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Jiménez-Cortegana C, Sánchez-Jiménez F, De La Cruz-Merino L, Sánchez-Margalet V. Role of Sam68 in different types of cancer (Review). Int J Mol Med 2025; 55:3. [PMID: 39450529 PMCID: PMC11537268 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2024.5444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Src‑associated in mitosis 68 kDa protein (Sam68) is a protein encoded by the heteronuclear ribonucleoprotein particle K homology (KH) single domain‑containing, RNA‑binding, signal transduction‑associated protein 1 (known as KHDRBS1) gene in humans. This protein contains binding sites for critical components in a variety of cellular processes, including the regulation of gene expression, RNA processing and cell signaling. Thus, Sam68 may play a role in a variety of diseases, including cancer. Sam68 has been widely demonstrated to participate in tumor cell proliferation, progression and metastasis to be involved in the regulation of cancer stem cell self‑renewal. Based on the body of evidence available, Sam68 emerges as a promising target for this disease. The objectives of the present included summarizing the role of Sam68 in cancer murine models and cancer patients, unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying its oncogenic potential and discussing the effectiveness of antitumor agents in reducing the malignant effects of Sam68 during tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Jiménez-Cortegana
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Flora Sánchez-Jiménez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Luis De La Cruz-Merino
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Medical Oncology Service, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Víctor Sánchez-Margalet
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
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da Silva AM, Yevdokimova V, Benoit YD. Sam68 is a druggable vulnerability point in cancer stem cells. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:441-456. [PMID: 37792222 PMCID: PMC11016129 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10145-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Sam68 (Src associated in mitosis of 68 kDa) is an RNA-binding and multifunctional protein extensively characterized in numerous cellular functions, such as RNA processing, cell cycle regulation, kinase- and growth factor signaling. Recent investigations highlighted Sam68 as a primary target of a class of reverse-turn peptidomimetic drugs, initially developed as inhibitors of Wnt/β-catenin mediated transcription. Further investigations on such compounds revealed their capacity to selectively eliminate cancer stem cell (CSC) activity upon engaging Sam68. This work highlighted previously unappreciated roles for Sam68 in the maintenance of neoplastic self-renewal and tumor-initiating functions. Here, we discuss the implication of Sam68 in tumorigenesis, where central findings support its contribution to chromatin regulation processes essential to CSCs. We also review advances in CSC-targeting drug discovery aiming to modulate Sam68 cellular distribution and protein-protein interactions. Ultimately, Sam68 constitutes a vulnerability point of CSCs and an attractive therapeutic target to impede neoplastic stemness in human tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Mendes da Silva
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Veronika Yevdokimova
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Yannick D Benoit
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.
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Pei YY, Ran J, Wen L, Liu X, Xiang L, Liu W, Wei F. Up-regulated GRB7 protein in gastric cancer cells correlates with clinical properties and increases proliferation and stem cell properties. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1054976. [PMID: 36686796 PMCID: PMC9846623 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1054976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction It has been reported that GRB7 is closely related to a variety of human solid tumors, but its role in gastric cancer has not been reported yet. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression level and intracellular effects of GRB7 in human gastric cancer. Methods Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of GRB7 in gastric cancer cell lines. The immunohistochemical staining and SPSS analysis verified the GRB7 protein expression. Stable gastric cancer cell lines, MTT experiments, clone formation experiments, cell cycle flow cytometry experiments, sphere formation experiments and lateral subpopulation cell sorting experiments were conducted to investigate the role of GRB7 in gastric cancer cells. Results We found that the expression of GRB7 in gastric cancer cell lines was higher than that of the corresponding normal gastric epithelial cells, and correspondingly higher in gastric cancer tissues than its paired adjacent tissues. GRB7 protein was expressed more highly in cancer tissues than in adjacent tissues. GRB7 protein expression levels were positively correlated with the clinical stage of gastric cancer patients, and negatively correlated with the survival prognosis of patients. GSEA analysis of GRB7 mRNA levels in gastric cancer tissues and normal gastric epithelial tissues from public databases showed that GRB7 may affect cell proliferation and related processes of intracellular stem cells. GRB7 can promote the proliferation of gastric cancer cells and is positively related to the self-renewal ability of gastric cancer stem cells. Discussion This study shows that GRB7 molecules highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues can promote the proliferation of gastric cancer cells and increase the proportion of gastric cancer stem cells, so it is expected to become a diagnostic molecule or potential therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-yuan Pei
- The Central Laboratory, Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen, China,*Correspondence: Fengxiang Wei, ; Yuan-yuan Pei,
| | - Jian Ran
- The Central Laboratory, Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lijuan Wen
- The Central Laboratory, Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoyi Liu
- The Central Laboratory, Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Xiang
- The Digestive Department, Longgang District People’s Hospital of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weiqiang Liu
- The Central Laboratory, Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fengxiang Wei
- The Central Laboratory, Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen, China,*Correspondence: Fengxiang Wei, ; Yuan-yuan Pei,
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Malki I, Liepina I, Kogelnik N, Watmuff H, Robinson S, Lightfoot A, Gonchar O, Bottrill A, Fry AM, Dominguez C. Cdk1-mediated threonine phosphorylation of Sam68 modulates its RNA binding, alternative splicing activity and cellular functions. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:13045-13062. [PMID: 36537190 PMCID: PMC9825155 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac1181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sam68, also known as KHDRBS1, is a member of the STAR family of proteins that directly link signal transduction with post-transcriptional gene regulation. Sam68 controls the alternative splicing of many oncogenic proteins and its role is modulated by post-translational modifications, including serine/threonine phosphorylation, that differ at various stages of the cell cycle. However, the molecular basis and mechanisms of these modulations remain largely unknown. Here, we combined mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and cell biology techniques to provide a comprehensive post-translational modification mapping of Sam68 at different stages of the cell cycle in HEK293 and HCT116 cells. We established that Sam68 is specifically phosphorylated at T33 and T317 by Cdk1, and demonstrated that these phosphorylation events reduce the binding of Sam68 to RNA, control its cellular localization and reduce its alternative splicing activity, leading to a reduction in the induction of apoptosis and an increase in the proliferation of HCT116 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idir Malki
- The Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Inara Liepina
- The Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Nora Kogelnik
- The Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Hollie Watmuff
- The Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Sue Robinson
- The Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Adam Lightfoot
- The Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Oksana Gonchar
- The Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Andrew Bottrill
- Proteomics RTP, School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Andrew M Fry
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Cyril Dominguez
- The Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
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Komiyama T, Kuroshima T, Sugasawa T, Fujita SI, Ikami Y, Hirai H, Tsushima F, Michi Y, Kayamori K, Higashino F, Harada H. High expression of Sam68 contributes to metastasis by regulating vimentin expression and a motile phenotype in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2022; 48:183. [PMID: 36082807 PMCID: PMC9478953 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the clinical and biological significance of Src-associated in mitosis 68 kDa (Sam68) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on tissue samples obtained from 77 patients with OSCC. Univariate analysis revealed that the high expression of Sam68 was significantly correlated with advanced pathological T stage (P=0.01), positive lymphovascular invasion (P=0.01), and pathological cervical lymph node metastasis (P<0.01). Moreover, multivariate analysis demonstrated that the high expression of Sam68 was an independent predictive factor for cervical lymph node metastasis (odds ratio, 4.39; 95% confidence interval, 1.49-14.23; P<0.01). These results indicated that high Sam68 expression contributed to tumor progression, especially cervical lymph node metastasis, in OSCC. mRNA sequencing was also performed to assess the changes in the transcriptome between OSCC cells with Sam68 knockdown and control cells with the aim of elucidating the biological roles of Sam68. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis revealed that downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were concentrated in some biological processes related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Among these DEGs, it was established that vimentin was particularly downregulated in these cells. It was also confirmed that Sam68 knockdown reduced the motility of OSCC cells. Furthermore, the immunohistochemical study of vimentin identified the association between vimentin expression and Sam68 expression as well as cervical lymph node metastasis. In conclusion, the present study suggested that the high expression of Sam68 may contribute to metastasis by regulating vimentin expression and a motile mesenchymal phenotype in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Komiyama
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgical Oncology, Division of Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo‑ku, Tokyo 113‑8549, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kuroshima
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgical Oncology, Division of Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo‑ku, Tokyo 113‑8549, Japan
| | - Takehito Sugasawa
- Laboratory of Clinical Examination/Sports Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305‑8577, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Fujita
- Laboratory of Clinical Examination/Sports Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305‑8577, Japan
| | - Yuta Ikami
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgical Oncology, Division of Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo‑ku, Tokyo 113‑8549, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hirai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgical Oncology, Division of Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo‑ku, Tokyo 113‑8549, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Tsushima
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgical Oncology, Division of Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo‑ku, Tokyo 113‑8549, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Michi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgical Oncology, Division of Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo‑ku, Tokyo 113‑8549, Japan
| | - Kou Kayamori
- Department of Oral Pathology, Division of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo‑ku, Tokyo 113‑8549, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Higashino
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8586, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Harada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgical Oncology, Division of Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo‑ku, Tokyo 113‑8549, Japan
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Wu Z, Peng Y, Xiong L, Wang J, Li Z, Ning K, Deng M, Wang N, Wei W, Li Z, Dong P, Yu C, Zhou F, Zhang Z. Role of Sam68 in Sunitinib induced renal cell carcinoma apoptosis. Cancer Med 2022; 11:3674-3686. [PMID: 35476809 PMCID: PMC9554455 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sunitinib is one of the first-line targeted drugs for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with dual effects of antiangiogensis and proapoptosis. Sam68 (Src-associated in mitosis, 68 KDa), is found being involved in cell apoptosis. This article reveals that Sam68 impacts the sensitivity to sunitinib by mediating the apoptosis of RCC cells. Immunohistochemical staining indicated that the Sam68 expression levels in sunitinib sensitive tumor tissues were markedly higher than those in sunitinib resistant tumor tissues. Sunitinib induced RCC cell apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner and inhibited the expression of total and phosphorylated Sam68 (p-Sam68). Downregulation of Sam68 expression inhibited RCC cell apoptosis induced by sunitinib. While upregulation of Sam68 expression could enhance apoptosis induced by sunitinib. Xenograft models showed that tumors in the Sam68-knockdown group did not shrink as much as those in the control group after treatment with sunitinib for 4 weeks. Together, our results suggest that Sam68 expression is associated with the sensitivity of ccRCC patients to sunitinib. Sam68 may promote cell apoptosis induced by sunitinib, and the Sam68 expression level may be a biomarker for predicting sunitinib sensitivity in ccRCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeshen Wu
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern ChinaGuangzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Yulu Peng
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern ChinaGuangzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Longbin Xiong
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern ChinaGuangzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern ChinaGuangzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern ChinaGuangzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Kang Ning
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern ChinaGuangzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Minhua Deng
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern ChinaGuangzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern ChinaGuangzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Wensu Wei
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern ChinaGuangzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhiyong Li
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern ChinaGuangzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Pei Dong
