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Galgoczi E, Molnar Z, Katko M, Ujhelyi B, Steiber Z, Nagy EV. Cyclosporin A inhibits PDGF-BB induced hyaluronan synthesis in orbital fibroblasts. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 396:111045. [PMID: 38729283 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Orbital connective tissue changes are contributors to the pathogenesis in thyroid eye disease (TED). Activated fibroblasts respond to immune stimuli with proliferation and increased hyaluronan (HA) production. Cyclosporin A (CsA) was reported to be beneficial in the treatment of TED. PDGF isoforms are increased in orbital tissue of TED patients and enhance HA production. We aimed to study the effect of CsA on HA production and hyaluronan synthase (HAS1, 2 and 3) and hyaluronidase (HYAL1 and 2) mRNA expressions in orbital fibroblasts (OFs). Measurements were performed in the presence or absence of CsA (10 μM) in unstimulated or PDGF-BB (10 ng/ml) stimulated OFs. The HA production of TED OFs (n = 7) and NON-TED OFs (n = 6) were measured by ELISA. The levels of mRNA expressions were examined using RT-PCR. The proliferation rate and metabolic activity were measured by BrdU incorporation and MTT assays, respectively. Treatment with CsA resulted in an average 42% decrease in HA production of OFs (p < 0.0001). CsA decreased the expression levels of HAS2, HAS3 and HYAL2 (p = 0.005, p = 0.005 and p = 0.002, respectively.) PDGF-BB increased HA production (p < 0.001) and HAS2 expression (p = 0.004). CsA could reduce the PDGF-BB-stimulated HA production (p < 0.001) and HAS2 expression (p = 0.005) below the untreated level. In addition, CsA treatment caused a decrease in proliferation potential (p = 0.002) and metabolic activity (p < 0.0001). These findings point to the fact that CsA affects HA metabolism via HAS2, HAS3 and HYAL2 inhibition in OFs. In addition to its well characterized immunosuppressant properties, CsA's beneficial effect in TED may be related to its direct inhibitory effect on basal and growth factor stimulated HA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Galgoczi
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Hungary.
| | - Zsanett Molnar
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Hungary.
| | - Monika Katko
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Hungary.
| | - Bernadett Ujhelyi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Hungary.
| | - Zita Steiber
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Hungary.
| | - Endre V Nagy
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Hungary.
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2
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Donelan W, Brisbane W, O'Malley P, Crispen P, Kusmartsev S. Hyaluronan Metabolism in Urologic Cancers. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2300168. [PMID: 37615259 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is one of the major components of the extracellular matrix in tumor tissue. Recent reports have made it clear that the balance of HA synthesis and degradation is critical for tumor progression. HA is synthesized on the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane by hyaluronan synthases (HAS) and extruded into the extracellular space. Excessive HA production in cancer is associated with enhanced HA degradation in the tumor microenvironment, leading to the accumulation of HA fragments with small molecular weight. These perturbations in both HA synthesis and degradation may play important roles in tumor progression. Recently, it has become increasingly clear that small HA fragments can induce a variety of biological events, such as angiogenesis, cancer-promoting inflammation, and tumor-associated immune suppression. Progression of urologic malignancies, particularly of prostate and bladder cancers, as well as of certain types of kidney cancer show markedly perturbed metabolism of tumor-associated HA. This review highlights the recent research findings regarding HA metabolism in tumor microenvironments with a special focus on urologic cancers. It also will discuss the potential implications of these findings for the development of novel therapeutic interventions for the treatment of prostate, bladder, and kidney cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wayne Brisbane
- UCLA Medical Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | | | - Paul Crispen
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
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3
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Li N, Zhu Z, Deng Y, Tang R, Hui H, Kang Y, Rana TM. KIAA1429/VIRMA promotes breast cancer progression by m 6 A-dependent cytosolic HAS2 stabilization. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e55506. [PMID: 37705505 PMCID: PMC10561361 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202255506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A), the most abundant internal modification in eukaryotic mRNA, plays important roles in many physiological and pathological processes, including the development and progression of cancer. RNA modification by m6 A is regulated by methyltransferases, demethylases, and m6 A-binding proteins that function in large part by regulating mRNA expression and function. Here, we investigate the expression of m6 A regulatory proteins in breast cancer. We find that expression of KIAA1429/VIRMA, a component of the m6 A methyltransferase complex, is upregulated in breast cancer tissue and correlates positively with poor survival. KIAA1429/VIRMA is mislocalized to the cytosol of breast cancer tissues and cell lines, and shRNA-mediated knockdown inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Mechanistically, KIAA1429/VIRMA is shown to bind to the m6 A-dependent RNA-binding protein insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3), leading to recruitment and stabilization of m6 A-modified hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) mRNA. HAS2 mRNA and KIAA1429/VIRMA mRNA levels correlate positively in breast cancer tissues, suggesting that the KIAA1429/VIRMA-IGF2BP3-HAS2 axis promotes breast cancer growth and contributes to poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Program in Immunology, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology ProgramInstitute for Genomic MedicineLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Zhouting Zhu
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Program in Immunology, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology ProgramInstitute for Genomic MedicineLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Yufei Deng
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Program in Immunology, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology ProgramInstitute for Genomic MedicineLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Rachel Tang
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Program in Immunology, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology ProgramInstitute for Genomic MedicineLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Hui Hui
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Program in Immunology, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology ProgramInstitute for Genomic MedicineLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Yuqi Kang
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Program in Immunology, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology ProgramInstitute for Genomic MedicineLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Tariq M Rana
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Program in Immunology, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology ProgramInstitute for Genomic MedicineLa JollaCAUSA
- San Diego Center for Precision Immunotherapy, Moores Cancer CenterUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
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4
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Tavakoli S, Evans A, Oommen OP, Creemers L, Nandi JB, Hilborn J, Varghese OP. Unveiling extracellular matrix assembly: Insights and approaches through bioorthogonal chemistry. Mater Today Bio 2023; 22:100768. [PMID: 37600348 PMCID: PMC10432810 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Visualizing cells, tissues, and their components specifically without interference with cellular functions, such as biochemical reactions, and cellular viability remains important for biomedical researchers worldwide. For an improved understanding of disease progression, tissue formation during development, and tissue regeneration, labeling extracellular matrix (ECM) components secreted by cells persists is required. Bioorthogonal chemistry approaches offer solutions to visualizing and labeling ECM constituents without interfering with other chemical or biological events. Although biorthogonal chemistry has been studied extensively for several applications, this review summarizes the recent advancements in using biorthogonal chemistry specifically for metabolic labeling and visualization of ECM proteins and glycosaminoglycans that are secreted by cells and living tissues. Challenges, limitations, and future directions surrounding biorthogonal chemistry involved in the labeling of ECM components are discussed. Finally, potential solutions for improvements to biorthogonal chemical approaches are suggested. This would provide theoretical guidance for labeling and visualization of de novo proteins and polysaccharides present in ECM that are cell-secreted for example during tissue remodeling or in vitro differentiation of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Tavakoli
- Macromolecular Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry–Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 21, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Austin Evans
- Bioengineering and Nanomedicine Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technologies, Tampere University, 33720, Tampere, Finland
| | - Oommen P. Oommen
- Bioengineering and Nanomedicine Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technologies, Tampere University, 33720, Tampere, Finland
| | - Laura Creemers
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584, CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jharna Barman Nandi
- Department of Chemistry, Sarojini Naidu College for Women, 30 Jessore Road, Kolkata, 700028, India
| | - Jöns Hilborn
- Macromolecular Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry–Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 21, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Oommen P. Varghese
- Macromolecular Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry–Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 21, Uppsala, Sweden
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Parnigoni A, Moretto P, Viola M, Karousou E, Passi A, Vigetti D. Effects of Hyaluronan on Breast Cancer Aggressiveness. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3813. [PMID: 37568628 PMCID: PMC10417239 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in breast cancer cells is critical for determining tumor aggressiveness and targeting therapies. The presence of such receptors allows for the use of antagonists that effectively reduce breast cancer growth and dissemination. However, the absence of such receptors in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) reduces the possibility of targeted therapy, making these tumors very aggressive with a poor outcome. Cancers are not solely composed of tumor cells, but also include several types of infiltrating cells, such as fibroblasts, macrophages, and other immune cells that have critical functions in regulating cancer cell behaviors. In addition to these cells, the extracellular matrix (ECM) has become an important player in many aspects of breast cancer biology, including cell growth, motility, metabolism, and chemoresistance. Hyaluronan (HA) is a key ECM component that promotes cell proliferation and migration in several malignancies. Notably, HA accumulation in the tumor stroma is a negative prognostic factor in breast cancer. HA metabolism depends on the fine balance between HA synthesis by HA synthases and degradation yielded by hyaluronidases. All the different cell types present in the tumor can release HA in the ECM, and in this review, we will describe the role of HA and HA metabolism in different breast cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Davide Vigetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.P.); (P.M.); (M.V.); (E.K.); (A.P.)
