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Shinoda Y, Sadakata T, Yagishita K, Kinameri E, Katoh-Semba R, Sano Y, Furuichi T. Aspects of excitatory/inhibitory synapses in multiple brain regions are correlated with levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor/neurotrophin-3. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 509:429-434. [PMID: 30594389 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.12.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Appropriate synapse formation during development is necessary for normal brain function, and synapse impairment is often associated with brain dysfunction. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) are key factors in regulating synaptic development. We previously reported that BDNF/NT-3 secretion was enhanced by calcium-dependent activator protein for secretion 2 (CADPS2). Although BDNF/NT-3 and CADPS2 are co-expressed in various brain regions, the effect of Cadps2-deficiency on brain region-specific BDNF/NT-3 levels and synaptic development remains elusive. Here, we show developmental changes of BDNF/NT-3 levels and we assess disruption of excitatory/inhibitory synapses in multiple brain regions (cerebellum, hypothalamus, striatum, hippocampus, parietal cortex and prefrontal cortex) of Cadps2 knockout (KO) mice compared with wild-type (WT) mice. Compared with WT, BDNF levels in KO mice were reduced in young/adult hippocampus, but increased in young hypothalamus, while NT-3 levels were reduced in adult cerebellum and young hippocampus, but increased in adult parietal cortex. Immunofluorescence of vGluT1, an excitatory synapse marker, and vGAT, an inhibitory synapse marker, in adult KO showed that vGluT1 was higher in the cerebellum and parietal cortex but lower in the hippocampus, whereas vGAT was lower in the hippocampus and parietal cortex compared with WT. Immunolabeling for both vGluT1 and vGAT was increased in the parietal cortex but vGAT was decreased in the cerebellum in adult KO compared with WT. These data suggest that CADPS2-mediated secretion of BDNF/NT-3 may be involved in development and maturation of synapses and in the balance between inhibitory and excitatory synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yo Shinoda
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan; Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan; Laboratory for Molecular Neurogenesis, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Tetsushi Sadakata
- Laboratory for Molecular Neurogenesis, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan; Education and Research Support Center, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Kaori Yagishita
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Emi Kinameri
- Laboratory for Molecular Neurogenesis, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Katoh-Semba
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan; Laboratory for Molecular Neurogenesis, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yoshitake Sano
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Teiichi Furuichi
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan; Laboratory for Molecular Neurogenesis, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
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2
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Ding X, Wu HH, Ji SJ, Cai S, Dai PW, Xu ML, Zhang JJ, Zhang QX, Tian Y, Ma QH. The p75 neurotrophin receptor regulates cranial irradiation-induced hippocampus-dependent cognitive dysfunction. Oncotarget 2018; 8:40544-40557. [PMID: 28380447 PMCID: PMC5522261 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive deficits, characterized by progressive problems with hippocampus-dependent learning, memory and spatial processing, are the most serious complication of cranial irradiation. However, the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is involved in a diverse arrays of cellular responses, including neurite outgrowth, neurogenesis, and negative regulation of spine density, which are associated with various neurological disorders. In this study, male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats received 10 Gy cranial irradiation. Then, we evaluated the expression of p75NTR in the hippocampus after cranial irradiation and explored its potential role in radiation-induced synaptic dysfunction and memory deficits. We found that the expression of p75NTR was significantly increased in the irradiated rat hippocampus. Knockdown of p75NTR by intrahippocampal infusion of AAV8-shp75 ameliorated dendritic spine abnormalities, and restored synapse-related protein levels, thus preventing memory deficits, likely through normalization the phosphor-AKT activity. Moreover, viral-mediated overexpression of p75NTR in the normal hippocampus reproduced learning and memory deficits. Overall, this study demonstrates that p75NTR is an important mediator of irradiation-induced cognitive deficits by regulating dendritic development and synapse structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ding
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
| | - Hao-Hao Wu
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
| | - Sheng-Jun Ji
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Shang Cai
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
| | - Pei-Wen Dai
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
| | - Mei-Ling Xu
