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Benavente ED, Hartman RJG, Sakkers TR, Wesseling M, Sloots Y, Slenders L, Boltjes A, Mol BM, de Borst GJ, de Kleijn DPV, Prange KHM, de Winther MPJ, Kuiper J, Civelek M, van der Laan SW, Horvath S, Onland-Moret C, Mokry M, Pasterkamp G, den Ruijter HM. Atherosclerotic Plaque Epigenetic Age Acceleration Predicts a Poor Prognosis and Is Associated With Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Humans. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024. [PMID: 38634280 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.320692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic age estimators (clocks) are predictive of human mortality risk. However, it is not yet known whether the epigenetic age of atherosclerotic plaques is predictive for the risk of cardiovascular events. METHODS Whole-genome DNA methylation of human carotid atherosclerotic plaques (n=485) and of blood (n=93) from the Athero-Express endarterectomy cohort was used to calculate epigenetic age acceleration (EAA). EAA was linked to clinical characteristics, plaque histology, and future cardiovascular events (n=136). We studied whole-genome DNA methylation and bulk and single-cell transcriptomics to uncover molecular mechanisms of plaque EAA. We experimentally confirmed our in silico findings using in vitro experiments in primary human coronary endothelial cells. RESULTS Male and female patients with severe atherosclerosis had a median chronological age of 69 years. The median epigenetic age was 65 years in females (median EAA, -2.2 [interquartile range, -4.3 to 2.2] years) and 68 years in males (median EAA, -0.3 [interquartile range, -2.9 to 3.8] years). Patients with diabetes and a high body mass index had higher plaque EAA. Increased EAA of plaque predicted future events in a 3-year follow-up in a Cox regression model (univariate hazard ratio, 1.7; P=0.0034) and adjusted multivariate model (hazard ratio, 1.56; P=0.02). Plaque EAA predicted outcome independent of blood EAA (hazard ratio, 1.3; P=0.018) and of plaque hemorrhage (hazard ratio, 1.7; P=0.02). Single-cell RNA sequencing in plaque samples from 46 patients in the same cohort revealed smooth muscle and endothelial cells as important cell types in plaque EAA. Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition was associated with EAA, which was experimentally confirmed by TGFβ-triggered endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition inducing rapid epigenetic aging in coronary endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Plaque EAA is a strong and independent marker of poor outcome in patients with severe atherosclerosis. Plaque EAA was linked to mesenchymal endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition was associated with EAA, which was experimentally validated. Epigenetic aging mechanisms may provide new targets for treatments that reduce atherosclerosis complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Diez Benavente
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (E.D.B., R.J.G.H., T.R.S., Y.S., M.M., H.M.d.R.)
| | - Robin J G Hartman
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (E.D.B., R.J.G.H., T.R.S., Y.S., M.M., H.M.d.R.)
| | - Tim R Sakkers
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (E.D.B., R.J.G.H., T.R.S., Y.S., M.M., H.M.d.R.)
| | - Marian Wesseling
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (M.W., L.S., A.B., S.W.v.d.L., M.M., G.P.)
| | - Yannicke Sloots
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (E.D.B., R.J.G.H., T.R.S., Y.S., M.M., H.M.d.R.)
| | - Lotte Slenders
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (M.W., L.S., A.B., S.W.v.d.L., M.M., G.P.)
| | - Arjan Boltjes
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (M.W., L.S., A.B., S.W.v.d.L., M.M., G.P.)
| | - Barend M Mol
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (B.M.M., G.J.d.B., D.P.V.d.K.)
| | - Gert J de Borst
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (B.M.M., G.J.d.B., D.P.V.d.K.)
| | - Dominique P V de Kleijn
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (B.M.M., G.J.d.B., D.P.V.d.K.)
| | - Koen H M Prange
- Division of Biotherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, the Netherlands (K.H.M.P., M.P.J.d.W., J.K.)
| | - Menno P J de Winther
- Division of Biotherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, the Netherlands (K.H.M.P., M.P.J.d.W., J.K.)
| | - Johan Kuiper
- Division of Biotherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, the Netherlands (K.H.M.P., M.P.J.d.W., J.K.)
| | - Mete Civelek
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville. (M.C.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville. (M.C.)
| | - Sander W van der Laan
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (M.W., L.S., A.B., S.W.v.d.L., M.M., G.P.)
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles. (S.H.)
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles. (S.H.)
- Altos Labs, Cambridge Institute of Science, United Kingdom (S.H.)
| | - Charlotte Onland-Moret
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (C.O.-M.)
| | - Michal Mokry
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (E.D.B., R.J.G.H., T.R.S., Y.S., M.M., H.M.d.R.)
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (M.W., L.S., A.B., S.W.v.d.L., M.M., G.P.)
| | - Gerard Pasterkamp
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (M.W., L.S., A.B., S.W.v.d.L., M.M., G.P.)
| | - Hester M den Ruijter
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (E.D.B., R.J.G.H., T.R.S., Y.S., M.M., H.M.d.R.)
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Forrester SN, Baek J, Hou L, Roger V, Kiefe CI. A Comparison of 5 Measures of Accelerated Biological Aging and Their Association With Incident Cardiovascular Disease: The CARDIA Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e032847. [PMID: 38606769 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.032847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accelerated biological aging is an increasingly popular way to track the acceleration of biology over time that may not be captured by calendar time. Biological aging has been linked to external and internal chronic stressors and has the potential to be used clinically to understand a person's personalized functioning and predict future disease. We compared the association of different measures of biological aging and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) overall and by race. METHODS AND RESULTS We used multiple informants models to compare the strength of clinical marker-derived age acceleration, 5 measures of epigenetic age acceleration (intrinsic and extrinsic epigenetic age acceleration, GrimAge acceleration, and PhenoAge acceleration), and 1 established clinical predictor of future CVD, Framingham 10-year risk score, with incident CVD over an 11-year period (2007-2018). Participants were 913 self-identified Black or White (41% and 59%, respectively) female or male (51% and 49%, respectively) individuals enrolled in the US-based CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) cohort study. The analytic baseline for this study was the 20-year follow-up examination (2005-2006; median age 45 years). We also included race-specific analysis. We found that all measures were modestly correlated with one another. However, clinical marker-derived age acceleration and Framingham 10-year risk score were more strongly associated with incident CVD than all the epigenetic measures. Clinical marker-derived age acceleration and Framingham 10-year risk score were not significantly different than one another in their association with incident CVD. CONCLUSIONS The type of accelerated aging measure should be taken into consideration when comparing their association with clinical outcomes. A multisystem clinical composite shows associations with incident CVD equally to a well-known clinical predictor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N Forrester
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School Worcester MA
| | - Jonggyu Baek
- Division of Biostatistics and Health Services, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School Worcester MA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago IL
| | - Veronique Roger
- Laboratory of Heart Disease Phenomics National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Bethesda MD
| | - Catarina I Kiefe
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School Worcester MA
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Xu T, Zhao K, Hu Y, Li L, Wang W, Wang F, Zhou Y, Li J. Transferable non-invasive modal fusion-transformer (NIMFT) for end-to-end hand gesture recognition. J Neural Eng 2024; 21:026034. [PMID: 38565124 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ad39a5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Objective.Recent studies have shown that integrating inertial measurement unit (IMU) signals with surface electromyographic (sEMG) can greatly improve hand gesture recognition (HGR) performance in applications such as prosthetic control and rehabilitation training. However, current deep learning models for multimodal HGR encounter difficulties in invasive modal fusion, complex feature extraction from heterogeneous signals, and limited inter-subject model generalization. To address these challenges, this study aims to develop an end-to-end and inter-subject transferable model that utilizes non-invasively fused sEMG and acceleration (ACC) data.Approach.The proposed non-invasive modal fusion-transformer (NIMFT) model utilizes 1D-convolutional neural networks-based patch embedding for local information extraction and employs a multi-head cross-attention (MCA) mechanism to non-invasively integrate sEMG and ACC signals, stabilizing the variability induced by sEMG. The proposed architecture undergoes detailed ablation studies after hyperparameter tuning. Transfer learning is employed by fine-tuning a pre-trained model on new subject and a comparative analysis is performed between the fine-tuning and subject-specific model. Additionally, the performance of NIMFT is compared to state-of-the-art fusion models.Main results.The NIMFT model achieved recognition accuracies of 93.91%, 91.02%, and 95.56% on the three action sets in the Ninapro DB2 dataset. The proposed embedding method and MCA outperformed the traditional invasive modal fusion transformer by 2.01% (embedding) and 1.23% (fusion), respectively. In comparison to subject-specific models, the fine-tuning model exhibited the highest average accuracy improvement of 2.26%, achieving a final accuracy of 96.13%. Moreover, the NIMFT model demonstrated superiority in terms of accuracy, recall, precision, and F1-score compared to the latest modal fusion models with similar model scale.Significance.The NIMFT is a novel end-to-end HGR model, utilizes a non-invasive MCA mechanism to integrate long-range intermodal information effectively. Compared to recent modal fusion models, it demonstrates superior performance in inter-subject experiments and offers higher training efficiency and accuracy levels through transfer learning than subject-specific approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiang Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, People's Republic of China
- The Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Theranostics Technology and Instruments, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunkun Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, People's Republic of China
- The Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Theranostics Technology and Instruments, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiang Hu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, People's Republic of China
- The Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Theranostics Technology and Instruments, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, People's Republic of China
- The Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Theranostics Technology and Instruments, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, People's Republic of China
- The Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Theranostics Technology and Instruments, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Fulin Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, People's Republic of China
- Nanjing PANDA Electronics Equipment Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210033, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Zhou
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, People's Republic of China
- The Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Theranostics Technology and Instruments, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqing Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, People's Republic of China
- The Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Theranostics Technology and Instruments, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, People's Republic of China
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Liu TT, Wong EC, Bolar DS, Chen C, Barnes RS. A mathematical model for velocity-selective arterial spin labeling. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:1384-1403. [PMID: 38181170 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To present a theoretical framework that rigorously defines and analyzes key concepts and quantities for velocity selective arterial spin labeling (VSASL). THEORY AND METHODS An expression for the VSASL arterial delivery function is derived based on (1) labeling and saturation profiles as a function of velocity and (2) physiologically plausible approximations of changes in acceleration and velocity across the vascular system. The dependence of labeling efficiency on the amplitude and effective bolus width of the arterial delivery function is defined. Factors that affect the effective bolus width are examined, and timing requirements to minimize quantitation errors are derived. RESULTS The model predicts that a flow-dependent negative bias in the effective bolus width can occur when velocity selective inversion (VSI) is used for the labeling module and velocity selective saturation (VSS) is used for the vascular crushing module. The bias can be minimized by choosing a nominal labeling cutoff velocity that is lower than the nominal cutoff velocity of the vascular crushing module. CONCLUSION The elements of the model are specified in a general fashion such that future advances can be readily integrated. The model can facilitate further efforts to understand and characterize the performance of VSASL and provide critical theoretical insights that can be used to design future experiments and develop novel VSASL approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas T Liu
- Center for Functional MRI, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Eric C Wong
- Center for Functional MRI, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Divya S Bolar
- Center for Functional MRI, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Conan Chen
- Center for Functional MRI, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ryan S Barnes
- Center for Functional MRI, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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Campoy L, Martin-Flores M, Araos J, Parry SA, Gleed RD. A newly developed recovery-enhancing device improves recovery scores during emergence from general anesthesia in horses: a randomized trial. Am J Vet Res 2024:1-6. [PMID: 38479106 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.24.02.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the quality of recovery in horses emerging from general anesthesia with or without the assistance of a novel device (recovery-enhancing device [RED]) designed to minimize high-energy falls. ANIMALS 20 mixed-breed horses, between July 1, 2023, and January 24, 2024. METHODS A computer-controlled belay system designed to slow the acceleration of a horse during a fall was evaluated in this study. Horses were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups: RED (belay, assisted) or FREE (unassisted). An inertia-measuring unit was fitted to all horses and data were live streamed and recorded onto a computer for further analysis. Recoveries were scored using the composite grading scale (CGS; 0 to 100) by 3 independent observers. Two additional unitless recovery scores (RS and RS'), based on accelerometry values (high accelerations, less desirable), were calculated for each recovery. All the recovery scores were compared between the 2 treatment groups. RESULTS Composite grading scale scores were 26 ± 10 and 46 ± 13 in the RED and FREE groups, respectively (P = .001). The RS was 120 ± 79 and 198 ± 34 for the RED and FREE treatment groups, respectively (P = .015). The RS' was 32 (7 to 50) and 46 (28 to 44) for the RED and FREE treatment groups, respectively (P = .038). CLINICAL RELEVANCE The RED improves the recovery scores compared with unassisted recoveries. This device may lead to a potential reduction in the number and severity of injuries in horses and personnel involved during the recovery period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Campoy
- Section of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Manuel Martin-Flores
- Section of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Joaquin Araos
