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Tareq FS, Singh J, Ferreira JFS, Sandhu D, Suarez DL, Luthria DL. A Targeted and an Untargeted Metabolomics Approach to Study the Phytochemicals of Tomato Cultivars Grown Under Different Salinity Conditions. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:7694-7706. [PMID: 38530768 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the effect of increasing the salinity of irrigation water on the metabolic content and profiles of two tomato cultivars ('Jaune Flamme' (JF) and 'Red Pear' (RP)) using targeted and untargeted metabolomics approaches. Irrigation of tomato plants was performed with four different salt concentrations provided by chloride (treatment 1) and sulfate (treatment 2) salts. Targeted analysis of the methanolic extract resulted in the identification of nine major polyphenols. Among them, chlorogenic acid, rutin, and naringenin were the prominent compounds in both cultivars. In addition, the quantification of 18 free amino acids from both tomato cultivars showed that different salinity treatments significantly enhanced the levels of glutamine, glutamic acid, and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Using the untargeted metabolomic approach, we identified 129 putative metabolites encompassing a diverse array of phytochemicals including polyphenols, organic acids, lipids, sugars, and amino acids. Principal component analysis (PCA) of mass spectral data acquired under positive and negative ionization modes showed a clear separation between the two cultivars. However, only positive ionization showed separation among different salinity treatments. Unsupervised and supervised learning algorithms were applied to mine the generated data and to pinpoint metabolites different from the two cultivars. These findings suggest that different salinity conditions significantly influenced the accumulation of phytochemicals in tomato cultivars. This study will help tomato breeding programs to develop value-added tomato cultivars under varying environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fakir Shahidullah Tareq
- Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Jashbir Singh
- Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Jorge F S Ferreira
- Agricultural Water Efficiency and Salinity Research Unit, USDA-ARS U.S. Salinity Laboratory, 450 W. Big Springs Rd., Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Devinder Sandhu
- Agricultural Water Efficiency and Salinity Research Unit, USDA-ARS U.S. Salinity Laboratory, 450 W. Big Springs Rd., Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Donald L Suarez
- Agricultural Water Efficiency and Salinity Research Unit, USDA-ARS U.S. Salinity Laboratory, 450 W. Big Springs Rd., Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Devanand L Luthria
- Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
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2
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Patulin in tomatoes and the inhibitory capacity of their phenolic extracts against Penicillium expansum. Food Res Int 2022; 162:112085. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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3
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Postharvest Quality Evolution in Long Shelf-Life “Vesuviano” Tomato Landrace. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132111885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
“Vesuviano” or “piennolo” tomato is among the most famous Italian small tomato landraces and is cultivated on the slopes of Vesuvio volcano (Southern Italy). The “piennolo” tomato is an interesting case with regard to its potential sustainability, as it is traditionally grown in water-deficit conditions with a low fertilizer input. Fruits with a high firmness and a thick skin can be stored for 3–4 months at room temperature (“long shelf-life” or LSL tomato) without postharvest fungicide applications. The aim of this research was to study the retention, changes in quality, and nutritional traits of “Vesuviano” tomatoes over 120 days of “natural” storage. The dry matter, soluble sugar, organic acids, volatile compounds, and carotenoid contents were evaluated at harvesting and in fruits stored for 40, 80, and 120 days. Slight decreases in dry matter content, soluble sugars, and sweetness index were found, while the organic acids levels remained relatively stable. Moreover, interesting increases in the concentrations of certain flavor volatiles, alcohols, aldehydes, and terpenes were detected. Regarding carotenoids, the total lycopene levels exhibited a 1.5-fold increase from harvest to 120 days. The unchanged lycopene cis-isomer levels and the β-carotene/total lycopene ratio is characteristic of relatively stable isomerization activity and indicated an optimal ripening pattern up until the end of the “natural” storage period. These results, which demonstrate good overall quality retention of this LSL tomato, represent a well-grounded reason to enhance the cultivation and marketing of this genetic resource, the fruits of which can be appreciated by consumers during the winter–early spring, when high-quality fresh tomatoes are not available on the markets.
