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Bai X, Sun H, Jia L, Xu J, Zhang P, Zhang D, Gu Y, Chen B, Feng L. Chondrocyte targeting gold nanoparticles protect growth plate against inflammatory damage by maintaining cartilage balance. Mater Today Bio 2023; 23:100795. [PMID: 37766899 PMCID: PMC10519832 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cartilage destruction caused by inflammation is a clinical challenge. Many studies have investigated cartilage destruction in adults, but little research was conducted on children. In this study, the protective effect of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on the cartilage of children was realized by counteracting chondrocyte apoptosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in a young mouse model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced growth plate (GP) cartilage damage. Initially, engineered AuNPs can be efficiently absorbed by chondrocytes, approximately 20 times the amount absorbed by macrophages, resulting in a 29% ± 0.05% increase in chondrocyte viability. Then, AuNPs exposure significantly reduced the release of inflammatory cytokines and secretion of ECM degradation factors induced by LPS. Subsequently, AuNPs were applied to resist LPS-induced cartilage destruction in young mice. AuNPs inhibited the formation of gaps, without chondrocytes and extracellular matrix, between the proliferative and hypertrophy zones of the GP cartilage, and the gaps were noticeable in the LPS group. This finding can be attributed to the capability of AuNPs to reduce the LPS-induced apoptosis rate of mouse chondrocytes by 72.38% and the LPS-induced ECM degradation rate by 70.89%. Further analysis demonstrated that remission is partly due to AuNPs' role in maintaining the balance of catabolic and anabolic factors in the ECM. Altogether, these findings indicate that AuNPs can partially protect the cartilage of children from inflammatory damage by suppressing chondrocyte apoptosis and ECM degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bai
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Basic Research in Clinical Applied Biomechanics, China
| | - Hongyan Sun
- School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lina Jia
- School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Junjie Xu
- School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Deyuan Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yu Gu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Basic Research in Clinical Applied Biomechanics, China
| | - Bo Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lin Feng
- School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
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Menahem C, Foist M, Mansour Y, Shtaif B, Bar-Maisels M, Phillip M, Gat-Yablonski G. A Whey-Based Diet Can Ameliorate the Effects of LPS-Induced Growth Attenuation in Young Rats. Nutrients 2023; 15:1823. [PMID: 37111042 PMCID: PMC10146220 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation in childhood is associated with impaired growth. In the current study, a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) model of inflammation in young rats was used to study the efficacy of whey-based as compared to soy-based diets to ameliorate growth attenuation. Young rats were injected with LPS and fed normal chow or diets containing whey or soy as the sole protein source during treatment, or during the recovery period in a separate set of experiments. The body and spleen weight, food consumption, humerus length, and EGP height and structure were evaluated. Inflammatory markers in the spleen and markers of differentiation in the EGP were assessed using qPCR. The LPS led to a significant increase in the spleen weight and a decrease in the EGP height. Whey, but not soy, protected the animals from both effects. In the recovery model, whey led to increased EGP height at both 3 and 16 d post treatment. The most affected region in the EGP was the hypertrophic zone (HZ), which was significantly shortened by the LPS treatment but enlarged by whey. In conclusion, LPS affected the spleen weight and EGP height and had a specific effect on the HZ. Nutrition with whey protein appeared to protect the rats from the LPS-induced growth attenuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Menahem
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Michal Foist
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Yasmin Mansour
- The Jesse Z. and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, National Center for Childhood Diabetes, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva 4920235, Israel
| | - Biana Shtaif
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Petach Tikva 4920235, Israel
| | - Meytal Bar-Maisels
- The Jesse Z. and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, National Center for Childhood Diabetes, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva 4920235, Israel
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Petach Tikva 4920235, Israel
| | - Moshe Phillip
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- The Jesse Z. and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, National Center for Childhood Diabetes, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva 4920235, Israel
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Petach Tikva 4920235, Israel
| | - Galia Gat-Yablonski
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- The Jesse Z. and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, National Center for Childhood Diabetes, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva 4920235, Israel
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Petach Tikva 4920235, Israel
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3