- Section of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Stephen A Parry
- Cornell Statistical Consulting Unit, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Robin D Gleed
- Section of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
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Modena R, Schena F. External training load and performance recovery after small-sided games in soccer: Insights for return-to-play management. AIMS Public Health 2024; 11:315-329. [PMID: 38617408 PMCID: PMC11007412 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2024016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The return-to-play process' characteristics can vary by injury and sport type but are typically composed of phases of different durations, training targets, and intensities that gradually increase the physiological and mechanical load. In team sports, contact drills are a necessary part of the last phases of this process, and they should be planned using the optimal mechanical load. The present study investigated the external load and kinetic recovery in U19 soccer players performing 6vs6 and 3vs3 small-sided games. A global positioning system (GPS) measured external load metrics. The rate of perceived exertion (RPE) was registered at the end. Total quality of recovery (TQR) was collected at the beginning of the training session and after 24 h. Moreover, before and after the small-sided games (SSGs) and at 24 h, delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) of the legs, sprinting time, and vertical jump height (CMJ) were collected. 6vs6 presented higher values in total distance low-, moderate-, high, and very-high-speed distance, and maximum speed (p < 0.05). However, 3vs3 showed higher number of sprints, acceleration, and deceleration at different intensities. Furthermore, no difference was shown in RPE. The effect of fatigue on sprint seems greater for 6vs6, showing an impairment persistent at 24 h (p < 0.05). Moreover, CMJ height was impaired after 6vs6 and at 24 h (p < 0.05) but did not change after 3vs3 (p > 0.05). DOMS values after SSGs and at 24 h were higher than baseline for both conditions (p < 0.05), while TQR decreased at 24 h in both conditions (p < 0.05). Based on our results, it seems that 6vs6, leading to a greater high-speed running distance, might cause a training load that needs more time to recover. This point may be crucial in a return-to-play process, especially when hamstring muscles are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Modena
- CeRiSM, Sport Mountain and Health Research Center, University of Verona, Rovereto, Italy
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Care, Molde University College, Molde, Norway
| | - Federico Schena
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Care, Molde University College, Molde, Norway
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Ralph-Nearman C, Osborn KD, Chang RS, Barber KE. Momentary physiological indices related to eating disorders: A systematic and methodological review. Eur Eat Disord Rev 2024. [PMID: 38446505 DOI: 10.1002/erv.3062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Eating disorders (ED) are serious psychiatric illnesses, with no everyday support to intervene on the high rates of relapse. Understanding physiological indices that can be measured by wearable sensor technologies may provide new momentary interventions for individuals with ED. This systematic review, searching large databases, synthesises studies investigating peripheral physiological (PP) indices commonly included in wearable wristbands (heart rate [HR], heart rate variability [HRV], electrodermal activity [EDA], peripheral skin temperature [PST], and acceleration) in ED. Inclusion criteria included: (a) full peer-reviewed empirical articles in English; (b) human participants with active ED; and (c) containing one of five wearable physiological measures. Kmet risk of bias was assessed. Ninety-four studies were included (Anorexia nervosa [AN; N = 4418], bulimia nervosa [BN; N = 916], binge eating disorder [BED; N = 1604], other specified feeding and eating disorders [OSFED; N = 424], and transdiagnostic [N = 47]). Participants with AN displayed lower HR and EDA and higher HRV compared to healthy individuals. Those with BN showed higher HRV, and lower EDA and PST compared to healthy individuals. Other ED and Transdiagnostic samples showed mixed results. PP differences are indicated through various assessments in ED, which may suggest diagnostic associations, although more studies are needed to validate observed patterns. Results suggest important therapeutic potential for PP in ED, and larger studies including diverse participants and diagnostic groups are needed to fully uncover their role in ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Ralph-Nearman
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Kimberly D Osborn
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- School of Community Health Sciences, Counseling and Counseling Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Rose Seoyoung Chang
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kathryn E Barber
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Psychology, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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Horiuchi M, Nagahara R. Acute effects of caffeine supplementation on kinematics and kinetics of sprinting. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2024; 34:e14595. [PMID: 38458991 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
We investigated the acute effects of caffeine supplementation (6 mg・kg-1 ) on 60-m sprint performance and underlying components with a step-to-step ground reaction force measurement in 13 male sprinters. After the first round sprint as a control, caffeine supplementation-induced improvement in 60-m sprint times (7.811 s at the first versus 7.648 s at the second round, 2.05%) were greater compared with the placebo condition (7.769 s at the first versus 7.768 s at the second round, 0.02%). Using average values for every four steps, in the caffeine condition, higher running speed (all six step groups), higher step frequency (5th-16th and 21st-24th step groups), shorter support time (all the step groups except for 13th-16th step) and shorter braking time (9th-24th step groups) were found. Regarding ground reaction forces variables, greater braking mean force (13th-19th step group), propulsive mean force (1st-12th and 17th-20th step groups), and effective vertical mean force (9th-12th step group) were found in the caffeine condition. For the block clearance phase at the sprint start, push-off and reaction times did not change, while higher total anteroposterior mean force, average horizontal external power, and ratio of force were found in the caffeine condition. These results indicate that, compared with placebo, acute caffeine supplementation improved sprint performance regardless of sprint sections during the entire acceleration phase from the start through increases in step frequency with decreases in support time. Moreover, acute caffeine supplementation promoted increases in the propulsive mean force, resulting in the improvement of sprint performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Horiuchi
- Faculty of Sports and Life Science, National Institute of Fitness and Sports in KANOYA, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ryu Nagahara
- Faculty of Sport and Budo Coaching Studies, National Institute of Fitness and Sports in KANOYA Shiromizu-1, Kagoshima, Japan
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Phan MH, Jörges B, Harris LR, Kingdom FAA. A visual bias for falling objects. Perception 2024; 53:197-207. [PMID: 38304970 PMCID: PMC10858620 DOI: 10.1177/03010066241228681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Aristotle believed that objects fell at a constant velocity. However, Galileo Galilei showed that when an object falls, gravity causes it to accelerate. Regardless, Aristotle's claim raises the possibility that people's visual perception of falling motion might be biased away from acceleration towards constant velocity. We tested this idea by requiring participants to judge whether a ball moving in a simulated naturalistic setting appeared to accelerate or decelerate as a function of its motion direction and the amount of acceleration/deceleration. We found that the point of subjective constant velocity (PSCV) differed between up and down but not between left and right motion directions. The PSCV difference between up and down indicated that more acceleration was needed for a downward-falling object to appear at constant velocity than for an upward "falling" object. We found no significant differences in sensitivity to acceleration for the different motion directions. Generalized linear mixed modeling determined that participants relied predominantly on acceleration when making these judgments. Our results support the idea that Aristotle's belief may in part be due to a bias that reduces the perceived magnitude of acceleration for falling objects, a bias not revealed in previous studies of the perception of visual motion.
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Alsino HI, Kheshfeh MN, Hajeer MY, Burhan AS, Alkhouri I, Al-Ibrahim HM, Abou Nassar JN. Dental and Periodontal Changes After Accelerated Correction of Lower Anterior Teeth Crowding With Periodontally Accelerated Osteogenic Orthodontics (PAOO) Procedure: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Cureus 2024; 16:e57347. [PMID: 38559538 PMCID: PMC10981966 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the relative efficacy of periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO) compared to conventional fixed appliances in correcting lower anterior teeth crowding using a non-extraction treatment approach. Material and methods A single-center, two-arm, parallel-group randomized controlled trial was conducted on 38 patients (9 males, 29 females) with moderate crowding. These patients did not require premolar extraction and were randomly allocated into two treatment groups: the PAOO group and the conventional orthodontic treatment group. The Little Irregularity Index (LII) measured crowding intensity on pre-treatment study models. Changes in this index were recorded monthly in both treatment groups. The inter-canine width, inter-second-premolar width, plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and papillary bleeding index (PBI) were also measured before and after the leveling and alignment stage. Statistical analysis between the two groups was performed using Mann-Whitney U tests. Results For the LII, the average time for irregularity resolution was three months in the PAOO group, compared to five months in the conventional orthodontic treatment group. Regarding changes in inter-second-premolar width, the PAOO procedure led to a significant decrease in the increase of inter-second-premolar width, with an average increase of +1.52 mm compared to +2.71 mm in the control group. For the GI and PBI, it was found that their values significantly increased with PAOO application, averaging 0.18 and 0.17, respectively, compared to 0.05 and 0.07 in the control group. Conclusions The use of PAOO in orthodontic treatment accelerated the leveling and alignment process by 40%. Changes in the inter-canine width, the inter-second-premolar width, and the status of periodontal tissues were minimal and clinically negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hallaj I Alsino
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Damascus, Damascus, SYR
| | - Mohammad N Kheshfeh
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Damascus, Damascus, SYR
| | - Mohammad Y Hajeer
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Damascus, Damascus, SYR
| | - Ahmad S Burhan
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Damascus, Damascus, SYR
| | - Issam Alkhouri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Damascus, Damascus, SYR
| | - Heba M Al-Ibrahim
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Damascus, Damascus, SYR
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11
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Mochurad L. Implementation and analysis of a parallel kalman filter algorithm for lidar localization based on CUDA technology. Front Robot AI 2024; 11:1341689. [PMID: 38371349 PMCID: PMC10869572 DOI: 10.3389/frobt.2024.1341689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Navigation satellite systems can fail to work or work incorrectly in a number of conditions: signal shadowing, electromagnetic interference, atmospheric conditions, and technical problems. All of these factors can significantly affect the localization accuracy of autonomous driving systems. This emphasizes the need for other localization technologies, such as Lidar. Methods: The use of the Kalman filter in combination with Lidar can be very effective in various applications due to the synergy of their capabilities. The Kalman filter can improve the accuracy of lidar measurements by taking into account the noise and inaccuracies present in the measurements. Results: In this paper, we propose a parallel Kalman algorithm in three-dimensional space to speed up the computational speed of Lidar localization. At the same time, the initial localization accuracy of the latter is preserved. A distinctive feature of the proposed approach is that the Kalman localization algorithm itself is parallelized, rather than the process of building a map for navigation. The proposed algorithm allows us to obtain the result 3.8 times faster without compromising the localization accuracy, which was 3% for both cases, making it effective for real-time decision-making. Discussion: The reliability of this result is confirmed by a preliminary theoretical estimate of the acceleration rate based on Ambdahl's law. Accelerating the Kalman filter with CUDA for Lidar localization can be of significant practical value, especially in real-time and in conditions where large amounts of data from Lidar sensors need to be processed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesia Mochurad
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine
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12
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Xie L, Zhang X. Dynamic Leadership Mechanism in Homing Pigeon Flocks. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:88. [PMID: 38392134 PMCID: PMC10887064 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9020088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, an increasing number of studies have focused on exploring the principles and mechanisms underlying the emergence of collective intelligence in biological populations, aiming to provide insights for human society and the engineering field. Pigeon flock behavior garners significant attention as a subject of study. Collective homing flight is a commonly observed behavioral pattern in pigeon flocks. The study analyzes GPS data during the homing process and utilizes acceleration information, which better reflects the flock's movement tendencies during turns, to describe the leadership relationships within the group. By examining the evolution of acceleration during turning, the study unveils a dynamic leadership mechanism before and after turns, employing a more intricate dynamic model to depict the flock's motion. Specifically, during stable flight, pigeon flocks tend to rely on fixed leaders to guide homing flight, whereas during turns, individuals positioned in the direction of the flock's turn experience a notable increase in their leadership status. These findings suggest the existence of a dynamic leadership mechanism within pigeon flocks, enabling adaptability and stability under diverse flight conditions. From an engineering perspective, this leadership mechanism may offer novel insights for coordinating industrial multi-robot systems and controlling drone formations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xie
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
- Engineering Research Center of Digital Community, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiangyin Zhang
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
- Engineering Research Center of Digital Community, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100124, China
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13
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Mateu V, Sundara M. Constraints on Acceleration in Bilingual Development: Evidence from Word Segmentation by Spanish Learning Infants. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:108. [PMID: 38392461 PMCID: PMC10886195 DOI: 10.3390/bs14020108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that bilingual Spanish and English-learning infants can segment English iambs, two-syllable words with final stress (e.g., guiTAR), earlier than their monolingual peers. This is consistent with accelerated development in bilinguals and was attributed to bilingual infants' increased exposure to iambs through Spanish; about 10% of English content words start with an unstressed syllable, compared to 40% in Spanish. Here, we evaluated whether increased exposure to a stress pattern alone is sufficient to account for acceleration in bilingual infants. In English, 90% of content words start with a stressed syllable (e.g., KINGdom), compared to 60% in Spanish. However, we found no evidence for accelerated segmentation of Spanish trochees by Spanish-English bilingual infants compared to their monolingual Spanish-learning peers. Based on this finding, we argue that merely increased exposure to a linguistic feature in one language does not result in accelerated development in the other. Instead, only the acquisition of infrequent patterns in one language may be accelerated due to the additive effects of the other language.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Mateu