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern ChinaGuangzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Chunping Yu
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern ChinaGuangzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Fangjian Zhou
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern ChinaGuangzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhiling Zhang
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern ChinaGuangzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouChina
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Chen Y, Qin H, Zheng L. Research progress on RNA-binding proteins in breast cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:974523. [PMID: 36059653 PMCID: PMC9433872 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.974523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women and has a high incidence rate and mortality. Abnormal regulation of gene expression plays an important role in breast cancer occurrence and development. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are one kind of the key regulators for gene expression. By interacting with RNA, RBPs are widely involved in RNA cutting, transport, editing, intracellular localization, and translation regulation. RBPs are important during breast cancer occurrence and progression by engaging in many aspects, like proliferation, migration, invasion, and stemness. Therefore, comprehensively understanding the role of RBPs in breast cancer progression can facilitate early diagnosis, timely treatment, and long-term survival and quality of life of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hai Qin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guizhou Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Lufeng Zheng
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Lu X, Zhong J, Liu L, Zhang W, Zhao S, Chen L, Wei Y, Zhang H, Wu J, Chen W, Ge F. The function and regulatory mechanism of RNA-binding proteins in breast cancer and their future clinical treatment prospects. Front Oncol 2022; 12:929037. [PMID: 36052258 PMCID: PMC9424610 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.929037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common female malignancy, but the mechanisms regulating gene expression leading to its development are complex. In recent years, as epigenetic research has intensified, RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) have been identified as a class of posttranscriptional regulators that can participate in regulating gene expression through the regulation of RNA stabilization and degradation, intracellular localization, alternative splicing and alternative polyadenylation, and translational control. RBPs play an important role in the development of normal mammary glands and breast cancer. Functional inactivation or abnormal expression of RBPs may be closely associated with breast cancer development. In this review, we focus on the function and regulatory mechanisms of RBPs in breast cancer, as well as the advantages and challenges of RBPs as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets in breast cancer, and discuss the potential of RBPs in clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjia Lu
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Kunming Medical University, No. 1 School of Clinical Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Jian Zhong
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Linlin Liu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wenzhu Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Kunming Medical University, No. 1 School of Clinical Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Shengdi Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Kunming Medical University, No. 1 School of Clinical Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuxian Wei
- Department of Endocrine Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Kunming Medical University, No. 1 School of Clinical Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Jingxuan Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Kunming Medical University, No. 1 School of Clinical Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Wenlin Chen
- Third Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Wenlin Chen, ; Fei Ge,
| | - Fei Ge
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Wenlin Chen, ; Fei Ge,
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DNA Damage Regulates the Functions of the RNA Binding Protein Sam68 through ATM-Dependent Phosphorylation. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163847. [PMID: 36010841 PMCID: PMC9405969 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Alterations of the complex network of interactions between the DNA damage response pathway and RNA metabolism have been described in several tumors, and increasing efforts are devoted to the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms involved in this network. Previous large-scale proteomic studies identified the RNA binding protein Sam68 as a putative target of the ATM kinase. Herein, we demonstrate that ATM phosphorylates Sam68 upon DNA damage induction, and this post-translational modification regulates both the signaling function of Sam68 in the initial phase of the DNA damage response and its RNA processing activity. Thus, our study uncovers anew crosstalk between ATM and Sam68, which may represent a paradigm for the functional interaction between the DDR pathway and RNA binding proteins, and a possible actionabletarget in human cancers. Abstract Cancer cells frequently exhibit dysregulation of the DNA damage response (DDR), genomic instability, and altered RNA metabolism. Recent genome-wide studies have strongly suggested an interaction between the pathways involved in the cellular response to DDR and in the regulation of RNA metabolism, but the molecular mechanism(s) involved in this crosstalk are largely unknown. Herein, we found that activation of the DDR kinase ATM promotes its interaction with Sam68, leading to phosphorylation of this multifunctional RNA binding protein (RBP) on three residues: threonine 61, serine 388 and serine 390. Moreover, we demonstrate that ATM-dependent phosphorylation of threonine 61 promotes the function of Sam68 in the DDR pathway and enhances its RNA processing activity. Importantly, ATM-mediated phosphorylation of Sam68 in prostate cancer cells modulates alternative polyadenylation of transcripts that are targets of Sam68, supporting the notion that the ATM–Sam68 axis exerts a multifaceted role in the response to DNA damage. Thus, our work validates Sam68 as an ATM kinase substrate and uncovers an unexpected bidirectional interplay between ATM and Sam68, which couples the DDR pathway to modulation of RNA metabolism in response to genotoxic stress.
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Sahoo DK, Borcherding DC, Chandra L, Jergens AE, Atherly T, Bourgois-Mochel A, Ellinwood NM, Snella E, Severin AJ, Martin M, Allenspach K, Mochel JP. Differential Transcriptomic Profiles Following Stimulation with Lipopolysaccharide in Intestinal Organoids from Dogs with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Intestinal Mast Cell Tumor. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3525. [PMID: 35884586 PMCID: PMC9322748 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is associated with chronic intestinal inflammation and promotes intestinal cancer progression in the gut. While the interplay between LPS and intestinal immune cells has been well-characterized, little is known about LPS and the intestinal epithelium interactions. In this study, we explored the differential effects of LPS on proliferation and the transcriptome in 3D enteroids/colonoids obtained from dogs with naturally occurring gastrointestinal (GI) diseases including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and intestinal mast cell tumor. The study objective was to analyze the LPS-induced modulation of signaling pathways involving the intestinal epithelia and contributing to colorectal cancer development in the context of an inflammatory (IBD) or a tumor microenvironment. While LPS incubation resulted in a pro-cancer gene expression pattern and stimulated proliferation of IBD enteroids and colonoids, downregulation of several cancer-associated genes such as Gpatch4, SLC7A1, ATP13A2, and TEX45 was also observed in tumor enteroids. Genes participating in porphyrin metabolism (CP), nucleocytoplasmic transport (EEF1A1), arachidonic acid, and glutathione metabolism (GPX1) exhibited a similar pattern of altered expression between IBD enteroids and IBD colonoids following LPS stimulation. In contrast, genes involved in anion transport, transcription and translation, apoptotic processes, and regulation of adaptive immune responses showed the opposite expression patterns between IBD enteroids and colonoids following LPS treatment. In brief, the crosstalk between LPS/TLR4 signal transduction pathway and several metabolic pathways such as primary bile acid biosynthesis and secretion, peroxisome, renin-angiotensin system, glutathione metabolism, and arachidonic acid pathways may be important in driving chronic intestinal inflammation and intestinal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipak Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (D.C.B.); (L.C.); (A.E.J.); (T.A.); (A.B.-M.); (K.A.)
- SMART Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Dana C. Borcherding
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (D.C.B.); (L.C.); (A.E.J.); (T.A.); (A.B.-M.); (K.A.)
| | - Lawrance Chandra
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (D.C.B.); (L.C.); (A.E.J.); (T.A.); (A.B.-M.); (K.A.)
| | - Albert E. Jergens
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (D.C.B.); (L.C.); (A.E.J.); (T.A.); (A.B.-M.); (K.A.)
| | - Todd Atherly
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (D.C.B.); (L.C.); (A.E.J.); (T.A.); (A.B.-M.); (K.A.)
| | - Agnes Bourgois-Mochel
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (D.C.B.); (L.C.); (A.E.J.); (T.A.); (A.B.-M.); (K.A.)
| | - N. Matthew Ellinwood
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (N.M.E.); (E.S.)
| | - Elizabeth Snella
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (N.M.E.); (E.S.)
| | - Andrew J. Severin
- Office of Biotechnology’s Genome Informatics Facility, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
| | | | - Karin Allenspach
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (D.C.B.); (L.C.); (A.E.J.); (T.A.); (A.B.-M.); (K.A.)
| | - Jonathan P. Mochel
- SMART Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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11
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Naro C, Barbagallo F, Caggiano C, De Musso M, Panzeri V, Di Agostino S, Paronetto MP, Sette C. Functional Interaction Between the Oncogenic Kinase NEK2 and Sam68 Promotes a Splicing Program Involved in Migration and Invasion in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:880654. [PMID: 35530315 PMCID: PMC9068942 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.880654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents the most aggressive breast cancer subtype. Poor prognosis in TNBC is partly due to lack of efficacious targeted therapy and high propensity to metastasize. Dysregulation of alternative splicing has recently emerged as a trait of TNBC, suggesting that unveiling the molecular mechanisms underlying its regulation could uncover new druggable cancer vulnerabilities. The oncogenic kinase NEK2 is significantly upregulated in TNBC and contributes to shaping their unique splicing profile. Herein, we found that NEK2 interacts with the RNA binding protein Sam68 in TNBC cells and that NEK2-mediated phosphorylation of Sam68 enhances its splicing activity. Genome-wide transcriptome analyses identified the splicing targets of Sam68 in TNBC cells and revealed a common set of exons that are co-regulated by NEK2. Functional annotation of splicing-regulated genes highlighted cell migration and spreading as biological processes regulated by Sam68. Accordingly, Sam68 depletion reduces TNBC cell migration and invasion, and these effects are potentiated by the concomitant inhibition of NEK2 activity. Our findings indicate that Sam68 and NEK2 functionally cooperate in the regulation of a splicing program that sustains the pro-metastatic features of TNBC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Naro
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Human Anatomy, University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy.,Gemelli SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY PARK (GSTeP)-Organoids Research Core Facility, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Barbagallo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Caggiano
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Human Anatomy, University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy.,Gemelli SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY PARK (GSTeP)-Organoids Research Core Facility, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Monica De Musso
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Human Anatomy, University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Panzeri
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Human Anatomy, University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy.,Gemelli SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY PARK (GSTeP)-Organoids Research Core Facility, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Di Agostino
- Department of Health Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Paronetto
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Rome, Italy.,Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Sette
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Human Anatomy, University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy.,Gemelli SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY PARK (GSTeP)-Organoids Research Core Facility, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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12
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Effective targeting of breast cancer stem cells by combined inhibition of Sam68 and Rad51. Oncogene 2022; 41:2196-2209. [PMID: 35217791 PMCID: PMC8993694 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02239-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the second cause of cancer-related deceases in the worldwide female population. Despite the successful treatment advances, 25% of BC develops resistance to current therapeutic regimens, thereby remaining a major hurdle for patient management. Current therapies, targeting the molecular events underpinning the adaptive resistance, still require effort to improve BC treatment. Using BC sphere cells (BCSphCs) as a model, here we showed that BC stem-like cells express high levels of Myc, which requires the presence of the multifunctional DNA/RNA binding protein Sam68 for the DNA-damage repair. Analysis of a cohort of BC patients displayed that Sam68 is an independent negative factor correlated with the progression of the disease. Genetic inhibition of Sam68 caused a defect in PARP-induced PAR chain synthesis upon DNA-damaging insults, resulting in cell death of TNBC cells. In contrast, BC stem-like cells were able to survive due to an upregulation of Rad51. Importantly, the inhibition of Rad51 showed synthetic lethal effect with the silencing of Sam68, hampering the cell viability of patient-derived BCSphCs and stabilizing the growth of tumor xenografts, including those TNBC carrying BRCA mutation. Moreover, the analysis of Myc, Sam68 and Rad51 expression demarcated a signature of a poor outcome in a large cohort of BC patients. Thus, our findings suggest the importance of targeting Sam68-PARP1 axis and Rad51 as potential therapeutic candidates to counteract the expansion of BC cells with an aggressive phenotype.
