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Krempski J, Yamani A, Thota LNR, Marella S, Ganesan V, Sharma A, Kaneshige A, Bai L, Zhou H, Foster PS, Wang S, Obi AT, Hogan SP. IL-4-STAT6 axis amplifies histamine-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction and hypovolemic shock. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 154:719-734. [PMID: 38777155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mast cell-derived mediators induce vasodilatation and fluid extravasation, leading to cardiovascular failure in severe anaphylaxis. We previously revealed a synergistic interaction between the cytokine IL-4 and the mast cell-derived mediator histamine in modulating vascular endothelial (VE) dysfunction and severe anaphylaxis. The mechanism by which IL-4 exacerbates histamine-induced VE dysfunction and severe anaphylaxis is unknown. OBJECTIVE We sought to identify the IL-4-induced molecular processes regulating the amplification of histamine-induced VE barrier dysfunction and the severity of IgE-mediated anaphylactic reactions. METHODS RNA sequencing, Western blot, Ca2+ imaging, and barrier functional analyses were performed on the VE cell line (EA.hy926). Pharmacologic degraders (selective proteolysis-targeting chimera) and genetic (lentiviral short hairpin RNA) inhibitors were used to determine the roles of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and STAT6 in conjunction with in vivo model systems of histamine-induced hypovolemic shock. RESULTS IL-4 enhancement of histamine-induced VE barrier dysfunction was associated with increased VE-cadherin degradation, intracellular calcium flux, and phosphorylated Src levels and required transcription and de novo protein synthesis. RNA sequencing analyses of IL-4-stimulated VE cells identified dysregulation of genes involved in cell proliferation, cell development, and cell growth, and transcription factor motif analyses revealed a significant enrichment of differential expressed genes with putative STAT3 and STAT6 motif. IL-4 stimulation in EA.hy926 cells induced both serine residue 727 and tyrosine residue 705 phosphorylation of STAT3. Genetic and pharmacologic ablation of VE STAT3 activity revealed a role for STAT3 in basal VE barrier function; however, IL-4 enhancement and histamine-induced VE barrier dysfunction was predominantly STAT3 independent. In contrast, IL-4 enhancement and histamine-induced VE barrier dysfunction was STAT6 dependent. Consistent with this finding, pharmacologic knockdown of STAT6 abrogated IL-4-mediated amplification of histamine-induced hypovolemia. CONCLUSIONS These studies unveil a novel role of the IL-4/STAT6 signaling axis in the priming of VE cells predisposing to exacerbation of histamine-induced anaphylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Krempski
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Amnah Yamani
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sahiti Marella
- Department of Pathology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Varsha Ganesan
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich; Department of Pathology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Ankit Sharma
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Atsunori Kaneshige
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich; Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Longchuan Bai
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich; Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Haibin Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich; Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Paul S Foster
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, and Immune Health Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Shaomeng Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich; Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Andrea T Obi
- Conrad Jobst Vascular Research Laboratories, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Simon P Hogan
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich; Department of Pathology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.
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2
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Bettinetti-Luque M, Trujillo-Estrada L, Garcia-Fuentes E, Andreo-Lopez J, Sanchez-Varo R, Garrido-Sánchez L, Gómez-Mediavilla Á, López MG, Garcia-Caballero M, Gutierrez A, Baglietto-Vargas D. Adipose tissue as a therapeutic target for vascular damage in Alzheimer's disease. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:840-878. [PMID: 37706346 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue has recently been recognized as an important endocrine organ that plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and in the immune response in many metabolic tissues. With this regard, emerging evidence indicates that an important crosstalk exists between the adipose tissue and the brain. However, the contribution of adipose tissue to the development of age-related diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, remains poorly defined. New studies suggest that the adipose tissue modulates brain function through a range of endogenous biologically active factors known as adipokines, which can cross the blood-brain barrier to reach the target areas in the brain or to regulate the function of the blood-brain barrier. In this review, we discuss the effects of several adipokines on the physiology of the blood-brain barrier, their contribution to the development of Alzheimer's disease and their therapeutic potential. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue From Alzheimer's Disease to Vascular Dementia: Different Roads Leading to Cognitive Decline. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v181.6/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Bettinetti-Luque
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Laura Trujillo-Estrada
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Garcia-Fuentes
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juana Andreo-Lopez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Raquel Sanchez-Varo