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Mun HI, Kwon MC, Lee NR, Son SY, Song DH, Lee CH. Comparing Metabolites and Functional Properties of Various Tomatoes Using Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics Approach. Front Nutr 2021; 8:659646. [PMID: 33898504 PMCID: PMC8060453 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.659646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomato is one of the world's most consumed vegetables, and thus, various cultivars have been developed. Therefore, metabolic differences and nutrient contents of various tomatoes need to be discovered. To do so, we performed metabolite profiling along with evaluation of morphological and physicochemical properties of five representative tomato types. Common tomato cultivars, bigger and heavier than other tomatoes, contained higher levels of amino acids, organic acids, and lipids. On the contrary, cherry tomato cultivars contained a higher proportion of phenylpropanoids, lycopene, β-carotene, and α-carotene than the other tomatoes. Also, the highest antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoid contents were observed in cherry tomato cultivars. Furthermore, to understand metabolic distributions in various tomato cultivars, we constructed a metabolic pathway map. The higher metabolic flux distribution of most primary metabolite synthetic pathways was observed in common tomatoes, while cherry tomato cultivars showed a significantly elevated flux in secondary metabolite synthetic pathways. Accordingly, these results provide valuable information of different characteristics in various tomatoes, which can be considered while purchasing and improving tomato cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha In Mun
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min Cheol Kwon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Na-Rae Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su Young Son
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Da Hye Song
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea.,Research Institute for Bioactive-Metabolome Network, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
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5
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Modeling and Evaluation of the Osmotic Pretreatment of Tomatoes (S. lycopersicum) with Alternative Sweeteners for the Production of Candied Products. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-020-02456-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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6
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Dermesonlouoglou EK, Pantelaiaki K, Andreou V, Katsaros GJ, Taoukis PS. Osmotic pretreatment for the production of novel dehydrated tomatoes and cucumbers. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Efimia K. Dermesonlouoglou
- School of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology National Technical University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Kallirroi Pantelaiaki
- School of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology National Technical University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Varvara Andreou
- School of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology National Technical University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - George J. Katsaros
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products Hellenic Agricultural Organisation—DEMETER Athens Greece
| | - Petros S. Taoukis
- School of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology National Technical University of Athens Athens Greece
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7
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Spanish traditional tomato. Effects of genotype, location and agronomic conditions on the nutritional quality and evaluation of consumer preferences. Food Chem 2019; 270:452-458. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.07.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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8
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Study of commercial quality parameters, sugars, phenolics, carotenoids and plastids in different tomato varieties. Food Chem 2018; 277:480-489. [PMID: 30502174 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.10.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess commercial quality parameters, sugars, phenolics, carotenoids and plastid in diverse and little studied tomato varieties to gain insight into their commercial and functional quality and reveal possible noticeable differences. Five cherry tomato varieties and six common (i.e., non-cherry) tomatoes were evaluated. The highest levels of lycopene were detected in 'Tigerella' and 'Byelsa', and those of phytoene in 'Orange', those of phenolics in 'Green Zebra', all of them common tomatoes. The levels of sugars in both groups of tomatoes were comparable. Interesting differences in plastid carotenoid-accumulating sub-structures as a function of the carotenoid profile were observed. Given the importance of chromoplasts in the deposition of carotenoids in plants and their release during digestion, this information can be valuable in investigations on the regulation of the biosynthesis and the bioavailability of tomato carotenoids.
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Manganaris GA, Goulas V, Mellidou I, Drogoudi P. Antioxidant Phytochemicals in Fresh Produce: Exploitation of Genotype Variation and Advancements in Analytical Protocols. Front Chem 2018; 5:95. [PMID: 29468146 PMCID: PMC5807909 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2017.00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Horticultural commodities (fruit and vegetables) are the major dietary source of several bioactive compounds of high nutraceutical value for humans, including polyphenols, carotenoids and vitamins. The aim of the current review was dual. Firstly, toward the eventual enhancement of horticultural crops with bio-functional compounds, the natural genetic variation in antioxidants found in different species and cultivars/genotypes is underlined. Notably, some landraces and/or traditional cultivars have been characterized by substantially higher phytochemical content, i.e., small tomato of Santorini island (cv. "Tomataki Santorinis") possesses appreciably high amounts of ascorbic acid (AsA). The systematic screening of key bioactive compounds in a wide range of germplasm for the identification of promising genotypes and the restoration of key gene fractions from wild species and landraces may help in reducing the loss of agro-biodiversity, creating a healthier "gene pool" as the basis of future adaptation. Toward this direction, large scale comparative studies in different cultivars/genotypes of a given species provide useful insights about the ones of higher nutritional value. Secondly, the advancements in the employment of analytical techniques to determine the antioxidant potential through a convenient, easy and fast way are outlined. Such analytical techniques include electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy, electrochemical, and chemometric methods, flow injection analysis (FIA), optical sensors, and high resolution screening (HRS). Taking into consideration that fruits and vegetables are complex mixtures of water- and lipid-soluble antioxidants, the exploitation of chemometrics to develop "omics" platforms (i.e., metabolomics, foodomics) is a promising tool for researchers to decode and/or predict antioxidant activity of fresh produce. For industry, the use of optical sensors and IR spectroscopy is recommended to estimate the antioxidant activity rapidly and at low cost, although legislation does not allow its correlation with health claims.
