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Schneider A, Munoz C, Hua A, Ellis S, Jeljeli S, Kunze KP, Neji R, Reader AJ, Reyes E, Ismail TF, Botnar RM, Prieto C. Non-rigid motion-compensated 3D whole-heart T 2 mapping in a hybrid 3T PET-MR system. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:1951-1964. [PMID: 38181169 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Simultaneous PET-MRI improves inflammatory cardiac disease diagnosis. However, challenges persist in respiratory motion and mis-registration between free-breathing 3D PET and 2D breath-held MR images. We propose a free-breathing non-rigid motion-compensated 3D T2 -mapping sequence enabling whole-heart myocardial tissue characterization in a hybrid 3T PET-MR system and provides non-rigid respiratory motion fields to correct also simultaneously acquired PET data. METHODS Free-breathing 3D whole-heart T2 -mapping was implemented on a hybrid 3T PET-MRI system. Three datasets were acquired with different T2 -preparation modules (0, 28, 55 ms) using 3-fold undersampled variable-density Cartesian trajectory. Respiratory motion was estimated via virtual 3D image navigators, enabling multi-contrast non-rigid motion-corrected MR reconstruction. T2 -maps were computed using dictionary-matching. Approach was tested in phantom, 8 healthy subjects, 14 MR only and 2 PET-MR patients with suspected cardiac disease and compared with spin echo reference (phantom) and clinical 2D T2 -mapping (in-vivo). RESULTS Phantom results show a high correlation (R2 = 0.996) between proposed approach and gold standard 2D T2 mapping. In-vivo 3D T2 -mapping average values in healthy subjects (39.0 ± 1.4 ms) and patients (healthy tissue) (39.1 ± 1.4 ms) agree with conventional 2D T2 -mapping (healthy = 38.6 ± 1.2 ms, patients = 40.3 ± 1.7 ms). Bland-Altman analysis reveals bias of 1.8 ms and 95% limits of agreement (LOA) of -2.4-6 ms for healthy subjects, and bias of 1.3 ms and 95% LOA of -1.9 to 4.6 ms for patients. CONCLUSION Validated efficient 3D whole-heart T2 -mapping at hybrid 3T PET-MRI provides myocardial inflammation characterization and non-rigid respiratory motion fields for simultaneous PET data correction. Comparable T2 values were achieved with both 3D and 2D methods. Improved image quality was observed in the PET images after MR-based motion correction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Schneider
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Camila Munoz
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alina Hua
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sam Ellis
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sami Jeljeli
- PET Centre, St Thomas' Hospital, King's College London & Guys and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Karl P Kunze
- MR Research Collaborations, Siemens Healthcare Limited, Camberley, UK
| | - Radhouene Neji
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew J Reader
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Eliana Reyes
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tevfik F Ismail
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - René M Botnar
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millenium Institute for Intelligent Healthcare Engineering iHEALTH, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Prieto
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millenium Institute for Intelligent Healthcare Engineering iHEALTH, Santiago, Chile
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Guan X, Zhang X, Yang HJ, Dharmakumar R. On the loss of image contrast in double-inversion-recovery prepared T2* MRI of Intramyocardial hemorrhage. Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 105:125-132. [PMID: 37993042 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2023.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies have shown that double-inversion-recovery (DIR) prepared dark-blood T2*-weighted images result in lower SNR, CNR and diagnostic accuracy for intramyocardial hemorrhage (IMH) detection compared to non-DIR-prepared (bright-blood) T2*-weighted images; however, the mechanism contributing to this observation has not been investigated and explained in detail. This work tests the hypothesis that the loss of SNR on dark-blood cardiac T2*-weighted images of IMH stems from spin-relaxation during the long RF pulses in double inversion preparation, as a result, compromising image contrast for intramyocardial hemorrhage detection. METHODS Phantom and in-vivo animal studies were performed to test the hypothesis of the study. An agar phantom was imaged with multi-gradient-echo T2* imaging protocols with and without double-inversion-recovery (DIR) preparation. Image acquisitions were placed at different delay times (TD) after DIR preparation. SNR, T2* and Coefficient of Variation (COV) were measured and compared between DIR-prepared and non-DIR-prepared images. Canines with hemorrhagic myocardial infarctions were scanned at 3.0 T with DIR-prepared (dark-blood) and non-DIR-prepared (bright-blood) T2* imaging protocols. DIR-prepared T2* images were acquired with short, medium, and long delay times (TD). SNR, CNR, intramyocardial hemorrhage (IMH) extent, T2* and COV were measured and compared between DIR-prepared T2* images with short, medium, and long delay times (TD) to non-DIR-prepared bright-blood T2* images. RESULTS Phantom studies confirmed the hypothesis that the SNR loss on DIR-prepared T2* images originated from signal loss during DIR preparation. SNR followed T1 recovery curve with increased delay times (TD) indicating that SNR can be recovered with longer time delay between DIR and image acquisition. Myocardial T2* values were not affected by DIR preparation but COV of T2* was elevated. Animal studies supported the hypothesis and showed that DIR-prepared T2* images with insufficient delay time (TD) had impaired sensitivity for IMH detection due to lower SNR and CNR, and higher COV. CONCLUSION We conclude that lower SNR and CNR on DIR-prepared T2* images originate from signal loss during DIR preparation and insufficient recovery between DIR preparation and image acquisition. Although, the impaired sensitivity can be recovered by extending delay time (TD), it will extend the scan time. Bright-blood T2* imaging protocols should remain the optimal choice for assessment of intramyocardial hemorrhage. DIR-prepared dark-blood T2* imaging protocols should be performed with extra attention on image signal-to-noise ratio when used for intramyocardial hemorrhage detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingmin Guan
- Krannert Cardiovascular Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Xinheng Zhang
- Krannert Cardiovascular Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hsin-Jung Yang
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rohan Dharmakumar
- Krannert Cardiovascular Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Hammood ER, Shirani S, Sadri A, Bahri M, Dehghani S. The Role of Improved Motion-Sensitized Driven Equilibrium Blood Suppression and Fat Saturation on T 2 Relaxation Time, Using GraSE Sequence in Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging 2023. [PMID: 37850682 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND T2 mapping is a valuable technique in cardiac MR imaging that offers insights into the microstructural characteristics of myocardial tissue. However, it was shown that myocardial T2 relaxation times (T2 ) measured vary significantly depending on sequence, sequence parameters, and field strength. PURPOSE To assess T2 variability and image quality in cardiac T2 maps using four variants of the gradient-spin echo (GraSE) sequence, having different methods of blood signal suppression (double inversion recovery (DIR) and improved motion-sensitized driven equilibrium (iMSDE) and with and without the addition of fat saturation (FS). STUDY TYPE Prospective. POPULATION 48 healthy volunteers (46.7 +/- 21.5 years, 24 male) with no cardiac history. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE GraSE sequence with DIR (GraSEDIR ), with iMSDE (GraSEiMSDE ) and FS (GraSEDIR -FS) and with both iMSDE and FS (GraSEiMSDE -FS) at 1.5T. ASSESSMENT Global T2 from three short axis myocardial slices. and image quality assessments using a 5-point Lickert scale (1, (non-diagnostic) to 5, (excellent)) were conducted to evaluate the impact of DB and FS techniques on myocardial T2 measurements and image quality. STATISTICAL TESTS Paired t-tests or non-parametric equivalents for comparisons between sequences. The Bland-Altmann plots and Pearson rank correlation analyses, as appropriate. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The mean global T2 values for GraSEDIR , GraSEDIR -FS, GraSEiMSDE , and GraSEiMSDE -FS, were 52.84 ± 5.72 msec, 54.98 ± 3.59 msec, 53.9 ± 4.05 msec, and 55.14 ± 4.28 msec, respectively, with no significant differences (P = 0.092). High image quality scores (>4 out of 5) were obtained for all sequence variants with no significant differences between them (P = 0.11). DATA CONCLUSION All GraSE sequence variants exhibited approximately the same results and variations in the DB technique and addition of FS did not have significant impact on myocardial T2 values. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebtihal Raheem Hammood
- Radiation Sciences Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, International campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shapoor Shirani
- Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Sadri
- Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Radiation Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mousa Bahri
- Radiation Sciences Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Dehghani
- Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Radiation Sciences Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Si D, Kong X, Guo R, Cheng L, Ning Z, Chen Z, Chen S, Herzka DA, Ding H. Single breath-hold three-dimensional whole-heart T 2 mapping with low-rank plus sparse reconstruction. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023:e4924. [PMID: 36912448 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to develop and evaluate a three-dimensional single Breath-hOLd cardiac T2 mapping sequence (3D BOLT) with low-rank plus sparse (L + S) reconstruction for rapid whole-heart T2 measurement. 3D BOLT collects three highly accelerated electrocardiogram-triggered volumes with whole-heart coverage, all within a single 12-heartbeat breath-hold. Saturation pulses are performed every heartbeat to prepare longitudinal magnetization before T2 preparation (T2 -prep) or readout, and the echo time of T2 -prep is varied per volume for variable T2 weighting. Accelerated volumes are reconstructed jointly by an L + S algorithm. 3D BOLT was optimized and validated against gradient spin echo (GraSE) and a previously published approach (three-dimensional free-breathing cardiac T2 mapping [3DFBT2]) in both phantoms and human subjects (11 healthy subjects and 10 patients). The repeatability of 3D BOLT was validated on healthy subjects. Retrospective experiments indicated that 3D BOLT with 4.2-fold acceleration achieved T2 measurements comparable with those obtained with fully sampled data. T2 measured in phantoms using 3D BOLT demonstrated good accuracy and precision compared with the reference (R2 > 0.99). All in vivo imaging was successful and the average left ventricle T2 s measured by GraSE, 3DFBT2, and 3D BOLT were comparable and consistent for all healthy subjects (47.0 ± 2.3 vs. 47.7 ± 2.7 vs. 48.4 ± 1.8 ms) and patients (50.8 ± 3.0 vs. 48.6 ± 3.9 vs. 49.1 ± 3.7 ms), respectively. Myocardial T2 measured by 3D BOLT had excellent agreement with 3DFBT2 and there was no significant difference in mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation. 3D BOLT showed excellent repeatability (intraclass correlation coefficient: 0.938). The proposed 3D BOLT achieved whole-heart T2 mapping in a single breath-hold with good accuracy, precision, and repeatability on T2 measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyue Si