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Histología Humana, Anatomía Patológica y Educación Física y Deportiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Lourdes Garrido-Sánchez
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
| | - Ángela Gómez-Mediavilla
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina. Instituto Teófilo Hernando para la I+D de Fármacos, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuela G López
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina. Instituto Teófilo Hernando para la I+D de Fármacos, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IIS-IP), Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Melissa Garcia-Caballero
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonia Gutierrez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Baglietto-Vargas
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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3
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Zhang W, Xiao D, Mao Q, Xia H. Role of neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration development. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:267. [PMID: 37433768 PMCID: PMC10336149 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01486-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 138.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and so on, have suggested that inflammation is not only a result of neurodegeneration but also a crucial player in this process. Protein aggregates which are very common pathological phenomenon in neurodegeneration can induce neuroinflammation which further aggravates protein aggregation and neurodegeneration. Actually, inflammation even happens earlier than protein aggregation. Neuroinflammation induced by genetic variations in CNS cells or by peripheral immune cells may induce protein deposition in some susceptible population. Numerous signaling pathways and a range of CNS cells have been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration, although they are still far from being completely understood. Due to the limited success of traditional treatment methods, blocking or enhancing inflammatory signaling pathways involved in neurodegeneration are considered to be promising strategies for the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases, and many of them have got exciting results in animal models or clinical trials. Some of them, although very few, have been approved by FDA for clinical usage. Here we comprehensively review the factors affecting neuroinflammation and the major inflammatory signaling pathways involved in the pathogenicity of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We also summarize the current strategies, both in animal models and in the clinic, for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Zhang
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an, 710062, P.R. China
| | - Dan Xiao
- The State Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Air Force Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, P.R. China
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Qinwen Mao
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, 2000 Circle of Hope Drive, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Haibin Xia
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an, 710062, P.R. China.
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4
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Guo X, Liu R, Jia M, Wang Q, Wu J. Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Induced Blood Brain Barrier Dysfunction and the Involved Molecular Mechanism. Neurochem Res 2023:10.1007/s11064-023-03923-x. [PMID: 37017889 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03923-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is characterized by the abrupt failure of blood flow to a specific brain region, resulting in insufficient supply of oxygen and glucose to the ischemic tissues. Timely reperfusion of blood flow can rescue dying tissue but can also lead to secondary damage to both the infarcted tissues and the blood-brain barrier, known as ischemia/reperfusion injury. Both primary and secondary damage result in biphasic opening of the blood-brain barrier, leading to blood-brain barrier dysfunction and vasogenic edema. Importantly, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, inflammation, and microglial activation are critical factors that worsen stroke outcomes. Activated microglia secrete numerous cytokines, chemokines, and inflammatory factors during neuroinflammation, contributing to the second opening of the blood-brain barrier and worsening the outcome of ischemic stroke. TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and other microglia-derived molecules have been shown to be involved in the breakdown of blood-brain barrier. Additionally, other non-microglia-derived molecules such as RNA, HSPs, and transporter proteins also participate in the blood-brain barrier breakdown process after ischemic stroke, either in the primary damage stage directly influencing tight junction proteins and endothelial cells, or in the secondary damage stage participating in the following neuroinflammation. This review summarizes the cellular and molecular components of the blood-brain barrier and concludes the association of microglia-derived and non-microglia-derived molecules with blood-brain barrier dysfunction and its underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 10070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 10070, China
| | - Ru Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 10070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 10070, China
| | - Meng Jia
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 10070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 10070, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 10070, China
| | - Jianping Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 10070, China.
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 10070, China.