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13
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Zhang W, Liu L, Zhao S, Chen L, Wei Y, Chen W, Ge F. Research progress on RNA‑binding proteins in breast cancer (Review). Oncol Lett 2022; 23:121. [PMID: 35261635 PMCID: PMC8867207 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women, and the abnormal regulation of gene expression serves an important role in its occurrence and development. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying gene expression are highly complex and heterogeneous, and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are among the key regulatory factors. RBPs bind targets in an environment-dependent or environment-independent manner to influence mRNA stability and the translation of genes involved in the formation, progression, metastasis and treatment of breast cancer. Due to the growing interest in these regulators, the present review summarizes the most influential studies concerning RBPs associated with breast cancer to elucidate the role of RBPs in breast cancer and to assess how they interact with other key pathways to provide new molecular targets for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhu Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Linlin Liu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Shengdi Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Yuxian Wei
- Department of Endocrine Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Wenlin Chen
- Third Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
| | - Fei Ge
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
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14
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Wang Y, Liang Q, Lei K, Zhu Q, Zeng D, Liu Y, Lu Y, Kang T, Tang N, Huang L, Ye L, Tang D, Zhu C. Targeting MEX3A attenuates metastasis of breast cancer via β-catenin signaling pathway inhibition. Cancer Lett 2021; 521:50-63. [PMID: 34425185 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is the major cause of mortality in patients with breast cancer. Understanding the metastatic mechanism to guide clinical diagnoses and the treatment of breast cancer remains a challenge. We found that the expression of Mex-3 RNA binding family member A (MEX3A) was upregulated significantly and related to tumor grade in breast cancer. The results of in vitro and in vivo studies showed that knockdown of MEX3A inhibited the metastasis and impaired the stemness of breast cancer cells. Furthermore, activation of the β-catenin signaling pathway was discovered as a molecular intermediate of MEX3A-mediated regulation. We also found that ectopic expression of β-catenin restored the migration ability, invasion ability, and CD44+/CD24- percentage of MDA-MB-231 and BT549 cells when MEX3A was depleted. In addition, we revealed that MEX3A positively regulated the expression of β-catenin by downregulating Dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 1 (DKK1) expression. Therefore, a previously undiscovered role of MEX3A comprising a critical contribution to promoting metastasis and maintaining the stemness of breast cancer via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway was demonstrated in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Qian Liang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Kefeng Lei
- Department of General Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Delong Zeng
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yuhong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingsi Lu
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Tingting Kang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Nannan Tang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lifen Huang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liping Ye
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Di Tang
- Department of General Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chengming Zhu
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
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15
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Zheng Y, Pei Y, Tang R, Zhou X, Feng Z, Li D, Chen H, Zeng Z, Jiang L, Cai J, Mao P, Wang L. ACBD3 is up-regulated in gastric cancer and promotes cell cycle G1-to-S transition in an AKT-dependent manner. Exp Cell Res 2021; 406:112752. [PMID: 34332983 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that ACBD3 is closely related to the malignant process of cells, but its role in gastric cancer has not been elucidated. This study aims to investigate the expression and function of ACBD3 in human gastric cancer. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were selected to analyze mRNA levels of ACBD3 in gastric cancer tissues and normal gastric epithelial tissues. qPCR and Western blot were conducted to detect the expression of ACBD3 in two normal gastric epithelial cell lines and five gastric cancer cell lines which were cultured in our laboratory. To exclude differences in individual background between different patients, we further detected the expression of ACBD3 in 8 pairs of malignant/non-malignant clinical gastric tissues. Through the establishment of stable cells, in vitro cell experiments and in vivo xenotransplantation models in mice, the role of ACBD3 in the proliferation of gastric cancer cells has been further explored. AKT inhibitors were used to deeply explore the molecular regulation mechanism of ACBD3. The results showed that the elevated ACBD3 in gastric cancer tissue were positively correlated with the clinical grade and prognosis of gastric cancer. In terms of molecular function, we found that ACBD3 can enhance the production and growth of gastric cancer cells. At the same time, the activation of AKT kinase played an important role in ACBD3's promotion of G1-to-S transition. The experiments generally indicate that ACBD3 is expected to become a potential diagnostic molecule or therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Zheng
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuanyuan Pei
- Shenzhen Long-gang Maternal and Child Health Hospital Centralab, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Ruiming Tang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou, 511518, China
| | - Xiulan Zhou
- Shenzhen Long-gang Maternal and Child Health Hospital Centralab, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Zhengfu Feng
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou, 511518, China
| | - Difeng Li
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou, 511518, China; Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Han Chen
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou, 511518, China; Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Zhi Zeng
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou, 511518, China; Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Junchao Cai
- Department of Immunology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Pu Mao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Lan Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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16
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Flores-Huerta N, Silva-Cázares MB, Arriaga-Pizano LA, Prieto-Chávez JL, López-Camarillo C. LncRNAs and microRNAs as Essential Regulators of Stemness in Breast Cancer Stem Cells. Biomolecules 2021; 11:380. [PMID: 33802575 PMCID: PMC7998729 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is an aggressive disease with a high incidence in women worldwide. Two decades ago, a controversial hypothesis was proposed that cancer arises from a subpopulation of "tumor initiating cells" or "cancer stem cells-like" (CSC). Today, CSC are defined as small subset of somatic cancer cells within a tumor with self-renewal properties driven by the aberrant expression of genes involved in the maintenance of a stemness-like phenotype. The understanding of the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the maintenance of CSC subpopulation are fundamental in the development and persistence of breast cancer. Nowadays, the hypothesis suggests that genetic and epigenetic alterations give rise to breast cancer stem cells (bCSC), which are responsible for self-renewal, tumor growth, chemoresistance, poor prognosis and low survival in patients. However, the prominence of bCSC, as well as the molecular mechanisms that regulates and promotes the malignant phenotypes, are still poorly understood. The role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) acting as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes has been recently highlighted by a plethora of studies in breast cancer. These ncRNAs positively or negatively impact on different signaling pathways that govern the cancer hallmarks associated with bCSC, making them attractive targets for therapy. In this review, we present a current summary of the studies on the pivotal roles of lncRNAs and microRNAs in the regulation of genes associated to stemness of bCSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Flores-Huerta
- Laboratorio de Oncogenómica y Proteómica del Cáncer, Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, 03100 CDMX, Mexico;
| | - Macrina B. Silva-Cázares
- Doctorado Institucional en Ingeniería y Ciencias de los Materiales, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, 78210 San Luis Potosí, Mexico;
| | - Lourdes A. Arriaga-Pizano
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 06720 CDMX, Mexico;
| | - Jessica L. Prieto-Chávez
- Laboratorio de Citometría de Flujo, Centro de Instrumentos, Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 06720 CDMX, Mexico;
| | - César López-Camarillo
- Laboratorio de Oncogenómica y Proteómica del Cáncer, Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, 03100 CDMX, Mexico;
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17
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Zhu S, Chen W, Wang J, Qi L, Pan H, Feng Z, Tian D. SAM68 promotes tumorigenesis in lung adenocarcinoma by regulating metabolic conversion via PKM alternative splicing. Theranostics 2021; 11:3359-3375. [PMID: 33537092 PMCID: PMC7847678 DOI: 10.7150/thno.51360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: A metabolic "switch" from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis provides tumor cells with energy and biosynthetic substrates, thereby promoting tumorigenesis and malignant progression. However, the mechanisms controlling this metabolic switch in tumors is not entirely clear. Methods: Clinical specimens were used to determine the effect of SAM68 on lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tumorigenesis and metastasis, and mouse models and molecular biology assays were performed to elucidate the function and underlying mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. Results:SAM68 mRNA levels were higher in LUAD tissue than in normal lung tissue, indicating that SAM68 expression is upregulated in LUAD. Patients with LUAD with SAM68high (n = 257) had a higher frequency of tumor recurrence (p = 0.025) and recurrence-free survival (p = 0.013) than did those with SAM68low (n = 257). Patients with SAM68high mRNA levels (n = 257) were at a higher risk for cancer-related death (p = 0.006), and had shorter overall survival (p = 0.044) than did those with SAM68low. SAM68 promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis of LUAD cells in vitro and in vivo by regulating the cancer metabolic switch. SAM68 drives cancer metabolism by mediating alternative splicing of pyruvate kinase (PKM) pre-mRNAs, and promoting the formation of PKM2. Mechanistically, SAM68 increased the binding of the splicing repressor hnRNP A1 to exon 9 of PKM, thereby enhancing PKM2 isoform formation and PKM2-dependent aerobic glycolysis and tumorigenesis. Conclusions: SAM68 promotes LUAD cell tumorigenesis and cancer metabolic programming via binding of the 351-443 aa region of SAM68 to the RGG motif of hnRNP A1, driving hnRNP A1-dependent PKM splicing, contributing to increased oncogene PKM2 isoform formation and inhibition of PKM1 isoform formation. SAM68 is therefore a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of LUAD.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/antagonists & inhibitors
