controls (bakers), we administered questionnaires to obtain sociodemographic and occupational data and to assess male sexual function (International Index of Erectile Function [IIEF]) and marital relation quality (Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale). Furthermore, we measured trace metals in blood and urine, as well as testosterone and thyroid hormones in serum. Outcomes Outcomes included the prevalence of questionnaire-derived ED and the relation of ED with individual characteristics, serum testosterone, and environmental factors. Results Miners were on average 4 years older than bakers (mean ± SD, 37.5 ± 6.9 vs 33.3 ± 5.7 years). Miners had significantly lower scores than bakers on the IIEF (median [IQR], 66 [49-73] vs 73 [66-74]) and the 3 domains of the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (consensus, satisfaction, cohesion). Free testosterone was significantly lower in miners than bakers (ng/dL; 8.11 [6.90-10.10] vs 10.52 [8.83-12.58]; P ˂ .001). In miners, sex hormone-binding globulin correlated positively with blood Pb and urinary Cd. In a multivariable analysis, mild to moderate ED or moderate ED (IIEF-erectile function score ≤18) was significantly associated with having a mining-related job (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.6; 95% CI, 1.3-5.3), work seniority ˃5 years (aOR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.1-4.6), alcohol consumption (aOR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.2-6.7), and aphrodisiacs use (aOR, 4.2; 95% CI, 2.2-8.0). Mediation analysis showed that marital relationship partially mediated the relation between work seniority >5 years in mining and ED. Clinical Implications The high prevalence of ED found in artisanal mine workers indicates that work-related factors should be considered as possibly contributing, directly or indirectly, to sexual dysfunction in men. Strengths and Limitations Strengths include being the first epidemiologic study documenting ED with validated questionnaires and its possible determinants, including exposure to toxic metals, among young artisanal miners vs a suitable control group. Limitations are the cross-sectional design with convenience sampling and absence of objective confirmation of ED. Conclusion As compared with controls, miners reported poorer sexual function and lower quality of their marital relationship, and they had lower free testosterone levels, which may be due to their high exposure to trace metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Musa Obadia
- Unité de Toxicologie et Environnement, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université de Lubumbashi, 1825 Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joseph Pyana Kitenge
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Unité de Santé au travail et Santé environnementale, Département de Santé Publique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lubumbashi, 1825 Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Trésor Carsi Kuhangana
- Unité de Toxicologie et Environnement, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université de Lubumbashi, 1825 Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Ecole de Santé Publique, Université de Kolwezi, 07301 Kolwezi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Georges Kalenga Ilunga
- Unité de Toxicologie et Environnement, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université de Lubumbashi, 1825 Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Jaak Billen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Leuven University Hospitals, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tony Kayembe-Kitenge
- Unité de Toxicologie et Environnement, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université de Lubumbashi, 1825 Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Institut Supérieur des Techniques Médicales, 4748 Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Vincent Haufroid
- Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Abdon Mukalay wa Mukalay
- Unité d’Epidémiologie clinique et Pathologies tropicales, Département de Santé Publique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lubumbashi, 1825 Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Laurence Ris
- Département de Neurosciences, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Célestin Banza Lubaba Nkulu
- Unité de Toxicologie et Environnement, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université de Lubumbashi, 1825 Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Benoit Nemery
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Enzlin
- Institute for Family and Sexuality Studies, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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La Fisca L, Jennebauffe C, Bruyneel M, Ris L, Lefebvre L, Siebert X, Gosselin B. Enhancing OSA Assessment with Explainable AI . Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2023; 2023:1-6. [PMID: 38083271 DOI: 10.1109/embc40787.2023.10341035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Explainable Artificial Intelligence (xAI) is a rapidly growing field that focuses on making deep learning models interpretable and understandable to human decision-makers. In this study, we introduce xAAEnet, a novel xAI model applied to the assessment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) severity. OSA is a prevalent sleep disorder that can lead to numerous medical conditions and is currently assessed using the Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI). However, AHI has been criticized for its inability to accurately estimate the effect of OSAs on related medical conditions. To address this issue, we propose a human-centric xAI approach that emphasizes similarity between apneic events as a whole and reduces subjectivity in diagnosis by examining how the model makes its decisions. Our model was trained and tested on a dataset of 60 patients' Polysomnographic (PSG) recordings. Our results demonstrate that the proposed model, xAAEnet, outperforms models with traditional architectures such as convolutional regressor, autoencoder (AE), and variational autoencoder (VAE). This study highlights the potential of xAI in providing an objective OSA severity scoring method.Clinical relevance- This study provides an objective OSA severity scoring technique which could improve the management of apneic patients in clinical practice.
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Cheron G, Ris L, Cebolla AM. Nucleus incertus provides eye velocity and position signals to the vestibulo-ocular cerebellum: a new perspective of the brainstem-cerebellum-hippocampus network. Front Syst Neurosci 2023; 17:1180627. [PMID: 37304152 PMCID: PMC10248067 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2023.1180627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The network formed by the brainstem, cerebellum, and hippocampus occupies a central position to achieve navigation. Multiple physiological functions are implicated in this complex behavior. Among these, control of the eye-head and body movements is crucial. The gaze-holding system realized by the brainstem oculomotor neural integrator (ONI) situated in the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi and fine-tuned by the contribution of different regions of the cerebellum assumes the stability of the image on the fovea. This function helps in the recognition of environmental targets and defining appropriate navigational pathways further elaborated by the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. In this context, an enigmatic brainstem area situated in front of the ONI, the nucleus incertus (NIC), is implicated in the dynamics of brainstem-hippocampus theta oscillation and contains a group of neurons projecting to the cerebellum. These neurons are characterized by burst tonic behavior similar to the burst tonic neurons in the ONI that convey eye velocity-position signals to the cerebellar flocculus. Faced with these forgotten cerebellar projections of the NIC, the present perspective discusses the possibility that, in addition to the already described pathways linking the cerebellum and the hippocampus via the medial septum, these NIC signals related to the vestibulo-ocular reflex and gaze holding could participate in the hippocampal control of navigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Cheron
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium
- UMONS Research Institute for Health and Technology, Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Laurence Ris
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium
- UMONS Research Institute for Health and Technology, Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Ana Maria Cebolla
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Fourré A, Vanderstraeten R, Ris L, Bastiaens H, Michielsen J, Demoulin C, Darlow B, Roussel N. Management of Low Back Pain: Do Physiotherapists Know the Evidence-Based Guidelines? Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:ijerph20095611. [PMID: 37174131 PMCID: PMC10178177 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20095611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical practice guidelines promote bio-psychosocial management of patients suffering from low back pain (LBP). The objective of this study was to examine the current knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of physiotherapists about a guideline-adherent approach to LBP and to assess the ability of physiotherapists to recognise signs of a specific LBP in a clinical vignette. METHODS Physiotherapists were recruited to participate in an online study. They were asked to indicate whether they were familiar with evidence-based guidelines and then to fill in the Health Care Providers' Pain and Impairment Relationship Scale (HC-PAIRS), Back Pain Attitudes Questionnaire (Back-PAQ), Neurophysiology of Pain Questionnaire (NPQ), as well as questions related to two clinical vignettes. RESULTS In total, 527 physiotherapists participated in this study. Only 38% reported being familiar with guidelines for the management of LBP. Sixty-three percent of the physiotherapists gave guideline-inconsistent recommendations regarding work. Only half of the physiotherapists recognised the signs of a specific LBP. CONCLUSIONS The high proportion of physiotherapists unfamiliar with guidelines and demonstrating attitudes and beliefs not in line with evidence-based management of LBP is concerning. It is crucial to develop efficient strategies to enhance knowledge of guidelines among physiotherapists and increase their implementation in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Fourré
- Department of Neurosciences, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy (MOVANT), University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Rob Vanderstraeten
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy (MOVANT), University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Laurence Ris
- Department of Neurosciences, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Hilde Bastiaens
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy (MOVANT), University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Jozef Michielsen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy (MOVANT), University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
- Orthopedic Department, University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Christophe Demoulin
- Department of Sport and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Ben Darlow
- Department of Primary Health Care and General Practice, University of Otago, Wellington 6021, New Zealand
| | - Nathalie Roussel
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy (MOVANT), University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
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Fourré A, Monnier F, Ris L, Telliez F, Michielsen J, Roussel N, Hage R. Low-back related leg pain: is the nerve guilty? How to differentiate the underlying pain mechanism. J Man Manip Ther 2023; 31:57-63. [PMID: 35735104 PMCID: PMC10013353 DOI: 10.1080/10669817.2022.2092266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) that radiates to the leg is not always related to a lesion or a disease of the nervous system (neuropathic pain): it might be nociceptive (referred) pain. Unfortunately, patients with low-back related leg pain are often given a variety of diagnoses (e.g. 'sciatica'; 'radicular pain'; pseudoradicular pain"). This terminology causes confusion and challenges clinical reasoning. It is essential for clinicians to understand and recognize predominant pain mechanisms. This paper describes pain mechanisms related to low back-related leg pain and helps differentiate these mechanisms in practice using clinical based scenarios. We illustrate this by using two clinical scenarios including patients with the same symptoms in terms of pain localization (i.e. low-back related leg pain) but with different underlying pain mechanisms (i.e. nociceptive versus neuropathic pain).
