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Sattar MA, Lingens LF, Guillaume VGJ, Goetzl R, Beier JP, Ruhl T. Association between Donor Age and Osteogenic Potential of Human Adipose Stem Cells in Bone Tissue Engineering. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:1424-1436. [PMID: 38392210 PMCID: PMC10887920 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46020092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose stem cells (ASCs) have multilineage differentiation capacity and hold great potential for regenerative medicine. Compared to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (bmMSCs), ASCs are easier to isolate from abundant sources with significantly higher yields. It is generally accepted that bmMSCs show age-related changes in their proliferation and differentiation potentials, whereas this aspect is still controversial in the case of ASCs. In this review, we evaluated the existing data on the effect of donor age on the osteogenic potential of human ASCs. Overall, a poor agreement has been achieved because of inconsistent findings in the previous studies. Finally, we attempted to delineate the possible reasons behind the lack of agreements reported in the literature. ASCs represent a heterogeneous cell population, and the osteogenic potential of ASCs can be influenced by donor-related factors such as age, but also gender, lifestyle, and the underlying health and metabolic state of donors. Furthermore, future studies should consider experimental factors in in vitro conditions, including passaging, cryopreservation, culture conditions, variations in differentiation protocols, and readout methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdus Sattar
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery-Burn Center, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Lara F Lingens
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery-Burn Center, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Vincent G J Guillaume
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery-Burn Center, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Rebekka Goetzl
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery-Burn Center, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Justus P Beier
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery-Burn Center, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Tim Ruhl
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery-Burn Center, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Kakridonis F, Pneumatikos SG, Vakonaki E, Berdiaki A, Tzatzarakis MN, Fragkiadaki P, Spandidos DA, Baliou S, Ioannou P, Hatzidaki E, Nikitovic D, Tsatsakis A, Vasiliadis E. Telomere length as a predictive biomarker in osteoporosis (Review). Biomed Rep 2023; 19:87. [PMID: 37881605 PMCID: PMC10594068 DOI: 10.3892/br.2023.1669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are the ends of chromosomes that protect them from DNA damage. There is evidence to suggest that telomere shortening appears with advanced age. Since aging is a significant risk factor for developing age-related complications, it is plausible that telomere shortening may be involved in the development of osteoporosis. The present review summarizes the potential of telomere shortening as a biomarker for detecting the onset of osteoporosis. For the purposes of the present review, the following scientific databases were searched for relevant articles: PubMed/NCBI, Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews, Scopus, Embase and Google Scholar. The present review includes randomized and non-randomized controlled studies and case series involving humans, irrespective of the time of their publication. In six out of the 11 included studies providing data on humans, there was at least a weak association between telomere length and osteoporosis, with the remaining studies exhibiting no such association. As a result, telomere shortening may be used as a biomarker or as part of a panel of biomarkers for tracking the onset and progression of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fotios Kakridonis
- 5th Department of Orthopaedics, KAT Attica General Hospital, 14561 Athens, Greece
| | - Spyros G. Pneumatikos
- 3rd Department of Orthopaedics, KAT Attica General Hospital, 14561 Athens, Greece
- Department of Orthopaedics, Medical School, Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Elena Vakonaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Berdiaki
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Persefoni Fragkiadaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Stella Baliou
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Petros Ioannou
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Hatzidaki
- Department of Neonatology and NICU, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Elias Vasiliadis
- 3rd Department of Orthopaedics, KAT Attica General Hospital, 14561 Athens, Greece
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Campos Totoli GG, Bighetti-Trevisan RL, Freitas GP, Adolpho LF, Golçalves Almeida AL, Loyola Barbosa AC, Reis Ramos JI, Beloti MM, Rosa AL. Association of mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow and adipose tissue enhances bone repair in rat calvarial defects. Regen Med 2023; 18:377-387. [PMID: 37125511 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2022-0219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: We evaluated the bone repair induced by MSCs from adipose tissue (AT-MSCs) and bone marrow (BM-MSCs) injected into rat calvarial defects at two time points. Methods & results: Both cell populations expressed MSC surface markers and differentiated into adipocytes and osteoblasts. μCT showed that the combination of cells from distinct sources exhibited synergistic effects to increase bone repair with an advantage when BM-MSCs were injected prior to AT-MSCs. The higher osteogenic potential of these MSC combinations was demonstrated using an in vitro coculture system where BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs association induced higher ALP activity in MC3T3-E1 cells. Conclusion: Our findings may drive new approaches to treat bone defects and shed light on the complexity of the mechanisms involved in bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rayana Longo Bighetti-Trevisan
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | | | - Leticia Faustino Adolpho
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Carolina Loyola Barbosa
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Isadora Reis Ramos
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Marcio Mateus Beloti
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Luiz Rosa
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
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Effects of Modulation of the Hedgehog and Notch Signaling Pathways on Osteoblast Differentiation Induced by Titanium with Nanotopography. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14020079. [PMID: 36826878 PMCID: PMC9968096 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14020079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The events of bone formation and osteoblast/titanium (Ti) interactions may be affected by Hedgehog and Notch signalling pathways. Herein, we investigated the effects of modulation of these signalling pathways on osteoblast differentiation caused by the nanostructured Ti (Ti-Nano) generated by H2SO4/H2O2. METHODS Osteoblasts from newborn rat calvariae were cultured on Ti-Control and Ti-Nano in the presence of the Hedgehog agonist purmorphamine or antagonist cyclopamine and of the Notch antagonist N-(3,5-Difluorophenacetyl)-L-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester (DAPT) or agonist bexarotene. Osteoblast differentiation was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization, and the expression of Hedgehog and Notch receptors was also evaluated. RESULTS In general, purmorphamine and DAPT increased while cyclopamine and bexarotene decreased osteoblast differentiation and regulated the receptor expression on both Ti surfaces, with more prominent effects on Ti-Nano. The purmorphamine and DAPT combination exhibited synergistic effects on osteoblast differentiation that was more intense on Ti-Nano. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that the Hedgehog and Notch signalling pathways drive osteoblast/Ti interactions more intensely on nanotopography. We also demonstrated that combining Hedgehog activation with Notch inhibition exhibits synergistic effects on osteoblast differentiation, especially on Ti-Nano. The uncovering of these cellular mechanisms contributes to create strategies to control the process of osseointegration based on the development of nanostructured surfaces.
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Busch M, Brouwer H, Aalderink G, Bredeck G, Kämpfer AAM, Schins RPF, Bouwmeester H. Investigating nanoplastics toxicity using advanced stem cell-based intestinal and lung in vitro models. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:1112212. [PMID: 36777263 PMCID: PMC9911716 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1112212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Plastic particles in the nanometer range-called nanoplastics-are environmental contaminants with growing public health concern. As plastic particles are present in water, soil, air and food, human exposure via intestine and lung is unavoidable, but possible health effects are still to be elucidated. To better understand the Mode of Action of plastic particles, it is key to use experimental models that best reflect human physiology. Novel assessment methods like advanced cell models and several alternative approaches are currently used and developed in the scientific community. So far, the use of cancer cell line-based models is the standard approach regarding in vitro nanotoxicology. However, among the many advantages of the use of cancer cell lines, there are also disadvantages that might favor other approaches. In this review, we compare cell line-based models with stem cell-based in vitro models of the human intestine and lung. In the context of nanoplastics research, we highlight the advantages that come with the use of stem cells. Further, the specific challenges of testing nanoplastics in vitro are discussed. Although the use of stem cell-based models can be demanding, we conclude that, depending on the research question, stem cells in combination with advanced exposure strategies might be a more suitable approach than cancer cell lines when it comes to toxicological investigation of nanoplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Busch
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Hugo Brouwer
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Germaine Aalderink
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Gerrit Bredeck
- IUF—Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Roel P. F. Schins
- IUF—Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans Bouwmeester
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands,*Correspondence: Hans Bouwmeester,
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Adolpho LF, Lopes HB, Freitas GP, Weffort D, Campos Totoli GG, Loyola Barbosa AC, Freire Assis RI, Silverio Ruiz KG, Andia DC, Rosa AL, Beloti MM. Human periodontal ligament stem cells with distinct osteogenic potential induce bone formation in rat calvaria defects. Regen Med 2022; 17:341-353. [PMID: 35291805 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2021-0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the ability of human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) with high (HP-PDLSCs) and low (LP-PDLSCs) osteogenic potential, in addition to mixed cells, to repair bone tissue. Methods: Cell phenotype, proliferation and differentiation were evaluated. Undifferentiated PDLSCs were injected into rat calvarial defects and the new bone was evaluated by μCT, histology and real-time PCR. Results: PDLSCs exhibited a typical mesenchymal stem cell phenotype and HP-PDLSCs showed lower proliferative and higher osteogenic potential than LP-PDLSCs. PDLSCs induced similar bone formation and histological analysis suggests a remodeling process, confirmed by osteogenic and osteoclastogenic markers, especially in tissues derived from defects treated with HP-PDLSCs. Conclusion: PDLSCs induced similar bone formation irrespective of their in vitro osteogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Faustino Adolpho
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Helena Bacha Lopes
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Gileade Pereira Freitas
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Denise Weffort
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Guaraldo Campos Totoli
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Loyola Barbosa
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Rahyza Inacio Freire Assis
- Department of Prosthodontics & Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Av Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Karina Gonzales Silverio Ruiz
- Department of Prosthodontics & Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Av Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Denise Carleto Andia
- Health Science Institute, Dental Research Division, Paulista University, Dr Bacelar St, 1212, São Paulo, SP, 04026-002, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Luiz Rosa
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Marcio Mateus Beloti
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
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Hook MA, Falck A, Dundumulla R, Terminel M, Cunningham R, Sefiani A, Callaway K, Gaddy D, Geoffroy CG. Osteopenia in a Mouse Model of Spinal Cord Injury: Effects of Age, Sex and Motor Function. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11020189. [PMID: 35205056 PMCID: PMC8869334 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary In the first two years following spinal cord injury, people lose up to 50% of bone below the injury. This injury-induced bone loss significantly affects rehabilitation and leaves people vulnerable to fractures and post-fracture complications, including lung and urinary tract infections, blood clots in the veins, and depression. Unfortunately, little is known about the factors driving this bone loss. In fact, even though we know that injury, age, and sex independently increase bone loss, there have been no studies looking at the cumulative effects of these variables. People with spinal injury are aging, and the age at which injuries occur is increasing. It is essential to know whether these factors together will further compromise bone. To examine this, we assessed bone loss in young and old, male and female mice after spinal injury. As expected, we found that aging alone decreased motor activity and bone volume. Spinal injury also reduced bone volume, but it did not worsen the effects of age. Instead, injury effects appeared related to reduced rearing activity. The data suggest that although partial weight-bearing does not reduce bone loss after spinal cord injury, therapies that put full weight on the legs may be clinically effective. Abstract After spinal cord injury (SCI), 80% of individuals are diagnosed with osteopenia or osteoporosis. The dramatic loss of bone after SCI increases the potential for fractures 100-fold, with post-fracture complications occurring in 54% of cases. With the age of new SCI injuries increasing, we hypothesized that a SCI-induced reduction in weight bearing could further exacerbate age-induced bone loss. To test this, young (2–3 months) and old (20–30 months) male and female mice were given a moderate spinal contusion injury (T9–T10), and recovery was assessed for 28 days (BMS, rearing counts, distance traveled). Tibial trabecular bone volume was measured after 28 days with ex vivo microCT. While BMS scores did not differ across groups, older subjects travelled less in the open field and there was a decrease in rearing with age and SCI. As expected, aging decreased trabecular bone volume and cortical thickness in both old male and female mice. SCI alone also reduced trabecular bone volume in young mice, but did not have an additional effect beyond the age-dependent decrease in trabecular and cortical bone volume seen in both sexes. Interestingly, both rearing and total activity correlated with decreased bone volume. These data underscore the importance of load and use on bone mass. While partial weight-bearing does not stabilize/reverse bone loss in humans, our data suggest that therapies that simulate complete loading may be effective after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A. Hook
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (R.D.); (M.T.); (R.C.); (A.S.); (K.C.); (C.G.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-979-436-0568
| | - Alyssa Falck
- Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (A.F.); (D.G.)