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangchuang Kong
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Guo
- School of medical technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Zihan Ning
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhensen Chen
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Daniel A Herzka
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Haiyan Ding
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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O'Brien AT, Gil KE, Varghese J, Simonetti OP, Zareba KM. T2 mapping in myocardial disease: a comprehensive review. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2022; 24:33. [PMID: 35659266 PMCID: PMC9167641 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-022-00866-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is considered the gold standard imaging modality for myocardial tissue characterization. Elevated transverse relaxation time (T2) is specific for increased myocardial water content, increased free water, and is used as an index of myocardial edema. The strengths of quantitative T2 mapping lie in the accurate characterization of myocardial edema, and the early detection of reversible myocardial disease without the use of contrast agents or ionizing radiation. Quantitative T2 mapping overcomes the limitations of T2-weighted imaging for reliable assessment of diffuse myocardial edema and can be used to diagnose, stage, and monitor myocardial injury. Strong evidence supports the clinical use of T2 mapping in acute myocardial infarction, myocarditis, heart transplant rejection, and dilated cardiomyopathy. Accumulating data support the utility of T2 mapping for the assessment of other cardiomyopathies, rheumatologic conditions with cardiac involvement, and monitoring for cancer therapy-related cardiac injury. Importantly, elevated T2 relaxation time may be the first sign of myocardial injury in many diseases and oftentimes precedes symptoms, changes in ejection fraction, and irreversible myocardial remodeling. This comprehensive review discusses the technical considerations and clinical roles of myocardial T2 mapping with an emphasis on expanding the impact of this unique, noninvasive tissue parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron T O'Brien
- Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, Ohio, USA
| | - Katarzyna E Gil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Juliet Varghese
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Orlando P Simonetti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Karolina M Zareba
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
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6
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Ogier AC, Bustin A, Cochet H, Schwitter J, van Heeswijk RB. The Road Toward Reproducibility of Parametric Mapping of the Heart: A Technical Review. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:876475. [PMID: 35600490 PMCID: PMC9120534 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.876475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Parametric mapping of the heart has become an essential part of many cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging exams, and is used for tissue characterization and diagnosis in a broad range of cardiovascular diseases. These pulse sequences are used to quantify the myocardial T1, T2, T2*, and T1ρ relaxation times, which are unique surrogate indices of fibrosis, edema and iron deposition that can be used to monitor a disease over time or to compare patients to one another. Parametric mapping is now well-accepted in the clinical setting, but its wider dissemination is hindered by limited inter-center reproducibility and relatively long acquisition times. Recently, several new parametric mapping techniques have appeared that address both of these problems, but substantial hurdles remain for widespread clinical adoption. This review serves both as a primer for newcomers to the field of parametric mapping and as a technical update for those already well at home in it. It aims to establish what is currently needed to improve the reproducibility of parametric mapping of the heart. To this end, we first give an overview of the metrics by which a mapping technique can be assessed, such as bias and variability, as well as the basic physics behind the relaxation times themselves and what their relevance is in the prospect of myocardial tissue characterization. This is followed by a summary of routine mapping techniques and their variations. The problems in reproducibility and the sources of bias and variability of these techniques are reviewed. Subsequently, novel fast, whole-heart, and multi-parametric techniques and their merits are treated in the light of their reproducibility. This includes state of the art segmentation techniques applied to parametric maps, and how artificial intelligence is being harnessed to solve this long-standing conundrum. We finish up by sketching an outlook on the road toward inter-center reproducibility, and what to expect in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustin C. Ogier
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aurelien Bustin
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- IHU LIRYC, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Avenue de Magellan, Pessac, France
| | - Hubert Cochet
- IHU LIRYC, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Avenue de Magellan, Pessac, France
| | - Juerg Schwitter
- Cardiac MR Center, Cardiology Service, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ruud B. van Heeswijk
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Ruud B. van Heeswijk
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Chow K, Hayes G, Flewitt JA, Feuchter P, Lydell C, Howarth A, Pagano JJ, Thompson RB, Kellman P, White JA. Improved accuracy and precision with three-parameter simultaneous myocardial T 1 and T 2 mapping using multiparametric SASHA. Magn Reson Med 2022; 87:2775-2791. [PMID: 35133018 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop and validate a three-parameter model for improved precision multiparametric SAturation-recovery single-SHot Acquisition (mSASHA) cardiac T1 and T2 mapping with high accuracy in a single breath-hold. METHODS The mSASHA acquisition consists of nine images of variable saturation recovery and T2 preparation in 11 heartbeats with T1 and T2 values calculated using a three-parameter model. It was validated in simulations and phantoms at 3 T with comparison to a four-parameter joint T1 -T2 technique. The mSASHA acquisition was compared with MOLLI, SASHA, and T2 -prepared balanced SSFP in 10 volunteers. RESULTS The mSASHA technique had high accuracy in phantoms compared to spin echo, with -0.2 ± 0.3% T1 error and -2.4 ± 1.3% T2 error. The mSASHA coefficient of variation in phantoms for T1 was similar to MOLLI (0.7 ± 0.2% for both) and T2 -prepared balanced SSFP for T2 (1.3 ± 0.7% vs 1.4 ± 0.3%, adjusted p > .05 for both). In simulations, three-parameter mSASHA had higher precision than four-parameter joint T1 -T2 for both T1 and T2 (46% and 11% reductions in T1 and T2 interquartile range for native myocardium). In vivo myocardial mSASHA T1 was similar to SASHA (1523 ± 18 ms vs 1520 ± 18 ms) with similar coefficient of variation to both MOLLI and SASHA (3.3 ± 0.6% vs 3.1 ± 0.6% and 3.3 ± 0.5% respectively, adjusted p > .05 for all). Myocardial mSASHA T2 was 37.1 ± 1.1 ms with similar precision to T2 -prepared balanced SSFP (6.7 ± 1.7% vs 6.0 ± 1.6%, adjusted p > .05). CONCLUSION Three-parameter mSASHA provides high-accuracy cardiac T1 and T2 quantification in a single breath-hold with similar precision to MOLLI and T2 -prepared balanced SSFP. Further study is required to both establish normative values and demonstrate clinical utility in patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin Chow
- Cardiovascular MR R&D, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Genevieve Hayes
- Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jacqueline A Flewitt
- Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Patricia Feuchter
- Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Carmen Lydell
- Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andrew Howarth
- Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Joseph J Pagano
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Richard B Thompson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Peter Kellman
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - James A White
- Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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8
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Guo H, Lan S, He Y, Tiheiran M, Liu W. Differentiating brucella spondylitis from tuberculous spondylitis by the conventional MRI and MR T2 mapping: a prospective study. Eur J Med Res 2021; 26:125. [PMID: 34711265 PMCID: PMC8555138 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-021-00598-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brucella spondylitis (BS) and tuberculous spondylitis (TS), caused initially by bacteremia, are the two leading types of granulomatous spinal infections. BS is easy to miss or may be misdiagnosed as TS. Our purpose aims to differentiate BS from TS in conventional MR imaging and MR T2 mapping. Methods We performed on 26 BS and 27 TS patients conventional MR imaging and MR T2 mapping. We analyzed the features in conventional MR imaging and measured T2 values of the lesion vertebrae (LV) and unaffected adjacent vertebrae (UAV) in BS and TS patients, respectively. Results There were no significant differences in sex, age, national between BS and TS. There was significantly lower severity of vertebral destruction, vertebral posterior convex deformity, dead bone, and abscess scope in BS when compared to TS (p < 0.001, p = 0.048, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). The vertebral hyperplasia was significantly higher in BS when compared to TS (p < 0.001). The T2 value of the LV with BS was markedly higher than that in the UAV with BS and that in the LV and UAV with TS (p < 0.001, p < 0.037, p < 0.001, respectively). The T2 value of the LV with TS was significantly higher than that of the UAV in TS and BS (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). There were no significant differences in the T2 value of the UAV between BS and TS (p = 0.568). Conclusions The qualitative and quantitative evaluation may differentiate BS from TS. The conventional MR imaging helps to distinguish BS from TS by several distinctive features. MR T2 mapping has the additional potential to provide quantitative information between BS and TS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Guo
- Medical Imaging Center, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated First Hospital, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqin Lan
- Medical Imaging Center, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated First Hospital, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanlin He
- Medical Imaging Center, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated First Hospital, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| | - Maijudan Tiheiran
- Medical Imaging Center, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated First Hospital, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenya Liu
- Medical Imaging Center, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated First Hospital, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China.