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Fourré
- Department of Neurosciences, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy (MOVANT), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Traitement Formation Thérapie Manuelle (TFTM), Physiotherapy Center, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Félix Monnier
- Department of Neurosciences, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Laurence Ris
- Department of Neurosciences, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Telliez
- Institut d'Ingénierie de la Santé-UFR de Médecine, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé-Laboratoire Péritox, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Jef Michielsen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy (MOVANT), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Orthopedic Department, University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Roussel
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy (MOVANT), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Renaud Hage
- Traitement Formation Thérapie Manuelle (TFTM), Physiotherapy Center, Brussels, Belgium.,Centre de Recherche et de Formation (CeREF), HELHa, Mons, Belgium
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Aro R, Nachtergael A, Ris L, Manto M, Duez P. Essential tremor: a three-dimensional neurosphere in vitro model to assess the neurotoxicity of harmane. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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La Fisca L, Vandenbulcke V, Wauthia E, Miceli A, Simoes Loureiro I, Ris L, Lefebvre L, Gosselin B, Pernet CR. Biases in BCI experiments: Do we really need to balance stimulus properties across categories? Front Comput Neurosci 2022; 16:900571. [PMID: 36507305 PMCID: PMC9731219 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2022.900571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain Computer Interfaces (BCIs) consist of an interaction between humans and computers with a specific mean of communication, such as voice, gestures, or even brain signals that are usually recorded by an Electroencephalogram (EEG). To ensure an optimal interaction, the BCI algorithm typically involves the classification of the input signals into predefined task-specific categories. However, a recurrent problem is that the classifier can easily be biased by uncontrolled experimental conditions, namely covariates, that are unbalanced across the categories. This issue led to the current solution of forcing the balance of these covariates across the different categories which is time consuming and drastically decreases the dataset diversity. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the need for this forced balance in BCI experiments involving EEG data. A typical design of neural BCIs involves repeated experimental trials using visual stimuli to trigger the so-called Event-Related Potential (ERP). The classifier is expected to learn spatio-temporal patterns specific to categories rather than patterns related to uncontrolled stimulus properties, such as psycho-linguistic variables (e.g., phoneme number, familiarity, and age of acquisition) and image properties (e.g., contrast, compactness, and homogeneity). The challenges are then to know how biased the decision is, which features affect the classification the most, which part of the signal is impacted, and what is the probability to perform neural categorization per se. To address these problems, this research has two main objectives: (1) modeling and quantifying the covariate effects to identify spatio-temporal regions of the EEG allowing maximal classification performance while minimizing the biasing effect, and (2) evaluating the need to balance the covariates across categories when studying brain mechanisms. To solve the modeling problem, we propose using a linear parametric analysis applied to some observable and commonly studied covariates to them. The biasing effect is quantified by comparing the regions highly influenced by the covariates with the regions of high categorical contrast, i.e., parts of the ERP allowing a reliable classification. The need to balance the stimulus's inner properties across categories is evaluated by assessing the separability between category-related and covariate-related evoked responses. The procedure is applied to a visual priming experiment where the images represent items belonging to living or non-living entities. The observed covariates are the commonly controlled psycho-linguistic variables and some visual features of the images. As a result, we identified that the category of the stimulus mostly affects the late evoked response. The covariates, when not modeled, have a biasing effect on the classification, essentially in the early evoked response. This effect increases with the diversity of the dataset and the complexity of the algorithm used. As the effects of both psycho-linguistic variables and image features appear outside of the spatio-temporal regions of significant categorical contrast, the proper selection of the region of interest makes the classification reliable. Having proved that the covariate effects can be separated from the categorical effect, our framework can be further used to isolate the category-dependent evoked response from the rest of the EEG to study neural processes involved when seeing living vs. non-living entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca La Fisca
- ISIA Lab, Numediart Institute, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium,*Correspondence: Luca La Fisca
| | | | - Erika Wauthia
- Department of Cognitive Psychology and Neuropsychology, Interdisciplinary Research Center in Psychophysiology and Electrophysiology of Cognition, Institute of Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Aurélie Miceli
- Department of Cognitive Psychology and Neuropsychology, Interdisciplinary Research Center in Psychophysiology and Electrophysiology of Cognition, Institute of Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Simoes Loureiro
- Department of Cognitive Psychology and Neuropsychology, Interdisciplinary Research Center in Psychophysiology and Electrophysiology of Cognition, Institute of Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Laurence Ris
- Department of Neuroscience, Interdisciplinary Research Center in Psychophysiology and Electrophysiology of Cognition, Institute of Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Laurent Lefebvre
- Department of Cognitive Psychology and Neuropsychology, Interdisciplinary Research Center in Psychophysiology and Electrophysiology of Cognition, Institute of Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Bernard Gosselin
- ISIA Lab, Numediart Institute, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Cyril R. Pernet
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Cheron G, Ristori D, Marquez-Ruiz J, Cebolla AM, Ris L. Electrophysiological alterations of the Purkinje cells and deep cerebellar neurons in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease (electrophysiology on cerebellum of AD mice). Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:5547-5563. [PMID: 35141975 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is histopathologically well defined by the presence of amyloid deposits and tau-related neurofibrillary tangles in crucial regions of the brain. Interest is growing in revealing and determining possible pathological markers also in the cerebellum as its involvement in cognitive functions is now well supported. Despite the central position of the Purkinje cell in the cerebellum, its electrophysiological behaviour in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease is scarce in the literature. Our first aim was here to focus on the electrophysiological behaviour of the cerebellum in awake mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (APPswe/PSEN1dE9) and the related performance on the water-maze test classically used in behavioural studies. We found prevalent signs of electrophysiological alterations in both Purkinje cells and deep cerebellar nuclei neurons which might explain the behavioural deficits reported during the water-maze test. The alterations of neurons firing were accompanied by a dual (~16 and ~228 Hz) local field potential's oscillation in the Purkinje cell layer of Alzheimer's disease mice which was concomitant to an important increase of both the simple and the complex spikes. In addition, β-amyloid deposits were present in the molecular layer of the cerebellum. These results highlight the importance of the output firing modification of the AD cerebellum that may indirectly impact the activity of its subcortical and cortical targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Cheron
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,ULB Neuroscience Institut, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratory of Neuroscience, Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Dominique Ristori
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Javier Marquez-Ruiz
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
| | - Anna-Maria Cebolla
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Ris
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium.,UMONS Research Institut for health and technology, Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium
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11