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Lack of berberine effect on bone mechanical properties in rats with experimentally induced diabetes. Pharmacotherapy 2022; 146:112562. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kubo Y, Beckmann R, Fragoulis A, Conrads C, Pavanram P, Nebelung S, Wolf M, Wruck CJ, Jahr H, Pufe T. Nrf2/ARE Signaling Directly Regulates SOX9 to Potentially Alter Age-Dependent Cartilage Degeneration. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020263. [PMID: 35204144 PMCID: PMC8868513 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is implicated in osteoarthritis, and nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway maintains redox homeostasis. We investigated whether Nrf2/ARE signaling controls SOX9. SOX9 expression in human C-28/I2 chondrocytes was measured by RT–qPCR after shRNA-mediated knockdown of Nrf2 or its antagonist the Kelch-like erythroid cell-derived protein with cap ‘‘n’’ collar homology-associated protein 1 (Keap1). To verify whether Nrf2 transcriptionally regulates SOX9, putative ARE-binding sites in the proximal SOX9 promoter region were inactivated, cloned into pGL3, and co-transfected with phRL–TK for dual-luciferase assays. SOX9 promoter activities without and with Nrf2-inducer methysticin were compared. Sox9 expression in articular chondrocytes was correlated to cartilage thickness and degeneration in wild-type (WT) and Nrf2-knockout mice. Nrf2-specific RNAi significantly decreased SOX9 expression, whereas Keap1-specific RNAi increased it. Putative ARE sites (ARE1, ARE2) were identified in the SOX9 promoter region. ARE2 mutagenesis significantly reduced SOX9 promoter activity, but ARE1 excision did not. Functional ARE2 site was essential for methysticin-mediated induction of SOX9 promoter activity. Young Nrf2-knockout mice revealed significantly lower Sox9-positive chondrocytes, and old Nrf2-knockout animals showed thinner cartilage and more cartilage degeneration. Our results suggest Nrf2 directly regulates SOX9 in articular cartilage, and Nrf2-loss can develop mild osteoarthritis at old age. Pharmacological Nrf2 induction may hold the potential to diminish age-dependent cartilage degeneration through improving SOX9 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kubo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Wendlingweg 2, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.C.); (P.P.); (C.J.W.); (H.J.); (T.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-24-1808-9525
| | - Rainer Beckmann
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Wendlingweg 2, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.C.); (P.P.); (C.J.W.); (H.J.); (T.P.)
| | - Athanassios Fragoulis
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Wendlingweg 2, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.C.); (P.P.); (C.J.W.); (H.J.); (T.P.)
| | - Claudius Conrads
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Wendlingweg 2, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.C.); (P.P.); (C.J.W.); (H.J.); (T.P.)
| | - Prathyusha Pavanram
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Wendlingweg 2, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.C.); (P.P.); (C.J.W.); (H.J.); (T.P.)
| | - Sven Nebelung
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Michael Wolf
- Department of Orthodontics, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Christoph Jan Wruck
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Wendlingweg 2, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.C.); (P.P.); (C.J.W.); (H.J.); (T.P.)
| | - Holger Jahr
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Wendlingweg 2, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.C.); (P.P.); (C.J.W.); (H.J.); (T.P.)
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Pufe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Wendlingweg 2, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.C.); (P.P.); (C.J.W.); (H.J.); (T.P.)
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Liu X, Qian F, Fan Q, Lin L, He M, Li P, Cai H, Ma L, Cheng X, Yang X. NF-κB activation impedes the transdifferentiation of hypertrophic chondrocytes at the growth plate of mouse embryos in diabetic pregnancy. J Orthop Translat 2021; 31:52-61. [PMID: 34934622 PMCID: PMC8648796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus could cause numerous complications and health problems including abnormality of endochondral bone formation during embryogenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms still remain obscure. METHODS Streptozotoci (STZ) was injected to induce pregestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM) mouse model. The femurs of E18.5 mouse embryos from control and PGDM groups were harvested. Morphological staining was implemented to determine the abnormality of the bone development. The expressions of the key genes participating in osteogenesis (e.g., Sox9, Runx2, and Osterix), the NF-κB signaling molecules (e.g., P50, P65, IκBα), and the corresponding regulatory factors (e.g., Bmp2, phospho-p38) were evaluated by immunofluorescence, quantitative PCR and western blot. Finally, in vitro chondrocyte differentiation model was employed to verify the role of NF-κB on the expressions of chondro-osteogenic markers. RESULTS Alcian blue/alizarin red double staining and H&E staining demonstrated the restriction of skeletal development and relatively extended hypertrophic zone at growth plate in E18.5 STZ-induced diabetic mouse embryos compared to the control. Immunofluorescent staining and qPCR showed that Sox9 expression increased, while Runx2 and Osterix expressions decreased in the growth plate of the offspring of PGDM mice. Immunofluorescence of P65 manifested the activation of NF-κB signaling in growth plate in PGDM mouse embryos. Furthermore, the relatively extended hypertrophic zone was also observed in the growth plate of the NF-κB-activated transgenic mice, as well as the activated p65 up-regulated the expression of Bmp2 and p-p38. In ATDC5 cells, we could observe the high glucose up-regulated the P50 and P65 expressions and down-regulated IκBα expression, but the high glucose-activated NF-κB signaling could be reversed by addition of Bay (inhibitor of NF-κB signaling). The expression changes of Bmp2, Sox9 and Runx2 in presence of high glucose were resumed too. CONCLUSION Our data revealed that NF-κB signaling was involved in mediation effects of dysfunctional trans-differentiation of hypertrophic chondrocytes in the embryonic growth plate induced by maternal diabetic mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Liu
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Fan Qian
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qiwei Fan