| | - Ravali Dundumulla
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (R.D.); (M.T.); (R.C.); (A.S.); (K.C.); (C.G.G.)
| | - Mabel Terminel
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (R.D.); (M.T.); (R.C.); (A.S.); (K.C.); (C.G.G.)
| | - Rachel Cunningham
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (R.D.); (M.T.); (R.C.); (A.S.); (K.C.); (C.G.G.)
| | - Arthur Sefiani
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (R.D.); (M.T.); (R.C.); (A.S.); (K.C.); (C.G.G.)
| | - Kayla Callaway
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (R.D.); (M.T.); (R.C.); (A.S.); (K.C.); (C.G.G.)
| | - Dana Gaddy
- Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (A.F.); (D.G.)
| | - Cédric G. Geoffroy
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (R.D.); (M.T.); (R.C.); (A.S.); (K.C.); (C.G.G.)
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Mantripragada VP, Boehm C, Bova W, Briskin I, Piuzzi NS, Muschler GF. Patient Age and Cell Concentration Influence Prevalence and Concentration of Progenitors in Bone Marrow Aspirates: An Analysis of 436 Patients. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2021; 103:1628-1636. [PMID: 33844657 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.20.02055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Connective tissue progenitors (CTPs) resident in native tissues serve as biological building blocks in tissue repair and remodeling processes. Methods for analysis and reporting on CTP quantity and quality are essential for defining optimal cell sources and donor characteristics and the impact of cell processing methods for cell therapy applications. The present study examines the influence of donor characteristics and cell concentration (nucleated cells/mL) on CTP prevalence (CTPs/million nucleated cells) and CTP concentration (CTPs/mL) in bone marrow aspirates (BMAs). METHODS Iliac crest bone marrow was aspirated from 436 patients during elective total knee or hip arthroplasty. Bone marrow-derived nucleated cells were plated at a density of 1.19 × 105 cells/cm2. Colony-forming unit analysis was performed on day 6. RESULTS Large variation was seen between donors. Age (p < 0.05) and cell concentration (p < 0.001) significantly influenced CTP prevalence and CTP concentration. For every 1-year increase in age, the odds of having at least an average CTP prevalence and CTP concentration decreased by 1.5% and 1.6%, respectively. For every 1 million cells/mL increase in cell concentration, the odds of having at least an average CTP prevalence and CTP concentration increased by 2.2% and 7.9%, respectively. Sex, race, body mass index (BMI), and the presence of osteoporosis did not influence CTP prevalence or CTP concentration. CONCLUSIONS BMA-derived CTPs were obtained from all patient groups. CTP prevalence and CTP concentration decreased with age. Cell concentration decreased with age and positively correlated with total CTP prevalence and CTP concentration. The mean CTP concentration in patients >60 years of age was a third of the CTP concentration in patients <30 years of age. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Proper BMA techniques are necessary to obtain a high-quality yield and composition of cells and CTPs. The reduced CTP concentration and CTP prevalence in the elderly may be mitigated by the use of cell processing methods that increase CTP concentration and CTP prevalence (e.g., by removing red blood cells, serum, and non-CTPs or by increasing aspirate volumes). Cell concentration in the BMA can be measured at the point of care and is an appropriate initial assessment of the quality of BMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata P Mantripragada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute (V.P.M., C.B., W.B., and G.F.M), Department of Health Science (I.B.), and Department of Orthopedic Surgery (N.S.P. and G.F.M.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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Santos PHN, Silva HL, Martinez EF, Joly JC, Demasi APD, de Castro Raucci LMS, Teixeira LN. Low concentrations of caffeic acid phenethyl ester stimulate osteogenesis in vitro. Tissue Cell 2021; 73:101618. [PMID: 34391938 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on osteoblast-like cell cultures (SAOS-2). METHODS SAOS-2 were exposed to CAPE at 1 nM, 10 nM, 100 nM, 1 μM, and 10 μM. Non-exposed cultures were used as control. The following parameters were assayed: 1) cell viability at 1, 3, and 7 days; 2) alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity at 5 and 10 days; 3) matrix mineralization at 14 days; and 4) Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), ALP, osteopontin (SPP1), and osteocalcin (BGLAP) gene expression at 5 and 10 days. The data were analyzed by ANOVA two-way or Kruskal-Wallis (α = 5%). RESULTS At day 1, cell viability was similar among all groups (p > 0.05). At days 3 and 7, cultures exposed to CAPE at 10 μM exhibited a significant reduction in cell viability compared with the others groups (p < 0.05). At day 5, ALP activity was similar among all experimental groups; at day 10, however, the stain intensity was higher in cultures exposed to CAPE at 100 nM and 10 nM in comparison with the other groups (p < 0.05). At days 5 and 10, RUNX2, ALP, SPP1, and BGLAP gene expression was greater in cultures exposed to CAPE in comparison with the control (p < 0.05). At day 14, matrix mineralization was similar in cultures exposed to CAPE at 1 nM and 10 nM (p > 0.05), but superior to those ones observed in the other experimental groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION CAPE at low concentrations can positively module the osteogenesis in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hebert Lacerda Silva
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Swift, 13045-755, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Júlio César Joly
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Swift, 13045-755, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Dias Demasi
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Swift, 13045-755, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Lucas Novaes Teixeira
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Swift, 13045-755, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Muench LN, Berthold DP, Kia C, Otto A, Cote MP, McCarthy MB, Mazzocca AD, Mehl J. Nucleated Cell Count Has Negligible Predictive Value for the Number of Colony-Forming Units for Connective Tissue Progenitor Cells (Stem Cells) in Bone Marrow Aspirate Harvested From the Proximal Humerus During Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair. Arthroscopy 2021; 37:2043-2052. [PMID: 33581306 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2021.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate whether nucleated cell count (NCC) could serve as an approximation for the number of colony-forming units (CFUs) in concentrated bone marrow aspirate (cBMA) obtained from the proximal humerus. METHODS Bone marrow aspirate (BMA) was harvested from the proximal humerus in 96 patients (mean age 56.2 ± 7.0 years) during arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Following concentration of the aspirate, nucleated cells of each sample were counted. The total number of CFUs was evaluated under the microscope at their first appearance, usually after 5 to 10 days in culture. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis and assays for osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation were performed. Linear regression was assessed to predict the number of CFUs by using NCC. Age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) were evaluated as independent variables. RESULTS The average volume of the obtained BMA was 86.7 ± 35.2 mL. The cBMA contained a mean of 26.3 ± 6.8 × 106 nucleated cells per mL, which yielded a mean of 1421.7 ± 802.7 CFUs in cell culture. There were no significant differences in NCC or number of CFUs when sex, volume of BMA, age, or BMI was examined independently (P >.05, respectively). Linear regression found that NCC was of limited predictive value for the total number of CFUs being yielded after cell culture (r2 = 0.28 with a root mean square error of 679.4). CONCLUSION NCC was of negligible predictive value for the total number of CFUs for connective tissue progenitor cells in BMA harvested from the proximal humerus during arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. CLINICAL RELEVANCE NCC is often used to assess the quality of cBMA samples for biological augmentation during surgery. The limited predictive value of this measurement tool is of clinical importance, because effectiveness of BMA applications has been suggested to depend on the concentration of progenitor cells within the sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas N Muench
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A.; Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Technical University, Munich, Germany.
