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Hutchings C, Nuriel Y, Lazar D, Kohl A, Muir E, Genin O, Cinnamon Y, Benyamini H, Nevo Y, Sela-Donenfeld D. Hindbrain boundaries as niches of neural progenitor and stem cells regulated by the extracellular matrix proteoglycan chondroitin sulphate. Development 2024; 151:dev201934. [PMID: 38251863 PMCID: PMC10911165 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The interplay between neural progenitors and stem cells (NPSCs), and their extracellular matrix (ECM) is a crucial regulatory mechanism that determines their behavior. Nonetheless, how the ECM dictates the state of NPSCs remains elusive. The hindbrain is valuable to examine this relationship, as cells in the ventricular surface of hindbrain boundaries (HBs), which arise between any two neighboring rhombomeres, express the NPSC marker Sox2, while being surrounded with the membrane-bound ECM molecule chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan (CSPG), in chick and mouse embryos. CSPG expression was used to isolate HB Sox2+ cells for RNA-sequencing, revealing their distinguished molecular properties as typical NPSCs, which express known and newly identified genes relating to stem cells, cancer, the matrisome and cell cycle. In contrast, the CSPG- non-HB cells, displayed clear neural-differentiation transcriptome. To address whether CSPG is significant for hindbrain development, its expression was manipulated in vivo and in vitro. CSPG manipulations shifted the stem versus differentiation state of HB cells, evident by their behavior and altered gene expression. These results provide further understanding of the uniqueness of hindbrain boundaries as repetitive pools of NPSCs in-between the rapidly growing rhombomeres, which rely on their microenvironment to maintain their undifferentiated state during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmel Hutchings
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Yarden Nuriel
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Daniel Lazar
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Ayelet Kohl
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Elizabeth Muir
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK
| | - Olga Genin
- Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Department of Poultry and Aquaculture Science, Rishon LeTsiyon 7505101, Israel
| | - Yuval Cinnamon
- Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Department of Poultry and Aquaculture Science, Rishon LeTsiyon 7505101, Israel
| | - Hadar Benyamini
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Dalit Sela-Donenfeld
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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2
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Pick M, Lebel E, Elgavish S, Benyamini H, Nevo Y, Hertz R, Bar-Tana J, Rognoni P, Merlini G, Gatt ME. Amyloidogenic light chains impair plasma cell survival. Haematologica 2023; 108:3359-3371. [PMID: 37381778 PMCID: PMC10690890 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2022.282484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic light chain amyloidosis (AL) is a clonal plasma cell disorder characterized by the deposition of misfolded immunoglobulin light chains (LC) as insoluble fibrils in organs. The lack of suitable models has hindered the investigation of the disease mechanisms. Our aim was to establish AL LC-producing plasma cell lines and use them to investigate the biology of the amyloidogenic clone. We used lentiviral vectors to generate cell lines expressing LC from patients suffering from AL amyloidosis. The AL LC-producing cell lines showed a significant decrease in proliferation, cell cycle arrest, and an increase in apoptosis and autophagy as compared with the multiple myeloma LC-producing cells. According to the results of RNA sequencing the AL LC-producing lines showed higher mitochondrial oxidative stress, and decreased activity of the Myc and cholesterol pathways. The neoplastic behavior of plasma cells is altered by the constitutive expression of amyloidogenic LC causing intracellular toxicity. This observation may explain the disparity in the malignant behavior of the amyloid clone compared to the myeloma clone. These findings should enable future in vitro studies and help delineate the unique cellular pathways of AL, thus expediting the development of specific treatments for patients with this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie Pick
- Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
| | - Eyal Lebel
- Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem
| | - Sharona Elgavish
- Info-CORE, I-CORE Bioinformatics Unit of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem
| | - Hadar Benyamini
- Info-CORE, I-CORE Bioinformatics Unit of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Info-CORE, I-CORE Bioinformatics Unit of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem
| | - Rachel Hertz
- School of Public Health, Hebrew University of Jerusalem
| | | | - Paola Rognoni
- Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia
| | - Giampaolo Merlini
- Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia
| | - Moshe E Gatt
- Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem
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Zhou B, Xiong Y, Nevo Y, Kahan T, Yakovian O, Alon S, Bhattacharya S, Rosenshine I, Sinai L, Ben-Yehuda S. Dormant bacterial spores encrypt a long-lasting transcriptional program to be executed during revival. Mol Cell 2023; 83:4158-4173.e7. [PMID: 37949068 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Sporulating bacteria can retreat into long-lasting dormant spores that preserve the capacity to germinate when propitious. However, how the revival transcriptional program is memorized for years remains elusive. We revealed that in dormant spores, core RNA polymerase (RNAP) resides in a central chromosomal domain, where it remains bound to a subset of intergenic promoter regions. These regions regulate genes encoding for most essential cellular functions, such as rRNAs and tRNAs. Upon awakening, RNAP recruits key transcriptional components, including sigma factor, and progresses to express the adjacent downstream genes. Mutants devoid of spore DNA-compacting proteins exhibit scattered RNAP localization and subsequently disordered firing of gene expression during germination. Accordingly, we propose that the spore chromosome is structured to preserve the transcriptional program by halting RNAP, prepared to execute transcription at the auspicious time. Such a mechanism may sustain long-term transcriptional programs in diverse organisms displaying a quiescent life form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O.B. 12272, 9112001 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yifei Xiong
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O.B. 12272, 9112001 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE Computation Center at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Tamar Kahan
- Bioinformatics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 9112001 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Oren Yakovian
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O.B. 12272, 9112001 Jerusalem, Israel; The Racah Institute of Physics, Faculty of Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 9190401 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sima Alon
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O.B. 12272, 9112001 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Saurabh Bhattacharya
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O.B. 12272, 9112001 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ilan Rosenshine
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O.B. 12272, 9112001 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lior Sinai
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O.B. 12272, 9112001 Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Sigal Ben-Yehuda
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O.B. 12272, 9112001 Jerusalem, Israel.
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Ambastha V, Nevo Y, Matityhu I, Honys D, Leshem Y. Discovery of microRNAs in Pyrus stigma exudates opens new research avenues in Horticulture. PNAS Nexus 2023; 2:pgad332. [PMID: 37954154 PMCID: PMC10634471 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
In many plant species, flower stigma secretions are important in early stages of sexual reproduction. Previous chemical analysis and proteomic characterization of these exudates provided insights into their biological function. Nevertheless, the presence of nucleic acids in the stigma exudates has not been previously reported. Here, we studied the stigma exudates of Pyrus communis, Pyrus pyrifolia, and Pyrus syriaca and showed them to harbor extracellular RNAs of various sizes. RNA sequencing revealed, for the first time, the presence of known Rosaceae mature microRNAs (miRs), also abundant in the stigma source tissue. Predicted targets of the exudate miRs in the Arabidopsis thaliana genome include genes involved in various biological processes. Several of these genes are pollen transcribed, suggesting possible involvement of exudate miRs in transcriptional regulation of the pollen. Moreover, extracellular miRs can potentially act across kingdoms and target genes of stigma interacting organisms/microorganisms, thus opening novel applicative avenues in Horticulture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Ambastha
- Department of Plant Sciences, MIGAL—Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat-Shmona 11016, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Ifat Matityhu
- Department of Plant Sciences, MIGAL—Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat-Shmona 11016, Israel
| | - David Honys
- Laboratory of Pollen Biology, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Yehoram Leshem
- Department of Plant Sciences, MIGAL—Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat-Shmona 11016, Israel
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee 1220800, Israel
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5
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Xia L, Komissarova A, Jacover A, Shovman Y, Arcila-Barrera S, Tornovsky-Babeay S, Jaya Prakashan MM, Nasereddin A, Plaschkes I, Nevo Y, Shiff I, Yosefov-Levi O, Izhiman T, Medvedev E, Eilon E, Wilensky A, Yona S, Parnas O. Systematic identification of gene combinations to target in innate immune cells to enhance T cell activation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6295. [PMID: 37813864 PMCID: PMC10562403 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41792-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic engineering of immune cells has opened new avenues for improving their functionality but it remains a challenge to pinpoint which genes or combination of genes are the most beneficial to target. Here, we conduct High Multiplicity of Perturbations and Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes (HMPCITE-seq) to find combinations of genes whose joint targeting improves antigen-presenting cell activity and enhances their ability to activate T cells. Specifically, we perform two genome-wide CRISPR screens in bone marrow dendritic cells and identify negative regulators of CD86, that participate in the co-stimulation programs, including Chd4, Stat5b, Egr2, Med12, and positive regulators of PD-L1, that participate in the co-inhibitory programs, including Sptlc2, Nckap1l, and Pi4kb. To identify the genetic interactions between top-ranked genes and find superior combinations to target, we perform high-order Perturb-Seq experiments and we show that targeting both Cebpb and Med12 results in a better phenotype compared to the single perturbations or other combinations of perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xia
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Anastasia Komissarova
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Arielle Jacover
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Yehuda Shovman
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel.
| | - Sebastian Arcila-Barrera
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Sharona Tornovsky-Babeay
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Milsee Mol Jaya Prakashan
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Abdelmajeed Nasereddin
- Core Research Facility, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Inbar Plaschkes
- I-CORE Bioinformatics Unit of the Hebrew University and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- I-CORE Bioinformatics Unit of the Hebrew University and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Idit Shiff
- Core Research Facility, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Oshri Yosefov-Levi
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Tamara Izhiman
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Eleonora Medvedev
- Core Research Facility, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Elad Eilon
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Asaf Wilensky
- Department of Periodontology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Simon Yona
- The Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Oren Parnas
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel.