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Li Lin
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Meiyao He
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Peizhi Li
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hongmei Cai
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Lisha Ma
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xuesong Yang
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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Ding R, Liu X, Zhang J, Yuan J, Zheng S, Cheng X, Jia J. Downregulation of miR-1-3p expression inhibits the hypertrophy and mineralization of chondrocytes in DDH. J Orthop Surg Res 2021; 16:512. [PMID: 34407854 PMCID: PMC8371903 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-021-02666-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a highly prevalent hip disease among children. However, its pathogenesis remains unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are important regulators of cartilage development. In a previous study, high-throughput miRNA sequencing of tissue samples from an animal model of DDH showed a low level of miR-1-3p in the cartilage of the acetabular roof (ARC), but its role in DDH pathogenesis was not addressed. Therefore, our aim here was to investigate the effects of miR-1-3p in the ARC. METHODS The diagnosis of acetabular dysplasia was confirmed with X-ray examination, while imaging and HE staining were conducted to further evaluate the ARC thickness in each animal model. FISH was employed to verify miR-1-3p expression in the ARC and chondrocytes. The miR-1-3p target genes were predicted by a bioinformatics database. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the targeting relationship between miR-1-3p and SOX9. The gene expression of miR-1-3p, SOX9, RUNX2 and collagen type X was evaluated by qPCR analysis. The protein expression of SOX9, RUNX2 and collagen type X was detected by western blot analysis. The levels of SOX9, RUNX2, and collagen type X in the ARC were further assessed via immunohistochemistry analysis. Finally, Alizarin Red S staining was used to observe the mineralized nodules produced by the chondrocytes. RESULTS We observed low expression of miR-1-3p in the ARC of animals with DDH. SOX9 is a miR-1-3p target gene. Using miR-1-3p silencing technology in vitro, we demonstrated significantly reduced chondrocyte-generated mineralized nodules compared to those of the control. We also confirmed that with miR-1-3p silencing, SOX9 expression was upregulated, whereas the expression of genes associated with endochondral osteogenesis such as RUNX2 and collagen type X was downregulated. To confirm the involvement of miR-1-3p silencing in abnormal ossification through SOX9, we also performed a rescue experiment in which SOX9 silencing restored the low expression of RUNX2 and collagen type X produced by downregulated miR-1-3p expression. Finally, the elevated SOX9 levels and reduced RUNX2 and collagen type X levels in the ARC of rabbits with DDH were also verified using immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR, and western blots. CONCLUSION The relatively low expression of miR-1-3p in the ARC may be the cause of abnormal endochondral ossification in the acetabular roof of animals with DDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xijuan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jinghong Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Sikuan Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xigao Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Institute of Orthopedics of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Institute of Minimally Invasive Orthopedics of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jingyu Jia
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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Wang X, Li Z, Wang C, Bai H, Wang Z, Liu Y, Bao Y, Ren M, Liu H, Wang J. Enlightenment of Growth Plate Regeneration Based on Cartilage Repair Theory: A Review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:654087. [PMID: 34150725 PMCID: PMC8209549 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.654087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The growth plate (GP) is a cartilaginous region situated between the epiphysis and metaphysis at the end of the immature long bone, which is susceptible to mechanical damage because of its vulnerable structure. Due to the limited regeneration ability of the GP, current clinical treatment strategies (e.g., bone bridge resection and fat engraftment) always result in bone bridge formation, which will cause length discrepancy and angular deformity, thus making satisfactory outcomes difficult to achieve. The introduction of cartilage repair theory and cartilage tissue engineering technology may encourage novel therapeutic approaches for GP repair using tissue engineered GPs, including biocompatible scaffolds incorporated with appropriate seed cells and growth factors. In this review, we summarize the physiological structure of GPs, the pathological process, and repair phases of GP injuries, placing greater emphasis on advanced tissue engineering strategies for GP repair. Furthermore, we also propose that three-dimensional printing technology will play a significant role in this field in the future given its advantage of bionic replication of complex structures. We predict that tissue engineering strategies will offer a significant alternative to the management of GP injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianggang Wang
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Zuhao Li
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haotian Bai
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Zhonghan Wang
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Yuzhe Liu
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Yirui Bao
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA 965 Hospital, Jilin, China
| | - Ming Ren
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - He Liu
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