| | - Daniel P Berthold
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A.; Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Technical University, Munich, Germany
| | - Cameron Kia
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A
| | - Alexander Otto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A.; Department of Trauma, Orthopaedic, Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Mark P Cote
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A
| | - Mary Beth McCarthy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A
| | - Augustus D Mazzocca
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A
| | - Julian Mehl
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A.; Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Technical University, Munich, Germany
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12
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Goel D, Vohora D. Liver X receptors and skeleton: Current state-of-knowledge. Bone 2021; 144:115807. [PMID: 33333244 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The liver X receptors (LXR) is a nuclear receptor that acts as a prominent regulator of lipid homeostasis and inflammatory response. Its therapeutic effectiveness against various diseases like Alzheimer's disease and atherosclerosis has been investigated in detail. Emerging pieces of evidence now reveal that LXR is also a crucial modulator of bone remodeling. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the pharmacological actions of LXR on the skeleton and its role in osteoporosis are poorly understood. Therefore, in the current review, we highlight LXR and its actions through different molecular pathways modulating skeletal homeostasis. The studies described in this review propound that LXR in association with estrogen, PTH, PPARγ, RXR hedgehog, and canonical Wnt signaling regulates osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. It regulates RANKL-induced expression of c-Fos, NFATc1, and NF-κB involved in osteoclast differentiation. Additionally, several studies suggest suppression of RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation by synthetic LXR ligands. Given the significance of modulation of LXR in various physiological and pathological settings, our findings indicate that therapeutic targeting of LXR might potentially prevent or treat osteoporosis and improve bone quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Goel
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Divya Vohora
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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13
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Sreeja S, Parameshwar R, Varma PRH, Sailaja GS. Hierarchically Porous Osteoinductive Poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate- co-methyl methacrylate) Scaffold with Sustained Doxorubicin Delivery for Consolidated Osteosarcoma Treatment and Bone Defect Repair. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:701-717. [PMID: 33395260 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A bifronted cure system for osteosarcoma, a common aggressive bone tumor, is highly in demand to prevail the postsurgical adversities in connection with systemic chemotherapy and repair of critical-size bone defects. The hierarchically porous therapeutic scaffolds presented here are synthesized by free radical-initiated copolymerization of hydroxyethyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate [HEMA/MMA 80:20 and 90:10 mM, H2O/NaCl porogen], which are further surface-phosphorylated [P-PHM] and transformed to bifunctional by impregnating doxorubicin (DOX) [DOXP-PHM]. The P-PHM scaffolds exhibited porous microarchitecture analogous to native cancellous bone (scanning electron microscopy analysis), while X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis authenticated surface phosphorylation. Based on pore characteristics, swelling attributes and slow-pace degradation, P-PHM9163 and P-PHM8263 (HEMA/MMA 90:10 and 80:20 with H2O/NaCl: 60/3.0 weight %, respectively) were chosen from the series and evaluated for osteoinductive efficacy in vitro. Both P-PHM9163 and P-PHM8263 invoked calcium phosphate mineralization in simulated physiological conditions (day 14) with Ca/P ratios of 1.58 and 1.66 respectively, comparable to human bone (1.67). Early biomineralization (Alizarin Red S and von Kossa staining) was evidenced at day 7, while osteoblast differentiation was verified by time-dependent expression of the typical late marker, osteocalcin, at day 14 and 21 in rat bone marrow mesenchymal cells. DOX-loaded P-PHM9163 (DOXP-PHM9163) exhibited pH-responsive (tumor analogous pH; 6.5) sustained release of DOX for prolonged time (up to 45 days) and invoked cellular alterations by cortical stress fiber formation and DNA fragmentation in human osteosarcoma cells leading to early apoptosis (24 h), validated by annexin V/PI staining (FACS) and immunostaining (F-actin/DAPI). Subsequent to DOX release tenure, the scaffold induced the formation of well-organized, porous post-release Ca-P apatite coating (Ca/P is 1.3) in simulated body fluid (day 14) which further endorses the dual functionality of the system. Altogether, the results accentuate that DOXP-PHM9163 is a potential bifunctional therapeutic scaffold capable of extended localized chemotherapeutic delivery in-line with inherent osteogenesis for efficient bone cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sreeja
- Department of Polymer Science and Rubber Technology, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala 682 022, India
| | - Ramesh Parameshwar
- Division of Polymeric Medical Devices, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 011, India
| | - P R Harikrishna Varma
- Head of Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 011, India
| | - G S Sailaja
- Department of Polymer Science and Rubber Technology, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala 682 022, India.,Inter University Centre for Nanomaterials and Devices (IUCND), Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala 682 022, India.,Centre for Excellence in Advanced Materials, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala 682 022, India
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14
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Padalhin A, Ventura R, Kim B, Sultana T, Park CM, Lee BT. Boosting osteogenic potential and bone regeneration by co-cultured cell derived extracellular matrix incorporated porous electrospun scaffold. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2021; 32:779-798. [PMID: 33375905 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2020.1869879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Implants for bone regeneration to remedy segmental bone defects, osteomyelitis, necrotic bone tissue and non-union fractures have worldwide appeal. Although biomaterials offer most of the advantages by improving tissue growth but developments are more commonly achieved via biologically derived molecules. To aid site specific bone tissue regeneration by synthetic scaffold, cell derived extracellular matrix (ECM) can be a crucial component. In this study, co-cultured bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell and osteoblastic cells derived ECM incorporated electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) membranes were assessed for bone tissue engineering application. The preliminary experimental details indicated that, co-culture of cells supported enhanced in vitro ECM synthesis followed by successful deposition of osteoblastic ECM into electrospun membranes. The acellular samples revealed retention of ECM related biomacromolecules (collagen, glycosaminoglycan) and partial recovery of pores after decellularization. In vitro biocompatibility tests ensured improvement of proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells in decellularized ECM containing membrane (PCL-ECM) compared to bare membrane (PCL-B) which was further confirmed by osteogenic marker proteins expression analysis. The decellularized PCL-ECM membrane allowed great improvement of bone regeneration over the bare membrane (PCL-B) in 8 mm size critical sized rat skull defects at 2 months of post implantation. In short, the outcome of this study could be impactful in development and application of cell derived ECM based synthetic electrospun templates for bone tissue engineering application.[Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Padalhin
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Reiza Ventura
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Boram Kim
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Tamanna Sultana
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Tissue Regeneration, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Mi Park
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong-Taek Lee
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Tissue Regeneration, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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15
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Busato A, De Francesco F, Biswas R, Mannucci S, Conti G, Fracasso G, Conti A, Riccio V, Riccio M, Sbarbati A. Simple and Rapid Non-Enzymatic Procedure Allows the Isolation of Structurally Preserved Connective Tissue Micro-Fragments Enriched with SVF. Cells 2020; 10:cells10010036. [PMID: 33383682 PMCID: PMC7824313 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) consists of a heterogeneous population of stem and stromal cells, generally obtained from adipose tissue by enzymatic digestion. For human cell-based therapies, mechanical process methods to obtain SVF represent an advantageous approach because they have fewer regulatory restrictions for their clinical use. The aim of this study was to characterize a novel commercial system for obtaining SVF from adipose tissue by a mechanical approach without substantial manipulations. Lipoaspirate samples collected from 27 informed patients were processed by a simple and fast mechanical system (by means of Hy-Tissue SVF). The Hy-Tissue SVF product contained a free cell fraction and micro-fragments of stromal connective tissue. The enzymatic digestion of the micro-fragments increased the yield of free cells (3.2 times) and CFU-F (2.4 times). Additionally, 10% of free cells from SVF were positive for CD34+, suggesting the presence of endothelial cells, pericytes, and potential adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC). Moreover, the SVF cells were able to proliferate and differentiate in vitro toward adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. The immunophenotypic analysis of expanded cells showed positivity for typical mesenchymal stem cell markers. The Hy-Tissue SVF system allows the isolation of stromal vascular fraction, making this product of potential interest in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Busato
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, 37135 Verona, Italy; (A.B.); (R.B.); (S.M.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Francesco De Francesco
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery, AOU “Ospedali Riuniti”, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (F.D.F.); (M.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-071-596-3945
| | - Reetuparna Biswas
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, 37135 Verona, Italy; (A.B.); (R.B.); (S.M.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Silvia Mannucci
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, 37135 Verona, Italy; (A.B.); (R.B.); (S.M.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Giamaica Conti
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, 37135 Verona, Italy; (A.B.); (R.B.); (S.M.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Giulio Fracasso
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, 37135 Verona, Italy;
| | - Anita Conti
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, 37135 Verona, Italy; (A.B.); (R.B.); (S.M.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Valentina Riccio
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy;
| | - Michele Riccio
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery, AOU “Ospedali Riuniti”, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (F.D.F.); (M.R.)
- Research and Training Center in Regenerative Surgery, Accademia del Lipofilling, 61025 Montelabbate, Italy
| | - Andrea Sbarbati
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, 37135 Verona, Italy; (A.B.); (R.B.); (S.M.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
- Research and Training Center in Regenerative Surgery, Accademia del Lipofilling, 61025 Montelabbate, Italy
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Tomar NR, Bhat IA, Bharti MK, John JK, Sharma V, Chandra V, Sharma GT, Saikumar G. Isolation and propagation of classical swine fever virus in porcine Wharton's Jelly mesenchymal stem cells. Anim Biotechnol 2020; 33:629-637. [PMID: 32885744 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2020.1813151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Classical Swine Fever (CSF) is an extremely infectious and deadly disease of pigs and wild boars caused by the CSF virus (CSFV) which is a member of the Pestivirus genus and the family Flaviviridae. This study was designed to detect the permissibility and replication of CSFV in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) monolayer derived from Porcine Wharton's jelly. Porcine Wharton's jelly MSCs (pWJ-MSCs) were ex vivo expanded and propagated for more than 81 generations and third passage pWJ-MSCs were characterized as per standard criteria i.e., growth characteristics, trilineage differentiation potential and molecular characterization for pluripotency and stem cell surface markers. Porcine WJ tissue samples found negative for CSFV by RT-PCR test were processed further for the isolation of pWJ-MSCs and CSFV was propagated over the characterized pWJ-MSCs monolayer. No cytopathic effect was observed, which was consistent with non-cytopathic nature of CSFV. The replication of CSFV in pWJ-MSCs was affirmed by RT-PCR and demonstration of viral antigen in the cytoplasm of virus infected cells by immuno-staining technique. In total, three different CSFV isolates were propagated in pWJ-MSCs. Primary pWJ-MSCs permitted CSFV replication to good titer. To the best of our information, this is the first ever report of isolation of CSFV in pWJ-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelam R Tomar
- Division of Veterinary Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Irfan A Bhat
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Mukesh K Bharti
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Rajiv Gandhi South Campus Banaras Hindu University, Barkachha, Mirzapur, India
| | - Jeny K John
- Division of Veterinary Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Veena Sharma
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Jaipur, India
| | - Vikash Chandra
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - G Taru Sharma
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - G Saikumar
- Division of Veterinary Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
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Clinical Variables that Influence Properties of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40883-019-00123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Fortier LA, Goodrich LR, Ribitsch I, Schnabel LV, Shepard DO, Van de Walle GR, Watts AE, Whealands Smith RK. One health in regenerative medicine: report on the second Havemeyer symposium on regenerative medicine in horses. Regen Med 2020; 15:1775-1787. [PMID: 32808582 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2019-0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is commonly used in human and equine athletes. Potential therapies include culture expanded stem cells, stromal vascular fraction of adipose tissue, platelet-rich plasma, bone marrow concentrate, or autologous conditioned serum. The purpose of this manuscript is to disseminate findings from a workshop on the development of translational regenerative medicine in the equine field. Five themes emerged: stem cell characterization and tenogenic differentiation; interactions between mesenchymal stem cells, other cells and the environment; scaffolds and cell packaging; blood- and bone marrow-based regenerative medicines; clinical use of regenerative therapies. Evidence gained through the use of regenerative medicine applications in the horse should continue to translate to the human patient, bringing novel regenerative therapies to both humans and horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Ann Fortier
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14543, USA
| | - Laurie Ruth Goodrich
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Iris Ribitsch