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Shetty MS, Ris L, Schindler RFR, Mizuno K, Fedele L, Giese KP, Brand T, Abel T. Mice Lacking the cAMP Effector Protein POPDC1 Show Enhanced Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity. Cereb Cortex 2022; 32:3457-3471. [PMID: 34937090 PMCID: PMC9376866 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive research has uncovered diverse forms of synaptic plasticity and an array of molecular signaling mechanisms that act as positive or negative regulators. Specifically, cyclic 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent signaling pathways are crucially implicated in long-lasting synaptic plasticity. In this study, we examine the role of Popeye domain-containing protein 1 (POPDC1) (or blood vessel epicardial substance (BVES)), a cAMP effector protein, in modulating hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Unlike other cAMP effectors, such as protein kinase A (PKA) and exchange factor directly activated by cAMP, POPDC1 is membrane-bound and the sequence of the cAMP-binding cassette differs from canonical cAMP-binding domains, suggesting that POPDC1 may have an unique role in cAMP-mediated signaling. Our results show that Popdc1 is widely expressed in various brain regions including the hippocampus. Acute hippocampal slices from Popdc1 knockout (KO) mice exhibit PKA-dependent enhancement in CA1 long-term potentiation (LTP) in response to weaker stimulation paradigms, which in slices from wild-type mice induce only transient LTP. Loss of POPDC1, while not affecting basal transmission or input-specificity of LTP, results in altered response during high-frequency stimulation. Popdc1 KO mice also show enhanced forskolin-induced potentiation. Overall, these findings reveal POPDC1 as a novel negative regulator of hippocampal synaptic plasticity and, together with recent evidence for its interaction with phosphodiesterases (PDEs), suggest that POPDC1 is involved in modulating activity-dependent local cAMP-PKA-PDE signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Shivarama Shetty
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Laurence Ris
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Mons, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | | | - Keiko Mizuno
- Department of Neuroscience, King’s College, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Laura Fedele
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 ONN, UK
| | | | - Thomas Brand
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 ONN, UK
| | - Ted Abel
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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12
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Latragna A, Sabaté San José A, Tsimpos P, Vermeiren S, Gualdani R, Chakrabarti S, Callejo G, Desiderio S, Shomroni O, Sitte M, Kricha S, Luypaert M, Vanhollebeke B, Laumet G, Salinas G, Smith ESJ, Ris L, Bellefroid EJ. Prdm12 modulates pain-related behavior by remodeling gene expression in mature nociceptors. Pain 2022; 163:e927-e941. [PMID: 34961757 PMCID: PMC9341233 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Prdm12 is a conserved epigenetic transcriptional regulator that displays restricted expression in nociceptors of the developing peripheral nervous system. In mice, Prdm12 is required for the development of the entire nociceptive lineage. In humans, PRDM12 mutations cause congenital insensitivity to pain, likely because of the loss of nociceptors. Prdm12 expression is maintained in mature nociceptors suggesting a yet-to-be explored functional role in adults. Using Prdm12 inducible conditional knockout mouse models, we report that in adult nociceptors Prdm12 is no longer required for cell survival but continues to play a role in the transcriptional control of a network of genes, many of them encoding ion channels and receptors. We found that disruption of Prdm12 alters the excitability of dorsal root ganglion neurons in culture. Phenotypically, we observed that mice lacking Prdm12 exhibit normal responses to thermal and mechanical nociceptive stimuli but a reduced response to capsaicin and hypersensitivity to formalin-induced inflammatory pain. Together, our data indicate that Prdm12 regulates pain-related behavior in a complex way by modulating gene expression in adult nociceptors and controlling their excitability. The results encourage further studies to assess the potential of Prdm12 as a target for analgesic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Latragna
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Alba Sabaté San José
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Panagiotis Tsimpos
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Simon Vermeiren
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Roberta Gualdani
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | | | - Gerard Callejo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Desiderio
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Orr Shomroni
- NGS Integrative Genomics, Department of Human Genetics at the University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Maren Sitte
- NGS Integrative Genomics, Department of Human Genetics at the University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sadia Kricha
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Maëlle Luypaert
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Benoit Vanhollebeke
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Geoffroy Laumet
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Gabriela Salinas
- NGS Integrative Genomics, Department of Human Genetics at the University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ewan St. John Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Laurence Ris
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Eric J. Bellefroid
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
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13
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Leo D, Targa G, Espinoza S, Villers A, Gainetdinov RR, Ris L. Trace Amine Associate Receptor 1 (TAAR1) as a New Target for the Treatment of Cognitive Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147811. [PMID: 35887159 PMCID: PMC9318502 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, approximately 27 million people are affected by Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD pathophysiology is believed to be caused by the deposition of the β-amyloid peptide (Aβ). Aβ can reduce long-term potentiation (LTP), a form of synaptic plasticity that is closely associated with learning and memory and involves postsynaptic glutamate receptor phosphorylation and trafficking. Moreover, Aβ seems to be able to reduce glutamatergic transmission by increasing the endocytosis of NMDA receptors. Trace amines (TAs) are biogenic amines that are structurally similar to monoamine neurotransmitters. TAs bind to G protein-coupled receptors, called TAARs (trace amine-associated receptors); the best-studied member of this family, TAAR1, is distributed in the cortical and limbic structures of the CNS. It has been shown that the activation of TAAR1 can rescue glutamatergic hypofunction and that TAAR1 can modulate glutamate NMDA receptor-related functions in the frontal cortex. Several lines of evidence also suggest the pro-cognitive action of TAAR1 agonists in various behavioural experimental protocols. Thus, we studied, in vitro, the role of the TAAR1 agonist RO5256390 on basal cortical glutamatergic transmission and tested its effect on Aβ-induced dysfunction. Furthermore, we investigated, in vivo, the role of TAAR1 in cognitive dysfunction induced by Aβ infusion in Aβ-treated mice. In vitro data showed that Aβ 1–42 significantly decreased NMDA cell surface expression while the TAAR1 agonist RO5256390 promoted their membrane insertion in cortical cells. In vivo, RO5256390 showed a mild pro-cognitive effect, as demonstrated by the better performance in the Y maze test in mice treated with Aβ. Further studies are needed to better understand the interplay between TAAR1/Aβ and glutamatergic signalling, in order to evaluate the eventual beneficial effect in different experimental paradigms and animal models. Taken together, our data indicate that TAAR1 agonism may provide a novel therapeutic approach in the treatments of disorders involving Aβ-induced cognitive impairments, such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiana Leo
- Department of Neuroscience, Research Institute for Health Science and Technology, University of Mons, 20 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (D.L.); (A.V.)
| | - Giorgia Targa
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Stefano Espinoza
- Central RNA Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16163 Genova, Italy;
| | - Agnès Villers
- Department of Neuroscience, Research Institute for Health Science and Technology, University of Mons, 20 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (D.L.); (A.V.)
| | - Raul R. Gainetdinov
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb. 7-9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- St. Petersburg University Hospital, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb. 7-9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Laurence Ris
- Department of Neuroscience, Research Institute for Health Science and Technology, University of Mons, 20 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (D.L.); (A.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-6537-3570
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14
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Delvigne V, Facchini A, Wannous H, Dutoit T, Ris L, Vandeborre JP. A Saliency based Feature Fusion Model for EEG Emotion Estimation. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2022; 2022:3170-3174. [PMID: 36086672 DOI: 10.1109/embc48229.2022.9871720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Among the different modalities to assess emotion, electroencephalogram (EEG), representing the electrical brain activity, achieved motivating results over the last decade. Emotion estimation from EEG could help in the diagnosis or rehabilitation of certain diseases. In this paper, we propose a dual model considering two different representations of EEG feature maps: 1) a sequential based representation of EEG band power, 2) an image-based representation of the feature vectors. We also propose an innovative method to combine the information based on a saliency analysis of the image-based model to promote joint learning of both model parts. The model has been evaluated on four publicly available datasets: SEED-IV, SEED, DEAP and MPED. The achieved results outperform results from state-of-the-art approaches for three of the proposed datasets with a lower standard deviation that reflects higher stability. For sake of reproducibility, the codes and models proposed in this paper are available at https://github.com/VDelv/Emotion-EEG.