- Department of Spanish and Portuguese, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Megha Sundara
- Department of Linguistics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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14
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Murray V, Siddiq S, Crane C, El Homsi M, Kim TH, Wu C, Otazo R. Movienet: Deep space-time-coil reconstruction network without k-space data consistency for fast motion-resolved 4D MRI. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:600-614. [PMID: 37849064 PMCID: PMC10842259 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a novel deep learning approach for 4D-MRI reconstruction, named Movienet, which exploits space-time-coil correlations and motion preservation instead of k-space data consistency, to accelerate the acquisition of golden-angle radial data and enable subsecond reconstruction times in dynamic MRI. METHODS Movienet uses a U-net architecture with modified residual learning blocks that operate entirely in the image domain to remove aliasing artifacts and reconstruct an unaliased motion-resolved 4D image. Motion preservation is enforced by sorting the input image and reference for training in a linear motion order from expiration to inspiration. The input image was collected with a lower scan time than the reference XD-GRASP image used for training. Movienet is demonstrated for motion-resolved 4D MRI and motion-resistant 3D MRI of abdominal tumors on a therapeutic 1.5T MR-Linac (1.5-fold acquisition acceleration) and diagnostic 3T MRI scanners (2-fold and 2.25-fold acquisition acceleration for 4D and 3D, respectively). Image quality was evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively by expert clinical readers. RESULTS The reconstruction time of Movienet was 0.69 s (4 motion states) and 0.75 s (10 motion states), which is substantially lower than iterative XD-GRASP and unrolled reconstruction networks. Movienet enables faster acquisition than XD-GRASP with similar overall image quality and improved suppression of streaking artifacts. CONCLUSION Movienet accelerates data acquisition with respect to compressed sensing and reconstructs 4D images in less than 1 s, which would enable an efficient implementation of 4D MRI in a clinical setting for fast motion-resistant 3D anatomical imaging or motion-resolved 4D imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Murray
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Syed Siddiq
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christopher Crane
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Maria El Homsi
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tae-Hyung Kim
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Can Wu
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ricardo Otazo
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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15
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Spieker EL, Dvorani A, Salchow-Hömmen C, Otto C, Ruprecht K, Wenger N, Schauer T. Targeting Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation Using a Supervised Machine Learning Approach Based on Mechanomyography. Sensors (Basel) 2024; 24:634. [PMID: 38276326 PMCID: PMC10818383 DOI: 10.3390/s24020634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) provides a promising therapy option for individuals with injured spinal cords and multiple sclerosis patients with spasticity and gait deficits. Before the therapy, the examiner determines a suitable electrode position and stimulation current for a controlled application. For that, amplitude characteristics of posterior root muscle (PRM) responses in the electromyography (EMG) of the legs to double pulses are examined. This laborious procedure holds potential for simplification due to time-consuming skin preparation, sensor placement, and required expert knowledge. Here, we investigate mechanomyography (MMG) that employs accelerometers instead of EMGs to assess muscle activity. A supervised machine-learning classification approach was implemented to classify the acceleration data into no activity and muscular/reflex responses, considering the EMG responses as ground truth. The acceleration-based calibration procedure achieved a mean accuracy of up to 87% relative to the classical EMG approach as ground truth on a combined cohort of 11 healthy subjects and 11 patients. Based on this classification, the identified current amplitude for the tSCS therapy was in 85%, comparable to the EMG-based ground truth. In healthy subjects, where both therapy current and position have been identified, 91% of the outcome matched well with the EMG approach. We conclude that MMG has the potential to make the tuning of tSCS feasible in clinical practice and even in home use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eira Lotta Spieker
- Department of Neurology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (E.L.S.); (C.S.-H.); (C.O.); (K.R.); (N.W.)
- Control Systems Group, Technische Universität Berlin, Einsteinufer 17, 10587 Berlin, Germany;
- SensorStim Neurotechnology GmbH, c/o TU Berlin, Einsteinufer 17, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ardit Dvorani
- Control Systems Group, Technische Universität Berlin, Einsteinufer 17, 10587 Berlin, Germany;
- SensorStim Neurotechnology GmbH, c/o TU Berlin, Einsteinufer 17, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Salchow-Hömmen
- Department of Neurology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (E.L.S.); (C.S.-H.); (C.O.); (K.R.); (N.W.)
| | - Carolin Otto
- Department of Neurology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (E.L.S.); (C.S.-H.); (C.O.); (K.R.); (N.W.)
| | - Klemens Ruprecht
- Department of Neurology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (E.L.S.); (C.S.-H.); (C.O.); (K.R.); (N.W.)
| | - Nikolaus Wenger
- Department of Neurology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (E.L.S.); (C.S.-H.); (C.O.); (K.R.); (N.W.)
| | - Thomas Schauer
- Control Systems Group, Technische Universität Berlin, Einsteinufer 17, 10587 Berlin, Germany;
- SensorStim Neurotechnology GmbH, c/o TU Berlin, Einsteinufer 17, 10587 Berlin, Germany
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16
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Reetz S, Najeh T, Lundberg J, Groos J. Analysis of Local Track Discontinuities and Defects in Railway Switches Based on Track-Side Accelerations. Sensors (Basel) 2024; 24:477. [PMID: 38257569 PMCID: PMC10820776 DOI: 10.3390/s24020477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Switches are an essential, safety-critical part of the railway infrastructure. Compared to open tracks, their complex geometry leads to increased dynamic loading on the track superstructure from passing trains, resulting in high maintenance costs. To increase efficiency, condition monitoring methods specific to railway switches are required. A common approach to track superstructure monitoring is to measure the acceleration caused by vehicle track interaction. Local interruptions in the wheel-rail contact, caused for example by local defects or track discontinuities, appear in the data as transient impact events. In this paper, such transient events are investigated in an experimental setup of a railway switch with track-side acceleration sensors, using frequency and waveform analysis. The aim is to understand if and how the origins of these impact events can be distinguished in the data of this experiment, and what the implications for condition monitoring of local track discontinuities and defects with wayside acceleration sensors are in practice. For the same experimental configuration, individual impact events are shown to be reproducible in waveform and frequency content. Nevertheless, with this track-side sensor setup, the different types of track discontinuities and defects (squats, joints, crossing) could not be clearly distinguished using characteristic frequencies or waveforms. Other factors, such as the location of impact event origin relative to the sensor, are shown to have a much stronger influence. The experimental data suggest that filtering the data to narrow frequency bands around certain natural track frequencies could be beneficial for impact event detection in practice, but differentiating between individual impact event origins requires broadband signals. A multi-sensor setup with time-synchronized acceleration sensors distributed over the switch is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Reetz
- Institute of Transportation Systems, German Aerospace Center (DLR), 38108 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Taoufik Najeh
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Division of Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Jan Lundberg
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Division of Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Jörn Groos
- Institute of Transportation Systems, German Aerospace Center (DLR), 38108 Braunschweig, Germany
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Awan KM, Goncalves Filho ALM, Tabari A, Applewhite BP, Lang M, Lo WC, Sellers R, Kollasch P, Clifford B, Nickel D, Husseni J, Rapalino O, Schaefer P, Cauley S, Huang SY, Conklin J. Diagnostic evaluation of deep learning accelerated lumbar spine MRI. Neuroradiol J 2024:19714009231224428. [PMID: 38195418 DOI: 10.1177/19714009231224428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Deep learning (DL) accelerated MR techniques have emerged as a promising approach to accelerate routine MR exams. While prior studies explored DL acceleration for specific lumbar MRI sequences, a gap remains in comprehending the impact of a fully DL-based MRI protocol on scan time and diagnostic quality for routine lumbar spine MRI. To address this, we assessed the image quality and diagnostic performance of a DL-accelerated lumbar spine MRI protocol in comparison to a conventional protocol. METHODS We prospectively evaluated 36 consecutive outpatients undergoing non-contrast enhanced lumbar spine MRIs. Both protocols included sagittal T1, T2, STIR, and axial T2-weighted images. Two blinded neuroradiologists independently reviewed images for foraminal stenosis, spinal canal stenosis, nerve root compression, and facet arthropathy. Grading comparison employed the Wilcoxon signed rank test. For the head-to-head comparison, a 5-point Likert scale to assess image quality, considering artifacts, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), anatomical structure visualization, and overall diagnostic quality. We applied a 15% noninferiority margin to determine whether the DL-accelerated protocol was noninferior. RESULTS No significant differences existed between protocols when evaluating foraminal and spinal canal stenosis, nerve compression, or facet arthropathy (all p > .05). The DL-spine protocol was noninferior for overall diagnostic quality and visualization of the cord, CSF, intervertebral disc, and nerve roots. However, it exhibited reduced SNR and increased artifact perception. Interobserver reproducibility ranged from moderate to substantial (κ = 0.50-0.76). CONCLUSION Our study indicates that DL reconstruction in spine imaging effectively reduces acquisition times while maintaining comparable diagnostic quality to conventional MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal M Awan
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
- Harvard Medical School, USA
| | | | - Azadeh Tabari
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
- Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Brooks P Applewhite
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
- Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Min Lang
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
- Harvard Medical School, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jad Husseni
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
- Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Otto Rapalino
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
- Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Pamela Schaefer
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
- Harvard Medical School, USA
| | | | - Susie Y Huang
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
- Harvard Medical School, USA
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA
| | - John Conklin
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
- Harvard Medical School, USA
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Kimoto S, Naito Y, Nishikawa T. Accelerated decline in motor suppression in patients with cerebrovascular disorders: A kinetic analysis using the square-tracing task. NeuroRehabilitation 2024; 54:383-390. [PMID: 38640180 DOI: 10.3233/nre-230375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with cerebrovascular disorders (CVDs) tend to exhibit impulsive behaviour without controlling their movements, leading to difficulty in performing activities of daily living and an increased risk of accidents. This hastiness, termed 'pacing impairment', has been studied but is not fully understood. OBJECTIVE To experimentally examine the kinetic features of pacing impairment by focusing on changes in speed and investigating neuropsychological substrates. METHODS We instructed 53 inpatients with CVDs, 20 orthopaedic inpatients, and 20 healthy participants to trace a 200 mm-sided square as slowly as possible for 120 seconds. We measured the tracing length and mean acceleration and examined the relationship between these measurements, neuropsychological symptoms, and lesion sites. RESULTS Gradual acceleration in drawing, i.e., decline in motor suppression, was observed more frequently in the CVD group than in the control groups. Excessive acceleration was associated with unilateral spatial neglect, frontal lobe signs, and attention disorders but not with motor impersistence. Additionally, the incidence of excessive acceleration did not differ between left and right hemisphere lesion subgroups and was not associated with any specific lesion site. CONCLUSION Pacing impairment can manifest as general or holistic deficits in attentional function widely distributed throughout the cerebral hemispheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Kimoto
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Graduate School of Rehabilitation Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kyoto Okamoto Memorial Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuo Naito
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Graduate School of Rehabilitation Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishikawa
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nara Gakuen University, Nara, Japan
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Quan ZH, Xu FP, Huang Z, Chen RH, Xu QW, Lin L. LncRNA MYLK antisense RNA 1 activates cell division cycle 42/Neutal Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein pathway via microRNA-101-5p to accelerate epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of colon cancer cells. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2024; 40:11-22. [PMID: 37950620 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA MYLK antisense RNA 1 (MYLK-AS1) is the crux in multiple diseases. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the possible mechanism of MYLK-AS1. A total of 62 colon cancer (CC) specimens and paired adjacent normal tissues were collected, and the expression of MYLK-AS1, microRNA (miR)-101-5p/cell division cycle 42 (CDC42) was detected. CC cell lines were transfected with MYLK-AS1, miR-101-5p, CDC42-related plasmids, and the biological functions and markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were analyzed. The binding relationship between MYLK-AS1, miR-101-5p, and CDC42 was evaluated. In CC tissues and cell lines, MYLK-AS1 and CDC42 were highly expressed, and miR-101-5p was lowly expressed. Inhibition of MYLK-AS1 or upregulation of miR-101-5p can inhibit CC cell growth and EMT. miR-101-5p inhibited CDC42/N-wasp axis activation in CC cells by targeting CDC42. Knockdown of CDC42 or upregulation of miR-101-5p partially reversed the effects caused by upregulation of MYLK-AS1. MYLK-AS1, which is significantly upregulated in CC, may be a molecular sponge for miR-101-5p, and MYLK-AS1 promotes the activation of the CDC42/N-wasp axis in CC cells by targeting CDC42 through miR-101-5p, which in turn promotes tumor development. MYLK-AS1 may be a potential biomarker and target for CC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Hao Quan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei-Peng Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhe Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Ri-Hong Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing-Wen Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
