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Qi F, Yan Y, Lv Q, Liu M, Liu M, Li F, Deng R, Liang X, Li S, Mou G, Bao L. IL-37 possesses both anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection. Animal Model Exp Med 2024. [PMID: 38803038 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim was to elucidate the function of IL-37 in middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection, thereby providing a novel therapeutic strategy for managing the clinical treatment of inflammatory response caused by respiratory virus infection. METHODS We investigated the development of MERS by infecting hDPP4 mice with hCoV-EMC (107 TCID50 [50% tissue culture infectious dose]) intranasally. We infected A549 cells with MERS-CoV, which concurrently interfered with IL-37, detecting the viral titer, viral load, and cytokine expression at certain points postinfection. Meanwhile, we administered IL-37 (12.5 μg/kg) intravenously to hDPP4 mice 2 h after MERS-CoV-2 infection and collected the serum and lungs 5 days after infection to investigate the efficacy of IL-37 in MERS-CoV infection. RESULTS The viral titer of MERS-CoV-infected A549 cells interfering with IL-37 was significantly reduced by 4.7-fold, and the viral load of MERS-CoV-infected hDPP4 mice was decreased by 59-fold in lung tissue. Furthermore, the administration of IL-37 suppressed inflammatory cytokine and chemokine (monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, interferon-γ, and IL-17A) expression and ameliorated the infiltration of inflammatory cells in hDPP4 mice. CONCLUSION IL-37 exhibits protective properties in severe pneumonia induced by MERS-CoV infection. This effect is achieved through attenuation of lung viral load, suppression of inflammatory cytokine secretion, reduction in inflammatory cell infiltration, and mitigation of pulmonary injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Animal Model, Beijing, China
| | - Yiwei Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Lv
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Animal Model, Beijing, China
| | - Mingya Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing, China
| | - Fengdi Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Animal Model, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Deng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Animal Model, Beijing, China
| | - Xujian Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Animal Model, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyue Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing, China
| | - Guocui Mou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Bao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Animal Model, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Beijing, China
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Igyártó BZ, Qin Z. The mRNA-LNP vaccines - the good, the bad and the ugly? Front Immunol 2024; 15:1336906. [PMID: 38390323 PMCID: PMC10883065 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1336906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The mRNA-LNP vaccine has received much attention during the COVID-19 pandemic since it served as the basis of the most widely used SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in Western countries. Based on early clinical trial data, these vaccines were deemed safe and effective for all demographics. However, the latest data raise serious concerns about the safety and effectiveness of these vaccines. Here, we review some of the safety and efficacy concerns identified to date. We also discuss the potential mechanism of observed adverse events related to the use of these vaccines and whether they can be mitigated by alterations of this vaccine mechanism approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Botond Z. Igyártó
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Zhao Z, Han X, You Y, Zhang J, Nie K, Ji Y. Prognostic Factors and Outcomes in Advanced Stage Lung Cancer Patients with COVID-19 Omicron Variant Infection. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:5947-5953. [PMID: 38115968 PMCID: PMC10729604 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s436917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We study the characteristics and outcomes in lung cancer patients with COVID-19 Omicron variant infection. Methods Hospitalized lung cancer patients with advanced-stage disease and laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 Omicron infection were included. Pneumonitis involving at least 25% of lung parenchyma on CT scans, accompanied by symptoms and oxygen saturation below 93%, were criteria for enrollment. Pneumonitis severity was graded using CTCAE v5.0. Treatment included Paxlovid, prednisolone, anticoagulation, and ventilation. Initial data, radiographic findings, and outcomes were compared. Logistic regression was employed to determine risk factors for in-hospital mortality. Results Fifteen patients (median age: 65 years; 80.0% males) were included. 73.3% improved and were discharged, 20.0% died, and 6.7% remained intubated. Initial symptoms included cough (100.0%), fever (73.3%), and shortness of breath (53.3%). Symptoms resolved in discharged patients. Median fever duration was 3.5 days, and respiratory symptom recovery took 26 days. Three patients died due to respiratory failure from Omicron pneumonia. Lower oxygen saturation, reduced lymphocyte/neutrophil ratio on day 7, and diffuse bilateral lung lesions were poor prognostic factors. Conclusion This study underscores the importance of prompt intervention and early diagnosis for lung cancer patients infected with the COVID-19 Omicron variant. Lower oxygen saturation, decreased lymphocyte/neutrophil ratio on day 7, and diffuse lung lesions on CT scans were associated with worse outcomes. Clinicians should prioritize timely and comprehensive management to improve survival rates in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimei Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Hospital, Qingdao City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang Han
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Hospital, Qingdao City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunhong You
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Hospital, Qingdao City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiankang Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Keke Nie
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Hospital, Qingdao City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youxin Ji
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Hospital, Qingdao City, People’s Republic of China
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Ma Y, Zhang P, Hou M. Association of hypernatremia with mortality in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e1109. [PMID: 38156387 PMCID: PMC10714304 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic worldwide has caused varying degrees of severity of lung damage in patients, with acute respiratory distress and death in severe cases. However, this is not directly caused by the virus itself, but by the production of inflammasome by monocytes in the body, leading to a systemic inflammatory response, which results in a very poor clinical prognosis for patients with COVID-19. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this meta-analysis was to look at the relationship between hypernatremia and mortality in COVID-19 patients. METHODS We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane databases for articles published from the inception of the database until August 27, 2022. Three researchers reviewed the literature, retrieved data, and assessed the quality of the literature, respectively. A meta-analysis was performed using State 17 software to assess the value of the effect of hypernatremia on mortality in patients with new coronavirus pneumonia. RESULTS A total of nine publications was finally included in this study, including a total of 11,801 patients with COVID-19, including 1278 in the hypernatremia group and 10,523 in the normonatremia group. Meta-analysis showed that hypernatremia was associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 [OR = 4.15, 95% CI (2.95-5.84), p = .002, I² = 66.7%] with a sensitivity of 0.36 [0.26, 0.48] and a specificity of 0.88 [0.83, 0.91]. The posterior probability of mortality was 42% in patients with COVID-19 hypernatremia and 15% in patients who did not have COVID-19 hypernatremia. CONCLUSION According to available data, hypernatremia is associated with death in patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhi Ma
- Qinghai University Affiliated HospitalXiningChina
| | | | - Ming Hou
- Qinghai University Affiliated HospitalXiningChina
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