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6
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Fracchia A, Khare D, Da’na S, Or R, Buxboim A, Nachmias B, Barkatz C, Golan-Gerstl R, Tiwari S, Stepensky P, Nevo Y, Benyamini H, Elgavish S, Almogi-Hazan O, Avni B. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Modulate Apoptosis, TNF Alpha and Interferon Gamma Response Gene mRNA Expression in T Lymphocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13689. [PMID: 37761990 PMCID: PMC10530670 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have highlighted the therapeutic potential of small extracellular bodies derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-sEVs) for various diseases, notably through their ability to alter T-cell differentiation and function. The current study aimed to explore immunomodulatory pathway alterations within T cells through mRNA sequencing of activated T cells cocultured with bone marrow-derived MSC-sEVs. mRNA profiling of activated human T cells cocultured with MSC-sEVs or vehicle control was performed using the QIAGEN Illumina sequencing platform. Pathway networks and biological functions of the differentially expressed genes were analyzed using Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA)® software, KEGG pathway, GSEA and STRING database. A total of 364 differentially expressed genes were identified in sEV-treated T cells. Canonical pathway analysis highlighted the RhoA signaling pathway. Cellular development, movement, growth and proliferation, cell-to-cell interaction and inflammatory response-related gene expression were altered. KEGG enrichment pathway analysis underscored the apoptosis pathway. GSEA identified enrichment in downregulated genes associated with TNF alpha and interferon gamma response, and upregulated genes related to apoptosis and migration of lymphocytes and T-cell differentiation gene sets. Our findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms by which MSC-sEVs implement immunomodulatory effects on activated T cells. These findings may contribute to the development of MSC-sEV-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Fracchia
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation & Cancer Immunotherapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (A.F.); (D.K.); (S.D.); (R.O.); (P.S.); (O.A.-H.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel;
| | - Drirh Khare
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation & Cancer Immunotherapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (A.F.); (D.K.); (S.D.); (R.O.); (P.S.); (O.A.-H.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel;
| | - Samar Da’na
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation & Cancer Immunotherapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (A.F.); (D.K.); (S.D.); (R.O.); (P.S.); (O.A.-H.)
| | - Reuven Or
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation & Cancer Immunotherapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (A.F.); (D.K.); (S.D.); (R.O.); (P.S.); (O.A.-H.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel;
| | - Amnon Buxboim
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel;
| | - Boaz Nachmias
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel;
- Department of Hematology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Claudine Barkatz
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation & Cancer Immunotherapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (A.F.); (D.K.); (S.D.); (R.O.); (P.S.); (O.A.-H.)
| | - Regina Golan-Gerstl
- Department of Pediatrics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel;
| | - Swasti Tiwari
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India;
| | - Polina Stepensky
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation & Cancer Immunotherapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (A.F.); (D.K.); (S.D.); (R.O.); (P.S.); (O.A.-H.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel;
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (Y.N.); (H.B.); (S.E.)
| | - Hadar Benyamini
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (Y.N.); (H.B.); (S.E.)
| | - Sharona Elgavish
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (Y.N.); (H.B.); (S.E.)
| | - Osnat Almogi-Hazan
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation & Cancer Immunotherapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (A.F.); (D.K.); (S.D.); (R.O.); (P.S.); (O.A.-H.)
| | - Batia Avni
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation & Cancer Immunotherapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; (A.F.); (D.K.); (S.D.); (R.O.); (P.S.); (O.A.-H.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel;
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Yehezkel AS, Abudi N, Nevo Y, Benyamini H, Elgavish S, Weinstock M, Abramovitch R. AN1284 attenuates steatosis, lipogenesis, and fibrosis in mice with pre-existing non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and directly affects aryl hydrocarbon receptor in a hepatic cell line. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1226808. [PMID: 37664863 PMCID: PMC10469006 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1226808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is an aggressive form of fatty liver disease with hepatic inflammation and fibrosis for which there is currently no drug treatment. This study determined whether an indoline derivative, AN1284, which significantly reduced damage in a model of acute liver disease, can reverse steatosis and fibrosis in mice with pre-existing NASH and explore its mechanism of action. The mouse model of dietary-induced NASH reproduces most of the liver pathology seen in human subjects. This was confirmed by RNA-sequencing analysis. The Western diet, given for 4 months, caused steatosis, inflammation, and liver fibrosis. AN1284 (1 mg or 5 mg/kg/day) was administered for the last 2 months of the diet by micro-osmotic-pumps (mps). Both doses significantly decreased hepatic damage, liver weight, hepatic fat content, triglyceride, serum alanine transaminase, and fibrosis. AN1284 (1 mg/kg/day) given by mps or in the drinking fluid significantly reduced fibrosis produced by carbon tetrachloride injections. In human HUH7 hepatoma cells incubated with palmitic acid, AN1284 (2.1 and 6.3 ng/ml), concentrations compatible with those in the liver of mice treated with AN1284, decreased lipid formation by causing nuclear translocation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). AN1284 downregulated fatty acid synthase (FASN) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) and upregulated Acyl-CoA Oxidase 1 and Cytochrome P450-a1, genes involved in lipid metabolism. In conclusion, chronic treatment with AN1284 (1mg/kg/day) reduced pre-existing steatosis and fibrosis through AhR, which affects several contributors to the development of fatty liver disease. Additional pathways are also influenced by AN1284 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi S. Yehezkel
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nathalie Abudi
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hadar Benyamini
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sharona Elgavish
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Marta Weinstock
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rinat Abramovitch
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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8
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Sharma A, Mistriel-Zerbib S, Najar RA, Engal E, Bentata M, Taqatqa N, Dahan S, Cohen K, Jaffe-Herman S, Geminder O, Baker M, Nevo Y, Plaschkes I, Kay G, Drier Y, Berger M, Salton M. Isoforms of the TAL1 transcription factor have different roles in hematopoiesis and cell growth. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002175. [PMID: 37379322 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) protein 1 (TAL1) is a central transcription factor in hematopoiesis. The timing and level of TAL1 expression orchestrate the differentiation to specialized blood cells and its overexpression is a common cause of T-ALL. Here, we studied the 2 protein isoforms of TAL1, short and long, which are generated by the use of alternative promoters as well as by alternative splicing. We analyzed the expression of each isoform by deleting an enhancer or insulator, or by opening chromatin at the enhancer location. Our results show that each enhancer promotes expression from a specific TAL1 promoter. Expression from a specific promoter gives rise to a unique 5' UTR with differential regulation of translation. Moreover, our study suggests that the enhancers regulate TAL1 exon 3 alternative splicing by inducing changes in the chromatin at the splice site, which we demonstrate is mediated by KMT2B. Furthermore, our results indicate that TAL1-short binds more strongly to TAL1 E-protein partners and functions as a stronger transcription factor than TAL1-long. Specifically TAL1-short has a unique transcription signature promoting apoptosis. Finally, when we expressed both isoforms in mice bone marrow, we found that while overexpression of both isoforms prevents lymphoid differentiation, expression of TAL-short alone leads to hematopoietic stem cell exhaustion. Furthermore, we found that TAL1-short promoted erythropoiesis and reduced cell survival in the CML cell line K562. While TAL1 and its partners are considered promising therapeutic targets in the treatment of T-ALL, our results show that TAL1-short could act as a tumor suppressor and suggest that altering TAL1 isoform's ratio could be a preferred therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aveksha Sharma
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shani Mistriel-Zerbib
- Faculty of Medicine, The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rauf Ahmad Najar
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eden Engal
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mercedes Bentata
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nadeen Taqatqa
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sara Dahan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Klil Cohen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shiri Jaffe-Herman
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ophir Geminder
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mai Baker
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE Computation Center, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Inbar Plaschkes
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE Computation Center, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gillian Kay
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yotam Drier
- Faculty of Medicine, The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michael Berger
- Faculty of Medicine, The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Maayan Salton
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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9
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Rosenberg N, Van Haele M, Lanton T, Brashi N, Bromberg Z, Adler H, Giladi H, Peled A, Goldenberg DS, Axelrod JH, Simerzin A, Chai C, Paldor M, Markezana A, Yaish D, Shemulian Z, Gross D, Barnoy S, Gefen M, Amran O, Claerhout S, Fernández-Vaquero M, García-Beccaria M, Heide D, Shoshkes-Carmel M, Schmidt Arras D, Elgavish S, Nevo Y, Benyamini H, Tirnitz-Parker JEE, Sanchez A, Herrera B, Safadi R, Kaestner KH, Rose-John S, Roskams T, Heikenwalder M, Galun E. Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma derives from liver progenitor cells and depends on senescence and IL-6 trans-signaling. J Hepatol 2022; 77:1631-1641. [PMID: 35988690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Primary liver cancers include hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and combined HCC-CCA tumors (cHCC-CCA). It has been suggested, but not unequivocally proven, that hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) can contribute to hepatocarcinogenesis. We aimed to determine whether HPCs contribute to HCC, cHCC-CCA or both types of tumors. METHODS To trace progenitor cells during hepatocarcinogenesis, we generated Mdr2-KO mice that harbor a yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) reporter gene driven by the Foxl1 promoter which is expressed specifically in progenitor cells. These mice (Mdr2-KOFoxl1-CRE;RosaYFP) develop chronic inflammation and HCCs by the age of 14-16 months, followed by cHCC-CCA tumors at the age of 18 months. RESULTS In this Mdr2-KOFoxl1-CRE;RosaYFP mouse model, liver progenitor cells are the source of cHCC-CCA tumors, but not the source of HCC. Ablating the progenitors, caused reduction of cHCC-CCA tumors but did not affect HCCs. RNA-sequencing revealed enrichment of the IL-6 signaling pathway in cHCC-CCA tumors compared to HCC tumors. Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis revealed that IL-6 is expressed by immune and parenchymal cells during senescence, and that IL-6 is part of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Administration of an anti-IL-6 antibody to Mdr2-KOFoxl1-CRE;RosaYFP mice inhibited the development of cHCC-CCA tumors. Blocking IL-6 trans-signaling led to a decrease in the number and size of cHCC-CCA tumors, indicating their dependence on this pathway. Furthermore, the administration of a senolytic agent inhibited IL-6 and the development of cHCC-CCA tumors. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that cHCC-CCA, but not HCC tumors, originate from HPCs, and that IL-6, which derives in part from cells in senescence, plays an important role in this process via IL-6 trans-signaling. These findings could be applied to develop new therapeutic approaches for cHCC-CCA tumors. LAY SUMMARY Combined hepatocellular carcinoma-cholangiocarcinoma is the third most prevalent type of primary liver cancer (i.e. a cancer that originates in the liver). Herein, we show that this type of cancer originates in stem cells in the liver and that it depends on inflammatory signaling. Specifically, we identify a cytokine called IL-6 that appears to be important in the development of these tumors. Our results could be used for the development of novel treatments for these aggressive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nofar Rosenberg
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Matthias Van Haele
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational Cell and Tissue Research, KU Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pathology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Tali Lanton
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Neta Brashi
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Zohar Bromberg
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hanan Adler
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hilla Giladi
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Amnon Peled
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Daniel S Goldenberg
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jonathan H Axelrod
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Alina Simerzin
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Chofit Chai
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mor Paldor
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Auerlia Markezana
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dayana Yaish
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Zohar Shemulian
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dvora Gross
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shanny Barnoy
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Maytal Gefen
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Osher Amran
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sofie Claerhout
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational Cell and Tissue Research, KU Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mirian Fernández-Vaquero
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - María García-Beccaria
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Danijela Heide
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michal Shoshkes-Carmel
- Department of Genetics and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Center for Translational Research, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Dirk Schmidt Arras
- Institut für Biochemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sharona Elgavish
- Bioinformatics Unit, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Bioinformatics Unit, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hadar Benyamini
- Bioinformatics Unit, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Janina E E Tirnitz-Parker
- Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia & Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Crawley, Australia
| | - Aranzazu Sanchez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca Herrera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Rifaat Safadi
- The Liver Institute, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Klaus H Kaestner
- Department of Genetics and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Center for Translational Research, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Institut für Biochemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tania Roskams
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational Cell and Tissue Research, KU Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mathias Heikenwalder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; The M3 Research Institute, Rosenauer Weg 30, Medical Faculty Tuebingen (MFT), 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Eithan Galun
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.