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun-Jun Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
| | - Qi-Xian Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
| | - Quan-Hong Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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3
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Gharebaghi A, Amiri I, Salehi I, Shahidi S, Komaki A, Mehdizadeh M, Moravej FG, Asl SS. Treadmill exercise attenuates 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced memory impairment through a decrease apoptosis in male rat hippocampus. J Neurosci Res 2017; 95:2448-2455. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Gharebaghi
- Research Center for Behavioral Disorders and Substance Abuse; Hamadan University of Medical Sciences; Hamadan Iran
| | - Iraj Amiri
- Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center; Hamadan University of Medical Sciences; Hamadan Iran
| | - Iraj Salehi
- Neurophysiology Research Center; Hamadan University of Medical Sciences; Hamadan Iran
| | - Siamak Shahidi
- Neurophysiology Research Center; Hamadan University of Medical Sciences; Hamadan Iran
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center; Hamadan University of Medical Sciences; Hamadan Iran
| | - Mehdi Mehdizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center; Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Iran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Fahimeh Ghasemi Moravej
- Anatomy Department; School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences; Hamadan Iran
| | - Sara Soleimani Asl
- Research Center for Behavioral Disorders and Substance Abuse; Hamadan University of Medical Sciences; Hamadan Iran
- Anatomy Department; School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences; Hamadan Iran
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4
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PROneurotrophins and CONSequences. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:2934-2951. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0505-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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5
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Differences in the Biological Functions of BDNF and proBDNF in the Central Nervous System. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11055-017-0391-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Suzuki S, Koshimizu H, Adachi N, Matsuoka H, Fushimi S, Ono J, Ohta KI, Miki T. Functional interaction between BDNF and mGluR II in vitro: BDNF down-regulated mGluR II gene expression and an mGluR II agonist enhanced BDNF-induced BDNF gene expression in rat cerebral cortical neurons. Peptides 2017; 89:42-49. [PMID: 28119091 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests functional interaction between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) signaling pathways in the central nervous system (CNS). To date, eight subtypes of mGluRs, mGluR1-8, have been identified, and a previous study suggested that BDNF leads to down-regulation of GluR2 mRNA in rat cerebral cortical cultures. However, precise transcriptomic effects of BDNF on other mGluRs and their cellular significance on the BDNF signaling pathway remain largely unknown. In this study, we assessed the transcriptomic effects of BDNF on mGluR1-8 in primary cultures of rat cerebral cortical neurons, and transcriptomic impacts of mGluR(s) whose expression is regulated by BDNF, on BDNF target genes. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) revealed that stimulation of the cultures with 100ng/mL BDNF led to marked reductions not only in the gene expression levels of mGluR2, but also in those of mGluR3, both of which belong to group II mGluRs (mGluR II). There were, on the other hand, no changes in the amounts of mGluR I (mGluR1 and 5) and III (mGluR4, 6, 7, and 8) mRNA. Further, 10ng/mL of BDNF, which mainly activates the high-affinity BDNF receptor, TrkB, but not the low-affinity receptor, p75NTR, was able to induce down-regulation of mGluR II mRNA. The BDNF-induced suppression of mGluR II was not significantly attenuated in the presence of tetrodotoxin (TTX), a blocker for voltage-gated sodium channels. In addition, on stimulation with BDNF (100ng/mL), no significant down-regulation of mGluR II mRNA was seen in cultured astrocytes, which only express the truncated form of TrkB. Finally, we assessed the transcriptomic effect of mGluR II on the expressions of BDNF target genes, BDNF and activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc). LY404039, an mGluR II agonist, enhanced the BDNF-induced up-regulation of BDNF, but not Arc. On the other hand, LY341495, an mGluR II antagonist, down-regulated BDNF mRNA levels. Collectively, these observations demonstrated the detailed functional interaction between BDNF and mGluR II: Activation of mGluR II positively regulates self-induced BDNF expression, and, in turn, BDNF negatively regulates the gene expression of mGluR II in a neuronal activity-independent manner, in cortical neurons, but not in astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Suzuki
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan.
| | - Hisatsugu Koshimizu
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Tokyo, Japan; Bio-interface Research Group,Health Research Inst., National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ikeda, Japan.