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Ammar AM, Al-Sabbagh R, Hajeer MY. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the platelet-rich plasma compared to the injectable platelet-rich fibrin on the rate of maxillary canine retraction: a three-arm randomized controlled trial. Eur J Orthod 2024; 46:cjad056. [PMID: 37796117 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjad056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood-derived materials have been used recently to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement, but there are conflicting reports on their effectiveness. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the potential effect of local injection of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. TRIAL DESIGN A single-center, three-arm, parallel-group randomized controlled trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS The sample consisted of 60 patients aged between 18 and 25 years (mean age: 21.1 ± 2.2 years) with Class II division 1 malocclusion requiring anterior retraction. Using a computer-generated list of random numbers, patients were assigned to three groups of canine retraction: (i) assisted with PRP injection (PRP group), (ii) assisted with i-PRF group, and (iii) conventional treatment with no injections (Cont. group). In the interventional groups, injections were done immediately and at 8 weeks after the onset of canine. Transpalatal arches (TPAs) were used to reinforce anchorage. The upper canines were distalized on 0.019 × 0.025-inch stainless archwires using coil springs with a force of 150 g. The primary outcome was the amount of canine retraction, whereas the secondary outcomes were canine rotation and anchoring loss. Assessment was done at five-time points: the beginning of tooth movement (T0) and at 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks following T0 on three-dimensional superimposed digital models. RESULTS Sixty patients were randomized and included in this study (20 patients in each group), there were no dropouts. The rate of canine retraction was faster in the experimental groups. The PRP group showed a significantly slower movement in the second and fourth months than the i-PRF group while in the first and third months, there were nonsignificant differences between the two experimental groups. LIMITATIONS Blinding was not possible during the clinical stage of this trial. CONCLUSIONS PRP and i-PRF were found to be effective in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement during canine retraction. However, the effect of i-PRF was longer than that of PRP. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT05335824).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mohsen Ammar
- Department of Orthodontics, Arab Private University for Science and Technology, Hama, Syria
| | - Rabab Al-Sabbagh
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Hama Dental School, Hama, Syria
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21
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Bak A, Burlage R, Greene N, Nambiar P, Lu X, Templeton A. Accelerating Drug Product Development and Approval: Early Development and Evaluation. Pharm Res 2024; 41:1-6. [PMID: 37552384 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-023-03566-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Annette Bak
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biopharmaceutical R&D, AstraZeneca, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Rubi Burlage
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Supplies, Merck & Co, Rahway, NJ, USA
| | - Nigel Greene
- Data Science, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, Biopharmaceutical R&D, AstraZeneca, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Prabu Nambiar
- Principal, Syner-G Biopharma Group, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Xiuling Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, School of Pharmacy, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Allen Templeton
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Supplies, Merck & Co, Rahway, NJ, USA
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22
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Salazar-Lopez JR, Millan-Almaraz JR, Gaxiola-Camacho JR, Vazquez-Becerra GE, Leal-Graciano JM. GPS-Based Network Synchronization of Wireless Sensors for Extracting Propagation of Disturbance on Structural Systems. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 24:199. [PMID: 38203061 PMCID: PMC10781336 DOI: 10.3390/s24010199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have gained a positive popularity for structural health monitoring (SHM) applications. The underlying reason for using WSNs is the vast number of devices supporting wireless networks available these days. However, some of these devices are expensive. The main objective of this paper is to develop a cost-effective WSN based on low power consumption and long-range radios, which can perform real-time, real-scale acceleration data analyses. Since a detection system for vibration propagation is proposed in this paper, the synchronized monitoring of acceleration data is necessary. To meet this need, a Pulse Per Second (PPS) synchronization method is proposed with the help of GPS (Global Positioning System) receivers, representing an addition to the synchronization method based on real-time clock (RTC). As a result, RTC+PPS is the term used when referring to this method in this paper. In summary, the experiments presented in this research consist in performing specific and synchronized measurements on a full-scale steel I-beam. Finally, it is possible to perform measurements with a synchronization success of 100% in a total of 30 samples, thereby obtaining the propagation of vibrations in the structure under consideration by implementing the RTS+PPS method.
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23
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Barrera-Domínguez FJ, Almagro BJ, Sáez de Villarreal E, Molina-López J. Effect of individualised strength and plyometric training on the physical performance of basketball players. Eur J Sport Sci 2023; 23:2379-2388. [PMID: 37470434 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2023.2238690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to examine the effects of eight weeks of individualised force-velocity imbalance (F-Vimb) training on physical performance in basketball players and to analyse the differences in physical performance between two periods of time (four to eight weeks) with this training. Thirty male players (age, 22.8 ± 5.68 years; height, 1.87 ± 0.07 m; body mass, 86.3 ± 11.1 kg) were divided into an intervention group (INT, n = 15), who performed an individualised training based on individual F-Vimb; and a control group (CON, n = 15), who underwent a non-individualised training programme; both groups performed two days/week of intervention and the same pre-season basketball training. At baseline, at four weeks, and at eight weeks of intervention, an assessment was performed including countermovement-jumps, unilateral drop jumps, triple hop test, force-velocity profile, sprint and change of direction (COD). At four weeks, the INT showed improvements in sprint and vertical jumping actions (≥3.76%, ES ≥0.44, p ≤ 0.02). At eight weeks, the INT continued to improve vertical jumping actions (p < 0.05) and showed improvements in horizontal jumping (6.80%, ES = 0.45, p < 0.01) and COD (≥2.99%, ES ≥0.96, p < 0.01). A significant reduction in F-Vimb was observed for INT (ES = 0.77, p = 0.01). In contrast, none of these changes were observed in CON. Thus, an individualised F-Vimb training intervention improved physical performance after eight weeks, with changes in sprint and vertical jump after first four weeks. Basketball coaches should optimise the force-velocity profile and improve the performance in sport-related actions as jumping and changing direction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bartolomé J Almagro
- Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sport Sciences, COIDESO, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | | | - Jorge Molina-López
- Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sport Sciences, COIDESO, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
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24
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Hopwood HJ, Bellinger PM, Compton HR, Bourne MN, Derave W, Lievens E, Kennedy B, Minahan CL. Match Running Performance in Australian Football Is Related to Muscle Fiber Typology. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2023; 18:1442-1448. [PMID: 37857382 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2023-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the association between muscle fiber typology and match running performance in professional Australian football (AF) athletes. METHODS An observational time-motion analysis was performed on 23 professional AF athletes during 224 games throughout the 2020 competitive season. Athletes were categorized by position as hybrid, small, or tall. Athlete running performance was measured using Global Navigation Satellite System devices. Mean total match running performance and maximal mean intensity values were calculated for moving mean durations between 1 and 10 minutes for speed (in meters per minute), high-speed-running distance (HSR, >4.17 m·s-1), and acceleration (in meters per second squared), while intercept and slopes were calculated using power law. Carnosine content was quantified by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the gastrocnemius and soleus and expressed as a carnosine aggregate z score (CAZ score) to estimate muscle fiber typology. Mixed linear models were used to determine the association between CAZ score and running performance. RESULTS The mean (range) CAZ score was -0.60 (-1.89 to 1.25), indicating that most athletes possessed a greater estimated proportion of type I muscle fibers. A greater estimated proportion of type I fibers (ie, lower CAZ score) was associated with a larger accumulation of HSR (>4.17 m·s-1) and an increased ability to maintain HSR as the peak period duration increased. CONCLUSION AF athletes with a greater estimated proportion of type I muscle fibers were associated with a greater capacity to accumulate distance running at high speeds, as well as a greater capacity to maintain higher output of HSR running during peak periods as duration increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry J Hopwood
- Griffith Sport Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- Football Department, Gold Coast Football Club, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Heidi R Compton
- Football Department, Gold Coast Football Club, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- Applied Sports Science and Exercise Testing Laboratory, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthew N Bourne
- Griffith Sport Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Wim Derave
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eline Lievens
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ben Kennedy
- Mermaid Beach Radiology, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Clare L Minahan
- Griffith Sport Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- Australian Institute of Sport, Australian Sports Commission, Canberra, QLD, Australia
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25
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Walker CA, McBrayer LD. Stop, then go! Rapid acceleration offsets the costs of intermittent locomotion when turning in Florida scrub lizards. J Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol 2023; 339:853-860. [PMID: 37485808 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Intermittent locomotion is a common locomotor mode in small vertebrates. Pausing is thought to aid in locating a predator or prey, enhancing crypsis, lowering energy costs, and/or maneuvering around obstacles or toward a refuge. Many lizards flee predators by turning into potential refugia and subsequently pausing, presumably to conceal themselves. Intermittent locomotion may be associated with turning by allowing an animal time to assess its surroundings and/or decreasing the likelihood of losing its footing. In this study, we quantify locomotor performance and the use of intermittent locomotion in Florida scrub lizards (Sceloporus woodi) when navigating either a 45° or 90° turn. Lizards paused in 92.91% of all trials, and yet despite pausing, instantaneous speed was not different entering or exiting the turn. This result suggests that turning comes at minimal cost to forward speed for lizards under these conditions. Pausing during a turn, however, did slow speed in the turn. Interestingly, the speed in the turn did not differ in trials with a pause before the turn versus trials without a pause. The angle of the turn also had no effect on whether lizards paused. We found that lizards increase peak acceleration following pauses to compensate for lost speed during the pause, providing a mechanism that may minimize negative fitness effects associated with slow running speeds and allow intermittent locomotion to be such a common strategy in lizards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheyenne A Walker
- Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, West Palm Beach, Florida, USA
| | - Lance D McBrayer
- Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA
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26
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Wang C, Li M, Gui W, Shi H, Wang P, Chen J, Fent K, Zhang K, Dai J, Li X, Zhao Y. Prednisolone Accelerates Embryonic Development of Zebrafish via Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling at Low Concentrations. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:15794-15805. [PMID: 37812749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic glucocorticoids have been widely detected in aquatic ecosystems and may pose a toxicological risk to fish. In the present study, we described multiple end point responses of zebrafish to a commonly prescribed glucocorticoid, prednisolone (PREL), at concentrations between 0.001 and 9.26 μg/L. Of 23 end points monitored, 7 were affected significantly. Significant increases in the frequency of yolk extension formation, spontaneous contraction, heart rate, and ocular melanin density and significant decreases of ear-eye distance at PREL concentrations of 0.001 μg/L and above clearly pointed to the acceleration of embryonic development of zebrafish by PREL. Further confirmation came from the alterations in somite numbers, head-trunk angle, and yolk sac size, as well as outcomes obtained via RNA sequencing, in which signaling pathways involved in tissue/organ growth and development were highly enriched in embryos upon PREL exposure. In addition, the crucial role of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) for PREL-induced effects was confirmed by both, the coexposure to antagonist mifepristone (RU486) and GR-/- mutant zebrafish experiments. We further demonstrated similar accelerations of embryonic development of zebrafish upon exposure to 11 additional glucocorticoids, indicating generic adverse effect characteristics. Overall, our results revealed developmental alterations of PREL in fish embryos at low concentrations and thus provided novel insights into the understanding of the potential environmental risks of glucocorticoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Meng Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wanying Gui
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Haochun Shi
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jierong Chen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Karl Fent
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollution Dynamics, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kun Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiayin Dai
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xi Li
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yanbin Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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27
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Wu N, Yang H, Afsar H, Wang B, Fan J. Analysis of Train-Track-Bridge Coupling Vibration Characteristics for Heavy-Haul Railway Based on Virtual Work Principle. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:8550. [PMID: 37896643 PMCID: PMC10610708 DOI: 10.3390/s23208550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
This paper introduces an innovative model for heavy-haul train-track-bridge interaction, utilizing a coupling matrix representation based on the virtual work principle. This model establishes the relationship between the wheel-rail contact surface and the bridge-rail interface concerning internal forces and geometric constraints. In this coupled system's motion equation, the degrees of freedom (DOFs) of the wheelsets in a heavy-haul train lacking primary suspension are interdependent. Additionally, the vertical and nodding DOFs of the bogie frame are linked with the rail element. A practical application, a Yellow River Bridge with a heavy-haul railway line, is used to examine the accuracy of the proposed model with regard to discrepancy between the simulated and measured displacement ranging from 1% to 11%. A comprehensive parametric analysis is conducted, exploring the impacts of track irregularities of varying wavelengths, axle load lifting, and the degradation of bridge stiffness and damping on the dynamic responses of the coupled system. The results reveal that the bridge's dynamic responses are particularly sensitive to track irregularities within the wavelength range of 1 to 20 m, especially those within 1 to 10 m. The vertical displacement of the bridge demonstrates a nearly linear increase with heavier axle loads of the heavy-haul trains and the reduction in bridge stiffness. However, there is no significant rise in vertical acceleration under these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanhao Wu