- Veterinary Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine lab, Vienna Veterinary School, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | - Roger Kenneth Whealands Smith
- Department of Clinical Sciences & Services, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Herts. AL9 7TA, UK
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Ko DS, Kim YH, Goh TS, Lee JS. Altered physiology of mesenchymal stem cells in the pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8:2102-2110. [PMID: 32548139 PMCID: PMC7281031 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i11.2102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is the most common spinal deformity during puberty, especially in females. It is characterized by aberrant skeletal growth and generalized reduced bone density, which is associated with impaired bone mineral metabolism. Despite recent progress in multidisciplinary research to support various hypotheses, the pathogenesis of Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is still not clearly understood. One of the hypothesis is to study the role of mesenchymal stem cells due to its involvement in the above-mentioned bone metabolic abnormalities. In this review, we will summarize reported literatures on the role of mesenchymal stem cells, particularly in the pathogenesis of Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. In addition, we will describe the research on mesenchymal stem cells of Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis performed using bioinformatics tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Sik Ko
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheoz 21565, South Korea
| | - Yun Hak Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, South Korea
| | - Tae Sik Goh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, South Korea
| | - Jung Sub Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, South Korea
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Zhou X, Shi X, Wang J, Zhang X, Xu Y, Liu Y, Li X, Yang G. miR-324-5p promotes adipocyte differentiation and lipid droplet accumulation by targeting Krueppel-like factor 3 (KLF3). J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:7484-7495. [PMID: 32385917 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
miRNAs, a kind of noncoding small RNA, play a significant role in adipose differentiation. In this study, we explored the effect of miR-324-5p in adipose differentiation, and found that miR-324-5p could promote adipocytes differentiation and increase body weight in mice. We overexpressed miR-324-5p during adipocytes differentiation, by oil red O and bodipy staining found that lipid accumulation was increased, and the expression level of adipogenic related genes were significantly increased. And the opposite experimental results were obtained after inhibiting miR-324-5p. In vivo, we injected miR-324-5p agomiR in obese mice and found that body weight, adipocyte area, and adipogenic-related gene expression level were significantly increased but lipolytic genes were decreased. To further explore the mechanism of miR-324-5p regulation in lipid accumulation, we constructed Krueppel-like factor 3 (KLF3) 3'-untranslated region luciferase reporter vector and KLF3 pcDNA 3.1 overexpression vector, and found that miR-324-5p was able to directly target KLF3. Overall, in this study we found that miR-324-5p could promote mice preadipoytes differentiation and increase mice fat accumulation by targeting KLF3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin'e Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanting Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yihao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gongshe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Mantripragada VP, Bova WA, Piuzzi NS, Boehm C, Obuchowski NA, Midura RJ, Muschler GF. Native-Osteoarthritic Joint Resident Stem and Progenitor Cells for Cartilage Cell-Based Therapies: A Quantitative Comparison With Respect to Concentration and Biological Performance. Am J Sports Med 2019; 47:3521-3530. [PMID: 31671273 DOI: 10.1177/0363546519880905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell-based therapy for cartilage repair is a promising approach and is becoming an established technique. Yet, there is no consensus on the optimal cell source. PURPOSE To provide a donor-matched quantitative comparison of the connective tissue progenitors (CTPs) derived from cartilage (Outerbridge grade 1-3 [G1-2-3]), bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMC), infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP), synovium, and periosteum with respect to (1) cell concentration ([Cell], cells/mL), (2) CTP prevalence (PCTP, colonies per million cells), and (3) biological performance based on in vitro proliferation potential (cells per colony) colony density, and differentiation potential (expression of negatively charged extracellular matrix: glycosaminoglycan-rich extra cellular matrix [GAG-ECM]). STUDY DESIGN Descriptive laboratory study. METHODS Tissues were obtained from 10 patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (mean age, 59 years; women, n = 6). Automated quantitative colony-forming unit analysis was used to compare [Cell], PCTP, and CTP biological performance across tissue sources. RESULTS [Cell] was highest in grade 3 cartilage (P = .002) and BMC (P = .001). Median PCTP was highest in IPFP (P = .001), synovium (P = .003), and G1-2 cartilage (P = .02). Proliferation was highest in synovium-derived CTPs (P < .001). Median colony density was highest in G1-2-3 (P < .001). Median GAG-ECM was highest in G1-2-3 (P < .001). Within each patient, CTPs derived from all tissues were highly heterogeneous in biological performance as determined by cells per colony, density, and GAG-ECM. CONCLUSION Tissue sources differ in [Cell], PCTP, and biological attributes. The data presented in this study suggest that cartilage (G1-2-3) is the preferred tissue source for cartilage repair based on PCTP and GAG-ECM, followed by synovium, IPFP, BMC, and periosteum. However, due to the heterogeneous mixture of CTPs within each tissue source, there exists a subset of CTPs with biological performance similar to G1-2-3 cartilage, particularly in synovium and IPFP. Performance-based clonal selection and expansion of preferred CTPs and their progeny will potentially lead to improved cell population with predictive future. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Optimal tissue regeneration strategies will require informed decisions regarding which of the available tissue sources to use. Optimizing cell sourcing in any tissue may require separation of CTPs with preferred attributes from those with less desirable attributes. The heterogeneity manifest in the early stage of colony formation represents an opportunity for performance-based clone selection for clinical cell processing and manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata P Mantripragada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Wes A Bova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Nicolas S Piuzzi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Cynthia Boehm
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Nancy A Obuchowski
- Department of Quantitative Health Science, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ronald J Midura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - George F Muschler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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22
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Qasim M, Chae DS, Lee NY. Bioengineering strategies for bone and cartilage tissue regeneration using growth factors and stem cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 108:394-411. [PMID: 31618509 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bone and cartilage tissue engineering is an integrative approach that is inspired by the phenomena associated with wound healing. In this respect, growth factors have emerged as important moieties for the control and regulation of this process. Growth factors act as mediators and control the important physiological functions of bone regeneration. Herein, we discuss the importance of growth factors in bone and cartilage tissue engineering, their loading and delivery strategies, release kinetics, and their integration with biomaterials and stem cells to heal bone fractures. We also highlighted the role of growth factors in the determination of the bone tissue microenvironment based on the reciprocal signaling with cells and biomaterial scaffolds on which future bone and cartilage tissue engineering technologies and medical devices will be based upon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Qasim
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Sik Chae
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nae Yoon Lee
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
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23
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Piuzzi NS, Mantripragada VP, Kwee E, Sumski A, Selvam S, Boehm C, Muschler GF. Bone Marrow-Derived Cellular Therapies in Orthopaedics: Part II: Recommendations for Reporting the Quality of Bone Marrow-Derived Cell Populations. JBJS Rev 2019; 6:e5. [PMID: 30461436 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.rvw.18.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas S Piuzzi
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering (N.S.P., V.P.M., E.K., A.S., S.S., C.B., and G.F.M.) and Orthopaedic Surgery (N.S.P. and G.F.M.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Venkata P Mantripragada
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering (N.S.P., V.P.M., E.K., A.S., S.S., C.B., and G.F.M.) and Orthopaedic Surgery (N.S.P. and G.F.M.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Edward Kwee
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering (N.S.P., V.P.M., E.K., A.S., S.S., C.B., and G.F.M.) and Orthopaedic Surgery (N.S.P. and G.F.M.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Alan Sumski
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering (N.S.P., V.P.M., E.K., A.S., S.S., C.B., and G.F.M.) and Orthopaedic Surgery (N.S.P. and G.F.M.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Selvaanish Selvam
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering (N.S.P., V.P.M., E.K., A.S., S.S., C.B., and G.F.M.) and Orthopaedic Surgery (N.S.P. and G.F.M.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Cynthia Boehm
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering (N.S.P., V.P.M., E.K., A.S., S.S., C.B., and G.F.M.) and Orthopaedic Surgery (N.S.P. and G.F.M.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - George F Muschler
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering (N.S.P., V.P.M., E.K., A.S., S.S., C.B., and G.F.M.) and Orthopaedic Surgery (N.S.P. and G.F.M.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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24
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Arnhold S, Elashry MI, Klymiuk MC, Geburek F. Investigation of stemness and multipotency of equine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) from different fat sources in comparison with lipoma. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:309. [PMID: 31640774 PMCID: PMC6805636 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1429-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) offer a promising cell source for therapeutic applications in musculoskeletal disorders. The appropriate selection of ASCs from various fat depots for cell-based therapy is challenging. The present study aims to compare stemness and multipotency of ASCs derived from retroperitoneal (RP), subcutaneous (SC), and lipoma (LP) fat to assess their usefulness for clinical application. METHODS Equine ASCs from the three fat tissue sources were isolated and characterized. The cell viability, proliferation, and self-renewal were evaluated using MTT, sulforhodamine B, and colony forming unit (CFU) assays. Stem cell relative marker CD44, CD90, and CD105 and tumor marker CA9 and osteopontin (OPN) expression were quantified using RT-qPCR. Multipotency of ASCs for adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation was examined by quantifying Oil Red O and Alizarin Red S staining, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), and expression of differentiation relative markers. All data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA. RESULTS RP fat-derived ASCs showed a higher cell proliferation rate compared to SC and LP derived cells. In contrast, ASCs from lipoma displayed a lower proliferation rate and impaired CFU capacities. The expression of CD44, CD90, and CD105 was upregulated in RP and SC derived cells but not in LP cells. RP fat-derived cells displayed a higher adipogenic potential compared to SC and LP cells. Although ASCs from all fat sources showed enhanced ALP activity following osteogenic differentiation, SC fat-derived cells revealed upregulated ALP and bone morphogenetic protein-2 expression together with a higher calcium deposition. We found an enhanced chondrogenic potency of RP and SC fat-derived cells as shown by Alcian blue staining and upregulation of aggrecan (Aggre), cartilage oligomeric matrix protein precursor (COMP), and collagen 2a1 (Col2a1) expression compared to LP. The expression of OPN and CA9 was exclusively upregulated in the ASCs of LP. CONCLUSIONS The results provide evidence of variation in ASC performance not only between normal fat depots but also compared to LP cells which suggest a different molecular regulation controlling the cell fate. These data provided are useful when considering a source for cell replacement therapy in equine veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Arnhold
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 98, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Mohamed I. Elashry
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 98, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, 35516 Egypt
| | - Michele C. Klymiuk
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 98, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Florian Geburek
- Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
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25
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The Influence of Aspiration Volume on the Number of Osteoblastic Progenitors Obtained From Bone Marrow in Children. J Pediatr Orthop 2019; 39:382-386. [PMID: 31305383 DOI: 10.1097/bpo.0000000000000949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autologous bone marrow aspirates are utilized to treat various conditions in children. The biological value of bone marrow aspirate depends on the concentration of competent osteoblastic progenitors present in the aspirate. It has been shown in adults that increasing bone marrow aspiration volume beyond 2 mL decreases the concentration of osteoblast progenitor cells because of dilution of the sample with peripheral blood. The effect of varying bone marrow aspiration volumes on the osteoblast cell content has not been determined in children. METHODS In total, 21 children (3 male and 18 female patients, age range 8 mo to 14 y) scheduled for pelvic osteotomy were included in the study. Three separate bone marrow aspirates of 1, 5, and 10 mL were obtained from the anterior superior iliac crest. Total number of nucleated cells was counted per aspirate and the prevalence of alkaline phosphatase-positive colony-forming units was determined per million nucleated cells. RESULTS We measured a significant, proportional increase in the total number of nucleated bone marrow precursor cells between the 1 and 5 mL samples (mean±SD, 27±13 and 152±78 million nucleated cells, respectively; P<0.0001). When the aspiration volume doubled from 5 to 10 mL the total number of nucleated cells was 178±76 million (P=0.17). A proportional increase from 2214 alkaline phosphatase-positive colony-forming units in the 1 mL sample to 14,100 alkaline phosphatase-positive colony-forming units in the 5 mL sample was observed. However, the number of colony-forming units per aspirate decreased to 11,880 in the 10 mL sample. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that in children aspiration up to 5 mL bone marrow from the iliac crest yields a proportional increase in osteoblastic progenitor cells per aspirate. Increasing the aspiration volume beyond 5 mL results in hemodilution, rather than further selection of osteoblastic material. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These data provide clinicians with a guideline for optimizing aspiration volume of bone marrow in children. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II-development of diagnostic criteria on basis of consecutive patients.