| | - Naoki Adachi
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Japan
| | - Hidetada Matsuoka
- School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Satoko Fushimi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Junichiro Ono
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Ohta
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Takanori Miki
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
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Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) belongs to a family of small secreted proteins that also include nerve growth factor, neurotrophin 3, and neurotrophin 4. BDNF stands out among all neurotrophins by its high expression levels in the brain and its potent effects at synapses. Several aspects of BDNF biology such as transcription, processing, and secretion are regulated by synaptic activity. Such observations prompted the suggestion that BDNF may regulate activity-dependent forms of synaptic plasticity such as long-term potentiation (LTP), a sustained enhancement of excitatory synaptic efficacy thought to underlie learning and memory. Here, we will review the evidence pointing to a fundamental role of this neurotrophin in LTP, especially within the hippocampus. Prominent questions in the field, including the release and action sites of BDNF during LTP, as well as the signaling and molecular mechanisms involved, will also be addressed. The diverse effects of BDNF at excitatory synapses are determined by the activation of TrkB receptors and downstream signaling pathways, and the functions, typically opposing in nature, of its immature form (proBDNF). The activation of p75NTR receptors by proBDNF and the implications for long-term depression will also be addressed. Finally, we discuss the synergy between TrkB and glucocorticoid receptor signaling to determine cellular responses to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Leal
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - C R Bramham
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - C B Duarte
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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8
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Long-term depression-associated signaling is required for an in vitro model of NMDA receptor-dependent synapse pruning. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2016; 138:39-53. [PMID: 27794462 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2016.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Activity-dependent pruning of synaptic contacts plays a critical role in shaping neuronal circuitry in response to the environment during postnatal brain development. Although there is compelling evidence that shrinkage of dendritic spines coincides with synaptic long-term depression (LTD), and that LTD is accompanied by synapse loss, whether NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-dependent LTD is a required step in the progression toward synapse pruning is still unknown. Using repeated applications of NMDA to induce LTD in dissociated rat neuronal cultures, we found that synapse density, as measured by colocalization of fluorescent markers for pre- and postsynaptic structures, was decreased irrespective of the presynaptic marker used, post-treatment recovery time, and the dendritic location of synapses. Consistent with previous studies, we found that synapse loss could occur without apparent net spine loss or cell death. Furthermore, synapse loss was unlikely to require direct contact with microglia, as the number of these cells was minimal in our culture preparations. Supporting a model by which NMDAR-LTD is required for synapse loss, the effect of NMDA on fluorescence colocalization was prevented by phosphatase and caspase inhibitors. In addition, gene transcription and protein translation also appeared to be required for loss of putative synapses. These data support the idea that NMDAR-dependent LTD is a required step in synapse pruning and contribute to our understanding of the basic mechanisms of this developmental process.
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Pesarico AP, Sartori G, Brüning CA, Mantovani AC, Duarte T, Zeni G, Nogueira CW. A novel isoquinoline compound abolishes chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depressive-like behavior in mice. Behav Brain Res 2016; 307:73-83. [PMID: 27036647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) elicits aspects of cognitive and behavioral alterations that can be used to model comparable aspects of depression in humans. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antidepressant-like potential of 7-fluoro-1,3-diphenylisoquinoline-1-amine (FDPI), a novel isoquinoline compound, in CUMS, a model that meets face, construct and predictive criteria for validity. Swiss mice were subjected to different stress paradigms daily for a period of 35 days to induce the depressive-like behavior. The animals received concomitant FDPI (0.1 and 1mg/kg, intragastric) or paroxetine (8mg/kg, intraperitoneal) and CUMS. The behavioral tests (splash test, tail suspension test, modified forced swimming test and locomotor activity) were performed. The levels of cytokines, corticosterone and adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) hormones were determined in the mouse prefrontal cortex and serum. The synaptosomal [(3)H] serotonin (5-HT) uptake, nuclear factor (NF)-κB, tyrosine kinase receptor (TrkB) and pro-brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were determined in the mouse prefrontal cortex. CUMS induced a depressive-like behavior in mice, which was demonstrated in the modified forced swimming, tail suspension and splash tests. FDPI at both doses prevented depressive-like behavior induced by CUMS, without altering the locomotor activity of mice. FDPI at the highest dose prevented the increase in the levels of NF-kB, pro-inflammatory cytokines, corticosterone and ACTH and modulated [(3)H]5-HT uptake and the proBDNF/TrkB signaling pathway altered by CUMS. The present findings demonstrated that FDPI elicited an antidepressant-like effect in a model of stress-induced depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Pesarico