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Affiliation(s)
- George A. Manganaris
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Lemesos, Cyprus
| | - Vlasios Goulas
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Lemesos, Cyprus
| | - Ifigeneia Mellidou
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization ‘Demeter’, Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Pavlina Drogoudi
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization ‘Demeter’, Department of Deciduous Fruit Trees, Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Naoussa, Greece
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Coyago-Cruz E, Corell M, Stinco CM, Hernanz D, Moriana A, Meléndez-Martínez AJ. Effect of regulated deficit irrigation on quality parameters, carotenoids and phenolics of diverse tomato varieties ( Solanum lycopersicum L.). Food Res Int 2017; 96:72-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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11
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Renau-Morata B, Molina RV, Carrillo L, Cebolla-Cornejo J, Sánchez-Perales M, Pollmann S, Domínguez-Figueroa J, Corrales AR, Flexas J, Vicente-Carbajosa J, Medina J, Nebauer SG. Ectopic Expression of CDF3 Genes in Tomato Enhances Biomass Production and Yield under Salinity Stress Conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:660. [PMID: 28515731 PMCID: PMC5414387 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cycling Dof Factor (CDF) transcription factors (TFs) are involved in multiple processes related to plant growth and development. A member of this family, CDF3, has recently been linked in Arabidopsis to the regulation of primary metabolism and abiotic stress responses, but its role in crop production under stress is still unknown. In this study, we characterized tomato plants overexpressing the CDF3 genes from Arabidopsis and tomato and analyzed their effects on growth and yield under salinity, additionally gaining deeper insights into the molecular function of these TFs. Our results provide evidence for higher biomass production and yield in the 35S::AtCDF3 and 35S::SlCDF3 plants, likely due to a higher photosynthetic capacity resulting in increased sucrose availability. Transcriptome analysis revealed that CDF3 genes regulate a set of genes involved in redox homeostasis, photosynthesis performance and primary metabolism that lead to enhanced biomass production. Consistently, metabolomic profiling revealed that CDF3 evokes changes in the primary metabolism triggering enhanced nitrogen assimilation, and disclosed that the amount of some protective metabolites including sucrose, GABA and asparagine were higher in vegetative tissues of CDF3 overexpressing plants. Altogether these changes improved performance of 35S::AtCDF3 and 35S::SlCDF3 plants under salinity conditions. Moreover, the overexpression of CDF3 genes modified organic acid and sugar content in fruits, improving variables related to flavor perception and fruit quality. Overall, our results associate the CDF3 TF with a role in the control of growth and C/N metabolism, and highlight that overexpression of CDF3 genes can substantially improve plant yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begoña Renau-Morata
- Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaValència, Spain
| | - Rosa V. Molina
- Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaValència, Spain
| | - Laura Carrillo
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de PlantasMadrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jaume Flexas
- Departamento de Biología, Universitat de les Illes BalearsPalma, Spain
| | | | - Joaquín Medina
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de PlantasMadrid, Spain
| | - Sergio G. Nebauer
- Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaValència, Spain
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12
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Dermesonlouoglou EK, Andreou V, Alexandrakis Z, Katsaros GJ, Giannakourou MC, Taoukis PS. The hurdle effect of osmotic pretreatment and high-pressure cold pasteurisation on the shelf-life extension of fresh-cut tomatoes. Int J Food Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Efimia K. Dermesonlouoglou
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology; School of Chemical Engineering; National Technical University of Athens; 5, Iroon Polytecniou 15780 Zografou Athens Greece
| | - Varvara Andreou
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology; School of Chemical Engineering; National Technical University of Athens; 5, Iroon Polytecniou 15780 Zografou Athens Greece
| | - Zacharias Alexandrakis
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology; School of Chemical Engineering; National Technical University of Athens; 5, Iroon Polytecniou 15780 Zografou Athens Greece
| | - George J. Katsaros
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology; School of Chemical Engineering; National Technical University of Athens; 5, Iroon Polytecniou 15780 Zografou Athens Greece
| | - Maria C. Giannakourou
- Department of Food Technology; Faculty of Food Technology and Nutrition; Technological Educational Institute of Athens; Agiou Spyridonos 12243 Aigaleo Athens Greece
| | - Petros S. Taoukis
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology; School of Chemical Engineering; National Technical University of Athens; 5, Iroon Polytecniou 15780 Zografou Athens Greece
