1
|
Ghosh R, Mandal I. Direction-dependent conductivity in planar Hall set-ups with tilted Weyl/multi-Weyl semimetals. J Phys Condens Matter 2024; 36:275501. [PMID: 38547533 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad38fa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
We compute the magnetoelectric conductivity tensors in planar Hall set-ups, which are built with tilted Weyl semimetals (WSMs) and multi-Weyl semimetals (mWSMs), considering all possible relative orientations of the electromagnetic fields (EandB) and the direction of the tilt. The non-Drude part of the response arises from a nonzero Berry curvature in the vicinity of the WSM/mWSM node under consideration. Only in the presence of a nonzero tilt do we find linear-in-|B|terms in set-ups where the tilt-axis is not perpendicular to the plane spanned byEandB. The advantage of the emergence of the linear-in-|B|terms is that, unlike the various|B|2-dependent terms that can contribute to experimental observations, they have purely a topological origin, and they dominate the overall response-characteristics in the realistic parameter regimes. The important signatures of these terms are that they (1) change the periodicity of the response fromπto 2π, when we consider their dependence on the angleθbetweenEandB; and (2) lead to an overall change in sign of the conductivity depending onθ, when measured with respect to theB=0case.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Ghosh
- Department of Physics, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence (SNIoE), Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Ipsita Mandal
- Department of Physics, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence (SNIoE), Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kim J, Palmar J, Demetracopoulos C, Ellis S, Deland J. Radiographic Analysis of Valgus Ankle Deformity With or Without Medial Longitudinal Arch Collapse. Foot Ankle Int 2024:10711007241231230. [PMID: 38445609 DOI: 10.1177/10711007241231230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Establishing a surgical plan for ankle deformities necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the deforming forces involved, and the morphology of the ankle deformity plays an important role as well. Valgus tibiotalar tilt development has mostly been described in patients with a low medial longitudinal arch, as seen in progressive collapsing foot deformity (PCFD). However, some valgus ankles demonstrate no radiographic evidence of a collapsed medial arch. This study aims to investigate whether there are differences in the radiographic morphology of valgus ankle deformities between patients with and without a low medial longitudinal arch to explore if they have different etiologies. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent surgical treatment for asymmetric valgus ankle deformity at our institution between 2017 and 2021. Patients with a valgus tibiotalar tilt (TT) greater than 4 degrees and Meary angle greater than 30 degrees (mean: 38.9) were included in the PCFD group (n = 29). The non-PCFD group (n = 24) with TT greater than 4 degrees and Meary angle less than 4 degrees (mean: 0.3) was also established. In the weightbearing ankle anteroposterior view, the TT and medial distal tibial angle were measured. Additionally, to assess the mediolateral position of the talus, the talar center migration (TCM) and lateral talar dome-plafond distance (LTD-P) ratio in the coronal plane were measured. In weightbearing computed tomography (WBCT), the degree of axial plane talocalcaneal subluxation and the prevalence of sinus tarsi bony impingement were assessed. Intergroup comparison was conducted. RESULTS Both groups demonstrated a similar degree of TT, with a mean of 11.6 degrees in the PCFD group and 13.7 degrees in the non-PCFD group (P = .2330). However, the PCFD group showed a significantly greater TCM and LTD-P ratio compared with those of the non-PCFD group (P < .0001), indicating that PCFD patients have a more medially translated talus in ankle anteroposterior radiographs. WBCT showed that the PCFD group on average had 18 degrees greater axial plane talocalcaneal subluxation (P < .0001) and 52% higher prevalence of sinus tarsi bony impingement (P = .0002) compared with the non-PCFD group. CONCLUSION This study suggests that valgus ankles may exhibit different radiographic morphologies depending on the status of the longitudinal arch. Valgus ankles in PCFD patients tend to have a more medially translated talus. This finding may suggest the presence of different deforming forces between the 2 groups and may indicate the need for different treatment strategies to address talar tilt. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, case-control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyoung Kim
- Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Scott Ellis
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Farag CS, Gouda J, Maher S, El-Fayoumi D, Elhilali H. Incidence and predisposing factors of intraocular Lens tilt following secondary ciliary sulcus implantation in children: An ultrasound biomicroscopic study. Eur J Ophthalmol 2024:11206721241229468. [PMID: 38303122 DOI: 10.1177/11206721241229468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the incidence and causes of intraocular lens (IOL) tilt and changes in anterior chamber angle after secondary IOL sulcus implantation following congenital cataract removal. METHODS A retrospective observational study was conducted on children who underwent secondary sulcus IOL implantation following pediatric cataract removal in the period from 2017-2020 in Cairo university Hospitals. Children were examined for IOL position, centration, and tilt. Intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement, fundus and gonioscopic examination was performed. Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) was performed on both eyes in children with clinically detected tilt. RESULTS Ciliary sulcus secondary IOL implantation was performed in 102 eyes (57 children). IOL tilt was detected clinically in 16 eyes of 14 children (15.7%). UBM showed clinically undetected tilt in the fellow eye in additional 4 eyes. The mean angle of tilt was 12.8 ± 3.9° in clinically detected tilt compared to 7.5 ± 1.2° in UBM detected tilt. Mean anterior chamber depth (ACD) was 2.4 ± 0.5 mm IOP was >21 mmHg in 1.9% of eyes. Narrowing of the anterior chamber angle (ACA) after sulcus implantation occurred in 40% of eyes with open angle. Sulcus proliferations and obliterated sulcus were detected in all 20 eyes. Sommering's ring was found in 7 eyes (35%). Axial length, corneal diameter, and presence of persistent fetal vasculature did not affect IOL position. CONCLUSION The presence of residual lens matter or an obliterated ciliary sulcus is associated with a higher incidence of IOL malposition following ciliary sulcus implantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jylan Gouda
- Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sara Maher
- Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina El-Fayoumi
- Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala Elhilali
- Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Franceschetti E, Giovannetti de Sanctis E, Gregori P, Paciotti M, Palumbo A, Franceschi F. Angled BIO-RSA leads to better inclination and clinical outcomes compared to Standard BIO-RSA and eccentric reaming: A comparative study. Shoulder Elbow 2023; 15:35-42. [PMID: 37974648 PMCID: PMC10649506 DOI: 10.1177/17585732211067156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Two surgical techniques were compared : Standard BIO-RSA, performed with a glenoid eccentric reaming along with a cylindric bone graft augmentation vs. the Angled BIO-RSA, performed with a glenoid concentric reaming and a defect correction with an angled bone graft. Methods Patients undergoing RSA from January 2016 to April 2019, with one of the two techniques being performed, were retrospectively reviewed. Glenoids were classified according to Favard. Clinical (Constant-Murley, VAS and ROM) and radiographic (superior tilt correction) data were collected pre-operatively and at 12 months post-operatively. Results 141 shoulders were included. Angled BIO-RSA group showed statistically significant better outcomes in terms of forward flexion (149.9° Vs 139.3°) and abduction (136.4° Vs 126.7°). The use of an Angled BIO-RSA showed a statistically significant better superior tilt correction (1.252° Vs 4.09°). Angled BIO-RSA, leads to a better inclination correction and a mean postoperative tilt value inferior to 5° in E1 and E3 differently from standard BIO-RSA. Discussion Both techniques were able to correct glenoid superior inclination with excellent postoperative short-term results. However, angled BIO-RSA technique appears to be more effective in ensuring a correct inclination of the prosthetic glenoid component with better clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Franceschetti
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Campus Biomedico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Pietro Gregori
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Campus Biomedico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Paciotti
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Campus Biomedico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Palumbo
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, San Pietro Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Franceschi
- UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, San Pietro Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cameron NW, Karadaghy A, Mitchell MK, Ajlan RS. Optic inversion of scleral-fixated intraocular lens after vitrectomy with fluid-air exchange: case series and review of the literature. J Surg Case Rep 2023; 2023:rjad600. [PMID: 38026751 PMCID: PMC10640673 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjad600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lens dislocation is a significant complication after cataract surgery. Scleral fixation of 3-piece intraocular lens provides favorable visual outcome and can spare patients the need for lens exchange. Two patients presented with dislocated 3-piece lenses implanted over 10 years earlier. Both patients underwent pars plana vitrectomy and dropped lens rescue with scleral fixation. Postoperatively, the lens optic was found flipped nearly 90° at the optic-haptic junctions secondary to fluid-air exchange performed during vitrectomy. Both patients underwent intraocular lens exchange with a four point sclera fixated lens. Our study found that air tamponade is better avoided during rescue of old dislocated 3-piece lens implants. Intraocular lens exchange is preferred, when possible, to avoid complications associated with old dislocated lenses. Larger studies are needed to determine the effect of time on dislocated lens implants materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel W Cameron
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Amin Karadaghy
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Mary K Mitchell
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Radwan S Ajlan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gong M, Jiang R, Zhao B, Kong J, Liu Z, Qian C, He X, Gu J. Relationship between vascular access and angulation of vena cava filter at placement and retrieval: a multicenter retrospective cohort study. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2023; 14:20406223231200254. [PMID: 37745816 PMCID: PMC10515605 DOI: 10.1177/20406223231200254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Inferior vena cava (IVC) filters are commonly used intravascular devices designed to prevent fatal pulmonary embolism (PE), maintaining the IVC filter as centered as possible is fundamental for achieving its filtration function. Objective This study aimed to characterize the tilt angles of IVC filter between the vascular access of internal jugular vein (IJV) and femoral vein (FV), as well as to identify factors associated with increased or decreased tilt angles between placement and retrieval. Design This is a multicenter retrospective study. Methods A multicenter retrospective study was conducted from October 2017 to March 2019. The primary outcome was the change in filter tilt between placement and retrieval. The secondary outcome was the identifications of factors associated with increased or decreased tilt angle. Relevant variables were analyzed using t-tests, Chi-square tests, Fisher's exact tests, while multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine risk factors. Results A total of 184 eligible patients were included in this study. The IJV group had a lower likelihood of tilt angle over 10° at the time of placement compared to the FVs group (0% versus 12.5%, p = 0.040). Among the 171 patients with a mean dwell time of 22.1 days, the IJV group had a higher likelihood of tilt angle over 10° than the FVs group (10.3% versus 2.3%, p = 0.080). The use of FVs access at placement was associated with a higher difference between placement and retrieval filter tilt angles (p < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension [odds ratio (OR) 0.668; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.328-1.358, p = 0.265], cardiologic artery disease (OR 0.537; 95% CI 0.136-2.130, p = 0.377), cerebral venous disease (OR 0.555; 95% CI 0.186-1.651, p = 0.290), filter types (OR 1.624; 95% CI 0.851-3.096, p = 0.141), and IVC filter thrombosis (OR 1.634; 95% CI 0.804-3.323, p = 0.175) were not associated with increased filter tilt angle. Right side (OR 0.434; 95% CI 0.202-0.930, p = 0.032) or bilateral lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (LEDVT) (OR 0.383; 95% CI 0.148-0.995, p = 0.049) were identified as protective factors. Conclusion IJV access was associated with a lower filter tilt angle at the time of placement, while FVs access was linked to a higher difference between placement and retrieval tilt angles. Right side or bilateral LEDVT were identified as protective factors against increased IVC filter tilt angle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maofeng Gong