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26
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Liu MZ, Zhou DC, Liu Q, Xie FL, Xiang DX, Tang GY, Luo SL. Osteogenesis activity of isocoumarin a through the activation of the PI3K-Akt/Erk cascade-activated BMP/RUNX2 signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 858:172480. [PMID: 31228453 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bone formation refers to a series of complex events related to the activities of osteoblasts. In this study, we evaluated the osteogenesis activity of a natural compound named isocoumarin A that was isolated from the rhizomes of Polygonum amplexicaule on the non-transformed preosteoblastic cell line MC3T3-E1 for an in vitro study, and the results revealed that it increased the proliferation and promoted the mineralization of the extracellular matrix of MC3T3-E1 cells after treatment for 3 d in a dose-dependent manner. The cell metabolic activity peaked at 169% at 10 μM, and the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) tripled to 15.94 U/mg compared with the control group. The protein levels of morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), ALP, and the mRNA levels of ALP, type I collagen (COL-1), and osteocalcin (OCN) were also upregulated after isocoumarin A administration. The mechanism investigation revealed that these effects were associated with the activation of the p-Akt/p-Erk1/2-activated BMP/RUNX2 signaling pathway. Subsequently, the in vivo investigation on the zebrafish embryos model demonstrated that isocoumarin A (0.30 mM) increased the number of vertebrae (5.38 ± 2.07 pcs) and the vertebral area (433.25 ± 111.77 μm2) in the development process of zebrafish embryos after a 7-day postfertilization (dpf) culture compared with the control group (2.50 ± 1.16 pcs and 209.75 ± 86.40 μm2). Together, these results indicated that isocoumarin A could be viewed as a promising candidate in early drug discovery and development to promote the healing of fractures and postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Zhen Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, PR China
| | - Dong-Chu Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, PR China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Yiyang Central Hospital, Yiyang, 41300, PR China
| | - Fu-Li Xie
- School of Medical Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dong Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, 418000, PR China
| | - Da-Xiong Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, PR China
| | - Gen-Yun Tang
- School of Medical Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dong Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, 418000, PR China
| | - Shi-Lin Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, PR China.
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27
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Wang X, Chu W, Zhuang Y, Shi D, Tao H, Jin C, Dai K, Zhao J, Gan Y. Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Enriched β-Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffold Processed by the Screen-Enrich-Combine Circulating System Promotes Regeneration of Diaphyseal Bone Non-Union. Cell Transplant 2018; 28:212-223. [PMID: 30554525 PMCID: PMC6362520 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718818096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone non-union after fracture, considered a therapeutic challenge for orthopedics, always needs a reversion surgery, including autograft transplantation (AGT). However, adverse events related to autograft harvest cannot be ignored. Our group designed a novel system called the bone marrow stem cell Screen-Enrich-Combine Circulating System (SECCS) by seeding mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) during surgery to thereafter rapidly process bioactive bone implantation. In this retrospective case-control study, 30 non-union patients who accepted SECCS therapy and 20 non-union patients who accepted AGT were enrolled. By SECCS therapy, the MSC-enriched β-TCP particles were implanted into the non-union gap. During the enrichment procedure, a significant proportion of MSCs were screened and enriched from bone marrow into porous β-TCP particles, and the cells possessed the capacity for three-line differentiation and were CD90+/CD105+/CD34-/CD45-. Approximately 82.0±10.7% of MSCs were enriched from 60 mL bone marrow without damaging cell viability, and approximately 11,444.0±6,018 MSCs were transplanted per patient. No implant-related infections occurred in any case. After 9 months of follow-up, 27 patients (90%) in the SECCS group acquired clinical union, compared with 18 patients (90%) in the AGT group (clinical union time, P = 0.064), and postoperative radiographic union score at 9 months post-operation was similar between the two groups. In conclusion, the SECCS could concentrate a large proportion of MSCs from bone marrow to acquire enough effective cells for therapy without in vitro cell culture. Bone substitutes processed by SECCS demonstrated encouraging promotion of bone regeneration and showed a satisfactory clinical curative effect for diaphyseal bone non-union, which was non-inferior to AGT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- 1 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shang Hai, P.R. China.,2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Both these authors contributed equally to this work as co-first authors
| | - WenXiang Chu
- 1 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shang Hai, P.R. China.,2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Both these authors contributed equally to this work as co-first authors
| | - YiFu Zhuang
- 1 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shang Hai, P.R. China.,2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - DingWei Shi
- 1 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shang Hai, P.R. China.,2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - HaiRong Tao
- 1 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shang Hai, P.R. China.,2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Chen Jin
- 1 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shang Hai, P.R. China.,2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - KeRong Dai
- 1 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shang Hai, P.R. China.,2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhao
- 1 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shang Hai, P.R. China.,2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - YaoKai Gan
- 1 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shang Hai, P.R. China.,2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
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28
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Arnhold S, Elashry MI, Klymiuk MC, Wenisch S. Biological macromolecules and mesenchymal stem cells: Basic research for regenerative therapies in veterinary medicine. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 123:889-899. [PMID: 30452985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Arnhold
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy-, Histology and -Embryology, University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Mohamed I Elashry
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy-, Histology and -Embryology, University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Michele C Klymiuk
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy-, Histology and -Embryology, University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Sabine Wenisch
- Clinic of Small Animals, c/o Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen 35392, Giessen, Germany
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29
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Piuzzi NS, Mantripragada VP, Sumski A, Selvam S, Boehm C, Muschler GF. Bone Marrow-Derived Cellular Therapies in Orthopaedics. JBJS Rev 2018; 6:e4. [DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.rvw.18.00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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30
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Ma J, Piuzzi NS, Muschler GF, Iannotti JP, Ricchetti ET, Derwin KA. Biomarkers of Rotator Cuff Disease Severity and Repair Healing. JBJS Rev 2018; 6:e9. [DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.rvw.17.00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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31
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Prall WC, Saller MM, Scheumaier A, Tucholski T, Taha S, Böcker W, Polzer H. Proliferative and osteogenic differentiation capacity of mesenchymal stromal cells: Influence of harvesting site and donor age. Injury 2018; 49:1504-1512. [PMID: 29941285 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2018.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) are the cellular source of new bone formation and an essential component of autologous bone grafts. Autologous bone graft harvesting is routinely conducted at the iliac crest, although alternative donor sites with lower complication rates are available. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare hMSCs harvested from the iliac crest and the proximal tibia regarding their proliferative and osteogenic differentiation capacity. Furthermore, we investigated the influence of donor age on these biological properties. HMSCs were isolated from iliac crest or proximal tibia bone grafts of 46 patients. Proliferative capacity was assessed by cumulative population doublings, population doubling time, colony forming units and cell proliferation assays. Osteogenic capacity was assessed by quantification of extracellular calcium deposition and marker gene expression levels. The number of hMSCs per gram harvested tissue was determined. Furthermore, the adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation capacity were quantified using BODIPY and Safranin Orange staining, respectively. Additional analyses were carried out after grouping young (18-49 years) and aged (≥50 years) donors. HMSCs derived from the proximal tibia featured a comparable proliferative and osteogenic differentiation capacity. No significant differences were found for any analysis conducted, when compared to hMSCs obtained from the iliac crest. Furthermore, no significant differences could be revealed when comparing young and aged donors. This was equally true for hMSCs from both donor sites after comparison within the same age group. Our study demonstrates comparable biological properties of hMSCs derived from both donor sites, the iliac crest and the proximal tibia. Furthermore, aging does not alter proliferative and osteogenic differentiation capacity. Consequently, the proximal tibia should be considered more closely as an alternative donor site in patients of all age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolf Christian Prall
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Nussbaumstr. 20, 80336 Munich, Germany; Paracelsus Medical University (PMU) Salzburg, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Maximilian Michael Saller
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Nussbaumstr. 20, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Scheumaier
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Nussbaumstr. 20, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Timo Tucholski
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Nussbaumstr. 20, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Sara Taha
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Nussbaumstr. 20, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Böcker
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Nussbaumstr. 20, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Hans Polzer
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Nussbaumstr. 20, 80336 Munich, Germany.