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Wilczak M, Surman M, Przybyło M. Altered Glycosylation in Progression and Management of Bladder Cancer. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083436. [PMID: 37110670 PMCID: PMC10146225 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the 10th most common malignancy worldwide, with an estimated 573,000 new cases and 213,000 deaths in 2020. Available therapeutic approaches are still unable to reduce the incidence of BC metastasis and the high mortality rates of BC patients. Therefore, there is a need to deepen our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying BC progression to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic tools. One such mechanism is protein glycosylation. Numerous studies reported changes in glycan biosynthesis during neoplastic transformation, resulting in the appearance of the so-called tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) on the cell surface. TACAs affect a wide range of key biological processes, including tumor cell survival and proliferation, invasion and metastasis, induction of chronic inflammation, angiogenesis, immune evasion, and insensitivity to apoptosis. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current information on how altered glycosylation of bladder cancer cells promotes disease progression and to present the potential use of glycans for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Wilczak
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9 Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Prof. S. Łojasiewicza 11 Street, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Surman
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9 Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Przybyło
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9 Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
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Chen CG, Kapoor A, Xie C, Moss A, Vadigepalli R, Ricard-Blum S, Iozzo RV. Conditional expression of endorepellin in the tumor vasculature attenuates breast cancer growth, angiogenesis and hyaluronan deposition. Matrix Biol 2023; 118:92-109. [PMID: 36907428 PMCID: PMC10259220 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
The tumor stroma of most solid malignancies is characterized by a pathological accumulation of pro-angiogenic and pro-tumorigenic hyaluronan driving tumorigenesis and metastatic potential. Of all three hyaluronan synthase isoforms, HAS2 is the primary enzyme that promotes the build-up of tumorigenic HA in breast cancer. Previously, we discovered that endorepellin, the angiostatic C-terminal fragment of perlecan, evokes a catabolic mechanism targeting endothelial HAS2 and hyaluronan via autophagic induction. To explore the translational implications of endorepellin in breast cancer, we created a double transgenic, inducible Tie2CreERT2;endorepellin(ER)Ki mouse line that expresses recombinant endorepellin specifically from the endothelium. We investigated the therapeutic effects of recombinant endorepellin overexpression in an orthotopic, syngeneic breast cancer allograft mouse model. First, adenoviral delivery of Cre evoking intratumor expression of endorepellin in ERKi mice suppressed breast cancer growth, peritumor hyaluronan and angiogenesis. Moreover, tamoxifen-induced expression of recombinant endorepellin specifically from the endothelium in Tie2CreERT2;ERKi mice markedly suppressed breast cancer allograft growth, hyaluronan deposition in the tumor proper and perivascular tissues, and tumor angiogenesis. These results provide insight into the tumor suppressing activity of endorepellin at the molecular level and implicate endorepellin as a promising cancer protein therapy that targets hyaluronan in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn G Chen
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Aastha Kapoor
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Christopher Xie
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Alison Moss
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Rajanikanth Vadigepalli
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Sylvie Ricard-Blum
- Institute of Molecular and Supramolecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
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Role of Hyaluronic Acid in Selected Malignant Neoplasms in Women. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020304. [PMID: 36830841 PMCID: PMC9953106 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a significant glycosaminoglycan component of the extracellular matrix, playing an essential role in cell localization and proliferation. However, high levels of HA may also correlate with multidrug resistance of tumor cells, an increased tendency to metastasize, or cancer progression, and thus represent a very unfavorable prognosis for cancer patients. The purpose of this review article is to summarize the results of studies describing the relationship between HA, the main ligand of the CD44 receptor, or other components of the HA signaling pathway. In addition, we review the course of selected female malignancies, i.e., breast, cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancer, with the main focus on the mechanisms oriented to CD44. We also analyze reports on the beneficial use of HA-containing preparations in adjuvant therapy among patients with these types of cancer. Data from the literature suggest that HA and its family members may be critical prognostic biomarkers of selected malignancies among women. Nevertheless, the results of the available studies are inconclusive, and the actual clinical significance of HA expression analysis is still quite enigmatic. In our opinion, the HA-CD44 signaling pathway should be an attractive target for future research related to targeted therapy in gynecological cancers.
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Michalczyk M, Humeniuk E, Adamczuk G, Korga-Plewko A. Hyaluronic Acid as a Modern Approach in Anticancer Therapy-Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010103. [PMID: 36613567 PMCID: PMC9820514 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a linear polysaccharide and crucial component of the extracellular matrix (ECM), maintaining tissue hydration and tension. Moreover, HA contributes to embryonic development, healing, inflammation, and cancerogenesis. This review summarizes new research on the metabolism and interactions of HA with its binding proteins, known as hyaladherins (CD44, RHAMM), revealing the molecular basis for its distinct biological function in the development of cancer. The presence of HA on the surface of tumor cells is a sign of an adverse prognosis. The involvement of HA in malignancy has been extensively investigated using cancer-free naked mole rats as a model. The HA metabolic components are examined for their potential impact on promoting or inhibiting tumor formation, proliferation, invasion, and metastatic spread. High molecular weight HA is associated with homeostasis and protective action due to its ability to preserve tissue integrity. In contrast, low molecular weight HA indicates a pathological condition in the tissue and plays a role in pro-oncogenic activity. A systematic approach might uncover processes related to cancer growth, establish novel prognostic indicators, and identify potential targets for treatment action.
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Karalis T, Shiau AK, Gahman TC, Skandalis SS, Heldin CH, Heldin P. Identification of a Small Molecule Inhibitor of Hyaluronan Synthesis, DDIT, Targeting Breast Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235800. [PMID: 36497283 PMCID: PMC9741431 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a common cancer in women. Breast cancer cells synthesize large amounts of hyaluronan to assist their proliferation, survival, migration and invasion. Accumulation of hyaluronan and overexpression of its receptor CD44 and hyaluronidase TMEM2 in breast tumors correlate with tumor progression and reduced overall survival of patients. Currently, the only known small molecule inhibitor of hyaluronan synthesis is 4-methyl-umbelliferone (4-MU). Due to the importance of hyaluronan for breast cancer progression, our aim was to identify new, potent and chemically distinct inhibitors of its synthesis. Here, we report a new small molecule inhibitor of hyaluronan synthesis, the thymidine analog 5'-Deoxy-5'-(1,3-Diphenyl-2-Imidazolidinyl)-Thymidine (DDIT). This compound is more potent than 4-MU and displays significant anti-tumorigenic properties. Specifically, DDIT inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion and cancer stem cell self-renewal by suppressing HAS-synthesized hyaluronan. DDIT appears as a promising lead compound for the development of inhibitors of hyaluronan synthesis with potential usefulness in breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros Karalis
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Box 572, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andrew K. Shiau
- Small Molecule Discovery Program, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Timothy C. Gahman
- Small Molecule Discovery Program, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Spyros S. Skandalis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Carl-Henrik Heldin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Box 572, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Paraskevi Heldin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Box 572, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-18-4714733
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Donelan W, Dominguez-Gutierrez PR, Kusmartsev S. Deregulated hyaluronan metabolism in the tumor microenvironment drives cancer inflammation and tumor-associated immune suppression. Front Immunol 2022; 13:971278. [PMID: 36238286 PMCID: PMC9550864 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.971278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is known to be a prominent component of the extracellular matrix in tumors, and many solid cancers are characterized by aberrant HA metabolism resulting in increased production in tumor tissue. HA has been implicated in regulating a variety of cellular functions in tumor cells and tumor-associated stromal cells, suggesting that altered HA metabolism can influence tumor growth and malignancy at multiple levels. Importantly, increased HA production in cancer is associated with enhanced HA degradation due to high levels of expression and activity of hyaluronidases (Hyal). Understanding the complex molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in abnormal HA metabolism and catabolism in solid cancers could have important implications for the design of future cancer therapeutic approaches. It appears that extensive crosstalk between immune cells and HA-enriched stroma contributes to tumor growth and progression in several ways. Specifically, the interaction of tumor-recruited Hyal2-expressing myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) of bone marrow origin with HA-producing cancer-associated fibroblasts and epithelial tumor cells results in enhanced HA degradation and accumulation of small pro-inflammatory HA fragments, which further drives cancer-related inflammation. In addition, hyaluronan-enriched stroma supports the transition of tumor-recruited Hyal2+MDSCs to the PD-L1+ tumor-associated macrophages leading to the formation of an immunosuppressive and tolerogenic tumor microenvironment. In this review, we aim to discuss the contribution of tumor-associated HA to cancer inflammation, angiogenesis, and tumor-associated immune suppression. We also highlight the recent findings related to the enhanced HA degradation in the tumor microenvironment.
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Choi BH, Ryoo I, Sim KH, Ahn HJ, Lee YJ, Kwak MK. High Levels of Hyaluronic Acid Synthase-2 Mediate NRF2-Driven Chemoresistance in Breast Cancer Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2022; 30:368-379. [PMID: 35768333 PMCID: PMC9252875 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2022.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA), a ligand of CD44, accumulates in some types of tumors and is responsible for tumor progression. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (NRF2) regulates cytoprotective genes and drug transporters, which promotes therapy resistance in tumors. Previously, we showed that high levels of CD44 are associated with NRF2 activation in cancer stem like-cells. Herein, we demonstrate that HA production was increased in doxorubicin-resistant breast cancer MCF7 cells (MCF7-DR) via the upregulation of HA synthase-2 (HAS2). HA incubation increased NRF2, aldo-keto reductase 1C1 (AKR1C1), and multidrug resistance gene 1 (MDR1) levels. Silencing of HAS2 or CD44 suppressed NRF2 signaling in MCF7-DR, which was accompanied by increased doxorubicin sensitivity. The treatment with a HAS2 inhibitor, 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU), decreased NRF2, AKR1C1, and MDR1 levels in MCF7-DR. Subsequently, 4-MU treatment inhibited sphere formation and doxorubicin resistance in MCF7-DR. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data analysis across 32 types of tumors indicates the amplification of HAS2 gene is a common genetic alteration and is negatively correlated with the overall survival rate. In addition, high HAS2 mRNA levels are associated with increased NRF2 signaling and poor clinical outcome in breast cancer patients. Collectively, these indicate that HAS2 elevation contributes to chemoresistance and sphere formation capacity of drug-resistant MCF7 cells by activating CD44/NRF2 signaling, suggesting a potential benefit of HAS2 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Hyun Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Ingeun Ryoo
- Department of Pharmacology and Integrated Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Hwa Sim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jin Ahn
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Ju Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Kwak
- Department of Pharmacology and Integrated Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea.,College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
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Carvalho AM, Soares da Costa D, Reis RL, Pashkuleva I. RHAMM expression tunes the response of breast cancer cell lines to hyaluronan. Acta Biomater 2022; 146:187-196. [PMID: 35577044 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) synthesis and degradation are altered during carcinogenesis leading to an increased HA content in the tumor microenvironment, which correlates with poor prognosis and treatment outcomes. The main HA receptors, CD44 and RHAMM, are also overexpressed in tumors where they activate anti-apoptotic, proliferative, invasive, and migration signaling pathways. Herein, we used a unidirectional HA gradient to investigate in a high-throughput fashion the bi-directional communication between HA and breast cancer cell lines with different surface expression of CD44 and RHAMM. We found that the expression of CD44 and RHAMM depends on the HA density: the expression of these receptors is promoted at higher HA density and RHAMM is more sensitive to these changes when compared to CD44. Blocking either CD44 or RHAMM revealed different functions on binding and recognizing HA and a compensatory expression between these two receptors that maintains protumorigenic effectors such as cortactin. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: We show that the expression of main hyaluronan (HA) receptors CD44 and RHAMM is enhanced in a HA concentration-dependent manner. Blocking activity experiments with either RHAMM or CD44 reveal the redundancy of these two receptors towards HA recognition and activation/recruitment of protumorigenic molecular effector, cortactin. These experiments also demonstrate that cells with overexpressed RHAMM are more sensitive to HA density than CD44 positive cells. The reported results are important for the development of therapies that target the hyaluronan signaling in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Carvalho
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, 4805-017 Barco, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Portugal
| | - Diana Soares da Costa
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, 4805-017 Barco, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, 4805-017 Barco, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Portugal
| | - Iva Pashkuleva
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, 4805-017 Barco, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Portugal.