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10
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Zlotnik D, Rabinski T, Halfon A, Anzi S, Plaschkes I, Benyamini H, Nevo Y, Gershoni OY, Rosental B, Hershkovitz E, Ben-Zvi A, Vatine GD. P450 oxidoreductase regulates barrier maturation by mediating retinoic acid metabolism in a model of the human BBB. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:2050-2063. [PMID: 35961311 PMCID: PMC9481905 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) selectively regulates the entry of molecules into the central nervous system (CNS). A crosstalk between brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) and resident CNS cells promotes the acquisition of functional tight junctions (TJs). Retinoic acid (RA), a key signaling molecule during embryonic development, is used to enhance in vitro BBB models’ functional barrier properties. However, its physiological relevance and affected pathways are not fully understood. P450 oxidoreductase (POR) regulates the enzymatic activity of microsomal cytochromes. POR-deficient (PORD) patients display impaired steroid homeostasis and cognitive disabilities. Here, we used both patient-specific POR-deficient and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated POR-depleted induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived BMECs (iBMECs) to study the role of POR in the acquisition of functional barrier properties. We demonstrate that POR regulates cellular RA homeostasis and that POR deficiency leads to the accumulation of RA within iBMECs, resulting in the impaired acquisition of TJs and, consequently, to dysfunctional development of barrier properties. Retinoic acid (RA) promotes functional barrier properties POR-deficient iPS-brain endothelial-like cells display impaired barrier development POR mediates CYP26-dependent cellular RA catabolism RA accumulation induces a pro-inflammatory response
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Affiliation(s)
- Dor Zlotnik
- The Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; The Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell (RMSC) Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; The Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Tatiana Rabinski
- The Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell (RMSC) Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Aviv Halfon
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, the Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Shira Anzi
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, the Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Inbar Plaschkes
- Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE Computation Center, the Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Hadar Benyamini
- Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE Computation Center, the Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE Computation Center, the Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Orly Yahalom Gershoni
- The Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell (RMSC) Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Benyamin Rosental
- The Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell (RMSC) Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Eli Hershkovitz
- Israel Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ayal Ben-Zvi
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, the Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Gad D Vatine
- The Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; The Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell (RMSC) Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; The Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel.
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11
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Paldor M, Levkovitch-Siany O, Eidelshtein D, Adar R, Enk CD, Marmary Y, Elgavish S, Nevo Y, Benyamini H, Plaschkes I, Klein S, Mali A, Rose-John S, Peled A, Galun E, Axelrod JH. Single-cell transcriptomics reveals a senescence-associated IL-6/CCR6 axis driving radiodermatitis. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 14:e15653. [PMID: 35785521 PMCID: PMC9358397 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202115653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Irradiation‐induced alopecia and dermatitis (IRIAD) are two of the most visually recognized complications of radiotherapy, of which the molecular and cellular basis remains largely unclear. By combining scRNA‐seq analysis of whole skin‐derived irradiated cells with genetic ablation and molecular inhibition studies, we show that senescence‐associated IL‐6 and IL‐1 signaling, together with IL‐17 upregulation and CCR6+‐mediated immune cell migration, are crucial drivers of IRIAD. Bioinformatics analysis colocalized irradiation‐induced IL‐6 signaling with senescence pathway upregulation largely within epidermal hair follicles, basal keratinocytes, and dermal fibroblasts. Loss of cytokine signaling by genetic ablation in IL‐6−/− or IL‐1R−/− mice, or by molecular blockade, strongly ameliorated IRIAD, as did deficiency of CCL20/CCR6‐mediated immune cell migration in CCR6−/− mice. Moreover, IL‐6 deficiency strongly reduced IL‐17, IL‐22, CCL20, and CCR6 upregulation, whereas CCR6 deficiency reciprocally diminished IL‐6, IL‐17, CCL3, and MHC upregulation, suggesting that proximity‐dependent cellular cross talk promotes IRIAD. Therapeutically, topical application of Janus kinase blockers or inhibition of T‐cell activation by cyclosporine effectively reduced IRIAD, suggesting the potential of targeted approaches for the treatment of dermal side effects in radiotherapy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mor Paldor
- The Goldyne-Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Orr Levkovitch-Siany
- The Goldyne-Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dana Eidelshtein
- The Goldyne-Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Revital Adar
- The Goldyne-Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Claes D Enk
- Department of Dermatology, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yitzhak Marmary
- The Goldyne-Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sharona Elgavish
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hadar Benyamini
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Inbar Plaschkes
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shiri Klein
- The Goldyne-Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Alex Mali
- Department of Pathology, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Institut für Biochemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Amnon Peled
- The Goldyne-Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eithan Galun
- The Goldyne-Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jonathan H Axelrod
- The Goldyne-Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
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12
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Vorontsov O, Levitt L, Lilleri D, Vainer GW, Kaplan O, Schreiber L, Arossa A, Spinillo A, Furione M, Alfi O, Oiknine-Djian E, Kupervaser M, Nevo Y, Elgavish S, Yassour M, Zavattoni M, Bdolah-Abram T, Baldanti F, Geal-Dor M, Zakay-Rones Z, Yanay N, Yagel S, Panet A, Wolf DG. Amniotic fluid biomarkers predict the severity of congenital cytomegalovirus infection. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:157415. [PMID: 35439172 PMCID: PMC9151692 DOI: 10.1172/jci157415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDCytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common intrauterine infection, leading to infant brain damage. Prognostic assessment of CMV-infected fetuses has remained an ongoing challenge in prenatal care, in the absence of established prenatal biomarkers of congenital CMV (cCMV) infection severity. We aimed to identify prognostic biomarkers of cCMV-related fetal brain injury.METHODSWe performed global proteome analysis of mid-gestation amniotic fluid samples, comparing amniotic fluid of fetuses with severe cCMV with that of asymptomatic CMV-infected fetuses. The levels of selected differentially excreted proteins were further determined by specific immunoassays.RESULTSUsing unbiased proteome analysis in a discovery cohort, we identified amniotic fluid proteins related to inflammation and neurological disease pathways, which demonstrated distinct abundance in fetuses with severe cCMV. Amniotic fluid levels of 2 of these proteins - the immunomodulatory proteins retinoic acid receptor responder 2 (chemerin) and galectin-3-binding protein (Gal-3BP) - were highly predictive of the severity of cCMV in an independent validation cohort, differentiating between fetuses with severe (n = 17) and asymptomatic (n = 26) cCMV, with 100%-93.8% positive predictive value, and 92.9%-92.6% negative predictive value (for chemerin and Gal-3BP, respectively). CONCLUSIONAnalysis of chemerin and Gal-3BP levels in mid-gestation amniotic fluids could be used in the clinical setting to profoundly improve the prognostic assessment of CMV-infected fetuses.FUNDINGIsrael Science Foundation (530/18 and IPMP 3432/19); Research Fund - Hadassah Medical Organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olesya Vorontsov
- Clinical Virology Unit, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine.,Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Research, Israel-Canada (IMRIC), Faculty of Medicine.,Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, and
| | - Lorinne Levitt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Daniele Lilleri
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gilad W Vainer
- Department of Pathology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Orit Kaplan
- Clinical Virology Unit, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine
| | - Licita Schreiber
- Maccabi Healthcare Services, Central Laboratory, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alessia Arossa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Arseno Spinillo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Milena Furione
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Or Alfi
- Clinical Virology Unit, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine.,Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Research, Israel-Canada (IMRIC), Faculty of Medicine.,Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, and
| | - Esther Oiknine-Djian
- Clinical Virology Unit, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine.,Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Research, Israel-Canada (IMRIC), Faculty of Medicine.,Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, and
| | - Meital Kupervaser
- The De Botton Protein Profiling Institute of the Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE
| | | | - Moran Yassour
- School of Computer Science and Engineering.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, and
| | - Maurizio Zavattoni
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Tali Bdolah-Abram
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Fausto Baldanti
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Miriam Geal-Dor
- Department of Speech and Hearing, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Zichria Zakay-Rones
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Research, Israel-Canada (IMRIC), Faculty of Medicine
| | - Nili Yanay
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Simcha Yagel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Amos Panet
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Research, Israel-Canada (IMRIC), Faculty of Medicine
| | - Dana G Wolf
- Clinical Virology Unit, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine.,Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, and
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13
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Shore T, Levi T, Kalifa R, Dreifuss A, Rekler D, Weinberg-Shukron A, Nevo Y, Bialistoky T, Moyal V, Gold MY, Leebhoff S, Zangen D, Deshpande G, Gerlitz O. Nucleoporin107 mediates female sexual differentiation via Dsx. eLife 2022; 11:72632. [PMID: 35311642 PMCID: PMC8975549 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently identified a missense mutation in Nucleoporin107 (Nup107; D447N) underlying XX-ovarian-dysgenesis, a rare disorder characterized by underdeveloped and dysfunctional ovaries. Modeling of the human mutation in Drosophila or specific knockdown of Nup107 in the gonadal soma resulted in ovarian-dysgenesis-like phenotypes. Transcriptomic analysis identified the somatic sex-determination gene doublesex (dsx) as a target of Nup107. Establishing Dsx as a primary relevant target of Nup107, either loss or gain of Dsx in the gonadal soma is sufficient to mimic or rescue the phenotypes induced by Nup107 loss. Importantly, the aberrant phenotypes induced by compromising either Nup107 or dsx are reminiscent of BMP signaling hyperactivation. Remarkably, in this context, the metalloprotease AdamTS-A, a transcriptional target of both Dsx and Nup107, is necessary for the calibration of BMP signaling. As modulation of BMP signaling is a conserved critical determinant of soma-germline interaction, the sex and tissue specific deployment of Dsx-F by Nup107 seems crucial for the maintenance of the homeostatic balance between the germ cells and somatic gonadal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tikva Shore
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tgst Levi
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rachel Kalifa
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Amatzia Dreifuss
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dina Rekler
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Yuval Nevo
- Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE Computation Center, The Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tzofia Bialistoky
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Victoria Moyal
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Merav Yaffa Gold
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shira Leebhoff
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David Zangen
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Girish Deshpande
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, United States
| | - Offer Gerlitz
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
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14
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Baker M, Petasny M, Taqatqa N, Bentata M, Kay G, Engal E, Nevo Y, Siam A, Dahan S, Salton M. KDM3A regulates alternative splicing of cell-cycle genes following DNA damage. RNA 2021; 27:1353-1362. [PMID: 34321328 PMCID: PMC8522690 DOI: 10.1261/rna.078796.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the cellular environment result in chromatin structure alteration, which in turn regulates gene expression. To learn about the effect of the cellular environment on the transcriptome, we studied the H3K9 demethylase KDM3A. Using RNA-seq, we found that KDM3A regulates the transcription and alternative splicing of genes associated with cell cycle and DNA damage. We showed that KDM3A undergoes phosphorylation by PKA at serine 265 following DNA damage, and that the phosphorylation is important for proper cell-cycle regulation. We demonstrated that SAT1 alternative splicing, regulated by KDM3A, plays a role in cell-cycle regulation. Furthermore we found that KDM3A's demethylase activity is not needed for SAT1 alternative splicing regulation. In addition, we identified KDM3A's protein partner ARID1A, the SWI/SNF subunit, and SRSF3 as regulators of SAT1 alternative splicing and showed that KDM3A is essential for SRSF3 binding to SAT1 pre-mRNA. These results suggest that KDM3A serves as a sensor of the environment and an adaptor for splicing factor binding. Our work reveals chromatin sensing of the environment in the regulation of alternative splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Baker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Mayra Petasny
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Nadeen Taqatqa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Mercedes Bentata
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Gillian Kay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Eden Engal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Ahmad Siam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Sara Dahan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Maayan Salton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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15
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Hoffman E, Dang U, Clemens P, Gordish-Dressman H, Schwartz B, Mengle-Gaw L, Leinonen M, Smith E, Castro D, Kuntz N, Finkel R, Tulinius M, Nevo Y, Ryan M, Webster R, van den Anker J, Ward L, Damsker J, McDonald C, Guglieri M, Mah J. CLINICAL TRIAL HIGHLIGHTS. Neuromuscul Disord 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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Shriki A, Lanton T, Sonnenblick A, Levkovitch-Siany O, Eidelshtein D, Abramovitch R, Rosenberg N, Pappo O, Elgavish S, Nevo Y, Safadi R, Peled A, Rose-John S, Galun E, Axelrod JH. Multiple Roles of IL6 in Hepatic Injury, Steatosis, and Senescence Aggregate to Suppress Tumorigenesis. Cancer Res 2021; 81:4766-4777. [PMID: 34117031 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) typically develops on a background of chronic hepatitis for which the proinflammatory cytokine IL6 is conventionally considered a crucial driving factor. Paradoxically, IL6 also acts as a hepatoprotective factor in chronic liver injury. Here we used the multidrug-resistant gene 2 knockout (Mdr2-/-) mouse model to elucidate potential roles of IL6 in chronic hepatitis-associated liver cancer. Long-term analysis of three separate IL6/Stat3 signaling-deficient Mdr2-/- strains revealed aggravated liver injury with increased dysplastic nodule formation and significantly accelerated tumorigenesis in all strains. Tumorigenesis in the IL6/Stat3-perturbed models was strongly associated with enhanced macrophage accumulation and hepatosteatosis, phenotypes of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), as well as with significant reductions in senescence and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) accompanied by increased hepatocyte proliferation. These findings reveal a crucial suppressive role for IL6/Stat3 signaling in chronic hepatitis-associated hepatocarcinogenesis by impeding protumorigenic NASH-associated phenotypes and by reinforcing the antitumorigenic effects of the SASP. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings describe a context-dependent role of IL6 signaling in hepatocarcinogenesis and predict that increased IL6-neutralizing sgp130 levels in some patients with NASH may herald early HCC development.See related commentary by Huynh and Ernst, p. 4671.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Shriki
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tali Lanton
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Amir Sonnenblick
- Oncology Division, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Orr Levkovitch-Siany
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dana Eidelshtein
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rinat Abramovitch
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Human Biology Research Center, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nofar Rosenberg
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Orit Pappo
- Department of Pathology, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sharona Elgavish
- Bioinformatics Unit, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Hadassah Medical School, Ein Karem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Bioinformatics Unit, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Hadassah Medical School, Ein Karem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rifaat Safadi
- Liver Unit, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Amnon Peled
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Institut für Biochemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Eithan Galun
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Jonathan H Axelrod
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.