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Adenocarcinoma of Lung/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma of Lung/metabolism
- Adenocarcinoma of Lung/mortality
- Adenocarcinoma of Lung/pathology
- Alternative Splicing
- Animals
- Carcinogenesis/genetics
- Carcinogenesis/metabolism
- Carcinogenesis/pathology
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- DNA-Binding Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Exons
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Glycolysis/genetics
- Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein A1/genetics
- Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein A1/metabolism
- Humans
- Isoenzymes/genetics
- Isoenzymes/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/mortality
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/genetics
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/metabolism
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/mortality
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology
- Oxidative Phosphorylation
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- RNA-Binding Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Survival Analysis
- Thyroid Hormones/genetics
- Thyroid Hormones/metabolism
- Tumor Burden
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Thyroid Hormone-Binding Proteins
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan 511518, P. R. China
| | - Weiping Chen
- Department of Respiratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan 511518, P. R. China
| | - Jizhong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Vascular Center, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Qi
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan 511518, P. R. China
| | - Huilin Pan
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan 511518, P. R. China
| | - Zhengfu Feng
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan 511518, P. R. China
| | - Dongbo Tian
- Department of Respiratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan 511518, P. R. China
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18
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Wu Y, Wei X, Feng H, Hu B, Liu B, Luan Y, Ruan Y, Liu X, Liu Z, Wang S, Liu J, Wang T. Transcriptome Analyses Identify an RNA Binding Protein Related Prognostic Model for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Genet 2021; 11:617872. [PMID: 33488680 PMCID: PMC7817999 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.617872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA binding proteins (RBPs) play a key role in post-transcriptional gene regulation. They have been shown to be dysfunctional in a variety of cancers and are closely related to the occurrence and progression of cancers. However, the biological function and clinical significance of RBPs in clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) are unclear. In our current study, we downloaded the transcriptome data of ccRCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and identified differential expression of RBPs between tumor tissue and normal kidney tissue. Then the biological function and clinical value of these RBPs were explored by using a variety of bioinformatics techniques. We identified a total of 40 differentially expressed RBPs, including 10 down-regulated RBPs and 30 up-regulated RBPs. Eight RBPs (APOBEC3G, AUH, DAZL, EIF4A1, IGF2BP3, NR0B1, RPL36A, and TRMT1) and nine RBPs (APOBEC3G, AUH, DDX47, IGF2BP3, MOV10L1, NANOS1, PIH1D3, TDRD9, and TRMT1) were identified as prognostic related to overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), respectively, and prognostic models for OS and DFS were constructed based on these RBPs. Further analysis showed that OS and DFS were worse in high-risk group than in the low-risk group. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of the model for OS was 0.702 at 3 years and 0.726 at 5 years in TCGA cohort and 0.783 at 3 years and 0.795 at 5 years in E-MTAB-1980 cohort, showing good predictive performance. Both models have been shown to independently predict the prognosis of ccRCC patients. We also established a nomogram based on these prognostic RBPs for OS and performed internal validation in the TCGA cohort, showing an accurate prediction of ccRCC prognosis. Stratified analysis showed a significant correlation between the prognostic model for OS and ccRCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xian Wei
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Feng
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bintao Hu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Luan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yajun Ruan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaming Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaogang Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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19
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Leptin, Leptin Receptor, KHDRBS1 (KH RNA Binding Domain Containing, Signal Transduction Associated 1), and Adiponectin in Bone Metastasis from Breast Carcinoma: An Immunohistochemical Study. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8110510. [PMID: 33213024 PMCID: PMC7698510 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8110510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer patients are at a high risk of complications from bone metastasis. Molecular characterization of bone metastases is essential for the discovery of new therapeutic targets. Here, we investigated the expression and the intracellular distribution of KH RNA binding domain containing, signal transduction associated 1 (KHDRBS1), leptin, leptin receptor (LEPR), and adiponectin in bone metastasis from breast carcinoma and looked for correlations between the data. The expression of these proteins is known in breast carcinoma, but it has not been investigated in bone metastatic tissue to date. Immunohistochemical analysis was carried out on bone metastasis specimens, then semiquantitative evaluation of the results and the Pearson test were performed to determine eventual correlations. KHDRBS1 expression was significantly higher in the nuclei than in the cytosol of metastatic cells; LEPR was prevalently observed in the cytosol and the nuclei; leptin and adiponectin were found in metastatic cells and stromal cells; the strongest positive correlation was between nuclear KHDRBS1 and nuclear LEPR expression. Taken together, our findings support the importance of the leptin/LEPR/KHDRBS1 axis and of adiponectin in the progression of bone metastasis and suggest their potential application in pharmacological interventions.
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20
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Zheng Y, Pei Y, Yang L, Zeng Z, Wang J, Xie G, Wang L, Yuan J. Upregulated GRB7 promotes proliferation and tumorigenesis of Bladder Cancer via Phospho-AKT Pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:3221-3230. [PMID: 33162827 PMCID: PMC7645994 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.49410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth factor receptor-bound protein 7 (GRB7) has been found closely related to the occurrence and development of various tumors, but its function in bladder cancer has not yet been elucidated. The study is aiming at investigating the expression and function of GRB7 in bladder cancer. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was selected to analyze mRNA levels of GRB7 in bladder cancer. RT-qPCR and Western blot were conducted to detect the expression of GRB7 in normal bladder epithelial cells, seven bladder cancer cell lines and eight pairs of malignant/nonmalignant bladder tissues. The role of GRB7 in tumor proliferation and tumorigenesis was explored by establishing stable cells, in vitro cell experiments and in vivo xenograft models. The molecular regulation mechanism of GRB7 in bladder cancer was investigated by treatment with AKT inhibitor. GRB7 mRNA was upregulated in bladder cancer samples compared with that in normal tissue samples. Overexpressing GRB7 significantly promoted the proliferation and tumorigenesis of bladder cancer. However, silencing GRB7 played the retarding part. GRB7 promoted G1/S transition by activating the AKT pathway. Our results indicate that GRB7 plays an important role in promoting proliferation and tumorigenesis of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Zheng
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuanyuan Pei
- Shenzhen Long-gang Maternal and Child Health Hospital Centralab, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Le Yang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, Henan 473061, China
| | - Zhi Zeng
- Department of Physiology, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guie Xie
- KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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21
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Bentata M, Morgenstern G, Nevo Y, Kay G, Granit Mizrahi A, Temper M, Maimon O, Monas L, Basheer R, Ben-Hur A, Peretz T, Salton M. Splicing Factor Transcript Abundance in Saliva as a Diagnostic Tool for Breast Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11080880. [PMID: 32756364 PMCID: PMC7463790 DOI: 10.3390/genes11080880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women above 60 years in the US. Screening mammography is recommended for women above 50 years; however, 22% of breast cancer cases are diagnosed in women below this age. We set out to develop a test based on the detection of cell-free RNA from saliva. To this end, we sequenced RNA from a pool of ten women. The 1254 transcripts identified were enriched for genes with an annotation of alternative pre-mRNA splicing. Pre-mRNA splicing is a tightly regulated process and its misregulation in cancer cells promotes the formation of cancer-driving isoforms. For these reasons, we chose to focus on splicing factors as biomarkers for the early detection of breast cancer. We found that the level of the splicing factors is unique to each woman and consistent in the same woman at different time points. Next, we extracted RNA from 36 healthy subjects and 31 breast cancer patients. Recording the mRNA level of seven splicing factors in these samples demonstrated that the combination of all these factors is different in the two groups (p value = 0.005). Our results demonstrate a differential abundance of splicing factor mRNA in the saliva of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Bentata
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel–Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (M.B.); (G.M.); (G.K.)
| | - Guy Morgenstern
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel–Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (M.B.); (G.M.); (G.K.)
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel;
| | - Gillian Kay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel–Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (M.B.); (G.M.); (G.K.)
| | - Avital Granit Mizrahi
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (A.G.M.); (M.T.); (O.M.); (L.M.); (R.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Mark Temper
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (A.G.M.); (M.T.); (O.M.); (L.M.); (R.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Ofra Maimon
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (A.G.M.); (M.T.); (O.M.); (L.M.); (R.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Liza Monas
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (A.G.M.); (M.T.); (O.M.); (L.M.); (R.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Reham Basheer
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (A.G.M.); (M.T.); (O.M.); (L.M.); (R.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Asa Ben-Hur
- Department of Computer Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
| | - Tamar Peretz
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (A.G.M.); (M.T.); (O.M.); (L.M.); (R.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Maayan Salton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel–Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (M.B.); (G.M.); (G.K.)