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, CEP 97105-900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gláubia Sartori
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, CEP 97105-900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - César A Brüning
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, CEP 97105-900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Anderson C Mantovani
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, CEP 97105-900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Thiago Duarte
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, CEP 97105-900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gilson Zeni
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, CEP 97105-900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cristina Wayne Nogueira
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, CEP 97105-900 Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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MENSHANOV PN, LANSHAKOV DA, DYGALO NN. proBDNF Is a Major Product of bdnf Gene Expressed in the Perinatal Rat Cortex. Physiol Res 2015; 64:925-34. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.932996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In the developing brain, mature brain derived neurotrophic factor (mBDNF) and its precursor (proBDNF) exhibit prosurvival and proapoptotic functions, respectively. However, it is still unknown whether mBDNF or proBDNF is a major form of neurotrophin expressed in the immature brain, as well as if the level of active caspase-3 correlates with the levels of BDNF forms during normal brain development. Here we found that both proBDNF and mBDNF were expressed abundantly in the rat brainstem, hippocampus and cerebellum between embryonic day 20 and postnatal day 8. The levels of mature neurotrophin as well as mBDNF to proBDNF ratios negatively correlated with the expression of active caspase-3 across brain regions. The immature cortex was the only structure, in which proBDNF was the major product of bdnf gene, especially in the cortical layers 2-3. And only in the cortex, the expression of BDNF precursor positively correlated with the levels of active caspase-3. These findings suggest that proBDNF alone may play an important role in the regulation of naturally occurring cell death during cortical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. N. MENSHANOV
- Functional Neurogenomics Laboratory, Institute of Cytology and Genetics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
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Chang CC, Fang WH, Chang HA, Huang SY. Functional Ser205Leu polymorphism of the nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR) gene is associated with vagal autonomic dysregulation in humans. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13136. [PMID: 26278479 PMCID: PMC4538378 DOI: 10.1038/srep13136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence indicates that reduced cardiac vagal (parasympathetic) tone, a robust cardiovascular risk factor, is a trait vulnerability marker of major depressive disorder (MDD). The Ser205/Ser205 genotype of the functional polymorphism (Ser205Leu) of the nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR), also called p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR), gene is reported to increase the risk of MDD. Here, we hypothesized that the NGFR Ser205Leu polymorphism may have an effect on vagal control. A sample of 810 healthy, drug-free, unrelated Han Chinese (413 males, 397 females; mean age 35.17 ± 8.53 years) was included in the NGFR genotyping. Short-term heart rate variability (HRV) was used to assess vagus-mediated autonomic function. Potential HRV covariates, such as mood/anxiety status and serum metabolic parameters, were assessed. Homozygotes of the Ser205 allele had significantly lower high frequency power and root mean square of successive heartbeat interval differences, both HRV indices of vagal modulation, compared to Leu205 allele carriers. Even after adjusting for relevant confounders, these associations remained significant. Further stratification by sex revealed that the associations were observed only in males. Our results implicate that decreased parasympathetic activity is associated with the NGFR Ser205/Ser205 genotype in a gender-specific manner, suggesting a potential role of NGFR polymorphism in modulating cardiac autonomic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Chia Chang
- 1] Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan [2] Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hui Fang
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-An Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - San-Yuan Huang
- 1] Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan [2] Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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12
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Dendritic spine dynamics leading to spine elimination after repeated inductions of LTD. Sci Rep 2015; 5:7707. [PMID: 25573377 PMCID: PMC4648349 DOI: 10.1038/srep07707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Memory is fixed solidly by repetition. However, the cellular mechanism underlying this repetition-dependent memory consolidation/reconsolidation remains unclear. In our previous study using stable slice cultures of the rodent hippocampus, we found long-lasting synaptic enhancement/suppression coupled with synapse formation/elimination after repeated inductions of chemical LTP/LTD, respectively. We proposed these phenomena as useful model systems for analyzing repetition-dependent memory consolidation. Recently, we analyzed the dynamics of dendritic spines during development of the enhancement, and found that the spines increased in number following characteristic stochastic processes. The current study investigates spine dynamics during the development of the suppression. We found that the rate of spine retraction increased immediately leaving that of spine generation unaltered. Spine elimination occurred independent of the pre-existing spine density on the dendritic segment. In terms of elimination, mushroom-type spines were not necessarily more stable than stubby-type and thin-type spines.