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5
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Kriaučiūnaitė K, Pociūtė A, Kaušylė A, Verkhratsky A, Pivoriūnas A. Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Opens and Closes the Endothelial Blood-Brain Barrier in a Concentration-Dependent Manner. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:1211-1221. [PMID: 35859077 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03678-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Multiple paracrine factors are implicated in the regulation of barrier properties of human brain endothelial cells (BECs) in different physiologic and pathologic settings. We have recently demonstrated that autocrine secretion of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) by BECs is necessary for the establishment of endothelial barrier (as demonstrated by high trans-endothelial electric resistance, TEER), whereas exogenous bFGF inhibits TEER in a concentration-dependent manner. In the present study we analysed the contribution of MAPK/ERK and STAT3 signalling pathways to the inhibitory effects of exogenous bFGF. Treatment with bFGF (8 ng/ml) for 3 days increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and STAT3. Treatment with FGF receptor 1 (FGFR1) inhibitor PD173074 (15 μM) suppressed both basal and bFGF-induced activation of ERK1/2 and STAT3. Suppression of STAT signalling with Janus kinase inhibitor JAKi (15 nM) alone or in the presence of bFGF did not change TEER in BEC monolayers. Exposure to JAKi affected neither proliferation, nor expression and distribution of tight junction (TJ) proteins claudin-5, occludin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1). In contrast, treatment with MEK 1/2 inhibitor U0126 (10 μM) partially neutralised inhibitory effect of bFGF thus increasing TEER, whereas U0126 alone did not affect resistance of endothelial barrier. Our findings demonstrate that MAPK/ERK signalling pathway does not affect autocrine bFGF signalling-dependent BECs barrier function but is largely responsible for the disruptive effects of the exogenous bFGF. We speculate that bFGF may (depending on concentration and possibly origin) dynamically regulate permeability of the endothelial blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kriaučiūnaitė
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, 01102, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Agnė Pociūtė
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, 01102, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aida Kaušylė
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, 01102, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Alexei Verkhratsky
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, 01102, Vilnius, Lithuania.
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Achucarro Centre for Neuroscience, 48011, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Augustas Pivoriūnas
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, 01102, Vilnius, Lithuania.
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6
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Senescence in brain pericytes attenuates blood-brain barrier function in vitro: A comparison of serially passaged and isolated pericytes from aged rat brains. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 645:154-163. [PMID: 36689812 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Aging is associated with the dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which comprises brain microvessel endothelial cells (BMECs), astrocytes, and pericytes. Pericytes are present at intervals along the walls of the brain capillaries and play a key role in maintaining BBB integrity. Accumulation of senescent cells and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in the brain facilitate the development of age-related neurodegenerative diseases with BBB dysfunction. However, the ability of pericytes to support BBB integrity and their correlation with cellular senescence or aging remain unknown. Here, we investigated cellular senescence in pericytes focusing on its impact on BBB function using BBB models comprising intact BMECs co-cultured with senescent pericytes, which were obtained through a serial passage or isolated from 18-month-old rats. To assess BBB function, transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and permeability of sodium fluorescein (Na-F) were studied. Both serially passaged pericytes (in passage 4, 7, and 10) and aged pericytes isolated from 18-month-old rats showed decreased TEER and enhanced permeability of BMECs to Na-F compared to that of normal pericytes (passage 2 or young). Furthermore, serially passaged and aged pericytes showed characteristic features of cellular senescence, including increased β-galactosidase activity, cell cycle arrest, enhanced expression of mRNA, and SASP factors. However, the senescence-induced mRNA expression profile of pericyte markers varied between serially passaged and aged pericytes. Hence, in vitro serial passages and isolation from naturally aged rodents differently influenced genetic and biochemical features of senescent brain pericytes. We conclude that senescent brain pericytes can induce BBB dysfunction and those isolated from aged rodents retain the senescence-specific properties. Our findings provide an alternative tool to investigate the senescence in brain pericytes in vitro.
