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Xu Y, Huang L, Zhuang Y, Huang H. Modulation of adipose tissue metabolism by exosomes in obesity. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 326:E709-E722. [PMID: 38416071 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00155.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Obesity and its related metabolic complications represent a significant global health challenge. Central to this is the dysregulation of glucolipid metabolism, with a predominant focus on glucose metabolic dysfunction in the current research, whereas adipose metabolism impairment garners less attention. Exosomes (EXs), small extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by various cells, have emerged as important mediators of intercellular communication and have the potential to be biomarkers, targets, and therapeutic tools for diverse diseases. In particular, EXs have been found to play a role in adipose metabolism by transporting cargoes such as noncoding RNAs (ncRNA), proteins, and other factors. This review article summarizes the current understanding of the role of EXs in mediating adipose metabolism disorders in obesity. It highlights their roles in adipogenesis (encompassing adipogenic differentiation and lipid synthesis), lipid catabolism, lipid transport, and white adipose browning. The insights provided by this review offer new avenues for developing exosome-based therapies to treat obesity and its associated comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Linghong Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhuang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huibin Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
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2
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Chen WT, Yang MJ, Tsuei YW, Su TC, Siao AC, Kuo YC, Huang LR, Chen Y, Chen SJ, Chen PC, Cheng CF, Ku HC, Kao YH. Green Tea Epigallocatechin Gallate Inhibits Preadipocyte Growth via the microRNA-let-7a/HMGA2 Signaling Pathway. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200336. [PMID: 36825504 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE This study investigates the effect of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on white and beige preadipocyte growth and explores the involvement of the miR-let-7a/HMGA2 pathway. METHODS AND RESULTS 3T3-L1 and D12 cells are treated with EGCG. The effect of EGCG on cell proliferation and viability is evaluated, as well as microRNA (miRNA)-related signaling pathways. EGCG inhibits 3T3-L1 and D12 preadipocyte growth, upregulates miR-let-7a expression, and downregulates high-mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) mRNA and protein levels in a time- and dose-dependent manner. In addition, overexpression of miR-let-7a significantly inhibits the growth of 3T3-L1 and D12 cells and decreases HMGA2 mRNA and protein levels. MiR-let-7a inhibitor antagonizes the inhibitory effects of EGCG on the number and viability of 3T3-L1 and D12 cells. Furthermore, miR-let-7a inhibitor reverses the EGCG-induced increase in miR-let-7a expression levels and decrease in HMGA2 mRNA and protein levels. HMGA2 overexpression induces an increase in cell number and viability and antagonizes EGCG-suppressed cell growth and HMGA2 expression in 3T3-L1 and D12 preadipocytes. CONCLUSION EGCG inhibits the growth of 3T3-L1 and D12 preadipocytes by modulating the miR-let-7a and HMGA2 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ting Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan
| | - Meei-Ju Yang
- Tea Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan Number 324 Chung-Hsing RD., Taoyuan, 326, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wei Tsuei
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, 325, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chen Su
- Tea Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan Number 324 Chung-Hsing RD., Taoyuan, 326, Taiwan
| | - An-Ci Siao
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Chii Kuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Landseed Hospital, Taoyuan, 324, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Ru Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan
| | - Sy-Jou Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chuan Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, 23142, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chen Ku
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, 23142, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsi Kao
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan
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Recent Advances in the Knowledge of the Mechanisms of Leptin Physiology and Actions in Neurological and Metabolic Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021422. [PMID: 36674935 PMCID: PMC9860943 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Excess body weight is frequently associated with low-grade inflammation. Evidence indicates a relationship between obesity and cancer, as well as with other diseases, such as diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, in which inflammation and the actions of various adipokines play a role in the pathological mechanisms involved in these disorders. Leptin is mainly produced by adipose tissue in proportion to fat stores, but it is also synthesized in other organs, where leptin receptors are expressed. This hormone performs numerous actions in the brain, mainly related to the control of energy homeostasis. It is also involved in neurogenesis and neuroprotection, and central leptin resistance is related to some neurological disorders, e.g., Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. In peripheral tissues, leptin is implicated in the regulation of metabolism, as well as of bone density and muscle mass. All these actions can be affected by changes in leptin levels and the mechanisms associated with resistance to this hormone. This review will present recent advances in the molecular mechanisms of leptin action and their underlying roles in pathological situations, which may be of interest for revealing new approaches for the treatment of diseases where the actions of this adipokine might be compromised.
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Mohammed A, Shaker OG, Khalil MAF, Gomaa M, Fathy SA, Abu-El-Azayem AK, Samy A, Aboelnor MI, Gomaa MS, Zaki OM, Erfan R. Long non-coding RNA NBAT1, TUG1, miRNA-335, and miRNA-21 as potential biomarkers for acute ischemic stroke and their possible correlation to thyroid hormones. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:914506. [PMID: 36250025 PMCID: PMC9565477 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.914506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: RNA-based mechanisms of epigenetic modification related to acute ischemic stroke (AIS) have been widely studied recently. The current work aimed to determine the potential roles of four ncRNAs (TUG1 and its target miR-21, NBAT1, and miR-335) as promising diagnostic biomarkers in AIS as well as their involvement in the disease pathogenesis. Methods: The levels of the studied lncRNAs and miRNAs were measured in the serum for two different groups, including patients with AIS (60) and healthy controls (60). All individuals were subjected to a full history investigation and clinical examination. Blood samples were tested for FBS, 2HPP, TAG, HDL, LDL, TSH, T3, and T4 levels. Results: The serum levels of TUG1 were significantly increased in AIS patients compared to control subjects. It is worthwhile to note that serum TUG1 levels were positively correlated with cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, carotid IMT (Intima-media thickness), and miR-21, while they were negatively correlated with HDL levels. Our study showed that NBAT1 serum expression levels were elevated in AIS patients compared to controls. NBAT1 expression levels were observed to be positively correlated with triglycerides, TUG1, and miR-21. NBAT1 could distinguish between AIS patients and controls with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 100% at a cut-off point of 1.45. Regarding miR-335, we found that its expression levels were downregulated in AIS patients compared with healthy controls. It could distinguish between AIS patients and controls with a sensitivity of 73.3% and a specificity of 100% at a cut-off point of 0.796. Conclusion: Our results revealed that serum TUG1, miR-21, NBAT1, and miR-335 could be promising molecular diagnostic markers for AIS as these biomarkers could discriminate between AIS patients and healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Mohammed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Olfat G. Shaker
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A. F. Khalil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Mahmoud A. F. Khalil, ; Randa Erfan,
| | - Mohammed Gomaa
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa A. Fathy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer K. Abu-El-Azayem
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira Samy
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud I. Aboelnor
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Gomaa
- Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Othman M. Zaki
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Randa Erfan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Mahmoud A. F. Khalil, ; Randa Erfan,
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Zhang L, Ma J, Pan X, Zhang M, Huang W, Liu Y, Yang H, Cheng Z, Zhang G, Qie M, Tong N. LncRNA MIR99AHG enhances adipocyte differentiation by targeting miR-29b-3p to upregulate PPARγ. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 550:111648. [PMID: 35430304 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim is to identify new long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved in adipocyte differentiation. METHODS High-throughput RNA sequencing of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes was carried out before and after differentiation to identify the target lncRNAs and miRNAs. The effects of lncRNA, miRNA and the network mechanism on adipocyte differentiation were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was collected from Chinese subjects with obesity or a normal body mass index (BMI), and the levels of lncRNAs, adipogenic genes and miRNAs were measured. RESULTS MIR99AHG, miR-29b-3p were selected as the target lncRNA and miRNA. Short hairpin RNA against MIR99AHG inhibited the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, reduced the expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), CCAAT enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα) and fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) genes, upregulated the expression of miR-29b-3p. Overexpression of MIR99AHG showed the opposite effects. Overexpression of miR-29b-3p inhibited the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and decreased the PPARγ level, while inhibition of miR-29b-3p showed the opposite effects. MIR99AHG and PPARγ competed for binding to miR-29b-3p. In mice with high-fat diet-induced obesity, MIR99AHG and miR-29b-3p mRNA level were increased and decreased, respectively. Tail vein injection of adeno-associated virus 9-MIR99AHG-RNA interference (AAV9-MIR99AHG-RNAi) reduced the body weight, epididymal fat mass, MIR99AHG level and increased the expression of miR-29b-3p. The expression levels of MIR99AHG, PPARγ, C/EBPα and FABP4 in human visceral adipose tissue were higher in the obese group than in the normal weight group. CONCLUSIONS MIR99AHG enhances adipogenesis by regulating miR-29b-3p and PPARγ, providing a new target for therapeutic intervention in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Laboratory of Diabetes and Islet Transplantation Research, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinfang Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Laboratory of Diabetes and Islet Transplantation Research, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohui Pan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Laboratory of Diabetes and Islet Transplantation Research, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huawu Yang
- Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhong Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guixiang Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingrong Qie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nanwei Tong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Laboratory of Diabetes and Islet Transplantation Research, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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6
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Allawe QH, Abed MQ, Abdullah HN. The possible effect of expressive plasma level of miRNA-21-5P on the serum level of IL-23 in with and without lupus nephritis patients. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Naudhani M, Thakur K, Ni ZJ, Zhang JG, Wei ZJ. Formononetin reshapes the gut microbiota, prevents progression of obesity and improves host metabolism. Food Funct 2021; 12:12303-12324. [PMID: 34821251 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02942h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Formononetin (FMNT) is an isoflavone that has been studied for its anti-hyperglycemic and anti-diabetic effects. However, the effect of FMNT on gut dysbiosis and metabolic complications associated with western-style diet consumption has not been reported yet. This study aimed to investigate how FMNT can reshape the gut microbiota at a specific dosage and ameliorate the symptoms of obesity-related metabolic disorders in both genders. Results indicate that FMNT at 60 mg per kg bodyweight dosage can effectively control body weight, hyperglycemia, and insulin resistance, leptin levels and improve HDL to LDL ratio. FMNT treatment suppressed Porphyromonadaceae (Uncultured Alistipes) and augmented maximum genera from families Lachnospiraceae and Clostridiacea, but at species level, formononetin increased Clostridium aldenense, Clostridiaceae unclassified, Eubacterium plexicaum; acetate and butyrate-producing bacteria. Moreover, formononetin regulated the expression of specific liver miRNA involved in obesity and down-regulated mRNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-22 and TNF-α. Additionally, FMNT maintained intestinal membrane integrity by regulating the expression of Muc-2 and occludin. Our findings indicate that FMNT could be a potential prebiotic that can effectively regulate the gut microbiota, improve host metabolism and systemic inflammation, and prevent deleterious effects of a western-style diet by elevating acetate lactate and lactate butyrate producers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahrukh Naudhani