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Dorniak K, Di Sopra L, Sabisz A, Glinska A, Roy CW, Gorczewski K, Piccini D, Yerly J, Jankowska H, Fijałkowska J, Szurowska E, Stuber M, van Heeswijk RB. Respiratory Motion-Registered Isotropic Whole-Heart T 2 Mapping in Patients With Acute Non-ischemic Myocardial Injury. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:712383. [PMID: 34660714 PMCID: PMC8511642 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.712383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: T2 mapping is a magnetic resonance imaging technique that can be used to detect myocardial edema and inflammation. However, the focal nature of myocardial inflammation may render conventional 2D approaches suboptimal and make whole-heart isotropic 3D mapping desirable. While self-navigated 3D radial T2 mapping has been demonstrated to work well at a magnetic field strength of 3T, it results in too noisy maps at 1.5T. We therefore implemented a novel respiratory motion-resolved compressed-sensing reconstruction in order to improve the 3D T2 mapping precision and accuracy at 1.5T, and tested this in a heterogeneous patient cohort. Materials and Methods: Nine healthy volunteers and 25 consecutive patients with suspected acute non-ischemic myocardial injury (sarcoidosis, n = 19; systemic sclerosis, n = 2; acute graft rejection, n = 2, and myocarditis, n = 2) were included. The free-breathing T2 maps were acquired as three ECG-triggered T2-prepared 3D radial volumes. A respiratory motion-resolved reconstruction was followed by image registration of the respiratory states and pixel-wise T2 mapping. The resulting 3D maps were compared to routine 2D T2 maps. The T2 values of segments with and without late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) were compared in patients. Results: In the healthy volunteers, the myocardial T2 values obtained with the 2D and 3D techniques were similar (45.8 ± 1.8 vs. 46.8 ± 2.9 ms, respectively; P = 0.33). Conversely, in patients, T2 values did differ between 2D (46.7 ± 3.6 ms) and 3D techniques (50.1 ± 4.2 ms, P = 0.004). Moreover, with the 2D technique, T2 values of the LGE-positive segments were similar to those of the LGE-negative segments (T2LGE-= 46.2 ± 3.7 vs. T2LGE+ = 47.6 ± 4.1 ms; P = 0.49), whereas the 3D technique did show a significant difference (T2LGE- = 49.3 ± 6.7 vs. T2LGE+ = 52.6 ± 8.7 ms, P = 0.006). Conclusion: Respiratory motion-registered 3D radial imaging at 1.5T led to accurate isotropic 3D whole-heart T2 maps, both in the healthy volunteers and in a small patient cohort with suspected non-ischemic myocardial injury. Significantly higher T2 values were found in patients as compared to controls in 3D but not in 2D, suggestive of the technique's potential to increase the sensitivity of CMR at earlier stages of disease. Further study will be needed to demonstrate its accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Dorniak
- Department of Noninvasive Cardiac Diagnostics, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Lorenzo Di Sopra
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Agnieszka Sabisz
- Second Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Glinska
- Second Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Christopher W Roy
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Davide Piccini
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Yerly
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hanna Jankowska
- Department of Noninvasive Cardiac Diagnostics, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Fijałkowska
- Second Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Edyta Szurowska
- Second Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Matthias Stuber
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ruud B van Heeswijk
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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10
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Zhu D, Ding H, Zviman MM, Halperin H, Schär M, Herzka DA. Accelerating whole-heart 3D T2 mapping: Impact of undersampling strategies and reconstruction techniques. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252777. [PMID: 34506496 PMCID: PMC8432823 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aim to determine an advantageous approach for the acceleration of high spatial resolution 3D cardiac T2 relaxometry data by comparing the performance of different undersampling patterns and reconstruction methods over a range of acceleration rates. METHODS Multi-volume 3D high-resolution cardiac images were acquired fully and undersampled retrospectively using 1) optimal CAIPIRINHA and 2) a variable density random (VDR) sampling. Data were reconstructed using 1) multi-volume sensitivity encoding (SENSE), 2) joint-sparsity SENSE and 3) model-based SENSE. Four metrics were calculated on 3 naïve swine and 8 normal human subjects over a whole left-ventricular region of interest: root-mean-square error (RMSE) of image signal intensity, RMSE of T2, the bias of mean T2, and standard deviation (SD) of T2. Fully sampled data and volume-by-volume SENSE with standard equally spaced undersampling were used as references. The Jaccard index calculated from one swine with acute myocardial infarction (MI) was used to demonstrate preservation of segmentation of edematous tissues with elevated T2. RESULTS In naïve swine and normal human subjects, all methods had similar performance when the net reduction factor (Rnet) <2.5. VDR sampling with model-based SENSE showed the lowest RMSEs (10.5%-14.2%) and SDs (+1.7-2.4 ms) of T2 when Rnet>2.5, while VDR sampling with the joint-sparsity SENSE had the lowest bias of mean T2 (0.0-1.1ms) when Rnet>3. The RMSEs of parametric T2 values (9.2%-24.6%) were larger than for image signal intensities (5.2%-18.4%). In the swine with MI, VDR sampling with either joint-sparsity or model-based SENSE showed consistently higher Jaccard index for all Rnet (0.71-0.50) than volume-by-volume SENSE (0.68-0.30). CONCLUSIONS Retrospective exploration of undersampling and reconstruction in 3D whole-heart T2 parametric mapping revealed that maps were more sensitive to undersampling than images, presenting a more stringent limiting factor on Rnet. The combination of VDR sampling patterns with model-based or joint-sparsity SENSE reconstructions were more robust for Rnet>3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Haiyan Ding
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - M. Muz Zviman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine of The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Henry Halperin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michael Schär
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Daniel A. Herzka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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11
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Hu C, Huber S, Nguyen V, Baldassarre L, Mojibian H, Peters D. Fat-saturated dark-blood cardiac T2 mapping in a single breath-hold. Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 81:24-32. [PMID: 34044065 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Conventional cardiac T2 mapping suffers from the partial-voluming effect in the endocardium and epicardium due to the co-presence of intra-cavity blood and epicardial fat. The aim of the study is to develop a novel single-breath-hold Fat-Saturated Dark-Blood (FSDB) cardiac T2-mapping technique to mitigate the partial-voluming and improve T2 accuracy. METHODS The proposed FSDB T2-mapping technique combines T2-prepared bSSFP, a novel use of double inversion-recovery with heart-rate-adaptive TI, and spectrally-selective fat saturation to mitigate partial-voluming from both the blood and fat. FSDB T2 mapping was compared to conventional T2 mapping via simulations, phantom imaging, healthy-subject imaging (n = 8), and patient imaging (n = 7). In the healthy subjects, a high-resolution coplanar anatomical imaging was performed to provide a gold standard for segmentation of endocardium and epicardium. T2 maps were registered to the gold standard image to evaluate any inter-layer T2 difference, which is a surrogate for partial-voluming. RESULTS Simulations and phantom imaging showed that FSDB T2 mapping was accurate in a range of heartrates, off-resonance, and T2 values, and blood/fat reasonably nulled in a range of heartrates. In healthy subjects, FSDB T2 mapping showed similar T2 values over different myocardial layers in all 3 short-axis slices (e.g. basal epicardial/mid-wall/endocardial T2 = 42 ± 2 ms/41 ± 1 ms/42 ± 1 ms), whereas conventional T2 mapping showed considerably increased T2 in the endocardium and epicardium (e.g. basal epicardial/mid-wall/endocardial T2 = 48 ± 3 ms/43 ± 1 ms/49 ± 3 ms). The homogeneous T2 in the FSDB T2 mapping increased the apparent LV-wall thickness by 25-41% compared with the conventional method. CONCLUSIONS The proposed technique improves accuracy of myocardial T2 mapping against partial-voluming associated with both fat and blood, facilitating a multi-layer T2 evaluation of the myocardium. This technique may improve utility of cardiac T2 mapping in diseases affecting the endocardium and epicardium, and in patients with a small heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Hu
- The Institute of Medical Imaging Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU), Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Steffen Huber
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Vinh Nguyen
- Cardiovascular Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, , New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Lauren Baldassarre
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America; Cardiovascular Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, , New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Hamid Mojibian
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Dana Peters
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
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12
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Wilk B, Wisenberg G, Dharmakumar R, Thiessen JD, Goldhawk DE, Prato FS. Hybrid PET/MR imaging in myocardial inflammation post-myocardial infarction. J Nucl Cardiol 2020; 27:2083-2099. [PMID: 31797321 PMCID: PMC7391987 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-019-01973-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid PET/MR imaging is an emerging imaging modality combining positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the same system. Since the introduction of clinical PET/MRI in 2011, it has had some impact (e.g., imaging the components of inflammation in myocardial infarction), but its role could be much greater. Many opportunities remain unexplored and will be highlighted in this review. The inflammatory process post-myocardial infarction has many facets at a cellular level which may affect the outcome of the patient, specifically the effects on adverse left ventricular remodeling, and ultimately prognosis. The goal of inflammation imaging is to track the process non-invasively and quantitatively to determine the best therapeutic options for intervention and to monitor those therapies. While PET and MRI, acquired separately, can image aspects of inflammation, hybrid PET/MRI has the potential to advance imaging of myocardial inflammation. This review contains a description of hybrid PET/MRI, its application to inflammation imaging in myocardial infarction and the challenges, constraints, and opportunities in designing data collection protocols. Finally, this review explores opportunities in PET/MRI: improved registration, partial volume correction, machine learning, new approaches in the development of PET and MRI pulse sequences, and the use of novel injection strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Wilk
- Department of Medical Imaging, Western University, London, Canada.
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada.
- Collaborative Graduate Program in Molecular Imaging, Western University, London, Canada.
| | - G Wisenberg
- Department of Medical Imaging, Western University, London, Canada
- MyHealth Centre, Arva, Canada
| | - R Dharmakumar
- Biomedical Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J D Thiessen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Western University, London, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
- Collaborative Graduate Program in Molecular Imaging, Western University, London, Canada
| | - D E Goldhawk
- Department of Medical Imaging, Western University, London, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
- Collaborative Graduate Program in Molecular Imaging, Western University, London, Canada
| | - F S Prato
- Department of Medical Imaging, Western University, London, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
- Collaborative Graduate Program in Molecular Imaging, Western University, London, Canada
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13
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Nguyen CT, Christodoulou AG, Coll-Font J, Ma S, Xie Y, Reese TG, Mekkaoui C, Lewis GD, Bi X, Sosnovik DE, Li D. Free-breathing diffusion tensor MRI of the whole left ventricle using second-order motion compensation and multitasking respiratory motion correction. Magn Reson Med 2020; 85:2634-2648. [PMID: 33252140 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to develop a novel free-breathing cardiac diffusion tensor MRI (DT-MRI) approach, M2-MT-MOCO, capable of whole left ventricular coverage that leverages second-order motion compensation (M2) diffusion encoding and multitasking (MT) framework to efficiently correct for respiratory motion (MOCO). METHODS Imaging was performed in 16 healthy volunteers and 3 heart failure patients with symptomatic dyspnea. The healthy volunteers were scanned to compare the accuracy of interleaved multislice coverage of the entire left ventricle with a single-slice acquisition and the accuracy of the free-breathing conventional MOCO and MT-MOCO approaches with reference breath-hold DT-MRI. Mean diffusivity (MD), fractional anisotropy (FA), helix angle transmurality (HAT), and intrascan repeatability were quantified and compared. RESULTS In all subjects, free-breathing M2-MT-MOCO DT-MRI yielded DWI of the entire left ventricle without bulk motion-induced signal loss. No significant differences were seen in the global values of MD, FA, and HAT in the multislice and single-slice acquisitions. Furthermore, global quantification of MD, FA, and HAT were also not significantly different between the MT-MOCO and breath-hold, whereas conventional MOCO yielded significant differences in MD, FA, and HAT with MT-MOCO and FA with breath-hold. In heart failure patients, M2-MT-MOCO DT-MRI was feasible yielding higher MD, lower FA, and lower HAT compared with healthy volunteers. Substantial agreement was found between repeated scans across all subjects for MT-MOCO. CONCLUSION M2-MT-MOCO enables free-breathing DT-MRI of the entire left ventricle in 10 min, while preserving quantification of myocardial microstructure compared to breath-held and single-slice acquisitions and is feasible in heart failure patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T Nguyen
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anthony G Christodoulou
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jaume Coll-Font
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sen Ma
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yibin Xie
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Timothy G Reese