- Correspondence:
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22
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Cerasuolo A, Buonaguro L, Buonaguro FM, Tornesello ML. The Role of RNA Splicing Factors in Cancer: Regulation of Viral and Human Gene Expression in Human Papillomavirus-Related Cervical Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:474. [PMID: 32596243 PMCID: PMC7303290 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The spliceosomal complex components, together with the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) and serine/arginine-rich (SR) proteins, regulate the process of constitutive and alternative splicing, the latter leading to the production of mRNA isoforms coding multiple proteins from a single pre-mRNA molecule. The expression of splicing factors is frequently deregulated in different cancer types causing the generation of oncogenic proteins involved in cancer hallmarks. Cervical cancer is caused by persistent infection with oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and constitutive expression of viral oncogenes. The aberrant activity of hnRNPs and SR proteins in cervical neoplasia has been shown to trigger the production of oncoproteins through the processing of pre-mRNA transcripts either derived from human genes or HPV genomes. Indeed, hnRNP and SR splicing factors have been shown to regulate the production of viral oncoprotein isoforms necessary for the completion of viral life cycle and for cell transformation. Target-therapy strategies against hnRNPs and SR proteins, causing simultaneous reduction of oncogenic factors and inhibition of HPV replication, are under development. In this review, we describe the current knowledge of the functional link between RNA splicing factors and deregulated cellular as well as viral RNA maturation in cervical cancer and the opportunity of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maria Lina Tornesello
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumouri IRCCS–Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
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23
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Maroni P. Leptin, Adiponectin, and Sam68 in Bone Metastasis from Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031051. [PMID: 32033341 PMCID: PMC7037668 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The most serious aspect of neoplastic disease is the spread of cancer cells to secondary sites. Skeletal metastases can escape detection long after treatment of the primary tumour and follow-up. Bone tissue is a breeding ground for many types of cancer cells, especially those derived from the breast, prostate, and lung. Despite advances in diagnosis and therapeutic strategies, bone metastases still have a profound impact on quality of life and survival and are often responsible for the fatal outcome of the disease. Bone and the bone marrow environment contain a wide variety of cells. No longer considered a passive filler, bone marrow adipocytes have emerged as critical contributors to cancer progression. Released by adipocytes, adipokines are soluble factors with hormone-like functions and are currently believed to affect tumour development. Src-associated in mitosis of 68 kDa (Sam68), originally discovered as a protein physically associated with and phosphorylated by c-Src during mitosis, is now recognised as an important RNA-binding protein linked to tumour onset and progression of disease. Sam68 also regulates splicing events and recent evidence reports that dysregulation of these events is a key step in neoplastic transformation and tumour progression. The present review reports recent findings on adipokines and Sam68 and their role in breast cancer progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Maroni
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via R. Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milano, Italy
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24
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Pei YY, Li GC, Ran J, Wan XH, Wei FX, Wang L. Kinesin Family Member 11 Enhances the Self-Renewal Ability of Breast Cancer Cells by Participating in the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. J Breast Cancer 2019; 22:522-532. [PMID: 31897327 PMCID: PMC6933027 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2019.22.e51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Our previous studies have shown that kinesin family member 11 (KIF11) is markedly overexpressed in human breast cancer cells or tissues and positively correlated with distant metastasis and prognosis in patients with breast cancer, suggesting an important role in the regulation of cancer stem cells. Herein, we examined the role of KIF11 in breast cancer stem cells. Methods In the current study, we validated our previous findings through analysis of data collected in The Cancer Genome Atlas. Endogenous KIF11 was stably silenced in MCF-7 and SKBR-3 cells. Flow cytometry was used to measure the proportion of side-population (SP) cells. Mammosphere culture and tumor implantation experiments in immunodeficient mice were used to assess the self-renewal ability of breast cancer cells. Real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot, immunofluorescence staining, luciferase reporter assays and Wnt agonist treatment were conducted to investigate the signaling pathways regulated by KIF11. Results We found that the expression level of KIF11 was positively correlated with stem cell-enrichment genes. The proportion of SP cells was significantly reduced in KIF11-silenced cells. Silencing endogenous KIF11 not only reduced the size and number of mammospheres in vitro, but also reduced the ability of breast cancer cells to form tumors in mice. Simultaneously, we found that KIF11 was involved in regulating the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Conclusion Endogenous KIF11 enhances the self-renewal of breast cancer cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thereby enhancing the characteristics of breast cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Pei
- Shenzhen Long-gang Maternal and Child Health Hospital Centralab, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gao-Chi Li
- Shenzhen Long-gang Maternal and Child Health Hospital Centralab, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian Ran
- Shenzhen Long-gang Maternal and Child Health Hospital Centralab, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin-Hong Wan
- Shenzhen Long-gang Maternal and Child Health Hospital Centralab, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feng-Xiang Wei
- Shenzhen Long-gang Maternal and Child Health Hospital Centralab, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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25
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Up-regulated ADP-Ribosylation factor 3 promotes breast cancer cell proliferation through the participation of FOXO1. Exp Cell Res 2019; 384:111624. [PMID: 31539530 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
ADP-ribosylation factor 3 (ARF3) is a member of the KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase(Ras) super-family of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that mediates Golgi-related mitosis, but its role in malignant cells is unclear. In the present study, we found that mRNA and protein expression of ARF3 is up-regulated in breast cancer cells. Immunohistochemical analysis of 167 paraffin-embedded archived breast cancer tissues showed that ARF3 expression was localized primarily in the cytoplasm and was significantly up-regulated in malignant specimens compared to benign specimens. There were strong associations between ARF3 expression and clinicopathological characteristics in breast cancer. We also found that overexpressing ARF3 promoted, while silencing endogenous ARF3 inhibited, the proliferation of breast cancer cells by regulating cell cycle G1-S transition. Moreover, the pro-proliferative effect of ARF3 on breast cancer cells was associated with inactivation of the forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) transcription factor. ARF3 promotes breast cancer cell proliferation through the participation of FOXO1 and represents as a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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26
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Fu K, Sun X, Xia X, Hobbs RP, Guo Y, Coulombe PA, Wan F. Sam68 is required for the growth and survival of nonmelanoma skin cancer. Cancer Med 2019; 8:6106-6113. [PMID: 31436046 PMCID: PMC6792479 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although targeting DNA repair signaling pathways has emerged as a promising therapeutic for skin cancer, the relevance of DNA damage responses (DDR) in the development and survival of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC), the most common type of skin cancer, remains obscure. Here, we report that Src-associated substrate during mitosis of 68 kDa (Sam68), an early signaling molecule in DDR, is elevated in skin tumor tissues derived from NMSC patients and skin lesions from Gli2-transgenic mice. Downregulation of Sam68 impacts the growth and survival of human tumor keratinocytes and genetic ablation of Sam68 delays the onset of basal cell carcinomas (BCC) in Gli2-transgenic mice. Moreover, Sam68 plays a critical role in DNA damage-induced DNA repair and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways in keratinocytes, hence conferring keratinocyte sensitivity to DNA damaging agents. Together, our data reveal a novel function of Sam68 in regulating DDR in keratinocytes that is crucial for the growth and survival of NMSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Fu
- Institute of Molecular Precision Medicine and Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xue Xia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ryan P Hobbs
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Yajuan Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Pierre A Coulombe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fengyi Wan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.,W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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27
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Chen Y, Zhang L, Liu S, Yao B, Zhang H, Liang S, Ma J, Liang X, Shi W. Sam68 mediates high glucose‑induced podocyte apoptosis through modulation of Bax/Bcl‑2. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:3728-3734. [PMID: 31485651 PMCID: PMC6755155 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia promotes podocyte apoptosis and contributes to the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the mechanisms of hyperglycemia-induced podocyte apoptosis remain unknown. Recent studies have implicated Src-associated substrate during mitosis of 68 kDa (Sam68) in various cellular processes including RNA metabolism, apoptosis, signal transduction. This study sought to examine the effect of Sam68 on high glucose (HG)-induced podocytes apoptosis, and the mechanism underlying this effect. Immortalized mouse podocytes were exposed to medium containing normal glucose, or HG and Sam68 siRNA, respectively. The expression of Sam68 in podocytes was determined by fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR), immunofluorescence and immunoblotting. The role of Sam68 in HG-induced podocyte apoptosis was further evaluated by inhibiting Sam68 expression by Sam68 siRNA and performing flow cytometry. The mRNA and protein expression of pro-apoptosis gene Bax and anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 were assessed by qRCR and immunoblotting. In the present study, it was first demonstrated that Sam68 was upregulated in a time and dose-dependent manner in in vitro HG-treated podocytes. Pretreatment with Sam68 siRNA markedly decreased nuclear Sam68 expression. Moreover, the effects of HG-induced apoptosis were also abrogated by Sam68 knockdown in cultured podocytes. Furthermore, HG increased Bax and decreased Bcl-2 protein expression in cultured podocytes, and this effect was blocked by Sam68 knockdown. The results of the present study revealed that Sam68 mediated HG-induced podocyte apoptosis, probably through the Bax/Bcl-2 signaling pathway, and thus may be a potential therapeutic target for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyu Chen
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Geriatrics Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Shuangxin Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Geriatrics Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Binfeng Yao
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Geriatrics Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Geriatrics Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Shun Liang
- Division of Nephrology, Yue Bei People's Hospital, Shaoguan, Guangdong 512025, P.R. China
| | - Jianchao Ma
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Geriatrics Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xinling Liang
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Geriatrics Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Wei Shi
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Geriatrics Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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28
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Sumithra B, Saxena U, Das AB. A comprehensive study on genome-wide coexpression network of KHDRBS1/Sam68 reveals its cancer and patient-specific association. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11083. [PMID: 31366900 PMCID: PMC6668649 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47558-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human KHDRBS1/Sam68 is an oncogenic splicing factor involved in signal transduction and pre-mRNA splicing. We explored the molecular mechanism of KHDRBS1 to be a prognostic marker in four different cancers. Within specific cancer, including kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP), lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), acute myeloid leukemia (LAML), and ovarian cancer (OV), KHDRBS1 expression is heterogeneous and patient specific. In KIRP and LUAD, higher expression of KHDRBS1 affects the patient survival, but not in LAML and OV. Genome-wide coexpression analysis reveals genes and transcripts which are coexpressed with KHDRBS1 in KIRP and LUAD, form the functional modules which are majorly involved in cancer-specific events. However, in case of LAML and OV, such modules are absent. Irrespective of the higher expression of KHDRBS1, the significant divergence of its biological roles and prognostic value is due to its cancer-specific interaction partners and correlation networks. We conclude that rewiring of KHDRBS1 interactions in cancer is directly associated with patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Sumithra
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, 506004, Telangana, India
| | - Urmila Saxena
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, 506004, Telangana, India
| | - Asim Bikas Das
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, 506004, Telangana, India.
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29
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Mohibi S, Chen X, Zhang J. Cancer the'RBP'eutics-RNA-binding proteins as therapeutic targets for cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 203:107390. [PMID: 31302171 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play a critical role in the regulation of various RNA processes, including splicing, cleavage and polyadenylation, transport, translation and degradation of coding RNAs, non-coding RNAs and microRNAs. Recent studies indicate that RBPs not only play an instrumental role in normal cellular processes but have also emerged as major players in the development and spread of cancer. Herein, we review the current knowledge about RNA binding proteins and their role in tumorigenesis as well as the potential to target RBPs for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakur Mohibi
- Comparative Oncology Laboratory, Schools of Veterinary Medicine and Medicine, University of California at Davis, United States
| | - Xinbin Chen
- Comparative Oncology Laboratory, Schools of Veterinary Medicine and Medicine, University of California at Davis, United States
| | - Jin Zhang
- Comparative Oncology Laboratory, Schools of Veterinary Medicine and Medicine, University of California at Davis, United States.