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, China;
| | - Hongyin Yang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, China;
- National Key Laboratory of Bridge Intelligent and Green Construction, Wuhan 430034, China;
| | - Haleem Afsar
- Department of Civil and Airport Engineering, College of Civil Aviation, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China;
| | - Bo Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Bridge Intelligent and Green Construction, Wuhan 430034, China;
| | - Jianfeng Fan
- Wuhan Mafangshan Engineering Structure Testing Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430070, China;
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Hara K, Iwano N, Fukunaga T, Hamada M. DeepRaccess: high-speed RNA accessibility prediction using deep learning. Front Bioinform 2023; 3:1275787. [PMID: 37881622 PMCID: PMC10597636 DOI: 10.3389/fbinf.2023.1275787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA accessibility is a useful RNA secondary structural feature for predicting RNA-RNA interactions and translation efficiency in prokaryotes. However, conventional accessibility calculation tools, such as Raccess, are computationally expensive and require considerable computational time to perform transcriptome-scale analysis. In this study, we developed DeepRaccess, which predicts RNA accessibility based on deep learning methods. DeepRaccess was trained to take artificial RNA sequences as input and to predict the accessibility of these sequences as calculated by Raccess. Simulation and empirical dataset analyses showed that the accessibility predicted by DeepRaccess was highly correlated with the accessibility calculated by Raccess. In addition, we confirmed that DeepRaccess could predict protein abundance in E.coli with moderate accuracy from the sequences around the start codon. We also demonstrated that DeepRaccess achieved tens to hundreds of times software speed-up in a GPU environment. The source codes and the trained models of DeepRaccess are freely available at https://github.com/hmdlab/DeepRaccess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaisei Hara
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- Computational Bio Big-Data Open Innovation Laboratory, AIST-Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsuki Iwano
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Fukunaga
- Waseda Institute for Advanced Study, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiaki Hamada
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- Computational Bio Big-Data Open Innovation Laboratory, AIST-Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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29
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Wögerbauer EM, Hecht H, Wessels M. Camera-Monitor Systems as An Opportunity to Compensate for Perceptual Errors in Time-to-Contact Estimations. Vision (Basel) 2023; 7:65. [PMID: 37873893 PMCID: PMC10594519 DOI: 10.3390/vision7040065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
For the safety of road traffic, it is crucial to accurately estimate the time it will take for a moving object to reach a specific location (time-to-contact estimation, TTC). Observers make more or less accurate TTC estimates of objects of average size that are moving at constant speeds. However, they make perceptual errors when judging objects which accelerate or which are unusually large or small. In the former case, for instance, when asked to extrapolate the motion of an accelerating object, observers tend to assume that the object continues to move with the speed it had before it went out of sight. In the latter case, the TTC of large objects is underestimated, whereas the TTC of small objects is overestimated, as if physical size is confounded with retinal size (the size-arrival effect). In normal viewing, these perceptual errors cannot be helped, but camera-monitor systems offer the unique opportunity to exploit the size-arrival effect to cancel out errors induced by the failure to respond to acceleration. To explore whether such error cancellation can work in principle, we conducted two experiments using a prediction-motion paradigm in which the size of the approaching vehicle was manipulated. The results demonstrate that altering the vehicle's size had the expected influence on the TTC estimation. This finding has practical implications for the implementation of camera-monitor systems.
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Miyazaki T, Takeshita Y, Shimose D, Kakimoto S, Araki S, Matsuzawa Y, Nakashima S, Nakai Y, Kawada M, Kiyama R. Immediate Effects of Real-Time Feedback During Overground Gait Performed Using Inertial Measurement Units on Gait Parameters in Healthy Young Participants: A Cross-Sectional Study. Motor Control 2023; 27:844-859. [PMID: 37487588 DOI: 10.1123/mc.2022-0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study examined the immediate effects of four types of real-time feedback during overground gait performed using inertial measurement units on gait kinematics in healthy young participants. Twelve healthy young participants (mean age: 27.1 years) performed 60-s gait trials with each of the following real-time feedback: walking spontaneously (no feedback trial); increasing the ankle plantar-flexion angle during the late stance (ankle trial); increasing the leg extension angle, defined the location of the ankle joint relative to the hip joint in the sagittal plane, during late stance (leg trial); and increasing the knee flexion angle during the swing phase (knee trial). Tilt angles and accelerations of the pelvis and lower limb segments were measured using seven inertial measurement units pre- and postfeedback trials. The differences in gait parameters pre- and postfeedback according to the types of feedback were compared using one-factor repeated-measures analysis of variance, Friedman test, and post hoc test. Real-time feedback in the ankle trial increased gait speed, step length, and ankle plantar-flexion angle compared to the no feedback trial (p ≤ .001). Meanwhile, real-time feedback in the leg trial increased step length and hip extension angle compared to the no feedback trial (p ≤ .001) and showed a tendency to increase gait speed and leg extension angle. Real-time feedback using inertial measurement units increased gait speed immediately with specific changes in gait kinematics in healthy participants. This study might imply the possibility of clinical application for overground gait training, and further studies are needed to clarify the effectiveness for older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takasuke Miyazaki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima,Japan
| | - Yasufumi Takeshita
- Course of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima,Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tarumizu Municipal Medical Center, Tarumizu Central Hospital, Tarumizu,Japan
| | - Daichi Shimose
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tarumizu Municipal Medical Center, Tarumizu Central Hospital, Tarumizu,Japan
| | - Shogo Kakimoto
- Course of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima,Japan
| | - Sota Araki
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima,Japan
| | - Yuta Matsuzawa
- Course of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima,Japan
| | - Shobu Nakashima
- Course of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima,Japan
| | - Yuki Nakai
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima,Japan
- Sports Science Area, Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Daiichi Institute of Technology, Kagoshima,Japan
| | - Masayuki Kawada
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima,Japan
| | - Ryoji Kiyama
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima,Japan
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Mayer AR, Dodd AB, Dodd RJ, Stephenson DD, Ling JM, Mehos CJ, Patton DA, Robertson-Benta CR, Gigliotti AP, Vermillion MS, Noghero A. Head Kinematics, Blood Biomarkers, and Histology in Large Animal Models of Traumatic Brain Injury and Hemorrhagic Shock. J Neurotrauma 2023; 40:2205-2216. [PMID: 37341029 PMCID: PMC10701512 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2022.0338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and severe blood loss resulting in hemorrhagic shock (HS) are each leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide, and present additional treatment considerations when they are comorbid (TBI+HS) as a result of competing pathophysiological responses. The current study rigorously quantified injury biomechanics with high precision sensors and examined whether blood-based surrogate markers were altered in general trauma as well as post-neurotrauma. Eighty-nine sexually mature male and female Yucatan swine were subjected to a closed-head TBI+HS (40% of circulating blood volume; n = 68), HS only (n = 9), or sham trauma (n = 12). Markers of systemic (e.g., glucose, lactate) and neural functioning were obtained at baseline, and at 35 and 295 min post-trauma. Opposite and approximately twofold differences existed for both magnitude (device > head) and duration (head > device) of quantified injury biomechanics. Circulating levels of neurofilament light chain (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) demonstrated differential sensitivity for both general trauma (HS) and neurotrauma (TBI+HS) relative to shams in a temporally dynamic fashion. GFAP and NfL were both strongly associated with changes in systemic markers during general trauma and exhibited consistent time-dependent changes in individual sham animals. Finally, circulating GFAP was associated with histopathological markers of diffuse axonal injury and blood-brain barrier breach, as well as variations in device kinematics following TBI+HS. Current findings therefore highlight the need to directly quantify injury biomechanics with head mounted sensors and suggest that GFAP, NfL, and UCH-L1 are sensitive to multiple forms of trauma rather than having a single pathological indication (e.g., GFAP = astrogliosis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R. Mayer
- The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Pete & Nancy Domenici Hall, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Department of Psychology, and University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Andrew B. Dodd
- The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Pete & Nancy Domenici Hall, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Rebecca J. Dodd
- The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Pete & Nancy Domenici Hall, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - David D. Stephenson
- The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Pete & Nancy Domenici Hall, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Josef M. Ling
- The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Pete & Nancy Domenici Hall, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Carissa J. Mehos
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Declan A. Patton
- Center for Injury Research and Prevention, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Cidney R. Robertson-Benta
- The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Pete & Nancy Domenici Hall, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Andrew P. Gigliotti
- The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Pete & Nancy Domenici Hall, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Meghan S. Vermillion
- The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Pete & Nancy Domenici Hall, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Alessio Noghero
- The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Pete & Nancy Domenici Hall, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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Liu PK, Ting N, Chiu HC, Lin YC, Liu YT, Ku BW, Lee PL. Validation of photoplethysmography- and acceleration-based sleep staging in a community sample: comparison with polysomnography and Actiwatch. J Clin Sleep Med 2023; 19:1797-1810. [PMID: 37338335 PMCID: PMC10545987 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Although wrist-worn consumer wearables are widely used for home sleep monitoring, few have been validated. It is unclear whether consumer wearables could be an alternative to Actiwatch. This study aimed to establish and validate an automatic sleep staging system (ASSS) utilizing photoplethysmography and acceleration data collected from a wrist-worn wearable device. METHODS Seventy-five participants from a community population underwent overnight polysomnography (PSG) while wearing a smartwatch (MT2511) and Actiwatch Spectrum Plus (Philips Respironics, Inc; Murrysville, PA, USA). Photoplethysmography and acceleration data collected from the smartwatches were utilized to build a 4-stage (wake, light sleep, deep sleep, and rapid eye movement [REM] sleep) classifier, which was validated against PSG. The performance of the sleep/wake classifier was compared with Actiwatch. All analyses were conducted separately for participants with PSG sleep efficiency (SE) ≥ 80% and SE < 80%. RESULTS The 4-stage classifier and PSG showed fair overall epoch-by-epoch agreement (kappa, 0.55; 95% confidence interval, 0.52 to 0.57). The deep sleep and REM times were comparable between ASSS and PSG, while ASSS underestimated the wake time and overestimated the light sleep time among participants with SE < 80%. Moreover, ASSS underestimated sleep-onset latency and wake after sleep onset and overestimated total sleep time and SE among participants with SE < 80%, while all were comparable among participants with SE ≥ 80%. The biases were smaller for ASSS than for Actiwatch. CONCLUSIONS Our photoplethysmography- and acceleration-based ASSS was reliable for participants with SE ≥ 80% and had a smaller bias than Actiwatch among those with SE < 80%. Thus, ASSS may be a promising alternative to Actiwatch. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov; Name: Validation of Sleep Healthcare System; URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04252482; Identifier: NCT04252482. CITATION Liu P-K, Ting N, Chiu H-C, et al. Validation of photoplethysmography- and acceleration-based sleep staging in a community sample: comparison with polysomnography and Actiwatch. J Clin Sleep Med. 2023;19(10):1797-1810.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Kang Liu
- Department of Multimedia Technology Development, MediaTek, Inc., Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Nettie Ting
- Department of Multimedia Technology Development, MediaTek, Inc., Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chih Chiu
- Department of Multimedia Technology Development, MediaTek, Inc., Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Lin
- Department of Multimedia Technology Development, MediaTek, Inc., Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Liu
- Department of Multimedia Technology Development, MediaTek, Inc., Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Wen Ku
- Department of Multimedia Technology Development, MediaTek, Inc., Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lin Lee