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17
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Sheinboim D, Parikh S, Parikh R, Menuchin A, Shapira G, Kapitansky O, Elkoshi N, Ruppo S, Shaham L, Golan T, Elgavish S, Nevo Y, Bell RE, Malcov H, Shomron N, Taub JW, Izraeli S, Levy C. Slow transcription of the 99a/let-7c/125b-2 cluster results in differential miRNA expression and promotes melanoma phenotypic plasticity. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:2944-2956.e6. [PMID: 34186058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Almost half of human miRNAs are encoded in clusters. Although transcribed as a single unit, the levels of individual mature miRNAs often differ. The mechanisms underlying differential biogenesis of clustered miRNAs and the resulting physiological implications are mostly unknown. Here, we report that the melanoma master transcription regulator MITF regulates the differential expression of the 99a/let-7c/125b-2 cluster by altering the distribution of RNA polymerase II (Pol-II) along the cluster. We discovered that MITF interacts with TRIM28, a known inhibitor of Pol-II transcription elongation, at the let-7c region resulting in Pol-II pausing and causing its elevated expression, whereas low levels of Pol-II occupation over miR-99a and miR-125b-2 regions decreases their biogenesis. Furthermore, we showed that this differential expression affects the phenotypic state of melanoma cells. RNA-seq analysis of proliferative melanoma cells that express miR-99a and miR-125b mimics revealed a transcriptomic shift toward an invasive phenotype. Conversely, expression of a let-7c mimic in invasive melanoma cells induced a shift to a more proliferative state. We confirmed direct target genes of these miRNAs: FGFR3, BAP1, Bcl2, TGFBR1, and CDKN1A. Our study demonstrates a MITF-governed biogenesis mechanism that results in differential expression of clustered 99a/let-7c/125b-2 miRNAs that control melanoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danna Sheinboim
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Shivang Parikh
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Roma Parikh
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Amitai Menuchin
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Guy Shapira
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Oxana Kapitansky
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Nadav Elkoshi
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Shmuel Ruppo
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE, Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Lital Shaham
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Department, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petah Tikva 49202, Israel
| | - Tamar Golan
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Sharona Elgavish
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE, Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE, Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Rachel E Bell
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Hagar Malcov
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Noam Shomron
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; Edmond J. Safra Center of Bioinformatics, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Jeffrey W Taub
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Shai Izraeli
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE, Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Carmit Levy
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
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18
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Alfi O, Yakirevitch A, Wald O, Wandel O, Izhar U, Oiknine-Djian E, Nevo Y, Elgavish S, Dagan E, Madgar O, Feinmesser G, Pikarsky E, Bronstein M, Vorontsov O, Jonas W, Ives J, Walter J, Zakay-Rones Z, Oberbaum M, Panet A, Wolf DG. Human Nasal and Lung Tissues Infected Ex Vivo with SARS-CoV-2 Provide Insights into Differential Tissue-Specific and Virus-Specific Innate Immune Responses in the Upper and Lower Respiratory Tract. J Virol 2021; 95:e0013021. [PMID: 33893170 PMCID: PMC8223920 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00130-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The nasal mucosa constitutes the primary entry site for respiratory viruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). While the imbalanced innate immune response of end-stage coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been extensively studied, the earliest stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection at the mucosal entry site have remained unexplored. Here, we employed SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus infection in native multi-cell-type human nasal turbinate and lung tissues ex vivo, coupled with genome-wide transcriptional analysis, to investigate viral susceptibility and early patterns of local mucosal innate immune response in the authentic milieu of the human respiratory tract. SARS-CoV-2 productively infected the nasal turbinate tissues, predominantly targeting respiratory epithelial cells, with a rapid increase in tissue-associated viral subgenomic mRNA and secretion of infectious viral progeny. Importantly, SARS-CoV-2 infection triggered robust antiviral and inflammatory innate immune responses in the nasal mucosa. The upregulation of interferon-stimulated genes, cytokines, and chemokines, related to interferon signaling and immune-cell activation pathways, was broader than that triggered by influenza virus infection. Conversely, lung tissues exhibited a restricted innate immune response to SARS-CoV-2, with a conspicuous lack of type I and III interferon upregulation, contrasting with their vigorous innate immune response to influenza virus. Our findings reveal differential tissue-specific innate immune responses in the upper and lower respiratory tracts that are specific to SARS-CoV-2. The studies shed light on the role of the nasal mucosa in active viral transmission and immune defense, implying a window of opportunity for early interventions, whereas the restricted innate immune response in early-SARS-CoV-2-infected lung tissues could underlie the unique uncontrolled late-phase lung damage of advanced COVID-19. IMPORTANCE In order to reduce the late-phase morbidity and mortality of COVID-19, there is a need to better understand and target the earliest stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the human respiratory tract. Here, we have studied the initial steps of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the consequent innate immune responses within the natural multicellular complexity of human nasal mucosal and lung tissues. Comparing the global innate response patterns of nasal and lung tissues infected in parallel with SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus, we found distinct virus-host interactions in the upper and lower respiratory tract, which could determine the outcome and unique pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Studies in the nasal mucosal infection model can be employed to assess the impact of viral evolutionary changes and evaluate new therapeutic and preventive measures against SARS-CoV-2 and other human respiratory pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Or Alfi
- Clinical Virology Unit, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Biochemistry, IMRIC, The Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
- Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, The Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Arkadi Yakirevitch
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ori Wald
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ori Wandel
- Clinical Virology Unit, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Uzi Izhar
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Esther Oiknine-Djian
- Clinical Virology Unit, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE Computation Center, The Hebrew University and Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sharona Elgavish
- Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE Computation Center, The Hebrew University and Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Elad Dagan
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ory Madgar
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gilad Feinmesser
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eli Pikarsky
- Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, The Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michal Bronstein
- Center for Genomic Technologies, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Olesya Vorontsov
- Clinical Virology Unit, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Biochemistry, IMRIC, The Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
- Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, The Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Wayne Jonas
- Samueli Institute, Alexandria, Virginia, USA
| | - John Ives
- Samueli Institute, Alexandria, Virginia, USA
| | - Joan Walter
- Samueli Institute, Alexandria, Virginia, USA
| | - Zichria Zakay-Rones
- Department of Biochemistry, IMRIC, The Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Menachem Oberbaum
- The Center for Integrative Complementary Medicine, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Amos Panet
- Department of Biochemistry, IMRIC, The Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dana G. Wolf
- Clinical Virology Unit, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, The Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
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19
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Melendez-Rodriguez B, Torres-Giner S, Angulo I, Pardo-Figuerez M, Hilliou L, Escuin JM, Cabedo L, Nevo Y, Prieto C, Lagaron JM. High-Oxygen-Barrier Multilayer Films Based on Polyhydroxyalkanoates and Cellulose Nanocrystals. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:1443. [PMID: 34070946 PMCID: PMC8226675 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study reports on the development and characterization of organic recyclable high-oxygen-barrier multilayer films based on different commercial polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) materials, including a blend with commercial poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), which contained an inner layer of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and an electrospun hot-tack adhesive layer of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) derived from cheese whey (CW). As a result, the full multilayer structures were made from bio-based and/or compostable materials. A characterization of the produced films was carried out in terms of morphological, optical, mechanical, and barrier properties with respect to water vapor, limonene, and oxygen. Results indicate that the multilayer films exhibited a good interlayer adhesion and contact transparency. The stiffness of the multilayers was generally improved upon incorporation of the CNC interlayer, whereas the enhanced elasticity of the blend was reduced to some extent in the multilayer with CNCs, but this was still much higher than for the neat PHAs. In terms of barrier properties, it was found that 1 µm of the CNC interlayer was able to reduce the oxygen permeance between 71% and 86%, while retaining the moisture and aroma barrier of the control materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Melendez-Rodriguez
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain; (B.M.-R.); (S.T.-G.); (M.P.-F.); (C.P.)
| | - Sergio Torres-Giner
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain; (B.M.-R.); (S.T.-G.); (M.P.-F.); (C.P.)
| | - Inmaculada Angulo
- Gaiker Technology Centre, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA). Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, edificio 202, 48170 Zamudio, Bizkaia, Spain;
| | - Maria Pardo-Figuerez
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain; (B.M.-R.); (S.T.-G.); (M.P.-F.); (C.P.)
- Bioinicia R&D, Bioinicia S.L., 46980 Valencia, Spain
| | - Loïc Hilliou
- IPC/I3N, Institute for Polymers and Composites, Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, 4800-058 Braga, Portugal;
| | - Jose Manuel Escuin
- Tecnopackaging S.L., Poligono Industrial Empresarium, 50720 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Luis Cabedo
- Polymers and Advanced Materials Group (PIMA), School of Technology and Experimental Sciences, Universitat Jaume I (UJI), 12071 Castellón, Spain;
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Melodea Bio-Based Solutions, Faculty of Agriculture-Hebrew University, Rehovot 76100, Israel;
| | - Cristina Prieto
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain; (B.M.-R.); (S.T.-G.); (M.P.-F.); (C.P.)
| | - Jose Maria Lagaron
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain; (B.M.-R.); (S.T.-G.); (M.P.-F.); (C.P.)
