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Jane Vellan C, Islam T, de Silva S, Aishah Mohd Taib N, Prasanna G, Jacqueline Jayapalan J. Exploring novel protein-based biomarkers for advancing breast cancer diagnosis: A review. Clin Biochem 2024:110776. [PMID: 38823558 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2024.110776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
This review provides a contemporary examination of the evolving landscape of breast cancer (BC) diagnosis, focusing on the pivotal role of novel protein-based biomarkers. The overview begins by elucidating the multifaceted nature of BC, exploring its prevalence, subtypes, and clinical complexities. A critical emphasis is placed on the transformative impact of proteomics, dissecting the proteome to unravel the molecular intricacies of BC. Navigating through various sources of samples crucial for biomarker investigations, the review underscores the significance of robust sample processing methods and their validation in ensuring reliable outcomes. The central theme of the review revolves around the identification and evaluation of novel protein-based biomarkers. Cutting-edge discoveries are summarised, shedding light on emerging biomarkers poised for clinical application. Nevertheless, the review candidly addresses the challenges inherent in biomarker discovery, including issues of standardisation, reproducibility, and the complex heterogeneity of BC. The future direction section envisions innovative strategies and technologies to overcome existing challenges. In conclusion, the review summarises the current state of BC biomarker research, offering insights into the intricacies of proteomic investigations. As precision medicine gains momentum, the integration of novel protein-based biomarkers emerges as a promising avenue for enhancing the accuracy and efficacy of BC diagnosis. This review serves as a compass for researchers and clinicians navigating the evolving landscape of BC biomarker discovery, guiding them toward transformative advancements in diagnostic precision and personalised patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Jane Vellan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tania Islam
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sumadhi de Silva
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - Nur Aishah Mohd Taib
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Galhenna Prasanna
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - Jaime Jacqueline Jayapalan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Universiti Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research (UMCPR), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Roopashri AN, Divyashree M, Savitha J. High-sensitivity profiling of glycoproteins from ovarian cancer sera using lectin-affinity and LC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS. CURRENT RESEARCH IN BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crbiot.2023.100122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
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Lee ES, Kim Y, Shin HC, Hwang KT, Min J, Kim MK, Ahn S, Jung SY, Shin H, Chung M, Yoo TK, Jung S, Woo SU, Kim JY, Noh DY, Moon HG. Diagnostic accuracy of a three-protein signature in women with suspicious breast lesions: a multicenter prospective trial. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:20. [PMID: 36788595 PMCID: PMC9930228 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01616-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mammography screening has been proven to detect breast cancer at an early stage and reduce mortality; however, it has low accuracy in young women or women with dense breasts. Blood-based diagnostic tools may overcome the limitations of mammography. This study assessed the diagnostic performance of a three-protein signature in patients with suspicious breast lesions. FINDINGS This trial (MAST; KCT0004847) was a prospective multicenter observational trial. Three-protein signature values were obtained using serum and plasma from women with suspicious lesions for breast malignancy before tumor biopsy. Additionally, blood samples from women who underwent clear or benign mammography were collected for the assays. Among 642 participants, the sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy values of the three-protein signature were 74.4%, 66.9%, and 70.6%, respectively, and the concordance index was 0.698 (95% CI 0.656, 0.739). The diagnostic performance was not affected by the demographic features, clinicopathologic characteristics, and co-morbidities of the participants. CONCLUSIONS The present trial showed an accuracy of 70.6% for the three-protein signature. Considering the value of blood-based biomarkers for the early detection of breast malignancies, further evaluation of this proteomic assay is warranted in larger, population-level trials. This Multi-protein Assessment using Serum to deTermine breast lesion malignancy (MAST) was registered at the Clinical Research Information Service of Korea with the identification number of KCT0004847 ( https://cris.nih.go.kr ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Shin Lee
- grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yumi Kim
- grid.410886.30000 0004 0647 3511Division of Breast Surgery, Cha Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Chul Shin
- grid.412480.b0000 0004 0647 3378Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Hwang