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Microbiology, Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineering and management sciences, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Kiran Thakur
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhi-Jing Ni
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian-Guo Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhao-Jun Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Fontanella RA, Scisciola L, Rizzo MR, Surina S, Sardu C, Marfella R, Paolisso G, Barbieri M. Adiponectin Related Vascular and Cardiac Benefits in Obesity: Is There a Role for an Epigenetically Regulated Mechanism? Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:768026. [PMID: 34869683 PMCID: PMC8639875 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.768026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In obesity, several epigenetic modifications, including histones remodeling, DNA methylation, and microRNAs, could accumulate and determine increased expression of inflammatory molecules, the adipokines, that in turn might induce or accelerate the onset and development of cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. In order to better clarify the potential epigenetic mechanisms underlying the modulation of the inflammatory response by adipokines, the DNA methylation profile in peripheral leukocytes of the promoter region of IL-6 and NF-kB genes and plasma miRNA-21 levels were evaluated in 356 healthy subjects, using quantitative pyrosequencing-based analysis, and correlated with plasma adiponectin levels, body fat content and the primary pro-inflammatory markers. In addition, correlation analysis of DNA methylation profiles and miRNA-21 plasma levels with intima-media thickness (IMT), a surrogate marker for early atherosclerosis, left ventricular mass (LVM), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and cardiac performance index (MPI) was also performed to evaluate any potential clinical implication in terms of cardiovascular outcome. Results achieved confirmed the role of epigenetics in the obesity-related cardiovascular complications and firstly supported the potential role of plasma miRNA-21 and IL-6 and NF-kB DNA methylation changes in nucleated blood cells as potential biomarkers for predicting cardiovascular risk in obesity. Furthermore, our results, showing a role of adiponectin in preventing epigenetic modification induced by increased adipose tissue content in obese subjects, provide new evidence of an additional mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory properties and the cardiovascular benefits of adiponectin. The exact mechanisms underlying the obesity-related epigenetic modifications found in the blood cells and whether similar epigenetic changes reflect adipose and myocardial tissue modifications need to be further investigated in future experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Anna Fontanella
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Scisciola
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Rizzo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Surina Surina
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Celestino Sardu
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.,Mediterrannea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.,Mediterrannea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy
| | - Michelangela Barbieri
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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Sun J, Liu R, He X, Bian J, Zhao W, Shi W, Ruan Q. MicroRNA-21 Regulates Diametrically Opposed Biological Functions of Regulatory T Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:766757. [PMID: 34858422 PMCID: PMC8632542 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.766757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are considered important for controlling the onset and development of autoimmune disease. Although studies have shown that miR-21 is expressed at higher levels in Treg cells, it remains largely elusive whether miR-21 regulates the immune-suppressive function of Tregs. In the current study, we generated mice lacking miR-21 specifically in their Tregs and investigated the role of miR-21 in regulating Treg function both in vitro and in vivo. Our study revealed that Tregs lacking miR-21 exhibit normal phenotype and unaltered function in suppressing T cell proliferation and dendritic cell activation in vitro. However, compared with miR-21-sufficient Tregs, they produce significant more IL-17 and IL-10 when under pathogenic Th17-priming condition. Adenoviral delivery of miR-21 into Treg cells is able to reduce the expression of both IL-17 and IL-10. Mechanistic study revealed that miR-21 down-regulates IL-10 expression through direct targeting of IL-10, and suppresses reprogramming of Tregs into IL-17-secreting cells through down-regulating Stat3 activity. However, we detected no significant or marginal difference in the development of various autoimmune diseases between wild type mice and mice with Treg-specific deletion of miR-21. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that miR-21 in Tregs regulates diametrically opposed biological Treg functions and is largely dispensable for the development of autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jijun Sun
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Institute of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Ruiling Liu
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Institute of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaozhen He
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Institute of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiang Bian
- Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenbo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Institute of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Weiyun Shi
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Qingguo Ruan
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Institute of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
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10
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Adipose-derived stem cells and obesity: The spear and shield relationship. Genes Dis 2021; 10:175-186. [PMID: 37013055 PMCID: PMC10066342 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
With the transformation of modern lifestyles and population ageing, obesity has become a global epidemic, as one of the important threat to human health of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD). Stem cell therapy seems promising as an alternative strategy for managing obesity and related metabolic problems. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have received widespread attention, which provides new ideas for the treatment of obesity and various metabolic-related diseases, due to their abundant reserves, easy acquisition, rapid expansion, and multi-directional differentiation potential, low immunogenicity and many other advantages. Accordingly, there seems to be a "shield and spear paradox" in the relationship between ADSCs and obesity. In this review, we emphatically summarized the role of ADSCs in the occurrence and development of obesity and related metabolic disease processes, in order to pave the way for clinical practice.
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11
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Nguyen TT, Ung TT, Li S, Sah DK, Park SY, Lian S, Jung YD. Lithocholic Acid Induces miR21, Promoting PTEN Inhibition via STAT3 and ERK-1/2 Signaling in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910209. [PMID: 34638550 PMCID: PMC8508661 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro-RNA-21 (miR-21) is a vital regulator of colorectal cancer (CRC) progression and has emerged as a potential therapeutic target in CRC treatment. Our study using real-time PCR assay found that a secondary bile acid, lithocholic acid (LCA), stimulated the expression of miR21 in the CRC cell lines. Promoter activity assay showed that LCA strongly stimulated miR21 promoter activity in HCT116 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Studies of chemical inhibitors and miR21 promoter mutants indicated that Erk1/2 signaling, AP-1 transcription factor, and STAT3 are major signals involved in the mechanism of LCA-induced miR21 in HCT116 cells. The elevation of miR21 expression was upstream of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) inhibition, and CRC cell proliferation enhancement that was shown to be possibly mediated by PI3K/AKT signaling activation. This study is the first to report that LCA affects miR21 expression in CRC cells, providing us with a better understanding of the cancer-promoting mechanism of bile acids that have been described as the very first promoters of CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thinh-Thi Nguyen
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Korea; (T.-T.N.); (T.-T.U.); (S.L.); (D.K.S.); (S.-Y.P.)
- Nanogen Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Joint Stock Company, Ho Chi Minh City 71207, Vietnam
| | - Thuan-Trong Ung
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Korea; (T.-T.N.); (T.-T.U.); (S.L.); (D.K.S.); (S.-Y.P.)
- Nanogen Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Joint Stock Company, Ho Chi Minh City 71207, Vietnam
| | - Shinan Li
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Korea; (T.-T.N.); (T.-T.U.); (S.L.); (D.K.S.); (S.-Y.P.)
| | - Dhiraj Kumar Sah
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Korea; (T.-T.N.); (T.-T.U.); (S.L.); (D.K.S.); (S.-Y.P.)
| | - Sun-Young Park
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Korea; (T.-T.N.); (T.-T.U.); (S.L.); (D.K.S.); (S.-Y.P.)
| | - Sen Lian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (Y.-D.J.); Tel.: +86-20-6278-9385 (S.L.); +82-61-379-2772 (Y.-D.J.); Fax: +86-20-6278-9385 (S.L.); +82-81-379-2781 (Y.-D.J.)
| | - Young-Do Jung
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Korea; (T.-T.N.); (T.-T.U.); (S.L.); (D.K.S.); (S.-Y.P.)
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (Y.-D.J.); Tel.: +86-20-6278-9385 (S.L.); +82-61-379-2772 (Y.-D.J.); Fax: +86-20-6278-9385 (S.L.); +82-81-379-2781 (Y.-D.J.)
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12
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Harris MB, Kuo CH. Scientific Challenges on Theory of Fat Burning by Exercise. Front Physiol 2021; 12:685166. [PMID: 34295263 PMCID: PMC8290478 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.685166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise training decreases abdominal fat in an intensity-dependent manner. The fat loss effect of exercise has been intuitively thought to result from increased fat burning during and after exercise, defined by conversion of fatty acid into carbon dioxide in consumption of oxygen. Nevertheless, increasing exercise intensity decreases oxidation of fatty acids derived from adipose tissue despite elevated lipolysis. The unchanged 24-h fatty acid oxidation during and after exercise does not provide support to the causality between fat burning and fat loss. In this review, alternative perspectives to explain the fat loss outcome are discussed. In brief, carbon and nitrogen redistribution to challenged tissues (muscle and lungs) for fuel replenishment and cell regeneration against abdominal adipose tissue seems to be the fundamental mechanism underlying the intensity-dependent fat loss effect of exercise. The magnitude of lipolysis (fatty acid release from adipocytes) and the amount of post-meal carbon and nitrogen returning to abdominal adipose tissue determines the final fat tissue mass. Therefore, meal arrangement at the time when muscle has the greatest reconstruction demand for carbon and nitrogen could decrease abdominal fat accumulation while increasing muscle mass and tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Brennan Harris
- Department of Health Sciences, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, United States
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, College of Kinesiology, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
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13
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Mechanisms linking endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and microRNAs to adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 56:455-481. [PMID: 34182855 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2021.1925219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Over accumulation of lipids in adipose tissue disrupts metabolic homeostasis by affecting cellular processes. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is one such process affected by obesity. Biochemical and physiological alterations in adipose tissue due to obesity interfere with adipose ER functions causing ER stress. This is in line with increased irregularities in other cellular processes such as inflammation and autophagy, affecting overall metabolic integrity within adipocytes. Additionally, microRNAs (miRNAs), which can post-transcriptionally regulate genes, are differentially modulated in obesity. A better understanding and identification of such miRNAs could be used as novel therapeutic targets to fight against diseases. In this review, we discuss ways in which ER stress participates as a common molecular process in the pathogenesis of obesity-associated metabolic disorders. Moreover, our review discusses detailed underlying mechanisms through which ER stress and miRNAs contribute to metabolic alteration in adipose tissue in obesity. Hence, identifying mechanistic involvement of miRNAs-ER stress cross-talk in regulating adipose function during obesity could be used as a potential therapeutic approach to combat chronic diseases, including obesity.