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20
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Ben-Yaacov A, Laks S, Goldenshluger M, Nevo Y, Mor E, Schtrechman G, Margalit O, Boursi B, Shacham-Shmueli E, Halpern N, Purim O, Hazzan D, Segev L, Zippel D, Adileh M, Nissan A. Impact of "critical lesions" on outcomes following cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intra-peritoneal chemotherapy. Eur J Surg Oncol 2021; 47:2933-2938. [PMID: 34088586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2021.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peritoneal Cancer Index (PCI) and complete cytoreduction are the best outcome predictors following cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). Lesions in critical areas, regardless of PCI, complicate surgery and impact oncological outcomes. We prospectively defined "Critical lesions" (CL) as penetrating the hepatic hilum, diaphragm at hepatic outflow, major blood vessels, pancreas, or urinary tract. METHODS Retrospective analysis of a prospective database of 352 CRS + HIPEC patients from 2015 to 2019. Excluded patients with aborted/redo operation (n = 112), or incomplete data (n = 19). Patients categorized by CL status and compared: operative time, estimated blood loss (EBL), PCI, transfusions, hospital stay, post-operative complications and mortality, overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS Included 221 patients (78 CL; 143 no-CL). No difference in patients' characteristics: age, BMI, gender or co-morbidities noted. Operative time longer (5.3 h vs 4.3 h, p < 0.01), EBL higher (769 ml vs 405 ml, p < 0.01), transfusions higher (1.9 vs 0.7 Units, p < 0.001) and PCI higher (15.5 vs 9.5, p < 0.01) in CL. No difference in major complications. Postoperative complications, CL, OR-time and transfusions were predictive of OS in univariate analysis, while only complications remained on multivariate analysis. Median follow up of 21.4 months, 3-year DFS/OS was 22% vs 30% (p < 0.037) and 73% vs 87% (p < 0.014) in CL and non-CL, respectively. Despite CL complete resection, 17/38 patients (44.7%) that recurred had recurrence at previous CL site. CONCLUSIONS Critical lesions complicate surgery and may be associated with poor oncological outcomes with high local recurrence rate, despite no significant difference in complications. Utilizing adjuvant or intra-operative radiation may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ben-Yaacov
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery- Surgery C, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel.
| | - S Laks
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery- Surgery C, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - M Goldenshluger
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery- Surgery C, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Y Nevo
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery- Surgery C, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - E Mor
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery- Surgery C, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - G Schtrechman
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery- Surgery C, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - O Margalit
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel; Gastrointestinal Malignancies Unit at the Institution of Oncology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - B Boursi
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel; Gastrointestinal Malignancies Unit at the Institution of Oncology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - E Shacham-Shmueli
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel; Gastrointestinal Malignancies Unit at the Institution of Oncology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - N Halpern
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel; Gastrointestinal Malignancies Unit at the Institution of Oncology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - O Purim
- Gastrointestinal Malignancy Service at Assuta Samson Hospital, Ashdod, Israel
| | - D Hazzan
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery- Surgery C, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - L Segev
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery- Surgery C, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - D Zippel
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery- Surgery C, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - M Adileh
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery- Surgery C, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - A Nissan
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery- Surgery C, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
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Figueroa-Lopez KJ, Torres-Giner S, Angulo I, Pardo-Figuerez M, Escuin JM, Bourbon AI, Cabedo L, Nevo Y, Cerqueira MA, Lagaron JM. Development of Active Barrier Multilayer Films Based on Electrospun Antimicrobial Hot-Tack Food Waste Derived Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co-3-hydroxyvalerate) and Cellulose Nanocrystal Interlayers. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:E2356. [PMID: 33260904 PMCID: PMC7761208 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Active multilayer films based on polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) with and without high barrier coatings of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were herein successfully developed. To this end, an electrospun antimicrobial hot-tack layer made of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) derived from cheese whey, a by-product from the dairy industry, was deposited on a previously manufactured blown film of commercial food contact PHA-based resin. A hybrid combination of oregano essential oil (OEO) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) were incorporated during the electrospinning process into the PHBV nanofibers at 2.5 and 2.25 wt%, respectively, in order to provide antimicrobial properties. A barrier CNC coating was also applied by casting from an aqueous solution of nanocellulose at 2 wt% using a rod at 1m/min. The whole multilayer structure was thereafter assembled in a pilot roll-to-roll laminating system, where the blown PHA-based film was located as the outer layers while the electrospun antimicrobial hot-tack PHBV layer and the barrier CNC coating were placed as interlayers. The resultant multilayer films, having a final thickness in the 130-150 µm range, were characterized to ascertain their potential in biodegradable food packaging. The multilayers showed contact transparency, interlayer adhesion, improved barrier to water and limonene vapors, and intermediate mechanical performance. Moreover, the films presented high antimicrobial and antioxidant activities in both open and closed systems for up to 15 days. Finally, the food safety of the multilayers was assessed by migration and cytotoxicity tests, demonstrating that the films are safe to use in both alcoholic and acid food simulants and they are also not cytotoxic for Caco-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly J. Figueroa-Lopez
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), CSIC, Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benllonch 7, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (K.J.F.-L.); (S.T.-G.); (M.P.-F.)
| | - Sergio Torres-Giner
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), CSIC, Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benllonch 7, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (K.J.F.-L.); (S.T.-G.); (M.P.-F.)
| | - Inmaculada Angulo
- Gaiker Technological Centre, Department of Plastics and Composites, Parque Tecnológico Edificio 202, 48170 Zamudio, Spain;
| | - Maria Pardo-Figuerez
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), CSIC, Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benllonch 7, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (K.J.F.-L.); (S.T.-G.); (M.P.-F.)
- Bioinicia R&D, Bioinicia S.L., Calle Algepser 65, Nave 3, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Escuin
- Tecnopackaging S.L., Poligono Industrial Empresarium, Calle Romero 12, 50720 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Ana Isabel Bourbon
- Food Processing and Nutrition Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (A.I.B.); (M.A.C.)
| | - Luis Cabedo
- Polymers and Advanced Materials Group (PIMA), School of Technology and Experimental Sciences, Universitat Jaume I (UJI), Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón, Spain;
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Melodea Bio-Based Solutions, Faculty of Agriculture-Hebrew University, Rehovot 76100, Israel;
| | - Miguel A. Cerqueira
- Food Processing and Nutrition Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (A.I.B.); (M.A.C.)
| | - Jose M. Lagaron
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), CSIC, Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benllonch 7, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (K.J.F.-L.); (S.T.-G.); (M.P.-F.)
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Benyamini H, Kling Y, Yakovlev L, Becker Cohen M, Nevo Y, Elgavish S, Harazi A, Argov Z, Sela I, Mitrani-Rosenbaum S. Upregulation of Hallmark Muscle Genes Protects GneM743T/M743T Mutated Knock-In Mice From Kidney and Muscle Phenotype. J Neuromuscul Dis 2020; 7:119-136. [PMID: 31985472 PMCID: PMC7175939 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-190461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Mutations in GNE cause a recessive, adult onset myopathy characterized by slowly progressive distal and proximal muscle weakness. Knock-in mice carrying the most frequent mutation in GNE myopathy patients, GneM743T/M743T, usually die few days after birth from severe renal failure, with no muscle phenotype. However, a spontaneous sub-colony remains healthy throughout a normal lifespan without any kidney or muscle pathology. Objective: We attempted to decipher the molecular mechanisms behind these phenotypic differences and to determine the mechanisms preventing the kidney and muscles from disease. Methods: We analyzed the transcriptome and proteome of kidneys and muscles of sick and healthy GneM743T/M743T mice. Results: The sick GneM743T/M743T kidney was characterized by up-regulation of extra-cellular matrix degradation related processes and by down-regulation of oxidative phosphorylation and respiratory electron chain pathway, that was also observed in the asymptomatic muscles. Surprisingly, the healthy kidneys of the GneM743T/M743T mice were characterized by up-regulation of hallmark muscle genes. In addition the asymptomatic muscles of the sick GneM743T/M743T mice showed upregulation of transcription and translation processes. Conclusions: Overexpression of muscle physiology genes in healthy GneM743T/M743T mice seems to define the protecting mechanism in these mice. Furthermore, the strong involvement of muscle related genes in kidney may bridge the apparent phenotypic gap between GNE myopathy and the knock-in GneM743T/M743T mouse model and provide new directions in the study of GNE function in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadar Benyamini
- Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE at the Hebrew University and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yehuda Kling
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lena Yakovlev
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michal Becker Cohen
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE at the Hebrew University and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sharona Elgavish
- Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE at the Hebrew University and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Avi Harazi
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Zohar Argov
- Department of Neurology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ilan Sela
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Stella Mitrani-Rosenbaum
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Kuzminsky A, Nevo Y, Aharoni S, Rabie M. MYASTHENIA & RELATED DISORDERS. Neuromuscul Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Bentata M, Morgenstern G, Nevo Y, Kay G, Granit Mizrahi A, Temper M, Maimon O, Monas L, Basheer R, Ben-Hur A, Peretz T, Salton M. Splicing Factor Transcript Abundance in Saliva as a Diagnostic Tool for Breast Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11080880. [PMID: 32756364 PMCID: PMC7463790 DOI: 10.3390/genes11080880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women above 60 years in the US. Screening mammography is recommended for women above 50 years; however, 22% of breast cancer cases are diagnosed in women below this age. We set out to develop a test based on the detection of cell-free RNA from saliva. To this end, we sequenced RNA from a pool of ten women. The 1254 transcripts identified were enriched for genes with an annotation of alternative pre-mRNA splicing. Pre-mRNA splicing is a tightly regulated process and its misregulation in cancer cells promotes the formation of cancer-driving isoforms. For these reasons, we chose to focus on splicing factors as biomarkers for the early detection of breast cancer. We found that the level of the splicing factors is unique to each woman and consistent in the same woman at different time points. Next, we extracted RNA from 36 healthy subjects and 31 breast cancer patients. Recording the mRNA level of seven splicing factors in these samples demonstrated that the combination of all these factors is different in the two groups (p value = 0.005). Our results demonstrate a differential abundance of splicing factor mRNA in the saliva of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Bentata
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel–Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (M.B.); (G.M.); (G.K.)
| | - Guy Morgenstern
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel–Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (M.B.); (G.M.); (G.K.)
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel;
| | - Gillian Kay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel–Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (M.B.); (G.M.); (G.K.)
| | - Avital Granit Mizrahi
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (A.G.M.); (M.T.); (O.M.); (L.M.); (R.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Mark Temper
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (A.G.M.); (M.T.); (O.M.); (L.M.); (R.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Ofra Maimon
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (A.G.M.); (M.T.); (O.M.); (L.M.); (R.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Liza Monas
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (A.G.M.); (M.T.); (O.M.); (L.M.); (R.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Reham Basheer
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (A.G.M.); (M.T.); (O.M.); (L.M.); (R.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Asa Ben-Hur
- Department of Computer Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
| | - Tamar Peretz
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (A.G.M.); (M.T.); (O.M.); (L.M.); (R.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Maayan Salton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel–Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; (M.B.); (G.M.); (G.K.)