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13
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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor heterozygous mutant rats show selective cognitive changes and vulnerability to chronic corticosterone treatment. Neuroscience 2015; 284:297-310. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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14
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Brito V, Giralt A, Enriquez-Barreto L, Puigdellívol M, Suelves N, Zamora-Moratalla A, Ballesteros JJ, Martín ED, Dominguez-Iturza N, Morales M, Alberch J, Ginés S. Neurotrophin receptor p75(NTR) mediates Huntington's disease-associated synaptic and memory dysfunction. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:4411-28. [PMID: 25180603 PMCID: PMC4191006 DOI: 10.1172/jci74809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Learning and memory deficits are early clinical manifestations of Huntington's disease (HD). These cognitive impairments have been mainly associated with frontostriatal HD pathology; however, compelling evidence provided by several HD murine models suggests that the hippocampus may contribute to synaptic deficits and memory dysfunction in HD. The neurotrophin receptor p75(NTR) negatively regulates spine density, which is associated with learning and memory; therefore, we explored whether disturbed p75(NTR) function in the hippocampus could contribute to synaptic dysfunction and memory deficits in HD. Here, we determined that levels of p75(NTR) are markedly increased in the hippocampus of 2 distinct mouse models of HD and in HD patients. Normalization of p75(NTR) levels in HD mutant mice heterozygous for p75(NTR) prevented memory and synaptic plasticity deficits and ameliorated dendritic spine abnormalities, likely through normalization of the activity of the GTPase RhoA. Moreover, viral-mediated overexpression of p75(NTR) in the hippocampus of WT mice reproduced HD learning and memory deficits, while knockdown of p75(NTR) in the hippocampus of HD mice prevented cognitive decline. Together, these findings provide evidence of hippocampus-associated memory deficits in HD and demonstrate that p75(NTR) mediates synaptic, learning, and memory dysfunction in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Brito
- Departament de Biologia Celηlular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain. Structural Synaptic Plasticity Lab, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de la Rioja, La Rioja, Spain. Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, Albacete Science and Technology Park (PCyTA), Institute for Research in Neurological Disabilities (IDINE), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Albert Giralt
- Departament de Biologia Celηlular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain. Structural Synaptic Plasticity Lab, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de la Rioja, La Rioja, Spain. Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, Albacete Science and Technology Park (PCyTA), Institute for Research in Neurological Disabilities (IDINE), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Lilian Enriquez-Barreto
- Departament de Biologia Celηlular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain. Structural Synaptic Plasticity Lab, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de la Rioja, La Rioja, Spain. Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, Albacete Science and Technology Park (PCyTA), Institute for Research in Neurological Disabilities (IDINE), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Mar Puigdellívol
- Departament de Biologia Celηlular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain. Structural Synaptic Plasticity Lab, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de la Rioja, La Rioja, Spain. Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, Albacete Science and Technology Park (PCyTA), Institute for Research in Neurological Disabilities (IDINE), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Nuria Suelves
- Departament de Biologia Celηlular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain. Structural Synaptic Plasticity Lab, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de la Rioja, La Rioja, Spain. Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, Albacete Science and Technology Park (PCyTA), Institute for Research in Neurological Disabilities (IDINE), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Alfonsa Zamora-Moratalla
- Departament de Biologia Celηlular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain. Structural Synaptic Plasticity Lab, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de la Rioja, La Rioja, Spain. Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, Albacete Science and Technology Park (PCyTA), Institute for Research in Neurological Disabilities (IDINE), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Jesús J. Ballesteros
- Departament de Biologia Celηlular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain. Structural Synaptic Plasticity Lab, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de la Rioja, La Rioja, Spain. Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, Albacete Science and Technology Park (PCyTA), Institute for Research in Neurological Disabilities (IDINE), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Eduardo D. Martín
- Departament de Biologia Celηlular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain. Structural Synaptic Plasticity Lab, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de la Rioja, La Rioja, Spain. Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, Albacete Science and Technology Park (PCyTA), Institute for Research in Neurological Disabilities (IDINE), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Nuria Dominguez-Iturza
- Departament de Biologia Celηlular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain. Structural Synaptic Plasticity Lab, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de la Rioja, La Rioja, Spain. Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, Albacete Science and Technology Park (PCyTA), Institute for Research in Neurological Disabilities (IDINE), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Miguel Morales
- Departament de Biologia Celηlular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain. Structural Synaptic Plasticity Lab, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de la Rioja, La Rioja, Spain. Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, Albacete Science and Technology Park (PCyTA), Institute for Research in Neurological Disabilities (IDINE), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Jordi Alberch
- Departament de Biologia Celηlular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain. Structural Synaptic Plasticity Lab, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de la Rioja, La Rioja, Spain. Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, Albacete Science and Technology Park (PCyTA), Institute for Research in Neurological Disabilities (IDINE), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Sílvia Ginés
- Departament de Biologia Celηlular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain. Structural Synaptic Plasticity Lab, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de la Rioja, La Rioja, Spain. Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Synaptic Plasticity, Albacete Science and Technology Park (PCyTA), Institute for Research in Neurological Disabilities (IDINE), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
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15
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Dendritic spine dynamics in synaptogenesis after repeated LTP inductions: dependence on pre-existing spine density. Sci Rep 2014; 3:1957. [PMID: 23739837 PMCID: PMC3674431 DOI: 10.1038/srep01957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Not only from our daily experience but from learning experiments in animals, we know that the establishment of long-lasting memory requires repeated practice. However, cellular backgrounds underlying this repetition-dependent consolidation of memory remain largely unclear. We reported previously using organotypic slice cultures of rodent hippocampus that the repeated inductions of LTP (long-term potentiation) lead to a slowly developing long-lasting synaptic enhancement accompanied by synaptogenesis distinct from LTP itself, and proposed this phenomenon as a model system suitable for the analysis of the repetition-dependent consolidation of memory. Here we examined the dynamics of individual dendritic spines after repeated LTP-inductions and found the existence of two phases in the spines' stochastic behavior that eventually lead to the increase in spine density. This spine dynamics occurred preferentially in the dendritic segments having low pre-existing spine density. Our results may provide clues for understanding the cellular bases underlying the repetition-dependent consolidation of memory.