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Long D, Liu M, Li H, Song J, Jiang X, Wang G, Yang X. Dysbacteriosis induces abnormal neurogenesis via LPS in a pathway requiring NF-κB/IL-6. Pharmacol Res 2021; 167:105543. [PMID: 33711435 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we identified elevated levels of LPS and suppressed neurogenesis in a successfully established mouse model of gut microbiota dysbiosis. We mimicked these phenotypes using mouse and chicken embryos exposed to LPS and found that dramatic variation in gene expression was due to changes in the dorsal-ventral patterning of the neural tube. Cell survival and excess ROS were also involved in this process. Antioxidant administration alleviated LPS-activated NF-κB signaling, while directly blocking NF-κB signaling altered the LPS-induced inhibition of neurogenesis. Furthermore, IL-6 was proven to play a vital role in the expression of crucial neurogenesis-related genes and NF-κB. In summary, we found that the suppression of neurogenesis induced by dysbacteriosis-derived LPS was significantly reversed in mice with fecal microbiota transplantation. This study reveals that gut dysbacteriosis-derived LPS impairs embryonic neurogenesis, and that the NF-κB/IL-6 pathway could be one of the main factors triggering the downstream signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denglu Long
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Haiyang Li
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jinhuan Song
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education of China, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Xuesong Yang
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Dong X, Xu X, Yang C, Luo Y, Wu Y, Wang J. USP7 regulates the proliferation and differentiation of ATDC5 cells through the Sox9-PTHrP-PTH1R axis. Bone 2021; 143:115714. [PMID: 33127578 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the effect of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 7 (USP7) on the proliferation and differentiation of ATDC5 cells and explore the underlying mechanisms. PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence staining were used to observe the expression of USP7 after chondrogenic induction. The expressions of markers of chondrogenic and hypertrophic differentiation, and parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP)/parathyroid hormone 1 receptor (PTH1R) signalling, were assessed by PCR, western blot, and histological staining under USP7 knockdown or its inhibitor. Cell proliferation was assessed by the CCK-8 assay and crystal violet staining. An in vivo experiment was performed to verify the functions of USP7 through histological and immunohistochemistry staining. Cyclopamine and abaloparatide were used to verify the signalling pathway. The interactions between USP7 and both PTHrP and sex-determining region Y-box 9 (Sox9) were tested by co-immunoprecipitation. The relationship between Sox9 and PTHrP was tested by chromatin immunoprecipitation and siRNA. USP7 knockdown or its inhibitor suppressed cell proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation but improved hypertrophic differentiation. The in vivo study obtained the same results. USP7 knockdown or its inhibitor inhibited PTHrP/PTH1R signalling to exert its function. Supplementation with cyclopamine suppressed PTHrP/PTH1R signalling and inhibited ATDC5 cell proliferation and differentiation. Supplementation with abaloparatide activated PTH1R to upregulate proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation but downregulated hypertrophic differentiation. Furthermore, USP7 interacted with Sox9 and Sox9 bound to PTTHrP to promote its expression. In conclusion, USP7 modulates the proliferation and differentiation of ATDC5 cells via the Sox9-PTHrP-PTH1R axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Dong
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Xu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Chang Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Yao Luo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Yanru Wu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China.
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10
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Dysbacteriosis-Derived Lipopolysaccharide Causes Embryonic Osteopenia through Retinoic-Acid-Regulated DLX5 Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072518. [PMID: 32260461 PMCID: PMC7177785 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests an adverse impact of gut microbiota dysbiosis on human health. However, it remains unclear whether embryonic osteogenesis is affected by maternal gut dysbacteriosis. In this study, we observed that elevated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels led to skeletal developmental retardation in an established mouse model of gut microbiota dysbiosis. Using chick embryos exposed to dysbacteriosis-derived LPS, we found restriction in the development of long bones as demonstrated by Alcian blue and alizarin red staining. Micro-CT and histological analysis exhibited decreased trabecular volume, bone mineral density, and collagen production, as well as suppressed osteoblastic gene expression (Ocn, Runx2, Osx, and Dlx5) in chick embryonic phalanges following LPS treatment. Atomic force microscopy manifested decreased roughness of MC3T3-E1 cells and poorly developed matrix vesicles (MVs) in presence of LPS. The expression of the aforementioned osteoblastic genes was suppressed in MC3T3-E1 cells as well. High-throughput RNA sequencing indicated that retinoic acid (RA) may play an important role in LPS-induced osteopenia. The addition of RA suppressed Dlx5 expression in MC3T3-E1 cells, as was also seen when exposed to LPS. Quantitative PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescent staining showed that retinoic acid receptor α (RARα) was upregulated by LPS or RA treatment, while the expression of DLX5 was downregulated. CYP1B1 expression was increased by LPS treatment in MC3T3-E1 cells, which might be attributed to the increased inflammatory factors and subsequently activated NF-κB signaling. Eventually, blocking RA signals with AGN193109 successfully restored LPS-inhibited osteoblastic gene expression. Taken together, our data reveals that maternal gut microbiota dysbiosis can interfere with bone ossification, in which Dlx5 expression regulated by RA signaling plays an important role.