- Correspondence:
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25
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Guedj A, Volman Y, Geiger-Maor A, Bolik J, Schumacher N, Künzel S, Baines JF, Nevo Y, Elgavish S, Galun E, Amsalem H, Schmidt-Arras D, Rachmilewitz J. Gut microbiota shape 'inflamm-ageing' cytokines and account for age-dependent decline in DNA damage repair. Gut 2020; 69:1064-1075. [PMID: 31586932 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Failing to properly repair damaged DNA drives the ageing process. Furthermore, age-related inflammation contributes to the manifestation of ageing. Recently, we demonstrated that the efficiency of repair of diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced double-strand breaks (DSBs) rapidly declines with age. We therefore hypothesised that with age, the decline in DNA damage repair stems from age-related inflammation. DESIGN We used DEN-induced DNA damage in mouse livers and compared the efficiency of their resolution in different ages and following various permutations aimed at manipulating the liver age-related inflammation. RESULTS We found that age-related deregulation of innate immunity was linked to altered gut microbiota. Consequently, antibiotic treatment, MyD88 ablation or germ-free mice had reduced cytokine expression and improved DSBs rejoining in 6-month-old mice. In contrast, feeding young mice with a high-fat diet enhanced inflammation and facilitated the decline in DSBs repair. This latter effect was reversed by antibiotic treatment. Kupffer cell replenishment or their inactivation with gadolinium chloride reduced proinflammatory cytokine expression and reversed the decline in DSBs repair. The addition of proinflammatory cytokines ablated DSBs rejoining mediated by macrophage-derived heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results reveal a previously unrecognised link between commensal bacteria-induced inflammation that results in age-dependent decline in DNA damage repair. Importantly, the present study support the notion of a cell non-autonomous mechanism for age-related decline in DNA damage repair that is based on the presence of 'inflamm-ageing' cytokines in the tissue microenvironment, rather than an intrinsic cellular deficiency in the DNA repair machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avital Guedj
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yael Volman
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Anat Geiger-Maor
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Julia Bolik
- Institute of Biochemistry, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Sven Künzel
- Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Max Planck, Plön, Germany
| | - John F Baines
- Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Max Planck, Plön, Germany.,Institute for Experimental Medicine, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE Computation Center, The Hebrew University and Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sharona Elgavish
- Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE Computation Center, The Hebrew University and Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eithan Galun
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hagai Amsalem
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah University Hospital-Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Jacob Rachmilewitz
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Yanay N, Elbaz M, Konikov-Rozenman J, Elgavish S, Nevo Y, Fellig Y, Rabie M, Mitrani-Rosenbaum S, Nevo Y. Pax7, Pax3 and Mamstr genes are involved in skeletal muscle impaired regeneration of dy2J/dy2J mouse model of Lama2-CMD. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 28:3369-3390. [PMID: 31348492 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital muscular dystrophy type-1A (Lama2-CMD) and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) result from deficiencies of laminin-α2 and dystrophin proteins, respectively. Although both proteins strengthen the sarcolemma, they are implicated in clinically distinct phenotypes. We used RNA-deep sequencing (RNA-Seq) of dy2J/dy2J, Lama2-CMD mouse model, skeletal muscle at 8 weeks of age to elucidate disease pathophysiology. This study is the first report of dy2J/dy2J model whole transcriptome profile. RNA-Seq of the mdx mouse model of DMD and wild-type (WT) mouse was carried as well in order to enable a novel comparison of dy2J/dy2J to mdx. A large group of shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was found in dy2J/dy2J and mdx models (1834 common DEGs, false discovery rate [FDR] < 0.05). Enrichment pathway analysis using ingenuity pathway analysis showed enrichment of inflammation, fibrosis, cellular movement, migration and proliferation of cells, apoptosis and necrosis in both mouse models (P-values 3E-10-9E-37). Via canonical pathway analysis, actin cytoskeleton, integrin, integrin-linked kinase, NF-kB, renin-angiotensin, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and calcium signaling were also enriched and upregulated in both models (FDR < 0.05). Interestingly, significant downregulation of Pax7 was detected in dy2J/dy2J compared to upregulation of this key regeneration gene in mdx mice. Pax3 and Mamstr genes were also downregulated in dy2J/dy2J compared to WT mice. These results may explain the distinct disease course and severity in these models. While the mdx model at that stage shows massive regeneration, the dy2J/dy2J shows progressive dystrophic process. Our data deepen our understanding of the molecular pathophysiology and suggest new targets for additional therapies to upregulate regeneration in Lama2-CMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurit Yanay
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Institute of Neurology, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Moran Elbaz
- Pediatric Neuromuscular Laboratory, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jenya Konikov-Rozenman
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Institute of Neurology, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Sharona Elgavish
- Info-CORE, I-CORE Bioinformatics Unit, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Info-CORE, I-CORE Bioinformatics Unit, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yakov Fellig
- Department of Pathology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Malcolm Rabie
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Institute of Neurology, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Stella Mitrani-Rosenbaum
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yoram Nevo
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Institute of Neurology, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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27
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Ben-Nun-Shaul O, Srivastava R, Elgavish S, Gandhi S, Nevo Y, Benyamini H, Eden A, Oppenheim A. Empty SV40 capsids increase survival of septic rats by eliciting numerous host signaling networks that participate in a number of systemic functions. Oncotarget 2020; 11:574-588. [PMID: 32110278 PMCID: PMC7021236 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is an excessive, dysregulated immune response to infection that activates inflammatory and coagulation cascades, which may lead to tissue injury, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and death. Millions of individuals die annually of sepsis. To date, the only treatment available is antibiotics, drainage of the infection source when possible, and organ support in intensive care units. Numerous previous attempts to develop therapeutic treatments, directed at discreet targets of the sepsis cascade, could not cope with the complex pathophysiology of sepsis and failed. Here we describe a novel treatment, based on empty capsids of SV40 (nanocapsids - NCs). Studies in a severe rat sepsis model showed that pre-treatment by NCs led to a dramatic increase in survival, from zero to 75%. Transcript analyses (RNAseq) demonstrated that the NC treatment is a paradigm shift. The NCs affect multiple facets of biological functions. The affected genes are modified with time, adjusting to the recovery processes. The NCs effect on normal control rats was negligible. The study shows that the NCs are capable of coping with diseases with intricate pathophysiology. Further studies are needed to determine whether when applied after sepsis onset, the NCs still improve outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sharona Elgavish
- Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE Computation Center, The Hebrew University and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shashi Gandhi
- The Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE Computation Center, The Hebrew University and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hadar Benyamini
- Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE Computation Center, The Hebrew University and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Arieh Eden
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
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Granit RZ, Masury H, Condiotti R, Fixler Y, Gabai Y, Glikman T, Dalin S, Winter E, Nevo Y, Carmon E, Sella T, Sonnenblick A, Peretz T, Lehmann U, Paz K, Piccioni F, Regev A, Root DE, Ben-Porath I. Regulation of Cellular Heterogeneity and Rates of Symmetric and Asymmetric Divisions in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cell Rep 2019; 24:3237-3250. [PMID: 30232005 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Differentiation events contribute to phenotypic cellular heterogeneity within tumors and influence disease progression and response to therapy. Here, we dissect mechanisms controlling intratumoral heterogeneity within triple-negative basal-like breast cancers. Tumor cells expressing the cytokeratin K14 possess a differentiation state that is associated with that of normal luminal progenitors, and K14-negative cells are in a state closer to that of mature luminal cells. We show that cells can transition between these states through asymmetric divisions, which produce one K14+ and one K14- daughter cell, and that these asymmetric divisions contribute to the generation of cellular heterogeneity. We identified several regulators that control the proportion of K14+ cells in the population. EZH2 and Notch increase the numbers of K14+ cells and their rates of symmetric divisions, and FOXA1 has an opposing effect. Our findings demonstrate that asymmetric divisions generate differentiation transitions and heterogeneity, and identify pathways that control breast cancer cellular composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Z Granit
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Hadas Masury
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Reba Condiotti
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Yaakov Fixler
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Yael Gabai
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Tzofia Glikman
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Simona Dalin
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Eitan Winter
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE Computation Center at The Hebrew University and Hadassah, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE Computation Center at The Hebrew University and Hadassah, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Einat Carmon
- Department of Surgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Tamar Sella
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Amir Sonnenblick
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Tamar Peretz
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Ulrich Lehmann
- Institute of Pathology, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Keren Paz
- Champions Oncology, Inc., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | | | - Aviv Regev
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute and David H. Koch Institute of Integrative Cancer Biology, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - David E Root
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Ittai Ben-Porath
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
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29
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Guglieri M, Clemens P, Haberlova J, Horrocks I, Selby K, Webster R, Smith E, Straub V, McMillan H, Yang M, Harper A, Tulinius M, Mah J, Childs A, Finkel R, Nevo Y, McDonald C, Morgenroth L, Bendixon R, Hoffman E. P.336Vision DMD: a phase IIb randomized, double-blind, parallel group, placebo- and active-controlled study to assess the efficacy and safety of vamorolone in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Neuromuscul Disord 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2019.06.450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Clemens P, Mengle-Gaw L, Smith E, Castro D, Mah J, McDonald C, Kuntz N, Finkel R, Guglieri M, Tulinius M, Nevo Y, Ryan M, Webster R, Morgenroth L, Siener C, Shale P, Nagaraju K, Gordish-Dressman H, Damsker J, Hoffman E. P.338Vamorolone trial in Duchenne muscular dystrophy shows dose-related improvement of muscle function. Neuromuscul Disord 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2019.06.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Siam A, Baker M, Amit L, Regev G, Rabner A, Najar RA, Bentata M, Dahan S, Cohen K, Araten S, Nevo Y, Kay G, Mandel-Gutfreund Y, Salton M. Regulation of alternative splicing by p300-mediated acetylation of splicing factors. RNA 2019; 25:813-824. [PMID: 30988101 PMCID: PMC6573785 DOI: 10.1261/rna.069856.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Splicing of precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) is an important regulatory step in gene expression. Recent evidence points to a regulatory role of chromatin-related proteins in alternative splicing regulation. Using an unbiased approach, we have identified the acetyltransferase p300 as a key chromatin-related regulator of alternative splicing. p300 promotes genome-wide exon inclusion in both a transcription-dependent and -independent manner. Using CD44 as a paradigm, we found that p300 regulates alternative splicing by modulating the binding of splicing factors to pre-mRNA. Using a tethering strategy, we found that binding of p300 to the CD44 promoter region promotes CD44v exon inclusion independently of RNAPII transcriptional elongation rate. Promoter-bound p300 regulates alternative splicing by acetylating splicing factors, leading to exclusion of hnRNP M from CD44 pre-mRNA and activation of Sam68. p300-mediated CD44 alternative splicing reduces cell motility and promotes epithelial features. Our findings reveal a chromatin-related mechanism of alternative splicing regulation and demonstrate its impact on cellular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Siam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Mai Baker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Leah Amit
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Gal Regev
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Alona Rabner
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Rauf Ahmad Najar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Mercedes Bentata
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Sara Dahan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Klil Cohen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Sarah Araten