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14
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Fodor A, Lazar AL, Buchman C, Tiperciuc B, Orasan OH, Cozma A. MicroRNAs: The Link between the Metabolic Syndrome and Oncogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126337. [PMID: 34199293 PMCID: PMC8231835 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a cluster of disorders that increase the risk of a plethora of conditions, in particular type two diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and certain types of cancers. MetS is a complex entity characterized by a chronic inflammatory state that implies dysregulations of adipokins and proinflammatory cytokins together with hormonal and growth factors imbalances. Of great interest is the implication of microRNA (miRNA, miR), non-coding RNA, in cancer genesis, progression, and metastasis. The adipose tissue serves as an important source of miRs, which represent a novel class of adipokines, that play a crucial role in carcinogenesis. Altered miRs secretion in the adipose tissue, in the context of MetS, might explain their implication in the oncogenesis. The interplay between miRs expressed in adipose tissue, their dysregulation and cancer pathogenesis are still intriguing, taking into consideration the fact that miRNAs show both carcinogenic and tumor suppressor effects. The aim of our review was to discuss the latest publications concerning the implication of miRs dysregulation in MetS and their significance in tumoral signaling pathways. Furthermore, we emphasized the role of miRNAs as potential target therapies and their implication in cancer progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Fodor
- Department of Diabetes and Nutrtion, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (A.L.L.); (C.B.)
| | - Andrada Luciana Lazar
- Department of Dermatology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (A.L.L.); (C.B.)
| | - Cristina Buchman
- Department of Oncology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (A.L.L.); (C.B.)
| | - Brandusa Tiperciuc
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Olga Hilda Orasan
- Internal Medicine Department, 4th Medical Clinic “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.H.O.); (A.C.)
| | - Angela Cozma
- Internal Medicine Department, 4th Medical Clinic “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (O.H.O.); (A.C.)
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15
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Hernández-Díazcouder A, González-Ramírez J, Giacoman-Martínez A, Cardoso-Saldaña G, Martínez-Martínez E, Osorio-Alonso H, Márquez-Velasco R, Sánchez-Gloria JL, Juárez-Vicuña Y, Gonzaga G, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Almanza-Pérez JC, Sánchez-Muñoz F. High fructose exposure modifies the amount of adipocyte-secreted microRNAs into extracellular vesicles in supernatants and plasma. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11305. [PMID: 34055478 PMCID: PMC8140597 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High fructose exposure induces metabolic and endocrine responses in adipose tissue. Recent evidence suggests that microRNAs in extracellular vesicles are endocrine signals secreted by adipocytes. Fructose exposure on the secretion of microRNA by tissues and cells is poorly studied. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of fructose exposure on the secretion of selected microRNAs in extracellular vesicles from 3T3-L1 cells and plasma from Wistar rats. Methods 3T3-L1 cells were exposed to 550 µM of fructose or standard media for four days, microRNAs levels were determined in extracellular vesicles of supernatants and cells by RT-qPCR. Wistar rats were exposed to either 20% fructose drink or tap water for eight weeks, microRNAs levels were determined in extracellular vesicles of plasma and adipose tissue by RT-qPCR. Results This study showed that fructose exposure increased the total number of extracellular vesicles released by 3T3-L1 cells (p = 0.0001). The levels of miR-143-5p were increased in extracellular vesicles of 3T3-L1 cells exposed to fructose (p = 0.0286), whereas miR-223-3p levels were reduced (p = 0.0286). Moreover, in plasma-derived extracellular vesicles, miR-143-5p was higher in fructose-fed rats (p = 0.001), whereas miR-223-3p (p = 0.022), miR-342-3p (p = 0.0011), miR-140-5p (p = 0.0129) and miR-146b-5p (p = 0.0245) were lower. Conclusion Fructose exposure modifies the levels of microRNAs in extracellular vesicles in vitro and in vivo. In particular, fructose exposure increases miR-143-5p, while decreases miR-223-3p and miR-342-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Hernández-Díazcouder
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, México.,Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Javier González-Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Campus Mexicali, Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Abraham Giacoman-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Guillermo Cardoso-Saldaña
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Eduardo Martínez-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Comunicación Celular y Vesículas Extracelulares, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Horacio Osorio-Alonso
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ricardo Márquez-Velasco
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - José L Sánchez-Gloria
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Yaneli Juárez-Vicuña
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Guillermo Gonzaga
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Laura Gabriela Sánchez-Lozada
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Julio César Almanza-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Fausto Sánchez-Muñoz
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
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16
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Zubáňová V, Červinková Z, Kučera O, Palička V. The Connection between MicroRNAs from Visceral Adipose Tissue and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. ACTA MEDICA (HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ) 2021; 64:1-7. [PMID: 33855952 DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2021.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is one of the most important causes of liver disease worldwide leading the foreground cause of liver transplantation. Recently miRNAs, small non-coding molecules were identified as an important player in the negative translational regulation of many protein-coding genes involved in hepatic metabolism. Visceral adipose tissue was found to take part in lipid and glucose metabolism and to release many inflammatory mediators that may contribute to progression of NAFLD from simple steatosis to Non-Alcoholic SteatoHepatitis. Since visceral adipose tissue enlargement and dysregulated levels of miRNAs were observed in patients with NAFLD, the aim of this paper is to reflect the current knowledge of the role of miRNAs released from visceral adipose tissue and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Zubáňová
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové and University Hospital Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Zuzana Červinková
- Department of Physiology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Otto Kučera
- Department of Physiology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Palička
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové and University Hospital Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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17
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Motavalli R, Etemadi J, Soltani-Zangbar MS, Ardalan MR, Kahroba H, Roshangar L, Nouri M, Aghebati-Maleki L, Khiavi FM, Abediazar S, Mehdizadeh A, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Mahmoodpoor A, Kafil HS, Zolfaghari M, Ahmadian Heris J, Yousefi M. Altered Th17/Treg ratio as a possible mechanism in pathogenesis of idiopathic membranous nephropathy. Cytokine 2021; 141:155452. [PMID: 33571932 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) as a single organ autoimmune disease is a main cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults which is determined through autoantibodies to podocytes proteins. Th17/regulatory T (Treg) balance has emerged as a prominent factor in the regulation of autoimmunity. In this study, we evaluated the balance of Th17 and Treg cells, expression level of related master transcription factors, cytokines and microRNAs in mononuclear cells of peripheral blood of 30 patients with IMN and 30 healthy individuals before treatment. No significant variation was observed in Th17 cell frequency, retinoic acid receptor-related orphan nuclear receptor γt (RORɣt), signal transducer and Activator of transcription 3(STAT3), IL-17, and IL-23, while IL-21, IL-4, and IL-10 had significant increase in mRNA expression and protein level of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in IMN cases. Reduction in the percentage of Treg cells was also accompanied with significantly decreased expression of Forkhead box P3(FOXP3) and Transforming growth factor beta(TGF-β) in IMN patients compared to the control group. Our study revealed that Th17 cells themselves might not be engaged in the pathogenesis of newly diagnosed patients with IMN; however, decreased T reg cells and increased ratio of Th17/Treg lymphocytes might display a role in the pathogenesis of IMN before treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roza Motavalli
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jalal Etemadi
- Kidney Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Mohamad-Reza Ardalan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Kidney Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Houman Kahroba
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Roshangar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Sima Abediazar
- Kidney Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Mehdizadeh
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hojjat-Farsangi
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Immune and Gene Therapy Lab, Cancer Center Karolinska (CCK), Karolina University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohamadali Zolfaghari
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javad Ahmadian Heris
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Children Medical Research and Training Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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18
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Taroeno-Hariadi KW, Hardianti MS, Sinorita H, Aryandono T. Obesity, leptin, and deregulation of microRNA in lipid metabolisms: their contribution to breast cancer prognosis. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:10. [PMID: 33482868 PMCID: PMC7821690 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-020-00621-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome have been associated with cardiovascular, diabetes and cancer incidence. Obesity is a state of inflammation. There are cross-talks between adipocyte, adipokines, pro-inflammatory cytokines, insulin, leptin, and other growth factors to initiate signals for proliferation, anti-apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Those networks lead to cancer initiation, promotion, progression, and metastasis. Post menopause women with breast cancer commonly have overweight, obesity, and metabolic syndrome, which are previously reported as conditions to be associated with breast cancer prognosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNA that regulate gene expression, are known to play important roles either in metabolic or carcinogenesis process in patients with breast cancer. Some miRNAs expressions are deregulated in persons either with obesity, breast cancer, or breast cancer with co-morbid obesity. This literature review aimed at reviewing recent publications on the role of obesity, leptin, and microRNA deregulation in adverse prognosis of breast cancer. Understanding the influence of deregulated miRNAs and their target genes in patients with breast cancer and obesity will direct more studies to explore the potential prognostic role of obesity in breast cancer from epigenetic points of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartika W Taroeno-Hariadi
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Farmako Street, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
| | - Mardiah S Hardianti
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Farmako Street, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Hemi Sinorita
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Teguh Aryandono
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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19
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Li G, Chen Y, Jin W, Zhai B, Li Y, Sun G, Li H, Kang X, Tian Y. Effects of miR-125b-5p on Preadipocyte Proliferation and Differentiation in Chicken. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:491-502. [PMID: 33398680 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-06080-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies have shown that miR-125b-5p was highly expressed and significantly upregulated during abdominal fat deposition in chickens. However, the role of miR-125b in the regulation of adipogenesis is not clear in chickens. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of miR-125b-5p on preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation and the interaction between miR-125b-5p and the acyl-CoA synthetase bubblegum family member 2 (ACSBG2) gene in adipogenesis in chicken abdominal adipose tissue. Here, transfection tests of miR-125b-5p mimic/inhibitor were performed in preadipocytes, and the effects of miR-125b-5p on preadipocytes proliferation and differentiation were analyzed. The target site of miR-125b-5p in the 3'UTR (untranslated region) of ACSBG2 were verified by a luciferase reporter assay. Our results showed that miR-125b-5p overexpression inhibited proliferation and reduced the number of cells in S phase and G2/M phase in preadipocytes; conversely, miR-125b-5p inhibition promoted the proliferation and increased the number of cells in S phase and G2/M phase. In adipocytes after induction, miR-125b-5p overexpression led to a notable increase in the accumulation of lipid droplets as well as in the concentration of triglycerides, while miR-125b-5p inhibition had the opposite effect. Furthermore, miR-125b-5p could directly bind to the 3'UTR of ACSBG2, and its overexpression could significantly repress the mRNA and protein expression of ACSBG2. These results indicate that miR-125b-5p can inhibit preadipocyte proliferation and can promote preadipocyte differentiation to affect adipogenesis in chicken abdominal adipose tissues, at least partially by downregulating ACSBG2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450002, P. R. China.