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7
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Hermans D, Houben E, Baeten P, Slaets H, Janssens K, Hoeks C, Hosseinkhani B, Duran G, Bormans S, Gowing E, Hoornaert C, Beckers L, Fung WK, Schroten H, Ishikawa H, Fraussen J, Thoelen R, de Vries HE, Kooij G, Zandee S, Prat A, Hellings N, Broux B. Oncostatin M triggers brain inflammation by compromising blood-brain barrier integrity. Acta Neuropathol 2022; 144:259-281. [PMID: 35666306 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-022-02445-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Oncostatin M (OSM) is an IL-6 family member which exerts neuroprotective and remyelination-promoting effects after damage to the central nervous system (CNS). However, the role of OSM in neuro-inflammation is poorly understood. Here, we investigated OSM's role in pathological events important for the neuro-inflammatory disorder multiple sclerosis (MS). We show that OSM receptor (OSMRβ) expression is increased on circulating lymphocytes of MS patients, indicating their elevated responsiveness to OSM signalling. In addition, OSM production by activated myeloid cells and astrocytes is increased in MS brain lesions. In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a preclinical model of MS, OSMRβ-deficient mice exhibit milder clinical symptoms, accompanied by diminished T helper 17 (Th17) cell infiltration into the CNS and reduced BBB leakage. In vitro, OSM reduces BBB integrity by downregulating the junctional molecules claudin-5 and VE-cadherin, while promoting secretion of the Th17-attracting chemokine CCL20 by inflamed BBB-endothelial cells and reactive astrocytes. Using flow cytometric fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) quantification, we found that OSM-induced endothelial CCL20 promotes activation of lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) on Th17 cells. Moreover, CCL20 enhances Th17 cell adhesion to OSM-treated inflamed endothelial cells, which is at least in part ICAM-1 mediated. Together, these data identify an OSM-CCL20 axis, in which OSM contributes significantly to BBB impairment during neuro-inflammation by inducing permeability while recruiting Th17 cells via enhanced endothelial CCL20 secretion and integrin activation. Therefore, care should be taken when considering OSM as a therapeutic agent for treatment of neuro-inflammatory diseases such as MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doryssa Hermans
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Evelien Houben
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Paulien Baeten
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Helena Slaets
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Kris Janssens
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Cindy Hoeks
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Baharak Hosseinkhani
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Gayel Duran
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Seppe Bormans
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Elizabeth Gowing
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM (CRCHUM), Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Chloé Hoornaert
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM (CRCHUM), Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lien Beckers
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Wing Ka Fung
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Horst Schroten
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Children's Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Judith Fraussen
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Ronald Thoelen
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Helga E de Vries
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gijs Kooij
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stephanie Zandee
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM (CRCHUM), Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandre Prat
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM (CRCHUM), Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Niels Hellings
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Bieke Broux
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium. .,Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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8
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Uddin MA, Akhter MS, Kubra KT, Barabutis N. Hsp90 inhibition protects brain endothelial cells against LPS-induced injury. Biofactors 2022; 48:926-933. [PMID: 35266593 PMCID: PMC10131175 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) endothelium increases infiltration of lymphocytes and innate immune cells in the brain, leading to the development of neurological disorders. Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitors are anti-inflammatory agents and P53 inducers, which reduce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a diverse variety of human tissues. In this study, we investigate the effects of those compounds in LPS-induced brain endothelial inflammation, by utilizing human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3). Our results suggest that Hsp90 inhibitors suppress inflammation by inhibiting the LPS-induced signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3); and P38 activation. Moreover, those compounds reduce the P53 suppressors murine double minute 2 (MDM2) and murine double minute 4 (MDM4). Immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein/glucose-regulated protein 78 (BiP/Grp78)-a key element of endothelial barrier integrity-was also increased by Hsp90 inhibition. Hence, we conclude that application of Hsp90 inhibitors in diseases related to BBB dysfunction may deliver a novel therapeutic possibility in the affected population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Uddin
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, USA
| | - Mohammad S Akhter
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, USA
| | - Khadeja-Tul Kubra
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, USA
| | - Nektarios Barabutis
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, USA
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9