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16
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Llorens-Martín M, Jurado J, Hernández F, Avila J. GSK-3β, a pivotal kinase in Alzheimer disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2014; 7:46. [PMID: 24904272 PMCID: PMC4033045 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2014.00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common form of age-related dementia. The etiology of AD is considered to be multifactorial as only a negligible percentage of cases have a familial or genetic origin. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is regarded as a critical molecular link between the two histopathological hallmarks of the disease, namely senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. In this review, we summarize current data regarding the involvement of this kinase in several aspects of AD development and progression, as well as key observations highlighting GSK-3 as one of the most relevant targets for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jerónimo Jurado
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid, Spain ; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain
| | - Félix Hernández
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid, Spain ; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain ; Biology Faculty, Autónoma University Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Avila
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid, Spain ; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Spain
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17
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Di Loreto S, Falone S, D'Alessandro A, Santini S, Sebastiani P, Cacchio M, Amicarelli F. Regular and moderate exercise initiated in middle age prevents age-related amyloidogenesis and preserves synaptic and neuroprotective signaling in mouse brain cortex. Exp Gerontol 2014; 57:57-65. [PMID: 24835196 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although the beneficial responses induced in the central nervous system by early-initiated exercise have been broadly investigated, the effects of a chronic and moderate lately-initiated exercise on biochemical hallmarks of very early brain senescence have not been extensively studied. We previously reported that a midlife-initiated regimen of moderate running was able not only to prevent the age-related decay of antioxidative and detoxification functions in mouse brain cortex, but also to preserve neurotrophic support and molecular integrity. On this basis, this work investigated whether and how a 2-mo or 4-mo midlife-initiated running protocol could affect the activity of those systems involved in maintaining neuronal function and in preventing the onset of neurodegeneration within the brain cortex of middle-aged CD-1 mice. In particular, we analyzed the production of the peptide amyloid-β and the expression of synapsin Ia, which is known to play a key role in neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. In addition, we studied the expression of sirtuin 3, as a protein marker of neuroprotection against age-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction, as well as the pro-death pathway induced by proBDNF through the interaction with p75NTR and the co-receptor sortilin. The midlife-initiated 4-mo running program triggered multiple responses within the mouse brain cortex, through the activation of anti-amyloidogenic, pro-survival, synaptogenic and neuroprotective pathways. However, most of the beneficial actions of the exercise regimen appeared only after 4months, since 2-mo-exercised mice showed marked impairments of the endpoints we considered. This could imply that a midlife-initiated regimen of moderate treadmill running may require an adequate time lag to activate beneficial compensative mechanisms within the mouse brain cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Di Loreto
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), Via Giosuè Carducci, 32 - Rotilio Center, L'Aquila (AQ), Italy
| | - Stefano Falone
- Dept. of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio-Coppito, L'Aquila (AQ), Italy.