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Xue C, Zhong Z, Ye S, Wang Y, Ye Q. Association between the overexpression of PBOV1 and the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:3401-3407. [PMID: 30127941 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate and breast cancer overexpressed 1 (PBOV1) is a known human protein-coding gene with an uncharacterized function; it has been demonstrated to be overexpressed in a variety of human cancer types. The overexpression of PBOV1 has been indicated as significantly associated with the poor prognosis of these types of cancer. However, the function of PBOV1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not yet been elucidated. The present study was designed to evaluate the expression and prognostic significance of PBOV1 in HCC. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses were conducted to measure the expression of PBOV1 in HCC cell lines and tissues. The associations between PBOV1 expression and clinicopathological features were statistically analyzed. The association between PBOV1 expression and the prognosis of HCC patients was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. The mRNA and protein expression levels of PBOV1 were significantly increased in the HCC cell lines and HCC tissues (all P<0.05) compared with normal cell lines and tissues. In addition, PBOV1 expression was significantly associated with maximal tumor size (P=0.032), tumor metastasis (P=0.035) and tumor stage (P=0.017). The Kaplan-Meier survival curves indicated that overall survival was significantly poorer in patients with HCC with PBOV1 overexpression (P<0.05) compared with patients with low expression levels. The multivariate analysis indicated that high PBOV1 expression was an independent predictor of poor overall survival. To the best of our knowledge, the data of the present study describes the expression pattern of PBOV1 in HCC for the first time, and also suggests that PBOV1 may serve as a valuable prognostic biomarker for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengbiao Xue
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Zibiao Zhong
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Shaojun Ye
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Qifa Ye
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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31
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Sun W, Qin R, Wang R, Ding D, Yu Z, Liu Y, Hong R, Cheng Z, Wang Y. Sam68 Promotes Invasion, Migration, and Proliferation of Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes by Enhancing the NF-κB/P65 Pathway in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Inflammation 2018; 41:1661-1670. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0809-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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32
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Ye P, Ke X, Zang X, Sun H, Dong Z, Lin J, Wang L, Liu W, Miao G, Tan Y, Tong W, Xiao H, Gao L. Up-regulated MiR-27-3p promotes the G1-S phase transition by targeting inhibitor of growth family member 5 in osteosarcoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 101:219-227. [PMID: 29494959 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an essential role in regulating malignant progression of tumour cells by inhibiting translation or stability of messenger RNA. However, the expression pattern and regulatory mechanism of miR-27-3p in osteosarcoma remains unclear. METHODS We examined the expression of miR-27-3p in 5 osteosarcoma cell lines compared with that in 2 normal osteocyte cell lines. Osteosarcoma cells U-2OS and MG-63 were transduced to up-regulate or down-regulate the expression of miR-27-3p. The 3-(4, 5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide, or MTT, assay, colony formation assays, BrdUrd labelling, immunofluorescence, anchorage-independent growth ability assay and flow cytometry analysis were used to test the effect of miR-27-3p. Luciferase assays were added to verify the direct relationship between miR-27-3p and the predicted target gene inhibitor of growth family member 5 (ING5). RESULTS The expression of miR-27-3p was significantly increased in examined osteosarcoma cell lines compared with that in normal osteocyte cell lines. Up-regulation of miR-27-3p significantly accelerated osteosarcoma cell growth via promoting G1-S transition. In addition, the opposite result was observed in miR-27-3p-down-regulated cells. Up-regulation of ING5 significantly attenuated the miR-27-3p-induced proliferation in osteosarcoma cells. CONCLUSIONS These data suggested that miR-27-3p could promote the G1-S phase transition that leads to proliferation by down-regulating the expression of ING5 in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanhai Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Xueping Ke
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Liwan Hospital of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510175, China
| | - Xuehui Zang
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanhai Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanhai Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Zhixing Dong
- Department of Radiology, Nanhai Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanhai Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Lihui Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanhai Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Wenzhou Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanhai Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Guiqiang Miao
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanhai Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Yongtao Tan
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanhai Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Weilai Tong
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanhai Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Haichang Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanhai Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Lihua Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanhai Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China.
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Li N, Ngo CTA, Aleynikova O, Beauchemin N, Richard S. The p53 status can influence the role of Sam68 in tumorigenesis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:71651-71659. [PMID: 27690217 PMCID: PMC5342108 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression and activities of RNA binding proteins are frequently dysregulated in human cancer. Their roles, however, appears to be complex, with reports indicating both pro-tumorigenic and tumor suppressive functions. Here we show, using two classical mouse cancer models, that the role of KH-type RNA binding protein, Sam68, in tumor development can be influenced by the status of the p53 tumor suppressor. We demonstrate that in mice expressing wild type p53, Sam68-deficiency resulted in a higher incidence and malignancy of carcinogen-induced tumors, suggesting a tumor suppressive role for Sam68. In marked contrast, Sam68-haploinsufficiency significantly delayed the onset of tumors in mice lacking p53 and prolonged their survival, indicating that Sam68 accelerates the development of p53-deficient tumors. These findings provide considerable insight into a previously unknown relationship between Sam68 and the p53 tumor suppressor in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Li
- Terry Fox Molecular Oncology Group and the Bloomfield Center for Research on Aging, Sir Mortimer B Davis Jewish General Hospital, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montréal, Québec H3T 1E2, Canada.,Department of Medicine and Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Chau Tuan-Anh Ngo
- Terry Fox Molecular Oncology Group and the Bloomfield Center for Research on Aging, Sir Mortimer B Davis Jewish General Hospital, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montréal, Québec H3T 1E2, Canada.,Department of Medicine and Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Olga Aleynikova
- Department of Pathology, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Nicole Beauchemin
- Department of Medicine and Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A1, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada.,Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Centre, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Stéphane Richard
- Terry Fox Molecular Oncology Group and the Bloomfield Center for Research on Aging, Sir Mortimer B Davis Jewish General Hospital, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montréal, Québec H3T 1E2, Canada.,Department of Medicine and Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A1, Canada
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Overexpressed ACBD3 has prognostic value in human breast cancer and promotes the self-renewal potential of breast cancer cells by activating the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res 2018; 363:39-47. [PMID: 29307786 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Acyl-CoA binding domain containing 3 (ACBD3) is involved in the maintenance of Golgi structure and function through its interaction with the integral membrane protein. However, the clinical significance and biological role of ACBD3 in breast cancer remain unclear. Herein, we found that the mRNA and protein levels of ACBD3 were markedly up-regulated in breast cancer cells and tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis of breast cancer tissues demonstrated that ACBD3 overexpression was significantly associated with advanced clinicopathological features. Univariate and multivariate analysis indicated that ACBD3 overexpression correlates with poor prognosis in breast cancer. Furthermore, overexpressing ACBD3 promoted, while silencing ACBD3 inhibited, self-renewal and tumorigenesis in breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo respectively. Importantly, upregulating ACBD3 promoted the self-renewal and tumorigenesis of breast cancer cells via activating the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, and the pro-self-renewal effect of ACBD3 in breast cancer was antagonized by the Wnt signaling inhibitor TCF4-siRNA and Lef1-siRNA.These findings indicate that ACBD3 may represent candidate therapeutic targets to enable the elimination of breast cancer stem cells, providing the preclinical proof-of-concept for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer.
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35
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Pei YY, Li GC, Ran J, Wei FX. Kinesin family member 11 contributes to the progression and prognosis of human breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:6618-6626. [PMID: 29181100 PMCID: PMC5696720 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to clarify the association between kinesin family member 11 (KIF11) and human breast cancer, and the effect of KIF11 on breast cancer cell progression. Western blot analysis, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis, retroviral infection, immunohistochemistry staining, MTT assay, anchorage-independent growth ability assay and tumorigenicity assay were all used in the present study. Western blot and RT-qPCR analysis revealed that the expression of KIF11 was markedly increased in malignant cells compared with that in non-tumorous cells at the mRNA and protein level. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that KIF11 expression was upregulated in 256/268 (95.8%) paraffin-embedded archival breast cancer biopsies. Statistical analysis demonstrated a significant association between the upregulation of KIF11 expression and the progression of breast cancer. Multivariate analysis revealed that KIF11 upregulation represents an independent prognostic indicator for the survival of patients with breast cancer. Tumorigenicity experiments were further used to evaluate the effect of KIF11 in non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice. Silencing endogenous KIF11 by short hairpin RNAs inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. The present results suggest that KIF11 may serve an important function in the proliferation of breast cancer and may represent a novel and useful prognostic marker for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Pei
- Shenzhen Longgang Maternal and Child Health Hospital Centralab, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, P.R. China
| | - Gao-Chi Li
- Shenzhen Longgang Maternal and Child Health Hospital Centralab, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, P.R. China
| | - Jian Ran
- Shenzhen Longgang Maternal and Child Health Hospital Centralab, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, P.R. China
| | - Feng-Xiang Wei
- Shenzhen Longgang Maternal and Child Health Hospital Centralab, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, P.R. China
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36
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Wen H, Li P, Ma H, Zheng J, Yu Y, Lv G. High expression of Sam68 in sacral chordomas is associated with worse clinical outcomes. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:4691-4700. [PMID: 29026317 PMCID: PMC5626414 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s147446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Src-associated in mitosis of 68 kDa (Sam68), also known as KHDRBS1 (KH domain-containing, RNA-binding, signal transduction-associated 1), is a member of the signal transduction and activation of RNA family. Previous studies have demonstrated that the aberrant expression of Sam68 is associated with the progression and prognosis of a variety of cancers, but little is known about its expression and role in chordomas, which are rare and aggressive bone neoplasms. In this study, we analyzed 40 tumor tissues and 20 distant normal tissues obtained from 40 patients with sacral chordoma using immunohistochemistry, and observed the expression of Sam68 was significantly upregulated in sacral chordomas compared with normal tissues (P=0.001). A positive correlation between the expression of Sam68 and the cell proliferation index Ki-67 was determined using Spearman’s rank correlation test (γ =0.599, P<0.001). In addition, high expression of Sam68 was significantly associated with surrounding muscle invasion (P<0.001). Moreover, Kaplan–Meier curves showed that patients with overexpressed Sam68 had shorter local recurrence-free survival time (P<0.001). Lastly, multivariate analysis indicated that Sam68 is an independent prognostic factor for the local recurrence-free survival of sacral chordomas (hazard ratio =5.929, 95% CI: 1.092–32.188, P=0.039). Our findings suggest the use of Sam68 as a predictor for the recurrence of sacral chordomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Wen
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Pengzhi Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Ma
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiaoyun Zheng
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yipin Yu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guohua Lv
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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37
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Benoit YD, Mitchell RR, Risueño RM, Orlando L, Tanasijevic B, Boyd AL, Aslostovar L, Salci KR, Shapovalova Z, Russell J, Eguchi M, Golubeva D, Graham M, Xenocostas A, Trus MR, Foley R, Leber B, Collins TJ, Bhatia M. Sam68 Allows Selective Targeting of Human Cancer Stem Cells. Cell Chem Biol 2017. [PMID: 28648376 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Targeting of human cancer stem cells (CSCs) requires the identification of vulnerabilities unique to CSCs versus healthy resident stem cells (SCs). Unfortunately, dysregulated pathways that support transformed CSCs, such as Wnt/β-catenin signaling, are also critical regulators of healthy SCs. Using the ICG-001 and CWP family of small molecules, we reveal Sam68 as a previously unappreciated modulator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling within CSCs. Disruption of CBP-β-catenin interaction via ICG-001/CWP induces the formation of a Sam68-CBP complex in CSCs that alters Wnt signaling toward apoptosis and differentiation induction. Our study identifies Sam68 as a regulator of human CSC vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick D Benoit
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, MDCL 5029, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Ryan R Mitchell
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, MDCL 5029, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Ruth M Risueño
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, MDCL 5029, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Luca Orlando
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, MDCL 5029, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Borko Tanasijevic
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, MDCL 5029, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Allison L Boyd
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, MDCL 5029, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Lili Aslostovar
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, MDCL 5029, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Kyle R Salci
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Zoya Shapovalova
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, MDCL 5029, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Jennifer Russell
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, MDCL 5029, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Masakatsu Eguchi
- Theriac Pharmaceutical Corporation Research Institute, 600 Broadway Suite 580 Fl 5, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
| | - Diana Golubeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Monica Graham
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, MDCL 5029, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Anargyros Xenocostas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Schulich School of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Michael R Trus
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Ronan Foley
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Brian Leber
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Tony J Collins
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, MDCL 5029, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Mickie Bhatia
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, MDCL 5029, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada.