- Center of Sleep Disorder, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Electronics Technology Integration, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Bournival M, Martini G, Trudeau F, Lemoyne J. The science and art of testing in ice hockey: a systematic review of twenty years of research. Front Sports Act Living 2023; 5:1252093. [PMID: 37841888 PMCID: PMC10569309 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1252093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ice hockey is a complex sport requiring multiple athletic and technical attributes. Considering the variety of tests developed, on-ice testing protocols have been created to measure the physiological and mechanical attributes associated with performance. To our knowledge, a lack of technical resources exists to help stakeholders opt for on-ice protocols from among those developed. It becomes crucial for researchers and practitioners to select relevant and context-specific procedures. This systematic review of the literature outlines an inventory of the on-ice tests that have been used in the domain of ice hockey research over the last twenty years, and summarize protocols mostly used in major athletic components. Methods A search was performed on three databases (PubMed, SPORTDiscus and Scopus) by following the PRISMA guidelines. Specific keywords were selected to find publications using on-ice testing protocols in the methodology. Four aspects of athletic attributes were used to categorize the protocols: aerobic capacity, acceleration-speed, agility-change of direction and ability to repeat skating sprints. Analyses were conducted regarding four categories of observations: population under study, on-ice reported test(s), outcomes measures and main findings. Results A total of 107 articles were included, resulting in 55 on-ice tests related to the on-ice assessments of four major athletic components: aerobic capacity (n = 7), acceleration-speed (n = 6), agility and change of direction (n = 23) and repeated skating sprint ability (n = 19). Testing in male and older cohorts (≥16 years old) predominates, with a primary focus on the competitive amateur level. The selected tests were mainly designed for assessing on-ice physiological responses and fitness (n = 38), talent identification-team selection (n = 19), efficiency of interventions (n = 17) and validation purposes (n = 16). Conclusion A prevalence of on-ice skating tests to assess the ability to repeat intense efforts, agility, acceleration and speed components exists, which are relevant and linked to match requirement. The wealth of on-ice tests used in the literature reflects the need to adapt the on-ice evaluation process to the population, constraints, and goals. This review is a valid toolbox and can benefit for researchers and practitioners interested in testing hockey players from different levels, with a variety of aims and needs, by helping them to select the relevant procedures to their environment and practice context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bournival
- Laboratoire de recherche sur le hockey UQTR, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Kinetics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Gaëtan Martini
- Laboratoire de recherche sur le hockey UQTR, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Kinetics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - François Trudeau
- Department of Human Kinetics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Jean Lemoyne
- Laboratoire de recherche sur le hockey UQTR, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Kinetics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
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Saei AA, Gharibi H, Lyu H, Nilsson B, Jafari M, Von Holst H, Zubarev RA. Massive Solubility Changes in Neuronal Proteins upon Simulated Traumatic Brain Injury Reveal the Role of Shockwaves in Irreversible Damage. Molecules 2023; 28:6768. [PMID: 37836614 PMCID: PMC10574794 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the immediate molecular consequences of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) using a novel proteomics approach. We simulated TBIs using an innovative laboratory apparatus that employed a 5.1 kg dummy head that held neuronal cells and generated a ≤4000 g-force acceleration upon impact. A Proteome Integral Solubility Alteration (PISA) assay was then employed to monitor protein solubility changes in a system-wide manner. Dynamic impacts led to both a reduction in neuron viability and massive solubility changes in the proteome. The affected proteins mapped not only to the expected pathways, such as those of cell adhesion, collagen, and laminin structures, as well as the response to stress, but also to other dense protein networks, such as immune response, complement, and coagulation cascades. The cellular effects were found to be mainly due to the shockwave rather than the g-force acceleration. Soft materials could reduce the impact's severity only until they were fully compressed. This study shows a way of developing a proteome-based meter for measuring irreversible shockwave-induced cell damage and provides a resource for identifying protein biomarkers of TBIs and potential drug targets for the development of products aimed at primary prevention and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ata Saei
- Division of Physiological Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.A.S.); (H.G.); (H.L.); (B.N.); (M.J.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hassan Gharibi
- Division of Physiological Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.A.S.); (H.G.); (H.L.); (B.N.); (M.J.)
| | - Hezheng Lyu
- Division of Physiological Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.A.S.); (H.G.); (H.L.); (B.N.); (M.J.)
| | - Brady Nilsson
- Division of Physiological Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.A.S.); (H.G.); (H.L.); (B.N.); (M.J.)
| | - Maryam Jafari
- Division of Physiological Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.A.S.); (H.G.); (H.L.); (B.N.); (M.J.)
| | - Hans Von Holst
- Division of Physiological Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.A.S.); (H.G.); (H.L.); (B.N.); (M.J.)
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Section of Neurosurgery, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roman A. Zubarev
- Division of Physiological Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.A.S.); (H.G.); (H.L.); (B.N.); (M.J.)
- Department of Pharmacological & Technological Chemistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119146 Moscow, Russia
- The National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, 115478 Moscow, Russia
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Rakesh D, Whittle S, Sheridan MA, McLaughlin KA. Childhood socioeconomic status and the pace of structural neurodevelopment: accelerated, delayed, or simply different? Trends Cogn Sci 2023; 27:833-851. [PMID: 37179140 PMCID: PMC10524122 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2023.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with children's brain and behavioral development. Several theories propose that early experiences of adversity or low SES can alter the pace of neurodevelopment during childhood and adolescence. These theories make contrasting predictions about whether adverse experiences and low SES are associated with accelerated or delayed neurodevelopment. We contextualize these predictions within the context of normative development of cortical and subcortical structure and review existing evidence on SES and structural brain development to adjudicate between competing hypotheses. Although none of these theories are fully consistent with observed SES-related differences in brain development, existing evidence suggests that low SES is associated with brain structure trajectories more consistent with a delayed or simply different developmental pattern than an acceleration in neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Whittle
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Victoria, Australia
| | - Margaret A Sheridan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Parmley J, Jones B, Whitehead S, Rennie G, Hendricks S, Johnston R, Collins N, Bennett T, Weaving D. The speed and acceleration of the ball carrier and tackler into contact during front-on tackles in rugby league. J Sports Sci 2023; 41:1450-1458. [PMID: 37925647 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2023.2273657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim was to use a combination of video analysis and microtechnology (10 Hz global positioning system [GPS]) to quantify and compare the speed and acceleration of ball-carriers and tacklers during the pre-contact phase (contact - 0.5s) of the tackle event during rugby league match-play. Data were collected from 44 professional male rugby league players from two Super League clubs across two competitive matches. Tackle events were coded and subject to three stages of inclusion criteria to identify front-on tackles. 10 Hz GPS data was synchronised with video to extract the speed and acceleration of the ball-carrier and tackler into each front-on tackle (n = 214). Linear mixed effects models (effect size [ES], confidence intervals, p-values) compared differences. Overall, ball-carriers (4.73 ± 1.12 m∙s-1) had greater speed into front-on tackles than tacklers (2.82 ± 1.07 m∙s-1; ES = 1.69). Ball-carriers accelerated (0.67 ± 1.01 m∙s-2) into contact whilst tacklers decelerated (-1.26 ± 1.36 m∙s-2; ES = 1.74). Positional comparisons showed speed was greater during back vs. back (ES = 0.66) and back vs. forward (ES = 0.40) than forward vs. forward tackle events. Findings can be used to inform strategies to improve performance and player welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Parmley
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Ben Jones
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
- England Performance Unit, Rugby Football League, Leeds, UK
- Premiership Rugby, London, United Kingdom
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, the University of Cape Town and the Sports Science Institute of South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sarah Whitehead
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Gordon Rennie
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
- Catapult Sports, Leeds, UK
| | - Sharief Hendricks
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, the University of Cape Town and the Sports Science Institute of South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rich Johnston
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Sports Performance, Recovery, Injury and New Technologies (SPRINT) Research Centre, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Neil Collins
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
- England Performance Unit, Rugby Football League, Leeds, UK
| | - Thomas Bennett
- Department of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, University of Hull, Hull, UK
- Hull F.C, Hull, UK
| | - Dan Weaving
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
- Applied Sports Science and Exercise Testing Laboratory, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, Australia
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Räisänen AM, Benson LC, Whittaker JL, Emery CA. Evaluating a Wearable Solution for Measuring Lower Extremity Asymmetry During Landing. Physiother Can 2023; 75:271-275. [PMID: 37736414 PMCID: PMC10510545 DOI: 10.3138/ptc-2021-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Force plates can be used to monitor landing asymmetries during rehabilitation, but they are not widely available. Accelerometer-based wearable technology may be a more feasible solution. The purpose of this article was to determine the agreement between impact accelerations measured with force plates and accelerometer-derived measures of (1) centre of mass (COM) acceleration and (2) tibial acceleration asymmetries during bilateral landings. Method Participants completed three countermovement jumps (CMJ) and three squat jumps (SJ) on dual force plates with triaxial accelerometers attached to each tibia and lower back, near the COM. Bland and Altman 95% limits of agreement (95% LOA) were calculated. Results 19 adults (n = 11; 58% women, n = 8; 42% men) participated in the study. The mean differences between impact and COM accelerations were 0.24 g (95% LOA: -1.34 g to 1.82 g) and 0.38 g (95% LOA: -1.15 to 1.91 g) for the CMJ and SJ, respectively. The mean differences between the impact and tibial acceleration-based lower limb asymmetries in the CMJ and SJ were -6% (95% LOA: -32% to 19%) and 0% (95% LOA: -45% to 45%), respectively. Conclusions Our findings show acceptable agreement between impact acceleration and accelerometer-based COM acceleration and lack of agreement between impact accelerations and accelerometer-based tibial acceleration asymmetries. COM acceleration could be used to quantify landing impacts during rehabilitation, but we do not consider the accelerometer-based asymmetry measures to be a suitable alternative for force plate-based measures. Future work should focus on determining normative values for lower extremity asymmetries during landing tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu M. Räisänen
- From the:
Department of Physical Therapy Education, College of Health Sciences – Northwest, Western University of Health Sciences, Lebanon, Oregon, United States
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lauren C. Benson
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Tonal Strength Institute, Tonal, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Jackie L. Whittaker
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, British Columbia, Canada
- McCaig Bone and Joint Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Carolyn A. Emery
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- McCaig Bone and Joint Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Malekjafarian A, Sarrabezolles CA, Khan MA, Golpayegani F. A Machine-Learning-Based Approach for Railway Track Monitoring Using Acceleration Measured on an In-Service Train. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:7568. [PMID: 37688026 PMCID: PMC10490588 DOI: 10.3390/s23177568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a novel railway track monitoring approach is proposed that employs acceleration responses measured on an in-service train to detect the loss of stiffness in the track sub-layers. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithm is developed that works with the energies of the train acceleration responses. A numerical model of a half-car train coupled with a track profile is employed to simulate the train vertical acceleration. The energy of acceleration signals measured from 100 traversing trains is used to train the ANN for healthy track conditions. The energy is calculated every 15 m along the track, each of which is called a slice. In the monitoring phase, the trained ANN is used to predict the energies of a set of train crossings. The predicted energies are compared with the simulated ones and represented as the prediction error. The damage is modeled by reducing the soil stiffness at the sub-ballast layer that represents hanging sleepers. A damage indicator (DI) based on the prediction error is proposed to visualize the differences in the predicted energies for different damage cases. In addition, a sensitivity analysis is performed where the impact of signal noise, slice sizes, and the presence of multiple damaged locations on the performance of the DI is assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Malekjafarian
- Structural Dynamics and Assessment Laboratory, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, D04V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Muhammad Arslan Khan
- Structural Dynamics and Assessment Laboratory, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, D04V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fatemeh Golpayegani
- School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, D04V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
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Herrmann J, Afat S, Gassenmaier S, Grunz JP, Koerzdoerfer G, Lingg A, Almansour H, Nickel D, Patzer TS, Werner S. Faster Elbow MRI with Deep Learning Reconstruction-Assessment of Image Quality, Diagnostic Confidence, and Anatomy Visualization Compared to Standard Imaging. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2747. [PMID: 37685285 PMCID: PMC10486923 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13172747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate a deep learning (DL) reconstruction for turbo spin echo (TSE) sequences of the elbow regarding image quality and visualization of anatomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between October 2020 and June 2021, seventeen participants (eight patients, nine healthy subjects; mean age: 43 ± 16 (20-70) years, eight men) were prospectively included in this study. Each patient underwent two examinations: standard MRI, including TSE sequences reconstructed with a generalized autocalibrating partial parallel acquisition reconstruction (TSESTD), and prospectively undersampled TSE sequences reconstructed with a DL reconstruction (TSEDL). Two radiologists evaluated the images concerning image quality, noise, edge sharpness, artifacts, diagnostic confidence, and delineation of anatomical structures using a 5-point Likert scale, and rated the images concerning the detection of common pathologies. RESULTS Image quality was significantly improved in TSEDL (mean 4.35, IQR 4-5) compared to TSESTD (mean 3.76, IQR 3-4, p = 0.008). Moreover, TSEDL showed decreased noise (mean 4.29, IQR 3.5-5) compared to TSESTD (mean 3.35, IQR 3-4, p = 0.004). Ratings for delineation of anatomical structures, artifacts, edge sharpness, and diagnostic confidence did not differ significantly between TSEDL and TSESTD (p > 0.05). Inter-reader agreement was substantial to almost perfect (κ = 0.628-0.904). No difference was found concerning the detection of pathologies between the readers and between TSEDL and TSESTD. Using DL, the acquisition time could be reduced by more than 35% compared to TSESTD. CONCLUSION TSEDL provided improved image quality and decreased noise while receiving equal ratings for edge sharpness, artifacts, delineation of anatomical structures, diagnostic confidence, and detection of pathologies compared to TSESTD. Providing more than a 35% reduction of acquisition time, TSEDL may be clinically relevant for elbow imaging due to increased patient comfort and higher patient throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Herrmann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany (S.G.); (A.L.); (H.A.); (S.W.)