| | - Yi Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Wenjiao Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Yuanfang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Guirong Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Hong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Yadong Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450002, P. R. China.
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20
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Wang X, Li Q, Xie T, Yuan M, Sheng X, Qi X, Xing K, Liu F, Guo Y, Xiao L, Ni H. Exosomes from bovine endometrial epithelial cells ensure trophoblast cell development by miR-218 targeting secreted frizzled related protein 2. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:4565-4579. [PMID: 33230823 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Endometritis is a common disease affecting fertility in cows during the perinatal period, which disturbs the molecular milieu of the uterine environment and impairs embryo development and implantation. Exosomes are important extracellular components that transmit a variety of micro RNAs (miRNAs), which perform key regulatory functions. In this study, we investigated plasma exosomal miRNAs from cows with endometritis and from cultured endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to explore the role of EEC-derived exosomes and their miRNAs in bovine endometritis. Plasma exosomes were collected from nine healthy dairy cows and nine dairy cows with endometritis, and culture supernatant exosomes were isolated from EECs challenged with or without LPS. Exosomal RNA was extracted using commercial kits and miRNA profiles were generated using RNA-seq. We found that miR-218 was differentially expressed in EECs under conditions of endometrial inflammation. Inhibition studies suggested that reduced levels of miR-218 in EEC-derived exosomes when transferred into placental trophoblast cells impaired embryonic development and decreased placental trophoblast cell migration by targeting secreted frizzled related protein 2. We propose that exosomal miR-218 secreted from EECs acts as a driver of embryonic development and differentiation. In addition, exosomal miR-218 may provide a valuable diagnostic marker for bovine endometritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangguo Wang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Qianru Li
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Tongtong Xie
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyi Yuan
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xihui Sheng
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolong Qi
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Xing
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Liu
- College of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Guo
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Longfei Xiao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Hemin Ni
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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21
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Hsu LW, Huang KT, Nakano T, Chiu KW, Chen KD, Goto S, Chen CL. MicroRNA-301a inhibition enhances the immunomodulatory functions of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells by induction of macrophage M2 polarization. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2020; 34:2058738420966092. [PMID: 33121303 PMCID: PMC7607751 DOI: 10.1177/2058738420966092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short non-coding RNAs that play a significant role in biological processes in various cell types, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, how miRNAs regulate the immunomodulatory functions of adipose-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs) remains unknown. Here, we showed that modulation of miR-301a in AD-MSCs altered macrophage polarization. Bone marrow (BM)-derived macrophages were stimulated with LPS (1 μg/ml) and co-cultured with miRNA transfected AD-MSCs for 24 h. The expression of M1 and M2 markers in macrophages was analyzed. Inhibition of miR-301a induced M2 macrophage with arginase-1, CD163, CD206, and IL-10 upregulation. Additionally, toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 mRNA expression in macrophages was downregulated in co-cultures with AD-MSCs transfected with a miR-301a inhibitor. Nitric oxide (NO) in the supernatant of AD-MSC/macrophage co-culture was also suppressed by inhibition of miR-301a in AD-MSCs. We further found that suppression of miR-301a in AD-MSCs increased prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentration in the conditioned medium of the co-culture. Taken together, the results of our study indicate that miR-301a can modulate the immunoregulatory functions of AD-MSCs that favor the applicability as a potential immunotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wen Hsu
- Liver Transplantation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung
| | - Kuang-Tzu Huang
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung
| | - Toshiaki Nakano
- Liver Transplantation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung
| | - King-Wah Chiu
- Liver Transplantation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung
| | - Kuang-Den Chen
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung
| | - Shigeru Goto
- Liver Transplantation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung.,Faculty of Nursing, Department of Nursing, Josai International University, Togane, Chiba, Japan
| | - Chao-Long Chen
- Liver Transplantation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung
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22
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Guan CY, Tian S, Cao JL, Wang XQ, Ma X, Xia HF. Down-Regulated miR-21 in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Placenta Induces PPAR-α to Inhibit Cell Proliferation and Infiltration. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:3009-3034. [PMID: 32943895 PMCID: PMC7455759 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s253920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the role of miR-21 expression in the reduction of placental function in GDM patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS qRT-PCR was used to detect the differential expression of miR-21 in the serum of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and normal pregnant women, and to verify the functional target gene PPAR-α of miR-21 by double fluorescence experiments. Cellular experiments were performed to verify the effect of PPAR-α on cell function. RESULTS miR-21 is down-regulated in the serum and placenta of GDM patients compared to normal pregnant women. In the case of insulin resistance, miR-21-5p knockdown promoted glucose uptake, but no significant effect was found under physiological condition. Functional studies have shown that reduced PPAR-α expression can restore miR-21 knockdown-mediated cell growth and metastasis inhibition. Additionally, decreased expression of miR-21 but increased expression of -PPAR-α was observed in patients with GDM and GDM rats. CONCLUSION The expression of the placental miR-21-5p, which inhibits cell growth and infiltration by up-regulating PPAR-α, is downregulated in pregnant GDM patients, which in turn may affect the placental function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yi Guan
- Reproductive and Genetic Center of National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing100081, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing Province100005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi Tian
- Haidian Maternal & Child Health Hospital, Beijing100080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Li Cao
- Reproductive and Genetic Center of National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing100081, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing Province100005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue-Qin Wang
- Reproductive and Genetic Center of National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing100081, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing Province100005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Ma
- Reproductive and Genetic Center of National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing100081, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing Province100005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Fei Xia
- Reproductive and Genetic Center of National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing100081, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing Province100005, People’s Republic of China
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MicroRNA-21-Enriched Exosomes as Epigenetic Regulators in Melanomagenesis and Melanoma Progression: The Impact of Western Lifestyle Factors. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082111. [PMID: 32751207 PMCID: PMC7464294 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA mutation-induced activation of RAS-BRAF-MEK-ERK signaling associated with intermittent or chronic ultraviolet (UV) irradiation cannot exclusively explain the excessive increase of malignant melanoma (MM) incidence since the 1950s. Malignant conversion of a melanocyte to an MM cell and metastatic MM is associated with a steady increase in microRNA-21 (miR-21). At the epigenetic level, miR-21 inhibits key tumor suppressors of the RAS-BRAF signaling pathway enhancing proliferation and MM progression. Increased MM cell levels of miR-21 either result from endogenous upregulation of melanocytic miR-21 expression or by uptake of miR-21-enriched exogenous exosomes. Based on epidemiological data and translational evidence, this review provides deeper insights into environmentally and metabolically induced exosomal miR-21 trafficking beyond UV-irradiation in melanomagenesis and MM progression. Sources of miR-21-enriched exosomes include UV-irradiated keratinocytes, adipocyte-derived exosomes in obesity, airway epithelium-derived exosomes generated by smoking and pollution, diet-related exosomes and inflammation-induced exosomes, which may synergistically increase the exosomal miR-21 burden of the melanocyte, the transformed MM cell and its tumor environment. Several therapeutic agents that suppress MM cell growth and proliferation attenuate miR-21 expression. These include miR-21 antagonists, metformin, kinase inhibitors, beta-blockers, vitamin D, and plant-derived bioactive compounds, which may represent new options for the prevention and treatment of MM.