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Choukri Mekkaoui
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gregory D Lewis
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Heart Failure Section, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiaoming Bi
- Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - David E Sosnovik
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Debiao Li
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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14
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Guo R, Cai X, Kucukseymen S, Rodriguez J, Paskavitz A, Pierce P, Goddu B, Thompson RB, Nezafat R. Free-breathing simultaneous myocardial T 1 and T 2 mapping with whole left ventricle coverage. Magn Reson Med 2020; 85:1308-1321. [PMID: 33078443 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a free-breathing sequence, that is, Multislice Joint T1 -T2 , for simultaneous measurement of myocardial T1 and T2 for multiple slices to achieve whole left-ventricular coverage. METHODS Multislice Joint T1 -T2 adopts slice-interleaved acquisition to collect 10 single-shot electrocardiogram-triggered images for each slice prepared by saturation and T2 preparation to simultaneously estimate myocardial T1 and T2 and achieve whole left-ventricular coverage. Prospective slice-tracking using a respiratory navigator and retrospective image registration are used to reduce through-plane and in-plane motion, respectively. Multislice Joint T1 -T2 was validated through numerical simulations and phantom and in vivo experiments, and compared with saturation-recovery single-shot acquisition and T2 -prepared balanced Steady-State Free Precession (T2 -prep SSFP) sequences. RESULTS Phantom T1 and T2 from Multislice Joint T1 -T2 had good accuracy and precision, and were insensitive to heart rate. Multislice Joint T1 -T2 yielded T1 and T2 maps of nine left-ventricular slices in 1.4 minutes. The mean left-ventricular T1 difference between saturation-recovery single-shot acquisition and Multislice Joint T1 -T2 across healthy subjects and patients was 191 ms (1564 ± 60 ms versus 1373 ± 50 ms; P < .05) and 111 ms (1535 ± 49 ms vs 1423 ± 49 ms; P < .05), respectively. The mean difference in left-ventricular T2 between T2 -prep SSFP and Multislice Joint T1 -T2 across healthy subjects and patients was -6.3 ms (42.4 ± 1.4 ms vs 48.7 ± 2.5; P < .05) and -5.7 ms (41.6 ± 2.5 ms vs 47.3 ± 2.7; P < .05), respectively. CONCLUSION Multislice Joint T1 -T2 enables quantification of whole left-ventricular T1 and T2 during free breathing within a clinically feasible scan time of less than 2 minutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiaoying Cai
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Selcuk Kucukseymen
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jennifer Rodriguez
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amanda Paskavitz
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patrick Pierce
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Beth Goddu
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Richard B Thompson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Reza Nezafat
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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15
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Yang HJ, Oksuz I, Dey D, Sykes J, Klein M, Butler J, Kovacs MS, Sobczyk O, Cokic I, Slomka PJ, Bi X, Li D, Tighiouart M, Tsaftaris SA, Prato FS, Fisher JA, Dharmakumar R. Accurate needle-free assessment of myocardial oxygenation for ischemic heart disease in canines using magnetic resonance imaging. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/494/eaat4407. [PMID: 31142677 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aat4407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial oxygenation-the ability of blood vessels to supply the heart muscle (myocardium) with oxygen-is a critical determinant of cardiac function. Impairment of myocardial oxygenation is a defining feature of ischemic heart disease (IHD), which is caused by pathological conditions that affect the blood vessels supplying oxygen to the heart muscle. Detecting altered myocardial oxygenation can help guide interventions and prevent acute life-threatening events such as heart attacks (myocardial infarction); however, current diagnosis of IHD relies on surrogate metrics and exogenous contrast agents for which many patients are contraindicated. An oxygenation-sensitive cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) approach used previously to demonstrate that CMR signals can be sensitized to changes in myocardial oxygenation showed limited ability to detect small changes in signals in the heart because of physiologic and imaging noise during data acquisition. Here, we demonstrate a CMR-based approach termed cfMRI [cardiac functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)] that detects myocardial oxygenation. cfMRI uses carbon dioxide for repeat interrogation of the functional capacity of the heart's blood vessels via a fast MRI approach suitable for clinical adoption without limitations of key confounders (cardiac/respiratory motion and heart rate changes). This method integrates multiple whole-heart images within a computational framework to reduce noise, producing confidence maps of alterations in myocardial oxygenation. cfMRI permits noninvasive monitoring of myocardial oxygenation without requiring ionizing radiation, contrast agents, or needles. This has the potential to broaden our ability to noninvasively identify IHD and a diverse spectrum of heart diseases related to myocardial ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Jung Yang
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.,University of California, Los Angeles CA 90095, USA
| | | | - Damini Dey
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.,University of California, Los Angeles CA 90095, USA
| | - Jane Sykes
- Lawson Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Michael Klein
- University of Toronto and University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - John Butler
- Lawson Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Michael S Kovacs
- Lawson Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Olivia Sobczyk
- University of Toronto and University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Ivan Cokic
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Piotr J Slomka
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.,University of California, Los Angeles CA 90095, USA
| | - Xiaoming Bi
- MR R&D Collaborations, Siemens Healthineers, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Debiao Li
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.,University of California, Los Angeles CA 90095, USA
| | | | | | - Frank S Prato
- Lawson Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Joseph A Fisher
- University of Toronto and University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Rohan Dharmakumar
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA. .,University of California, Los Angeles CA 90095, USA
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16
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Milotta G, Bustin A, Jaubert O, Neji R, Prieto C, Botnar RM. 3D whole-heart isotropic-resolution motion-compensated joint T 1 /T 2 mapping and water/fat imaging. Magn Reson Med 2020; 84:3009-3026. [PMID: 32544278 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a free-breathing isotropic-resolution whole-heart joint T1 and T2 mapping sequence with Dixon-encoding that provides coregistered 3D T1 and T2 maps and complementary 3D anatomical water and fat images in a single ~9 min scan. METHODS Four interleaved dual-echo Dixon gradient echo volumes are acquired with a variable density Cartesian trajectory and different preparation pulses: 1) inversion recovery-preparation, 2) and 3) no preparations, and 4) T2 preparation. Image navigators are acquired to correct each echo for 2D translational respiratory motion; the 8 echoes are jointly reconstructed with a low-rank patch-based reconstruction. A water/fat separation algorithm is used to obtain water and fat images for each acquired volume. T1 and T2 maps are generated by matching the signal evolution of the water images to a simulated dictionary. Complementary bright-blood and fat volumes for anatomical visualization are obtained from the T2 -prepared dataset. The proposed sequence was tested in phantom experiments and 10 healthy subjects and compared to standard 2D MOLLI T1 mapping, 2D balance steady-state free precession T2 mapping, and 3D T2 -prepared Dixon coronary MR angiography. RESULTS High linear correlation was found between T1 and T2 quantification with the proposed approach and phantom spin echo measurements (y = 1.1 × -11.68, R2 = 0.98; and y = 0.85 × +5.7, R2 = 0.99). Mean myocardial values of T1 /T2 = 1116 ± 30.5 ms/45.1 ± 2.38 ms were measured in vivo. Biases of T1 /T2 = 101.8 ms/-0.77 ms were obtained compared to standard 2D techniques. CONCLUSION The proposed joint T1 /T2 sequence permitted the acquisition of motion-compensated isotropic-resolution 3D T1 and T2 maps and complementary coronary MR angiography and fat volumes, showing promising results in terms of T1 and T2 quantification and visualization of cardiac anatomy and pericardial fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Milotta
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aurelien Bustin
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Olivier Jaubert
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Radhouene Neji
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,MR Research Collaborations, Siemens Healthcare Limited, Frimley, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Prieto
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - René M Botnar
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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17
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Reindl M, Eitel I, Reinstadler SJ. Role of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance to Improve Risk Prediction Following Acute ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9041041. [PMID: 32272692 PMCID: PMC7231095 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9041041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging allows comprehensive assessment of myocardial function and tissue characterization in a single examination after acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Markers of myocardial infarct severity determined by CMR imaging, especially infarct size and microvascular obstruction, strongly predict recurrent cardiovascular events and mortality. The prognostic information provided by a comprehensive CMR analysis is incremental to conventional risk factors including left ventricular ejection fraction. As such, CMR parameters of myocardial tissue damage are increasingly recognized for optimized risk stratification to further ameliorate the burden of recurrent cardiovascular events in this population. In this review, we provide an overview of the current impact of CMR imaging on optimized risk assessment soon after acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Reindl
- University Clinic of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Angiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Ingo Eitel
- University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II (Cardiology/Angiology/Intensive Care Medicine), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany;
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sebastian Johannes Reinstadler
- University Clinic of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Angiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-512-504-81317; Fax: +43-512-504-22767
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18
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Yang HJ, Dey D, Sykes J, Butler J, Biernaski H, Kovacs M, Bi X, Sharif B, Cokic I, Tang R, Slomka P, Prato FS, Dharmakumar R. Heart Rate-Independent 3D Myocardial Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent MRI at 3.0 T with Simultaneous 13N-Ammonia PET Validation. Radiology 2020; 295:82-93. [PMID: 32096705 PMCID: PMC7106942 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2020191456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Despite advances, blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) cardiac MRI for myocardial perfusion is limited by inadequate spatial coverage, imaging speed, multiple breath holds, and imaging artifacts, particularly at 3.0 T. Purpose To develop and validate a robust, contrast agent-unenhanced, free-breathing three-dimensional (3D) cardiac MRI approach for reliably examining changes in myocardial perfusion between rest and adenosine stress. Materials and Methods A heart rate-independent, free-breathing 3D T2 mapping technique at 3.0 T that can be completed within the period of adenosine stress (≤4 minutes) was developed by using computer simulations, ex vivo heart preparations, and dogs. Studies in dogs were performed with and without coronary stenosis and validated with simultaneously acquired nitrogen 13 (13N) ammonia PET perfusion in a clinical PET/MRI system. The MRI approach was also prospectively evaluated in healthy human volunteers (from January 2017 to September 2017). Myocardial BOLD responses (MBRs) between normal and ischemic myocardium were compared with mixed model analysis. Results Dogs (n = 10; weight range, 20-25 kg; mongrel dogs) and healthy human volunteers (n = 10; age range, 22-53 years; seven men) were evaluated. In healthy dogs, T2 MRI at adenosine stress was greater than at rest (mean rest vs stress, 38.7 msec ± 2.5 [standard deviation] vs 45.4 msec ± 3.3, respectively; MBR, 1.19 ± 0.08; both, P < .001). At the same conditions, mean rest versus stress PET perfusion was 1.1 mL/mg/min ± 0.11 versus 2.3 mL/mg/min ± 0.82, respectively (P < .001); myocardial perfusion reserve (MPR) was 2.4 ± 0.82 (P < .001). The BOLD response and PET MPR were positively correlated (R = 0.67; P < .001). In dogs with coronary stenosis, perfusion anomalies were detected on the basis of MBR (normal vs ischemic, 1.09 ± 0.05 vs 1.00 ± 0.04, respectively; P < .001) and MPR (normal vs ischemic, 2.7 ± 0.08 vs 1.7 ± 1.1, respectively; P < .001). Human volunteers showed increased myocardial T2 at stress (rest vs stress, 44.5 msec ± 2.6 vs 49.0 msec ± 5.5, respectively; P = .004; MBR, 1.1 msec ± 8.08). Conclusion This three-dimensional cardiac blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) MRI approach overcame key limitations associated with conventional cardiac BOLD MRI by enabling whole-heart coverage within the standard duration of adenosine infusion, and increased the magnitude and reliability of BOLD contrast, which may be performed without requiring breath holds. © RSNA, 2020 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Almeida in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Jung Yang
- From the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical
Center, Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, PACT Bldg–Suite 400, 8700
Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048 (H.J.Y., D.D., B.S., I.C., R.T., P.S.,
R.D.); Department of Bioengineering (H.J.Y., R.D.) and David Geffen School of
Medicine (D.D., P.S.), University of California, Los Angeles Calif; Lawson
Health Research Institute, London, Canada (J.S., J.B., H.B., M.K., F.S.P.); and
MR R&D, Siemens Healthcare, Los Angeles, Calif (X.B.)