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Gillian Kay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | | | - Maayan Salton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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Ben Shalom T, Nevo Y, Leibler D, Shtein Z, Azerraf C, Lapidot S, Shoseyov O. Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNCs) Induced Crystallization of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Super Performing Nanocomposite Films. Macromol Biosci 2019; 19:e1800347. [PMID: 30672646 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This study is aimed to explore the properties of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films with and without 1,2,3,4-butane tetracarboxylic acid (BTCA), a nontoxic crosslinker. CNC and CNC-PVA nanocomposite films are prepared using solution-casting technique. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses show that crosslinking increased the glass transition temperature but reduced the melting temperature and crystallinity. Furthermore, high CNC concentrations in the PVA matrix interfere with PVA crystallinity, whereas in specific ratio between CNC and PVA, two different crystalline structures are observed within the PVA matrix. Film surfaces and fracture topographies characterized using scanning electron microscope indicate that at certain CNC-PVA ratios, micron-sized needle-like crystals have formed. These crystalline structures correlate with the remarkable improvement in mechanical properties of the CNC-PVA nanocomposite films, that is, enhanced tensile strain and toughness to 570% and 202 MJ m-3 , respectively, as compared to pristine PVA. BTCA enhances the tensile strain, ultimate tensile stress, toughness, and modulus of CNC films compared to pristine CNC films. Water absorption of crosslinked CNC and CNC-PVA nanocomposite films is significantly reduced, while film transparency is significantly improved as a function of PVA and crosslinker content. The presented results indicate that CNC-PVA nanocomposite films may find applications in packaging, and though materials applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Ben Shalom
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Center for Nano Science and Nano Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | | | | | - Zvi Shtein
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Center for Nano Science and Nano Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | | | | | - Oded Shoseyov
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Center for Nano Science and Nano Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
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McDonald CM, Gordish-Dressman H, Henricson EK, Duong T, Joyce NC, Jhawar S, Leinonen M, Hsu F, Connolly AM, Cnaan A, Abresch RT, Dubrovsky A, Kornberg A, Ryan M, Webster R, Biggar W, McAdam L, Mah J, Kolski H, Vishwanathan V, Chidambaranathan S, Nevo Y, Gorni K, Carlo J, Tulinius M, Lotze T, Bertorini T, Day J, Karachunski P, Clemens P, Abdel-Hamid H, Teasley J, Kuntz N, Driscoll S, Bodensteiner J, Connolly A, Pestronk A, Abresch R, Henricson E, Joyce N, McDonald C, Cnaan A, Morgenroth L, Leshner R, Tesi-Rocha C, Thangarajh M, Duong T. Longitudinal pulmonary function testing outcome measures in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Long-term natural history with and without glucocorticoids. Neuromuscul Disord 2018; 28:897-909. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Malcov-Brog H, Alpert A, Golan T, Parikh S, Nordlinger A, Netti F, Sheinboim D, Dror I, Thomas L, Cosson C, Gonen P, Stanevsky Y, Brenner R, Perluk T, Frand J, Elgavish S, Nevo Y, Rahat D, Tabach Y, Khaled M, Shen-Orr SS, Levy C. UV-Protection Timer Controls Linkage between Stress and Pigmentation Skin Protection Systems. Mol Cell 2018; 72:444-456.e7. [PMID: 30401431 PMCID: PMC6224604 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Skin sun exposure induces two protection programs: stress responses and pigmentation, the former within minutes and the latter only hours afterward. Although serving the same physiological purpose, it is not known whether and how these programs are coordinated. Here, we report that UVB exposure every other day induces significantly more skin pigmentation than the higher frequency of daily exposure, without an associated increase in stress responses. Using mathematical modeling and empirical studies, we show that the melanocyte master regulator, MITF, serves to synchronize stress responses and pigmentation and, furthermore, functions as a UV-protection timer via damped oscillatory dynamics, thereby conferring a trade-off between the two programs. MITF oscillations are controlled by multiple negative regulatory loops, one at the transcriptional level involving HIF1α and another post-transcriptional loop involving microRNA-148a. These findings support trait linkage between the two skin protection programs, which, we speculate, arose during furless skin evolution to minimize skin damage. UV exposure frequency reveals a trade-off between skin protection programs MITF dynamics synchronize skin stress responses and pigmentation MITF serves as a UV-protection timer Two negative regulatory loops involving miR-148a and HIF1α underlie MITF dynamics
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagar Malcov-Brog
- Department of Human Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Ayelet Alpert
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Tamar Golan
- Department of Human Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Shivang Parikh
- Department of Human Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Alice Nordlinger
- INSERM U1186, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Francesca Netti
- Department of Human Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Danna Sheinboim
- Department of Human Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Iris Dror
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Laetitia Thomas
- INSERM U1186, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Camille Cosson
- INSERM U1186, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Pinchas Gonen
- Department of Human Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | | | | | | | - Jacob Frand
- E. Wolfson Medical Center, Holon 58100, Israel
| | - Sharona Elgavish
- Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE Computation Center, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE Computation Center, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Dolev Rahat
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Hadassah Medical School, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Yuval Tabach
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Hadassah Medical School, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Mehdi Khaled
- INSERM U1186, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif 94805, France.
| | - Shai S Shen-Orr
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel.
| | - Carmit Levy
- Department of Human Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
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Konikov-Rozenman J, Yanay N, Rabie M, Nevo Y. DMD TREATMENT: ANIMAL MODELS. Neuromuscul Disord 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2018.06.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Roitenberg N, Bejerano-Sagie M, Boocholez H, Moll L, Marques FC, Golodetzki L, Nevo Y, Elami T, Cohen E. Modulation of caveolae by insulin/IGF-1 signaling regulates aging of Caenorhabditis elegans. EMBO Rep 2018; 19:embr.201745673. [PMID: 29945933 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201745673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Reducing insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) extends lifespan, promotes protein homeostasis (proteostasis), and elevates stress resistance of worms, flies, and mammals. How these functions are orchestrated across the organism is only partially understood. Here, we report that in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, the IIS positively regulates the expression of caveolin-1 (cav-1), a gene which is primarily expressed in neurons of the adult worm and underlies the formation of caveolae, a subtype of lipid microdomains that serve as platforms for signaling complexes. Accordingly, IIS reduction lowers cav-1 expression and lessens the quantity of neuronal caveolae. Reduced cav-1 expression extends lifespan and mitigates toxic protein aggregation by modulating the expression of aging-regulating and signaling-promoting genes. Our findings define caveolae as aging-governing signaling centers and underscore the potential for cav-1 as a novel therapeutic target for the promotion of healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Roitenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel - Canada, The Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michal Bejerano-Sagie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel - Canada, The Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hana Boocholez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel - Canada, The Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lorna Moll
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel - Canada, The Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Filipa Carvalhal Marques
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel - Canada, The Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ludmila Golodetzki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel - Canada, The Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Computation Center, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tayir Elami
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel - Canada, The Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ehud Cohen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel - Canada, The Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
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Yanay N, Elbaz M, Konikov J, Elgavish S, Rabie M, Mitrani-Rosenbaum S, Nevo Y. Characterization of molecular pathophysiology in muscular dystrophy by next generation RNA sequencing using DMD and CMD mouse models. Neuromuscul Disord 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.06.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Aharoni S, Nevo Y, Orenstein N, Basel-Vanagaite L, Mussaffi H, Singer A. The impact of the national population carrier screening program on reducing birth rates of patients with spinal muscular atrophy. Neuromuscul Disord 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.06.554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Malakar P, Shilo A, Mogilevsky A, Stein I, Pikarsky E, Nevo Y, Benyamini H, Elgavish S, Zong X, Prasanth KV, Karni R. Long Noncoding RNA MALAT1 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development by SRSF1 Upregulation and mTOR Activation. Cancer Res 2016; 77:1155-1167. [PMID: 27993818 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-1508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Several long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) are abrogated in cancer but their precise contributions to oncogenesis are still emerging. Here we report that the lncRNA MALAT1 is upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma and acts as a proto-oncogene through Wnt pathway activation and induction of the oncogenic splicing factor SRSF1. Induction of SRSF1 by MALAT1 modulates SRSF1 splicing targets, enhancing the production of antiapoptotic splicing isoforms and activating the mTOR pathway by modulating the alternative splicing of S6K1. Inhibition of SRSF1 expression or mTOR activity abolishes the oncogenic properties of MALAT1, suggesting that SRSF1 induction and mTOR activation are essential for MALAT1-induced transformation. Our results reveal a mechanism by which lncRNA MALAT1 acts as a proto-oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma, modulating oncogenic alternative splicing through SRSF1 upregulation. Cancer Res; 77(5); 1155-67. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushkar Malakar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Ein Karem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Asaf Shilo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Ein Karem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Adi Mogilevsky
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Ein Karem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ilan Stein
- Department of Immunology and Cancer Research, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Ein Karem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eli Pikarsky
- Department of Immunology and Cancer Research, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Ein Karem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Bioinformatics unit, the Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Ein Karem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hadar Benyamini
- Bioinformatics unit, the Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Ein Karem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sharona Elgavish
- Bioinformatics unit, the Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Ein Karem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Xinying Zong
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Kannanganattu V Prasanth
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Rotem Karni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Ein Karem, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Abraham E, Kam D, Nevo Y, Slattegard R, Rivkin A, Lapidot S, Shoseyov O. Highly Modified Cellulose Nanocrystals and Formation of Epoxy-Nanocrystalline Cellulose (CNC) Nanocomposites. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:28086-28095. [PMID: 27704756 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b09852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This work presents an environmentally friendly, iodine-catalyzed chemical modification method to generate highly hydrophobic, optically active nanocrystalline cellulose (CNC). The high degree of ester substitution (DS = 2.18), hydrophobicity, crystalline behavior, and optical activity of the generated acetylated CNC (Ac-CNC) were quantified by TEM, FTIR, solid 13C NMR, contact angle, XRD, and POM analyses. Ac-CNC possesses substantial enhancement in thermal stability (16.8%) and forms thin films with an interlayer distance of 50-150 nm, presenting cavities suitable for entrapping nano- and microparticles. Generated Ac-CNC proved to be an effective reinforcing agent in hydrophobic polymer matrices for fabricating high performance nanocomposites. When integrated at a very low weight percentage (0.5%) in an epoxy matrix, Ac-CNC provided for a 73% increase in tensile strength and a 98% increase in modulus, demonstrating its remarkable reinforcing potential and effective stress transfer behavior. The method of modification and the unique properties of the modified CNC (hydrophobicity, crystallinity, reinforcing ability, and optical activity) render them a novel bionanomaterial for a range of multipurpose applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eldho Abraham
- R.H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics and The Harvey M. Krueger Family Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Doron Kam
- R.H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics and The Harvey M. Krueger Family Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- R.H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics and The Harvey M. Krueger Family Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Rikard Slattegard
- Melodea Ltd, Faculty of Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Amit Rivkin
- R.H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics and The Harvey M. Krueger Family Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Shaul Lapidot
- Melodea Ltd, Faculty of Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Oded Shoseyov