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32
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Zhang Y, Husch JFA, van den Beucken JJJP. Intraoperative Construct Preparation: A Practical Route for Cell-Based Bone Regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2018; 24:403-417. [PMID: 29631489 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2018.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell-based bone tissue engineering based on the combination of a scaffold and expanded autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represents the current state-of-the-art treatment for bone defects and fractures. However, the procedure of such construct preparation requires extensive ex vivo manipulation of patient's cells to achieve enough stem cells. Therefore, it is impractical and not cost-effective compared to other therapeutic interventions. For these reasons, a more practical strategy circumventing any ex vivo manipulation and an additional surgery for the patient would be advantageous. Intraoperative concept-based bone tissue engineering, where constructs are prepared with easily accessible autologous cells within the same surgical procedure, allows for such a simplification. In this study, we discuss the concept of intraoperative construct preparation for bone tissue engineering and summarize the available cellular options for intraoperative preparation. Furthermore, we propose methods to prepare intraoperative constructs, and review data of currently available preclinical and clinical studies using intraoperatively prepared constructs for bone regenerative applications. We identify several obstacles hampering the application of this emerging approach and highlight perspectives of technological innovations to advance the future developments of intraoperative construct preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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33
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Qadan MA, Piuzzi NS, Boehm C, Bova W, Moos M, Midura RJ, Hascall VC, Malcuit C, Muschler GF. Variation in primary and culture-expanded cells derived from connective tissue progenitors in human bone marrow space, bone trabecular surface and adipose tissue. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:343-360. [PMID: 29396254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Connective tissue progenitors (CTPs) embody the heterogeneous stem and progenitor cell populations present in native tissue. CTPs are essential to the formation and remodeling of connective tissue and represent key targets for tissue-engineering and cell-based therapies. To better understand and characterize CTPs, we aimed to compare the (i) concentration and prevalence, (ii) early in vitro biological behavior and (iii) expression of surface-markers and transcription factors among cells derived from marrow space (MS), trabecular surface (TS), and adipose tissues (AT). METHODS Cancellous-bone and subcutaneous-adipose tissues were collected from 8 patients. Cells were isolated and cultured. Colony formation was assayed using Colonyze software based on ASTM standards. Cell concentration ([Cell]), CTP concentration ([CTP]) and CTP prevalence (PCTP) were determined. Attributes of culture-expanded cells were compared based on (i) effective proliferation rate and (ii) expression of surface-markers CD73, CD90, CD105, SSEA-4, SSEA-3, SSEA-1/CD15, Cripto-1, E-Cadherin/CD324, Ep-CAM/CD326, CD146, hyaluronan and transcription factors Oct3/4, Sox-2 and Nanog using flow cytometry. RESULTS Mean [Cell], [CTP] and PCTP were significantly different between MS and TS samples (P = 0.03, P = 0.008 and P= 0.0003), respectively. AT-derived cells generated the highest mean total cell yield at day 6 of culture-4-fold greater than TS and more than 40-fold greater than MS per million cells plated. TS colonies grew with higher mean density than MS colonies (290 ± 11 versus 150 ± 11 cell per mm2; P = 0.0002). Expression of classical-mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) markers was consistently recorded (>95%) from all tissue sources, whereas all the other markers were highly variable. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence and biological potential of CTPs are different between patients and tissue sources and lack variation in classical MSC markers. Other markers are more likely to discriminate differences between cell populations in biological performance. Understanding the underlying reasons for variation in the concentration, prevalence, marker expression and biological potential of CTPs between patients and source tissues and determining the means of managing this variation will contribute to the rational development of cell-based clinical diagnostics and targeted cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha A Qadan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA; Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Nicolas S Piuzzi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cynthia Boehm
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Wesley Bova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Malcolm Moos
- FDA/Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Office of Cellular, Tissue, and Gene Therapies, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Ronald J Midura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Vincent C Hascall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - George F Muschler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
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Castro-Raucci LMS, Teixeira LN, Barbosa AFS, Fernandes RR, Raucci-Neto W, Jacobovitz M, Oliveira IR, de Oliveira PT. Calcium chloride-enriched calcium aluminate cement promotes in vitro osteogenesis. Int Endod J 2018; 51:674-683. [PMID: 29226342 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effects of 2.8% or 10% calcium chloride (CaCl2 ) in calcium aluminate cement (CAC) with either bismuth oxide (Bi2 O3 ) or zinc oxide (ZnO) as radiopacifiers on the progression of osteogenic cell cultures. METHODOLOGY Rat calvaria-derived cells were grown on Thermanox® coverslips for 24 h and exposed to samples of (i) CACb: with 2.8% CaCl2 and 25% Bi2 O3 ; (ii) CACb+: with 10% CaCl2 and 25% Bi2 O3 ; (iii) CACz: with 2.8% CaCl2 and 25% ZnO; or (iv) CACz+: with 10% CaCl2 and 25% ZnO, placed on inserts. Nonexposed cultures served as the control. Calcium and phosphorus contents in culture media were quantified. The effects of the cements on cell apoptosis, cell viability and acquisition of the osteogenic cell phenotype were evaluated. Data were compared by Kruskal-Wallis test (α = 5%). RESULTS CACb+ promoted the highest levels of calcium in the culture media; CACz+, the lowest levels of phosphorus (P < 0.05). CACz+ and CACb increased cell apoptosis (P < 0.05). CACb reduced cell viability (P < 0.05) and the expression of the osteoblastic phenotype. CACz+ and CACb+ promoted greater cell differentiation and matrix mineralization compared to CACz and CACb (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION For CAC with the lower CaCl2 content, the use of Bi2 O3 was detrimental for osteoblastic cell survival and differentiation compared to ZnO, while CAC with the higher CaCl2 content supported the acquisition of the osteogenic cell phenotype in vitro regardless of the radiopacifier used. Thus, CAC with 10% CaCl2 would potentially promote bone repair in the context of endodontic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M S Castro-Raucci
- School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,School of Dentistry, University of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - L N Teixeira
- School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Department of Oral Pathology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Campinas, Brazil
| | - A F S Barbosa
- School of Dentistry, University of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - R R Fernandes
- School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - W Raucci-Neto
- School of Dentistry, University of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - M Jacobovitz
- School of Dentistry, Centro Universitário Paulista Central, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - I R Oliveira
- Institute for Research and Development, University of Vale do Paraíba, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - P T de Oliveira
- School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Ceccarelli G, Presta R, Lupi SM, Giarratana N, Bloise N, Benedetti L, Cusella De Angelis MG, Rodriguez Y Baena R. Evaluation of Poly(Lactic-co-glycolic) Acid Alone or in Combination with Hydroxyapatite on Human-Periosteal Cells Bone Differentiation and in Sinus Lift Treatment. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22122109. [PMID: 29207466 PMCID: PMC6149689 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Most recent advances in tissue engineering in the fields of oral surgery and dentistry have aimed to restore hard and soft tissues. Further improvement of these therapies may involve more biological approaches and the use of dental tissue stem cells in combination with inorganic/organic scaffolds. In this study, we analyzed the osteoconductivity of two different inorganic scaffolds based on poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid alone (PLGA-Fisiograft) or in combination with hydroxyapatite (PLGA/HA-Alos) in comparison with an organic material based on equine collagen (PARASORB Sombrero) both in vitro and in vivo. We developed a simple in vitro model in which periosteum-derived stem cells were grown in contact with chips of these scaffolds to mimic bone mineralization. The viability of cells and material osteoconductivity were evaluated by osteogenic gene expression and histological analyses at different time points. In addition, the capacity of scaffolds to improve bone healing in sinus lift was examined. Our results demonstrated that the osteoconductivity of PLGA/HA-Alos and the efficacy of scaffolds in promoting bone healing in the sinus lift were increased. Thus, new clinical approaches in sinus lift follow-up should be considered to elucidate the clinical potential of these two PLGA-based materials in dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Ceccarelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic, Human Anatomy Unit, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
- Center for Health Technologies, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Rossella Presta
- Department of Clinico-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Pavia, P.le Golgi 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Saturnino Marco Lupi
- Department of Clinico-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Pavia, P.le Golgi 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Nefele Giarratana
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Translational Cardiomyology, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Nora Bloise
- Center for Health Technologies, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
- Molecular Medicine Department (DMM), Center for Health Technologies (CHT), UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 3/B, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Toxicology and Environmental Risks, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri S.p.A, IRCCS, Via S. Boezio 28, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Laura Benedetti
- Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic, Human Anatomy Unit, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
- Center for Health Technologies, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Maria Gabriella Cusella De Angelis
- Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic, Human Anatomy Unit, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
- Center for Health Technologies, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Ruggero Rodriguez Y Baena
- Department of Clinico-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Pavia, P.le Golgi 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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Wang H, Kuang W. Optimization of MSC therapeutic strategies for improved GVHD treatment. INFECTION INTERNATIONAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/ii-2017-0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a powerful immunosuppressive capacity, and they have been used to treat numerous immune diseases, such as refractory graft-versus-host disease. Nevertheless, there are conflicting clinical data. To our knowledge, MSCs from different donors do not share the same qualities and have different immunosuppressive capacities. Infused MSCs are cleared by the recipient’s immune cells or macrophages. Therefore, the MSC therapeutic strategy might be the most important factor that determines treatment success. Repeated infusions would lead to a relatively stable MSC concentration, which would benefit a sustained therapeutic effect. In this review, we focus on the quality of MSCs and the associated therapeutic strategy, as well as other potential variables affecting their utility as a cellular pharmaceutical.
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Campi G, Cristofaro F, Pani G, Fratini M, Pascucci B, Corsetto PA, Weinhausen B, Cedola A, Rizzo AM, Visai L, Rea G. Heterogeneous and self-organizing mineralization of bone matrix promoted by hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:17274-17283. [PMID: 29090300 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr05013e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The mineralization process is crucial to the load-bearing characteristics of the bone extracellular matrix. In this work, we have studied the spatiotemporal dynamics of mineral deposition by human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells differentiating toward osteoblasts promoted by the presence of exogenous hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. At the molecular level, the added nanoparticles positively modulated the expression of bone-specific markers and enhanced calcified matrix deposition during osteogenic differentiation. The nucleation, growth and spatial arrangement of newly deposited hydroxyapatite nanocrystals have been evaluated using scanning micro X-ray diffraction and scanning micro X-ray fluorescence. As leading results, we have found the emergence of a complex scenario where the spatial organization and temporal evolution of the process exhibit heterogeneous and self-organizing dynamics. At the same time the possibility of controlling the differentiation kinetics, through the addition of synthetic nanoparticles, paves the way to empower the generation of more structured bone scaffolds in tissue engineering and to design new drugs in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Campi
- Institute of Crystallography - CNR, via Salaria Km 29.300, 00015, Monterotondo Roma, Italy.
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A novel cytotherapy device for rapid screening, enriching and combining mesenchymal stem cells into a biomaterial for promoting bone regeneration. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15463. [PMID: 29133959 PMCID: PMC5684202 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15451-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone defects are a common challenge in clinic, usually warranting bone grafts. However, current strategies to obtain effective graft materials have many drawbacks. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy is a promising alternative. We designed an innovative appliance named the stem cell screen-enrich-combine(-biomaterials) circulating system (SECCS). In this study, 42 patients who required bone graft underwent SECCS-based treatment. Their bone marrow samples and beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) granules were processed in the SECCS for 10-15 minutes, to produce MSC/β-TCP composites. These composites were grafted back into bone defect sites. The results showed 85.53% ± 7.95% autologous MSCs were successfully screened, enriched, and seeded on the β-TCP scaffolds synchronously. The cell viability remained unchanged after SECCS processing. Clinically, all patients obtained satisfactory bone healing. Thus, without in vitro culture, the SECCS can produce bioactive MSC/β-TCP composites for bone regeneration during surgery. The SECCS represents a convenient, rapid, low-cost, and safe method for bone regeneration.