- Department of Interventional and Vascular Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Rui Jiang
- Department of Interventional and Vascular Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Boxiang Zhao
- Department of Interventional and Vascular Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jie Kong
- Department of Interventional and Vascular Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Zhengli Liu
- Department of Interventional and Vascular Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Qian
- Department of Interventional and Vascular Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xu He
- Department of Interventional and Vascular Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Gu
- Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cuinet T, Nérot C, Godenèche A, Peduzzi L. Surgical Approach for RSA has Little or no Influence on Scapular Inclination and Glenoid Baseplate Tilt Relative to the Horizontal. J Shoulder Elb Arthroplast 2023; 7:24715492231192227. [PMID: 37575313 PMCID: PMC10422891 DOI: 10.1177/24715492231192227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Determine whether reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) glenoid baseplate tilt is influenced by surgical approach and/or associated with functional scores. Methods In total, 501 shoulders (483 patients) who underwent RSA, by anterosuperior (AS, n = 88) or deltopectoral (DP, n = 413) approach. Preoperative and immediate postoperative anteroposterior and scapular Y-view radiographs were used to measure: Inclination of the supraspinatus fossa's floor relative to the horizontal (Sigma angle), inclination of the glenoid fossa line (or glenoid baseplate surface) relative to the horizontal (beta-h angle) or to the supraspinatus fossa's floor (beta-s angle). Results Sigma and beta-h were significantly greater for shoulders operated by DP approach, both preoperatively (P < .001, P = .002) and postoperatively (P = .004, P < .001), but net change was not significantly different (P = .501, P = .742). Conversely, beta-s was significantly greater for shoulders operated by DP approach, only postoperatively (P = .042), but there were no significant differences in either preoperative angles (P = .580) or net change thereof (P = .528). Conclusion Beta-s was slightly but significantly greater for shoulders operated by DP approach, while beta-h and sigma depended primarily on preoperative scapular inclination and glenoid tilt, rather than on surgical approach. At a minimum of 2 years following RSA, neither constant scores nor net improvements thereof were significantly associated with any of the angles. Level of evidence IV, case series.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Cuinet
- Centre Chirurgical Émile-Gallé, CHU de Nancy, Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
- SoFEC-French Shoulder and Elbow Society, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Nérot
- SoFEC-French Shoulder and Elbow Society, Paris, France
- Orthopaedic and Traumatology Department, Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Arnaud Godenèche
- SoFEC-French Shoulder and Elbow Society, Paris, France
- Hôpital Privé Jean Mermoz, Ramsay Santé, Centre Orthopédique Santy, Lyon, France
| | - Lisa Peduzzi
- Centre Chirurgical Émile-Gallé, CHU de Nancy, Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
- SoFEC-French Shoulder and Elbow Society, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Quattrocchi A, Martella F, Lukaj V, De Leo R, Villari M, Montanini R. Designing a Low-Cost System to Monitor the Structural Behavior of Street Lighting Poles in Smart Cities. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:6993. [PMID: 37571776 PMCID: PMC10422296 DOI: 10.3390/s23156993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The structural collapse of a street lighting pole represents an aspect that is often underestimated and unpredictable, but of relevant importance for the safety of people and things. These events are complex to evaluate since several sources of damage are involved. In addition, traditional inspection methods are ineffective, do not correctly quantify the residual life of poles, and are inefficient, requiring enormous costs associated with the vastness of elements to be investigated. An advantageous alternative is to adopt a distributed type of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) technique based on the Internet of Things (IoT). This paper proposes the design of a low-cost system, which is also easy to integrate in current infrastructures, for monitoring the structural behavior of street lighting poles in Smart Cities. At the same time, this device collects previous structural information and offers some secondary functionalities related to its application, such as meteorological information. Furthermore, this paper intends to lay the foundations for the development of a method that is able to avoid the collapse of the poles. Specifically, the implementation phase is described in the aspects concerning low-cost devices and sensors for data acquisition and transmission and the strategies of information technologies (ITs), such as Cloud/Edge approaches, for storing, processing and presenting the achieved measurements. Finally, an experimental evaluation of the metrological performance of the sensing features of this system is reported. The main results highlight that the employment of low-cost equipment and open-source software has a double implication. On one hand, they entail advantages such as limited costs and flexibility to accommodate the specific necessities of the interested user. On the other hand, the used sensors require an indispensable metrological evaluation of their performance due to encountered issues relating to calibration, reliability and uncertainty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Quattrocchi
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, C.da di Dio, 98166 Messina, Italy; (F.M.); (V.L.); (R.D.L.); (R.M.)
| | - Francesco Martella
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, C.da di Dio, 98166 Messina, Italy; (F.M.); (V.L.); (R.D.L.); (R.M.)
| | - Valeria Lukaj
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, C.da di Dio, 98166 Messina, Italy; (F.M.); (V.L.); (R.D.L.); (R.M.)
| | - Rocco De Leo
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, C.da di Dio, 98166 Messina, Italy; (F.M.); (V.L.); (R.D.L.); (R.M.)
| | - Massimo Villari
- Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, Physics and Earth Science (MIFT), University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy;
| | - Roberto Montanini
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, C.da di Dio, 98166 Messina, Italy; (F.M.); (V.L.); (R.D.L.); (R.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ruiz-Malagón EJ, García-Pinillos F, Molina-Molina A, Soto-Hermoso VM, Ruiz-Alias SA. RunScribe Sacral Gait Lab™ Validation for Measuring Pelvic Kinematics during Human Locomotion at Different Speeds. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:2604. [PMID: 36904808 PMCID: PMC10007442 DOI: 10.3390/s23052604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Optoelectronic motion capture systems are considered the gold standard for measuring walking and running kinematics parameters. However, these systems prerequisites are not feasible for practitioners as they entail a laboratory environment and time to process and calculate the data. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the validity of the three-sensor RunScribe Sacral Gait Lab™ inertial measurement unit (IMU) in measuring pelvic kinematics in terms of vertical oscillation, tilt, obliquity, rotational range of motion, and the maximum angular rates during walking and running on a treadmill. Pelvic kinematic parameters were measured simultaneously using an eight-camera motion analysis system (Qualisys Medical AB, GÖTEBORG, Sweden) and the three-sensor RunScribe Sacral Gait Lab™ (Scribe Lab. Inc. San Francisco, CA, USA) in a sample of 16 healthy young adults. An acceptable level of agreement was considered if the following criteria were met: low bias and SEE (<0.2 times the between-subject differences SD), almost perfect (r > 0.90), and good reliability (ICC > 0.81). The results obtained reveal that the three-sensor RunScribe Sacral Gait Lab™ IMU did not reach the validity criteria established for any of the variables and velocities tested. The results obtained therefore show significant differences between the systems for the pelvic kinematic parameters measured during both walking and running.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilio J. Ruiz-Malagón
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Felipe García-Pinillos
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | | | - Víctor M. Soto-Hermoso
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Santiago A. Ruiz-Alias
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Handley CM, Ward RE, Freeman CL, Reaney IM, Sinclair DC, Harding JH. Dynamic tilting in perovskites. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2023; 79:163-170. [PMID: 36862041 PMCID: PMC9979940 DOI: 10.1107/s2053273322011949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A new computational analysis of tilt behaviour in perovskites is presented. This includes the development of a computational program - PALAMEDES - to extract tilt angles and the tilt phase from molecular dynamics simulations. The results are used to generate simulated selected-area electron and neutron diffraction patterns which are compared with experimental patterns for CaTiO3. The simulations not only reproduced all symmetrically allowed superlattice reflections associated with tilt but also showed local correlations that give rise to symmetrically forbidden reflections and the kinematic origin of diffuse scattering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Handley
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, United Kingdom
| | - Robyn E. Ward
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, United Kingdom,Digital Research Service, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Colin L. Freeman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, United Kingdom
| | - Ian M. Reaney
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, United Kingdom
| | - Derek C. Sinclair
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, United Kingdom
| | - John H. Harding
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, United Kingdom,Correspondence e-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Łuczak S, Zams M, Dąbrowski B, Kusznierewicz Z. Tilt Sensor with Recalibration Feature Based on MEMS Accelerometer. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:1504. [PMID: 35214402 PMCID: PMC8877624 DOI: 10.3390/s22041504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The main errors of MEMS accelerometers are misalignments of their sensitivity axes, thermal and long-term drifts, imprecise factory calibration, and aging phenomena. In order to reduce these errors, a two-axial tilt sensor comprising a triaxial MEMS accelerometer, an aligning unit, and solid cubic housing was built. By means of the aligning unit it was possible to align the orientation of the accelerometer sensitive axes with respect to the housing with an accuracy of 0.03°. Owing to the housing, the sensor could be easily and quickly recalibrated, and thus errors such as thermal and long-term drifts as well as effects of aging were eliminated. Moreover, errors due to local and temporal variations of the gravitational acceleration can be compensated for. Procedures for calibrating and aligning the accelerometer are described. Values of thermal and long-term drifts of the tested sensor, resulting in tilt errors of even 0.4°, are presented. Application of the sensor for monitoring elevated loads is discussed.