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11
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Song J, Wang C, Long D, Li Z, You L, Brand-Saberi B, Wang G, Yang X. Dysbacteriosis-induced LPS elevation disturbs the development of muscle progenitor cells by interfering with retinoic acid signaling. FASEB J 2020; 34:6837-6853. [PMID: 32223025 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902965r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Whether myogenesis is affected by the maternal gut dysbacteriosis still remains ambiguous. In this study, first we show the elevated level of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in a gut microbiota dysbiosis mouse model. Second, we demonstrate that the diameter of muscle fibers, limb development, and somitogenesis were inhibited in both the gut microbiota dysbiosis and LPS exposed mice and chicken embryos. These might be due to LPS disturbed the cell survival and key genes which regulate the somitogenesis and myogenesis. RNA sequencing and subsequent validation experiments verified that retinoic acid (RA) signaling perturbation was mainly responsible for the aberrant somite formation and differentiation. Subsequently, we found that LPS-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS generation and antioxidant genes such as Nrf2, AKR1B10) contributed to the above -mentioned interference with RA signaling. These findings highlight that the gut microbiota homeostasis is also involved in regulating the development of muscle progenitor cells during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhuan Song
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaojie Wang
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Denglu Long
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziguang Li
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingsen You
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Beate Brand-Saberi
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Embryology, Institute of Anatomy, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Guang Wang
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuesong Yang
- Division of Histology and Embryology, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Berthelot JM, Sellam J, Maugars Y, Berenbaum F. Cartilage-gut-microbiome axis: a new paradigm for novel therapeutic opportunities in osteoarthritis. RMD Open 2019; 5:e001037. [PMID: 31673418 PMCID: PMC6803002 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2019-001037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA of gut microbiota can be found in synovium of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. This finding could result from the translocation of still alive bacteria from gut to joints through blood, since the diversified dormant microbiota of healthy human blood can be transiently resuscitated in vitro. The recent finding of gut microbiome in human cartilage, which differed between osteoarthritis and controls, suggests that a similar trafficking of dead or alive bacteria from gut microbiota physiologically occurs between gut and epiphysial bone marrow. Subchondral microbiota could enhance cartilage healing and transform components of deep cartilage matrix in metabolites with immunosuppressive properties. The differences of microbiome observed between hip and knee cartilage, either in osteoarthritis or controls, might be the counterpart of subtle differences in chondrocyte metabolism, themselves in line with differences in DNA methylation according to joints. Although bacteria theoretically cannot reach chondrocytes from the surface of intact cartilage, some bacteria enter the vascular channels of the epiphysial growth cartilage in young animals, whereas others can infect chondrocytes in vitro. In osteoarthritis, the early osteochondral plate angiogenesis may further enhance the ability of microbiota to locate close to the deeper layers of cartilage, and this might lead to focal dysbiosis, low-grade inflammation, cartilage degradation, epigenetic changes in chondrocytes and worsening of osteoarthritis. More studies on cartilage across different ethnic groups, weights, and according to age, are needed, to confirm the silent presence of gut microbiota close to human cartilage and better understand its physiologic and pathogenic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marie Berthelot
- Rheumatology Unit, Nantes University Hospital, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes Cedex 01, France
| | - Jérémie Sellam
- Sorbonne University, Paris, France.,INSERM UMRS_938, CRSA, Paris, France.,Department of Rheumatology, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Saint- Antoine Hospital, DMU 3iD, Paris, France
| | - Yves Maugars
- Rheumatology Unit, Nantes University Hospital, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes Cedex 01, France
| | - Francis Berenbaum
- Sorbonne University, Paris, France.,INSERM UMRS_938, CRSA, Paris, France.,Department of Rheumatology, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Saint- Antoine Hospital, DMU 3iD, Paris, France
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