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24
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Lee MS, Kim Y. Mulberry Fruit Extract Ameliorates Adipogenesis via Increasing AMPK Activity and Downregulating MicroRNA-21/143 in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. J Med Food 2020; 23:266-272. [PMID: 32191574 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mulberry (Morus alba L.) fruits have long been used in traditional medicine and as edible berries in many countries. This study investigated the antiadipogenic effect of high hydrostatic pressure mulberry fruit extract (MFE) during 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation. MFE decreased lipid and triglyceride accumulation and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. The mRNA expression levels of genes related to adipogenesis, such as the adipocyte protein 2, proliferator-activated receptor-γ, and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α, were suppressed by MFE. They also reduced microRNA (miR)-21 and miR-143 expression, which are involved in adipogenesis. In contrast, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity was increased by MFE. These results suggested that MFE may suppress adipogenesis through modulating miR-21/143 expression and AMPK activity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, which may be useful as antiobesity food agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mak-Soon Lee
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yangha Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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25
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The Effect of MicroRNA-331-3p on Preadipocytes Proliferation and Differentiation and Fatty Acid Accumulation in Laiwu Pigs. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:9287804. [PMID: 31886267 PMCID: PMC6914919 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9287804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective The proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes are regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs), hormones, and other factors. This study aimed to investigate the effects of miR-331-3p on the proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes in addition to fatty acid metabolism. Methods Preadipocytes were transfected with miR-331-3p mimics, miR-NC, or miR-331-3p inhibitor to explore its effect on cell proliferation and fatty acid accumulation. Furthermore, preadipocytes were transfected with pre-miR-331-3p, pcDNA3.1(+), or miR-331-3p inhibitor to explore its effect on differentiation. Results It was observed that miR-331-3p could inhibit preadipocytes proliferation. Furthermore, miR-331-3p was highly expressed during cellular differentiation and appeared to promote the process. In addition, dual fluorescein analysis showed that dihydrolipoamide S-succinyltransferase (DLST) is a target gene of miR-331-3p, and overexpression of miR-331-3p could regulate the metabolism of fatty acids in the citrate pyruvate cycle by targeting DLST expression. Conclusion In summary, these findings indicated that miR-331-3p exerts contrasting effects on the processes of fat deposition.
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26
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Rosado JA, Diez-Bello R, Salido GM, Jardin I. Fine-tuning of microRNAs in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:4102-4118. [PMID: 29210640 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666171205163944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease widely spread across industrialized countries. Sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy alimentary habits lead to obesity, boosting both glucose and fatty acid in the bloodstream and eventually, insulin resistance, pancreas inflammation and faulty insulin production or secretion, all of them very well-defined hallmarks of type 2 diabetes mellitus. miRNAs are small sequences of non-coding RNA that may regulate several processes within the cells, fine-tuning protein expression, with an unexpected and subtle precision and in time-frames ranging from minutes to days. Since the discovery of miRNA and their possible implication in pathologies, several groups aimed to find a relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and miRNAs. Here we discuss the pattern of expression of different miRNAs in cultured cells, animal models and diabetic patients. We summarize the role of the most important miRNAs involved in pancreas growth and development, insulin secretion and liver, skeletal muscle or adipocyte insulin resistance in the context of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A Rosado
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers & Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Caceres, Spain
| | - Raquel Diez-Bello
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers & Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Caceres, Spain
| | - Ginés M Salido
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers & Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Caceres, Spain
| | - Isaac Jardin
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers & Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, 10003-Caceres, Spain
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27
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Jedari B, Rahmani A, Naderi M, Nadri S. MicroRNA‐7 promotes neural differentiation of trabecular meshwork mesenchymal stem cell on nanofibrous scaffold. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:2818-2827. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Behrouz Jedari
- Department of Medical BiotechnologyZanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjan Iran
| | - Ali Rahmani
- Department of Medical NanotechnologyZanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjan Iran
| | - Mahmood Naderi
- Cell‐Based Therapies Research Center, Digestive Disease Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehran Iran
| | - Samad Nadri
- Department of Medical NanotechnologyZanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjan Iran
- Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research CenterZanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjan Iran
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research CenterZanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjan Iran
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28
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Nasr MA, Salah RA, Abd Elkodous M, Elshenawy SE, El-Badri N. Dysregulated MicroRNA Fingerprints and Methylation Patterns in Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Cancer Stem Cells, and Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:229. [PMID: 31681762 PMCID: PMC6811506 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the top causes of cancer mortality worldwide. Although HCC has been researched extensively, there is still a need for novel and effective therapeutic interventions. There is substantial evidence that initiation of carcinogenesis in liver cirrhosis, a leading cause of HCC, is mediated by cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs were also shown to be responsible for relapse and chemoresistance in several cancers, including HCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute important epigenetic markers that regulate carcinogenesis by acting post-transcriptionally on mRNAs, contributing to the progression of HCC. We have previously shown that co-culture of cancer cells with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could induce the reprogramming of MSCs into CSC-like cells. In this review, we evaluate the available data concerning the epigenetic regulation of miRNAs through methylation and the possible role of this regulation in stem cell and somatic reprogramming in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Nasr
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Radwa Ayman Salah
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - M Abd Elkodous
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Shimaa E Elshenawy
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Nagwa El-Badri
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
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29
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Neuroprotective Potential of GDF11: Myth or Reality? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143563. [PMID: 31330871 PMCID: PMC6679312 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the brain, aging is accompanied by cellular and functional deficiencies that promote vulnerability to neurodegenerative disorders. In blood plasma from young and old animals, various factors such as growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11), whose levels are elevated in young animals, have been identified. The blood concentrations of these factors appear to be inversely correlated with the age-related decline of neurogenesis. The identification of GDF11 as a "rejuvenating factor" opens up perspectives for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. As a pro-neurogenic and pro-angiogenic agent, GDF11 may constitute a basis for novel therapeutic strategies.
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30
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Das MK, Evensen HSF, Furu K, Haugen TB. miRNA-302s may act as oncogenes in human testicular germ cell tumours. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9189. [PMID: 31235829 PMCID: PMC6591358 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45573-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular germ cell tumour (TGCT) represents the most common malignancy in young men in large parts of the world, but the aetiology is yet unclear. Multiple TGCT susceptibility loci have been identified, and we have shown that one of these, SPRY4, may act as a TGCT oncogene. Furthermore, many of the loci are in non-coding regions of the genome. miRNAs, a class of non-coding RNAs may play a crucial role in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, and alteration in their expression may lead to oncogenesis. Differential expression of miRNAs in TGCT and normal testis has been reported in previous studies. In this study, we used qPCR to analyse, in normal and malignant testis tissue, the expression of the ten miRNAs that we had previously identified by sequencing to be the most upregulated in TGCT. We found high expression of these miRNAs also by qPCR analysis. The levels of miR-302a-3p, miR-302b-3p, and miR-302c-3p were downregulated after treatment of the TGCT cell lines NT2-D1 and 833 K with the chemotherapy drug cisplatin. By using miRNA inhibitor-mediated transient transfection, we inhibited the expression of the three members of miR-302 family (miR-302s). Inhibition of miR-302s resulted in a decreased cell proliferation in NT2-D1 cells, but not in 833 K cells. In both cell lines, inhibition of miR-302s resulted in decreased expression of SPRY4, which we have previously shown to regulate MAPK/ERK and PI3K/Akt signalling pathways in these cells. Inhibition of miR-302b-3p and miR-302c-3p decreased phosphorylation of ERK1/2, whereas inhibition of miR-302a-3p and miR-302b-3p led to decreased expression of the apoptosis inhibitor, survivin. Our findings suggest that miR-302s act as TGCT oncogenes by inducing the expression of SPRY4 and activating MAPK/ERK pathway while inhibiting apoptosis via increased survivin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinal K Das
- Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Herman S F Evensen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kari Furu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,Cancer Registry, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trine B Haugen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
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31
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Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Colorectal Cancer: Could miRNA Dysregulation Play A Role? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122922. [PMID: 31207998 PMCID: PMC6628223 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with insulin resistance and low-grade inflammation. Insulin resistance is a risk factor for cancer. A recent chapter in epigenetics is represented by microRNAs (miRNAs), which post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. Dysregulated miRNA profiles have been associated with diseases including obesity and cancer. Herein we report dysregulated miRNAs in obesity both in animal models and in humans, and we also document dysregulated miRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC), as example of an obesity-related cancer. Some of the described miRNAs are found to be similarly dysregulated both in obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and CRC. Thus, we present miRNAs as a potential molecular link between obesity and CRC onset and development, giving a new perspective on the role of miRNAs in obesity-associated cancers.
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32
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Mazini L, Rochette L, Amine M, Malka G. Regenerative Capacity of Adipose Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs), Comparison with Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102523. [PMID: 31121953 PMCID: PMC6566837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is now on the top one of stem cell sources regarding its accessibility, abundance, and less painful collection procedure when compared to other sources. The adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) that it contains can be maintained and expanded in culture for long periods of time without losing their differentiation capacity, leading to large cell quantities being increasingly used in cell therapy purposes. Many reports showed that ADSCs-based cell therapy products demonstrated optimal efficacy and efficiency in some clinical indications for both autologous and allogeneic purposes, hence becoming considered as potential tools for replacing, repairing, and regenerating dead or damaged cells. In this review, we analyzed the therapeutic advancement of ADSCs in comparison to bone marrow (BM) and umbilical cord (UC)-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and designed the specific requirements to their best clinical practices and safety. Our analysis was focused on the ADSCs, rather than the whole stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cell populations, to facilitate characterization that is related to their source of origins. Clinical outcomes improvement suggested that these cells hold great promise in stem cell-based therapies in neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and auto-immunes diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loubna Mazini
- Laboratoire Cellules Souches et Ingénierie Tissulaire, Centre Interface Applications Médicales CIAM, Université Mohammed VI polytechnique, Ben Guérir 43150, Morocco.
| | - Luc Rochette
- Equipe d'Accueil (EA 7460), Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie Cérébro-Cardiovasculaires (PEC2), Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Faculté des Sciences de Santé, 7 Bd Jeanne d'Arc, 21000 Dijon, France.
| | - Mohamed Amine
- Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie et de Biostatique, Centre Interface Applications Médicales CIAM, Université Mohammed VI polytechnique, Ben Guérir 43150, Morocco.
- Département de Santé Publique et de Médecine Communautaire, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech 40000, Morocco.
| | - Gabriel Malka
- Laboratoire Cellules Souches et Ingénierie Tissulaire, Centre Interface Applications Médicales CIAM, Université Mohammed VI polytechnique, Ben Guérir 43150, Morocco.
- Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie et de Biostatique, Centre Interface Applications Médicales CIAM, Université Mohammed VI polytechnique, Ben Guérir 43150, Morocco.