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang L, Liu K, Nie F, Duan X. Research advance in optic disc tilt and rotation in high myopia and its implications for glaucoma and visual field defects. Eur J Ophthalmol 2021; 32:2505-2514. [PMID: 34859716 DOI: 10.1177/11206721211063716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
High myopia is of worldwide concern due to its high prevalence, and myopia is an independent risk factor for glaucoma. The purpose of this paper is to review the mechanism and clinical manifestations of optic disc tilt and rotation in high myopia and its relationship with glaucoma, to provide clues for monitoring fundus changes in high myopia and the early diagnosis of high myopia with glaucoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lurong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, 70566The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, 70566The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fen Nie
- Department of Ophthalmology, 70566The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuanchu Duan
- Department of Ophthalmology, 70566The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,159368Central South University, Aier School of Ophthalmology, Aier Eye Hospital, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Taboni A, Fagoni N, Fontolliet T, Moia C, Vinetti G, Ferretti G. A closed-loop approach to the study of the baroreflex dynamics during posture changes at rest and at exercise in humans. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2021; 321:R960-R968. [PMID: 34643104 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00167.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We hypothesized that during rapid uptilting at rest, due to vagal withdrawal, arterial baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) may decrease promptly and precede the operating point (OP) resetting, whereas different kinetics are expected during exercise steady state, due to lower vagal activity than at rest. To test this, eleven subjects were rapidly (<2 s) tilted from supine (S) to upright (U) and vice versa every 3 min, at rest and during steady-state 50 W pedaling. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured by finger cuff (Portapres) and R-to-R interval (RRi) by electrocardiography. BRS was computed with the sequence method both during steady and unsteady states. At rest, BRS was 35.1 ms·mmHg-1 (SD = 17.1) in S and 16.7 ms·mmHg-1 (SD = 6.4) in U (P < 0.01), RRi was 901 ms (SD = 118) in S and 749 ms (SD = 98) in U (P < 0.01), and MAP was 76 mmHg (SD = 11) in S and 83 mmHg (SD = 8) in U (P < 0.01). During uptilt, BRS decreased promptly [first BRS sequence was 19.7 ms·mmHg-1 (SD = 5.0)] and was followed by an OP resetting (MAP increase without changes in RRi). At exercise, BRS and OP did not differ between supine and upright positions [BRS was 7.7 ms·mmHg-1 (SD = 3.0) and 7.7 ms·mmHg-1 (SD = 3.5), MAP was 85 mmHg (SD = 13) and 88 mmHg (SD = 10), and RRi was 622 ms (SD = 61) and 600 ms (SD = 70), respectively]. The results support the tested hypothesis. The prompt BRS decrease during uptilt at rest may be ascribed to a vagal withdrawal, similarly to what occurs at exercise onset. The OP resetting may be due to a slower control mechanism, possibly an increase in sympathetic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Taboni
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pharmacology, Intensive Care, and Emergencies, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nazzareno Fagoni
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pharmacology, Intensive Care, and Emergencies, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,AAT Brescia, Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Spedali Civili University Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Timothée Fontolliet
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pharmacology, Intensive Care, and Emergencies, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christian Moia
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pharmacology, Intensive Care, and Emergencies, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Vinetti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Guido Ferretti
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pharmacology, Intensive Care, and Emergencies, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Morzy D, Joshi H, Sandler SE, Aksimentiev A, Keyser UF. Membrane Activity of a DNA-Based Ion Channel Depends on the Stability of Its Double-Stranded Structure. Nano Lett 2021; 21:9789-9796. [PMID: 34767378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
DNA nanotechnology has emerged as a promising method for designing spontaneously inserting and fully controllable synthetic ion channels. However, both insertion efficiency and stability of existing DNA-based membrane channels leave much room for improvement. Here, we demonstrate an approach to overcoming the unfavorable DNA-lipid interactions that hinder the formation of a stable transmembrane pore. Our all-atom MD simulations and experiments show that the insertion-driving cholesterol modifications can cause fraying of terminal base pairs of nicked DNA constructs, distorting them when embedded in a lipid bilayer. Importantly, we show that DNA nanostructures with no backbone discontinuities form more stable conductive pores and insert into membranes with a higher efficiency than the equivalent nicked constructs. Moreover, lack of nicks allows design and maintenance of membrane-spanning helices in a tilted orientation within the lipid bilayer. Thus, reducing the conformational degrees of freedom of the DNA nanostructures enables better control over their function as synthetic ion channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Morzy
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Himanshu Joshi
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Sarah E Sandler
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Aleksei Aksimentiev
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Ulrich F Keyser
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Consejo A, Fathy A, Lopes BT, Ambrósio R, Abass A. Effect of Corneal Tilt on the Determination of Asphericity. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:s21227636. [PMID: 34833714 PMCID: PMC8618126 DOI: 10.3390/s21227636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To quantify the effect of levelling the corneal surface around the optical axis on the calculated values of corneal asphericity when conic and biconic models are used to fit the anterior corneal surface. Methods: This cross-sectional study starts with a mathematical simulation proving the concept of the effect that the eye's tilt has on the corneal asphericity calculation. Spherical, conic and biconic models are considered and compared. Further, corneal asphericity is analysed in the eyes of 177 healthy participants aged 35.4 ± 15.2. The optical axis was determined using an optimization procedure via the Levenberg-Marquardt nonlinear least-squares algorithm, before fitting the corneal surface to spherical, conic and biconic models. The influence of pupil size (aperture radii of 1.5, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 mm) on corneal radius and asphericity was also analysed. Results: In computer simulations, eye tilt caused an increase in the apical radii of the surface with the increase of the tilt angle in both positive and negative directions and aperture radii in all models. Fitting the cornea to spherical models did not show a significant difference between the raw-measured corneal surfaces and the levelled surfaces for right and left eyes. When the conic models were fitted to the cornea, changes in the radii of the cornea among the raw-measured corneal surfaces' data and levelled data were not significant; however, significant differences were recorded in the asphericity of the anterior surfaces at radii of aperture 1.5 mm (p < 0.01). With the biconic model, the posterior surfaces recorded significant asphericity differences at aperture radii of 1.5 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm and 5 mm (p = 0.01, p < 0.01, p < 0.01 & p < 0.01, respectively) in the nasal temporal direction of right eyes and left eyes (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, p < 0.01 & p < 0.01, respectively). In the superior-inferior direction, significant changes were only noticed at aperture radii of 1.5 mm for both right and left eyes (p = 0.05, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Estimation of human corneal asphericity from topography or tomography data using conic and biconic models of corneas are affected by eyes' natural tilt. In contrast, the apical radii of the cornea are less affected. Using corneal asphericity in certain applications such as fitting contact lenses, corneal implant design, planning for refractive surgery and mathematical modelling when a geometrical centre of the eye is needed should be implemented with caution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Consejo
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Arwa Fathy
- Sixth Form, Wirral Grammar School for Girls, Bebington CH63 3AF, UK;
| | - Bernardo T. Lopes
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 1500 Vila Clementino, São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil; (B.T.L.); (R.A.J.)
- Department of Civil Engineering and Industrial Design, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, UK
| | - Renato Ambrósio
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 1500 Vila Clementino, São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil; (B.T.L.); (R.A.J.)
| | - Ahmed Abass
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, UK
- Department of Production Engineering and Mechanical Design, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xiao Z, Wang G, Zhen M, Zhao Z. Stability of Intraocular Lens With Different Haptic Design: A Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:705873. [PMID: 34568368 PMCID: PMC8455909 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.705873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the stability of intraocular lens (IOLs) with different haptics by swept-source anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Methods: Sixty-eight eyes from 55 patients received the implantation of Rayner 920H (Closed C-loop Group), Zeiss 509M (Plate Group) or Lenstec SOFTEC HD (C-loop Group) IOLs. The tilt and decentration of IOLs were evaluated using AS-OCT at least 1 month postoperatively. Results: Mean decentration and tilt of IOLs were 0.18 ± 0.12 mm (range 0.02 to 0.59 mm) and 5.63 ± 1.65° (range 2.2 to 9.6°) respectively. Decentration was significantly smaller in the plate haptic group (0.12 ± 0.06 mm) as compared to the C-loop group (0.22 ± 0.13 mm, P = 0.02). The tilt of IOL was also significantly smaller in the plate haptic group (4.96 ± 0.89°) as compared to the C-loop group (6.28 ± 1.83°, P = 0.01). There was marginal difference between the Closed C-loop group (5.52 ± 1.74°) and C-loop group (6.28 ± 1.83°, P = 0.07). Conclusions: The Plate-haptic IOLs should have better stability for the decentration and tilt than the C-loop design IOLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Xiao
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, China
| | - Geng Wang
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, China
| | - Miaoru Zhen
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, China
| | - Zifeng Zhao
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Innmann MM, Merle C, Phan P, Beaulé PE, Grammatopoulos G. Differences in Spinopelvic Characteristics Between Hip Osteoarthritis Patients and Controls. J Arthroplasty 2021; 36:2808-2816. [PMID: 33846047 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2021.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study of patients with hip primary osteoarthritis and a matched, asymptomatic, volunteers (controls) group aimed to determine spinopelvic differences between the two groups and their consequences for total hip arthroplasty. METHODS 104 patients (52 in each group) had their sagittal spinopelvic parameters (lumbar lordosis angle, sacral slope, pelvic tilt, pelvic incidence, and the pelvic-femoral angle) measured in the standing, relaxed-seated, and deep-flexed seated positions. Spinopelvic movement was calculated as the change between the different positions, and individual spinopelvic mobility was classified in accordance with the change in pelvic tilt as previously described (ΔPT: stiff (<10°), normal (10-30°), and hypermobile (>30°)). RESULTS Transitioning from the standing to relaxed-seated position, patients demonstrated 13˚ less hip flexion (P < .001), 12˚ more posterior pelvic tilt (P = .006), and 6˚ more lumbar flexion (P = .038) compared with controls. Transitioning from the standing to deep-flexed seated position, patients demonstrated 18˚ less hip flexion (P < .001), accompanied by a posterior and not an anterior pelvic tilt as in the controls (7˚ ± 14 vs -6˚ ± 17; P < .001). Patients showed a higher percentage of spinopelvic hypermobility (19% vs 2%; P = .008). CONCLUSION The reduced ability of flexion in the arthritic hip, leads to posterior pelvic tilt in the relaxed-seated position. This is associated with a likely compensatory increased lumbar flexion to keep an upright position. Therefore, spinopelvic hypermobility has to be defined as pathologic. When moving to the deep-flexed seated position, decreased flexion of the arthritic hip prevents the pelvis from tilting anteriorly while the lumbar spine performs a compensatory flexion by approximately the same amount compared with controls. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II, diagnostic study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz M Innmann
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Critical Care Wing, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Merle
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philippe Phan
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Critical Care Wing, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul E Beaulé
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Critical Care Wing, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - George Grammatopoulos
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Critical Care Wing, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gagné MP, Richebé P, Loubert C, Drolet P, Gobert Q, Denault A, Zaphiratos V. Ultrasound evaluation of inferior vena cava compression in tilted and supine term parturients. Can J Anaesth 2021; 68:1507-1513. [PMID: 34212308 DOI: 10.1007/s12630-021-02051-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Hypotension is common following spinal anesthesia (SA) during elective Cesarean delivery (CD). Although common practice is to alleviate inferior vena cava (IVC) compression, limited evidence supports a 15° tilt for CD. We measured collapsibility of the IVC in supine and 15° left lateral tilt positions with ultrasound before and after SA and phenylephrine infusion in term parturients. METHODS Twenty term parturients scheduled for CD were recruited for this prospective study. Ultrasound measurements of the IVC were taken 1) supine before SA, 2) tilted 15° before SA, 3) supine after SA, and 4) tilted 15° after SA. A phenylephrine infusion was begun after injection of SA. The primary outcome was to evaluate the impact of position on the IVC collapsibility index (IVCCI): a measure of the difference between the maximum and minimum IVC diameter with respiration. RESULTS The mean (standard deviation) IVCCI (%) before SA was higher in the supine 19.5 (8.0) than in the tilted 15.0 (6.4) position (mean difference, 4.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.1 to 8.9; P = 0.04). After SA, there was no significant difference between IVCCI (%) in the supine 17.8 (8.3) and tilted 14.2 (6.9) position (mean difference, 3.5; 95% CI, -0.9 to 7.9; P = 0.13). There was no correlation between the pre-spinal IVVCI measurements and the quantity of phenylephrine used during the surgery. CONCLUSION The IVCCI was lower in the 15° tilt position than in the supine position, but not after SA with a phenylephrine infusion. Ultrasound imaging can help identify IVC compression. TRIAL REGISTRATION www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03410199); registered 18 January 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Pierre Gagné
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, CIUSSS de l'Est de l'Ile de Montreal (CEMTL), University of Montreal, 5415 boul. de l'Assomption, Montreal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Philippe Richebé