| | - Antonella D'Alessandro
- Dept. of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio-Coppito, L'Aquila (AQ), Italy
| | - Silvano Santini
- Dept. of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio-Coppito, L'Aquila (AQ), Italy
| | - Pierluigi Sebastiani
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), Via Giosuè Carducci, 32 - Rotilio Center, L'Aquila (AQ), Italy
| | - Marisa Cacchio
- Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini, Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy
| | - Fernanda Amicarelli
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), Via Giosuè Carducci, 32 - Rotilio Center, L'Aquila (AQ), Italy; Dept. of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio-Coppito, L'Aquila (AQ), Italy
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18
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Sakuragi S, Tominaga-Yoshino K, Ogura A. Involvement of TrkB- and p75(NTR)-signaling pathways in two contrasting forms of long-lasting synaptic plasticity. Sci Rep 2013; 3:3185. [PMID: 24212565 PMCID: PMC3822391 DOI: 10.1038/srep03185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The repetition of experience is often necessary to establish long-lasting memory. However, the cellular mechanisms underlying this repetition-dependent consolidation of memory remain unclear. We previously observed in organotypic slice cultures of the rodent hippocampus that repeated inductions of long-term potentiation (LTP) led to a slowly developing long-lasting synaptic enhancement coupled with synaptogenesis. We also reported that repeated inductions of long-term depression (LTD) produced a long-lasting synaptic suppression coupled with synapse elimination. We proposed these phenomena as useful in vitro models for analyzing repetition-dependent consolidation. Here, we hypothesized that the enhancement and suppression are mediated by the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-TrkB signaling pathway and the proBDNF-p75(NTR) pathway, respectively. When we masked the respective pathways, reversals of the enhancement and suppression resulted. These results suggest the alternative activation of the p75(NTR) pathway by BDNF under TrkB-masking conditions and of the TrkB pathway by proBDNF under p75(NTR)-masking conditions, thus supporting the aforementioned hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Sakuragi
- Department of Neuroscience, Osaka University Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Suita 565-0871 Osaka, Japan
| | - Keiko Tominaga-Yoshino
- Department of Neuroscience, Osaka University Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Suita 565-0871 Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihiko Ogura
- Department of Neuroscience, Osaka University Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Suita 565-0871 Osaka, Japan
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19
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Tominaga-Yoshino K, Ogura A. [Toward unraveling cellular mechanisms of long-term memory: structural plasticity reproduced in vitro]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2013; 142:122-7. [PMID: 24025493 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.142.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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20
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VanGuilder Starkey HD, Sonntag WE, Freeman WM. Increased hippocampal NgR1 signaling machinery in aged rats with deficits of spatial cognition. Eur J Neurosci 2013; 37:1643-58. [PMID: 23438185 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.12165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Myelin-associated inhibitor/NgR1 signaling has important roles in modulation of synaptic plasticity, with demonstrated effects on cognitive function. We have previously demonstrated that NgR1 and its ligands are upregulated in the hippocampus of aged rats with impaired spatial learning and memory, but it is unknown whether increased expression of these proteins indicates a potential increase in pathway signaling because NgR1 requires co-receptors for signal transduction through RhoA. Two co-receptor complexes have been identified to date, comprised of NgR1 and LINGO-1, and either p75 or TROY. In this study, we assessed the expression of LINGO-1, p75 and TROY, and the downstream effector RhoA in mature adult (12 months) and aged (26 months) male Fischer 344/Brown Norway hybrid rats classified as cognitively impaired or cognitively intact by Morris water maze testing. The hippocampal distribution of NgR1 and its co-receptors was assessed to determine whether receptor/co-receptor interaction, and therefore signaling through this pathway, is possible. Protein expression of LINGO-1, p75, TROY and RhoA was significantly elevated in cognitively impaired, but not intact, aged rats compared with mature adults, and expression levels correlated significantly with water maze performance. Co-localization of NgR1 with LINGO-1, p75 and TROY was observed in hippocampal neurons of aged, cognitively impaired rats. Further, expression profiles of NgR1 pathway components were demonstrated to classify rats as cognitively intact or cognitively impaired with high accuracy. Together, this suggests that hippocampal induction of this pathway is a conserved phenomenon in cognitive decline that may impair learning and memory by suppressing neuronal plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather D VanGuilder Starkey
- Department of Pharmacology, R130 Hershey Center for Applied Research, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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21
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Duncan JR. Current perspectives on the neurobiology of drug addiction: a focus on genetics and factors regulating gene expression. ISRN NEUROLOGY 2012; 2012:972607. [PMID: 23097719 PMCID: PMC3477671 DOI: 10.5402/2012/972607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Drug addiction is a chronic, relapsing disorder defined by cyclic patterns of compulsive drug seeking and taking interspersed with episodes of abstinence. While genetic variability may increase the risk of addictive behaviours in an individual, exposure to a drug results in neuroadaptations in interconnected brain circuits which, in susceptible individuals, are believed to underlie the transition to, and maintenance of, an addicted state. These adaptations can occur at the cellular, molecular, or (epi)genetic level and are associated with synaptic plasticity and altered gene expression, the latter being mediated via both factors affecting translation (epigenetics) and transcription (non coding microRNAs) of the DNA or RNA itself. New advances using techniques such as optogenetics have the potential to increase our understanding of the microcircuitry mediating addictive behaviours. However, the processes leading to addiction are complex and multifactorial and thus we face a major contemporary challenge to elucidate the factors implicated in the development and maintenance of an addicted state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhodie R Duncan