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15
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Procès A, Luciano M, Kalukula Y, Ris L, Gabriele S. Multiscale Mechanobiology in Brain Physiology and Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:823857. [PMID: 35419366 PMCID: PMC8996382 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.823857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that mechanics play a critical role in regulating brain function at different scales. Downstream integration of mechanical inputs into biochemical signals and genomic pathways causes observable and measurable effects on brain cell fate and can also lead to important pathological consequences. Despite recent advances, the mechanical forces that influence neuronal processes remain largely unexplored, and how endogenous mechanical forces are detected and transduced by brain cells into biochemical and genetic programs have received less attention. In this review, we described the composition of brain tissues and their pronounced microstructural heterogeneity. We discuss the individual role of neuronal and glial cell mechanics in brain homeostasis and diseases. We highlight how changes in the composition and mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix can modulate brain cell functions and describe key mechanisms of the mechanosensing process. We then consider the contribution of mechanobiology in the emergence of brain diseases by providing a critical review on traumatic brain injury, neurodegenerative diseases, and neuroblastoma. We show that a better understanding of the mechanobiology of brain tissues will require to manipulate the physico-chemical parameters of the cell microenvironment, and to develop three-dimensional models that can recapitulate the complexity and spatial diversity of brain tissues in a reproducible and predictable manner. Collectively, these emerging insights shed new light on the importance of mechanobiology and its implication in brain and nerve diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Procès
- Mechanobiology and Biomaterials group, Interfaces and Complex Fluids Laboratory, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium.,Neurosciences Department, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Marine Luciano
- Mechanobiology and Biomaterials group, Interfaces and Complex Fluids Laboratory, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Yohalie Kalukula
- Mechanobiology and Biomaterials group, Interfaces and Complex Fluids Laboratory, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Laurence Ris
- Neurosciences Department, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Sylvain Gabriele
- Mechanobiology and Biomaterials group, Interfaces and Complex Fluids Laboratory, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
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16
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Wauthia E, D’Hondt F, Blekic W, Lefebvre L, Ris L, Rossignol M. Neural responses associated with attentional engagement and disengagement from threat in high socially anxious children: Evidence from temporal-spatial PCA. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0261172. [PMID: 35030177 PMCID: PMC8759697 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cognitive models indicated that social anxiety disorder (SAD) would be caused and maintained by a biased attentional processing of threatening information. This study investigates whether socially anxious children may present impaired attentional engagement and disengagement from negative emotional faces, as well as their underlying event-related potential responses. Methods and findings Fifteen children with high levels of social anxiety (HSA; 9 boys; mean age = 9.99y; SD = 1.14) and twenty low socially anxious children (LSA; 16 boys; mean age = 10.47y; SD = 1.17) participated in a spatial cueing task in which they had to detect targets following neutral/disgusted faces in a valid or invalid location. No group effect was reported on reaction times [p>.05]. However, electrophysiological data showed lower P3a amplitude in HSA children compared with the LSA group when processing facial stimuli. They also reported larger N2 amplitudes for valid-disgusted targets and a larger P3a amplitude for the invalid-disgusted ones. Conclusion In terms of electrophysiological data, our results validated, the hypothesis of attentional disengagement difficulties in SAD children. We also confirm the idea that high levels of social anxiety are associated with cognitive control impairments and have a greater impact on the processing efficiency than on the performance effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Wauthia
- Laboratory of Cognitive Psychology and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
- Interdisciplinary Research Center in Psychophysiology and Cognitive Electrophysiology, Mons, Belgium
- National Fund for Human Science Research, National Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS), Brussels, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Fabien D’Hondt
- Univ. Lille, INSERM U1172, CHU Lille, Centre Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France
- CHU Lille, Clinique de Psychiatrie, Unité CURE, Lille, France
- Centre national de ressources et de résilience Lille-Paris (CN2R), Lille, France
| | - Wivine Blekic
- Laboratory of Cognitive Psychology and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
- Interdisciplinary Research Center in Psychophysiology and Cognitive Electrophysiology, Mons, Belgium
- National Fund for Human Science Research, National Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurent Lefebvre
- Laboratory of Cognitive Psychology and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
- Interdisciplinary Research Center in Psychophysiology and Cognitive Electrophysiology, Mons, Belgium
| | - Laurence Ris
- Interdisciplinary Research Center in Psychophysiology and Cognitive Electrophysiology, Mons, Belgium
- Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Mandy Rossignol
- Laboratory of Cognitive Psychology and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
- Interdisciplinary Research Center in Psychophysiology and Cognitive Electrophysiology, Mons, Belgium
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17
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Verbruggen L, Ates G, Lara O, De Munck J, Villers A, De Pauw L, Ottestad-Hansen S, Kobayashi S, Beckers P, Janssen P, Sato H, Zhou Y, Hermans E, Njemini R, Arckens L, Danbolt NC, De Bundel D, Aerts JL, Barbé K, Guillaume B, Ris L, Bentea E, Massie A. Lifespan extension with preservation of hippocampal function in aged system x c--deficient male mice. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:2355-2368. [PMID: 35181756 PMCID: PMC9126817 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01470-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The cystine/glutamate antiporter system xc- has been identified as the major source of extracellular glutamate in several brain regions as well as a modulator of neuroinflammation, and genetic deletion of its specific subunit xCT (xCT-/-) is protective in mouse models for age-related neurological disorders. However, the previously observed oxidative shift in the plasma cystine/cysteine ratio of adult xCT-/- mice led to the hypothesis that system xc- deletion would negatively affect life- and healthspan. Still, till now the role of system xc- in physiological aging remains unexplored. We therefore studied the effect of xCT deletion on the aging process of mice, with a particular focus on the immune system, hippocampal function, and cognitive aging. We observed that male xCT-/- mice have an extended lifespan, despite an even more increased plasma cystine/cysteine ratio in aged compared to adult mice. This oxidative shift does not negatively impact the general health status of the mice. On the contrary, the age-related priming of the innate immune system, that manifested as increased LPS-induced cytokine levels and hypothermia in xCT+/+ mice, was attenuated in xCT-/- mice. While this was associated with only a very moderate shift towards a more anti-inflammatory state of the aged hippocampus, we observed changes in the hippocampal metabolome that were associated with a preserved hippocampal function and the retention of hippocampus-dependent memory in male aged xCT-/- mice. Targeting system xc- is thus not only a promising strategy to prevent cognitive decline, but also to promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Verbruggen
- grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Laboratory of Neuro-Aging & Viro-Immunotherapy, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gamze Ates
- grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Laboratory of Neuro-Aging & Viro-Immunotherapy, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olaya Lara
- grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Laboratory of Neuro-Aging & Viro-Immunotherapy, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jolien De Munck
- grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Laboratory of Neuro-Aging & Viro-Immunotherapy, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Agnès Villers
- grid.8364.90000 0001 2184 581XDepartment of Neurosciences, Université de Mons (UMONS), Mons, Belgium
| | - Laura De Pauw
- grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Laboratory of Neuro-Aging & Viro-Immunotherapy, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sigrid Ottestad-Hansen
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Neurotransporter Group, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sho Kobayashi
- grid.268394.20000 0001 0674 7277Department of Food, Life and Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Pauline Beckers
- grid.7942.80000 0001 2294 713XInstitute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pauline Janssen
- grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Laboratory of Neuro-Aging & Viro-Immunotherapy, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hideyo Sato
- grid.260975.f0000 0001 0671 5144Department of Medical Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yun Zhou
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Neurotransporter Group, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Emmanuel Hermans
- grid.7942.80000 0001 2294 713XInstitute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rose Njemini
- grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Frailty in Ageing research Department, VUB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lutgarde Arckens
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Niels C. Danbolt
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Neurotransporter Group, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dimitri De Bundel
- grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information, C4N, VUB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joeri L. Aerts
- grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Laboratory of Neuro-Aging & Viro-Immunotherapy, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kurt Barbé
- grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069The Biostatistics and Medical Informatics Department, VUB, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Laurence Ris
- grid.8364.90000 0001 2184 581XDepartment of Neurosciences, Université de Mons (UMONS), Mons, Belgium
| | - Eduard Bentea
- grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Laboratory of Neuro-Aging & Viro-Immunotherapy, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ann Massie
- Laboratory of Neuro-Aging & Viro-Immunotherapy, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.
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18
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Fourré A, Fierens A, Michielsen J, Ris L, Dierick F, Roussel N. An interactive e-learning module to promote bio-psycho-social management of low back pain in healthcare professionals: a pilot study. J Man Manip Ther 2021; 30:105-115. [PMID: 34678129 DOI: 10.1080/10669817.2021.1988397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Low back pain (LBP) is ranked as the first musculoskeletal disorder considering years lived with disability worldwide. Despite numerous guidelines promoting a bio-psycho-social (BPS) approach in the management of patients with LBP, many health care professionals (HCPs) still manage LBP patients mainly from a biomedical point of view. Objective: The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility of implementing an interactive e-learning module on the management of LBP in HCPs. Methods: In total 22 HCPs evaluated the feasibility of the e-learning module with a questionnaire and open questions. Participants filled in the Back Pain Attitude Questionnaire (Back-PAQ) before and after completing the module to evaluate their attitudes and beliefs about LBP. Results: The module was structured and easy to complete (91%) and met the expectations of the participants (86%). A majority agreed that the module improved their knowledge (69%). Some participants (77%) identified specific topics that might be discussed in more detail in the module. HCPs knowledge, beliefs and attitudes about LBP significantly improved following module completion (t = -7.63, P < .001) with a very large effect size (ds = -1.63). Conclusion: The module seems promising to change knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of the participants. There is an urgent need to develop and investigate the effect of educational interventions to favor best practice in LBP management and this type of e-learning support could promote the transition from a biomedical to a bio-psycho-social management of LBP in HCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Fourré
- Department of Neurosciences, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy (Movant), University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Jef Michielsen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy (Movant), University of Antwerp, Belgium.,Orthopaedic Department, University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Laurence Ris
- Department of Neurosciences, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Dierick
- Laboratoire d'Analyse du Mouvement et de la Posture, Centre National De Rééducation Fonctionnelle Et De Réadaptation - Rehazenter, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.,CeREF, Haute Ecole Louvain En Hainaut, Mons, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Roussel
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy (Movant), University of Antwerp, Belgium
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19