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, CIUSSS de l'Est de l'Ile de Montreal (CEMTL), University of Montreal, 5415 boul. de l'Assomption, Montreal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Christian Loubert
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, CIUSSS de l'Est de l'Ile de Montreal (CEMTL), University of Montreal, 5415 boul. de l'Assomption, Montreal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Pierre Drolet
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, CIUSSS de l'Est de l'Ile de Montreal (CEMTL), University of Montreal, 5415 boul. de l'Assomption, Montreal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Quentin Gobert
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, CIUSSS de l'Est de l'Ile de Montreal (CEMTL), University of Montreal, 5415 boul. de l'Assomption, Montreal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - André Denault
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Division, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Valerie Zaphiratos
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, CIUSSS de l'Est de l'Ile de Montreal (CEMTL), University of Montreal, 5415 boul. de l'Assomption, Montreal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ning Y, Shao Y, Zhao J, Zhang J, Wang M, Qin Y. Stability of Various Types of Aspheric Intraocular Lenses After Implantation: A One-Year Retrospective Study. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:2183-2190. [PMID: 34103973 PMCID: PMC8179812 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s301887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of the present study was to evaluate the stability of four different types of aspheric intraocular lenses (IOLs) after implantation. Methods This retrospective study included 124 eyes implanted with four different types of aspheric IOLs including a one-piece four-loop fixed hydrophilic acrylic IOL, a one-piece flat fixed acrylic IOL, a one-piece two-loop fixed acrylic IOL, and a three-piece two-loop fixed silicone IOL. IOL decentration, tilt, and ocular coma-like aberration (coma) at one-week, one-month, three-month, and one-year time points were evaluated postoperatively. Results IOL decentration, tilt, and coma in the AO, 36A, IQ, and KS-AiN implantation groups were statistically significantly different one week and one year postoperatively (p < 0.01). There were significant differences between each of the pairs of groups (p < 0.01), except for coma between the AO and 36A implantation groups one week postoperatively (p > 0.05). When comparing the different time points (ie, one week, one month, three months, and one year postoperatively), IOL decentration, tilt, and coma were significantly different in each group (p < 0.05). IOL decentration, tilt, and coma in each group increased over the period from one week to one year postoperatively. A positive linear correlation was observed between IOL decentration or tilt and coma one year postoperatively (p < 0.01). Conclusion One-piece multi-point fixed acrylic IOLs demonstrate better stability when compared with three-piece two-point fixed silicone IOLs. IOL decentration, tilt, and coma increase gradually over time. Ocular coma-like aberrations are influenced by the stability of IOLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ning
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Key Lens Research Laboratory of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yushuang Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Key Lens Research Laboratory of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangyue Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Key Lens Research Laboratory of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Key Lens Research Laboratory of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110005, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingwu Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona, 85711-1824, USA
| | - Yu Qin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Key Lens Research Laboratory of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110005, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wu J, Wang CM. Anisotropic magnetotransport in tilted magnetic topological semimetals. J Phys Condens Matter 2021; 33:165701. [PMID: 33498034 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abdff5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We systematically investigate the anisotropic magneto-conductivity and planar Hall effect in tilted magnetic topological semimetals in the frame of Kubo formula by considering the vertex correction of velocity. The nonzero anisotropic magneto-conductivity is due to the intrinsic magnetization by magnetic doping rather than the external magnetic field previously studied in literatures. In the scenario, tilt, which is common in band structure, plays a key role in this anisotropic magneto-conductivity. This anisotropic magneto-conductivity completely originates from the band anisotropy. The vertex correction only amends the magnitude, but does not change the qualitative behavior of the longitudinal conductivity. However, the planar Hall conductivity is always zero for tilt along bothxandydirections in vivid contrast to the case arising from an external magnetic field. Our work offers a route to understand the anisotropic magneto-conductivity effect in tilted Weyl semimetals with Zeeman field. It will be helpful to get a deeper understanding of the transport characteristic in tilted topological semimetals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Wu
- Department of Physics, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, People's Republic of China
| | - C M Wang
- Department of Physics, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, People's Republic of China
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Salcedo-Bosch A, Rocadenbosch F, Gutiérrez-Antuñano MA, Tiana-Alsina J. Estimation of Wave Period from Pitch and Roll of a Lidar Buoy. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:1310. [PMID: 33673081 DOI: 10.3390/s21041310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This work proposes a new wave-period estimation (L-dB) method based on the power-spectral-density (PSD) estimation of pitch and roll motional time series of a Doppler wind lidar buoy under the assumption of small angles (±22 deg) and slow yaw drifts (1 min), and the neglection of translational motion. We revisit the buoy’s simplified two-degrees-of-freedom (2-DoF) motional model and formulate the PSD associated with the eigenaxis tilt of the lidar buoy, which was modelled as a complex-number random process. From this, we present the L-dB method, which estimates the wave period as the average wavelength associated to the cutoff frequency span at which the spectral components drop off L decibels from the peak level. In the framework of the IJmuiden campaign (North Sea, 29 March–17 June 2015), the L-dB method is compared in reference to most common oceanographic wave-period estimation methods by using a TriaxysTM buoy. Parametric analysis showed good agreement (correlation coefficient, ρ = 0.86, root-mean-square error (RMSE) = 0.46 s, and mean difference, MD = 0.02 s) between the proposed L-dB method and the oceanographic zero-crossing method when the threshold L was set at 8 dB.
Collapse
|
22
|
Gu X, Chen X, Yang G, Wang W, Xiao W, Jin G, Wang L, Dai Y, Ruan X, Liu Z, Luo L, Liu Y. Determinants of intraocular lens tilt and decentration after cataract surgery. Ann Transl Med 2020; 8:921. [PMID: 32953721 PMCID: PMC7475414 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-1008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background To identify the main determinants of intraocular lens (IOL) tilt and decentration after cataract surgery using a novel anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) method. Methods Fifty-six patients who underwent phacoemulsification with IOL implantation in one eye were continuously enrolled in this cohort study. Axial length (AL) was measured with IOL Master 700. The tilt and decentration of patients’ preoperative crystalline lenses and postoperative IOLs, as well as crystalline lens thickness (LT), were measured using AS-OCT before surgery and 1 week after surgery. Results The mean tilt and decentration of the patients’ preoperative crystalline lenses were 4.90°±1.81° and 0.21±0.02 mm, and the mean tilt and decentration of IOLs were 4.75°±1.66° and 0.21±0.02 mm, respectively. There were no significant differences in magnitude, direction of tilt, or decentration between crystalline lenses and IOLs. The strongest determinant of IOL tilt was preoperative crystalline lens tilt (R2=0.512, P<0.001), followed by AL (R2=0.154, P=0.003). Additionally, crystalline lens decentration and AL explained 54.6% of the variability in IOL decentration. AL was the factor most highly associated with IOL decentration (R2=0.332, P<0.001), rather than crystalline lens decentration (R2=0.214, P<0.001). Conclusions The position of the preoperative crystalline lens and AL were the critical determinants of IOL tilt and decentration. The tilt and decentration of IOLs will be greater in patients with larger tilt and decentration of crystalline lenses, or shorter and longer AL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxun Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangyao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangming Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixia Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yizhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ashena Z, Maqsood S, Ahmed SN, Nanavaty MA. Effect of Intraocular Lens Tilt and Decentration on Visual Acuity, Dysphotopsia and Wavefront Aberrations. Vision (Basel) 2020; 4:vision4030041. [PMID: 32937750 PMCID: PMC7559075 DOI: 10.3390/vision4030041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tilt and decentration of intraocular lenses (IOL) may occur secondary to a complicated cataract surgery or following an uneventful phacoemulsification. Although up to 2–3° tilt and a 0.2–0.3 mm decentration are common and clinically unnoticed for any design of IOL, larger extent of tilt and decentration has a negative impact on the optical performance and subsequently, the patients’ satisfaction. This negative impact does not affect various types of IOLs equally. In this paper we review the methods of measuring IOL tilt and decentration and focus on the effect of IOL tilt and decentration on visual function, in particular visual acuity, dysphotopsia, and wavefront aberrations. Our review found that the methods to measure the IOL displacement have significantly evolved and the available studies have employed different methods in their measurement, while comparability of these methods is questionable. There has been no universal reference point and axis to measure the IOL displacement between different studies. A remarkably high variety and brands of IOLs are used in various studies and occasionally, opposite results are noticed when two different brands of a same design were compared against another IOL design in two studies. We conclude that <5° of inferotemporal tilt is common in both crystalline lenses and IOLs with a correlation between pre- and postoperative lens tilt. IOL tilt has been noticed more frequently with scleral fixated compared with in-the-bag IOLs. IOL decentration has a greater impact than tilt on reduction of visual acuity. There was no correlation between IOL tilt and decentration and dysphotopsia. The advantages of aspheric IOLs are lost when decentration is >0.5 mm. The effect of IOL displacement on visual function is more pronounced in aberration correcting IOLs compared to spherical and standard non-aberration correcting aspherical IOLs and in multifocal versus monofocal IOLs. Internal coma has been frequently associated with IOL tilt and decentration, and this increases with pupil size. There is no correlation between spherical aberration and IOL tilt or decentration. Although IOL tilt produces significant impact on visual outcome in toric IOLs, these lenses are more sensitive to rotation compared to tilt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ashena
- Sussex Eye Hospital, Brighton & Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BF, UK;
| | - Sundas Maqsood
- Eastbourne District General Hospital, Kings Drive, Eastbourne BN21 2UD, UK;
| | - Syed Naqib Ahmed
- Northampton General Hospital, Cliftonville, Northampton NN1 5BD, UK;
| | - Mayank A. Nanavaty
- Sussex Eye Hospital, Brighton & Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BF, UK;
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9PX, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-01273-606126
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang J, Jin G, Jin L, Ruan X, Gu X, Wang W, Chen X, Wang L, Dai Y, Liu Z, Luo L, Liu Y. Profiles of intraocular higher-order aberrations in healthy phakic eyes: prospective cross-sectional study. Ann Transl Med 2020; 8:850. [PMID: 32793694 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-1023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Ocular wavefront aberration is a crucial optical factor affecting retinal imaging. Internal aberrations contributed to compensation mechanism of ocular aberration. However, previous studies mainly focused on total and corneal higher order aberrations, and little is known about the profile of internal HOA (IHOA) in healthy subjects. Methods Participants with healthy crystalline lenses were prospective enrolled. The root mean square (RMS) of IHOAs for a pupil diameter of 4 mm were measured with an iTrace aberrometer. Lenticular parameters were measured with a swept source anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Regression analyses were used to determine factors associated with logarithmic IHOAs. Results Sixty-six Chinese participants (132 eyes) ranging from 5 to 59 years were analyzed. Logarithmic IHOA was positively associated with axial length (AL) (coefficient =0.101, P=0.016), and negatively associated with ocular refraction (coefficient =-0.032, P=0.023). Logarithmic internal coma increased by 0.161/mm (P=0.016) as AL became longer and decreased by 0.081/diopter (P<0.001) as ocular refraction became hyperopic. Lens tilt (coefficient =-0.121, P=0.037), decentration (coefficient= 3.027, P=0.003), and radius of anterior lens surface curvature (RAL) (coefficient= 0.096, P=0.026) were associated with logarithmic internal trefoil. lens tilt was also associated with logarithmic internal spherical aberration (coefficient =-0.195, P=0.018) and second astigmatism (coefficient =-0.132, P=0.030). Binocularly, the extent of coma, trefoil was different, while that of spherical aberration, secondary astigmatism was consistent. The vectors of the same type of IHOAs were nearly paralleled. Conclusions IHOAs are mainly affected by ocular refraction, RAL, lens tilt and decentration. Intraocular differences and directions of higher-order aberrations follow certain rules, and their effects on visual function warrant further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangming Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxun Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixia Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yizhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Li S, Chen CL, Loh KJ. Laboratory Evaluation of Railroad Crosslevel Tilt Sensing Using Electrical Time Domain Reflectometry. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:E4470. [PMID: 32785122 DOI: 10.3390/s20164470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Crosslevel is defined as the difference in elevation between the top surface of two railroad tracks. Severe changes in crosslevel, for example, due to earthquakes, ground settlement, or crushed ballasts, affect track geometry and can cause train derailment. Therefore, the objective of this study was to monitoring railroad crosslevel by using electrical time domain reflectometry (ETDR) to simultaneously interrogate multiple capacitive tilt sensor prototypes connected in a transmission line. ETDR works by propagating an electrical pulse signal from one end of the transmission line and then monitoring the characteristics of each reflected pulse, which is affected by the capacitance (or tilt) of the sensors. This study begins with a discussion of the capacitive tilt sensor’s design. These 3D-printed sensors were tested to characterize their tilt sensing performance. Then, multiple tilt sensors were connected in a transmission line and interrogated by ETDR. The ability to use ETDR to multiplex and interrogate sensors subjected to different angles of tilt was validated.