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33
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Mazini L, Rochette L, Amine M, Malka G. Regenerative Capacity of Adipose Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs), Comparison with Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs). Int J Mol Sci 2019. [PMID: 31121953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102523.pmid:31121953;pmcid:pmc6566837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is now on the top one of stem cell sources regarding its accessibility, abundance, and less painful collection procedure when compared to other sources. The adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) that it contains can be maintained and expanded in culture for long periods of time without losing their differentiation capacity, leading to large cell quantities being increasingly used in cell therapy purposes. Many reports showed that ADSCs-based cell therapy products demonstrated optimal efficacy and efficiency in some clinical indications for both autologous and allogeneic purposes, hence becoming considered as potential tools for replacing, repairing, and regenerating dead or damaged cells. In this review, we analyzed the therapeutic advancement of ADSCs in comparison to bone marrow (BM) and umbilical cord (UC)-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and designed the specific requirements to their best clinical practices and safety. Our analysis was focused on the ADSCs, rather than the whole stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cell populations, to facilitate characterization that is related to their source of origins. Clinical outcomes improvement suggested that these cells hold great promise in stem cell-based therapies in neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and auto-immunes diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loubna Mazini
- Laboratoire Cellules Souches et Ingénierie Tissulaire, Centre Interface Applications Médicales CIAM, Université Mohammed VI polytechnique, Ben Guérir 43150, Morocco.
| | - Luc Rochette
- Equipe d'Accueil (EA 7460), Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie Cérébro-Cardiovasculaires (PEC2), Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Faculté des Sciences de Santé, 7 Bd Jeanne d'Arc, 21000 Dijon, France.
| | - Mohamed Amine
- Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie et de Biostatique, Centre Interface Applications Médicales CIAM, Université Mohammed VI polytechnique, Ben Guérir 43150, Morocco.
- Département de Santé Publique et de Médecine Communautaire, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech 40000, Morocco.
| | - Gabriel Malka
- Laboratoire Cellules Souches et Ingénierie Tissulaire, Centre Interface Applications Médicales CIAM, Université Mohammed VI polytechnique, Ben Guérir 43150, Morocco.
- Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie et de Biostatique, Centre Interface Applications Médicales CIAM, Université Mohammed VI polytechnique, Ben Guérir 43150, Morocco.
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34
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Melnik BC, Schmitz G. Exosomes of pasteurized milk: potential pathogens of Western diseases. J Transl Med 2019; 17:3. [PMID: 30602375 PMCID: PMC6317263 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1760-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Milk consumption is a hallmark of western diet. According to common believes, milk consumption has beneficial effects for human health. Pasteurization of cow's milk protects thermolabile vitamins and other organic compounds including bioactive and bioavailable exosomes and extracellular vesicles in the range of 40-120 nm, which are pivotal mediators of cell communication via systemic transfer of specific micro-ribonucleic acids, mRNAs and regulatory proteins such as transforming growth factor-β. There is compelling evidence that human and bovine milk exosomes play a crucial role for adequate metabolic and immunological programming of the newborn infant at the beginning of extrauterine life. Milk exosomes assist in executing an anabolic, growth-promoting and immunological program confined to the postnatal period in all mammals. However, epidemiological and translational evidence presented in this review indicates that continuous exposure of humans to exosomes of pasteurized milk may confer a substantial risk for the development of chronic diseases of civilization including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, common cancers (prostate, breast, liver, B-cells) as well as Parkinson's disease. Exosomes of pasteurized milk may represent new pathogens that should not reach the human food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodo C. Melnik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, Am Finkenhügel 7A, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, University of Regensburg, Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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Abstract
RATIONALE Researchers in psychiatry and neuroscience are increasingly recognizing the importance of gut-brain communication in mental health. Both genetics and environmental factors influence gut microbiota composition and function. This study examines host-microbe signaling at the gastrointestinal barrier to identify bottom-up mechanisms of microbiota-brain communication. OBJECTIVES We examined differences in gut microbiota composition and fecal miRNA profiles in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, in relation to gastrointestinal homeostasis and evaluated the response to perturbation of the gut microbiota by broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment. METHODS AND RESULTS Differences in the gut microbiota composition between BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, evaluated by fecal 16S rRNA gene sequencing, included significant differences in genera Prevotella, Alistipes, Akkermansia, and Ruminococcus. Significant differences in fecal miRNA profiles were determined using the nCounter NanoString platform. A BLASTn analysis identified conserved fecal miRNA target regions in bacterial metagenomes with 14 significant correlations found between fecal miRNA and predicted taxa relative abundance in our dataset. Treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics for 2 weeks resulted in a host-specific physiological response at the gastrointestinal barrier including a decrease in barrier permeability in BALB/c mice and alterations in the expression of barrier regulating genes in both strains. Genera Parabacteroides and Bacteroides were associated with changes in barrier function. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study provide insight into how specific taxa influence gut barrier integrity and function. More generally, these data in the context of recent published studies makes a significant contribution to our understanding of host-microbe interactions providing new knowledge that can be harnessed by us and others in future mechanistic studies.
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Diabetes in Pregnancy and MicroRNAs: Promises and Limitations in Their Clinical Application. Noncoding RNA 2018; 4:ncrna4040032. [PMID: 30424584 PMCID: PMC6316501 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna4040032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal diabetes is associated with an increased risk of complications for the mother and her offspring. The latter have an increased risk of foetal macrosomia, hypoglycaemia, respiratory distress syndrome, preterm delivery, malformations and mortality but also of life-long development of obesity and diabetes. Epigenetics have been proposed as an explanation for this long-term risk, and microRNAs (miRNAs) may play a role, both in short- and long-term outcomes. Gestation is associated with increasing maternal insulin resistance, as well as β-cell expansion, to account for the increased insulin needs and studies performed in pregnant rats support a role of miRNAs in this expansion. Furthermore, several miRNAs are involved in pancreatic embryonic development. On the other hand, maternal diabetes is associated with changes in miRNA both in maternal and in foetal tissues. This review aims to summarise the existing knowledge on miRNAs in gestational and pre-gestational diabetes, both as diagnostic biomarkers and as mechanistic players, in the development of gestational diabetes itself and also of short- and long-term complications for the mother and her offspring.
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Kim S, Lee MS, Jung S, Son HY, Park S, Kang B, Kim SY, Kim IH, Kim CT, Kim Y. Ginger Extract Ameliorates Obesity and Inflammation via Regulating MicroRNA-21/132 Expression and AMPK Activation in White Adipose Tissue. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1567. [PMID: 30360535 PMCID: PMC6266584 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ginger is a plant whose rhizome is used as a spice or folk medicine. We aimed to investigate the effect of ginger root extract on obesity and inflammation in rats fed a high-fat diet. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups and fed either a 45% high-fat diet (HF), HF + hot-water extract of ginger (WEG; 8 g/kg diet), or HF + high-hydrostatic pressure extract of ginger (HPG; 8 g/kg diet) for 10 weeks. The HPG group had lower body weight and white adipose tissue (WAT) mass compared to the HF group. Serum and hepatic lipid levels of HPG group were lower, while fecal lipid excretion of the HPG group was higher than that of the HF group. In the WAT of the WEG and HPG groups, mRNA levels of adipogenic genes were lower than those of the HF group. Moreover, HPG group had lower mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines than did the HF group. MicroRNA (miR)-21 expression was down-regulated by both WEG and HPG. Additionally, miR-132 expression was down-regulated by HPG. The adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity of HPG group was greater than that of the HF group. HPG may have beneficial effects on obesity and inflammation, partially mediated by regulation of miR-21/132 expression and AMPK activation in WAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghae Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Mak-Soon Lee
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Sunyoon Jung
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Hye-Yeon Son
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Seonyoung Park
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Bori Kang
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Seog-Young Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - In-Hwan Kim
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Chong-Tai Kim
- Research Group of Bioprocess Engineering, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea.
| | - Yangha Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea.
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Sadie-Van Gijsen H. Adipocyte biology: It is time to upgrade to a new model. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:2399-2425. [PMID: 30192004 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Globally, the obesity pandemic is profoundly affecting quality of life and economic productivity, but efforts to address this, especially on a pharmacological level, have generally proven unsuccessful to date, serving as a stark demonstration that our understanding of adipocyte biology and pathophysiology is incomplete. To deliver better insight into adipocyte function and obesity, we need improved adipocyte models with a high degree of fidelity in representing the in vivo state and with a diverse range of experimental applications. Adipocyte cell lines, especially 3T3-L1 cells, have been used extensively over many years, but these are limited in terms of relevance and versatility. In this review, I propose that primary adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) present a superior model with which to study adipocyte biology ex vivo. In particular, ASCs afford us the opportunity to study adipocytes from different, functionally distinct, adipose depots and to investigate, by means of in vivo/ex vivo studies, the effects of many different physiological and pathophysiological factors, such as age, body weight, hormonal status, diet and nutraceuticals, as well as disease and pharmacological treatments, on the biology of adipocytes and their precursors. This study will give an overview of the characteristics of ASCs and published studies utilizing ASCs, to highlight the areas where our knowledge is lacking. More comprehensive studies in primary ASCs will contribute to an improved understanding of adipose tissue, in healthy and dysfunctional states, which will enhance our efforts to more successfully manage and treat obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanél Sadie-Van Gijsen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Parow, South Africa.,Division of Medical Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Parow, South Africa
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Maresin 1 improves the Treg/Th17 imbalance in rheumatoid arthritis through miR-21. Ann Rheum Dis 2018; 77:1644-1652. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-213511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
ObjectiveTreg/Th17 imbalance plays an important role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Maresin 1 (MaR1) prompts inflammation resolution and regulates immune responses. We explored the effect of MaR1 on RA progression and investigated the correlation between MaR1 and Treg/Th17 balance.MethodsBoth patients with RA and healthy controls were recruited into the study. Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model was constructed to detect the clinical score, histopathological changes and Treg/Th17 ratio. Purified naive CD4+ T-cells were used to study the effect of MaR1 on its differentiation process and microRNA microarray studies were performed to investigate MaR1 downstream microRNAs in this process. MicroRNA transfection experiments were conducted by lentivirus to verify the mechanism of MaR1 on Treg/Th17 balance.ResultsCompared with controls, the MaR1 concentration was higher in the patients with inactive RA and lower in the patients with active RA. Expression of the Treg transcription factor FoxP3 was the highest in inactive RA and the lowest in active RA, while the Th17 transcription factor RORc showed a reverse trend. An inverse correlation was observed between the FoxP3/RORc ratio and Disease Activity Score 28. Intervention of MaR1 in the CIA model reduced joint inflammation and damage, and improved the imbalanced Treg/Th17 ratio. MaR1 increased Treg cells proportion while reduced Th17 cells proportion under specific differentiation conditions. Furthermore, miR-21 was verified as MaR1 downstream microRNA, which was upregulated by MaR1, modulating the Treg/Th17 balance and thus ameliorating the RA progression.ConclusionsMaR1 is a therapeutic target for RA, likely operating through effects on the imbalanced Treg/Th17 ratio found in the disease.