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Riecks J, Parnigoni A, Győrffy B, Kiesel L, Passi A, Vigetti D, Götte M. The hyaluronan-related genes HAS2, HYAL1-4, PH20 and HYALP1 are associated with prognosis, cell viability and spheroid formation capacity in ovarian cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:3399-3419. [PMID: 35767191 PMCID: PMC9587083 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04127-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Hyaluronan modulates tumour progression, including cell adhesion, cohesion, proliferation and invasion, and the cancer stem cell phenotype. In ovarian cancer, high levels of stromal hyaluronan are associated with poor prognosis. In this work, hyaluronan synthases (HAS1-3) and hyaluronidases (HYAL1-4, PH-20, HYALP1) were examined with regard to different levels of gene expression and its influence on ovarian cancer patients’ survival. The impact of a siRNA depletion of HAS2 was investigated in vitro. Methods Using the Kaplan–Meier Plotter tool, we investigated the influence of hyaluronic synthases and hyaluronidases on the survival of a collective of 1435 ovarian cancer patients. Differences in gene expression between normal (n = 46) and cancerous (n = 744) ovarian tissue were examined using the TNMplot database. Following an evaluation of hyaluronan-related gene expression in the ATCC ovarian cancer panel, we studied SKOV3 and SW 626 ovarian cancer cells subjected to HAS2 siRNA or control siRNA treatment in terms of HAS1-3, HYAL2 and HYAL3 mRNA expression. We investigated the ability to form spheroids using the Hanging Drop method and the response to chemotherapy at different concentrations using the MTT Assay. By STRING analysis, interactions within the enzymes of the hyaluronic acid system and with binding partners were visualized. Results HAS1, HYAL1 and HYAL4 mRNA expression is significantly upregulated, whereas HAS2, HYAL2 and HYAL3 mRNA expression is significantly downregulated in ovarian cancer tissue compared to controls. HAS2 improves cell viability, the capability to form tumour spheroids and has a negative prognostic value regarding overall survival. Lower HAS2 expression and high expression of HYAL2 and HYAL3 favours the survival of ovarian cancer patients. HAS2 knockdown cells and control cells showed a moderate response to combinatorial in vitro chemotherapy with taxol and cisplatin. Conclusion In conclusion, our study shows that the hyaluronic acid system has a relevant influence on the survival of ovarian cancer patients and could therefore be considered as a possible prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jette Riecks
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Arianna Parnigoni
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- TTK Momentum Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ludwig Kiesel
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Alberto Passi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Davide Vigetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 11, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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15
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Parnigoni A, Caon I, Teo WX, Hua SH, Moretto P, Bartolini B, Viola M, Karousou E, Yip GW, Götte M, Heldin P, Passi A, Vigetti D. The natural antisense transcript HAS2-AS1 regulates breast cancer cells aggressiveness independently from hyaluronan metabolism. Matrix Biol 2022; 109:140-161. [PMID: 35395387 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is a ubiquitous extracellular matrix component playing a crucial role in the regulation of cell behaviors, including cancer. Aggressive breast cancer cells tend to proliferate, migrate and metastatize. Notably, triple-negative breast cancer cells lacking the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) as well as progesterone receptor and HER2 are more aggressive than ER-positive ones. As currently no targeted therapy is available for triple-negative breast cancer, the identification of novel therapeutic targets has a high clinical priority. In ER-negative cells, tumoral behavior can be reduced by inhibiting HA synthesis or silencing the enzymes involved in its metabolism, such as HA synthase 2 (HAS2). HAS2-AS1 is a long non-coding RNA belonging to the natural antisense transcript family which is known to favor HAS2 gene expression and HA synthesis, thus bolstering malignant progression in brain, ovary, and lung tumors. As the role of HAS2-AS1 has not yet been investigated in breast cancer, in this work we report that ER-positive breast cancers had lower HAS2-AS1 expression compared to ER-negative tumors. Moreover, the survival of patients with ER-negative tumors was higher when the expression of HAS2-AS1 was elevated. Experiments with ER-negative cell lines as MDA-MB-231 and Hs 578T revealed that the overexpression of either the full-length HAS2-AS1 or its exon 2 long or short isoforms alone, strongly reduced cell viability, migration, and invasion, whereas HAS2-AS1 silencing increased cell aggressiveness. Unexpectedly, in these ER-negative cell lines, HAS2-AS1 is involved neither in the regulation of HAS2 nor in HA deposition. Finally, transcriptome analysis revealed that HAS2-AS1 modulation affected several pathways, including apoptosis, proliferation, motility, adhesion, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and signaling, describing this long non-coding RNA as an important regulator of breast cancer cells aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Parnigoni
- From the Department of Medicine and Surgery - University of Insubria - via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Ilaria Caon
- From the Department of Medicine and Surgery - University of Insubria - via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Wei Xuan Teo
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore 4 Medical Drive, Block MD10, Singapore, 117594, Singapore
| | - San Hue Hua
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore 4 Medical Drive, Block MD10, Singapore, 117594, Singapore
| | - Paola Moretto
- From the Department of Medicine and Surgery - University of Insubria - via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Barbara Bartolini
- From the Department of Medicine and Surgery - University of Insubria - via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Manuela Viola
- From the Department of Medicine and Surgery - University of Insubria - via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Evgenia Karousou
- From the Department of Medicine and Surgery - University of Insubria - via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - George W Yip
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore 4 Medical Drive, Block MD10, Singapore, 117594, Singapore
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, D11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Paraskevi Heldin
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alberto Passi
- From the Department of Medicine and Surgery - University of Insubria - via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Davide Vigetti
- From the Department of Medicine and Surgery - University of Insubria - via J.H. Dunant 5, 21100, Varese, Italy.
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16
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The molecular underpinning of geminin-overexpressing triple-negative breast cancer cells homing specifically to lungs. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:304-325. [PMID: 33723406 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-021-00311-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBCs) display lung metastasis tropism. However, the mechanisms underlying this organ-specific pattern remains to be elucidated. We sought to evaluate the utility of blocking extravasation to prevent lung metastasis. To identify potential geminin overexpression-controlled genetic drivers that promote TNBC tumor homing to lungs, we used the differential/suppression subtractive chain (D/SSC) technique. A geminin overexpression-induced lung metastasis gene signature consists of 24 genes was discovered. We validated overexpression of five of these genes (LGR5, HAS2, CDH11, NCAM2, and DSC2) in worsening lung metastasis-free survival in TNBC patients. Our data demonstrate that LGR5-induced β-catenin signaling and stemness in TNBC cells are geminin-overexpression dependent. They also demonstrate for the first-time expression of RSPO2 in mouse lung tissue only and exacerbation of its secretion in the circulation of mice that develop geminin overexpressing/LGR5+-TNBC lung metastasis. We identified a novel extravasation receptor complex, consists of CDH11, CD44v6, c-Met, and AXL on geminin overexpressing/LGR5+-TNBC lung metastatic precursors, inhibition of any of its receptors prevented geminin overexpressing/LGR5+-TNBC lung metastasis. Overall, we propose that geminin overexpression in normal mammary epithelial (HME) cells promotes the generation of TNBC metastatic precursors that home specifically to lungs by upregulating LGR5 expression and promoting stemness, intravasation, and extravasation in these precursors. Circulating levels of RSPO2 and OPN can be diagnostic biomarkers to improve risk stratification of metastatic TNBC to lungs, as well as identifying patients who may benefit from therapy targeting geminin alone or in combination with any member of the newly discovered extravasation receptor complex to minimize TNBC lung metastasis.
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17
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Zakusilo FT, Kerry O’Banion M, Gelbard HA, Seluanov A, Gorbunova V. Matters of size: Roles of hyaluronan in CNS aging and disease. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 72:101485. [PMID: 34634492 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Involvement of extracellular matrix (ECM) components in aging and age-related neurodegeneration is not well understood. The role of hyaluronan (HA), a major extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan, in malignancy and inflammation is gaining new understanding. In particular, the differential biological effects of high molecular weight (HMW-HA) and low molecular weight hyaluronan (LMW-HA), and the mechanism behind such differences are being uncovered. Tightly regulated in the brain, HA can have diverse effects on cellular development, growth and degeneration. In this review, we summarize the homeostasis and signaling of HA in healthy tissue, discuss its distribution and ontogeny in the central nervous system (CNS), summarize evidence for its involvement in age-related neurodegeneration and Alzheimer Disease (AD), and assess the potential of HA as a therapeutic target in the CNS.