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Patterson TE, Boehm C, Nakamoto C, Rozic R, Walker E, Piuzzi NS, Muschler GF. The Efficiency of Bone Marrow Aspiration for the Harvest of Connective Tissue Progenitors from the Human Iliac Crest. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2017; 99:1673-1682. [PMID: 28976432 PMCID: PMC5621565 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.17.00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rational design and optimization of tissue engineering strategies for cell-based therapy requires a baseline understanding of the concentration and prevalence of osteogenic progenitor cell populations in the source tissues. The aim of this study was to (1) define the efficiency of, and variation among individuals in, bone marrow aspiration as a means of osteogenic connective tissue progenitor (CTP-O) harvest compared with harvest from iliac cancellous bone, and (2) determine the location of CTP-Os within native cancellous bone and their distribution between the marrow-space and trabecular-surface tissue compartments. METHODS Eight 2-mL bone marrow aspiration (BMA) samples and one 7-mm transcortical biopsy sample were obtained from the anterior iliac crest of 33 human subjects. Two cell populations were obtained from the iliac cancellous bone (ICB) sample. The ICB sample was placed into αMEM (alpha-minimal essential medium) with antibiotic-antimycotic and minced into small pieces (1 to 2 mm in diameter) with a sharp osteotome. Cells that could be mechanically disassociated from the ICB sample were defined as marrow-space (IC-MS) cells, and cells that were disassociated only after enzymatic digestion were defined as trabecular-surface (IC-TS) cells. The 3 sources of bone and marrow-derived cells were compared on the basis of cellularity and the concentration and prevalence of CTP-Os through colony-forming unit (CFU) analysis. RESULTS Large variation was seen among patients with respect to cell and CTP-O yield from the IC-MS, IC-TS, and BMA samples and in the relative distribution of CTP-Os between the IC-MS and IC-TS fractions. The CTP-O prevalence was highest in the IC-TS fraction, which was 11.4-fold greater than in the IC-MS fraction (p < 0.0001) and 1.7-fold greater than in the BMA fraction. However, the median concentration of CTP-Os in the ICB (combining MS and TS fractions) was only 3.04 ± 1.1-fold greater than that in BMA (4,265 compared with 1,402 CTP/mL; p = 0.00004). CONCLUSIONS Bone marrow aspiration of a 2-mL volume at a given needle site is an effective means of harvesting CTP-Os, albeit diluted with peripheral blood. However, the median concentration of CTP-Os is 3-fold less than from native iliac cancellous bone. The distribution of CTP-Os between the IC-MS and IC-TS fractions varies widely among patients. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Bone marrow aspiration is an effective means of harvesting CTP-Os but is associated with dilution with peripheral blood. Overall, we found that 63.5% of all CTP-Os within iliac cancellous bone resided on the trabecular surface; however, 48% of the patients had more CTP-Os contributed by the IC-MS than the IC-TS fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E. Patterson
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (T.E.P., N.S.P., and G.F.M.) and Biomedical Engineering (T.E.P., C.B., C.N., R.R., E.W., N.S.P., and G.F.M.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio,E-mail address for T.E. Patterson:
| | - Cynthia Boehm
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (T.E.P., N.S.P., and G.F.M.) and Biomedical Engineering (T.E.P., C.B., C.N., R.R., E.W., N.S.P., and G.F.M.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio,E-mail address for C. Boehm:
| | - Chizu Nakamoto
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (T.E.P., N.S.P., and G.F.M.) and Biomedical Engineering (T.E.P., C.B., C.N., R.R., E.W., N.S.P., and G.F.M.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio,E-mail address for C. Nakamoto:
| | - Richard Rozic
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (T.E.P., N.S.P., and G.F.M.) and Biomedical Engineering (T.E.P., C.B., C.N., R.R., E.W., N.S.P., and G.F.M.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio,E-mail address for R. Rozic:
| | - Esteban Walker
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (T.E.P., N.S.P., and G.F.M.) and Biomedical Engineering (T.E.P., C.B., C.N., R.R., E.W., N.S.P., and G.F.M.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio,E-mail address for E. Walker:
| | - Nicolas S. Piuzzi
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (T.E.P., N.S.P., and G.F.M.) and Biomedical Engineering (T.E.P., C.B., C.N., R.R., E.W., N.S.P., and G.F.M.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio,E-mail address for N.S. Piuzzi:
| | - George F. Muschler
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (T.E.P., N.S.P., and G.F.M.) and Biomedical Engineering (T.E.P., C.B., C.N., R.R., E.W., N.S.P., and G.F.M.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio,E-mail address for G.F. Muschler:
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Abstract
The management of long bone defects continues to be associated with significant challenges for optimum and timely bone repair. When bone grafting is needed, essential parameters to be addressed include adequate volume, optimum density, and structural capacity as well as potent biological properties. Although the autologous iliac crest bone graft remains the gold standard, its reduced availability and donor site morbidity have made the clinicians to seek for other alternative options. Reamer irrigator aspirator graft with materials used as graft expanders along with inductive molecules and cellular augmentation constitute the current trend for optimum bone regeneration. This article presents the contemporary thinking of the biological facet of segmental bone loss reconstruction.
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Hashimoto R, Katoh Y, Miyamoto Y, Nakamura K, Itoh S, Daida H, Nakazato Y, Okada T. High extracellular Ca 2+ enhances the adipocyte accumulation of bone marrow stromal cells through a decrease in cAMP. Cell Calcium 2017; 67:74-80. [PMID: 29029793 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) are common progenitors of both adipocytes and osteoblasts. We recently suggested that increased [Ca2+]o caused by bone resorption might accelerate adipocyte accumulation in response to treatment with both insulin and dexamethasone. In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which high [Ca2+]o enhances adipocyte accumulation. We used primary mouse BMSCs and evaluated the levels of adipocyte accumulation by measuring Oil Red O staining. CaSR agonists (both Ca2+ and Sr2+) enhanced the accumulation of adipocytes among BMSCs in response to treatment with both insulin and dexamethasone. We showed that high [Ca2+]o decreases the concentration of cAMP using ELISA. Real-time RT-PCR revealed that increasing the intracellular concentration of cAMP (both chemical inducer (1μM forskolin and 200nM IBMX) and a cAMP analog (10μM pCPT-cAMP)) suppressed the expression of PPARγ and C/EBPα. In addition, forskolin, IBMX, and pCPT-cAMP inhibited the enhancement in adipocyte accumulation under high [Ca2+]o in BMSCs. However, this inhibited effect was not observed in BMSCs that were cultured in a basal concentration of [Ca2+]o. We next observed that the accumulation of adipocytes in the of bone marrow of middle-aged mice (25-40 weeks old) is higher than that of young mice (6 weeks old) based on micro CT. ELISA results revealed that the concentration of cAMP in the bone marrow mononuclear cells of middle-aged mice is lower than that of young mice. These data suggest that increased [Ca2+]o caused by bone resorption might accelerate adipocyte accumulation through CaSR following a decrease in cAMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Hashimoto
- Department of Physiology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Youichi Katoh
- Juntendo University Faculty of International Liberal Arts, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8421, Japan; Department of Cardiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Yuki Miyamoto
- Juntendo University Faculty of Health Care and Nursing, Takasu 2-5-1, Urayasu-shi, Chiba 279-0023, Japan
| | - Kyoko Nakamura
- Department of Physiology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Seigo Itoh
- Department of Cardiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Daida
- Department of Cardiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakazato
- Center for Environmental Research, Department of Cardiology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine Urayasu Hospital, Tomioka 2-1-1, Urayasu-shi, Chiba 279-0022, Japan
| | - Takao Okada
- Department of Physiology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
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Kiernan J, Davies JE, Stanford WL. Concise Review: Musculoskeletal Stem Cells to Treat Age-Related Osteoporosis. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 6:1930-1939. [PMID: 28834263 PMCID: PMC6430063 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.17-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Age‐related (type‐II) osteoporosis is a common and debilitating condition driven in part by the loss of bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) and their osteoblast progeny, leading to reduced bone formation. Current pharmacological regiments targeting age‐related osteoporosis do not directly treat the disease by increasing bone formation, but instead use bisphosphonates to reduce bone resorption—a treatment designed for postmenopausal (type‐I) osteoporosis. Recently, the bone regenerative capacity of MSCs has been found within a very rare population of skeletal stem cells (SSCs) residing within the larger heterogeneous BM‐MSC pool. The osteoregenerative potential of SSCs would be an ideal candidate for cell‐based therapies to treat degenerative bone diseases such as osteoporosis. However, to date, clinical and translational studies attempting to improve bone formation through cell transplantation have used the larger, nonspecific, MSC pool. In this review, we will outline the physiological basis of age‐related osteoporosis, as well as discuss relevant preclinical studies that use exogenous MSC transplantation with the aim of treating osteoporosis in murine models. We will also discuss results from specific clinical trials aimed at treating other systemic bone diseases, and how the discovery of SSC could help realize the full regenerative potential of MSC therapy to increase bone formation. Finally, we will outline how ancillary clinical trials could be initiated to assess MSC/SSC‐mediated bone formation gains in existing and potentially unrelated clinical trials, setting the stage for a dedicated clinical investigation to treat age‐related osteoporosis. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2017;6:1930–1939
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Kiernan
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John E Davies
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - William L Stanford
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Departments of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, and Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Rodriguez-Fontan F, Piuzzi NS, Chahla J, Payne KA, LaPrade RF, Muschler GF, Pascual-Garrido C. Stem and Progenitor Cells for Cartilage Repair: Source, Safety, Evidence, and Efficacy. OPER TECHN SPORT MED 2017. [DOI: 10.1053/j.otsm.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Wang J, Li SF, Wang T, Sun CH, Wang L, Huang MJ, Chen J, Zheng SW, Wang N, Zhang YJ, Chen TY. Isopsoralen-mediated suppression of bone marrow adiposity and attenuation of the adipogenic commitment of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Int J Mol Med 2017; 39:527-538. [PMID: 28204811 PMCID: PMC5360393 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.2880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) increases the risk of bone fractures and other complications, and is thus a major clinical problem. In this study, we examined the effect of isopsoralen on the differentiation of bone-derived marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into osteoblasts and adipocytes, as well as bone formation under osteoporotic conditions. Primary femoral BMSCs isolated from C57BL/6 mice were used to evaluate the isopsoralen-mediated regulation of the expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) during osteogenesis 2 weeks. We also examined the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) under adipogenic conditions for 1 and 2 weeks. In addition, ovariectomized (OVX) mice were used to examine the effects of isopsoralen on bone formation for 2 months. Finally, mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling was examined under osteogenic and adipogenic conditions. We found that following treatment with isopsoralen, the expression levels of ALP, OCN and RUNX2 were upregulated, whereas those of PPARγ and C/EBPβ were downregulated. mTORC1 signaling was also inhibited in vitro and in vivo. In the OVX mice that were intragastrically administered isopsoralen, bone parameters (trabecular thickness, bone volume/total volume and trabecular number) in the distal femoral metaphysis were significantly increased and the adipocyte number was decreased. On the whole, our findings demonstrate that isopsoralen promoted BMSC differentiation into osteoblasts and suppressed differentiation into adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010050, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Fa Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First People's Hospital of Huizhou, Huizhou, Guangdong 516003, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Han Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First People's Hospital of Huizhou, Huizhou, Guangdong 516003, P.R. China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Orthopedics Academy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510665, P.R. China