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Lantoine J, Procès A, Villers A, Halliez S, Buée L, Ris L, Gabriele S. Inflammatory Molecules Released by Mechanically Injured Astrocytes Trigger Presynaptic Loss in Cortical Neuronal Networks. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:3885-3897. [PMID: 34614352 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Deformation, compression, or stretching of brain tissues cause diffuse axonal injury (DAI) and induce structural and functional alterations of astrocytes, the most abundant cell type in the brain. To gain further insight into the role of mechanically activated astrocytes on neuronal networks, this study was designed to investigate whether cytokines released by mechanically activated astrocytes can affect the growth and synaptic connections of cortical neuronal networks. Astrocytes were cultivated on elastic membranes and subjected to repetitive mechanical insults, whereas well-defined protein micropatterns were used to form standardized neuronal networks. GFAP staining showed that astrocytes were mechanically activated after two cycles of stretch and mesoscale discovery assays indicated that injured astrocytes released four major cytokines. To understand the role of these cytokines, neuronal networks were cultured with the supernatant of healthy or mechanically activated astrocytes, and the individual contribution of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was studied. We found that the supernatant of two-cycle stretched astrocytes decreased presynaptic terminals and indicated that TNF-α must be considered a key player of the synaptic loss. Furthermore, our results indicate that cytokines released by injured astrocytes significantly modulate the balance between TNFR1 and TNFR2 receptors by enhancing R2 receptors. We demonstrated that TNF-α is not involved in this process, suggesting a predominant role of other secreted cytokines. Together, these results contribute to a better understanding of the consequences of repetitive astrocyte deformations and highlight the role of inflammatory signaling pathways in synaptic plasticity and modulation of TNFR1 and TNFR2 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joséphine Lantoine
- Mechanobiology & Soft Matter Group, Interfaces and Complex Fluids Laboratory, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Anthony Procès
- Mechanobiology & Soft Matter Group, Interfaces and Complex Fluids Laboratory, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Research Institute for Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Agnès Villers
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Research Institute for Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Sophie Halliez
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, LabEx DISTALZ, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Luc Buée
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, LabEx DISTALZ, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Laurence Ris
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Research Institute for Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Sylvain Gabriele
- Mechanobiology & Soft Matter Group, Interfaces and Complex Fluids Laboratory, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
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Miceli A, Wauthia E, Lefebvre L, Ris L, Simoes Loureiro I. Perceptual and Interoceptive Strength Norms for 270 French Words. Front Psychol 2021; 12:667271. [PMID: 34177725 PMCID: PMC8226098 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.667271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Perceptual experience through the five modalities (i.e., vision, hearing, touch, taste, and smell) has demonstrated its key role in semantics. Researchers also highlighted the role of interoceptive information in the grounded representation of concepts. However, to this day, there is no available data across these modalities in the French language. Therefore, the aim of this study was to circumvent this caveat. Participants aged between 18 and 50 completed an online survey in which we recorded scores of perceptual strength (PS), interoceptive information, imageability, concreteness, conceptual familiarity, and age of acquisition of 270 words of the French language. We also analysed the relationships between perceptual modalities and psycholinguistic variables. Results showed that vast majority of concepts were visually-dominant. Correlation analyses revealed that the five PS variables were strongly correlated with imageability, concreteness, and conceptual familiarity and highlight that PS variables index one aspect of the semantic representations of a word. On the other hand, high interoceptive scores were highlighted only for the less imageable and less concrete words, emphasizing their importance for the grounding of abstract concepts. Future research could use these norms in the investigation of the role of perceptual experience in the representation of concepts and their impact on word processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Miceli
- Cognitive Psychology and Neuropsychology Department, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
- Institute of Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Psychophysiology and Cognitive Electrophysiology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Erika Wauthia
- Cognitive Psychology and Neuropsychology Department, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
- Institute of Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Psychophysiology and Cognitive Electrophysiology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Laurent Lefebvre
- Cognitive Psychology and Neuropsychology Department, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
- Institute of Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Psychophysiology and Cognitive Electrophysiology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Laurence Ris
- Institute of Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Psychophysiology and Cognitive Electrophysiology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
- Neuroscience Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Simoes Loureiro
- Cognitive Psychology and Neuropsychology Department, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
- Institute of Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Psychophysiology and Cognitive Electrophysiology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
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21
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Musa Obadia P, Pyana Kitenge J, Kayembe-Kitenge T, Billen J, Kalenga Ilunga G, Carsi Kuhangana T, Haufroid V, Mukalay Wa Mukalay A, Ris L, Banza Lubaba Nkulu C, Enzlin P, Nemery B. Dysfonction érectile secondaire chez les travailleurs du secteur minier de la province du Katanga, République Démocratique du Congo. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2021.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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22
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Horgan D, Nobili F, Teunissen C, Grimmer T, Mitrecic D, Ris L, Pirtosek Z, Bernini C, Federico A, Blackburn D, Logroscino G, Scarmeas N. Biomarker Testing: Piercing the Fog of Alzheimer's and Related Dementia. Biomed Hub 2021; 5:19-40. [PMID: 33564663 DOI: 10.1159/000511233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementia is one of the growing threats to the sustainability of health and care systems in developed countries, and efforts to find therapies have had scant success. The main reasons for this are lack of efficient therapy, which is linked to too late discovery of the disease itself. With this in mind, biomarkers are recognised as an element which can bring a major contribution to research, helping elucidate the disease and the search for treatments. They are also playing an increasing role in early detection and timely diagnosis, which are considered the principal hopes of effective management in the absence of an effective drug. The current arsenal of biomarkers could already, if more widely deployed, provide an effective minimum service to patients and health systems. A concerted action by policy makers and stakeholders could drive progress in access to AD biomarker testing to provide an optimum service in the medium term. This paper discusses how to improve the use of and access to biomarker testing in the detection and diagnosis of AD and other diseases featuring dementia, and how EU healthcare systems could benefit. It outlines the challenges, lists the achievements to date, and highlights the actions needed to allow biomarker testing to deliver more fully on their potential in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Horgan
- European Alliance for Personalised Medicine, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Flavio Nobili
- Department of Neuroscience (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Charlotte Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Lab, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timo Grimmer
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University on Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dinko Mitrecic
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | | | - Chiara Bernini
- European Alliance for Personalised Medicine, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Nikos Scarmeas
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
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23
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Bentea E, Villers A, Moore C, Funk AJ, O’Donovan SM, Verbruggen L, Lara O, Janssen P, De Pauw L, Declerck NB, DePasquale EAK, Churchill MJ, Sato H, Hermans E, Arckens L, Meshul CK, Ris L, McCullumsmith RE, Massie A. Corticostriatal dysfunction and social interaction deficits in mice lacking the cystine/glutamate antiporter. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:4754-4769. [PMID: 32366950 PMCID: PMC7609546 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0751-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The astrocytic cystine/glutamate antiporter system xc- represents an important source of extracellular glutamate in the central nervous system, with potential impact on excitatory neurotransmission. Yet, its function and importance in brain physiology remain incompletely understood. Employing slice electrophysiology and mice with a genetic deletion of the specific subunit of system xc-, xCT (xCT-/- mice), we uncovered decreased neurotransmission at corticostriatal synapses. This effect was partly mitigated by replenishing extracellular glutamate levels, indicating a defect linked with decreased extracellular glutamate availability. We observed no changes in the morphology of striatal medium spiny neurons, the density of dendritic spines, or the density or ultrastructure of corticostriatal synapses, indicating that the observed functional defects are not due to morphological or structural abnormalities. By combining electron microscopy with glutamate immunogold labeling, we identified decreased intracellular glutamate density in presynaptic terminals, presynaptic mitochondria, and in dendritic spines of xCT-/- mice. A proteomic and kinomic screen of the striatum of xCT-/- mice revealed decreased expression of presynaptic proteins and abnormal kinase network signaling, that may contribute to the observed changes in postsynaptic responses. Finally, these corticostriatal deregulations resulted in a behavioral phenotype suggestive of autism spectrum disorder in the xCT-/- mice; in tests sensitive to corticostriatal functioning we recorded increased repetitive digging behavior and decreased sociability. To conclude, our findings show that system xc- plays a previously unrecognized role in regulating corticostriatal neurotransmission and influences social preference and repetitive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Bentea
- grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Neuro-Aging & Viro-Immunotherapy, Center for Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Agnès Villers
- grid.8364.90000 0001 2184 581XDepartment of Neurosciences, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Cynthia Moore
- grid.410404.50000 0001 0165 2383Research Services, Neurocytology Laboratory, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, OR USA
| | - Adam J. Funk
- grid.267337.40000 0001 2184 944XDepartment of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH USA
| | - Sinead M. O’Donovan
- grid.267337.40000 0001 2184 944XDepartment of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH USA
| | - Lise Verbruggen
- grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Neuro-Aging & Viro-Immunotherapy, Center for Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olaya Lara
- grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Neuro-Aging & Viro-Immunotherapy, Center for Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pauline Janssen
- grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Neuro-Aging & Viro-Immunotherapy, Center for Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laura De Pauw
- grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Neuro-Aging & Viro-Immunotherapy, Center for Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Noemi B. Declerck
- grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Neuro-Aging & Viro-Immunotherapy, Center for Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Erica A. K. DePasquale
- grid.239573.90000 0000 9025 8099Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA ,grid.24827.3b0000 0001 2179 9593Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Madeline J. Churchill
- grid.410404.50000 0001 0165 2383Research Services, Neurocytology Laboratory, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, OR USA
| | - Hideyo Sato
- grid.260975.f0000 0001 0671 5144Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Emmanuel Hermans
- grid.7942.80000 0001 2294 713XInstitute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lutgarde Arckens
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven—University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Charles K. Meshul
- grid.410404.50000 0001 0165 2383Research Services, Neurocytology Laboratory, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, OR USA ,grid.5288.70000 0000 9758 5690Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - Laurence Ris
- grid.8364.90000 0001 2184 581XDepartment of Neurosciences, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Robert E. McCullumsmith
- grid.267337.40000 0001 2184 944XDepartment of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH USA
| | - Ann Massie
- Neuro-Aging & Viro-Immunotherapy, Center for Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.