Collapse
|
26
|
Moreau A, Chauchard É, Sévigny S, Giroux I. Tilt in Online Poker: Loss of Control and Gambling Disorder. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E5013. [PMID: 32668576 PMCID: PMC7400001 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Online poker is a form of gambling where an element of skill may influence the outcome of the game. 'Tilt' in poker describes an episode during which the player can no longer control their game by rational decisions. It leads to a loss of control over the game, a loss of emotional regulation, higher cognitive distortion, and a loss of money. This phenomenon, experienced by most players, could be the gateway to excessive gambling. The aim of this study was to assess the links between the frequency of tilt episodes, cognitive distortion, anxiety, depression, sensation seeking and excessive online poker gambling. Our sample is composed of 291 online poker players, with a mean age of 33.8 years (SD = 10.6). Participants completed an online self-assessment questionnaire, measuring the frequency of tilt episodes, cognitive distortion, anxiety, depression and impulsivity. The findings indicated that the frequency of tilt episodes and cognitive distortion were the only significant predictors of excessive online gambling (respectively, r = 0.49 and r = 0.20). Tilt frequency and cognitive distortion were strongly correlated (GRCS, r = 0.60), moderate to low correlations were found for tilt and anxiety (HADS, r = 0.40), and positive and negative urgency (UPPS, r = 0.27). To date, tilt has seldom been studied, and could improve our understanding of online poker gamblers. It could be a new means of identifying at risk gamblers, and thus facilitating preventive measures specifically adapted to this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Axelle Moreau
- École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Pavillon Félix-Antoine-Savard, Québec, QC G1V 0A6Q, Canada;
- Institut Universitaire sur les Dépendances, Montréal, QC H2M 2E8, Canada
| | - Émeline Chauchard
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire, Université de Nantes, 44035 Nantes, France;
| | - Serge Sévigny
- Département des Fondements et Pratiques en Éducation, Faculté des Sciences de L’éducation, Pavillon des Sciences de L’éducation, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Isabelle Giroux
- École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Pavillon Félix-Antoine-Savard, Québec, QC G1V 0A6Q, Canada;
- Institut Universitaire sur les Dépendances, Montréal, QC H2M 2E8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Innmann MM, Merle C, Phan P, Beaulé PE, Grammatopoulos G. How Can Patients With Mobile Hips and Stiff Lumbar Spines Be Identified Prior to Total Hip Arthroplasty? A Prospective, Diagnostic Cohort Study. J Arthroplasty 2020; 35:S255-61. [PMID: 32205003 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2020.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with reduced lumbar spine mobility are at higher risk of dislocation following total hip arthroplasty (THA). Therefore our study aimed to (1) define the optimal protocol for identifying patients with mobile hips and stiff lumbar spines and (2) determine clinical and standing radiographic parameters predicting these patients. METHODS A cohort of 113 patients with end-stage hip osteoarthritis awaiting THA was prospectively studied. Clinical data, patient-reported outcome measures, and spinopelvic radiographs were assessed with the patient in the standing, "relaxed-seated," and "deep-flexed seated" position. A "hip user index" was calculated quantifying the percentage of sagittal hip movement compared to overall movement between the standing and deep-flexed seated position. RESULTS Radiographs in the relaxed-seated position had an accuracy of 56% (95% confidence interval 46-65) to detect patients with stiff lumbar spines, compared to a detected rate of 100% in the deep-flexed seated position. A standing pelvic tilt of ≥19° was the only predictor for being a hip user with a sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 71% (area under the curve 0.83). Patients with a standing pelvic tilt ≥19° and an unbalanced spine with a flatback deformity had a 30× fold relative risk (95% confidence interval 4-226, P < .001) of being a hip user. CONCLUSION Patients awaiting THA and having combined high hip and reduced lumbar spine mobility can be screened for with lateral standing radiographs of the spinopelvic complex. Hip user verification should be done utilizing radiographs in the deep-flexed seated position due to a higher accuracy compared to relaxed-seated radiographs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II, diagnostic study.
Collapse
|
28
|
Xing C, Wang X, Gao Y, Zhang J, Liu Y, Guo Y, Wang C, Feng Y, Lei Y, Zhang X, Li J, Hu W, Zhang S, Yuan L, Gao F. Lower body negative pressure protects brain perfusion in aviation gravitational stress induced by push-pull manoeuvre. J Physiol 2020; 598:3173-3186. [PMID: 32415785 DOI: 10.1113/jp279876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Rapid alterations of gravitational stress during high-performance aircraft push-pull manoeuvres induce dramatic shifts in volume and pressure within the circulation system, which may result in loss of consciousness due to the rapid and significant reduction in cerebral perfusion. There are still no specific and effective countermeasures so far. We found that lower body negative pressure (LBNP), applied prior to and during -Gz and released at the subsequent transition to +Gz, could effectively counteract gravitational haemodynamic stress induced by a simulated push-pull manoeuvre and improve cerebral diastolic perfusion in human subjects. We developed a LBNP strategy that effectively protects cerebral perfusion at rapid -Gz to +Gz transitions via improving cerebral blood flow and blood pressure during push-pull manoeuvres and highlight the importance of the timing of the intervention. Our findings provide a systemic link of integrated responses between the peripheral and cerebral haemodynamic changes during push-pull manoeuvres. ABSTRACT The acute negative (-Gz) to positive (+Gz) gravity stress during high-performance aircraft push-pull manoeuvres dramatically reduces transient cerebral perfusion, which may lead to loss of vision or even consciousness. The aim of this study was to explore a specific and effective counteractive strategy. Twenty-three healthy young male volunteers (age 21 ± 1 year) were subjected to tilting-simulated push-pull manoeuvres. Lower body negative pressure (LBNP) of -40 mmHg was applied prior to and during -Gz stress (-0.50 or -0.87 Gz) and released at the subsequent transition to +1.00 Gz stress. Beat-to-beat cerebral and systemic haemodynamics were continuously recorded during the simulated push-pull manoeuvre in LBNP bouts and corresponding control bouts. During the rapid gravitational transition from -Gz to +Gz, the mean cerebral blood flow velocity decreased significantly in control bouts, while it increased in LBNP bouts (control vs. LBNP bouts, -6.6 ± 4.6 vs. 5.1 ± 6.8 cm s-1 for -0.50 Gz, and -7.4 ± 4.8 vs. 3.4 ± 4.6 cm s-1 for -0.87 Gz, P < 0.01), which was attributed mainly to the elevation of diastolic flow. The LBNP bouts showed much smaller reduction of mean arterial blood pressure at the brain level than control bouts (control bouts vs. LBNP bouts, -38 ± 12 vs. -23 ± 10 mmHg for -0.50 to +1.00 Gz, and -62 ± 16 vs. -43 ± 11 mmHg for -0.87 to +1.00 Gz, P < 0.01). LBNP applied at -Gz and released at subsequent +Gz had biphasic counteractive effects against the gravitational responses to the push-pull manoeuvre. These data demonstrate that this LBNP strategy could effectively protect cerebral perfusion with dominant improvement of diastolic flow during push-pull manoeuvres.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changyang Xing
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.,Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Xinpei Wang
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yunnan Liu
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Yitong Guo
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Yang Feng
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Yujia Lei
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jia Li
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Wendong Hu
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Lijun Yuan
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zehra U, Cheung JPY, Bow C, Crawford RJ, Luk KDK, Lu W, Samartzis D. Spinopelvic alignment predicts disc calcification, displacement, and Modic changes: Evidence of an evolutionary etiology for clinically-relevant spinal phenotypes. JOR Spine 2020; 3:e1083. [PMID: 32211594 PMCID: PMC7084054 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Lumbar disc-displacement, Modic changes (MCs), and UTE Disc Sign (UDS) on MRI are clinically relevant spinal phenotypes that can lead to sciatica/LBP. Not all degenerated discs result in disc-displacement, MCs and UDS, suggesting varied etiologies. Spinopelvic parameters have been implicated in various spinal disorders. Pelvic incidence (PI) is "fixed parameter" since skeletal maturity. No study has addressed disc-displacement, MCs and UDS in context of spinopelvic parameters. Therefore, the aim of study was to determine if spinopelvic parameters are associated and predict clinically-relevant MRI-phenotypes. One hundred and eight population-based subjects (mean age: 52.3 years) were recruited. Spondylolisthesis and scoliosis individuals were excluded. Lumbar lordosis (LL), PI, sacral slope (SS), and pelvic tilt (PT) were assessed on lateral plain radiographs. Disc degeneration was assessed and summated, and presence or not of disc-displacement and MCs were noted on T2W MRI. UDS was detected on UTE. Following exclusion criteria, 95 subjects were assessed. Disc-displacement (82.1%), MCs (52.6%), and UDS (37.9%) were associated with lower PI, SS, LL, and LL/PI index. On multivariate analyses, lower PI was significantly related to development of these MRI phenotypes (adjusted OR range:0.95-0.92; P < .05), with critical PI value of 42° or lower exhibiting fourfold increase risk of combined phenotypes (P = .020). Of UDS discs, 39.3% had adjacent MCs and 83.6% had disc-displacement. 87.5% of MC had directly adjacent UDS. The first study to note that PI may "predict" the development of disc-displacement, MCs and UDS, suggesting potential sub-variants and mechanistic susceptibility that may be grounded in spinopelvic evolution. An "evolutionary etiological pathway" of spinal phenotype development is proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uruj Zehra
- Department of AnatomyUniversity of Health SciencesLahorePakistan
| | - Jason P. Y. Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong
| | - Cora Bow
- Department of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong
| | | | - Keith D. K. Luk
- Department of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong
| | - William Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong
| | - Dino Samartzis
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryRUSH University Medical CenterChicagoIllinoisUSA