| | - Saif Afat
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany (S.G.); (A.L.); (H.A.); (S.W.)
| | - Sebastian Gassenmaier
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany (S.G.); (A.L.); (H.A.); (S.W.)
| | - Jan-Peter Grunz
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (J.-P.G.); (T.S.P.)
| | - Gregor Koerzdoerfer
- MR Application Predevelopment, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 91052 Erlangen, Germany; (G.K.); (D.N.)
| | - Andreas Lingg
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany (S.G.); (A.L.); (H.A.); (S.W.)
| | - Haidara Almansour
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany (S.G.); (A.L.); (H.A.); (S.W.)
| | - Dominik Nickel
- MR Application Predevelopment, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, 91052 Erlangen, Germany; (G.K.); (D.N.)
| | - Theresa Sophie Patzer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (J.-P.G.); (T.S.P.)
| | - Sebastian Werner
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany (S.G.); (A.L.); (H.A.); (S.W.)
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Idelevich EA, Nedow B, Vollmer M, Becker K. Evaluation of a Novel Benchtop Tool for Acceleration of Sample Preparation for MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry. J Clin Microbiol 2023; 61:e0021223. [PMID: 37493547 PMCID: PMC10446855 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00212-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
During the past decade, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS) has become a standard method for identification of bacteria and yeasts. Nonetheless, further optimization of the identification process is important to streamline workflows and save resources. This study evaluated the application of a multipurpose benchtop tool, MBT FAST Shuttle IVD, for accelerated drying of liquid assay components (matrix, formic acid, and/or sample) on a MALDI target. A total of 50 bacterial and fungal isolates were subjected to three different sample preparation procedures prior to the identification by MALDI-TOF MS: direct transfer (DT), extended direct transfer (eDT), and protein extraction (PE). Compared to conventional drying at room temperature, the preparation was performed with standardized heating of the MALDI target on the MBT FAST Shuttle. During DT, eDT, and PE, 56.7% (P < 0.001), 56.8% (P < 0.001), and 52.8% (P < 0.001) of time for matrix drying were saved by using the MBT FAST Shuttle, respectively. Applying the MBT FAST Shuttle, 57.5% (P < 0.001) of time for drying of formic acid were saved for eDT and 57.5% (P < 0.001) of time for sample drying were saved for PE. A significant improvement of the identification rates and scores was observed with MBT FAST Shuttle for eDT (P = 0.001) and PE (P = 0.008) methods, while the effect on identification quality for DT was not statistically significant (P = 0.16). In conclusion, the use of the MBT FAST Shuttle shortened the drying time of assay components by about a half for all preparation methods. Moreover, positive effect on identification success was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny A. Idelevich
- Friedrich Loeffler-Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Betty Nedow
- Friedrich Loeffler-Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marcus Vollmer
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Karsten Becker
- Friedrich Loeffler-Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Quattrocchi A, Martella F, Lukaj V, De Leo R, Villari M, Montanini R. Designing a Low-Cost System to Monitor the Structural Behavior of Street Lighting Poles in Smart Cities. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:6993. [PMID: 37571776 PMCID: PMC10422296 DOI: 10.3390/s23156993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The structural collapse of a street lighting pole represents an aspect that is often underestimated and unpredictable, but of relevant importance for the safety of people and things. These events are complex to evaluate since several sources of damage are involved. In addition, traditional inspection methods are ineffective, do not correctly quantify the residual life of poles, and are inefficient, requiring enormous costs associated with the vastness of elements to be investigated. An advantageous alternative is to adopt a distributed type of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) technique based on the Internet of Things (IoT). This paper proposes the design of a low-cost system, which is also easy to integrate in current infrastructures, for monitoring the structural behavior of street lighting poles in Smart Cities. At the same time, this device collects previous structural information and offers some secondary functionalities related to its application, such as meteorological information. Furthermore, this paper intends to lay the foundations for the development of a method that is able to avoid the collapse of the poles. Specifically, the implementation phase is described in the aspects concerning low-cost devices and sensors for data acquisition and transmission and the strategies of information technologies (ITs), such as Cloud/Edge approaches, for storing, processing and presenting the achieved measurements. Finally, an experimental evaluation of the metrological performance of the sensing features of this system is reported. The main results highlight that the employment of low-cost equipment and open-source software has a double implication. On one hand, they entail advantages such as limited costs and flexibility to accommodate the specific necessities of the interested user. On the other hand, the used sensors require an indispensable metrological evaluation of their performance due to encountered issues relating to calibration, reliability and uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Quattrocchi
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, C.da di Dio, 98166 Messina, Italy; (F.M.); (V.L.); (R.D.L.); (R.M.)
| | - Francesco Martella
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, C.da di Dio, 98166 Messina, Italy; (F.M.); (V.L.); (R.D.L.); (R.M.)
| | - Valeria Lukaj
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, C.da di Dio, 98166 Messina, Italy; (F.M.); (V.L.); (R.D.L.); (R.M.)
| | - Rocco De Leo
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, C.da di Dio, 98166 Messina, Italy; (F.M.); (V.L.); (R.D.L.); (R.M.)
| | - Massimo Villari
- Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, Physics and Earth Science (MIFT), University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy;
| | - Roberto Montanini
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, C.da di Dio, 98166 Messina, Italy; (F.M.); (V.L.); (R.D.L.); (R.M.)
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Alfailany DT, Hajeer MY, Al-Bitar MI, Alsino HI, Jaber ST, Brad B, Darwich K. Effectiveness of Flapless Cortico-Alveolar Perforations Using Mechanical Drills Versus Traditional Corticotomy on the Retraction of Maxillary Canines in Class II Division 1 Malocclusion: A Three-Arm Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Cureus 2023; 15:e44190. [PMID: 37641723 PMCID: PMC10460508 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Both invasive and minimally invasive surgical methods have recently gained popularity in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement. Traditional corticotomy (TC) was one of the first effective invasive surgical techniques in shortening orthodontic treatment time, whereas the flapless cortico-alveolar perforations (FCAPs) technique is a modern minimally invasive method that has recently shown good results in different types of orthodontic tooth movement. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of TC versus FCAPs in maxillary canine retraction when treating Class II division 1 malocclusion patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a single-blinded, single-center, three-arm randomized controlled trial. A total of 51 patients (22 males, 29 females, mean age 20.98 ± 1.95) whose treatment planning included the extraction of maxillary first premolars were enrolled and randomly divided into three groups: the TC group, the FCAPs group, and the control group. The assessed outcomes were the amount of canine retraction, anchorage loss, and canines' rotation, which was evaluated at five-time points till the completion of canine retraction. RESULTS There were statistically significant differences in the amount of canine retraction between the three groups in the first two months (p < 0.001), with greater mean values in the TC group (p < 0.001) in the first month. However, the amount of canine retraction in the FCAPs group was significantly greater in the second month compared to the TC group (p = 0.003) and the control group (p < 0.001). In the first month of canine retraction, anchorage loss, and canine rotation were significantly lesser in the TC and FCAPs groups than in the control group (p < 0.001). On the contrary, the canines' rotation amount after the completion of retraction was greater in the TC group than in the other two groups (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION TC and FCAPs are efficient adjunctive surgical methods for accelerating canine retraction. At the end of the first month, the TC accelerated canine retraction by 59.85% and FCAPs by 44% compared to the conventional retraction. At the end of the second month, the acceleration was less than recorded in the first month (35.44% and 50.20%, respectively). The acceleration effect of the surgical interventions appeared transient and did not last in the following observation period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Y Hajeer
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Damascus, Damascus, SYR
| | | | - Hallaj I Alsino
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Damascus, Damascus, SYR
| | - Samer T Jaber
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Watanyia Private University, Hama, SYR
| | - Bassel Brad
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Damascus, Damascus, SYR
| | - Khaldoun Darwich
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Damascus, Damascus, SYR
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Kwak D, Combriat T, Jensenius AR, Olsen PA. Characterization of Mechanical and Cellular Effects of Rhythmic Vertical Vibrations on Adherent Cell Cultures. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:811. [PMID: 37508838 PMCID: PMC10376548 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10070811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper presents an innovative experimental setup that employs the principles of audio technology to subject adherent cells to rhythmic vertical vibrations. We employ a novel approach that combines three-axis acceleration measurements and particle tracking velocimetry to evaluate the setup's performance. This allows us to estimate crucial parameters such as root mean square acceleration, fluid flow patterns, and shear stress generated within the cell culture wells when subjected to various vibration types. The experimental conditions consisted of four vibrational modes: No Vibration, Continuous Vibration, Regular Pulse, and Variable Pulse. To evaluate the effects on cells, we utilized fluorescence microscopy and a customized feature extraction algorithm to analyze the F-actin filament structures. Our findings indicate a consistent trend across all vibrated cell cultures, revealing a reduction in size and altered orientation (2D angle) of the filaments. Furthermore, we observed cell accumulations in the G1 cell cycle phase in cells treated with Continuous Vibration and Regular Pulse. Our results demonstrate a negative correlation between the magnitude of mechanical stimuli and the size of F-actin filaments, as well as a positive correlation with the accumulations of cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. By unraveling these analyses, this study paves the way for future investigations and provides a compelling framework for comprehending the intricate cellular responses to rhythmic mechanical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongho Kwak
- RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, Department of Musicology, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
- Hybrid Technology Hub, Centre for Organ on a Chip-Technology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Combriat
- Hybrid Technology Hub, Centre for Organ on a Chip-Technology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Physics, Njord Center, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexander Refsum Jensenius
- RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, Department of Musicology, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Petter Angell Olsen
- Hybrid Technology Hub, Centre for Organ on a Chip-Technology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Unit for Cell Signaling, Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, 0372 Oslo, Norway
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Stenroth L, Vartiainen P, Karjalainen PA. Force-velocity profiling in ice hockey skating: reliability and validity of a simple, low-cost field method. Sports Biomech 2023; 22:874-889. [PMID: 32546104 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2020.1770321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, a simple method for force-velocity (F-v) profiling, based on split times, has emerged as a potential tool to examine mechanical variables underlying running sprint performance in field conditions. In this study, the reliability and concurrent validity of F-v profiling based on split times were examined when used for ice hockey skating. It was also tested how a modification of the method, in which the start instant of the sprint is estimated based on optimisation (time shift method), affects the reliability and validity of the method. Both intra- and inter-rater reliability were markedly improved when using the time shift method (approximately 50% decrease in the standard error of measurement). Moreover, the results calculated using the time shift method highly correlated (r > 0.83 for all variables) with the results calculated from a continuously tracked movement of the athlete, which was considered here as the reference method. This study shows that a modification to the previously published simple method for F-v profiling improves intra- and inter-rater reliability of the method in ice hockey skating. The time shift method tested here can be used as a reliable tool to test a player's physical performance characteristic underlying sprint performance in ice hockey skating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauri Stenroth