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24
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Lechien JR, Chiesa-Estomba CM, De Siati DR, Horoi M, Le Bon SD, Rodriguez A, Dequanter D, Blecic S, El Afia F, Distinguin L, Chekkoury-Idrissi Y, Hans S, Delgado IL, Calvo-Henriquez C, Lavigne P, Falanga C, Barillari MR, Cammaroto G, Khalife M, Leich P, Souchay C, Rossi C, Journe F, Hsieh J, Edjlali M, Carlier R, Ris L, Lovato A, De Filippis C, Coppee F, Fakhry N, Ayad T, Saussez S. Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions as a clinical presentation of mild-to-moderate forms of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a multicenter European study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 277:2251-2261. [PMID: 32253535 PMCID: PMC7134551 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-020-05965-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1648] [Impact Index Per Article: 412.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the occurrence of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions in patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection. METHODS Patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection were recruited from 12 European hospitals. The following epidemiological and clinical outcomes have been studied: age, sex, ethnicity, comorbidities, and general and otolaryngological symptoms. Patients completed olfactory and gustatory questionnaires based on the smell and taste component of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, and the short version of the Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders-Negative Statements (sQOD-NS). RESULTS A total of 417 mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients completed the study (263 females). The most prevalent general symptoms consisted of cough, myalgia, and loss of appetite. Face pain and nasal obstruction were the most disease-related otolaryngological symptoms. 85.6% and 88.0% of patients reported olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions, respectively. There was a significant association between both disorders (p < 0.001). Olfactory dysfunction (OD) appeared before the other symptoms in 11.8% of cases. The sQO-NS scores were significantly lower in patients with anosmia compared with normosmic or hyposmic individuals (p = 0.001). Among the 18.2% of patients without nasal obstruction or rhinorrhea, 79.7% were hyposmic or anosmic. The early olfactory recovery rate was 44.0%. Females were significantly more affected by olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions than males (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Olfactory and gustatory disorders are prevalent symptoms in European COVID-19 patients, who may not have nasal symptoms. The sudden anosmia or ageusia need to be recognized by the international scientific community as important symptoms of the COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome R Lechien
- COVID-19 Task Force of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France.
- Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), Mons, Belgium.
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), Paris, France.
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, CHU de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, School of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Carlos M Chiesa-Estomba
- COVID-19 Task Force of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Daniele R De Siati
- COVID-19 Task Force of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, CHU Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mihaela Horoi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, CHU de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, School of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Serge D Le Bon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, CHU de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, School of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alexandra Rodriguez
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, CHU de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, School of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Didier Dequanter
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, CHU de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, School of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Serge Blecic
- Department of Neurology, EpiCURA Hospital, Ath, Belgium
| | - Fahd El Afia
- COVID-19 Task Force of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), Paris, France
| | - Lea Distinguin
- COVID-19 Task Force of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), Paris, France
| | - Younes Chekkoury-Idrissi
- COVID-19 Task Force of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Hans
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), Paris, France
| | - Irene Lopez Delgado
- COVID-19 Task Force of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Quironsalud Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Christian Calvo-Henriquez
- COVID-19 Task Force of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France
- Department of Otolaryngology-Hospital Complex of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Philippe Lavigne
- COVID-19 Task Force of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Chiara Falanga
- COVID-19 Task Force of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France
- Division of Phoniatrics and Audiology, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of L. Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Barillari
- COVID-19 Task Force of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France
- Division of Phoniatrics and Audiology, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of L. Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cammaroto
- COVID-19 Task Force of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Morgagni Pierantoni Hospital, Forli, Italy
| | - Mohamad Khalife
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, EpiCURA Hospital, Baudour, Belgium
| | - Pierre Leich
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHU Ambroise Paré, Mons, Belgium
| | - Christel Souchay
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHU Ambroise Paré, Mons, Belgium
| | - Camelia Rossi
- Division of Infectious Disease, CHU Ambroise-Paré, Mons, Belgium
| | - Fabrice Journe
- Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), Mons, Belgium
| | - Julien Hsieh
- COVID-19 Task Force of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France
- Rhinology-Olfactology Unit, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Myriam Edjlali
- Department of Neuroradiology, Université Paris-Descartes-Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, IMABRAIN-INSERM-UMR1266, DHU-Neurovasc, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Paris, France
- Department of Radiology, APHP, Hôpitaux R. Poincaré-Ambroise Paré, DMU Smart Imaging, GH Université Paris-Saclay, U 1179 UVSQ/Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Robert Carlier
- Department of Radiology, APHP, Hôpitaux R. Poincaré-Ambroise Paré, DMU Smart Imaging, GH Université Paris-Saclay, U 1179 UVSQ/Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Ris
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), Mons, Belgium
| | - Andrea Lovato
- Department of Neuroscience, Audiology Unit, Padova University, Treviso, Italy
| | - Cosimo De Filippis
- Department of Neuroscience, Audiology Unit, Padova University, Treviso, Italy
| | - Frederique Coppee
- Department of Metabolic and Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), Mons, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Fakhry
- COVID-19 Task Force of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, APHM, Aix Marseille University, La Conception University Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Tareck Ayad
- COVID-19 Task Force of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sven Saussez
- COVID-19 Task Force of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France
- Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), Mons, Belgium
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, CHU de Bruxelles, CHU Saint-Pierre, School of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, EpiCURA Hospital, Baudour, Belgium
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25
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Lechien JR, Chiesa-Estomba CM, De Siati DR, Horoi M, Le Bon SD, Rodriguez A, Dequanter D, Blecic S, El Afia F, Distinguin L, Chekkoury-Idrissi Y, Hans S, Delgado IL, Calvo-Henriquez C, Lavigne P, Falanga C, Barillari MR, Cammaroto G, Khalife M, Leich P, Souchay C, Rossi C, Journe F, Hsieh J, Edjlali M, Carlier R, Ris L, Lovato A, De Filippis C, Coppee F, Fakhry N, Ayad T, Saussez S. Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions as a clinical presentation of mild-to-moderate forms of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a multicenter European study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-020-05965-1 order by 8029-- #] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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26
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Pierrot N, Ris L, Stancu IC, Doshina A, Ribeiro F, Tyteca D, Baugé E, Lalloyer F, Malong L, Schakman O, Leroy K, Kienlen-Campard P, Gailly P, Brion JP, Dewachter I, Staels B, Octave JN. Sex-regulated gene dosage effect of PPARα on synaptic plasticity. Life Sci Alliance 2019; 2:2/2/e201800262. [PMID: 30894406 PMCID: PMC6427998 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201800262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Differences in PPARα expression between males and females affect the regulation of GluA1 expression and synaptic plasticity in mice. Mechanisms driving cognitive improvements following nuclear receptor activation are poorly understood. The peroxisome proliferator–activated nuclear receptor alpha (PPARα) forms heterodimers with the nuclear retinoid X receptor (RXR). We report that PPARα mediates the improvement of hippocampal synaptic plasticity upon RXR activation in a transgenic mouse model with cognitive deficits. This improvement results from an increase in GluA1 subunit expression of the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor, eliciting an AMPA response at the excitatory synapses. Associated with a two times higher PPARα expression in males than in females, we show that male, but not female, PPARα null mutants display impaired hippocampal long-term potentiation. Moreover, PPARα knockdown in the hippocampus of cognition-impaired mice compromises the beneficial effects of RXR activation on synaptic plasticity only in males. Furthermore, selective PPARα activation with pemafibrate improves synaptic plasticity in male cognition-impaired mice, but not in females. We conclude that striking sex differences in hippocampal synaptic plasticity are observed in mice, related to differences in PPARα expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Pierrot
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium .,Institute of Neuroscience, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Ris
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Health Institute, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Ilie-Cosmin Stancu
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute of Neuroscience, Brussels, Belgium.,Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Anna Doshina
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute of Neuroscience, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Floriane Ribeiro
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute of Neuroscience, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Donatienne Tyteca
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,de Duve Institute, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eric Baugé
- Université de Lille EGID, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Fanny Lalloyer
- Université de Lille EGID, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Liza Malong
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute of Neuroscience, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Schakman
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute of Neuroscience, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karelle Leroy
- Laboratory of Histology and Neuropathology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pascal Kienlen-Campard