- International Spine Research and Innovation InitiativeRUSH University Medical CenterChicagoIllinoisUSA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Hamel A, Bastien C, Jacques C, Moreau A, Giroux I. Sleep or Play Online Poker?: Gambling Behaviors and Tilt Symptoms While Sleep Deprived. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:600092. [PMID: 33505324 PMCID: PMC7829254 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.600092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Online poker has the convenience of being accessible 24/7 allowing a large proportion of players to gamble at night. Although some studies postulate a bi-directional relationship between excessive online poker playing and sleep disturbances, sleep has yet to be studied as a primary outcome variable in online poker studies. Sleep deprivation has been linked to alterations in emotional regulation, decision-making, and risk-taking behaviors. All of which are known to induce episodes of tilt. Conversely, online poker playing during regular sleep hours may interfere with sleep quality. The objectives of the present study are (a) to explore the effects of sleep deprivation on tilt symptoms and gambling behaviors and (b) to assess whether playing an online poker session shortly before bedtime (120 min) influences the player's sleep quality. Sleeping habits, tilt symptoms, and online poker behaviors of 23 regular online poker players (22 men, 1 woman) were monitored daily for 28 days using questionnaires and hand histories. Tilt and gambling behaviors during online poker sessions (n = 588) played while the player was sleep-deprived were compared to sessions played while not sleep-deprived. Different sleep variables were also compared for sessions (n = 897) played 2 h before bedtime to no sessions played before sleep. Sleep-deprived poker sessions revealed higher emotional and behavioral tilt, a higher number of hands played and unfavorable financial results than at-rest sessions. Also, emotional and behavioral tilt was higher when alcohol was consumed. Sessions played 2 h before bedtime revealed a shorter sleep onset latency than when no sessions were played before bedtime. Post-hoc mixed regression analyses revealed that emotional and behavioral tilt is associated with shorter total sleep time and shorter sleep onset latency, while cognitive tilt is associated with a decrease in sleep efficiency. This study is the first to specifically explore sleep variables with online poker players within an ecological study design. The findings shed light on the daily impacts of nighttime online gambling practices. Future studies are needed to further explore the interaction between subjective and objective sleep variables and online gambling habits as well as investigate players' motives for playing while sleep deprived.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Hamel
- Centre québécois d'excellence pour la prévention et le traitement du jeu (CQEPTJ), École de psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Célyne Bastien
- Laboratoire de neurosciences humaines comportementales - Sommeil et Potentiels Évoqués (SPEC), École de psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Christian Jacques
- Centre québécois d'excellence pour la prévention et le traitement du jeu (CQEPTJ), École de psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Axelle Moreau
- Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Institut universitaire sur les dépendances, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Giroux
- Centre québécois d'excellence pour la prévention et le traitement du jeu (CQEPTJ), École de psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Mackrous I, Carriot J, Jamali M, Cullen KE. Cerebellar Prediction of the Dynamic Sensory Consequences of Gravity. Curr Biol 2019; 29:2698-2710.e4. [PMID: 31378613 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
As we go about our everyday activities, our brain computes accurate estimates of both our motion relative to the world and our orientation relative to gravity. However, how the brain then accounts for gravity as we actively move and interact with our environment is not yet known. Here, we provide evidence that, although during passive movements, individual cerebellar output neurons encode representations of head motion and orientation relative to gravity, these gravity-driven responses are cancelled when head movement is a consequence of voluntary generated movement. In contrast, the gravity-driven responses of primary otolith and semicircular canal afferents remain intact during both active and passive self-motion, indicating the attenuated responses of central neurons are not inherited from afferent inputs. Taken together, our results are consistent with the view that the cerebellum builds a dynamic prediction (e.g., internal model) of the sensory consequences of gravity during active self-motion, which in turn enables the preferential encoding of unexpected motion to ensure postural and perceptual stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Mackrous
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, McIntyre Medical Building, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montréal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada.
| | - Jerome Carriot
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, McIntyre Medical Building, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montréal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada.
| | - Mohsen Jamali
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, McIntyre Medical Building, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montréal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada.
| | - Kathleen E Cullen
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, McIntyre Medical Building, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montréal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Rm. 720, Ross Building, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ruzza G, Guerriero L, Revellino P, Guadagno FM. A Low-Cost Chamber Prototype for Automatic Thermal Analysis of MEMS IMU Sensors in Tilt Measurements Perspective. Sensors (Basel) 2019; 19:s19122705. [PMID: 31208118 PMCID: PMC6631763 DOI: 10.3390/s19122705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a low-cost, open-source and replicable system prototype for thermal analysis of low-cost Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensors in tilt measurement perspective is presented and tested. The system is formed of a 3D printed frame, a thermal cell consisting in a Peltier element mounted over a heat sink, and a control and power system. The frame is designed to allow the independent biaxial tilting of the thermal cell through two servomotors. The control board is formed by an Arduino® and a self-made board including a power drive for controlling the thermal unit and servomotors. We tested the chamber analyzing the behavior of multiple MEMS IMU onboard accelerometers suitable for measuring tilt. Our results underline the variability of the thermal behavior of the sensors, also for different sensor boards of the same model, and consequently the need for the adoption of a thermal compensation strategy based on thermal analysis results. These data suggesting the need for the analysis of the thermal behavior of MEMS-based sensors, indicate the potential of our system in making low-cost sensors suitable in medium-to-high precision monitoring applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Ruzza
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy.
| | - Luigi Guerriero
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy.
| | - Paola Revellino
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy.
| | - Francesco M Guadagno
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Jamali M, Carriot J, Chacron MJ, Cullen KE. Coding strategies in the otolith system differ for translational head motion vs. static orientation relative to gravity. eLife 2019; 8:45573. [PMID: 31199243 PMCID: PMC6590985 DOI: 10.7554/elife.45573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The detection of gravito-inertial forces by the otolith system is essential for our sense of balance and accurate perception. To date, however, how this system encodes the self-motion stimuli that are experienced during everyday activities remains unknown. Here, we addressed this fundamental question directly by recording from single otolith afferents in monkeys during naturalistic translational self-motion and changes in static head orientation. Otolith afferents with higher intrinsic variability transmitted more information overall about translational self-motion than their regular counterparts, owing to stronger nonlinearities that enabled precise spike timing including phase locking. By contrast, more regular afferents better discriminated between different static head orientations relative to gravity. Using computational methods, we further demonstrated that coupled increases in intrinsic variability and sensitivity accounted for the observed functional differences between afferent classes. Together, our results indicate that irregular and regular otolith afferents use different strategies to encode naturalistic self-motion and static head orientation relative to gravity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Jamali
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Jerome Carriot
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Kathleen E Cullen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
Dynamin proteins assemble into characteristic helical structures around necks of clathrin-coated membrane buds. Hydrolysis of dynamin-bound GTP results in both fission of the membrane neck and partial disruption of the dynamin oligomer. Imaging by atomic force microscopy reveals that, on GTP hydrolysis, dynamin oligomers undergo a dynamic remodeling and lose their distinctive helical shape. While breakup of the dynamin helix is a critical stage in clathrin-mediated endocytosis, the mechanism for this remodeling of the oligomer has not been resolved. In this paper, we formulate an analytical, elasticity-based model for the reshaping and disassembly of the dynamin scaffold. We predict that the shape of the oligomer is modulated by the orientation of dynamin's pleckstrin homology (PH) domain relative to the underlying membrane. Our results indicate that tilt of the PH domain drives deformation and fragmentation of the oligomer, in agreement with experimental observations. This model motivated the introduction of the tilted helix: a curve that maintains a fixed angle between its normal and the normal of the embedding surface. Our findings highlight the importance of tilt as a key regulator of size and morphology of membrane-bound oligomers.
Collapse
|
35
|
Guterman PS, Allison RS. The A-Effect and Global Motion. Vision (Basel) 2019; 3:vision3020013. [PMID: 31735814 PMCID: PMC6802772 DOI: 10.3390/vision3020013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
When the head is tilted, an objectively vertical line viewed in isolation is typically perceived as tilted. We explored whether this shift also occurs when viewing global motion displays perceived as either object-motion or self-motion. Observers stood and lay left side down while viewing (1) a static line, (2) a random-dot display of 2-D (planar) motion or (3) a random-dot display of 3-D (volumetric) global motion. On each trial, the line orientation or motion direction were tilted from the gravitational vertical and observers indicated whether the tilt was clockwise or counter-clockwise from the perceived vertical. Psychometric functions were fit to the data and shifts in the point of subjective verticality (PSV) were measured. When the whole body was tilted, the perceived tilt of both a static line and the direction of optic flow were biased in the direction of the body tilt, demonstrating the so-called A-effect. However, we found significantly larger shifts for the static line than volumetric global motion as well as larger shifts for volumetric displays than planar displays. The A-effect was larger when the motion was experienced as self-motion compared to when it was experienced as object-motion. Discrimination thresholds were also more precise in the self-motion compared to object-motion conditions. Different magnitude A-effects for the line and motion conditions—and for object and self-motion—may be due to differences in combining of idiotropic (body) and vestibular signals, particularly so in the case of vection which occurs despite visual-vestibular conflict.