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18
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Yan T, Chen X, Zhan H, Yao P, Wang N, Yang H, Zhang C, Wang K, Hu H, Li J, Sun J, Dong Y, Lu E, Zheng Z, Zhang R, Wang X, Ma J, Gao M, Ye J, Wang X, Teng L, Liu H, Zhao S. Interfering with hyaluronic acid metabolism suppresses glioma cell proliferation by regulating autophagy. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:486. [PMID: 33986244 PMCID: PMC8119697 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03747-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment plays an important role in tumor progression. Hyaluronic acid (HA), an important component of the extracellular matrix in the tumor microenvironment, abnormally accumulates in a variety of tumors. However, the role of abnormal HA accumulation in glioma remains unclear. The present study indicated that HA, hyaluronic acid synthase 3 (HAS3), and a receptor of HA named CD44 were expressed at high levels in human glioma tissues and negatively correlated with the prognosis of patients with glioma. Silencing HAS3 expression or blocking CD44 inhibited glioma cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. The underlying mechanism was attributed to the inhibition of autophagy flux and maintaining glioma cell cycle arrest in G1 phase. More importantly, 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU), a small competitive inhibitor of Uridine diphosphate (UDP) with the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB), also inhibited glioma cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Thus, approaches that interfere with HA metabolism by altering the expression of HAS3 and CD44 and the administration of 4-MU potentially represent effective strategies for glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Hua Zhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Penglei Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - He Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- North Broward Preparatory School, 7600 Lyons Rd Coconut Creek, Orlando, FL, 33073, USA
| | - Kaikai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hong Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jiafeng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jingxian Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yu Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Samii Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518118, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Enzhou Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Zhixing Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ruotian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jichao Ma
- Biomolecular Science Center, Burnett College of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Junyi Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xinzhuang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Lei Teng
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China. .,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China. .,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Huailei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China. .,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China. .,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Shiguang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China. .,Key Colleges and Universities Laboratory of Neurosurgery in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150001,, Heilongjiang Province, China. .,Institute of Neuroscience, Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, 518100, Guangdong Province, China.
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Karamanou K, Franchi M, Proult I, Rivet R, Vynios D, Brézillon S. Lumican Inhibits In Vivo Melanoma Metastasis by Altering Matrix-Effectors and Invadopodia Markers. Cells 2021; 10:841. [PMID: 33917849 PMCID: PMC8068222 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It was reported that lumican inhibits the activity of metalloproteinase MMP-14 and melanoma cell migration in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, Snail triggers epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and the metastatic potential of cancer cells. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of lumican on Mock and Snail overexpressing melanoma B16F1 cells in vivo. Lung metastasis was analyzed after intravenous injections of Mock-B16F1 and Snail-B16F1 cells in Lum+/+ and Lum-/- mice. At day 14, mice were sacrificed, and lungs were collected. The number of lung metastatic nodules was significantly higher in mice injected with Snail-B16F1 cells as compared to mice injected with Mock-B16F1 cells confirming the pro-metastatic effect of Snail. This effect was stronger in Lum-/- mice as compared to Lum+/+, suggesting that endogenous lumican of wild-type mice significantly inhibits metastasis to lungs. Scanning electron and confocal microscopy investigations demonstrated that lumican inhibits the development of elongated cancer cell phenotypes which are known to develop invadopodia releasing MMPs. Moreover, lumican was shown to affect the expression of cyclin D1, cortactin, vinculin, hyaluronan synthase 2, heparanase, MMP-14 and the phosphorylation of FAK, AKT, p130 Cas and GSK3α/β. Altogether, these data demonstrated that lumican significantly inhibits lung metastasis in vivo, as well as cell invasion in vitro, suggesting that a lumican-based strategy targeting Snail-induced metastasis could be useful for melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Karamanou
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, 51100 Reims, France; (K.K.); (I.P.); (R.R.)
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51095 Reims, France
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26501 Patras, Greece;
| | - Marco Franchi
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47922 Rimini, Italy;
| | - Isabelle Proult
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, 51100 Reims, France; (K.K.); (I.P.); (R.R.)
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51095 Reims, France
| | - Romain Rivet
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, 51100 Reims, France; (K.K.); (I.P.); (R.R.)
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51095 Reims, France
| | - Demitrios Vynios
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26501 Patras, Greece;
| | - Stéphane Brézillon
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, 51100 Reims, France; (K.K.); (I.P.); (R.R.)
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51095 Reims, France
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20
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The Secreted Protein C10orf118 Is a New Regulator of Hyaluronan Synthesis Involved in Tumour-Stroma Cross-Talk. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13051105. [PMID: 33807583 PMCID: PMC7961460 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hyaluronan is a main glycosaminoglycan in extracellular matrix with an important role in breast cancer progression. Alterations in its synthesis and size may affect tu-mour growth and metastasis. Communication between stromal and breast cancer cells consists of the secretion of factors that provoke a series of cell signalling that influence cell fate and tis-sue microenvironment, by favouring tumour cell survival and motility. Here, we present the c10orf118 protein expressed in high amounts by breast tumour cells as a new regulator in hya-luronan synthesis. This protein is found both in Golgi and secreted in the extracellular matrix, whereas its role is still unknown. The secreted c10orf118 is found to induce hyaluronan synthase 2 in normal fibroblasts. Importantly, high expression of c10orf118 is positively correlated to pa-tient’s survival and to a low metastasis. Abstract Interaction between cancer cells and their microenvironment is central in defining the fate of cancer development. Tumour cells secrete signals (cytokines, chemokines, growth factors) that modify the surrounding area, while the niche supplies structures and activities necessary for tumour maintenance and growth. Hyaluronan (HA) is a glycosaminoglycan that constitute cancer cell niche and is known to influence tumour functions such as proliferation, migration and neoangiogenesis. The knowledge of the factors regulating HA synthesis and size is crucial in understanding the mechanisms sustaining tumour development. Here we show that a yet uncharacterized protein secreted by breast tumour cell lines, named c10orf118 (accession number NM_018017 in NCBI/BLAST, and Q7z3E2 according to the Uniprot identifier), with a predicted length of 898 amino acids, can induce the secretion of HA by stromal fibroblasts through the up-regulation of the hyaluronan synthase 2 gene (HAS2). Intracellularly, this protein is localized in the Golgi apparatus with a possible role in vesicle maturation and transport. The expression of c10orf118 was verified in breast cancer patient specimens and was found to be associated with the presence of estrogen receptor that characterizes a good patient survival. We suggest c10orf118 as a new player that influences the HA amount in breast cancer microenvironment and is associated with low aggressiveness of cancer.
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Tavianatou AG, Piperigkou Z, Koutsakis C, Barbera C, Beninatto R, Franchi M, Karamanos NK. The action of hyaluronan in functional properties, morphology and expression of matrix effectors in mammary cancer cells depends on its molecular size. FEBS J 2021; 288:4291-4310. [PMID: 33512780 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer constitutes a heterogeneous disease. The expression profiles of estrogen receptors (ERs), as well as the expression patterns of extracellular matrix (ECM) macromolecules, determine its development and progression. Hyaluronan (HA) is an ECM molecule that regulates breast cancer cells' properties in a molecular size-dependent way. Previous studies have shown that 200-kDa HA fragments modulate the functional properties, morphology, and expression of several matrix mediators of the highly metastatic ERα- /ERβ+ MDA-MB-231 cells. In order to evaluate the effects of HA fragments (< 10, 30 and 200-kDa) in ERβ-suppressed breast cancer cells, the shERβ MDA-MB-231 cells were used. These cells are less aggressive when compared with MDA-MB-231 cells. To this end, the functional properties, the morphology, and the expression of the molecules associated with breast cancer cells metastatic potential were studied. Notably, both cell proliferation and invasion were significantly reduced after treatment with 200-kDa HA. Moreover, as assessed by scanning electron microscopy, 200-kDa HA affected cellular morphology, and as assessed by qPCR, upregulated the epithelial marker Ε-cadherin. The expression profiles of ECM mediators, such as HAS2, CD44, and MMP7, were also altered. On the other hand, cellular migration and the expression levels of syndecan-4 (SDC-4) were not significantly affected in contrast to our observations regarding MDA-MB-231 cells. These novel data demonstrate that the molecular size of the HA determines its effects on ERβ-suppressed breast cancer cells and that 200-kDa HA exhibits antiproliferative effects on these cells. A deeper understanding of this mechanism may contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia-Gerasimoula Tavianatou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Zoi Piperigkou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece.,Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH)/Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Patras, Greece
| | - Christos Koutsakis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | | | | | - Marco Franchi
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Nikos K Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece.,Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH)/Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Patras, Greece
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22
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Abstract
The surfaces of all living organisms and most secreted proteins share a common feature: They are glycosylated. As the outermost-facing molecules, glycans participate in nearly all immunological processes, including driving host-pathogen interactions, immunological recognition and activation, and differentiation between self and nonself through a complex array of pathways and mechanisms. These fundamental immunologic roles are further cast into sharp relief in inflammatory, autoimmune, and cancer disease states in which immune regulation goes awry. Here, we review the broad impact of glycans on the immune system and discuss the changes and clinical opportunities associated with the onset of immunologic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Y Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7288, USA;
| | - Brian A Cobb
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7288, USA;
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23
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Sun X, Ni N, Ma Y, Wang Y, Leong DT. Retooling Cancer Nanotherapeutics' Entry into Tumors to Alleviate Tumoral Hypoxia. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2003000. [PMID: 32803846 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202003000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Anti-hypoxia cancer nanomedicine (AHCN) holds exciting potential in improving oxygen-dependent therapeutic efficiencies of malignant tumors. However, most studies regarding AHCN focus on optimizing structure and function of nanomaterials with presupposed successful entry into tumor cells. From such a traditional perspective, the main barrier that AHCN needs to overcome is mainly the tumor cell membrane. However, such an oversimplified perspective would neglect that real tumors have many biological, physiological, physical, and chemical defenses preventing the current state-of-the-art AHCNs from even reaching the targeted tumor cells. Fortunately, in recent years, some studies are beginning to intentionally focus on overcoming physiological barriers to alleviate hypoxia. In this Review, the limitations behind the traditional AHCN delivery mindset are addressed and the key barriers that need to be surmounted before delivery to cancer cells and some good ways to improve cell membrane attachment, internalization, and intracellular retention are summarized. It is aimed to contribute to Review literature on this emerging topic through refreshing perspectives based on this work and what is also learnt from others. This Review would therefore assist AHCNs researchers to have a quick overview of the essential information and glean thought-provoking ideas to advance this sub-field in cancer nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Sun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Nengyi Ni
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Yanling Ma
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - David Tai Leong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
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24
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Comparison of Hydrogels for the Development of Well-Defined 3D Cancer Models of Breast Cancer and Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082320. [PMID: 32824576 PMCID: PMC7465483 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioprinting offers the opportunity to fabricate precise 3D tumor models to study tumor pathophysiology and progression. However, the choice of the bioink used is important. In this study, cell behavior was studied in three mechanically and biologically different hydrogels (alginate, alginate dialdehyde crosslinked with gelatin (ADA–GEL), and thiol-modified hyaluronan (HA-SH crosslinked with PEGDA)) with cells from breast cancer (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) and melanoma (Mel Im and MV3), by analyzing survival, growth, and the amount of metabolically active, living cells via WST-8 labeling. Material characteristics were analyzed by dynamic mechanical analysis. Cell lines revealed significantly increased cell numbers in low-percentage alginate and HA-SH from day 1 to 14, while only Mel Im also revealed an increase in ADA–GEL. MCF-7 showed a preference for 1% alginate. Melanoma cells tended to proliferate better in ADA–GEL and HA-SH than mammary carcinoma cells. In 1% alginate, breast cancer cells showed equally good proliferation compared to melanoma cell lines. A smaller area was colonized in high-percentage alginate-based hydrogels. Moreover, 3% alginate was the stiffest material, and 2.5% ADA–GEL was the softest material. The other hydrogels were in the same range in between. Therefore, cellular responses were not only stiffness-dependent. With 1% alginate and HA-SH, we identified matrices that enable proliferation of all tested tumor cell lines while maintaining expected tumor heterogeneity. By adapting hydrogels, differences could be accentuated. This opens up the possibility of understanding and analyzing tumor heterogeneity by biofabrication.