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute of Neuroscience, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe Gailly
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute of Neuroscience, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Pierre Brion
- Laboratory of Histology and Neuropathology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ilse Dewachter
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute of Neuroscience, Brussels, Belgium.,Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Bart Staels
- Université de Lille EGID, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Noël Octave
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute of Neuroscience, Brussels, Belgium
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Brunois C, Ris L. How can anti-GAD65 antibodies affect learning and memory in mice? Front Neurosci 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2019.96.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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28
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Lara O, Bentea E, Villers A, Moore C, Funk A, O'Donovan S, Verbruggen L, De Pauw L, Depasquale E, Churchill M, Sato H, Ris L, Meshul C, McCullumsmith R, Massie A. The cystine/glutamate antiporter system xc- as modulator of corticostriatal neurotransmission. Front Neurosci 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2019.96.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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29
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Verbruggen L, Bentea E, Agnes V, Lara O, Ates G, De Bundel D, Sato H, Ris L, Massie A. System xc- deficiency extends life-span and prevents age-related hippocampal dysfunction in mice. Front Neurosci 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2019.96.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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30
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Wauters M, Verstraelen P, García-Díaz Barriga G, Leroy B, Delporte C, Coppée F, Van Antwerpen P, Wattiez R, De Vos W, Ris L. Toxicity assessment of the hyperphosphorylated Tau protein on the neuronal network connectivity. Front Neurosci 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2019.96.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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31
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Leo D, Espinoza S, Villers A, Gainetdinov R, Ris L. Trace amine associate receptor 1 (TAAR1) as a new target for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer disease. Front Neurosci 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2019.96.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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32
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Latragna A, Vermeiren S, Tsimpos P, Ris L, Bellefroid E. The role of Prdm12 in adult nociceptors. Front Neurosci 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2019.96.00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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33
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Procès A, Lantoine J, Gabriele S, Ris L. The beneficial and harmful effects of glial cells on neuronal connectivity in in vitro models of traumatic brain injury. Front Neurosci 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2019.96.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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34
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Aro R, Diallo A, Pichueque M, Wauters M, Nachtergael A, Ris L, Duez P, Manto M. A 3D neurons model to evaluate the neurotoxicity of harmane, a β carboline alkaloid incriminated in Essential Tremor. Front Neurosci 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2019.96.00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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35
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Valentini X, Deneufbourg P, Paci P, Rugira P, Laurent S, Frau A, Stanicki D, Ris L, Nonclercq D. Morphological alterations induced by the exposure to TiO 2 nanoparticles in primary cortical neuron cultures and in the brain of rats. Toxicol Rep 2018; 5:878-889. [PMID: 30175048 PMCID: PMC6118103 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, nanoparticles (NPs) of titanium dioxide (TiO2) are abundantly produced. TiO2 NPs are present in various food products, in paints, cosmetics, sunscreens and toothpastes. However, the toxicity of TiO2 NPs on the central nervous system has been poorly investigated until now. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of TiO2 NPs on the central nervous system in vitro and in vivo. In cell cultures derived from embryonic cortical brain of rats, a significant decrease in neuroblasts was observed after 24 to 96 h of incubation with TiO2 NPs (5 to 20 μg/ml). This phenomenon resulted from an inhibition of neuroblast proliferation and a concomitant increase in apoptosis. In the same time, a gliosis, characterized by an increase in proliferation of astrocytes and the hypertrophy of microglial cells, occurred. The phagocytosis of TiO2 NPs by microgliocytes was also observed. In vivo, after intraperitoneal injection, the TiO2 NPs reached the brain through the blood brain barrier and the nanoparticles promoted various histological injuries such as cellular lysis, neuronal apoptosis, and inflammation. A reduction of astrocyte population was observed in some brain area such as plexiform zone, cerebellum and subependymal area. An oxidative stress was also detected by immunohistochemistry in neurons of hippocampus, cerebellum and in subependymal area. In conclusion, our study demonstrated clearly the toxic impact of TiO2 NPs on rat brain and neuronal cells and pointed about not yet referenced toxicity impacts of TiO2 such as the reduction of neuroblast proliferation both in vitro and in vivo.
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Key Words
- 4-HNE, 4-hydroxynonenal
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- BBB, blood-brain barrier
- Brain
- BrdU, 5-Bromo-2′-deoxyuridine
- CNS, central nervous system
- Cell culture
- DLS, dynamic light scattering
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein
- HBSS, Hank's balanced salt solution
- IL-10, interleukin-10
- IL-1β, interleukin-1β
- IP, intraperitoneal
- MAP2, microtubule-associated protein 2
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- NMDA, N-methyl-D-aspartate
- NO, nitric oxide
- NOS, nitric oxide synthase
- NPs, nanoparticles
- Nanoparticles
- Oxidative stress
- Proliferation
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SEM, standard error of the mean
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Valentini
- Laboratory of Histology, University of Mons, Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23, Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Pauline Deneufbourg
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, University of Mons, Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23, Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Paula Paci
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, University of Mons, Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23, Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Pascaline Rugira
- Laboratory of Histology, University of Mons, Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23, Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Sophie Laurent
- Laboratory of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23, Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Annica Frau
- Laboratory of Histology, University of Mons, Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23, Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Dimitri Stanicki
- Laboratory of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23, Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Laurence Ris
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, University of Mons, Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23, Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Denis Nonclercq
- Laboratory of Histology, University of Mons, Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23, Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
- Corresponding author at: 6, Avenue du Champ de Mars, Mons, 7000, Belgium.
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36
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Boucherie C, Boutin C, Jossin Y, Schakman O, Goffinet AM, Ris L, Gailly P, Tissir F. Neural progenitor fate decision defects, cortical hypoplasia and behavioral impairment in Celsr1-deficient mice. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:723-734. [PMID: 29257130 PMCID: PMC5822457 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The development of the cerebral cortex is a tightly regulated process that relies on exquisitely coordinated actions of intrinsic and extrinsic cues. Here, we show that the communication between forebrain meninges and apical neural progenitor cells (aNPC) is essential to cortical development, and that the basal compartment of aNPC is key to this communication process. We found that Celsr1, a cadherin of the adhesion G protein coupled receptor family, controls branching of aNPC basal processes abutting the meninges and thereby regulates retinoic acid (RA)-dependent neurogenesis. Loss-of-function of Celsr1 results in a decreased number of endfeet, modifies RA-dependent transcriptional activity and biases aNPC commitment toward self-renewal at the expense of basal progenitor and neuron production. The mutant cortex has a reduced number of neurons, and Celsr1 mutant mice exhibit microcephaly and behavioral abnormalities. Our results uncover an important role for Celsr1 protein and for the basal compartment of neural progenitor cells in fate decision during the development of the cerebral cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Boucherie
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience, Developmental Neurobiology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - C Boutin
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience, Developmental Neurobiology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Y Jossin
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience, Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - O Schakman
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience, Cell Physiology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A M Goffinet
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience, Developmental Neurobiology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - L Ris
- Neuroscience Unit Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - P Gailly
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience, Cell Physiology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Tissir
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Neuroscience, Developmental Neurobiology, Brussels, Belgium
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37
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Wauters M, Leroy B, Coppée F, Ris L. Internalisation and toxic effects resulting from the addition of extracellular hyperphosphorylated monomeric Tau. Front Neurosci 2018. [DOI: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2018.95.00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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38
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Pierrot N, Ris L, Stancu IC, Leroy K, Kienlen-Campard P, Gailly P, Brion JP, Dewachter I, Octave JN. Improvement of synaptic plasticity by pharmacological activation of RXR nuclear receptors is PPARα dependent. Front Neurosci 2018. [DOI: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2018.95.00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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39
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PIERROT N, Ris L, STANCU ICSTANCU, Leroy K, Kienlen-Campard P, Gailly P, Brion JP, Dewachter I, Octave JN. Improvement of synaptic plasticity by pharmacological activation of RXR nuclear receptors is PPARα dependent. Front Neurosci 2018. [DOI: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2018.95.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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40