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Paavo Vartiainen
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pasi A Karjalainen
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Oh J, Chen N, Boyd C. Laboratory evaluation of occupational exposure to hand-arm vibration (HAV) during grounds maintenance equipment operations. Ann Agric Environ Med 2023; 30:384-389. [PMID: 37387391 DOI: 10.26444/aaem/162719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE About 2.5 million workers in the USA are exposed to hand-arm vibration (HAV) from power tools. The aims of the study were to evaluate occupational exposure to HAV during grounds maintenance equipment operations and the effect of general work gloves on vibration magnitude under controlled laboratory conditions. MATERIAL AND METHODS A simulation of grass trimmer, backpack blower, and chainsaw operations was conducted by two participants to measure vibration total value (ahv) using vibration dosimeters wearing gloves. ahv was also measured on the bare hands during grass trimmer and backpack blower operations. RESULTS ahv of the gloved hand was 3.5-5.8, 1.1-2.0, and 3.0-3.6 m/s2 during the grass trimmer, backpack blower, and chainsaw operations, respectively. ahv of the bare hand was 4.5-7.2 and 1.2-2.3 m/s2 for the grass trimmer and blower operations, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The highest HAV exposure was observed during the grass trimmer operation which showed higher vibration attenuation of the gloves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghwa Oh
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States
| | - Nathan Chen
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States
| | - Charles Boyd
- Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control, Troy, AL, United States
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Mousa MR, Hajeer MY, Burhan AS, Heshmeh O, Alam MK. The effectiveness of minimally-invasive corticotomy-assisted orthodontic treatment of palatally impacted canines compared to the traditional traction method in terms of treatment duration, velocity of traction movement and the associated dentoalveolar changes: A randomized controlled trial. F1000Res 2023; 12:699. [PMID: 37920456 PMCID: PMC10618642 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.135338.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a minimally-invasive corticotomy-assisted treatment of palatally impacted canines (PICs) compared with the traditional method by evaluating treatment time, the velocity of movement, and the associated dentoalveolar changes. Materials and methods: Forty-six patients with palatally or mid-alveolar upper impacted canines were recruited and distributed into two groups: the corticotomy-assisted traction group (CAT group, mean age: 20.39±2.27 years) and the traditional treatment group (TT group, mean age: 20.26±2.17 years). The closed surgical approach was used in both study groups. The velocity of traction movement, traction duration and overall treatment duration were evaluated clinically. In addition, the bone support ratios and the amount of root resorption were assessed on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Results: At the end of treatment, significant differences were found between the two groups regarding the velocity of traction movement, traction time, and overall treatment time (P<0.05). The mean velocity of traction movement in the CAT group was greater than the TT group ( x velocity=1.15±0.35 mm/month; 0.70±0.33 mm/month, P=0.027, respectively). The duration of the active traction and the overall orthodontic treatment in the CAT group were significantly shorter than the TT group by 36% and 29%, respectively. The mean bone support ratios of the aligned canines did not differ significantly between the two groups (88% vs. 89% in the CAT and TT groups, respectively). No significant differences were found between the two groups regarding the mean amount of root resorption on the adjacent laterals ( x resorption = 1.30±1.18 mm; 1.22±1.02 mm, P=0.612, in CAT and TT groups, respectively). Conclusions: The traction movement velocity of the palatally impacted canines can be increased using minimally-invasive corticotomy-assisted orthodontic treatment. The side effects of the acceleration procedure were minimal and almost similar to those of the traditional technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahran R. Mousa
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Damascus Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus, Damascus, Syria
| | - Mohammad Younis Hajeer
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Damascus Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus, Damascus, Syria
| | - Ahmad S. Burhan
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Damascus Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus, Damascus, Syria
| | - Omar Heshmeh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Damascus Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus, Damascus, Syria
| | - Mohammad Khursheed Alam
- Orthodontic Division, Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72345, Saudi Arabia
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Yang F, Zhang J, Li G, Zhu J, Tang X, Hu C. Regularized SUPER-CAIPIRINHA: Accelerating 3D variable flip-angle T 1 mapping with accurate and efficient reconstruction. Magn Reson Med 2023. [PMID: 37246893 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To propose an acceleration method for 3D variable flip-angle (VFA) T1 mapping based on a technique called shift undersampling improves parametric mapping efficiency and resolution (SUPER). METHODS The proposed method incorporates strategies of SUPER, controlled aliasing in volumetric parallel imaging (CAIPIRINHA), and total variation-based regularization to accelerate 3D VFA T1 mapping. The k-space sampling grid of CAIPIRINHA is internally undersampled with SUPER along the contrast dimension. A proximal algorithm was developed to preserve the computational efficiency of SUPER in the presence of regularization. The regularized SUPER-CAIPIRINHA (rSUPER-CAIPIRINHA) was compared with low rank plus sparsity (L + S), reconstruction of principal component coefficient maps (REPCOM), and other SUPER-based methods via simulations and in vivo brain T1 mapping. The results were assessed quantitatively with NRMSE and structural similarity index measure (SSIM), and qualitatively by two experienced reviewers. RESULTS rSUPER-CAIPIRINHA achieved a lower NRMSE and higher SSIM than L + S (0.11 ± 0.01 vs. 0.19 ± 0.03, p < 0.001; 0.66 ± 0.05 vs. 0.37 ± 0.03, p < 0.001) and REPCOM (0.16 ± 0.02, p < 0.001; 0.46 ± 0.04, p < 0.001). The reconstruction time of rSUPER-CAIPIRINHA was 6% of L + S and 2% of REPCOM. For the qualitative comparison, rSUPER-CAIPIRINHA showed improvement of overall image quality and reductions of artifacts and blurring, although with a lower apparent SNR. Compared with 2D SUPER-SENSE, rSUPER-CAIPIRINHA significantly reduced NRMSE (0.11 ± 0.01 vs. 0.23 ± 0.04, p < 0.001) and generated less noisy reconstructions. CONCLUSION By incorporating SUPER, CAIPIRINHA, and regularization, rSUPER-CAIPIRINHA mitigated noise amplification, reduced artifacts and blurring, and achieved faster reconstructions compared with L + S and REPCOM. These advantages render 3D rSUPER-CAIPIRINHA VFA T1 mapping potentially useful for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Institute for Medical Imaging Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- United Imaging Healthcare Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guobin Li
- United Imaging Healthcare Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayu Zhu
- United Imaging Healthcare Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Tang
- Institute for Medical Imaging Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- United Imaging Healthcare Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxi Hu
- Institute for Medical Imaging Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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van den Tillaar R, Pojskic H, Andersson H. Sprint skating profile of competitive male bandy players: determination of positional differences and playing level. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1055863. [PMID: 37304822 PMCID: PMC10250590 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1055863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare sprint skating profile characteristics of the different playing positions of junior and senior bandy players. In total, 111 male national-level bandy players (age: 20.7 ± 5.0 years, height: 1.80 ± 0.05 m, body mass: 76.4 ± 0.4 kg, training experience: 13.8 ± 5.0 yrs) were tested on their sprint skating profile over 80 m. The main findings were that no differences between positions were found in sprint skating performance (speed and acceleration), but that elite players were in general heavier (p < 0.05) than junior players (80.0 ± 7.1 vs. 73.1 ± 8.1 kg), they could accelerate faster (2.96 ± 0.22 vs. 2.81 ± 0.28 m/s2), and they reached a higher velocity (10.83 ± 0.37 vs. 10.24 ± 0.42 m/s) earlier over 80 m than the junior players. This implies that junior level players should spend more time in power and sprint training to meet the specific demands of playing at a higher, elite level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haris Pojskic
- Department of Sports Science, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
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Li Y, Dong X, Yu X. Dynamic Characteristic Model of Giant Magnetostrictive Transducer with Double Terfenol-D Rods. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 14:1103. [PMID: 37374688 DOI: 10.3390/mi14061103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Giant magnetostrictive transducer can be widely used in active vibration control, micro-positioning mechanism, energy harvesting system, and ultrasonic machining. Hysteresis and coupling effects are present in transducer behavior. The accurate prediction of output characteristics is critical for a transducer. A dynamic characteristic model of a transducer is proposed, by providing a modeling methodology capable of characterizing the nonlinearities. To attain this objective, the output displacement, acceleration, and force are discussed, the effects of operating conditions on the performance of Terfenol-D are studied, and a magneto-mechanical model for the behavior of transducer is proposed. A prototype of the transducer is fabricated and tested to verify the proposed model. The output displacement, acceleration, and force have been theoretically and experimentally studied at different working conditions. The results show that, the displacement amplitude, acceleration amplitude, and force amplitude are about 49 μm, 1943 m/s2, and 20 N. The error between the model and experimental results are 3 μm, 57 m/s2, and 0.2 N. Calculation results and experimental results show a good agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafang Li
- School of Information and Automation Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Xia Dong
- School of Information and Automation Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Xiaodong Yu
- School of Information and Automation Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
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Alvarez AL, Maisonet IO, Ruiz O, Lumsden RS, Ferreira APE, Avila Flores EM. Establishing a core dossier for multiple regulatory submissions: a case study in the Latin America region. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1102452. [PMID: 37261120 PMCID: PMC10229127 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1102452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Latin America region comprises several countries that do not follow harmonized regulatory requirements for drug product (DP) marketing authorization applications (MAA), resulting in customized registration dossiers for each country. Here, we established a core dossier for multiple MAA in the Latin America region by examining the similarities between regulatory requirements and reconciling their potential discrepancies through discussions among all national regulatory representatives. The core dossier was used in the submission of a new small molecule, NME1, to nine markets. Assessment of the process included the time to submission; the timing, number, and complexity of questions received; and timing of final national regulatory agencies (NRA) evaluation decisions. The core dossier resulted in an accelerated submission timeline for most markets and earlier receipt of NRA queries from some markets, compared with projections. One round of queries of a low or medium complexity was received from all agencies. The receipt of final NRA evaluation decisions was also accelerated in most markets, compared with the best-case approval timeframes. The core dossier approach was also evaluated against the standard submission of a similar small molecule, NME2. In contrast to the core dossier submission of NME1, a second round of questions, and high-complexity questions were received from two markets for NME2. In conclusion, a core dossier has the potential to simplify the regulatory process for both reviewers and applicants in regions that do not share harmonized regulatory requirements, with a consequential acceleration of DP approvals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irma O. Maisonet
- Global Regulatory Affairs International, Pfizer Ltd, San Juan, PR, United States
| | - Omar Ruiz
- Global Regulatory Affairs International, Pfizer Ltd, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rebecca S. Lumsden
- Global Regulatory Policy and Intelligence, Global Regulatory Affairs, Pfizer Ltd, Tadworth, Surrey, United Kingdom
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