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25
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Chen CG, Gubbiotti MA, Kapoor A, Han X, Yu Y, Linhardt RJ, Iozzo RV. Autophagic degradation of HAS2 in endothelial cells: A novel mechanism to regulate angiogenesis. Matrix Biol 2020; 90:1-19. [PMID: 32084457 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan plays a key role in regulating inflammation and tumor angiogenesis. Of the three transmembrane hyaluronan synthases, HAS2 is the main pro-angiogenic enzyme responsible for excessive hyaluronan production. We discovered that HAS2 was degraded in vascular endothelial cells via autophagy evoked by nutrient deprivation, mTOR inhibition, or pro-autophagic proteoglycan fragments endorepellin and endostatin. Using live-cell and super-resolution confocal microscopy, we found that protracted autophagy evoked a dynamic interaction between HAS2 and ATG9A, a key transmembrane autophagic protein. This regulatory axis of HAS2 degradation occurred in various cell types and species and in vivo upon nutrient deprivation. Inhibiting in vivo autophagic flux via chloroquine showed increased levels of HAS2 in the heart and aorta. Functionally, autophagic induction via endorepellin or mTOR inhibition markedly suppressed extracellular hyaluronan production in vascular endothelial cells and inhibited ex vivo angiogenic sprouting. Thus, we propose autophagy as a novel catabolic mechanism regulating hyaluronan production in endothelial cells and demonstrate a new link between autophagy and angiogenesis that could lead to potential therapeutic modalities for angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn G Chen
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maria A Gubbiotti
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aastha Kapoor
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiaorui Han
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Yanglei Yu
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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26
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Narvaez CJ, LaPorta E, Robilotto S, Liang J, Welsh J. Inhibition of HAS2 and hyaluronic acid production by 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 in breast cancer. Oncotarget 2020; 11:2889-2905. [PMID: 32774770 PMCID: PMC7392624 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3) induces growth arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer cells in vivo and in vitro, however the exact mechanisms are unclear. Although the vitamin D receptor (VDR), a ligand dependent transcription factor, is required for growth regulation by vitamin D, the specific target genes that trigger these effects are unknown. Genomic profiling of murine mammary tumor cells with differential VDR expression identified 35 transcripts that were altered by the 1,25D3-VDR complex including Hyaluronan Synthase-2 (Has2). Here we confirmed that 1,25D3 reduces both HAS2 gene expression and hyaluronic acid (HA) synthesis in multiple models of breast cancer. Furthermore, we show that the growth inhibitory effects of 1,25D3 are partially reversed in the presence of high molecular weight HA. HAS2 expression and HA production are elevated in immortalized human mammary epithelial cells induced to undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through stable expression of TGFβ, SNAIL or TWIST and in those expressing oncogenic H-RASV12, indicating that deregulation of HA production may be an early and frequent event in breast tumorigenesis. 1,25D3 also reduces HA secretion and acts additively with an HA synthesis inhibitor to slow growth of cells expressing TGFβ, SNAIL and TWIST. Analysis of mammary gland and tumors from Vdr knockout mice suggest that loss of VDR is associated with enhanced HAS2 expression and HA production in vivo. These data define a novel role for 1,25D3 and the VDR in control of HA synthesis in epithelial tissues that likely contributes to its anti-cancer actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen J Narvaez
- University at Albany Cancer Research Center, Rensselaer, NY, USA.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA.,Joint first authors
| | - Erika LaPorta
- University at Albany Cancer Research Center, Rensselaer, NY, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA.,Joint first authors
| | | | - Jennifer Liang
- Department of Biochemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - JoEllen Welsh
- University at Albany Cancer Research Center, Rensselaer, NY, USA.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA
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27
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Narvaez CJ, Grebenc D, Balinth S, Welsh JE. Vitamin D regulation of HAS2, hyaluronan synthesis and metabolism in triple negative breast cancer cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 201:105688. [PMID: 32360595 PMCID: PMC8432753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The vitamin D receptor (VDR) and its ligand 1,25(OH)2D3 (1,25D) exert anti-tumor effects, but considerable heterogeneity has been reported in different model systems. In general, cell lines derived from aggressive tumor subtypes such as Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) express low levels of VDR and are less sensitive to 1,25D than those derived from more differentiated tumor types. We have previously reported that 1,25D inhibits hyaluronic acid synthase 2 (HAS2) expression and hyaluronic acid (HA) synthesis in murine TNBC cells. Here we confirmed the inhibitory effect of 1,25D on HA synthesis in human Hs578T cells representative of the mesenchymal/stem-like (MSL) subtype of TNBC. Because HA synthesis requires the production of hexoses for incorporation into HA, we predicted that the high HA production characteristic of Hs578T cells would require sustained metabolic changes through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP). We thus examined metabolic gene expression in Hs578T cell variants sorted for High (HAHigh) and Low (HALow) HA production, and the ability of 1,25D to reverse these adaptive changes. HAHigh populations exhibited elevated HA production, smaller size, increased proliferation and higher motility than HALow populations. Despite their more aggressive phenotype, HAHigh populations retained expression of VDR protein at levels comparable to that of parental Hs578T cells and HALow subclones. Treatment with 1,25D decreased production of HA in both HAHigh and HALow populations. We also found that multiple metabolic enzymes were aberrantly expressed in HAHigh cells, especially those involved in glutamine and glucose metabolism. Notably, Glutaminase (GLS), a known oncogene for breast cancer, was strongly upregulated in HAHigh vs. HALow cells and its expression was significantly reduced by 1,25D (100 nM, 24 h). Consistent with this finding, Seahorse extracellular flux analysis indicated that respiration in HAHigh cells was significantly more dependent on exogenous glutamine than HALow cells, however, acute 1,25D exposure did not alter metabolic flux. In contrast to GLS, the glutamate transporter SLC1A7 was significantly reduced in HAHigh cells compared to HALow cells and its expression was enhanced by 1,25D. These findings support the concept that 1,25D can reverse the metabolic gene expression changes associated with HA production in cancer cells with aggressive phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Narvaez
- Cancer Research Center, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY 12144, United States.
| | - D Grebenc
- Department of Biochemistry, Queens University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - S Balinth
- Cancer Research Center, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY 12144, United States
| | - J E Welsh
- Cancer Research Center, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY 12144, United States
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Witschen PM, Chaffee TS, Brady NJ, Huggins DN, Knutson TP, LaRue RS, Munro SA, Tiegs L, McCarthy JB, Nelson AC, Schwertfeger KL. Tumor Cell Associated Hyaluronan-CD44 Signaling Promotes Pro-Tumor Inflammation in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1325. [PMID: 32455980 PMCID: PMC7281239 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer has been conceptualized as a chronic wound with a predominance of tumor promoting inflammation. Given the accumulating evidence that the microenvironment supports tumor growth, we investigated hyaluronan (HA)-CD44 interactions within breast cancer cells, to determine whether this axis directly impacts the formation of an inflammatory microenvironment. Our results demonstrate that breast cancer cells synthesize and fragment HA and express CD44 on the cell surface. Using RNA sequencing approaches, we found that loss of CD44 in breast cancer cells altered the expression of cytokine-related genes. Specifically, we found that production of the chemokine CCL2 by breast cancer cells was significantly decreased after depletion of either CD44 or HA. In vivo, we found that CD44 deletion in breast cancer cells resulted in a delay in tumor formation and localized progression. This finding was accompanied by a decrease in infiltrating CD206+ macrophages, which are typically associated with tumor promoting functions. Importantly, our laboratory results were supported by human breast cancer patient data, where increased HAS2 expression was significantly associated with a tumor promoting inflammatory gene signature. Because high levels of HA deposition within many tumor types yields a poorer prognosis, our results emphasize that HA-CD44 interactions potentially have broad implications across multiple cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice M. Witschen
- Comparative and Molecular Biosciences Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
| | - Thomas S. Chaffee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (T.S.C.); (D.N.H.); (T.P.K.); (R.S.L.); (S.A.M.); (J.B.M.)
| | - Nicholas J. Brady
- Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
| | - Danielle N. Huggins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (T.S.C.); (D.N.H.); (T.P.K.); (R.S.L.); (S.A.M.); (J.B.M.)
| | - Todd P. Knutson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (T.S.C.); (D.N.H.); (T.P.K.); (R.S.L.); (S.A.M.); (J.B.M.)