| | - Damini Dey
- From the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical
Center, Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, PACT Bldg–Suite 400, 8700
Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048 (H.J.Y., D.D., B.S., I.C., R.T., P.S.,
R.D.); Department of Bioengineering (H.J.Y., R.D.) and David Geffen School of
Medicine (D.D., P.S.), University of California, Los Angeles Calif; Lawson
Health Research Institute, London, Canada (J.S., J.B., H.B., M.K., F.S.P.); and
MR R&D, Siemens Healthcare, Los Angeles, Calif (X.B.)
| | - Jane Sykes
- From the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical
Center, Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, PACT Bldg–Suite 400, 8700
Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048 (H.J.Y., D.D., B.S., I.C., R.T., P.S.,
R.D.); Department of Bioengineering (H.J.Y., R.D.) and David Geffen School of
Medicine (D.D., P.S.), University of California, Los Angeles Calif; Lawson
Health Research Institute, London, Canada (J.S., J.B., H.B., M.K., F.S.P.); and
MR R&D, Siemens Healthcare, Los Angeles, Calif (X.B.)
| | - John Butler
- From the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical
Center, Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, PACT Bldg–Suite 400, 8700
Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048 (H.J.Y., D.D., B.S., I.C., R.T., P.S.,
R.D.); Department of Bioengineering (H.J.Y., R.D.) and David Geffen School of
Medicine (D.D., P.S.), University of California, Los Angeles Calif; Lawson
Health Research Institute, London, Canada (J.S., J.B., H.B., M.K., F.S.P.); and
MR R&D, Siemens Healthcare, Los Angeles, Calif (X.B.)
| | - Heather Biernaski
- From the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical
Center, Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, PACT Bldg–Suite 400, 8700
Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048 (H.J.Y., D.D., B.S., I.C., R.T., P.S.,
R.D.); Department of Bioengineering (H.J.Y., R.D.) and David Geffen School of
Medicine (D.D., P.S.), University of California, Los Angeles Calif; Lawson
Health Research Institute, London, Canada (J.S., J.B., H.B., M.K., F.S.P.); and
MR R&D, Siemens Healthcare, Los Angeles, Calif (X.B.)
| | - Michael Kovacs
- From the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical
Center, Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, PACT Bldg–Suite 400, 8700
Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048 (H.J.Y., D.D., B.S., I.C., R.T., P.S.,
R.D.); Department of Bioengineering (H.J.Y., R.D.) and David Geffen School of
Medicine (D.D., P.S.), University of California, Los Angeles Calif; Lawson
Health Research Institute, London, Canada (J.S., J.B., H.B., M.K., F.S.P.); and
MR R&D, Siemens Healthcare, Los Angeles, Calif (X.B.)
| | - Xiaoming Bi
- From the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical
Center, Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, PACT Bldg–Suite 400, 8700
Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048 (H.J.Y., D.D., B.S., I.C., R.T., P.S.,
R.D.); Department of Bioengineering (H.J.Y., R.D.) and David Geffen School of
Medicine (D.D., P.S.), University of California, Los Angeles Calif; Lawson
Health Research Institute, London, Canada (J.S., J.B., H.B., M.K., F.S.P.); and
MR R&D, Siemens Healthcare, Los Angeles, Calif (X.B.)
| | - Behzad Sharif
- From the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical
Center, Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, PACT Bldg–Suite 400, 8700
Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048 (H.J.Y., D.D., B.S., I.C., R.T., P.S.,
R.D.); Department of Bioengineering (H.J.Y., R.D.) and David Geffen School of
Medicine (D.D., P.S.), University of California, Los Angeles Calif; Lawson
Health Research Institute, London, Canada (J.S., J.B., H.B., M.K., F.S.P.); and
MR R&D, Siemens Healthcare, Los Angeles, Calif (X.B.)
| | - Ivan Cokic
- From the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical
Center, Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, PACT Bldg–Suite 400, 8700
Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048 (H.J.Y., D.D., B.S., I.C., R.T., P.S.,
R.D.); Department of Bioengineering (H.J.Y., R.D.) and David Geffen School of
Medicine (D.D., P.S.), University of California, Los Angeles Calif; Lawson
Health Research Institute, London, Canada (J.S., J.B., H.B., M.K., F.S.P.); and
MR R&D, Siemens Healthcare, Los Angeles, Calif (X.B.)
| | - Richard Tang
- From the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical
Center, Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, PACT Bldg–Suite 400, 8700
Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048 (H.J.Y., D.D., B.S., I.C., R.T., P.S.,
R.D.); Department of Bioengineering (H.J.Y., R.D.) and David Geffen School of
Medicine (D.D., P.S.), University of California, Los Angeles Calif; Lawson
Health Research Institute, London, Canada (J.S., J.B., H.B., M.K., F.S.P.); and
MR R&D, Siemens Healthcare, Los Angeles, Calif (X.B.)
| | - Piotr Slomka
- From the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical
Center, Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, PACT Bldg–Suite 400, 8700
Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048 (H.J.Y., D.D., B.S., I.C., R.T., P.S.,
R.D.); Department of Bioengineering (H.J.Y., R.D.) and David Geffen School of
Medicine (D.D., P.S.), University of California, Los Angeles Calif; Lawson
Health Research Institute, London, Canada (J.S., J.B., H.B., M.K., F.S.P.); and
MR R&D, Siemens Healthcare, Los Angeles, Calif (X.B.)
| | - Frank S. Prato
- From the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical
Center, Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, PACT Bldg–Suite 400, 8700
Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048 (H.J.Y., D.D., B.S., I.C., R.T., P.S.,
R.D.); Department of Bioengineering (H.J.Y., R.D.) and David Geffen School of
Medicine (D.D., P.S.), University of California, Los Angeles Calif; Lawson
Health Research Institute, London, Canada (J.S., J.B., H.B., M.K., F.S.P.); and
MR R&D, Siemens Healthcare, Los Angeles, Calif (X.B.)
| | - Rohan Dharmakumar
- From the Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical
Center, Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, PACT Bldg–Suite 400, 8700
Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048 (H.J.Y., D.D., B.S., I.C., R.T., P.S.,
R.D.); Department of Bioengineering (H.J.Y., R.D.) and David Geffen School of
Medicine (D.D., P.S.), University of California, Los Angeles Calif; Lawson
Health Research Institute, London, Canada (J.S., J.B., H.B., M.K., F.S.P.); and
MR R&D, Siemens Healthcare, Los Angeles, Calif (X.B.)
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19
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Milotta G, Ginami G, Bustin A, Neji R, Prieto C, Botnar RM. 3D Whole-heart free-breathing qBOOST-T2 mapping. Magn Reson Med 2019; 83:1673-1687. [PMID: 31631378 PMCID: PMC7004111 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop an accelerated motion corrected 3D whole-heart imaging approach (qBOOST-T2) for simultaneous high-resolution bright- and black-blood cardiac MR imaging and quantitative myocardial T2 characterization. METHODS Three undersampled interleaved balanced steady-state free precession cardiac MR volumes were acquired with a variable density Cartesian trajectory and different magnetization preparations: (1) T2-prepared inversion recovery (T2prep-IR), (2) T2-preparation, and (3) no preparation. Image navigators were acquired prior the acquisition to correct for 2D translational respiratory motion. Each 3D volume was reconstructed with a low-rank patch-based reconstruction. The T2prep-IR volume provides bright-blood anatomy visualization, the black-blood volume is obtained by means of phase sensitive reconstruction between first and third datasets, and T2 maps are generated by matching the signal evolution to a simulated dictionary. The proposed sequence has been evaluated in simulations, phantom experiments, 11 healthy subjects and compared with 3D bright-blood cardiac MR and standard 2D breath-hold balanced steady-state free precession T2 mapping. The feasibility of the proposed approach was tested on 4 patients with suspected cardiovascular disease. RESULTS High linear correlation (y = 1.09 × -0.83, R2 = 0.99) was found between the proposed qBOOST-T2 and T2 spin echo measurements in phantom experiment. Good image quality was observed in vivo with the proposed 4x undersampled qBOOST-T2. Mean T2 values of 53.1 ± 2.1 ms and 55.8 ± 2.7 ms were measured in vivo for 2D balanced steady-state free precession T2 mapping and qBOOST-T2, respectively, with linear correlation of y = 1.02x+1.46 (R2 = 0.61) and T2 bias = 2.7 ms. CONCLUSION The proposed qBOOST-T2 sequence allows the acquisition of 3D high-resolution co-registered bright- and black-blood volumes and T2 maps in a single scan of ~11 min, showing promising results in terms of T2 quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Milotta
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giulia Ginami
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aurelien Bustin
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Radhouene Neji
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,MR Research Collaborations, Siemens Healthcare Limited, Frimley, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Prieto
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - René M Botnar
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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20
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Bustin A, Milotta G, Ismail TF, Neji R, Botnar RM, Prieto C. Accelerated free-breathing whole-heart 3D T 2 mapping with high isotropic resolution. Magn Reson Med 2019; 83:988-1002. [PMID: 31535729 PMCID: PMC6899588 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To enable free‐breathing whole‐heart 3D T2 mapping with high isotropic resolution in a clinically feasible and predictable scan time. This 3D motion‐corrected undersampled signal matched (MUST) T2 map is achieved by combining an undersampled motion‐compensated T2‐prepared Cartesian acquisition with a high‐order patch‐based reconstruction. Methods The 3D MUST‐T2 mapping acquisition consists of an electrocardiogram‐triggered, T2‐prepared, balanced SSFP sequence with nonselective saturation pulses. Three undersampled T2‐weighted volumes are acquired using a 3D Cartesian variable‐density sampling with increasing T2 preparation times. A 2D image‐based navigator is used to correct for respiratory motion of the heart and allow 100% scan efficiency. Multicontrast high‐dimensionality undersampled patch‐based reconstruction is used in concert with dictionary matching to generate 3D T2 maps. The proposed framework was evaluated in simulations, phantom experiments, and in vivo (10 healthy subjects, 2 patients) with 1.5‐mm3 isotropic resolution. Three‐dimensional MUST‐T2 was compared against standard multi‐echo spin‐echo sequence (phantom) and conventional breath‐held single‐shot 2D SSFP T2 mapping (in vivo). Results Three‐dimensional MUST‐T2 showed high accuracy in phantom experiments (R2 > 0.99). The precision of T2 values was similar for 3D MUST‐T2 and 2D balanced SSFP T2 mapping in vivo (5 ± 1 ms versus 4 ± 2 ms, P = .52). Slightly longer T2 values were observed with 3D MUST‐T2 in comparison to 2D balanced SSFP T2 mapping (50.7 ± 2 ms versus 48.2 ± 1 ms, P < .05). Preliminary results in patients demonstrated T2 values in agreement with literature values. Conclusion The proposed approach enables free‐breathing whole‐heart 3D T2 mapping with high isotropic resolution in about 8 minutes, achieving accurate and precise T2 quantification of myocardial tissue in a clinically feasible scan time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Bustin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giorgia Milotta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tevfik F Ismail
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Radhouene Neji
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,MR Research Collaborations, Siemens Healthcare, Frimley, United Kingdom
| | - René M Botnar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Prieto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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21
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Ibanez B, Aletras AH, Arai AE, Arheden H, Bax J, Berry C, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Croisille P, Dall'Armellina E, Dharmakumar R, Eitel I, Fernández-Jiménez R, Friedrich MG, García-Dorado D, Hausenloy DJ, Kim RJ, Kozerke S, Kramer CM, Salerno M, Sánchez-González J, Sanz J, Fuster V. Cardiac MRI Endpoints in Myocardial Infarction Experimental and Clinical Trials: JACC Scientific Expert Panel. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019; 74:238-256. [PMID: 31296297 PMCID: PMC7363031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
After a reperfused myocardial infarction (MI), dynamic tissue changes occur (edema, inflammation, microvascular obstruction, hemorrhage, cardiomyocyte necrosis, and ultimately replacement by fibrosis). The extension and magnitude of these changes contribute to long-term prognosis after MI. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is the gold-standard technique for noninvasive myocardial tissue characterization. CMR is also the preferred methodology for the identification of potential benefits associated with new cardioprotective strategies both in experimental and clinical trials. However, there is a wide heterogeneity in CMR methodologies used in experimental and clinical trials, including time of post-MI scan, acquisition protocols, and, more importantly, selection of endpoints. There is a need for standardization of these methodologies to improve the translation into a real clinical benefit. The main objective of this scientific expert panel consensus document is to provide recommendations for CMR endpoint selection in experimental and clinical trials based on pathophysiology and its association with hard outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Ibanez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain; Cardiology Department, IIS Fundación Jiménez Díaz Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Anthony H Aletras