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Mills WA, Woo AM, Jiang S, Martin J, Surendran D, Bergstresser M, Kimbrough IF, Eyo UB, Sofroniew MV, Sontheimer H. Astrocyte plasticity in mice ensures continued endfoot coverage of cerebral blood vessels following injury and declines with age. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1794. [PMID: 35379828 PMCID: PMC8980042 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29475-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes extend endfeet that enwrap the vasculature, and disruptions to this association which may occur in disease coincide with breaches in blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. Here we investigate if focal ablation of astrocytes is sufficient to disrupt the BBB in mice. Targeted two-photon chemical apoptotic ablation of astrocytes induced a plasticity response whereby surrounding astrocytes extended processes to cover vascular vacancies. In young animals, replacement processes occur in advance of endfoot retraction, but this is delayed in aged animals. Stimulation of replacement astrocytes results in constriction of pre-capillary arterioles, suggesting that replacement astrocytes are functional. Pharmacological inhibition of pSTAT3, as well as astrocyte specific deletion of pSTAT3, reduces astrocyte replacement post-ablation, without perturbations to BBB integrity. Similar endfoot replacement occurs following astrocyte cell death due to reperfusion in a stroke model. Together, these studies uncover the ability of astrocytes to maintain cerebrovascular coverage via substitution from nearby cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A. Mills
- grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XBrain, Immunology, and Glia Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA USA ,grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA USA ,grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XRobert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA USA ,grid.438526.e0000 0001 0694 4940Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, & Health, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA USA
| | - AnnaLin M. Woo
- grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XBrain, Immunology, and Glia Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA USA ,grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA USA
| | - Shan Jiang
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Material Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA ,grid.168010.e0000000419368956Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Joelle Martin
- grid.438526.e0000 0001 0694 4940Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, & Health, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA USA
| | - Dayana Surendran
- grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XBrain, Immunology, and Glia Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA USA ,grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA USA
| | - Matthew Bergstresser
- grid.438526.e0000 0001 0694 4940School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA USA
| | - Ian F. Kimbrough
- grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XBrain, Immunology, and Glia Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA USA ,grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA USA
| | - Ukpong B. Eyo
- grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XBrain, Immunology, and Glia Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA USA ,grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA USA ,grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XRobert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA USA
| | - Michael V. Sofroniew
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Neurobiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Harald Sontheimer
- grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XBrain, Immunology, and Glia Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA USA ,grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA USA
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10
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Takata F, Nakagawa S, Matsumoto J, Dohgu S. Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction Amplifies the Development of Neuroinflammation: Understanding of Cellular Events in Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells for Prevention and Treatment of BBB Dysfunction. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:661838. [PMID: 34588955 PMCID: PMC8475767 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.661838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is involved in the onset or progression of various neurodegenerative diseases. Initiation of neuroinflammation is triggered by endogenous substances (damage-associated molecular patterns) and/or exogenous pathogens. Activation of glial cells (microglia and astrocytes) is widely recognized as a hallmark of neuroinflammation and triggers the release of proinflammatory cytokines, leading to neurotoxicity and neuronal dysfunction. Another feature associated with neuroinflammatory diseases is impairment of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB, which is composed of brain endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, maintains brain homeostasis and protects neurons. Impairment of this barrier allows trafficking of immune cells or plasma proteins into the brain parenchyma and subsequent inflammatory processes in the brain. Besides neurons, activated glial cells also affect BBB integrity. Therefore, BBB dysfunction can amplify neuroinflammation and act as a key process in the development of neuroinflammation. BBB integrity is determined by the integration of multiple signaling pathways within brain endothelial cells through intercellular communication between brain endothelial cells and brain perivascular cells (pericytes, astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes). For prevention of BBB disruption, both cellular components, such as signaling molecules in brain endothelial cells, and non-cellular components, such as inflammatory mediators released by perivascular cells, should be considered. Thus, understanding of intracellular signaling pathways that disrupt the BBB can provide novel treatments for neurological diseases associated with neuroinflammation. In this review, we discuss current knowledge regarding the underlying mechanisms involved in BBB impairment by inflammatory mediators released by perivascular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyuko Takata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Nakagawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junichi Matsumoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinya Dohgu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
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11