- University of Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Rebecca S. LaRue
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (T.S.C.); (D.N.H.); (T.P.K.); (R.S.L.); (S.A.M.); (J.B.M.)
- University of Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Sarah A. Munro
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (T.S.C.); (D.N.H.); (T.P.K.); (R.S.L.); (S.A.M.); (J.B.M.)
- University of Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Lyubov Tiegs
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
| | - James B. McCarthy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (T.S.C.); (D.N.H.); (T.P.K.); (R.S.L.); (S.A.M.); (J.B.M.)
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
| | - Andrew C. Nelson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (T.S.C.); (D.N.H.); (T.P.K.); (R.S.L.); (S.A.M.); (J.B.M.)
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
| | - Kathryn L. Schwertfeger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (T.S.C.); (D.N.H.); (T.P.K.); (R.S.L.); (S.A.M.); (J.B.M.)
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Intracellular hyaluronan: Importance for cellular functions. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 62:20-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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30
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Salicylate suppresses the oncogenic hyaluronan network in metastatic breast cancer cells. Matrix Biol Plus 2020; 6-7:100031. [PMID: 33543028 PMCID: PMC7852211 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2020.100031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The oncogenic role of hyaluronan in several aspects of tumor biology has been well established. Recent studies by us and others suggest that inhibition of hyaluronan synthesis could represent an emerging therapeutic approach with significant clinical relevance in controlling different breast cancer subtypes, including triple-negative breast cancer. Epidemiological and preclinical studies have revealed the therapeutic potential of aspirin (acetyl salicylate), a classical anti-inflammatory drug, in patients with cancer. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. The present study demonstrates that salicylate, a break down product of aspirin in vivo, alters the organization of hyaluronan matrices by affecting the expression levels of hyaluronan synthesizing (HAS1, 2, 3) and degrading (HYAL-1, -2) enzymes, and that of hyaluronan receptor CD44. In particular, salicylate was found to potently activate AMPK, a kinase known to inhibit HAS2 activity, and caused a dose-dependent decrease of cell associated (intracellular and membrane-bound) as well as secreted hyaluronan, followed by the down-regulation of HAS2 and the induction of HYAL-2 and CD44 in metastatic breast cancer cells. These salicylate-mediated effects were associated with the redistribution of CD44 and actin cytoskeleton that resulted in a less motile cell phenotype. Interestingly, salicylate inhibited metastatic breast cancer cell proliferation and growth by inducing cell growth arrest without signs of apoptosis as evidenced by the substantial decrease of cyclin D1 protein and the absence of cleaved caspase-3, respectively. Collectively, our study offers a possible direction for the development of new matrix-based targeted treatments of metastatic breast cancer subtypes via inhibition of hyaluronan, a pro-angiogenic, pro-inflammatory and tumor promoting glycosaminoglycan.
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Sapudom J, Nguyen KT, Martin S, Wippold T, Möller S, Schnabelrauch M, Anderegg U, Pompe T. Biomimetic tissue models reveal the role of hyaluronan in melanoma proliferation and invasion. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:1405-1417. [DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01636h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Biomimetic matrix models demonstrate the role of the size-dependent effect of hyaluronan in melanoma progression and reveal an alternative explanation forin vivofindings of hyaluronan dependent melanoma growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiranuwat Sapudom
- Institute of Biochemistry
- Faculty of Life Sciences
- Universität Leipzig
- Leipzig 04103
- Germany
| | - Khiet-Tam Nguyen
- Department of Dermatology
- Venerology and Allergology
- Medical Faculty, Universität Leipzig
- Leipzig 04103
- Germany
| | - Steve Martin
- Institute of Biochemistry
- Faculty of Life Sciences
- Universität Leipzig
- Leipzig 04103
- Germany
| | - Tom Wippold
- Department of Dermatology
- Venerology and Allergology
- Medical Faculty, Universität Leipzig
- Leipzig 04103
- Germany
| | | | | | - Ulf Anderegg
- Department of Dermatology
- Venerology and Allergology
- Medical Faculty, Universität Leipzig
- Leipzig 04103
- Germany
| | - Tilo Pompe
- Institute of Biochemistry
- Faculty of Life Sciences
- Universität Leipzig
- Leipzig 04103
- Germany
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32
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Abstract
The extracellular matrix is part of the microenvironment and its functions are associated with the physical and chemical properties of the tissue. Among the extracellular components, the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan is a key component, defining both the physical and biochemical characteristics of the healthy matrices. The hyaluronan metabolism is strictly regulated in physiological conditions, but in the tumoral tissues, its expression, size and binding proteins interaction are dysregulated. Hyaluronan from the tumor microenvironment promotes tumor cell proliferation, invasion, immune evasion, stemness alterations as well as drug resistance. This chapter describes data regarding novel concepts of hyaluronan functions in the tumor. Additionally, we discuss potential clinical applications of targeting HA metabolism in cancer therapy.
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Murugaiah V, Agostinis C, Varghese PM, Belmonte B, Vieni S, Alaql FA, Alrokayan SH, Khan HA, Kaur A, Roberts T, Madan T, Bulla R, Kishore U. Hyaluronic Acid Present in the Tumor Microenvironment Can Negate the Pro-apototic Effect of a Recombinant Fragment of Human Surfactant Protein D on Breast Cancer Cells. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1171. [PMID: 32733438 PMCID: PMC7360846 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Human surfactant protein D (SP-D) belongs to the family of collectins that is composed of a characteristic amino-terminal collagenous region and a carboxy-terminal C-type lectin domain. Being present at the mucosal surfaces, SP-D acts as a potent innate immune molecule and offers protection against non-self and altered self, such as pathogens, allergens, and tumor. Here, we examined the effect of a recombinant fragment of human SP-D (rfhSP-D) on a range of breast cancer lines. Breast cancer has four molecular subtypes characterized by varied expressions of estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors (HER2). The cell viability of HER2-overexpressing (SKBR3) and triple-positive (BT474) breast cancer cell lines [but not of a triple-negative cell line (BT20)] was reduced following rfhSP-D treatment at 24 h. Upregulation of p21/p27 cell cycle inhibitors and p53 phosphorylation (Ser15) in rfhSP-D-treated BT474 and SKBR3 cell lines signified G2/M cell cycle arrest. Cleaved caspases 9 and 3 were detected in rfhSP-D-treated BT474 and SKBR3 cells, suggesting an involvement of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. However, rfhSP-D-induced apoptosis was nullified in the presence of hyaluronic acid (HA) whose increased level in breast tumor microenvironment is associated with malignant tumor progression and invasion. rfhSP-D bound to solid-phase HA and promoted tumor cell proliferation. rfhSP-D-treated SKBR3 cells in the presence of HA showed decreased transcriptional levels of p53 when compared to cells treated with rfhSP-D only. Thus, HA appears to negate the anti-tumorigenic properties of rfhSP-D against HER2-overexpressing and triple-positive breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valarmathy Murugaiah
- Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Agostinis
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Praveen M. Varghese
- Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Beatrice Belmonte
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Human Pathology Section, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Vieni
- Division of General and Oncological Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Fanan A. Alaql
- Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Salman H. Alrokayan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haseeb A. Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anuvinder Kaur
- Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Terry Roberts
- Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Taruna Madan
- Department of Innate Immunity, ICMR—National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
| | - Roberta Bulla
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- *Correspondence: Roberta Bulla
| | - Uday Kishore
- Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
- Uday Kishore ;
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Heldin P, Kolliopoulos C, Lin CY, Heldin CH. Involvement of hyaluronan and CD44 in cancer and viral infections. Cell Signal 2019; 65:109427. [PMID: 31654718 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronan and its major receptor CD44 are ubiquitously distributed. They have important structural as well as signaling roles, regulating tissue homeostasis, and their expression levels are tightly regulated. In addition to signaling initiated by the interaction of the intracellular domain of CD44 with cytoplasmic signaling molecules, CD44 has important roles as a co-receptor for different types of receptors of growth factors and cytokines. Dysregulation of hyaluronan-CD44 interactions is seen in diseases, such as inflammation and cancer. In the present communication, we discuss the mechanism of hyaluronan-induced signaling via CD44, as well as the involvement of hyaluronan-engaged CD44 in malignancies and in viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Heldin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Box 582, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Constantinos Kolliopoulos
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Box 582, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Chun-Yu Lin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Box 582, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Department of Surgery, Uppsala University, Sweden; Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Akademiska Hospital, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carl-Henrik Heldin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Box 582, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Ma Z, Yuan D, Cheng X, Tuo B, Liu X, Li T. Function of ion transporters in maintaining acid-base homeostasis of the mammary gland and the pathophysiological role in breast cancer. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2019; 318:R98-R111. [PMID: 31553634 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00202.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of breast cancer is increasing year by year, and the pathogenesis is still unclear. Studies have shown that the high metabolism of solid tumors leads to an increase in hypoxia, glycolysis, production of lactic acid and carbonic acid, and extracellular acidification; a harsh microenvironment; and ultimately to tumor cell death. Approximately 50% of locally advanced breast cancers exhibit hypoxia and/or local hypoxia, and acid-base regulatory proteins play an important role in regulating milk secretion and maintaining mammary gland physiological function. Therefore, ion transporters have gradually become a hot topic in mammary gland and breast cancer research. This review focuses on the research progress of ion transporters in mammary glands and breast cancer. We hope to provide new targets for the treatment and prognosis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Ma
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Dumin Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Digestive Disease Institute of Guizhou Province, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiaoming Cheng
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Biguang Tuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Digestive Disease Institute of Guizhou Province, Zunyi, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Digestive Disease Institute of Guizhou Province, Zunyi, China
| | - Taolang Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Yi Z, Wenwen L, Kun W, Jian S. [Overexpression of histone deacetylase 11 suppresses basal-like breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019; 39:751-759. [PMID: 31340905 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.07.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11) is a class Ⅳ member of histone deacetylase family, and its role in regulating cancer cell invasion and metastasis remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the role of HDAC11 in regulating the biological behaviors of basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) cells. METHODS We analyzed the expression of HDAC11 based on Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The effects of HDAC11 on the cell invasion and metastasis were examined using Transwell assay and in a mouse model. The interaction between HDAC11 and Twist was detected with immunoprecipitation. We identified HAS2 as a target gene of Twist using promoter luciferase assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. RESULTS HDAC11 was lowly expressed in BLBC cells. HDAC11 overexpression suppressed BLBC cell invasion in vitro and their metastasis in nude mice. Mechanistically, HDAC11 directly interacted with Twist protein, antagonized its pro-invasive function and repressed Twist-induced HAS2 gene transcription. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that HDAC11 acts as a negative modulator of invasion and metastasis of BLBC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Yi
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Second Department of Breast Cancer, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital/Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Luo Wenwen
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wang Kun
- Second Department of Breast Cancer, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital/Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shi Jian
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Tavianatou AG, Piperigkou Z, Barbera C, Beninatto R, Masola V, Caon I, Onisto M, Franchi M, Galesso D, Karamanos NK. Molecular size-dependent specificity of hyaluronan on functional properties, morphology and matrix composition of mammary cancer cells. Matrix Biol Plus 2019; 3:100008. [PMID: 33543007 PMCID: PMC7852304 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2019.100008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
High levels of hyaluronan (ΗΑ), a major extracellular matrix (ECM) glycosaminoglycan, have been correlated with poor clinical outcome in several malignancies, including breast cancer. The high and low molecular weight HΑ forms exert diverse biological functions. Depending on their molecular size, ΗΑ forms either promote or attenuate signaling cascades that regulate cancer progression. In order to evaluate the effects of different ΗΑ forms on breast cancer cells' behavior, ΗΑ fragments of defined molecular size were synthesized. Breast cancer cells of different estrogen receptor (ER) status - the low metastatic, ERα-positive MCF-7 epithelial cells and the highly aggressive, ERβ-positive MDA-MB-231 mesenchymal cells - were evaluated following treatment with HA fragments. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that HA fragments critically affect the morphology of breast cancer cells in a molecular-size dependent mode. Moreover, the ΗΑ fragments affect cell functional properties, the expression of major ECM mediators and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (ΕΜΤ) markers. Notably, treatment with 200 kDa ΗΑ increased the expression levels of the epithelial marker Ε-cadherin and reduced the expression levels of HA synthase 2 and mesenchymal markers, like fibronectin and snail2/slug. These novel data suggest that the effects of HA in breast cancer cells depend on the molecular size and the ER status. An in-depth understanding on the mechanistic basis of these effects may contribute on the development of novel therapeutic strategies for the pharmacological targeting of aggressive breast cancer.