Collapse
|
36
|
Lung CW, Yang TD, Liau BY, Cheung WC, Jain S, Jan YK. Dynamic changes in seating pressure gradient in wheelchair users with spinal cord injury. Assist Technol 2019; 32:277-286. [PMID: 30644792 DOI: 10.1080/10400435.2018.1546781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pressure ulcer interventions are commonly assessed with measures of seating interface pressure, such as peak pressure gradients (PPGs). Decreases in PPG magnitudes may reduce pressure ulcer risk by decreasing tissue deformation and increasing tissue perfusion of at-risk weight-bearing tissues. Changes in PPG directions, which have previously been overlooked in the seating pressure literature, may provide a transient increase in blood flow to at-risk tissues, even if the PPG magnitude and location remain the same. The purpose of this study was to assess both PPG components in response to combinations of wheelchair tilt and recline angles. Thirteen power wheelchair users were recruited into the study. Six combinations of wheelchair tilt (15°, 25°, and 35°) and recline (10° and 30°) were tested in random order. Each combination was tested with 5-min upright sitting, 5-min tilt and recline, and 5-min maximal pressure relief recovery. Changes in PPG magnitudes and PPG directions under the left ischial tuberosity were computed for the six angle combinations. The findings in this study suggested that when combining wheelchair tilt and recline, the recline function may be particularly useful in reducing PPG magnitudes, while the tilt function may be particularly useful in manipulating PPG directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Wen Lung
- Rehabilitation Engineering Lab, Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Champaign, Illinois, USA.,Department of Creative Product Design, Asia University , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tim D Yang
- Rehabilitation Engineering Lab, Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Ben-Yi Liau
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hung Kuang University , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Waifong Catherine Cheung
- Department of Special Education, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Sanjiv Jain
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Carle Foundation Hospital , Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Yih-Kuen Jan
- Rehabilitation Engineering Lab, Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Champaign, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Meyer DC, Riedo S, Eckers F, Carpeggiani G, Jentzsch T, Gerber C. Small anteroposterior inclination of the acromion is a predictor for posterior glenohumeral erosion (B2 or C). J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2019; 28:22-27. [PMID: 30177342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2018.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anatomic factors associated with static posterior translation of the humeral head with or without glenohumeral osteoarthritis are unknown. We tested the hypothesis that there is an association between glenoid wear, glenoid version, and/or anteroposterior acromial tilt. METHODS Ninety-nine patients with glenohumeral joint degeneration involving advanced glenoid cartilage wear and/or rotator cuff disease scheduled for anatomic or reverse total shoulder replacement underwent standardized conventional radiographic and computed tomographic shoulder imaging. Measurements included glenoid version, humeral torsion, posterior acromial slope, and critical shoulder angle. The glenoid shape was classified according to Walch et al, and the integrity of the rotator cuff was assessed. RESULTS Patients with glenoid type B2 or C had a median of 4° more glenoid retroversion (P = .022), a 5° less steep acromion (posterior acromial slope, 61° vs 56°; P = .004), and a higher combined score (glenoid version minus slope; odds ratio, 0.93 [95% confidence interval, 0.89-0.97]; P < .001; cutoff, -27°) than those with type A or B1. When the rotator cuff was torn, osteoarthritic changes were milder than when the cuff was intact (eg, P < .001 for supraspinatus). CONCLUSION The study's hypothesis that the bony anatomy of the scapula and in particular the acromion is correlated with the type of glenoid wear was confirmed. Both a more horizontal acromial orientation in the sagittal plane and increased posterior glenoid version are found in osteoarthritis of the shoulder associated with eccentric, posterior glenoid wear. Tears of the rotator cuff are significantly associated with concentric osteoarthritis of the glenoid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik C Meyer
- Department of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Sandro Riedo
- Department of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Franziska Eckers
- Department of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Guilherme Carpeggiani
- Department of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thorsten Jentzsch
- Department of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Gerber
- Department of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Estimating local surface orientation (slant and tilt) is fundamental to recovering the three-dimensional structure of the environment. It is unknown how well humans perform this task in natural scenes. Here, with a database of natural stereo-images having groundtruth surface orientation at each pixel, we find dramatic differences in human tilt estimation with natural and artificial stimuli. Estimates are precise and unbiased with artificial stimuli and imprecise and strongly biased with natural stimuli. An image-computable Bayes optimal model grounded in natural scene statistics predicts human bias, precision, and trial-by-trial errors without fitting parameters to the human data. The similarities between human and model performance suggest that the complex human performance patterns with natural stimuli are lawful, and that human visual systems have internalized local image and scene statistics to optimally infer the three-dimensional structure of the environment. These results generalize our understanding of vision from the lab to the real world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seha Kim
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Johannes Burge
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yamada Y, Toritsuka Y, Nakamura N, Horibe S, Sugamoto K, Yoshikawa H, Shino K. Correlation of 3D Shift and 3D Tilt of the Patella in Patients With Recurrent Dislocation of the Patella and Healthy Volunteers: An In Vivo Analysis Based on 3-Dimensional Computer Models. Am J Sports Med 2017; 45:3111-3118. [PMID: 28829620 DOI: 10.1177/0363546517720193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The concepts of lateral deviation and lateral inclination of the patella, characterized as shift and tilt, have been applied in combination to evaluate patellar malalignment in patients with patellar dislocation. It is not reasonable, however, to describe the 3-dimensional (3D) positional relation between the patella and the femur according to measurements made on 2-dimensional (2D) images. PURPOSE The current study sought to clarify the relation between lateral deviation and inclination of the patella in patients with recurrent dislocation of the patella (RDP) by redefining them via 3D computer models as 3D shift and 3D tilt. STUDY DESIGN Descriptive laboratory study. METHODS Altogether, 60 knees from 56 patients with RDP and 15 knees from 10 healthy volunteers were evaluated. 3D shift and tilt of the patella were analyzed with 3D computer models created by magnetic resonance imaging scans obtained at 10° intervals of knee flexion (0°-50°). 3D shift was defined as the spatial distance between the patellar reference point and the midsagittal plane of the femur; it is expressed as a percentage of the interepicondylar width. 3D tilt was defined as the spatial angle between the patellar reference plane and the transepicondylar axis. Correlations between the 2 parameters were assessed with the Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS The patients' mean Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.895 ± 0.186 (range, -0.073 to 0.997; median, 0.965). In all, 56 knees (93%) had coefficients >0.7 (strong correlation); 1 knee (2%), >0.4 (moderate correlation); 2 knees (3%), >0.2 (weak correlation); and 1 knee (2%), <0.2 (no correlation). The mean correlation coefficient of the healthy volunteers was 0.645 ± 0.448 (range, -0.445 to 0.982; median, 0.834). A statistically significant difference was found in the distribution of the correlation coefficients between the patients and the healthy volunteers ( P = .0034). When distribution of the correlation coefficients obtained by the 3D analyses was compared with that by the 2D (conventional) analyses, based on the bisect offset index and patellar tilt angle, the 3D analyses showed statistically higher correlations between the lateral deviation and inclination of the patella ( P < .01). CONCLUSION 3D shift and 3D tilt of the patella were moderately or strongly correlated in 95% of patients with RDP at 0° to 50° of knee flexion. CLINICAL RELEVANCE It is not always necessary to use both parameters when evaluating patellar alignment, at least for knees with RDP at 0° to 50° of flexion. Such a description may enable surgeons to describe patellar alignment more simply, leading to a better, easier understanding of the characteristics of each patient with RDP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzo Yamada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Osaka Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukiyoshi Toritsuka
- Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Japan
| | | | - Shuji Horibe
- Faculty of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| | - Kazuomi Sugamoto
- Locomotor Biomaterial Limited to the Joint Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Hideki Yoshikawa
- Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Konsei Shino
- Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Yukioka Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the decentration and tilt of one-piece foldable acrylic intraocular lens following two different intraocular lens implantation techniques. METHODS This prospective, randomized clinical study conducted on 102 eyes of 91 patients who underwent cataract surgery between September 2015 and May 2016 at Ulucanlar Eye Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. Intraocular lens implantations were performed with the help of an ophthalmic viscosurgical device or a hydroimplantation technique during surgery. The main outcomes, which were evaluated one day and one month after surgery, were corrected distant visual acuity, intraocular lens tilt, and decentration at the vertical and horizontal meridians. All outcomes were compared between and within implantation technique groups. RESULTS Angle of tilt and decentration of intraocular lens at the vertical and horizontal meridians showed no significant change within the ophthalmic viscosurgical device and hydroimplantation groups during follow-up (p > 0.05 for all). However, intraocular lens at both meridians were significantly lower in the hydroimplantation group (Vertical: p = 0.004, Horizontal: p = 0.015), and intraocular lens decentration tilt at both meridians were significantly lower in the hydroimplantation group than in the ophthalmic viscosurgical device group (Vertical: p = 0.004, Horizontal: p = 0.039). Postoperative corrected distant visual acuity outcomes showed no difference between and within the groups during follow-up (p > 0.05 for all). CONCLUSIONS The intraocular lens implantation technique had an important effect on intraocular lens position. The hydroimplantation technique induces central placement of one-piece foldable acrylic intraocular lenses postoperatively by reducing decentration and the angle of tilt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serdar Ozates
- a Department of Opthalmology, Ulucanlar Eye Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Mustafa Koc
- a Department of Opthalmology, Ulucanlar Eye Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Mehmet Murat Uzel
- a Department of Opthalmology, Ulucanlar Eye Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Pelin Yilmazbas
- a Department of Opthalmology, Ulucanlar Eye Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kondo T, Tanigaki T, Yokoyama H, Hibino M, Tajiri S, Akazawa K, Yamada Y, Cassan SM. Impact of holding position during inhalation on drug release from a reservoir-, blister- and capsule-type dry powder inhaler. J Asthma 2016; 54:792-797. [PMID: 27929704 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2016.1266497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether drug release may be impaired by tilting some dry powder inhalers (DPIs). METHODS Using an inhalation simulator, we measured drug release from Turbuhaler® (TBH), Diskus® (DKS) and Breezhaler® (BZH) at several peak inhaled flow rates (PIFs) while the DPIs were held at level and tilted (80°). Drug release was then measured from all three DPIs at 0, 30, 60 and 90° of tilt, and capsule rotation was also recorded. RESULTS Drug release from TBH was flow-dependent while that from DKS and BZH was flow-independent. With TBH, the plot of drug release vs. PIF either at level or at tilted position scattered along approximately the same regression lines. With DKS and BZH, drug release at tilted position was significantly lower than that while at level. With DKS the decrease was almost 20%, while with BZH, drug release frequently failed. With BZH, significant reductions in drug release were observed while the device was tilted by 30-90°. CONCLUSION The position in which the DPI is held may affect drug delivery, especially when using BZH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuri Kondo
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Shonan Fujisawa Tokushukai Hospital , Fujisawa , Japan
| | - Toshimori Tanigaki
- b Division of Respiratory Medicine , Atsugi Circulation Clinic , Atsugi , Japan
| | - Haruko Yokoyama
- c Department of Clinical Evaluation of Drug Efficacy , School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and life Sciences , Hachioji , Japan
| | - Makoto Hibino
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Shonan Fujisawa Tokushukai Hospital , Fujisawa , Japan
| | - Sakurakao Tajiri
- d Department of Medicine , Tokai University Oiso Hospital , Oiso , Japan
| | - Kenichiro Akazawa
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Shonan Fujisawa Tokushukai Hospital , Fujisawa , Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Yamada
- c Department of Clinical Evaluation of Drug Efficacy , School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and life Sciences , Hachioji , Japan
| | - Stanley M Cassan
- e Department of Medicine , Stanford University , Stanford , CA , USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
UNLABELLED Bony mallet injuries with a large dorsal fracture fragment may sublux giving a poor outcome. The hypothesis that was tested was that subluxation could be predicted by extension stress lateral radiographs. It was anticipated that the main distal fracture fragment would glide and be stable or pivot and be unstable. There were 32 bony mallet injuries with dorsal fracture fragments of >1/3 in 31 patients. There were three patterns shown on lateral extension stress radiographs: gliding, pivoting, and tilting - a combination of the former two. Defining stability as congruence or subluxation ⩽1 mm at final radiographs and instability as subluxation >1 mm, there was a very strong association with pivoting and subluxation, and gliding and congruence (p < 0.001). Tilting gave mixed results. There was significant difference in the size of the fracture fragment in stable (mean 49%) and unstable injuries (54%) (p = 0.044). Extension stress testing has a sensitivity of 89% and a specificity of 100%. Extension stress testing highlights that instability is not just a function of fracture fragment size and is a more reliable method of predicting subluxation than any previously described. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V.