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Traber KE, Dimbo EL, Shenoy AT, Symer EM, Allen E, Mizgerd JP, Quinton LJ. Neutrophil-Derived Oncostatin M Triggers Diverse Signaling Pathways during Pneumonia. Infect Immun 2021; 89:e00655-20. [PMID: 33526570 PMCID: PMC8090961 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00655-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pneumonia is a major public health concern, causing significant morbidity and mortality annually despite the broad use of antimicrobial agents. Underlying many of the severe sequelae of acute lung infections is dysfunction of the immune response, which remains incompletely understood yet is an attractive target of adjunct therapy in pneumonia. Here, we investigate the role of oncostatin M (OSM), a pleiotropic cytokine of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) family, and how its signaling modulates multiple innate immune pathways during pneumonia. Previously, we showed that OSM is necessary for neutrophil recruitment to the lungs during pneumonia by stimulating STAT3-driven CXCL5 expression. In this study, transcriptional profiling of whole-lung pneumonia with OSM neutralization revealed 241 differentially expressed genes following only 6 h of infection. Many downregulated genes are associated with STAT1, STAT3, and interferon signaling, suggesting these pathways are induced by OSM early in pneumonia. Interestingly, STAT1 and STAT3 activation was subsequently upregulated with OSM neutralization by 24 h, suggesting that OSM interruption dysregulates these central signaling pathways. When we investigated the source of OSM in pneumonia, neutrophils and, to a lesser extent, macrophages appear to be primary sources, suggesting a positive feedback loop of OSM production by neutrophils. From these studies, we conclude that OSM produced by recruited neutrophils tunes early innate immune signaling pathways, improving pneumonia outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina E Traber
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ernest L Dimbo
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anukul T Shenoy
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elise M Symer
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eri Allen
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joseph P Mizgerd
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lee J Quinton
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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12
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Abstract
Effective biomarkers for multiple sclerosis diagnosis, assessment of prognosis, and treatment responses, in particular those measurable in blood, are largely lacking. We have investigated a broad set of protein biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma using a highly sensitive proteomic immunoassay. Cases from two independent cohorts were compared with healthy controls and patients with other neurological diseases. We identified and replicated 10 cerebrospinal fluid proteins including IL-12B, CD5, MIP-1a, and CXCL9 which had a combined diagnostic efficacy similar to immunoglobulin G (IgG) index and neurofilament light chain (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.95). Two plasma proteins, OSM and HGF, were also associated with multiple sclerosis in comparison to healthy controls. Sensitivity and specificity of combined CSF and plasma markers for multiple sclerosis were 85.7% and 73.5%, respectively. In the discovery cohort, eotaxin-1 (CCL11) was associated with disease duration particularly in patients who had secondary progressive disease (P CSF < 4 × 10-5, P plasma < 4 × 10-5), and plasma CCL20 was associated with disease severity (P = 4 × 10-5), although both require further validation. Treatment with natalizumab and fingolimod showed different compartmental changes in protein levels of CSF and peripheral blood, respectively, including many disease-associated markers (e.g., IL12B, CD5) showing potential application for both diagnosing disease and monitoring treatment efficacy. We report a number of multiple sclerosis biomarkers in CSF and plasma for early disease detection and potential indicators for disease activity. Of particular importance is the set of markers discovered in blood, where validated biomarkers are lacking.
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13
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Takata F, Dohgu S, Sakaguchi S, Sakai K, Yamanaka G, Iwao T, Matsumoto J, Kimura I, Sezaki Y, Tanaka Y, Yamauchi A, Kataoka Y. Oncostatin-M-Reactive Pericytes Aggravate Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction by Activating JAK/STAT3 Signaling In Vitro. Neuroscience 2019; 422:12-20. [PMID: 31705893 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oncostatin M (OSM) is a cytokine of the interleukin (IL)-6 family members. It induces blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction by activating Janus-activated kinase (JAK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 pathways in brain endothelial cells. Brain pericytes located around microvessels are one of the BBB constituents. Pericytes work as a boundary surface between the blood circulation and brain parenchyma, and their functions are altered under pathophysiological conditions, leading to BBB dysregulation. However, it remains unknown whether pericytes are associated with OSM-induced BBB dysfunction. We demonstrated that pericyte exposure to OSM (100 ng/mL) elevated phosphorylation of STAT3, a main OSM signaling pathway, and that pericytes expressed OSM receptors (OSMRs) including OSMRβ and glycoprotein 130. These results suggest that pericytes are able to respond to OSM. To determine the effects of OSM-reactive pericytes on BBB functions, rat brain endothelial cell (RBEC) monolayers were cultured with OSM-treated pericytes. The presence of pericytes exposed to 100 ng/mL of OSM for 48 h aggravated both the elevated permeability to sodium fluorescein and the lowered transendothelial electrical resistance which were induced by OSM in RBECs. This OSM-reactive pericyte-induced aggravation of lowered RBEC barrier function was reversed by ruxolitinib, a JAK inhibitor. These findings suggest that activated JAK/STAT3 signaling in pericytes contributes to OSM-produced BBB breakdown. Thus, OSM-reactive pericytes may have to be considered a characteristic machinery in the formation and progression of BBB breakdown under pathological conditions associated with increased OSM levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyuko Takata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Shinya Dohgu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Shinya Sakaguchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kenta Sakai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Gaku Yamanaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Takuro Iwao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Junichi Matsumoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Ikuya Kimura