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia ; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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22
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Langlois A, Diabira D, Ferrand N, Porcher C, Gaiarsa JL. NMDA-dependent switch of proBDNF actions on developing GABAergic synapses. Cereb Cortex 2012; 23:1085-96. [PMID: 22510533 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhs071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has emerged as an important messenger for activity-dependent development of neuronal network. Recent findings have suggested that a significant proportion of BDNF can be secreted as a precursor (proBDNF) and cleaved by extracellular proteases to yield the mature form. While the actions of proBDNF on maturation and plasticity of excitatory synapses have been studied, the effect of the precursor on developing GABAergic synapses remains largely unknown. Here, we show that regulated secretion of proBDNF exerts a bidirectional control of GABAergic synaptic activity with NMDA receptors driving the polarity of the plasticity. When NMDA receptors are activated during ongoing synaptic activity, regulated Ca(2+)-dependent secretion of proBDNF signals via p75(NTR) to depress GABAergic synaptic activity, while in the absence of NMDA receptors activation, secreted proBDNF induces a p75(NTR)-dependent potentiation of GABAergic synaptic activity. These results revealed a new function for proBDNF-p75(NTR) signaling in synaptic plasticity and a novel mechanism by which synaptic activity can modulate the development of GABAergic synaptic connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anais Langlois
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 901, Marseille 13009, France
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23
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Kurihara D, Yamashita T. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans down-regulate spine formation in cortical neurons by targeting tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) protein. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:13822-8. [PMID: 22389491 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.314070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are components of the extracellular matrix that inhibit axonal sprouting and experience-dependent plasticity. Although protein-tyrosine phosphatase σ (PTPσ) has been proven to be a receptor for CSPGs, its downstream signaling has remained a mystery. Here, we show that CSPGs target and dephosphorylate tropomyosin-related kinase B, the receptor of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), via PTPσ in embryonic cortical neurons in vitro. Whereas BDNF promoted dendritic spine formation in embryonic cortical neurons, CSPGs abolished the effects of BDNF and eliminated existing dendritic spines when BDNF was present. The latter effect was dependent on the p75 receptor, presumably because BDNF binding to the p75 receptor elicits elimination of dendritic spines. These results suggest that the inhibitory activity of CSPGs on dendritic spine formation operates through the targeting of neurotrophins at the receptor level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Kurihara
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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24
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Bradley CA, Peineau S, Taghibiglou C, Nicolas CS, Whitcomb DJ, Bortolotto ZA, Kaang BK, Cho K, Wang YT, Collingridge GL. A pivotal role of GSK-3 in synaptic plasticity. Front Mol Neurosci 2012; 5:13. [PMID: 22363262 PMCID: PMC3279748 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2012.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) has many cellular functions. Recent evidence suggests that it plays a key role in certain types of synaptic plasticity, in particular a form of long-term depression (LTD) that is induced by the synaptic activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs). In the present article we summarize what is currently known concerning the roles of GSK-3 in synaptic plasticity at both glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses. We summarize its role in cognition and speculate on how alterations in the synaptic functioning of GSK-3 may be a major factor in certain neurodegenerative disorders.
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25
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Duncan JR, Lawrence AJ. The role of metabotropic glutamate receptors in addiction: evidence from preclinical models. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2011; 100:811-24. [PMID: 21443897 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2011.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2010] [Revised: 02/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Addiction is a chronic disorder characterised by repeated bouts of drug taking, abstinence and relapse. The addicted state may be in part due to drug-induced neuroadaptations in the mesocorticolimbic and corticostriatal pathways. Recently focus has been on the role of aberrant glutamate transmission and its contribution to the hierarchical control over these systems. This review will expand our current knowledge of the most recent advances that have been made in preclinical animal models that provide evidence that implicate metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in contributing to the neuroadaptations pertinent to addiction, as well as the role of Homer proteins in regulating these responses. The recent discovery of receptor mosaics will be discussed which add an additional dimension to the complexity of understanding the mechanism of glutamate mediated behaviours. Finally this review introduces a new area related to glutamatergic responses, namely microRNAs, that may become pivotal in directing our future understanding of how to best target intervention strategies to prevent addictive behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhodie R Duncan
- Florey Neuroscience Institutes, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., 3010, Australia.
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