- Laboratory of Computing, Medical Informatics and Biomedical-Imaging Technologies, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Clinical Physiology, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Andrew E Arai
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Hakan Arheden
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Clinical Physiology, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jeroen Bax
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Colin Berry
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, and Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Bucciarelli-Ducci
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol NIHR Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Bristol and University Hospitals Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Pierre Croisille
- University Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, INSA, CNRS UMR 5520, INSERM U1206, CREATIS, F-42023, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Erica Dall'Armellina
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Rohan Dharmakumar
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ingo Eitel
- University Heart Center Lübeck, Medical Clinic II (Cardiology/Angiology/Intensive Care Medicine) and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Fernández-Jiménez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain; Cardiology Department, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Matthias G Friedrich
- Departments of Medicine & Diagnostic Radiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David García-Dorado
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain; Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, Universtat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore; The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, and The National Institute of Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, Research & Development, London, United Kingdom; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Centro de Biotecnologia-FEMSA, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Raymond J Kim
- Duke Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Center, Division of Cardiology, and Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Sebastian Kozerke
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christopher M Kramer
- Departments of Medicine and Radiology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Michael Salerno
- Departments of Medicine and Radiology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | | | - Javier Sanz
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; Cardiology Department, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Valentin Fuster
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; Cardiology Department, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
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22
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Bulluck H, Dharmakumar R, Arai AE, Berry C, Hausenloy DJ. Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in Acute ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Recent Advances, Controversies, and Future Directions. Circulation 2019; 137:1949-1964. [PMID: 29712696 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.030693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although mortality after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (MI) is on the decline, the number of patients developing heart failure as a result of MI is on the rise. Apart from timely reperfusion by primary percutaneous coronary intervention, there is currently no established therapy for reducing MI size. Thus, new cardioprotective therapies are required to improve clinical outcomes after ST-segment-elevation MI. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance has emerged as an important imaging modality for assessing the efficacy of novel therapies for reducing MI size and preventing subsequent adverse left ventricular remodeling. The recent availability of multiparametric mapping cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging has provided new insights into the pathophysiology underlying myocardial edema, microvascular obstruction, intramyocardial hemorrhage, and changes in the remote myocardial interstitial space after ST-segment-elevation MI. In this article, we provide an overview of the recent advances in cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in reperfused patients with ST-segment-elevation MI, discuss the controversies surrounding its use, and explore future applications of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heerajnarain Bulluck
- Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (H.B., D.J.H.).,Royal Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (H.B.)
| | - Rohan Dharmakumar
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute and Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (R.D.).,Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (R.D.)
| | - Andrew E Arai
- Laboratory for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD (A.E.A.)
| | - Colin Berry
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (C.B.)
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (H.B., D.J.H.). .,National Institute of Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom (D.J.H.).,Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, United Kingdom (D.J.H.).,National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore (D.J.H.).,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore (D.J.H.).,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore (D.J.H.)
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23
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Munoz C, Neji R, Kunze KP, Nekolla SG, Botnar RM, Prieto C. Respiratory- and cardiac motion-corrected simultaneous whole-heart PET and dual phase coronary MR angiography. Magn Reson Med 2019; 81:1671-1684. [PMID: 30320931 PMCID: PMC6492195 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a framework for efficient and simultaneous acquisition of motion-compensated whole-heart coronary MR angiography (CMRA) and left ventricular function by MR and myocardial integrity by PET on a 3T PET-MR system. METHODS An acquisition scheme based on a dual-phase CMRA sequence acquired simultaneously with cardiac PET data has been developed. The framework is integrated with a motion-corrected image reconstruction approach, so that non-rigid respiratory and cardiac deformation fields estimated from MR images are used to correct both the CMRA (respiratory motion correction for each cardiac phase) and the PET data (respiratory and cardiac motion correction). The proposed approach was tested in a cohort of 8 healthy subjects and 6 patients with coronary artery disease. Left ventricular (LV) function estimated from motion-corrected dual-phase CMRA was compared to the gold standard estimated from a stack of 2D CINE images for the healthy subjects. Relative increase of signal in motion-corrected PET images compared to uncorrected images was computed for standard 17-segment polar maps for each patient. RESULTS Motion-corrected dual-phase CMRA images allow for visualization of the coronary arteries in both systole and diastole for all healthy subjects and cardiac patients. LV functional indices from healthy subjects result in good agreement with the reference method, underestimating stroke volume by 3.07 ± 3.26 mL and ejection fraction by 0.30 ± 1.01%. Motion correction improved delineation of the myocardium in PET images, resulting in an increased 18 F-FDG signal of up to 28% in basal segments of the myocardial wall compared to uncorrected images. CONCLUSION The proposed motion-corrected dual-phase CMRA and cardiac PET produces co-registered good quality images in both modalities in a single efficient examination of ~13 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Munoz
- King’s College London, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Radhouene Neji
- King’s College London, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesLondonUnited Kingdom
- Siemens Healthcare, MR Research CollaborationsFrimleyUnited Kingdom
| | - Karl P. Kunze
- Technische Universität München, Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und PoliklinikMunichGermany
| | - Stephan G. Nekolla
- Technische Universität München, Nuklearmedizinische Klinik und PoliklinikMunichGermany
- DZHK (Deutsches Zentrum für Herz‐Kreislauf‐Forschung e.V.), partner site Munich Heart AllianceMunichGermany
| | - Rene M. Botnar
- King’s College London, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesLondonUnited Kingdom
- Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Escuela de IngenieriaSantiagoChile
| | - Claudia Prieto
- King’s College London, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesLondonUnited Kingdom
- Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Escuela de IngenieriaSantiagoChile
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24
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Chen L, Wei Z, Chan K, Cai S, Liu G, Lu H, Wong PC, van Zijl PCM, Li T, Xu J. Protein aggregation linked to Alzheimer's disease revealed by saturation transfer MRI. Neuroimage 2019; 188:380-390. [PMID: 30553917 PMCID: PMC6401270 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study was to develop a molecular biomarker for the detection of protein aggregation involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) by exploiting the features of the water saturation transfer spectrum (Z-spectrum), the CEST signal of which is sensitive to the molecular configuration of proteins. A radial-sampling steady-state sequence based ultrashort echo time (UTE) readout was implemented to image the Z-spectrum in the mouse brain, especially the contributions from mobile proteins at the frequency offsets for the composite protein amide proton (+3.6 ppm) and aliphatic proton (-3.6 ppm) signals. Using a relatively weak radiofrequency (RF) saturation amplitude, contributions due to strong magnetization transfer contrast (MTC) from solid-like macromolecules and direct water saturation (DS) were minimized. For practical measure of the changes in the mobile protein configuration, we defined a saturation transfer difference (ΔST) by subtracting the Z-spectral signals at ±3.6 ppm from a control signal at 8 ppm. Phantom studies of glutamate solution, protein (egg white) and hair conditioner show the capability of the proposed scheme to minimize the contributions from amine protons, DS, and MTC, respectively. The ST signal at ±3.6 ppm of the cross-linked bovine serum albumin (BSA) solutions demonstrated that the ΔST signal can be used to monitor the aggregation process of the mobile proteins. High-resolution ΔST images of AD mouse brains at ±3.6 ppm of mouse brains showed significantly reduced ΔST (-3.6) signal compared to the age-matched wild-type (WT) mice. Thus, this signal has potential to serve as a molecular biomarker for monitoring protein aggregation in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zhiliang Wei
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kannie Chan
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuhui Cai
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Guanshu Liu
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Philip C. Wong
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter C. M. van Zijl
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jiadi Xu
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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25
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Weller DS, Wang L, Mugler JP, Meyer CH. Motion-compensated reconstruction of magnetic resonance images from undersampled data. Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 55:36-45. [PMID: 30213754 PMCID: PMC6242755 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging of patients who find difficulty lying still or holding their breath can be challenging. Unresolved intra-frame motion yields blurring artifacts and limits spatial resolution. To correct for intra-frame non-rigid motion, such as in pediatric body imaging, this paper describes a multi-scale technique for joint estimation of the motion occurring during the acquisition and of the desired uncorrupted image. This technique regularizes the motion coefficients to enforce invertibility and minimize numerical instability. This multi-scale approach takes advantage of variable-density sampling patterns used in accelerated imaging to resolve large motion from a coarse scale. The resulting method improves image quality for a set of two-dimensional reconstructions from data simulated with independently generated deformations, with statistically significant increases in both peak signal to error ratio and structural similarity index. These improvements are consistent across varying undersampling factors and severities of motion and take advantage of the variable density sampling pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luonan Wang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.