| | - Min-Jun Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Orthopedics Academy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510665, P.R. China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Three Gorges Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing 404100, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Wei Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First People's Hospital of Huizhou, Huizhou, Guangdong 516003, P.R. China
| | - Nan Wang
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Jun Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, Hunan 418000, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Yu Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Orthopedics Academy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510665, P.R. China
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Kusuma GD, Brennecke SP, O’Connor AJ, Kalionis B, Heath DE. Decellularized extracellular matrices produced from immortal cell lines derived from different parts of the placenta support primary mesenchymal stem cell expansion. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171488. [PMID: 28152107 PMCID: PMC5289638 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) exhibit undesired phenotypic changes during ex vivo expansion, limiting production of the large quantities of high quality primary MSCs needed for both basic research and cell therapies. Primary MSCs retain many desired MSC properties including proliferative capacity and differentiation potential when expanded on decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) prepared from primary MSCs. However, the need to use low passage number primary MSCs (passage 3 or lower) to produce the dECM drastically limits the utility and impact of this technology. Here, we report that primary MSCs expanded on dECM prepared from high passage number (passage 25) human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) transduced immortal MSC cell lines also exhibit increased proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Two hTERT-transduced placenta-derived MSC cell lines, CMSC29 and DMSC23 [derived from placental chorionic villi (CMSCs) and decidua basalis (DMSCs), respectively], were used to prepare dECM-coated substrates. These dECM substrates showed structural and biochemical differences. Primary DMSCs cultured on dECM-DMSC23 showed a three-fold increase in cell number after 14 days expansion in culture and increased osteogenic differentiation compared with controls. Primary CMSCs cultured on the dECM-DMSC23 exhibited a two-fold increase in cell number and increased osteogenic differentiation. We conclude that immortal MSC cell lines derived from different parts of the placenta produce dECM with varying abilities for supporting increased primary MSC expansion while maintaining important primary MSC properties. Additionally, this is the first demonstration of using high passage number cells to produce dECM that can promote primary MSC expansion, and this advancement greatly increases the feasibility and applicability of dECM-based technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina D. Kusuma
- Pregnancy Research Centre, Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Particulate Fluids Processing Centre, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shaun P. Brennecke
- Pregnancy Research Centre, Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women’s Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrea J. O’Connor
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Particulate Fluids Processing Centre, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bill Kalionis
- Pregnancy Research Centre, Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women’s Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail: (BK); (DEH)
| | - Daniel E. Heath
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Particulate Fluids Processing Centre, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail: (BK); (DEH)
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Kwee E, Herderick EE, Adams T, Dunn J, Germanowski R, Krakosh F, Boehm C, Monnich J, Powell K, Muschler G. Integrated Colony Imaging, Analysis, and Selection Device for Regenerative Medicine. SLAS Technol 2016; 22:217-223. [PMID: 28095177 DOI: 10.1177/2211068216676587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Stem and progenitor cells derived from human tissues are being developed as cell sources for cell-based assays and therapies. However, tissue-derived stem and progenitor cells are heterogeneous. Differences in observed clones of stem cells likely reflect important aspects of the underlying state of the source cells, as well as future potency for cell therapies. This paper describes a colony analysis and picking device that provides quantitative analysis of heterogeneous cell populations and precise tools for cell picking for research or biomanufacturing applications. We describe an integrated robotic system that enables image acquisition and automated image analysis to be coupled with rapid automated selection of individual colonies in adherent cell cultures. Other automated systems have demonstrated feasibility with picking from semisolid media or off feeder layers. We demonstrate the capability to pick adherent bone-derived stem cells from tissue culture plastic. Cells are efficiently picked from a target site and transferred to a recipient well plate. Cells demonstrate viability and adherence and maintain biologic potential for surface markers CD73 and CD90 based on phase contrast and fluorescence imaging 6 days after transfer. Methods developed here can be applied to the study of other stem cell types and automated culture of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Kwee
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,2 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Thomas Adams
- 4 Parker Hannifin Electromechanical, Irwin, PA, USA
| | - James Dunn
- 4 Parker Hannifin Electromechanical, Irwin, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Cynthia Boehm
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Kimerly Powell
- 5 Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - George Muschler
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Beck A, Murphy DJ, Carey-Smith R, Wood DJ, Zheng MH. Treatment of Articular Cartilage Defects With Microfracture and Autologous Matrix-Induced Chondrogenesis Leads to Extensive Subchondral Bone Cyst Formation in a Sheep Model. Am J Sports Med 2016; 44:2629-2643. [PMID: 27436718 DOI: 10.1177/0363546516652619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microfracture and the autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (AMIC) technique are popular for the treatment of articular cartilage defects. However, breaching of the subchondral bone plate could compromise the subchondral bone structure. HYPOTHESIS Microfracture and AMIC will cause deleterious effects on the subchondral bone structure. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS A total of 36 sheep received an 8-mm-diameter cartilage defect in the left medial femoral condyle. Control animals (n = 12) received no further treatment, and the rest received 5 microfracture holes either with a type I/III collagen scaffold implanted (n = 12; AMIC group) or without the collagen scaffold (n = 12; microfracture group). Macroscopic infill of defects, histology, and histomorphometry of the subchondral bone were performed at 13 and 26 weeks postoperatively, and micro-computed tomography (CT) was also performed at 26 weeks postoperatively. RESULTS Microfracture and AMIC resulted in subchondral bone cyst formation in 5 of 12 (42%) and 11 of 12 (92%) specimens at 13 and 26 weeks, respectively. Subchondral bone changes induced by microfracture and AMIC were characterized by an increased percentage of bone volume, increased trabecular thickness, and a decreased trabecular separation, and extended beyond the area below the defect. High numbers of osteoclasts were observed at the cyst periphery, and all cysts communicated with the microfracture holes. Cartilage repair tissue was of poor quality and quantity at both time points and rarely reached the tidemark at 13 weeks. CONCLUSION Microfracture technique caused bone cyst formation and induced severe pathology of the subchondral bone in a sheep model. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The potential of microfracture technique to induce subchondral bone pathology should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aswin Beck
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research (M508), School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - David J Murphy
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Richard Carey-Smith
- Perth Orthopaedic Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - David J Wood
- Perth Orthopaedic Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ming H Zheng
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research (M508), School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
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48
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Hughes JM, Charkoudian N, Barnes JN, Morgan BJ. Revisiting the Debate: Does Exercise Build Strong Bones in the Mature and Senescent Skeleton? Front Physiol 2016; 7:369. [PMID: 27679578 PMCID: PMC5020082 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional exercise programs seem to be less osteogenic in the mature and post-mature skeleton compared to the young skeleton. This is likely because of the decline in sensitivity of bone to mechanical loading that occurs with advancing age. Another factor contributing to the apparently diminished benefit of exercise in older adults is failure of widely used measurement techniques (i.e., DXA) to identify changes in 3-dimensional bone structure, which are important determinants of bone strength. Moreover, although hormonal contributors to bone loss in the elderly are well-recognized, the influence of age-related increases in sympathetic nervous system activity, which impacts bone metabolism, is rarely considered. In this Perspective, we cite evidence from animal and human studies demonstrating anabolic effects of exercise on bone across the lifespan and we discuss theoretical considerations for designing exercise regimens to optimize bone health. We conclude with suggestions for future research that should help define the osteogenic potential of exercise in older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M Hughes
- Military Performance Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine Natick, MA, USA
| | - Nisha Charkoudian
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine Natick, MA, USA
| | - Jill N Barnes
- Bruno Balke Biodynamics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, WI, USA
| | - Barbara J Morgan
- John Rankin Laboratory of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, WI, USA
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49
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Shukla S, Tavakkoli F, Singh V, Sangwan VS. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for corneal diseases. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2016.1215906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Shukla
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, Centre for Ocular Regeneration, Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation, Tej Kohli Cornea Institute, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Fatemeh Tavakkoli
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, Centre for Ocular Regeneration, Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation, Tej Kohli Cornea Institute, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Vivek Singh
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, Centre for Ocular Regeneration, Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation, Tej Kohli Cornea Institute, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Virender Singh Sangwan
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, Centre for Ocular Regeneration, Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation, Tej Kohli Cornea Institute, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
- Srujana-Center for Innovation, Tej Kohli Cornea Institute, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
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50
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Gürpinar ÖA, Onur MA. In Vitro Investigation of Cell Compatibility of Pure β-TCP Granules. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911505051660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, osteoblastic cells were isolated from rat bone marrow and characterized. The cells were cultured on β-TCP granules and the osteoblast/ β-TCP constructs. For this purpose, bone marrow was harvested under sterile conditions. Cell aggregates were broken up by pipetting and a cell suspension was cultured in DMEM/F12. After three days, the cells that adhered to the surface of the flask were cultured in osteoblast medium. When the cells became confluent, they were passaged and cultured in 24-well polystyrene cell culture dishes. Characterization of the osteoblasts, cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity were measured on days 1, 7, 14, 21 and 30. To investigate the cell compatibility of the β-TCP granules, osteoblastic cells were cultured on β-TCP granules and a polystyrene cell culture dish (control group). Cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were measured on days 1, 7, 14, 21 and 30 in both groups. Cell growth significantly increased at each time point, but on day 30 a decrease was observed. The ALP activity also increased at each time point and also decreased on day 30. This study may be regarded as the first step leading to a therapy for various bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Ali Onur
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Beytepe, 06532, Ankara, Turkey
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