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40
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Rodrigues PM, Rodrigues CMP, Castro RE. Modulation of liver steatosis by miR-21/PPAR α. Cell Death Discov 2018; 4:9. [PMID: 30062058 PMCID: PMC6060160 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-018-0076-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro M Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cecília M P Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui E Castro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Silva AM, Almeida MI, Teixeira JH, Ivan C, Oliveira J, Vasconcelos D, Neves N, Ribeiro-Machado C, Cunha C, Barbosa MA, Calin GA, Santos SG. Profiling the circulating miRnome reveals a temporal regulation of the bone injury response. Theranostics 2018; 8:3902-3917. [PMID: 30083269 PMCID: PMC6071520 DOI: 10.7150/thno.24444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone injury healing is an orchestrated process that starts with an inflammatory phase followed by repair and remodelling of the bone defect. The initial inflammation is characterized by local changes in immune cell populations and molecular mediators, including microRNAs (miRNAs). However, the systemic response to bone injury remains largely uncharacterized. Thus, this study aimed to profile the changes in the plasma miRnome after bone injury and determine its biological implications. Methods: A rat model of femoral bone defect was used, and animals were evaluated at days 3 and 14 after injury. Non-operated (NO) and sham operated animals were used as controls. Blood and spleen were collected and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and plasma were separated. Plasma miRnome was determined by RT-qPCR array and bioinformatics Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was performed. Proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) was evaluated by Ki67 staining and high-throughput cell imaging. Candidate miRNAs were evaluated in splenocytes by RT-qPCR, and proteins found in the IPA analysis were analysed in splenocytes and PBMC by Western blot. Results: Bone injury resulted in timely controlled changes to the miRNA expression profile in plasma. At day 3 there was a major down-regulation of miRNA levels, which was partially recovered by day 14 post-injury. Interestingly, bone injury led to a significant up-regulation of let-7a, let-7d and miR-21 in plasma and splenocytes at day 14 relative to day 3 after bone injury, but not in sham operated animals. IPA predicted that most miRNAs temporally affected were involved in cellular development, proliferation and movement. MSC proliferation was analysed and found significantly increased in response to plasma of animals days 3 and 14 post-injury, but not from NO animals. Moreover, IPA predicted that miRNA processing proteins Ago2 and Dicer were specifically inhibited at day 3 post-injury, with Ago2 becoming activated at day 14. Protein levels of Ago2 and Dicer in splenocytes were increased at day 14 relative to day 3 post-bone injury and NO animals, while in PBMC, levels were reduced at day 3 (albeit Dicer was not significant) and remained low at day 14. Ephrin receptor B6 followed the same tendency as Ago2 and Dicer, while Smad2/3 was significantly decreased in splenocytes from day 14 relative to NO and day 3 post-bone injury animals. Conclusion: Results show a systemic miRNA response to bone injury that is regulated in time and is related to inflammation resolution and the start of bone repair/regeneration, unravelling candidate miRNAs to be used as biomarkers in the monitoring of healthy bone healing and as therapeutic targets for the development of improved bone regeneration therapies.
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Abstract
Obesity, which has become a major global epidemic, is associated with numerous comorbidities and nearly every chronic condition. Mitochondria play a central role in this disorder, as they control cell metabolism, regulating important processes, such as ATP production, lipid β-oxidation, oxidative stress, and inflammation. MicroRNAs (miRs) have been shown to regulate many biological processes associated with obesity, comprising adipocyte differentiation, insulin action, and fat metabolism. In addition, recent studies have confirmed that miRs are important regulators of mitochondrial function by either directly modulating mitochondrial proteins or targeting mitochondrial regulators, thereby modulating metabolic process in the context of obesity. In this review, we describe the different roles of mitochondria in obesity, specifically in adipose tissue, and those miRs that are involved in mitochondrial dysfunction in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mora Murri
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Hamid El Azzouzi
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands
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43
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Zaiou M, El Amri H, Bakillah A. The clinical potential of adipogenesis and obesity-related microRNAs. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:91-111. [PMID: 29170059 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a growing health problem commonly associated with numerous metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and some forms of cancer. The burden of obesity and associated cardiometabolic diseases are believed to arise through complex interplay between genetics and epigenetics predisposition, nutrition, environment, and lifestyle. However, the molecular basis and the repertoire of obesity-affecting factors are still unknown. Emerging evidence is connecting microRNAs (miRNAs) dysregulation with adipogenesis and obesity. Alteration in miRNAs expression could result in changes in the pattern of genes controlling a range of biological processes including inflammation, lipid metabolism, insulin resistance and adipogenesis. Hence, understanding exact roles of miRNAs as well as the degree of their contribution to the regulation of adipogenesis and fat cell development in obesity would provide new therapeutic targets for the development of novel and effective anti-obesity drugs. The objective of the current review is to: (i) discuss some of the latest development on relevant miRNAs dysregulation mainly in human adipogenesis and obesity, (ii) emphasize the role of circulating miRNAs as new promising therapeutics and attractive potential biomarkers for treating obesity and associated risk factor diseases, (iii) describe how dietary factors may influence obesity through modulation of miRNAs expression, (iv) highlight some of the actual limitations to the promise of miRNAs as novel therapeutics as well as to their translation for the benefit of patients, and finally (v) provide recommendations for future research on miRNA-based therapeutics that could lead to a breakthrough in the treatment of obesity and its associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zaiou
- Université de Lorraine, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue Albert Lebrun, 54000, Nancy, France.
| | - H El Amri
- Laboratoire de Génétique de la Gendarmerie Royale, Avenue Ibn Sina, Agdal, Rabat, Morocco
| | - A Bakillah
- State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Department of Medicine, 450 Clarkson Ave., Brooklyn, NY, 11203, USA
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Sharma NK, Varma V, Ma L, Hasstedt SJ, Das SK. Obesity Associated Modulation of miRNA and Co-Regulated Target Transcripts in Human Adipose Tissue of Non-Diabetic Subjects. Microrna 2018; 4:194-204. [PMID: 26527284 PMCID: PMC4740938 DOI: 10.2174/2211536604666151103121817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding regulatory RNAs. We performed a transcriptome-wide analysis of subcutaneous adipose tissue and in vitro studies to identify miRNAs and co-regulated target transcripts associated with insulin sensitivity (SI) and obesity in human. METHODS We selected 20 insulin-resistant (IR, SI=2.0±0.7) and 20 insulin-sensitive (IS, SI=7.2±2.3) subjects from a cohort of 117 metabolically characterized non-diabetic Caucasians for comparison. RESULTS After global profiling, 3 miRNAs had marginally different expressions between IR and IS subjects. A total of 14 miRNAs were significantly correlated with %fat mass, body mass index (BMI), or SI. The qRT-PCR validated the correlation of miR-148a-3p with BMI (r=-0.70, P=2.73X10(-6)). MiRNA target filtering analysis identified DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) as one of the target genes of miR-148a-3p. DNMT1 expression in adipose tissue was positively correlated with BMI (r=0.47, p=8.42X10(-7)) and was inversely correlated with miR-148a-3p (r=-0.34). Differentiation of SGBS preadipocytes showed up-regulation of miR-148a-3p and down-regulation of DNMT1 in differentiated adipocytes. After transfecting miR-148a-3p mimics into HeLa-S3 cells, DNMT1 was down-regulated, while transfection of adipose stem cells with miR-148a-3p inhibitor up-regulated DNMT1. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that miR-148a-3pmediated regulation of DNMT1 expression may play a mechanistic role in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Swapan K Das
- Section on Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, NRC Building#E159 Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA.