| | - John P Mugler
- University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
| | - Craig H Meyer
- University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
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26
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Guo R, Chen Z, Herzka DA, Luo J, Ding H. A three‐dimensional free‐breathing sequence for simultaneous myocardial T
1
and T
2
mapping. Magn Reson Med 2018; 81:1031-1043. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Zhensen Chen
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Daniel A. Herzka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland
- Cardiovascular Interventional Program, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland
| | - Jianwen Luo
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Haiyan Ding
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine Tsinghua University Beijing China
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27
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Wang C, Jang J, Neisius U, Nezafat M, Fahmy A, Kang J, Rodriguez J, Goddu B, Pierce P, Berg S, Zhang J, Wang X, Nezafat R. Black blood myocardial T 2 mapping. Magn Reson Med 2018; 81:153-166. [PMID: 30058162 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a black blood heart-rate adaptive T2 -prepared balanced steady-state free-precession (BEATS) sequence for myocardial T2 mapping. METHODS In BEATS, blood suppression is achieved by using a combination of preexcitation and double inversion recovery pulses. The timing and flip angles of the preexcitation pulse are auto-calculated in each patient based on heart rate. Numerical simulations, phantom studies, and in vivo studies were conducted to evaluate the performance of BEATS. BEATS T2 maps were acquired in 36 patients referred for clinical cardiac MRI and in 1 swine with recent myocardial infarction. Two readers assessed all images acquired in patients to identify the presence of artifacts associated with slow blood flow. RESULTS Phantom experiments showed that the BEATS sequence provided accurate T2 values over a wide range of simulated heart rates. Black blood myocardial T2 maps were successfully obtained in all subjects. No significant difference was found between the average T2 measurements obtained from the BEATS and conventional bright-blood T2 ; however, there was a decrease in precision using the BEATS sequence. A suppression of the blood pool resulted in sharper definition of the blood-myocardium border and reduced partial voluming effect. The subjective assessment showed that 16% (18 out of 108) of short-axis slices have residual blood artifacts (12 in the apical slice, 4 in the midventricular slice, and 2 in the basal slice). CONCLUSION The BEATS sequence yields dark blood myocardial T2 maps with better definition of the blood-myocardium border. Further studies are warranted to evaluate diagnostic accuracy of black blood T2 mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyan Wang
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jihye Jang
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Computer Science, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulf Neisius
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maryam Nezafat
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ahmed Fahmy
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Biomedical Engineering Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Jinkyu Kang
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer Rodriguez
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Beth Goddu
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Patrick Pierce
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sophie Berg
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jue Zhang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Reza Nezafat
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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28
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Darçot E, Yerly J, Colotti R, Masci PG, Chaptinel J, Feliciano H, Bianchi V, van Heeswijk RB. Accelerated and high-resolution cardiac T 2 mapping through peripheral k-space sharing. Magn Reson Med 2018; 81:220-233. [PMID: 30058085 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop high-spatial-resolution cardiac T2 mapping that allows for a reduced acquisition time while maintaining its precision. We implemented and optimized a new golden-angle radial T2 mapping technique named SKRATCH (Shared k-space Radial T2 Characterization of the Heart) that shares k-space peripheries of T2 -weighted images while preserving their contrasts. METHODS Six SKRATCH variants (gradient-recalled echo and balanced SSFP, free-breathing and breath-held, with and without a saturation preparation) were implemented, and their precision was compared with a navigator-gated reference technique in phantoms and 22 healthy volunteers at 3 T. The optimal breath-held SKRATCH technique was applied in a small cohort of patients with subacute myocardial infarction. RESULTS The faster free-breathing SKRATCH technique reduced the acquisition time by 52.4%, while maintaining the precision and spatial resolution of the reference technique. Similarly, the most precise and robust breath-held SKRATCH technique demonstrated homogenous T2 values that did not significantly differ from the navigator-gated reference (T2 = 39.9 ± 3.4 ms versus 39.5 ± 3.4 ms, P > .20, respectively). All infarct patients demonstrated a large T2 elevation in the ischemic regions of the myocardium. CONCLUSION The optimized SKRATCH technique enabled the accelerated acquisition of high-spatial-resolution T2 maps, was validated in healthy adult volunteers, and was successfully applied to a small initial group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Darçot
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Yerly
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Colotti
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pier Giorgio Masci
- Center for Cardiac Magnetic Resonance, Cardiology Service, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jerome Chaptinel
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Helene Feliciano
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Veronica Bianchi
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ruud B van Heeswijk
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland
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29
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Keerthivasan MB, Mandava S, Johnson K, Avery R, Janardhanan R, Martin DR, Bilgin A, Altbach MI. A multi-band double-inversion radial fast spin-echo technique for T2 cardiovascular magnetic resonance mapping of the heart. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2018; 20:49. [PMID: 30025523 PMCID: PMC6052643 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-018-0470-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Double inversion recovery (DIR) fast spin-echo (FSE) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) sequences are used clinically for black-blood T2-weighted imaging. However, these sequences suffer from slice inefficiency due to the non-selective inversion pulses. We propose a multi-band (MB) encoded DIR radial FSE (MB-DIR-RADFSE) technique to simultaneously excite two slices. This sequence has improved signal-to-noise ratio per unit time compared to a single slice excitation. It is also motion robust and enables the reconstruction of high-resolution black-blood T2-weighted images and T2 maps for the excited slices. METHODS Hadamard encoded MB pulses were used in MB-DIR-RADFSE to simultaneously excite two slices. A principal component based iterative reconstruction was used to jointly reconstruct black-blood T2-weighted images and T2 maps. Phantom and in vivo experiments were performed to evaluate T2 mapping performance and results were compared to a T2-prepared balanced steady state free precession (bSSFP) method. The inter-segment variability of the T2 maps were assessed using data acquired on healthy subjects. A reproducibility study was performed to evaluate reproducibility of the proposed technique. RESULTS Phantom experiments show that the T2 values estimated from MB-DIR-RADFSE are comparable to the spin-echo based reference, while T2-prepared bSSFP over-estimated T2 values. The relative contrast of the black-blood images from the multi-band scheme was comparable to those from a single slice acquisition. The myocardial segment analysis on 8 healthy subjects indicated a significant difference (p-value < 0.01) in the T2 estimates from the apical slice when compared to the mid-ventricular slice. The mean T2 estimate from 12 subjects obtained using T2-prepared bSSFP was significantly higher (p-value = 0.012) compared to MB-DIR-RADFSE, consistent with the phantom results. The Bland-Altman analysis showed excellent reproducibility between the MB-DIR-RADFSE measurements, with a mean T2 difference of 0.12 ms and coefficient of reproducibility of 2.07 in 15 clinical subjects. The utility of this technique is demonstrated in two subjects where the T2 maps show elevated values in regions of pathology. CONCLUSIONS The use of multi-band pulses for excitation improves the slice efficiency of the double inversion fast spin-echo pulse sequence. The use of a radial trajectory and a joint reconstruction framework allows reconstruction of TE images and T2 maps for the excited slices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Bharath Keerthivasan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA
| | - Sagar Mandava
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA
| | | | - Ryan Avery
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA
| | | | - Diego R. Martin
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA
| | - Ali Bilgin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA
| | - Maria I. Altbach
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA
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31
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Chen F, Zhang T, Cheng JY, Shi X, Pauly JM, Vasanawala SS. Autocalibrating motion-corrected wave-encoding for highly accelerated free-breathing abdominal MRI. Magn Reson Med 2017; 78:1757-1766. [PMID: 27943402 PMCID: PMC5466545 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a motion-robust wave-encoding technique for highly accelerated free-breathing abdominal MRI. METHODS A comprehensive 3D wave-encoding-based method was developed to enable fast free-breathing abdominal imaging: (a) auto-calibration for wave-encoding was designed to avoid extra scan for coil sensitivity measurement; (b) intrinsic butterfly navigators were used to track respiratory motion; (c) variable-density sampling was included to enable compressed sensing; (d) golden-angle radial-Cartesian hybrid view-ordering was incorporated to improve motion robustness; and (e) localized rigid motion correction was combined with parallel imaging compressed sensing reconstruction to reconstruct the highly accelerated wave-encoded datasets. The proposed method was tested on six subjects and image quality was compared with standard accelerated Cartesian acquisition both with and without respiratory triggering. Inverse gradient entropy and normalized gradient squared metrics were calculated, testing whether image quality was improved using paired t-tests. RESULTS For respiratory-triggered scans, wave-encoding significantly reduced residual aliasing and blurring compared with standard Cartesian acquisition (metrics suggesting P < 0.05). For non-respiratory-triggered scans, the proposed method yielded significantly better motion correction compared with standard motion-corrected Cartesian acquisition (metrics suggesting P < 0.01). CONCLUSION The proposed methods can reduce motion artifacts and improve overall image quality of highly accelerated free-breathing abdominal MRI. Magn Reson Med 78:1757-1766, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyu Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Joseph Y. Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Xinwei Shi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - John M. Pauly
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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32
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Anderson CE, Wang CY, Gu Y, Darrah R, Griswold MA, Yu X, Flask CA. Regularly incremented phase encoding - MR fingerprinting (RIPE-MRF) for enhanced motion artifact suppression in preclinical cartesian MR fingerprinting. Magn Reson Med 2017; 79:2176-2182. [PMID: 28796368 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The regularly incremented phase encoding-magnetic resonance fingerprinting (RIPE-MRF) method is introduced to limit the sensitivity of preclinical MRF assessments to pulsatile and respiratory motion artifacts. METHODS As compared to previously reported standard Cartesian-MRF methods (SC-MRF), the proposed RIPE-MRF method uses a modified Cartesian trajectory that varies the acquired phase-encoding line within each dynamic MRF dataset. Phantoms and mice were scanned without gating or triggering on a 7T preclinical MRI scanner using the RIPE-MRF and SC-MRF methods. In vitro phantom longitudinal relaxation time (T1 ) and transverse relaxation time (T2 ) measurements, as well as in vivo liver assessments of artifact-to-noise ratio (ANR) and MRF-based T1 and T2 mean and standard deviation, were compared between the two methods (n = 5). RESULTS RIPE-MRF showed significant ANR reductions in regions of pulsatility (P < 0.005) and respiratory motion (P < 0.0005). RIPE-MRF also exhibited improved precision in T1 and T2 measurements in comparison to the SC-MRF method (P < 0.05). The RIPE-MRF and SC-MRF methods displayed similar mean T1 and T2 estimates (difference in mean values < 10%). CONCLUSION These results show that the RIPE-MRF method can provide effective motion artifact suppression with minimal impact on T1 and T2 accuracy for in vivo small animal MRI studies. Magn Reson Med 79:2176-2182, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian E Anderson