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13
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Corrêa JLG, Ernesto DB, de Mendonça KS. Pulsed vacuum osmotic dehydration of tomatoes: Sodium incorporation reduction and kinetics modeling. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2016.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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14
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Flores P, Sánchez E, Fenoll J, Hellín P. Genotypic variability of carotenoids in traditional tomato cultivars. Food Res Int 2016; 100:510-516. [PMID: 28964375 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Traditional varieties constitute a wide source of genetic variation that can be used per se or to obtain new cultivars with high consumer appeal and nutritional value. This work focuses on the carotenoid and chlorophyll profiles and contents of 53 traditional tomato cultivars, paying particular attention to compounds with recognized health-promoting properties. The study includes fruits with different shapes (oblate, slightly flattened, rounded, heart-shaped, long oblong and pyriform), colors (yellow, pink and red) and sizes (very small to very large). In addition, black colored tomato fruits with yellow, pink or red background color were studied. The highest concentrations of lycopene, β-carotene, phytoene and phytofluene were found in pink and red tomatoes, while the highest concentrations of lutein, violaxanthin, neoxanthin and chlorophylls were found in fruits with a dark coloration, regardless of their background coloration. Finally, the highest concentrations of the studied compounds as a whole (except β-carotene) were found in red- and pink-black varieties. Findings will hopefully contribute to recovering many tomato traditional varieties for use, directly in the field or as donor parents for breeding programs, to increase the nutraceutical properties of commercial varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Flores
- Murcia Institute of Agri-Food Research and Development (IMIDA), c/Mayor s/n. La Alberca, 30150 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Elena Sánchez
- Murcia Institute of Agri-Food Research and Development (IMIDA), c/Mayor s/n. La Alberca, 30150 Murcia, Spain
| | - José Fenoll
- Murcia Institute of Agri-Food Research and Development (IMIDA), c/Mayor s/n. La Alberca, 30150 Murcia, Spain
| | - Pilar Hellín
- Murcia Institute of Agri-Food Research and Development (IMIDA), c/Mayor s/n. La Alberca, 30150 Murcia, Spain
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15
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Baldina S, Picarella ME, Troise AD, Pucci A, Ruggieri V, Ferracane R, Barone A, Fogliano V, Mazzucato A. Metabolite Profiling of Italian Tomato Landraces with Different Fruit Types. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:664. [PMID: 27242865 PMCID: PMC4872001 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Increased interest toward traditional tomato varieties is fueled by the need to rescue desirable organoleptic traits and to improve the quality of fresh and processed tomatoes in the market. In addition, the phenotypic and genetic variation preserved in tomato landraces represents a means to understand the genetic basis of traits related to health and organoleptic aspects and improve them in modern varieties. To establish a framework for this approach, we studied the content of several metabolites in a panel of Italian tomato landraces categorized into three broad fruit type classes (flattened/ribbed, pear/oxheart, round/elongate). Three modern hybrids, corresponding to the three fruit shape typologies, were included as reference. Red ripe fruits were morphologically characterized and biochemically analyzed for their content in glycoalkaloids, phenols, amino acids, and Amadori products. The round/elongate types showed a higher content in glycoalkaloids, whereas flattened types had higher levels of phenolic compounds. Flattened tomatoes were also rich in total amino acids and in particular in glutamic acid. Multivariate analysis of amino acid content clearly separated the three classes of fruit types. Making allowance of the very low number of genotypes, phenotype-marker relationships were analyzed after retrieving single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among the landraces available in the literature. Sixty-six markers were significantly associated with the studied traits. The positions of several of these SNPs showed correspondence with already described genomic regions and QTLs supporting the reliability of the association. Overall the data indicated that significant changes in quality-related metabolites occur depending on the genetic background in traditional tomato germplasm, frequently according to specific fruit shape categories. Such a variability is suitable to harness association mapping for metabolic quality traits using this germplasm as an experimental population, paving the way for investigating their genetic/molecular basis, and facilitating breeding for quality-related compounds in tomato fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Baldina
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, University of TusciaViterbo, Italy
| | - Maurizio E. Picarella
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, University of TusciaViterbo, Italy
| | - Antonio D. Troise