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38
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Pereira B, Billaud M, Almeida R. RNA-Binding Proteins in Cancer: Old Players and New Actors. Trends Cancer 2017; 3:506-528. [PMID: 28718405 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 521] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key players in post-transcriptional events. The combination of versatility of their RNA-binding domains with structural flexibility enables RBPs to control the metabolism of a large array of transcripts. Perturbations in RBP-RNA networks activity have been causally associated with cancer development, but the rational framework describing these contributions remains fragmented. We review here the evidence that RBPs modulate multiple cancer traits, emphasize their functional diversity, and assess future trends in the study of RBPs in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Pereira
- i3S - Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Marc Billaud
- Clinical and Experimental Model of Lymphomagenesis, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité 1052, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Raquel Almeida
- i3S - Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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39
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Xiping Z, Qingshan W, Shuai Z, Hongjian Y, Xiaowen D. A summary of relationships between alternative splicing and breast cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:51986-51993. [PMID: 28881705 PMCID: PMC5584306 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) is the process of combinatorial rearrangement of parts of exons, and/or parts of introns into mature RNA to result in a multitude of transcripts. AS is a biological process through which organisms produce as many protein variants as possible by a limited genetic resource. It plays an important role in growth and development of the organisms. Over the past few years, alternative splicing has been discovered to be critical for genesis and development of malignant tumors, including breast cancer. If the relationships between AS and breast cancer can be discussed more deeply, it will be helpful for better diagnosis, judging prognosis and intervening with breast cancer. In this paper, the relationships between AS and breast cancer are elaborated from different angles, in hope that this summary is beneficial for readers to understand the roles of AS and breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Xiping
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei Qingshan
- Cataloging Department, Library of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhao Shuai
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yang Hongjian
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ding Xiaowen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang Province, China
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40
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Fu K, Sun X, Wier EM, Hodgson A, Hobbs RP, Wan F. Sam68/KHDRBS1-dependent NF-κB activation confers radioprotection to the colon epithelium in γ-irradiated mice. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27996939 PMCID: PMC5214542 DOI: 10.7554/elife.21957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously we reported that Src-associated-substrate-during-mitosis-of-68kDa (Sam68/KHDRBS1) is pivotal for DNA damage-stimulated NF-κB transactivation of anti-apoptotic genes (Fu et al., 2016). Here we show that Sam68 is critical for genotoxic stress-induced NF-κB activation in the γ-irradiated colon and animal and that Sam68-dependent NF-κB activation provides radioprotection to colon epithelium in vivo. Sam68 deletion diminishes γ-irradiation-triggered PAR synthesis and NF-κB activation in colon epithelial cells (CECs), thus hampering the expression of anti-apoptotic molecules in situ and facilitating CECs to undergo apoptosis in mice post whole-body γ-irradiation (WBIR). Sam68 knockout mice suffer more severe damage in the colon and succumb more rapidly from acute radiotoxicity than the control mice following WBIR. Our results underscore the critical role of Sam68 in orchestrating genotoxic stress-initiated NF-κB activation signaling in the colon tissue and whole animal and reveal the pathophysiological relevance of Sam68-dependent NF-κB activation in colonic cell survival and recovery from extrinsic DNA damage. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.21957.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Fu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Eric M Wier
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Andrea Hodgson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Ryan P Hobbs
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Fengyi Wan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States.,Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States.,The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
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41
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Wang L, Ouyang F, Liu X, Wu S, Wu HM, Xu Y, Wang B, Zhu J, Xu X, Zhang L. Overexpressed CISD2 has prognostic value in human gastric cancer and promotes gastric cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis via AKT signaling pathway. Oncotarget 2016; 7:3791-805. [PMID: 26565812 PMCID: PMC4826170 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CDGSH iron sulfur domain 2 (CISD2) is localized in the outer mitochondrial membrane and mediates mitochondrial integrity and lifespan in mammals, but its role in cancer is unknown. In the current study, we reported that CISD2 mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly upregulated in gastric cancer cells compared to normal gastric epithelial cells (P < 0.001). Immunohistochemical analysis of 261 paraffin-embedded archived gastric cancer tissues showed that high CISD2 expression was significantly associated with clinical stage, TNM classifications, venous invasion and lymphatic invasion. Univariate and multivariate analysis indicated that high CISD2 expression was an independent prognostic factor for poorer overall survival in the entire cohort. Overexpressing CISD2 promoted, while silencing CISD2 inhibited, the proliferation of gastric cancer cells. Furthermore, we found that silencing endogenous CISD2 also significantly inhibited the proliferation and tumorigenicity of MGC-803 and SGC-7901 cells not only in vitro but also in vivo in NOD/SCID mice (P < 0.05). Furthermore, we found that CISD2 affected cell proliferation and tumorigenicity of gastric cancer cells through mediating the G1-to-S phase transition. Moreover, we demonstrated that the pro-proliferative effect of CISD2 on gastric cancer cells was associated with downregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21Cip1 and p27Kip1, and activation of AKT signaling. The findings of this study indicate that CISD2 may promote proliferation and tumorigenicity, potentially representing a novel prognostic marker for overall survival in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Courses, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Ouyang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Courses, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Mei Wu
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Courses, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuandong Xu
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Laura Biotech Co, Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jinrong Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuehu Xu
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Center of Medical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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42
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Wang Y, Zhang W, Wang X, Wang D, Xie J, Tang C, Xi Q, Zhong J, Deng Y. Expression of Sam68 Correlates With Cell Proliferation and Survival in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Reprod Sci 2016; 24:97-108. [PMID: 27222230 DOI: 10.1177/1933719116650757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Src associated in mitosis, 68 kDa (Sam68) is a KH domain RNA-binding protein that belongs to the signal transduction and activation of RNA family. It is a multifunctional protein known to regulate cellular signal transduction, transcription, RNA metabolism, proliferation, and apoptosis, thus implicated in tumor growth. Herein, we investigated the clinical significance of Sam68 in human epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Western blot and immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that Sam68 expression was upregulated in EOC tissues and cell lines. Statistical analysis showed that high expression of Sam68 correlated with poor prognosis of patients with EOC. In vitro, serum starvation-refeeding experiment was primarily performed to confirm that Sam68 participated in the cell cycle progression of EOC cell lines. Then knocking down Sam68 level with small interfering RNA, cell cycle was arrested at G1 phase and cell proliferation impaired. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the antiproliferative effect of silencing Sam68 in EOC cells was associated with the upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21Cip1 and p27Kip1, along with the downregulation of p-FOXO3a, p-Akt, and p-GSK-3β. Taken together, our findings uncovered that Sam68 played an important role in promoting the proliferation of human ovarian cancer, thereby might be a novel therapeutic target for EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wang
- 1 Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Department of Pathogen Biology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Wang
- 3 Center for Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Wang
- 3 Center for Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Xie
- 3 Center for Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhui Tang
- 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Xi
- 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Zhong
- 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Deng
- 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
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Dong L, Che H, Li M, Li X. Sam68 is Overexpressed in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer and Promotes Tumor Cell Proliferation. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:3248-56. [PMID: 27623016 PMCID: PMC5031168 DOI: 10.12659/msm.899980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the deadliest gynecological malignancy, and evidence is accumulating on how molecular markers may be associated with the origin and process of EOC. Sam68 (Src-associated in mitosis, of 68 kD), is a K homology domain RNA-binding protein that has been investigated as a risk factor in multiple types of tumors. The aim of the present study was to investigate the contribution of the Sam68 gene in the pathogenesis of EOC. MATERIAL AND METHODS Western blot assay and real-time quantitative PCR methods were performed to examine Sam68 expression in EOC tissue specimens. The association of Sam68 expression with clinic-pathologic variables of EOC was evaluated. Then gain-of-function and loss-of-function strategies were adopted to examine the regulation of Sam68 on the proliferation of EOC OVCAR-3 cells using CCK-8 and colony forming assays. RESULTS Sam68 was overexpressed in both mRNA and protein levels in EOC tumor tissue (n=152) in an association with malignant factors of EOC such as International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, residual tumor size (cm), histological grade, and lymph node metastasis. In vitro results demonstrated that Sam68 overexpression was upregulated while Sam68 knockdown downregulated the proliferation of EOC OVCAR-3 cells via regulation of cell growth and colony formation. CONCLUSIONS Sam68 was overexpressed in EOC tissue in association with such cancer malignant factors of FIGO stage, histological grade, and lymph node metastasis, and also positively regulated the proliferation of EOC cells. Our research suggests that Sam68 might accelerate cell cycle progression, and present as a prognostic marker for EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Hailuo Che
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Mingmei Li
- , Health and Family Planning Bureau in Shanting District, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Xuepeng Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China (mainland)