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Charlie Y Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Yuning Gu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Rebecca Darrah
- Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Mark A Griswold
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Chris A Flask
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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34
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Nguyen C, Fan Z, Xie Y, Pang J, Speier P, Bi X, Kobashigawa J, Li D. In vivo diffusion-tensor MRI of the human heart on a 3 tesla clinical scanner: An optimized second order (M2) motion compensated diffusion-preparation approach. Magn Reson Med 2016; 76:1354-1363. [PMID: 27550078 PMCID: PMC5067209 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To optimize a diffusion-prepared balanced steady-state free precession cardiac MRI (CMR) technique to perform diffusion-tensor CMR (DT-CMR) in humans on a 3 Tesla clinical scanner METHODS: A previously developed second order motion compensated (M2) diffusion-preparation scheme was significantly shortened (40%) yielding sufficient signal-to-noise ratio for DT-CMR imaging. In 20 healthy volunteers and 3 heart failure (HF) patients, DT-CMR was performed comparing no motion compensation (M0), first order motion compensation (M1), and the optimized M2. Mean diffusivity (MD), fractional anisotropy (FA), helix angle (HA), and HA transmural slope (HATS) were calculated. Reproducibility and success rate (SR) were investigated. RESULTS M2-derived left ventricular (LV) MD, FA, and HATS (1.4 ± 0.2 μm2 /ms, 0.28 ± 0.06, -1.0 ± 0.2 °/%trans) were significantly (P < 0.001) less than M1 (1.8 ± 0.3 μm2 /ms, 0.46 ± 0.14, -0.1 ± 0.3 °/%trans) and M0 (4.8 ± 1.0 μm2 /ms, 0.70 ± 0.14, 0.1 ± 0.3 °/%trans) indicating less motion corruption and yielding values more consistent with previous literature. M2-derived DT-CMR parameters had higher reproducible (ICC > 0.85) and SR (82%) than M1 (ICC = 0.20-0.85; SR = 37%) and M0 (ICC = 0.20-0.30; SR = 11%). M2 DT-CMR was able to yield HA maps with smooth transmural transition from endocardium to epicardium. CONCLUSION The proposed M2 DT-CMR reproducibly yielded bulk motion robust estimations of mean LV MD, FA, HA, and HATS on a 3T clinical scanner. Magn Reson Med 76:1354-1363, 2016. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Nguyen
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Zhaoyang Fan
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yibin Xie
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jianing Pang
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Xiaoming Bi
- Siemens Healthcare, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jon Kobashigawa
- Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Debiao Li
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
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Contijoch F, Iyer SK, Pilla JJ, Yushkevich P, Gorman JH, Gorman RC, Litt H, Han Y, Witschey WRT. Self-gated MRI of multiple beat morphologies in the presence of arrhythmias. Magn Reson Med 2016; 78:678-688. [PMID: 27579717 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Develop self-gated MRI for distinct heartbeat morphologies in subjects with arrhythmias. METHODS Golden angle radial data was obtained in seven sinus and eight arrhythmias subjects. An image-based cardiac navigator was derived from single-shot images, distinct beat types were identified, and images were reconstructed for repeated morphologies. Image sharpness, contrast, and volume variation were quantified and compared with self-gated MRI. Images were scored for image quality and artifacts. Hemodynamic parameters were computed for each distinct beat morphology in bigeminy and trigeminy subjects and for sinus beats in patients with infrequent premature ventricular contractions. RESULTS Images of distinct beat types were reconstructed except for two patients with infrequent premature ventricular contractions. Image contrast and sharpness were similar to sinus self-gated images (contrast = 0.45 ± 0.13 and 0.43 ± 0.15; sharpness = 0.21 ± 0.11 and 0.20 ± 0.05). Visual scoring was highest in self-gated images (4.1 ± 0.3) compared with real-time (3.9 ± 0.4) and ECG-gated cine (3.4 ± 1.5). ECG-gated cine had less artifacts than self-gating (2.3 ± 0.7 and 2.1 ± 0.2), but was affected by misgating in two subjects. Among arrhythmia subjects, post-extrasystole/sinus (58.1 ± 8.6 mL) and interrupted sinus (61.4 ± 5.9 mL) stroke volume was higher than extrasystole (32.0 ± 16.5 mL; P < 0.02). CONCLUSION Self-gated imaging can reconstruct images during ectopy and allowed for quantification of hemodynamic function of different beat morphologies. Magn Reson Med 78:678-688, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Contijoch
- School of Medicine, University of California - San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Srikant Kamesh Iyer
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - James J Pilla
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Paul Yushkevich
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joseph H Gorman
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert C Gorman
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Harold Litt
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yuchi Han
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Walter R T Witschey
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Basha TA, Bellm S, Roujol S, Kato S, Nezafat R. Free-breathing slice-interleaved myocardial T2 mapping with slice-selective T2 magnetization preparation. Magn Reson Med 2016; 76:555-65. [PMID: 26479866 PMCID: PMC4837110 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop and evaluate a free-breathing slice-interleaved T2 mapping sequence by proposing a new slice-selective T2 magnetization preparation (T2 prep) sequence that allows interleaved data acquisition for different slices in subsequent heartbeats. METHODS We developed a slice-selective T2 prep for myocardial T2 mapping by adding slice-selective gradients to a conventional single-slice T2 prep sequence. In this sequence, five slices are acquired during five consecutive heartbeats, each using a slice-selective T2 prep. The scheme was repeated four times using different T2 prep echo times. We compared the performance of the proposed slice-interleaved T2 mapping sequence and the conventional single-slice T2 mapping sequence in term of accuracy, precision, and reproducibility using phantom experiments and in vivo imaging in 10 healthy subjects. We also evaluated the feasibility of the proposed sequence in 28 patients with cardiovascular disease, and the quality of the maps was scored subjectively. Furthermore, we investigated the impact of through-plane motion by comparing T2 measurements acquired during end-systole versus mid-diastole. RESULTS T2 measurements using a slice-interleaved T2 mapping sequence were correlated with a spin echo (r(2) = 0.88) and single-slice T2 mapping sequence (r(2) = 0.98). The mean myocardial T2 values were correlated between slice-interleaved (48 ms) and single-slice (51 ms) T2 mapping sequences. Subjective scores of T2 map quality were good to excellent in 81% of the maps in patients. There was no difference in T2 measurements between end-systole versus mid-diastole. CONCLUSIONS The proposed free-breathing slice-interleaved T2 mapping sequence allows T2 measurements of five left ventricular slices in 20 heartbeats with similar reproducibility and precision as the single-slice T2 mapping sequence but with a four-fold reduction in acquisition time. Magn Reson Med 76:555-565, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamer A. Basha
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Steven Bellm
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sébastien Roujol
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Shingo Kato
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Reza Nezafat
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Bevilacqua M, Dharmakumar R, Tsaftaris SA. Dictionary-Driven Ischemia Detection From Cardiac Phase-Resolved Myocardial BOLD MRI at Rest. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2016; 35:282-93. [PMID: 26292338 PMCID: PMC4883113 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2015.2470075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac Phase-resolved Blood-Oxygen-Level Dependent (CP-BOLD) MRI provides a unique opportunity to image an ongoing ischemia at rest. However, it requires post-processing to evaluate the extent of ischemia. To address this, here we propose an unsupervised ischemia detection (UID) method which relies on the inherent spatio-temporal correlation between oxygenation and wall motion to formalize a joint learning and detection problem based on dictionary decomposition. Considering input data of a single subject, it treats ischemia as an anomaly and iteratively learns dictionaries to represent only normal observations (corresponding to myocardial territories remote to ischemia). Anomaly detection is based on a modified version of One-class Support Vector Machines (OCSVM) to regulate directly the margins by incorporating the dictionary-based representation errors. A measure of ischemic extent (IE) is estimated, reflecting the relative portion of the myocardium affected by ischemia. For visualization purposes an ischemia likelihood map is created by estimating posterior probabilities from the OCSVM outputs, thus obtaining how likely the classification is correct. UID is evaluated on synthetic data and in a 2D CP-BOLD data set from a canine experimental model emulating acute coronary syndromes. Comparing early ischemic territories identified with UID against infarct territories (after several hours of ischemia), we find that IE, as measured by UID, is highly correlated (Pearson's r=0.84) with respect to infarct size. When advances in automated registration and segmentation of CP-BOLD images and full coverage 3D acquisitions become available, we hope that this method can enable pixel-level assessment of ischemia with this truly non-invasive imaging technique.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rohan Dharmakumar
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical, CA, USA
| | - Sotirios A. Tsaftaris
- IMT Institute for Advanced Studies Lucca, Italy and the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University, IL, USA
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Nguyen C, Lu M, Fan Z, Bi X, Kellman P, Zhao S, Li D. Contrast-free detection of myocardial fibrosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients with diffusion-weighted cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2015; 17:107. [PMID: 26631061 PMCID: PMC4668676 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-015-0214-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Previous studies have shown that diffusion-weighted cardiovascular magnetic resonance (DW-CMR) is highly sensitive to replacement fibrosis of chronic myocardial infarction. Despite this sensitivity to myocardial infarction, DW-CMR has not been established as a method to detect diffuse myocardial fibrosis. We propose the application of a recently developed DW-CMR technique to detect diffuse myocardial fibrosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients and compare its performance with established CMR techniques. METHODS HCM patients (N = 23) were recruited and scanned with the following protocol: standard morphological localizers, DW-CMR, extracellular volume (ECV) CMR, and late gadolinium enhanced (LGE) imaging for reference. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and ECV maps were segmented into 6 American Heart Association (AHA) segments. Positive regions for myocardial fibrosis were defined as: ADC > 2.0 μm(2)/ms and ECV > 30%. Fibrotic and non-fibrotic mean ADC and ECV values were compared as well as ADC-derived and ECV-derived fibrosis burden. In addition, fibrosis regional detection was compared between ADC and ECV calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) using ECV as the gold-standard reference. RESULTS ADC (2.4 ± 0.2 μm(2)/ms) of fibrotic regions (ADC > 2.0 μm(2)/ms) was significantly (p < 0.01) higher than ADC (1.5 ± 0.2 μm(2)/ms) of non-fibrotic regions. Similarly, ECV (35 ± 4%) of fibrotic regions (ECV > 30%) was significantly (p < 0.01) higher than ECV (26 ± 2%) of non-fibrotic regions. In fibrotic regions defined by ECV, ADC (2.2 ± 0.3 μm(2)/ms) was again significantly (p < 0.05) higher than ADC (1.6 ± 0.3 μm(2)/ms) of non-fibrotic regions. In fibrotic regions defined by ADC criterion, ECV (34 ± 5%) was significantly (p < 0.01) higher than ECV (28 ± 3%) in non-fibrotic regions. ADC-derived and ECV-derived fibrosis burdens were in substantial agreement (intra-class correlation = 0.83). Regional detection between ADC and ECV of diffuse fibrosis yielded substantial agreement (κ = 0.66) with high sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy (0.80, 0.85, 0.81, 0.85, and 0.83, respectively). CONCLUSION DW-CMR is sensitive to diffuse myocardial fibrosis and is capable of characterizing the extent of fibrosis in HCM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Nguyen
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Minjie Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China.
- National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhaoyang Fan
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Xiaoming Bi
- MR R&D, Siemens Healthcare, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Peter Kellman
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Shihua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China.
- National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Debiao Li
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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