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
Background and aims Online Texas Hold'em poker has become a spectacular form of entertainment in our society, and the number of people who use this form of gambling is increasing. It seems that online poker activity challenges existing theoretical concepts about problem gambling behaviors. The purpose of this literature review is to provide a current overview about the population of online poker players. Methods To be selected, articles had to focus on psychopathology in a sample of online poker players, be written in English or French, and be published before November 2015. A total of 17 relevant studies were identified. Results In this population, the proportion of problematic gamblers was higher than in other forms of gambling. Several factors predicting excessive gambling were identified such as stress, internal attribution, dissociation, boredom, negative emotions, irrational beliefs, anxiety, and impulsivity. The population of online poker players is largely heterogeneous, with experimental players forming a specific group. Finally, the validity of the tools used to measure excessive or problematic gambling and irrational beliefs are not suitable for assessing online poker activity. Discussion and conclusions Future studies need to confirm previous findings in the literature of online poker games. Given that skills are important in poker playing, skill development in the frames of excessive use of online poker should be explored more in depth, particularly regarding poker experience and loss chasing. Future research should focus on skills, self-regulation, and psychopathology of online poker players.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Axelle Moreau
- Laboratoire OCTOGONE, Université de Toulouse, France
| | - Henri Chabrol
- Laboratoire OCTOGONE, Université de Toulouse, France
| | - Emeline Chauchard
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire, Université de Nantes, France,Corresponding author: Emeline Chauchard; Chemin de la Censive du Tertre, B.P. 81227, 44312 Nantes Cedex 3, France; Phone: +33 2 40 14 11 79; Fax: +33 2 40 14 13 76; E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kumar R, Dixit VK, Sinha AK, Ganguli T, Mukherjee C, Oak SM, Sharma TK. Study of the microstructure information of GaAs epilayers grown on silicon substrate using synchrotron radiation. J Synchrotron Radiat 2016; 23:238-243. [PMID: 26698069 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577515019955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Williamson-Hall (WH) analysis is a well established method for studying the microstructural properties of epilayers grown on foreign substrates. However, the method becomes inapplicable in specific cases where the structure factor considerations and the presence of anti-phase domains forbid the data acquisition for certain reflections in conventional high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) measurements. Here, this limitation is overcome by exploiting the large intensity (25 µW mm(-2)) and high photon energy (15.5 keV) of the X-ray beam obtained from a synchrotron radiation source. The lateral coherence length, vertical coherence length, tilt and micro-strain of GaAs epilayers grown on Si substrate have been successfully measured using the conventional WH analysis. The microstructure information obtained from the conventional WH analysis based on the data acquired at the synchrotron radiation source is in reasonable agreement with the results obtained from atomic force microscope and surface profiler measurements. Such information cannot be obtained on a laboratory-based HRXRD system where modification of the WH method by involving a set of parallel asymmetric crystallographic planes is found to be essential. However, the information obtained from the modified WH method is along a different crystallographic orientation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kumar
- Semiconductor Physics and Devices Laboratory, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452 013, India
| | - V K Dixit
- Semiconductor Physics and Devices Laboratory, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452 013, India
| | - A K Sinha
- Indus Synchrotron Utilization Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452 013, India
| | - Tapas Ganguli
- Indus Synchrotron Utilization Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452 013, India
| | - C Mukherjee
- Mechanical and Optical Support Section, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452 013, India
| | - S M Oak
- Semiconductor Physics and Devices Laboratory, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452 013, India
| | - T K Sharma
- Semiconductor Physics and Devices Laboratory, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452 013, India
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Greaney JL, Stanhewicz AE, Proctor DN, Alexander LM, Kenney WL. Impairments in central cardiovascular function contribute to attenuated reflex vasodilation in aged skin. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2015; 119:1411-20. [PMID: 26494450 PMCID: PMC4683344 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00729.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
During supine passive heating, increases in skin blood flow (SkBF) and cardiac output (Qc) are both blunted in older adults. The aim here was to determine the effect of acutely correcting the peripheral vasodilatory capacity of aged skin on the integrated cardiovascular responses to passive heating. A secondary aim was to examine the SkBF-Qc relation during hyperthermia in the presence (upright posture) and absence (dynamic exercise) of challenges to central venous pressure. We hypothesized that greater increases in SkBF would be accompanied by greater increases in Qc. Eleven healthy older adults (69 ± 3 yr) underwent supine passive heating (0.8°C rise in core temperature; water-perfused suit) after ingesting sapropterin (BH4, a nitric oxide synthase cofactor; 10 mg/kg) or placebo (randomized double-blind crossover design). Twelve young (24 ± 1 yr) subjects served as a comparison group. SkBF (laser-Doppler flowmetry) and Qc (open-circuit acetylene wash-in) were measured during supine heating, heating + upright posture, and heating + dynamic exercise. Throughout supine and upright heating, sapropterin fully restored the SkBF response of older adults to that of young adults but Qc remained blunted. During heat + upright posture, SkBF failed to decrease in untreated older subjects. There were no age- or treatment-related differences in SkBF-Qc during dynamic exercise. The principal finding of this study was that the blunted Qc response to passive heat stress is directly related to age as opposed to the blunted peripheral vasodilatory capacity of aged skin. Furthermore, peripheral impairments to SkBF in the aged may contribute to inapposite responses during challenges to central venous pressure during hyperthermia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jody L Greaney
- Department of Kinesiology, Noll Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Anna E Stanhewicz
- Department of Kinesiology, Noll Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - David N Proctor
- Department of Kinesiology, Noll Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Lacy M Alexander
- Department of Kinesiology, Noll Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - W Larry Kenney
- Department of Kinesiology, Noll Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Dong B, Yang J, Hao S, Zhang X. Research on an Improved Medical Image Enhancement Algorithm Based on P-M Model. Open Biomed Eng J 2015; 9:209-13. [PMID: 26628929 PMCID: PMC4645970 DOI: 10.2174/1874120701509010209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Image enhancement can improve the detail of the image and so as to achieve the purpose of the identification of the image. At present, the image enhancement is widely used in medical images, which can help doctor's diagnosis. IEABPM (Image Enhancement Algorithm Based on P-M Model) is one of the most common image enhancement algorithms. However, it may cause the lost of the texture details and other features. To solve the problems, this paper proposes an IIEABPM (Improved Image Enhancement Algorithm Based on P-M Model). Simulation demonstrates that IIEABPM can effectively solve the problems of IEABPM, and improve image clarity, image contrast, and image brightness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiao Zhang
- The College of Information Science and Engineering, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, 075000, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
Some patients are not satisfied with removable partial dentures (RPDs), when it is not stable during mastication.A dental surveyor can be used to prevent problems related to production of RPDs. Determining the best path of insertion and removal is an initial and fundamental step in RDPs planning. The path of insertion record enables the technician to reproducing the cast in the same position on a surveyor that the dentist selected. This article describes new method for this purpose that could be useful for recording and reproducing the tilt of casts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omid Savabi
- Torabinejad Dental Research Center, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farinaz Shirban
- Torabinejad Dental Research Center, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Murofushi T, Komiyama S, Hayashi Y, Yoshimura E. Frequency preference in cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential of idiopathic otolithic vertigo patients. Does it reflect otolithic endolymphatic hydrops? Acta Otolaryngol 2015; 135:995-9. [PMID: 25990760 DOI: 10.3109/00016489.2015.1022834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONCLUSION Idiopathic otolithic vertigo (IOV) with relatively long duration of attacks might be caused by endolymphatic hydrops in the otolith organ. OBJECTIVES To clarify the pathophysiology underlying IOV, episodic tilting or translational sensation attacks by unknown causes, especially the possibility of endolymphatic hydrops in the otolith organ. METHODS Sixteen patients (6 men and 10 women) diagnosed with having IOV were enrolled. In these subjects, frequency preference in cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) was studied. The subjects underwent cVEMP testing using 500 Hz and 1000 Hz short tone bursts (STB) (125 dB SPL, air-conducted sound). The 500-1000 Hz cVEMP slope was calculated and assessed in comparison with data from healthy subjects in the preceding study. RESULTS Twelve of the 16 examined patients had a significant preference of 1000 Hz to 500 Hz, which was suggestive of endolymphatic hydrops in the saccule. Patients with frequency preference of 1000 Hz to 500 Hz showed a tendency for longer vertigo attacks than patients without preference of 1000 Hz.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshihisa Murofushi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Mizonokuchi Hospital , Kawasaki , Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
A continuum theory for lipid membranes is developed that accounts for mechanical interactions between lipid tilt and membrane shape. For planar membranes, a linear version of the theory is used to predict tilt variations similar to those observed in experiments and molecular dynamics simulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Rangamani
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology , University of California , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - D J Steigmann
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of California , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
Purpose To examine the effect of misalignment (decentration and tilt) of intraocular lenses (IOLs) on retinal image quality using a water-immersed model eye with corneal spherical aberration adjusted to the values found in normal human eyes (spherical aberration 0.25 μm; pupil diameter 6 mm). Methods Three types of IOL holders were prepared. The first was without decentration or tilt, the second had a decentration of 0.5 mm, and the third had a tilt of 5.0°. One spherical IOL and three aspherical IOLs, each with a power of +20 D, were set in the holders and their optical properties (wave front aberration, defocused modulation transfer function, defocused point spread function, and Landolt ring simulations) were compared. Results Coma aberrations generated by misaligned IOLs were related to the spherical aberration corrective power of the IOLs. Landolt ring simulations show that the depth of focus increased as spherical aberration increased and that the retinal image quality was degraded by increases in coma aberration. Conclusion Coma aberration was generated by IOLs with a large degree of spherical aberration correction, leading to reduced retinal image quality when the IOL was misaligned. This suggests that, in a clinical setting, the quality of vision might be improved by reducing the degree of coma aberration using IOLs that retain, or minimally correct, spherical aberration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Fujikado
- Department of Applied Visual Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makoto Saika
- Research and Development Department of Topcon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|