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Fu K, Sun X, Wier EM, Hodgson A, Liu Y, Sears CL, Wan F. Sam68/KHDRBS1 is critical for colon tumorigenesis by regulating genotoxic stress-induced NF-κB activation. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27458801 PMCID: PMC4959885 DOI: 10.7554/elife.15018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-mediated transcription is an important mediator for cellular responses to DNA damage. Genotoxic agents trigger a 'nuclear-to-cytoplasmic' NF-κB activation signaling pathway; however, the early nuclear signaling cascade linking DNA damage and NF-κB activation is poorly understood. Here we report that Src-associated-substrate-during-mitosis-of-68kDa/KH domain containing, RNA binding, signal transduction associated 1 (Sam68/KHDRBS1) is a key NF-κB regulator in genotoxic stress-initiated signaling pathway. Sam68 deficiency abolishes DNA damage-stimulated polymers of ADP-ribose (PAR) production and the PAR-dependent NF-κB transactivation of anti-apoptotic genes. Sam68 deleted cells are hypersensitive to genotoxicity caused by DNA damaging agents. Upregulated Sam68 coincides with elevated PAR production and NF-κB-mediated anti-apoptotic transcription in human and mouse colon cancer. Knockdown of Sam68 sensitizes human colon cancer cells to genotoxic stress-induced apoptosis and genetic deletion of Sam68 dampens colon tumor burden in mice. Together our data reveal a novel function of Sam68 in the genotoxic stress-initiated nuclear signaling, which is crucial for colon tumorigenesis. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.15018.001 Cells use signaling pathways to detect and respond to harmful conditions by switching on genes that keep the cell healthy. One important pathway is the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway, which is activated by many stimuli. These stimuli may come from infections from outside the cell or may originate inside the cell, as seen for DNA damage caused by irradiation, chemicals or rapid DNA replication in cancer cells. Most of a cell’s DNA is located in the cell nucleus. However, NF-κB proteins are normally located outside the nucleus, in the cell’s cytoplasm. Damage to DNA triggers a signal from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. This signal activates the NF-κB proteins, which move into the nucleus and turn on genes that help the cell to recover from the damage. These genes include those that prevent the cell from self-destructing. In one step of the NF-κB activation process, chain-like molecules called polymers are made from a compound called poly(ADP-ribose), or PAR for short. However, few other details are known about how the damaged DNA in the nucleus signals to the cytoplasm. A protein called Sam68, which is found in the cell nucleus, has been linked to DNA damage signaling. Fu, Sun et al. now present evidence that suggests that if mouse cells lack Sam68, they do not produce PAR polymers in response to DNA damage. In addition, these cells could not trigger the PAR-dependent signaling cascade that is essential for activating NF-κB and for turning on the protective genes. Consequently, cells that lacked Sam68 were extremely sensitive to agents that cause DNA damage, such as chemicals and irradiation. The NF-κB pathway is regulated incorrectly in some cancers, but is also activated by DNA damage caused by cancer treatments. Therefore, Fu, Sun et al. also explored the role of Sam68 in cancer. Reducing the levels of Sam68 made human colon cancer cells more likely to self-destruct when they were exposed to DNA-damaging agents. Furthermore, removing Sam68 from mice that spontaneously grow colon cancer caused their tumors to develop more slowly than mice that retained Sam68 in their cells. Overall, the findings presented by Fu, Sun et al. suggest that Sam68 regulates the signal from the nucleus to the cytoplasm that activates NF-κB proteins in response to DNA damage. Sam68 also appears to be important for helping colon cancer cells grow and survive. Future challenges will be to understand how Sam68 regulates the production of the PAR polymer in this response and to explore whether Sam68 can be targeted for treating cancer. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.15018.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Fu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Eric M Wier
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Andrea Hodgson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States.,W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Cynthia L Sears
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States.,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, United States
| | - Fengyi Wan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, United States
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45
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Pérez-Pérez A, Sánchez-Jiménez F, Vilariño-García T, de la Cruz L, Virizuela JA, Sánchez-Margalet V. Sam68 Mediates the Activation of Insulin and Leptin Signalling in Breast Cancer Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158218. [PMID: 27415018 PMCID: PMC4944952 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a well-known risk factor for breast cancer development in postmenopausal women. High insulin and leptin levels seem to have a role modulating the growth of these tumours. Sam68 is an RNA-binding protein with signalling functions that has been found to be overexpressed in breast cancer. Moreover, Sam68 may be recruited to insulin and leptin signalling pathways, mediating its effects on survival, growth and proliferation in different cellular types. We aimed to study the expression of Sam68 and its phosphorylation level upon insulin and leptin stimulation, and the role of Sam68 in the proliferative effect and signalling pathways that are activated by insulin or leptin in human breast adenocarcinoma cells. In the human breast adenocarcinoma cell lines MCF7, MDA-MB-231 and BT-474, Sam68 protein quantity and gene expression were increased upon leptin or insulin stimulation, as it was checked by qPCR and immunoblot. Moreover, both insulin and leptin stimulation promoted an increase in Sam68 tyrosine phosphorylation and negatively regulated its RNA binding capacity. siRNA was used to downregulate Sam68 expression, which resulted in lower proliferative effects of both insulin and leptin, as well as a lower activation of MAPK and PI3K pathways promoted by both hormones. These effects may be partly explained by the decrease in IRS-1 expression by down-regulation of Sam68. These results suggest the participation of Sam68 in both leptin and insulin receptor signaling in human breast cancer cells, mediating the trophic effects of these hormones in proliferation and cellular growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Pérez-Pérez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Immunology, UGC Clinical Biochemistry, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Flora Sánchez-Jiménez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Immunology, UGC Clinical Biochemistry, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Teresa Vilariño-García
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Immunology, UGC Clinical Biochemistry, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Luis de la Cruz
- UGC Clinical Oncology, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Juan A. Virizuela
- UGC Clinical Oncology, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Víctor Sánchez-Margalet
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Immunology, UGC Clinical Biochemistry, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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46
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Wang Q, Li Y, Cheng J, Chen L, Xu H, Li Q, Pang T. Sam68 affects cell proliferation and apoptosis of human adult T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells via AKT/mTOR signal pathway. Leuk Res 2016; 46:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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47
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Li N, Richard S. Sam68 functions as a transcriptional coactivator of the p53 tumor suppressor. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:8726-8741. [PMID: 27365047 PMCID: PMC5062974 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sam68 is a known sequence-specific RNA binding protein that regulates alternative splicing events during the cell cycle and apoptosis. Sam68 has also been shown to influence transcription, but the molecular mechanism remains undefined. Herein we identify Sam68 as a transcriptional coactivator of the p53 tumor suppressor in response to DNA damage. Using CRISPR/Cas9 generated isogenic HCT116 Sam68−/− cell lines wild type or deficient for p53, we show that Sam68 is required for the efficient transactivation of p53 target genes. Consistently, Sam68 depletion caused defects in DNA damage-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis mediated by p53. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that Sam68 physically interacted with p53 in an RNA-dependent manner, and that this interaction was essential for the coactivator function of Sam68. Furthermore, we show that both Sam68 and p53 were recruited to promoters of p53-responsive genes, suggesting interdependence. Finally, Sam68 acted in concert with the p53 long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) target PR-lncRNA-1 for p53 recruitment, implicating a positive-feedback mechanism in which lncRNAs induced by the Sam68/p53 complex can enhance p53 transcriptional activity. These findings define a hitherto novel mechanism of action for Sam68 in governing p53 transcriptional activation, and represent the first report of Sam68 in the regulation of tumor suppressor activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Li
- Terry Fox Molecular Oncology Group and the Bloomfield Center for Research on Aging, Sir Mortimer B Davis Jewish General Hospital, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montréal, Québec H3T 1E2, Canada Department of Medicine and Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Stéphane Richard
- Terry Fox Molecular Oncology Group and the Bloomfield Center for Research on Aging, Sir Mortimer B Davis Jewish General Hospital, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montréal, Québec H3T 1E2, Canada Department of Medicine and Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A1, Canada
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Qian J, Zhao W, Miao X, Li L, Zhang D. Sam68 modulates apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells via mediating NF-κB activation in ulcerative colitis. Mol Immunol 2016; 75:48-59. [PMID: 27235792 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sam68 (Src-associated substrate during mitosis of 68 KDa), also known as KHDRBS1 (KH domain containing, RNA binding, signal transduction associated 1), belongs to the prototypic member of the signal transduction activator of RNA (STAR) family of RNA-binding proteins. Sam68 is implicated in various cellular processes including RNA metabolism, apoptosis, signal transduction. Previous researches demonstrated that Sam68 regulated nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-κB) to induce inflammation. However, the expression and biological functions of Sam68 in ulcerative colitis (UC) are not clear. In this study, we reported for the first time that Sam68 was up-regulated in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) of patients with UC. In DSS-induced mouse colitis model, we observed the overexpression of Sam68 accompanied with increased levels of IEC apoptotic markers (active caspase-3 and cleaved PARP) and NF-κB activation indicators (p-p65 and p-IκB) in colitis IECs. Co-localization of Sam68 with active caspase-3 (and p-p65) in IECs of the DSS-induced colitis group further indicated the possible involvement of NF-κB-mediated IEC apoptosis. Applying TNF-α-treated HT-29 cells as an in vitro IEC inflammation model, we confirmed the positive correlation amomg Sam68, NF-κB activation and caspase-dependent apoptosis. Immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation assay identified nuclear translocation and physical interaction of Sam68 and NF-κB subunits in TNF-α-treated HT-29 cells. Besides, depletion of Sam68 by RNA interference greatly alleviated NF-κB activation and apoptosis in TNF-α-treated HT-29 cells. Taken together, our results indicated that Sam68 modulates apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells via mediating NF-κB activation in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Qian
- Department of Digestion Medicine, Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, 75 Tongzhenguan Road, Yixing 214200, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijuan Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianjing Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Liren Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Wu W, Liu Y, Wang Y. Sam68 promotes Schwann cell proliferation by enhancing the PI3K/Akt pathway and acts on regeneration after sciatic nerve crush. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 473:1045-1051. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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50
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Zhang H, Chen N, Li P, Pan Z, Ding Y, Zou D, Li L, Xiao L, Shen B, Liu S, Cao H, Cui Y. The nuclear protein Sam68 is recruited to the cytoplasmic stress granules during enterovirus 71 infection. Microb Pathog 2016; 96:58-66. [PMID: 27057671 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study found that the nuclear protein, 68-kDa Src-associated in mitosis protein (Sam68), is translocated to the cytoplasm and forms punctate pattern during enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection [Virus Research, 180 (2014), 1-11]. However, the exact function of this punctate pattern in cytoplasm during EV71 infection remains unknown. In this study, we firstly have examined this punctate pattern of Sam68 re-localization in the cytoplasm, and observed the obvious recruitments of Sam68 to the EV71-induced stress granules (SGs). Sam68, belongs to the KH domain family of RNA binding proteins (RBPs), was then confirmed that its KH domain was essential for this recruitment. Nevertheless, Knockdown of Sam68 expression using ShRNA had no effects on SGs assembly, indicating that Sam68 is not a constitutive component of the SGs during EV71 infection. Lastly, we investigated the importance of microtubulin transport to SGs aggregation, and revealed that microtubule depolymerization inhibited SGs formation, suggesting that EV71-induced SGs move throughout the cytoplasm in a microtubule-dependent manner. Taken together, these results illuminated that EV71 infections can induce SGs formation, and Sam68, as a SGs component, migrates alone with SGs dependent on intact microtubule upon the viral infections. These findings may provide novel underlying mechanism for delineating the role of SGs during EV71 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; College of Life Science and Technology, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Ning Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Ziye Pan
- College of Life Science and Technology, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Yun Ding
- College of Life Science and Technology, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Dehua Zou
- College of Life Science and Technology, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Liyang Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Lijie Xiao
- College of Life Science and Technology, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Binglei Shen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Shuxia Liu
- Daqing Branch of HeiLongJiang Academy of Sciences, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Hongwei Cao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; College of Life Science and Technology, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China.
| | - Yudong Cui
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; College of Life Science and Technology, HeiLongJiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China.
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