- Food Quality Design Group, Wageningen UniversityWageningen, Netherlands
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Pucci
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, University of TusciaViterbo, Italy
| | - Valentino Ruggieri
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”Napoli, Italy
| | - Rosalia Ferracane
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”Napoli, Italy
| | - Amalia Barone
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”Napoli, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Fogliano
- Food Quality Design Group, Wageningen UniversityWageningen, Netherlands
| | - Andrea Mazzucato
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, University of TusciaViterbo, Italy
- *Correspondence: Andrea Mazzucato
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16
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Fruit and Vegetable Quality Assessment via Dielectric Sensing. SENSORS 2015; 15:15363-97. [PMID: 26131680 PMCID: PMC4541835 DOI: 10.3390/s150715363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Revised: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The demand for improved food quality has been accompanied by a technological boost. This fact enhances the possibility of improving the quality of horticultural products, leading towards healthier consumption of fruits and vegetables. A better electrical characterization of the dielectric properties of fruits and vegetables is required for this purpose. Moreover, a focused study of dielectric spectroscopy and advanced dielectric sensing is a highly interesting topic. This review explains the dielectric property basics and classifies the dielectric spectroscopy measurement techniques. It comprehensively and chronologically covers the dielectric experiments explored for fruits and vegetables, along with their appropriate sensing instrumentation, analytical modelling methods and conclusions. An in-depth definition of dielectric spectroscopy and its usefulness in the electric characterization of food materials is presented, along with the various sensor techniques used for dielectric measurements. The collective data are tabulated in a summary of the dielectric findings in horticultural field investigations, which will facilitate more advanced and focused explorations in the future.
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17
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Figàs MR, Prohens J, Raigón MD, Fita A, García-Martínez MD, Casanova C, Borràs D, Plazas M, Andújar I, Soler S. Characterization of composition traits related to organoleptic and functional quality for the differentiation, selection and enhancement of local varieties of tomato from different cultivar groups. Food Chem 2015; 187:517-24. [PMID: 25977058 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) local varieties are having an increasing demand. We characterized 69 local tomato accessions from eight cultivar groups for proximate composition traits, major sugars, acids and antioxidants. A large diversity was found, with differences among accessions of almost tenfold for lycopene. Significant differences were found among cultivar group means for most traits. The Cherry and Penjar groups generally presented higher dry matter, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, taste index, β-carotene, ascorbic acid, total phenolics, and antioxidant activity that the other groups. Wide ranges of variation were found within each cultivar group. Positive correlations were found between proximate traits related to taste and antioxidants. The multivariate principal components analysis confirms the distinct profile of the Cherry and Penjar groups and the large variation within groups. The results will be useful for the differentiation, enhancement and selection of local tomato varieties with improved organoleptic properties and functional quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R Figàs
- Institut de Conservació i Millora de l'Agrodiversitat Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera 14, 46022 València, Spain
| | - Jaime Prohens
- Institut de Conservació i Millora de l'Agrodiversitat Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera 14, 46022 València, Spain.
| | - María D Raigón
- Departament de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera 14, 46022 València, Spain
| | - Ana Fita
- Institut de Conservació i Millora de l'Agrodiversitat Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera 14, 46022 València, Spain
| | - María D García-Martínez
- Departament de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera 14, 46022 València, Spain
| | - Cristina Casanova
- Institut de Conservació i Millora de l'Agrodiversitat Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera 14, 46022 València, Spain
| | - Dionís Borràs
- Institut de Conservació i Millora de l'Agrodiversitat Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera 14, 46022 València, Spain
| | - Mariola Plazas
- Institut de Conservació i Millora de l'Agrodiversitat Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera 14, 46022 València, Spain
| | - Isabel Andújar
- Institut de Conservació i Millora de l'Agrodiversitat Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera 14, 46022 València, Spain
| | - Salvador Soler
- Institut de Conservació i Millora de l'Agrodiversitat Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera 14, 46022 València, Spain
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