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Yume Sezaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Yoshie Tanaka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamauchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Kataoka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
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14
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Polak KL, Chernosky NM, Smigiel JM, Tamagno I, Jackson MW. Balancing STAT Activity as a Therapeutic Strategy. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111716. [PMID: 31684144 PMCID: PMC6895889 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Driven by dysregulated IL-6 family member cytokine signaling in the tumor microenvironment (TME), aberrant signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT3) and (STAT5) activation have been identified as key contributors to tumorigenesis. Following transformation, persistent STAT3 activation drives the emergence of mesenchymal/cancer-stem cell (CSC) properties, important determinants of metastatic potential and therapy failure. Moreover, STAT3 signaling within tumor-associated macrophages and neutrophils drives secretion of factors that facilitate metastasis and suppress immune cell function. Persistent STAT5 activation is responsible for cancer cell maintenance through suppression of apoptosis and tumor suppressor signaling. Furthermore, STAT5-mediated CD4+/CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been implicated in suppression of immunosurveillance. We discuss these roles for STAT3 and STAT5, and weigh the attractiveness of different modes of targeting each cancer therapy. Moreover, we discuss how anti-tumorigenic STATs, including STAT1 and STAT2, may be leveraged to suppress the pro-tumorigenic functions of STAT3/STAT5 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey L Polak
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Noah M Chernosky
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Jacob M Smigiel
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Ilaria Tamagno
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Mark W Jackson
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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15
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Zhang J, Dong B, Hao J, Yi S, Cai W, Luo Z. LncRNA Snhg3 contributes to dysfunction of cerebral microvascular cells in intracerebral hemorrhage rats by activating the TWEAK/Fn14/STAT3 pathway. Life Sci 2019; 237:116929. [PMID: 31610210 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
LncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 3 (Snhg3) has been involved in cell proliferation and migration in malignant cells. However, its role in regulating functions of non-malignant cells has been hardly reported. Here, we found Snhg3 expression was sharply induced in primary brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs) treated with oxygen-and-glucose-deprivation (OGD) plus hemin, an in vitro model of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Downregulation of Snhg3 by siRNA transfection improved cell proliferation and migration abilities and reduced cell apoptosis and monolayer permeability in BMVECs under treatment with OGD plus hemin. Snhg3 overexpression suppressed cell proliferation and migration and increased cell apoptosis and monolayer permeability under normal condition. In ICH rats, downregulation of Snhg3 by siRNA injection improved behavioral and histological manifestations, including number of right turns, limb placement score, integrity of blood-brain barrier (BBB), brain water content and cell apoptosis in vivo. In the mechanism exploration, we found that, TWEAK and Snhg3 displayed a positive correlation with each other. Snhg3 overexpression increased expression of TWEAK protein and its receptor Fn14, that were also induced by OGD plus hemin, activating the downstream neuroinflammatory pathway STAT3 and enhancing the secretion of MMP-2/9. Finally, the TWEAK-siRNA, the Fn14 inhibitor ATA and the STAT3 blocker AG490 were respectively used to treat BMVECs under treatment with OGD plus hemin. Our results showed either TWEAK downregulation, Fn14 inhibition, or STAT3 blockade, could rescue Snhg3-induced impairment of BMVEC functions. In conclusion, the lncRNA Snhg3 contributes to dysfunction of cerebral microvascular cells in ICH rats by activating the TWEAK/Fn14/STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shannxi province, PR China
| | - Buhuai Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shannxi province, PR China
| | - Jianhong Hao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shannxi province, PR China
| | - Shuangqiang Yi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shannxi province, PR China
| | - Wenbo Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shannxi province, PR China
| | - Zhenguo Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shannxi province, PR China.
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16
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Houben E, Hellings N, Broux B. Oncostatin M, an Underestimated Player in the Central Nervous System. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1165. [PMID: 31191538 PMCID: PMC6549448 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For a long time, the central nervous system (CNS) was believed to be an immune privileged organ. In the last decades, it became apparent that the immune system interacts with the CNS not only in pathological, but also in homeostatic situations. It is now clear that immune cells infiltrate the healthy CNS as part of immune surveillance and that immune cells communicate through cytokines with CNS resident cells. In pathological conditions, an enhanced infiltration of immune cells takes place to fight the pathogen. A well-known family of cytokines is the interleukin (IL)-6 cytokine family. All members are important in cell communication and cell signaling in the immune system. One of these members is oncostatin M (OSM), for which the receptor is expressed on several cells of the CNS. However, the biological function of OSM in the CNS is not studied in detail. Here, we briefly describe the general aspects related to OSM biology, including signaling and receptor binding. Thereafter, the current understanding of OSM during CNS homeostasis and pathology is summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien Houben
- Department of Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Niels Hellings
- Department of Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Bieke Broux
- Department of Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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