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Key Words
- BTH, bovine testes hyaluronidase
- Breast cancer
- CD44
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EMT, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
- ER, estrogen receptor
- Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
- Estrogen receptors
- HA, hyaluronan or hyaluronic acid
- HAS, hyaluronan synthase
- HMW HA, high molecular weight hyaluronan
- HYAL, hyaluronidase
- Hyaluronan
- LMW HA, low molecular weight hyaluronan
- MET, mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition
- MMPs, matrix metalloproteinases
- SDC, syndecan
- SEM, scanning electron microscopy
- Scanning electron microscopy
- TIMPs, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases
- o-HA, hyaluronan oligomers
- s-HA, sulfated hyaluronan
- tPA, tissue plasminogen activator
- uPA, urokinase plasminogen activator
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia-Gerasimoula Tavianatou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Zoi Piperigkou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Patras, Greece
| | - Carlo Barbera
- Fidia Farmaceutici S.p.A., via Ponte della Fabbrica 3/A, 35031 Abano Terme, (PD), Italy
| | - Riccardo Beninatto
- Fidia Farmaceutici S.p.A., via Ponte della Fabbrica 3/A, 35031 Abano Terme, (PD), Italy
| | - Valentina Masola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Caon
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Maurizio Onisto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Franchi
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Devis Galesso
- Fidia Farmaceutici S.p.A., via Ponte della Fabbrica 3/A, 35031 Abano Terme, (PD), Italy
| | - Nikos K. Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), Patras, Greece
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Revisiting the hallmarks of cancer: The role of hyaluronan. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 62:9-19. [PMID: 31319162 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex network of macromolecules such as proteoglycans (PGs), glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and fibrous proteins present within all tissues and organs. The main role of ECM is not only to provide an essential mechanical scaffold for the cells but also to mediate crucial biochemical cues that are required for tissue homeostasis. Dysregulations in ECM deposition alter cell microenvironment, triggering the onset or the rapid progression of several diseases, including cancer. Hyaluronan (HA) is a ubiquitous component of ECM considered as one of the main players of cancer initiation and progression. This review discusses how HA participate in and regulate several aspects of tumorigenesis, with particular attention to the hallmarks of cancer proposed by Hanahan and Weinberg such as sustaining of the proliferative signaling, evasion of apoptosis, angiogenesis, activation of invasion and metastases, reprogramming of energy metabolism and evasion of immune response.
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39
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Has2 natural antisense RNA and Hmga2 promote Has2 expression during TGFβ-induced EMT in breast cancer. Matrix Biol 2019; 80:29-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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40
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Velesiotis C, Vasileiou S, Vynios DH. A guide to hyaluronan and related enzymes in breast cancer: biological significance and diagnostic value. FEBS J 2019; 286:3057-3074. [PMID: 31018038 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is a unique nonsulfated glycosaminoglycan that contributes to breast cancer cells growth and functional properties, including cell migration, invasion, adhesion, as well as tumor-associated angiogenesis in different stages of breast cancer progression and especially metastasis. Latest data show that the levels of HA and/or low molecular mass HA in blood serum and plasma of breast cancer patients may be a useful biomarker for breast cancer prognosis, differential diagnosis, and patients' treatment monitoring. Therefore, the qualitative and quantitative determination of HA in biological samples is an emerging area of research. This review gathers, categorizes, and sums up all the currently used methodologies to analyze HA and HA-related enzymes. The advantages, disadvantages, limitations in use, and the information they provide, are critically considered and discussed. Moreover, emphasis is given to the significance of HA determination in breast cancer, as well as of its related enzymes, for diagnosis and prognosis of this type of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Velesiotis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiochemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Stella Vasileiou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiochemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Demitrios H Vynios
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiochemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
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41
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Liu M, Tolg C, Turley E. Dissecting the Dual Nature of Hyaluronan in the Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2019; 10:947. [PMID: 31134064 PMCID: PMC6522846 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is a glycosaminoglycan with a simple structure but diverse and often opposing functions. The biological activities of this polysaccharide depend on its molecular weight and the identity of interacting receptors. HA is initially synthesized as high molecular-weight (HMW) polymers, which maintain homeostasis and restrain cell proliferation and migration in normal tissues. These HMW-HA functions are mediated by constitutively expressed receptors including CD44, LYVE-1, and STABILIN2. During normal processes such as tissue remodeling and wound healing, HMW-HA is fragmented into low molecular weight polymers (LMW-HA) by hyaluronidases and free radicals, which promote inflammation, immune cell recruitment and the epithelial cell migration. These functions are mediated by RHAMM and TLR2,4, which coordinate signaling with CD44 and other HA receptors. Tumor cells hijack the normally tightly regulated HA production/fragmentation associated with wound repair/remodeling, and these HA functions participate in driving and maintaining malignant progression. However, elevated HMW-HA production in the absence of fragmentation is linked to cancer resistance. The controlled production of HA polymer sizes and their functions are predicted to be key to dissecting the role of microenvironment in permitting or restraining the oncogenic potential of tissues. This review focuses on the dual nature of HA in cancer initiation vs. resistance, and the therapeutic potential of HA for chemo-prevention and as a target for cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Cornelia Tolg
- London Regional Cancer Program, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Eva Turley
- London Regional Cancer Program, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Biochemistry and Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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42
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Tumor-suppressive functions of 4-MU on breast cancer cells of different ER status: Regulation of hyaluronan/HAS2/CD44 and specific matrix effectors. Matrix Biol 2019; 78-79:118-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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43
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Passi A, Vigetti D, Buraschi S, Iozzo RV. Dissecting the role of hyaluronan synthases in the tumor microenvironment. FEBS J 2019; 286:2937-2949. [PMID: 30974514 PMCID: PMC6716524 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is becoming a crucial factor in determining the aggressiveness of neoplastic cells. The glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan is one of the principal constituents of both the tumor stroma and the cancer cell surfaces, and its accumulation can dramatically influence patient survival. Hyaluronan functions are dictated by its ability to interact with several signaling receptors that often activate pro-angiogenic and pro-tumorigenic intracellular pathways. Although hyaluronan is a linear, non-sulfated polysaccharide, and thus lacks the ability of the other sulfated glycosaminoglycans to bind and modulate growth factors, it compensates for this by the ability to form hyaluronan fragments characterized by a remarkable variability in length. Here, we will focus on the role of both high and low molecular weight hyaluronan in controlling the hallmarks of cancer cells, including cell proliferation, migration, metabolism, inflammation, and angiogenesis. We will critically assess the multilayered regulation of HAS2, the most critical hyaluronan synthase, and its role in cancer growth, metabolism, and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Passi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Davide Vigetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Simone Buraschi
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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44
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Tavianatou AG, Caon I, Franchi M, Piperigkou Z, Galesso D, Karamanos NK. Hyaluronan: molecular size-dependent signaling and biological functions in inflammation and cancer. FEBS J 2019; 286:2883-2908. [PMID: 30724463 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is a linear nonsulfated glycosaminoglycan of the extracellular matrix that plays a pivotal role in a variety of biological processes. High-molecular weight HA exhibits different biological properties than oligomers and low-molecular weight HA. Depending on their molecular size, HA fragments can influence cellular behavior in a different mode of action. This phenomenon is attributed to the different manner of interaction with the HA receptors, especially CD44 and RHAMM. Both receptors can trigger signaling cascades that regulate cell functional properties, such as proliferation migration, angiogenesis, and wound healing. HA fragments are able to enhance or attenuate the HA receptor-mediated signaling pathways, as they compete with the endogenous HA for binding to the receptors. The modulation of these pathways could be crucial for the development of pathological conditions, such as inflammation and cancer. The primary goal of this review is to critically present the importance of HA molecular size on cellular signaling, functional cell properties, and morphology in normal and pathological conditions, including inflammation and cancer. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms could contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia G Tavianatou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Ilaria Caon
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Marco Franchi
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Zoi Piperigkou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece.,Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH) /Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Patras, Greece
| | | | - Nikos K Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece.,Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH) /Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Patras, Greece
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45