- R.H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics and The Harvey M. Krueger Family Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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Yanay N, Turgeman K, Elbaz M, Issa B, Rabie M, Barenholz Y, Nevo Y. Improved efficacy and reduced osteoporosis following methylprednisolone – Nano liposomes treatment in mdx mice. Neuromuscul Disord 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2016.06.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Klochendler A, Caspi I, Corem N, Moran M, Friedlich O, Elgavish S, Nevo Y, Helman A, Glaser B, Eden A, Itzkovitz S, Dor Y. The Genetic Program of Pancreatic β-Cell Replication In Vivo. Diabetes 2016; 65:2081-93. [PMID: 26993067 PMCID: PMC4915587 DOI: 10.2337/db16-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The molecular program underlying infrequent replication of pancreatic β-cells remains largely inaccessible. Using transgenic mice expressing green fluorescent protein in cycling cells, we sorted live, replicating β-cells and determined their transcriptome. Replicating β-cells upregulate hundreds of proliferation-related genes, along with many novel putative cell cycle components. Strikingly, genes involved in β-cell functions, namely, glucose sensing and insulin secretion, were repressed. Further studies using single-molecule RNA in situ hybridization revealed that in fact, replicating β-cells double the amount of RNA for most genes, but this upregulation excludes genes involved in β-cell function. These data suggest that the quiescence-proliferation transition involves global amplification of gene expression, except for a subset of tissue-specific genes, which are "left behind" and whose relative mRNA amount decreases. Our work provides a unique resource for the study of replicating β-cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Klochendler
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Inbal Caspi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noa Corem
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Maya Moran
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Oriel Friedlich
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sharona Elgavish
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE Computation Center, and Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE Computation Center, and Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Aharon Helman
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Benjamin Glaser
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Service, Department of Internal Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Amir Eden
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shalev Itzkovitz
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yuval Dor
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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Helman A, Klochendler A, Azazmeh N, Gabai Y, Horwitz E, Anzi S, Swisa A, Condiotti R, Granit RZ, Nevo Y, Fixler Y, Shreibman D, Zamir A, Tornovsky-Babeay S, Dai C, Glaser B, Powers AC, Shapiro AMJ, Magnuson MA, Dor Y, Ben-Porath I. p16(Ink4a)-induced senescence of pancreatic beta cells enhances insulin secretion. Nat Med 2016; 22:412-20. [PMID: 26950362 DOI: 10.1038/nm.4054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is thought to contribute to age-associated deterioration of tissue physiology. The senescence effector p16(Ink4a) is expressed in pancreatic beta cells during aging and limits their proliferative potential; however, its effects on beta cell function are poorly characterized. We found that beta cell-specific activation of p16(Ink4a) in transgenic mice enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). In mice with diabetes, this leads to improved glucose homeostasis, providing an unexpected functional benefit. Expression of p16(Ink4a) in beta cells induces hallmarks of senescence--including cell enlargement, and greater glucose uptake and mitochondrial activity--which promote increased insulin secretion. GSIS increases during the normal aging of mice and is driven by elevated p16(Ink4a) activity. We found that islets from human adults contain p16(Ink4a)-expressing senescent beta cells and that senescence induced by p16(Ink4a) in a human beta cell line increases insulin secretion in a manner dependent, in part, on the activity of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ proteins. Our findings reveal a novel role for p16(Ink4a) and cellular senescence in promoting insulin secretion by beta cells and in regulating normal functional tissue maturation with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aharon Helman
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Agnes Klochendler
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Narmen Azazmeh
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yael Gabai
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Elad Horwitz
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shira Anzi
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Avital Swisa
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Reba Condiotti
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Roy Z Granit
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Computation Center, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yaakov Fixler
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dorin Shreibman
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Amit Zamir
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sharona Tornovsky-Babeay
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Service, Department of Internal Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Chunhua Dai
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Benjamin Glaser
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Service, Department of Internal Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Alvin C Powers
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Veteran Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - A M James Shapiro
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Clinical Islet Transplant Program, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mark A Magnuson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Yuval Dor
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ittai Ben-Porath
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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44
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Abitbol T, Rivkin A, Cao Y, Nevo Y, Abraham E, Ben-Shalom T, Lapidot S, Shoseyov O. Nanocellulose, a tiny fiber with huge applications. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2016; 39:76-88. [PMID: 26930621 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Revised: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nanocellulose is of increasing interest for a range of applications relevant to the fields of material science and biomedical engineering due to its renewable nature, anisotropic shape, excellent mechanical properties, good biocompatibility, tailorable surface chemistry, and interesting optical properties. We discuss the main areas of nanocellulose research: photonics, films and foams, surface modifications, nanocomposites, and medical devices. These tiny nanocellulose fibers have huge potential in many applications, from flexible optoelectronics to scaffolds for tissue regeneration. We hope to impart the readers with some of the excitement that currently surrounds nanocellulose research, which arises from the green nature of the particles, their fascinating physical and chemical properties, and the diversity of applications that can be impacted by this material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Abitbol
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Amit Rivkin
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yifeng Cao
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Eldho Abraham
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Tal Ben-Shalom
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | | | - Oded Shoseyov
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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45
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Aharoni S, Sadeh M, Sagi L, Rabie M, Daana M, Argov Z, Edvardson S, Shapira Y, Dor T, Bloch A, Engel A, Nevo Y. Congenital myasthenic syndromes in Israel: Genetic and clinical characterization. Neuromuscul Disord 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2015.06.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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46
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Elbaz M, Yanay N, Laban S, Rabie M, Mitrani-Rosenbaum S, Nevo Y. Life or death by NFκB, Losartan promotes survival in dy2J/dy2J mouse of MDC1A. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1690. [PMID: 25766329 PMCID: PMC4385938 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation and fibrosis are well-defined mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of the incurable Laminin α2-deficient congenital muscular dystrophy (MDC1A), while apoptosis mechanism is barely discussed. Our previous study showed treatment with Losartan, an angiotensin II type I receptor antagonist, improved muscle strength and reduced fibrosis through transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling inhibition in the dy2J/dy2J mouse model of MDC1A. Here we show for the first time that Losartan treatment up-regulates and shifts the nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) signaling pathway to favor survival versus apoptosis/damage in this animal model. Losartan treatment was associated with significantly increased serum tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) level, p65 nuclei accumulation, and decreased muscle IκB-β protein level, indicating NFκB activation. Moreover, NFκB anti-apoptotic target genes TNF receptor-associated factor 1 (TRAF1), TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2), cellular inhibitor of apoptosis (cIAP2), and Ferritin heavy chain (FTH1) were increased following Losartan treatment. Losartan induced protein expression toward a pro-survival profile as BCL-2 expression levels were increased and Caspase-3 expression levels were decreased. Muscle apoptosis reduction was further confirmed using terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Thus, along with TGF-β and MAPK signaling, NFκB serves as an important regulatory pathway which following Losartan treatment promotes survival in the dy2J/dy2J mouse model of MDC1A.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Elbaz
- Pediatric Neuromuscular Laboratory and Neuropediatric Unit, Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - N Yanay
- Pediatric Neuromuscular Laboratory and Neuropediatric Unit, Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - S Laban
- Pediatric Neuromuscular Laboratory and Neuropediatric Unit, Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - M Rabie
- Pediatric Neuromuscular Laboratory and Neuropediatric Unit, Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - S Mitrani-Rosenbaum
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Y Nevo
- 1] Pediatric Neuromuscular Laboratory and Neuropediatric Unit, Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel [2] Institute of Neurology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, 14 Kaplan St., Petach Tikva, Israel
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47
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Rivkin A, Abitbol T, Nevo Y, Verker R, Lapidot S, Komarov A, Veldhuis SC, Zilberman G, Reches M, Cranston ED, Shoseyov O. Bionanocomposite Films from Resilin-CBD Bound to Cellulose Nanocrystals. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2015. [DOI: 10.1089/ind.2014.0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Rivkin
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tiffany Abitbol
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Rehovot, Israel
- McMaster University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Yuval Nevo
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ronen Verker
- Soreq NRC, Space Environment Department, Yavne, Israel
| | - Shaul Lapidot
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Anton Komarov
- McMaster University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hamilton, Canada
| | | | - Galit Zilberman
- RD&E Division, Elbit Systems Electro-optics-Elop Ltd., Rehovot, Israel
| | - Meital Reches
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Institute of Chemistry, Givat Ram, Israel
| | - Emily D. Cranston
- McMaster University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Oded Shoseyov
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Rehovot, Israel
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48
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Abstract
Pre-mRNA splicing is essential for the regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes and is fundamental in development and cancer, and involves the selection of a consensus sequence that defines the 5' splice site (5'SS). Human introns harbor multiple sequences that conform to the 5'SS consensus, which are not used under normal growth conditions. Under heat shock conditions, splicing at such intronic latent 5'SSs occurred in thousands of human transcripts, resulting in pre-maturely terminated aberrant proteins. Here we performed a survey of the C. elegans genome, showing that worm's introns contain latent 5'SSs, whose use for splicing would have resulted in pre-maturely terminated mRNAs. Splicing at these latent 5'SSs could not be detected under normal growth conditions, while heat shock activated latent splicing in a number of tested C. elegans transcripts. Two scenarios could account for the lack of latent splicing under normal growth conditions (i) Splicing at latent 5'SSs do occur, but the nonsense mRNAs thus formed are rapidly and efficiently degraded (e.g. by NMD); and (ii) Splicing events at intronic latent 5'SSs are suppressed. Here we support the second scenario, because, nematode smg mutants that are devoid of NMD-essential factors, did not show latent splicing under normal growth conditions. Hence, these experiments together with our previous experiments in mammalian cells, indicate the existence of a nuclear quality control mechanism, termed Suppression Of Splicing (SOS), which discriminates between latent and authentic 5'SSs in an open reading frame dependent manner, and allows splicing only at the latter. Our results show that SOS is an evolutionary conserved mechanism, probably shared by most eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Nevo
- a Department of Genetics; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem ; Jerusalem , Israel
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49
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Nevo Y, Peer N, Yochelis S, Igbaria M, Meirovitch S, Shoseyov O, Paltiel Y. Nano bio optically tunable composite nanocrystalline cellulose films. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra11840e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We utilize nanocellulose and semiconductor nanocrystals to reinforce and functionalize a biodegradable transparent film to create a transparent, strong and optically tunable plastic film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Nevo
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
- Rehovot 7610001
- Israel
| | - N. Peer
- Department of Applied Physics
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
- Jerusalem 9190401
- Israel
| | - S. Yochelis
- Department of Applied Physics
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
- Jerusalem 9190401
- Israel
| | - M. Igbaria
- Valentis Nanotech Ltd
- Industrial Zone, Misgav 2017900
- Israel
| | - S. Meirovitch
- Valentis Nanotech Ltd
- Industrial Zone, Misgav 2017900
- Israel
| | - O. Shoseyov
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
- Rehovot 7610001
- Israel
| | - Y. Paltiel
- Department of Applied Physics
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
- Jerusalem 9190401
- Israel
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50
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Elbaz M, Yanay N, Gelb S, Rabie M, Rosenbaum SM, Nevo Y. P.8.10 Losartan up-regulates NFκB signaling pathway and favors survival versus apoptosis in the dy2J/dy2J mouse model of Congenital Muscular Dystrophy. Neuromuscul Disord 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2013.06.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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