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Yadav DK, Shrestha S, Lillycrop KA, Joglekar CV, Pan H, Holbrook JD, Fall CH, Yajnik CS, Chandak GR. Vitamin B 12 supplementation influences methylation of genes associated with Type 2 diabetes and its intermediate traits. Epigenomics 2017; 10:71-90. [PMID: 29135286 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2017-0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect of B12 and/or folic acid supplementation on genome-wide DNA methylation. METHODS We performed Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip (Zymo Research, CA, USA) assay in children supplemented with B12 and/or folic acid (n = 12 in each group) and investigated the functional mechanism of selected differentially methylated loci. RESULTS We noted significant methylation changes postsupplementation in B12 (589 differentially methylated CpGs and 2892 regions) and B12 + folic acid (169 differentially methylated CpGs and 3241 regions) groups. Type 2 diabetes-associated genes TCF7L2 and FTO; and a miRNA, miR21 were further investigated in another B12-supplementation cohort. We also demonstrate that methylation influences miR21 expression and FTO, TCF7L2, CREBBP/CBP and SIRT1 are direct targets of miR21-3p. CONCLUSION B12 supplementation influences regulation of several metabolically important Type 2 diabetes-associated genes through methylation of miR21. Hence, our study provides novel epigenetic explanation for the association between disordered one carbon metabolism and risk of adiposity, insulin resistance and diabetes and has translational potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilip K Yadav
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 007, India
| | - Smeeta Shrestha
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 007, India.,Building No 7, School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Dayananda Sagar University, Shavige Malleshwara Hills, Kumaraswamy Layout, Bangalore 560 078, Karnataka, India
| | - Karen A Lillycrop
- Research Centre for Biological Sciences, Institute of Developmental Sciences, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, SO16 6 YD, UK
| | - Charu V Joglekar
- Diabetes Unit, King Edward Memorial Hospital & Research Centre, Rasta Peth, Pune, Maharashtra, 411 011, India
| | - Hong Pan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR, Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, 30 Medical Drive, 119521, Singapore
| | - Joanna D Holbrook
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR, Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, 30 Medical Drive, 119521, Singapore.,Human Development & Health Academic Unit, University of Southampton & National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton & University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6 YD, UK
| | - Caroline Hd Fall
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, SO16 6 YD, UK
| | - Chittaranjan S Yajnik
- Diabetes Unit, King Edward Memorial Hospital & Research Centre, Rasta Peth, Pune, Maharashtra, 411 011, India
| | - Giriraj R Chandak
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 007, India.,Adjunct Faculty, Human Genetics Unit, Genome Institute of Singapore, Biopolis, 138672, Singapore
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Munetsuna E, Yamada H, Ando Y, Yamazaki M, Tsuboi Y, Kondo M, Mizuno G, Ishikawa H, Sugimoto K, Osakabe K, Ichino N, Ohashi K, Hamajima N, Suzuki K. Association of subcutaneous and visceral fat with circulating microRNAs in a middle-aged Japanese population. Ann Clin Biochem 2017; 55:437-445. [PMID: 28920467 DOI: 10.1177/0004563217735124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Purpose It has been demonstrated that circulating microRNA profiles are affected by physiological conditions. Several studies have demonstrated that microRNAs play important roles in the regulation of adiposity. However, few have investigated the relationship between circulating microRNAs and obesity, which has become a major public health problem worldwide. This study investigated the association between circulating microRNAs and obesity in a Japanese population. Methods Obesity parameters, such as subcutaneous and visceral fat adipose tissue, body fat percentage, and body mass index were assessed in a cross-sectional sample of 526 participants who attended health examinations in Yakumo, Japan. In addition, five circulating microRNAs (miR-20a, -21, -27a, -103a, and -320), which are involved in adipocyte proliferation and differentiation, were quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction amplification. Results We compared the circulating microRNA concentrations in a percentile greater than 75th (high) with below the value (low) of subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral fat adipose tissue, body mass index, and per cent body fat. For visceral fat adipose tissue, significant decrease in miR-320 expression was observed in high group. Also, for body mass index, significant change of miR-20a, -27a, 103a, and 320 expression level was observed in high group. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that circulating levels of some microRNA such as miR-27a were significantly associated with subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral fat adipose tissue, and body mass index. Conclusions Our findings support the need for further studies to determine whether such changes are consistent across different populations and whether the identified microRNAs may represent novel biomarkers to predict the susceptibility and progression of obesity-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Munetsuna
- 1 Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hiroya Yamada
- 2 Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Ando
- 3 Department of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University Hospital, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Mirai Yamazaki
- 4 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Tsuboi
- 5 Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Mari Kondo
- 5 Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Genki Mizuno
- 4 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ishikawa
- 4 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Keiko Sugimoto
- 6 Department of Clinical Physiology, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Keisuke Osakabe
- 6 Department of Clinical Physiology, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Naohiro Ichino
- 6 Department of Clinical Physiology, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Koji Ohashi
- 4 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Hamajima
- 7 Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Koji Suzuki
- 5 Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
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Wang Q, Qi R, Liu H, Wang J, Huang W, Yang F, Huang J. Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acid Supplementation on the Expression Profile of miRNAs in Porcine Adipose Tissue. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8100271. [PMID: 29027986 PMCID: PMC5664121 DOI: 10.3390/genes8100271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) play a major role in adipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism in animals. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) appear to be involved in many biological processes in adipose tissue. However, the specific influence on miRNAs by CLA supplementation in porcine adipose tissue remains unclear. Thus, we continuously added 1.5% CLA to the pig diet from the embryo stage to the finishing period and conducted a high-throughput sequencing approach to analyse the changes in adipose tissue miRNAs. We identified 283 known porcine miRNAs, and 14 miRNAs were differentially expressed in response to CLA treatment. A Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that the targets of the 14 differentially expressed miRNAs were involved in the Wnt signalling pathway. The CLA treatment downregulated the gene expression of PPARγ, C/EBPα, FAS, and FATP1 in both subcutaneous and abdominal fat tissues; the analysis showed that ssc-miR-21 expression was significantly correlated with PPARγ expression (p < 0.05), and speculated that ssc-miR-21 might influence adipogenesis through PPARγ. In conclusion, our study analysed the miRNA profiles in porcine adipose tissues by CLA treatment, and demonstrated that miRNAs are important regulators of fat lipogenesis. This study provides valuable information for the molecular regulatory mechanism of CLA on adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing 402460, China.
| | - Renli Qi
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing 402460, China.
- Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Chongqing 402460, China.
| | - Hong Liu
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing 402460, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing 402460, China.
| | - Wenming Huang
- The Department of Animal Husbandry, Rongchang Campus, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, China.
| | - Feiyun Yang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing 402460, China.
- Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Chongqing 402460, China.
| | - Jinxiu Huang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing 402460, China.
- Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Chongqing 402460, China.
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48
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Zhang N, Zhang N, Song L, Xie H, Zhao C, Li S, Zhao W, Zhao Y, Gao C, Xu G. Adipokines and free fatty acids regulate insulin sensitivity by increasing microRNA-21 expression in human mature adipocytes. Mol Med Rep 2017. [PMID: 28627656 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global public health concern and may lead to a variety of complications. Previous studies have indicated that adipokines and energy‑source materials contribute to obesity and obesity‑associated insulin resistance. MicroRNAs (miRs) are endogenous 20‑ to 25‑nucleotide non‑coding RNAs associated with fat metabolism. It has been indicated that miR‑21 is associated with adipogenesis and metabolic syndrome. In the present study, the expression of miR‑21 in human mature adipocytes was analyzed using reverse transcription quantitative‑polymerase chain reaction following treatment with adipokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α, interleukin (IL)‑6, leptin, resistin and energy source materials, including free fatty acids (FFAs) and glucose. The current study demonstrated that the expression of miR‑21 in human mature adipocytes was upregulated following treatment with TNF‑α, IL‑6, leptin, resistin and FFAs. However, low‑ and high‑glucose did not have an effect on miR‑21 expression. These results confirmed that TNF‑α, IL‑6, leptin, resistin and FFAs may contribute to obesity and obesity‑associated insulin resistance via upregulating miR‑21 in human mature adipocytes. Therefore, miR‑21 may be a key regulatory factor of obesity and obesity‑associated insulin resistance, and represents a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The 82nd Hospital of The People's Liberation Army, Huaian, Jiangsu 223001, P.R. China
| | - Naijian Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The 82nd Hospital of The People's Liberation Army, Huaian, Jiangsu 223001, P.R. China
| | - Leilei Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The 82nd Hospital of The People's Liberation Army, Huaian, Jiangsu 223001, P.R. China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The 82nd Hospital of The People's Liberation Army, Huaian, Jiangsu 223001, P.R. China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The 82nd Hospital of The People's Liberation Army, Huaian, Jiangsu 223001, P.R. China
| | - Sujuan Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The 82nd Hospital of The People's Liberation Army, Huaian, Jiangsu 223001, P.R. China
| | - Wenxi Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The 82nd Hospital of The People's Liberation Army, Huaian, Jiangsu 223001, P.R. China
| | - Yaping Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The 82nd Hospital of The People's Liberation Army, Huaian, Jiangsu 223001, P.R. China
| | - Chunlin Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Guangfeng Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The 82nd Hospital of The People's Liberation Army, Huaian, Jiangsu 223001, P.R. China
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49
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Hu F, Xu P, Sun B, Teng G, Xiao Z. Deep sequencing reveals complex mechanisms of microRNA regulation during retinoic acid-induced neuronal differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Genomics 2017; 109:302-311. [PMID: 28502702 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) has an important role in nervous system development; exogenous RA could induce stem cells towards neural lineage cells. However, the miRNA regulation mechanism and biological process of this induction require further exploration. In this study, using high-throughput sequencing results, we evaluated the microRNA profiles of neurally differentiated adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs), summarized several crucial microRNAs that profoundly contributed to the differentiation process, and speculated that several miRNAs were likely to mimic RA or other factors to induce the neuronal differentiation of stem cells. The GO terms and KEGG PATHWAY in the DAVID tool were used to elucidate the biological process of RA induction. Finally, we described a network for clarifying the relationship among the miRNAs, target genes and signaling pathways. These findings will be beneficial for understanding the induction mechanism and supporting the application of RA in stem cell transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feihu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gaojun Teng
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhongdang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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50
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Hu F, Xu P, Sun B, Xiao Z. Differences in the MicroRNA profiles of subcutaneous adipose-derived stem cells and omental adipose-derived stem cells. Gene 2017; 625:55-63. [PMID: 28483594 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) isolated from subcutaneous (SC) and omentum (O) share similar characteristics, but the differences in their microRNA profiles are mostly unknown. In this study, besides significant differences in cell morphology and the differentiation ability of the two types of ASCs, the microRNA expression profiles of the cell lines were determined using SOLiD next-generation sequencing. The in-depth analysis found that miR-214, miR-222, miR-181a, miR-26a and miR-23/27/24 clusters and miR-375 act as "markers" to distinguish the different fat deposit-derived ASCs. Additionally, the global miRNA-mRNA interaction differences were revealed, and the results of the GO term enrichment and KEGG pathway in the DAVID tool showed that the molecular function, biological process and signaling pathways showed some different in the two types of ASCs. Our findings provided a clue to a more thorough understanding of the difference between SC-ASCs and O-ASCs and indicate their different potentials for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feihu Hu
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Xu
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Sun
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongdang Xiao
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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