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Brunois C, Ris L. Effects of GAD65 specific antibodies in the hippocampus in a mouse model. Front Neurosci 2018. [DOI: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2018.95.00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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41
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Houyoux N, Wattiez R, Ris L. A proteomic analysis of contextual fear conditioned rats reveals dynamic modifications in neuron and oligodendrocyte protein expression in the dentate gyrus. Eur J Neurosci 2017; 46:2177-2189. [PMID: 28833751 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Contextual memory is an intricate process involving synaptic plasticity and network rearrangement. Both are governed by many molecular processes including phosphorylation and modulation of protein expression. However, little is known about the molecules involved in it. Here, we exploited the advantages of a quantitative proteomic approach to identify a great number of molecules in the rat dentate gyrus after a contextual fear conditioning session. Our results allowed us to highlight protein expression patterns, not only related to neuroplasticity, but also to myelin structure, such as myelin basic protein and myelin proteolipid protein showing a decrease in expression. Validation of the modification in protein expression reveals a dynamic profile during the 48 h following the fear conditioning session. The expression of proteins involved in neurite outgrowth, such as BASP-1 and calcineurin B1, and in synaptic structure and function, VAMP2 and RAB3C, was increased in the dentate gyrus of rats submitted to fear conditioning compared to controls. We showed that the increase in BASP-1 protein was specific to fear conditioning learning as it was not present in immediate-shock rats, neither in rats exposed to a novel environment without being shocked. As myelin is known to stabilise synaptic network, the decrease in myelin proteins suggests a neuroglia interactive process taking place in the dentate gyrus in the 24 h following contextual fear learning, which has never been demonstrated before. These results therefore open the way to the study of new plasticity mechanisms underlying learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Houyoux
- Proteomics and Microbiology Department, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Ruddy Wattiez
- Proteomics and Microbiology Department, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Laurence Ris
- Department of Neuroscience, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, 20 Place du Parc, 7000, Mons, Belgium
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Paci P, Gabriele S, Ris L. A new method allowing long-term potentiation recordings in hippocampal organotypic slices. Brain Behav 2017; 7:e00692. [PMID: 28523233 PMCID: PMC5434196 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hippocampal organotypic slices are used to improve the understanding of synaptic plasticity mechanisms because they allow longer term studies compared to acute slices. However, it is more delicate to keep cultures alive in the recording system outside in vitro conditions. Experiments from the organotypic cultures are common but the handling of slices is rarely described in the literature, even though tissue preservation is crucial. Instruments are sometimes required to extract the slices from the culture inserts but this approach is delicate and can lead to damage, given how strongly the slices are attached to the insert. METHODS A new configuration is proposed to secure the transfer of slices from the incubator to the recording chamber through an adaptor piece that can be designed for any model of chamber and/or insert. The adaptor is a Plexiglas ring in which a culture insert containing the slice can be easily introduced and stabilized. This system allows slices to be placed in the interface for electrophysiological investigations without having to detach them from the insert. That way, no damage is caused and the recording system can safely hold the slices, maintaining them close to culture conditions. RESULTS In addition to the description of the adaptation system, slices were characterized. Their viability was validated and microglial expression was observed. According to the experimental conditions, neuroprotective ramified microgliocytes are present. Dendritic spines studies were also performed to determine neuronal network maturity in culture. Moreover, SKF 83822 hydrobromide and three trains of 100 pulses at 100 Hz with a 10-min inter-train interval are suggested to induce long-term potentiation and to record an increase of fEPSP amplitude and slope. CONCLUSION This paper provides detailed information on the preparation and characterization of hippocampal organotypic slices, a new recording configuration more suitable for cultures, and a long-term potentiation protocol combining SKF and trains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Paci
- Neuroscience Unit Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology University of Mons - UMONS Mons Belgium
| | - Sylvain Gabriele
- Mechanobiology & Soft Matter Group Interfaces and Complex Fluids Laboratory Research Institute for Biosciences University of Mons - UMONS Mons Belgium
| | - Laurence Ris
- Neuroscience Unit Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology University of Mons - UMONS Mons Belgium
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Rinchon A, Villers A, Ris L. The hippocampus during EAE: the impact of neuroinflammation and the influence of gender on immune responses. Front Neurosci 2017. [DOI: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2017.94.00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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44
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Bentea E, Moore C, Churchill M, Villers A, Hood R, Deneyer L, Verbruggen L, Albertini G, Sato H, Ris L, Meshul C, Massie A. Pre- and postsynaptic changes at cortico-striatal synapses in xCT deficient mice. Front Neurosci 2017. [DOI: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2017.94.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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45
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Brunois C, Paci P, Ris L. Effects of b78 and b96.11 anti-GAD65 antibodies on synaptic plasticity and inflammatory state of the hippocampus thanks to an in vivo model. Front Neurosci 2017. [DOI: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2017.94.00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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46
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Pochet R, Van Roost D, Ris L, Schoenen J, Van Der Straten C, Le Roy L, Franco G. The Belgian Brain Council: A platform for advocacy. Front Neurosci 2017. [DOI: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2017.94.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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47
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Gloire M, Colet JM, Ris L. Reciprocal influence between APP expression and glucose metabolism in the hippocampus. Front Neurosci 2017. [DOI: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2017.94.00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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48
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Jensen CJ, Demol F, Bauwens R, Kooijman R, Massie A, Villers A, Ris L, De Keyser J. Astrocytic β2 Adrenergic Receptor Gene Deletion Affects Memory in Aged Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164721. [PMID: 27776147 PMCID: PMC5077086 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro and in vivo studies suggest that the astrocytic adrenergic signalling enhances glycogenolysis which provides energy to be transported to nearby cells and in the form of lactate. This energy source is important for motor and cognitive functioning. While it is suspected that the β2-adrenergic receptor on astrocytes might contribute to this energy balance, it has not yet been shown conclusively in vivo. Inducible astrocyte specific β2-adrenergic receptor knock-out mice were generated by crossing homozygous β2-adrenergic receptor floxed mice (Adrb2flox) and mice with heterozygous tamoxifen-inducible Cre recombinase-expression driven by the astrocyte specific L-glutamate/L-aspartate transporter promoter (GLAST-CreERT2). Assessments using the modified SHIRPA (SmithKline/Harwell/Imperial College/Royal Hospital/Phenotype Assessment) test battery, swimming ability test, and accelerating rotarod test, performed at 1, 2 and 4 weeks, 6 and 12 months after tamoxifen (or vehicle) administration did not reveal any differences in physical health or motor functions between the knock-out mice and controls. However deficits were found in the cognitive ability of aged, but not young adult mice, reflected in impaired learning in the Morris Water Maze. Similarly, long-term potentiation (LTP) was impaired in hippocampal brain slices of aged knock-out mice maintained in low glucose media. Using microdialysis in cerebellar white matter we found no significant differences in extracellular lactate or glucose between the young adult knock-out mice and controls, although trends were detected. Our results suggest that β2-adrenergic receptor expression on astrocytes in mice may be important for maintaining cognitive health at advanced age, but is dispensable for motor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathy Joanna Jensen
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Brussels and Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Neurobiology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Frauke Demol
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Brussels and Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Romy Bauwens
- Center for Neurosiences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ron Kooijman
- Center for Neurosiences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ann Massie
- Center for Neurosiences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Agnès Villers
- Department of Neuroscience, Health, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Laurence Ris
- Department of Neuroscience, Health, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Jacques De Keyser
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Brussels and Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Abstract
Long-term potentiation (LTP) remains the most widely accepted model for learning and memory. In accordance with this belief, the temporal differentiation of LTP into early and late phases is accepted as reflecting the differentiation of short-term and long-term memory. Moreover, during the past 30 years, protein synthesis inhibitors have been used to separate the early, protein synthesis-independent (E-LTP) phase and the late, protein synthesis-dependent (L-LTP) phase. However, the role of these proteins has not been formally identified. Additionally, several reports failed to show an effect of protein synthesis inhibitors on LTP. In this review, a detailed analysis of extensive behavioral and electrophysiological data reveals that the presumed correspondence of LTP temporal phases to memory phases is neither experimentally nor theoretically consistent. Moreover, an overview of the time courses of E-LTP in hippocampal slices reveals a wide variability ranging from <1 h to more than 5 h. The existence of all these conflictual findings should lead to a new vision of LTP. We believe that the E-LTP vs. L-LTP distinction, established with protein synthesis inhibitor studies, reflects a false dichotomy. We suggest that the duration of LTP and its dependency on protein synthesis are related to the availability of a set of proteins at synapses and not to the de novo synthesis of plasticity-related proteins. This availability is determined by protein turnover kinetics, which is regulated by previous and ongoing electrical activities and by energy store availability.
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Lantoine J, Grevesse T, Villers A, Delhaye G, Mestdagh C, Versaevel M, Mohammed D, Bruyère C, Alaimo L, Lacour SP, Ris L, Gabriele S. Matrix stiffness modulates formation and activity of neuronal networks of controlled architectures. Biomaterials 2016; 89:14-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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