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Saga R, Hasegawa K, Murata K, Chiba M, Nakamura T, Okumura K, Tsuruga E, Hosokawa Y. Regulation of radiosensitivity by 4-methylumbelliferone via the suppression of interleukin-1 in fibrosarcoma cells. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:3555-3561. [PMID: 30867797 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.9990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor recurrence and distant metastasis following radiotherapy, which can lead to poor prognosis, are caused by residual cancer cells that acquire radioresistance. Chemotherapy or a combination of targeted inhibitors can potentially enhance radiation sensitivity and prevent metastasis. It was previously reported that co-administration of the hyaluronan synthesis inhibitor 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU) enhanced the lethality of X-ray irradiation in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells and decreased their invasiveness to a greater extent than either treatment alone. To clarify the molecular basis of these effects, the present study conducted mRNA expression profiling by cDNA microarray to identify the signaling pathways that are altered under this combination treatment. The activation state of the signaling pathways was classified by z-scores in the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. The results revealed that the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 were activated by 2 Gy X-ray irradiation, an effect that was abolished by co-administration of 4-MU. Similar trends were observed for the upstream signaling component IL-1. These results indicate that the radiosensitivity of fibrosarcoma cells is improved by suppressing inflammation through the administration of 4-MU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Saga
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Kazuki Hasegawa
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Kosho Murata
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Chiba
- Department of Bioscience and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Toshiya Nakamura
- Department of Bioscience and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Okumura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu-cho, Ishikari-gun, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
| | - Eichi Tsuruga
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Hosokawa
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
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Tezuka T, Ota A, Karnan S, Matsuura K, Yokoo K, Hosokawa Y, Vigetti D, Passi A, Hatano S, Umezawa K, Watanabe H. The plant alkaloid conophylline inhibits matrix formation of fibroblasts. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:20214-20226. [PMID: 30377255 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Conophylline is a Vinca alkaloid from leaves of the tropical plant Ervatamia microphylla and has been shown to mimic the effect of the growth and differentiation factor activin A on pancreatic progenitor cells. However, activin A stimulates fibrosis of pancreatic stellate cells, whereas conophylline inhibits it, suggesting that this compound may serve as an antifibrotic drug. Here we investigated the effects of conophylline on human foreskin fibroblasts, especially focusing on extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. A gene microarray analysis revealed that conophylline remarkably suppressed expression of the gene for hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) and of its antisense RNA, whereas the expression of collagen genes was unaffected. Of note, immunostaining experiments revealed that conophylline substantially inhibits incorporation of versican and collagens into the ECM in cells treated with transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), which promotes collagen synthesis, but not in cells not treated with TGFβ. Moreover, a protein biosynthesis assay disclosed that conophylline decreases collagen biosynthesis, concomitant with a decrease in total protein biosynthesis, indicating that conophylline-mediated inhibition of fibrosis is not specific to collagen synthesis. Conophylline affected neither TGFβ-induced nuclear translocation of SMAD family member 2/3 (SMAD2/3) nor phosphorylation of SMAD2. However, conophylline substantially inhibited phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), suggesting that conophylline inhibits HAS2 expression via TGFβ-mediated activation of the ERK1/2 pathway. Taken together, our results indicate that conophylline may be a useful inhibitor of ECM formation in fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiko Tezuka
- From the Departments of Pharmacy, via Guicciardini 9, Varese 21100, Italy; Institute for Molecular Science of Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan and
| | - Akinobu Ota
- Biochemistry, and via Guicciardini 9, Varese 21100, Italy
| | | | - Katsuhiko Matsuura
- From the Departments of Pharmacy, via Guicciardini 9, Varese 21100, Italy
| | - Kazuhisa Yokoo
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and via Guicciardini 9, Varese 21100, Italy
| | | | - Davide Vigetti
- the Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via Guicciardini 9, Varese 21100, Italy
| | - Alberto Passi
- the Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, via Guicciardini 9, Varese 21100, Italy
| | - Sonoko Hatano
- Institute for Molecular Science of Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan and
| | - Kazuo Umezawa
- Molecular Target Medicine and via Guicciardini 9, Varese 21100, Italy
| | - Hideto Watanabe
- Institute for Molecular Science of Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan and.
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Chen JWE, Pedron S, Shyu P, Hu Y, Sarkaria JN, Harley BAC. Influence of Hyaluronic Acid Transitions in Tumor Microenvironment on Glioblastoma Malignancy and Invasive Behavior. FRONTIERS IN MATERIALS 2018; 5:39. [PMID: 30581816 PMCID: PMC6300158 DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2018.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is critical in tumor growth and invasive potential of cancer cells. In glioblastoma tumors, some components of the native brain ECM such as hyaluronic acid (HA) have been suggested as key regulators of processes associated with poor patient outlook such as invasion and therapeutic resistance. Given the importance of cell-mediated remodeling during invasion, it is likely that the molecular weight of available HA polymer may strongly influence GBM progression. Biomaterial platforms therefore provide a unique opportunity to systematically examine the influence of the molecular weight distribution of HA on GBM cell activity. Here we report the relationship between the molecular weight of matrix-bound HA within a methacrylamidefunctionalized gelatin (GelMA) hydrogel, the invasive phenotype of a patient-derived xenograft GBM population that exhibits significant in vivo invasivity, and the local production of soluble HA during GBM cell invasion. Hyaluronic acid of different molecular weights spanning a range associated with cell-mediated remodeling (10, 60, and 500 kDa) was photopolymerized into GelMA hydrogels, with cell activity compared to GelMA only conditions (-HA). Polymerization conditions were tuned to create a homologous series of GelMA hydrogels with conserved poroelastic properties (i.e., shear modulus, Poisson's ratio, and diffusivity). GBM migration was strongly influenced by HA molecular weight; while markers associated with active remodeling of HA (hyaluronan synthase and hyaluronidase) were found to be uninfluenced. These results provide new information regarding the importance of local hyaluronic acid content on the invasive phenotype of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee-Wei E. Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Sara Pedron
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Peter Shyu
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Yuhang Hu
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Jann N. Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Brendan A. C. Harley
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
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Richmond CS, Oldenburg D, Dancik G, Meier DR, Weinhaus B, Theodorescu D, Guin S. Glycogen debranching enzyme (AGL) is a novel regulator of non-small cell lung cancer growth. Oncotarget 2018; 9:16718-16730. [PMID: 29682180 PMCID: PMC5908281 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycogen debranching enzyme (AGL) and Glycogen phosphorylase (PYG) are responsible for glycogen breakdown. We have earlier shown that AGL is a regulator of bladder tumor growth. Here we investigate the role of AGL in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) driven knockdown of AGL resulted in increased anchorage independent and xenograft growth of NSCLC cells. We further establish that an increase in hyaluronic acid (HA) synthesis driven by Hyaluronic Acid Synthase 2 (HAS2) is critical for anchorage independent growth of NSCLC cells with AGL loss. Using gene knockdown approach against HAS2 and by using 4-methylumbelliferone (4MU), an inhibitor of HA synthesis, we show that HA synthesis is critical for growth of NSCLC cells that have lost AGL. We further show NSCLC cells without AGL expression are dependent on RHAMM for HA signaling and growth. Analysis of NSCLC patient datasets established that patients with low AGL/high HAS2 or low AGL/high RHAMM mRNA expression have poor overall survival compared to patients with high AGL/low HAS2 or high AGL/low RHAMM expression. We show for the first time that loss of AGL promotes anchorage independent growth of NSCLC cells. We further show that HAS2 driven HA synthesis and signaling via RHAMM is critical in regulating growth of these cancer cells with AGL loss. Further patients presenting with low AGL and HAS2 or RHAMM over expressing tumors might present the ideal cohort who would respond to inhibitors of HA synthesis and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig S Richmond
- Medical Research, Gundersen Medical Foundation, La Crosse, WI, USA
| | - Darby Oldenburg
- Medical Research, Gundersen Medical Foundation, La Crosse, WI, USA
| | - Garrett Dancik
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eastern Connecticut State University, Willimantic, CT, USA
| | - David R Meier
- Medical Research, Gundersen Medical Foundation, La Crosse, WI, USA
| | | | - Dan Theodorescu
- Department of Surgery (Urology), University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sunny Guin
- Medical Research, Gundersen Medical Foundation, La Crosse, WI, USA
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Heldin P, Lin CY, Kolliopoulos C, Chen YH, Skandalis SS. Regulation of hyaluronan biosynthesis and clinical impact of excessive hyaluronan production. Matrix Biol 2018; 78-79:100-117. [PMID: 29374576 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The tightly regulated biosynthesis and catabolism of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan, as well as its role in organizing tissues and cell signaling, is crucial for the homeostasis of tissues. Overexpression of hyaluronan plays pivotal roles in inflammation and cancer, and markedly high serum and tissue levels of hyaluronan are noted under such pathological conditions. This review focuses on the complexity of the regulation at transcriptional and posttranslational level of hyaluronan synthetic enzymes, and the outcome of their aberrant expression and accumulation of hyaluronan in clinical conditions, such as systemic B-cell cancers, aggressive breast carcinomas, metabolic diseases and virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Heldin
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Box 582, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Chun-Yu Lin
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Box 582, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Sepsis Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Constantinos Kolliopoulos
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Box 582, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yen-Hsu Chen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Sepsis Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin Chu, Taiwan
| | - Spyros S Skandalis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26110 Patras, Greece
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