- grid.412479.dDepartment of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junwon Min
- grid.411982.70000 0001 0705 4288Department of Surgery, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyoon Kim
- grid.254224.70000 0001 0789 9563Department of Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - SooKyung Ahn
- grid.256753.00000 0004 0470 5964Department of Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Center, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Youn Jung
- grid.410914.90000 0004 0628 9810Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyukjai Shin
- grid.416355.00000 0004 0475 0976Breast and Thyroid Care Center, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - MinSung Chung
- grid.49606.3d0000 0001 1364 9317Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Kyung Yoo
- grid.411947.e0000 0004 0470 4224Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungpil Jung
- grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Korea University Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Uk Woo
- grid.222754.40000 0001 0840 2678Department of Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Yeon Kim
- grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Department of Surgery, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Young Noh
- grid.410886.30000 0004 0647 3511Division of Breast Surgery, Cha Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.412484.f0000 0001 0302 820XDepartment of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Gon Moon
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Application of Proteogenomics to Urine Analysis towards the Identification of Novel Biomarkers of Prostate Cancer: An Exploratory Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14082001. [PMID: 35454907 PMCID: PMC9031064 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14082001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers. Due to the limited and invasive approaches for PCa diagnosis, it is crucial to identify more accurate and non-invasive biomarkers for its detection. The aim of our study was to non-invasively uncover new protein targets for detecting PCa using a proteomics and proteogenomics approach. This work identified several dysregulated mutant protein isoforms in urine from PCa patients, some of them predicted to have a protective or an adverse role in these patients. These results are promising given urine’s non-invasive nature and offers an auspicious opportunity for research and development of PCa biomarkers. Abstract To identify new protein targets for PCa detection, first, a shotgun discovery experiment was performed to characterize the urinary proteome of PCa patients. This revealed 18 differentially abundant urinary proteins in PCa patients. Second, selected targets were clinically tested by immunoblot, and the soluble E-cadherin fragment was detected for the first time in the urine of PCa patients. Third, the proteogenome landscape of these PCa patients was characterized, revealing 1665 mutant protein isoforms. Statistical analysis revealed 6 differentially abundant mutant protein isoforms in PCa patients. Analysis of the likely effects of mutations on protein function and PPIs involving the dysregulated mutant protein isoforms suggests a protective role of mutations HSPG2*Q1062H and VASN*R161Q and an adverse role of AMBP*A286G and CD55*S162L in PCa patients. This work originally characterized the urinary proteome, focusing on the proteogenome profile of PCa patients, which is usually overlooked in the analysis of PCa and body fluids. Combined analysis of mass spectrometry data using two different software packages was performed for the first time in the context of PCa, which increased the robustness of the data analysis. The application of proteogenomics to urine proteomic analysis can be very enriching in mutation-related diseases such as cancer.
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Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) exists as a dynamic network of biophysical and biochemical factors that maintain tissue homeostasis. Given its sensitivity to changes in the intra- and extracellular space, the plasticity of the ECM can be pathological in driving disease through aberrant matrix remodelling. In particular, cancer uses the matrix for its proliferation, angiogenesis, cellular reprogramming and metastatic spread. An emerging field of matrix biology focuses on proteoglycans that regulate autophagy, an intracellular process that plays both critical and contextual roles in cancer. Here, we review the most prominent autophagic modulators from the matrix and the current understanding of the cellular pathways and signalling cascades that mechanistically drive their autophagic function. We then critically assess how their autophagic functions influence tumorigenesis, emphasizing the complexities and stage-dependent nature of this relationship in cancer. We highlight novel emerging data on immunoglobulin-containing and proline-rich receptor-1, heparanase and thrombospondin 1 in autophagy and cancer. Finally, we further discuss the pro- and anti-autophagic modulators originating from the ECM, as well as how these proteoglycans and other matrix constituents specifically influence cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn G. Chen
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Renato V. Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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Abstract
Biomarkers factor into the diagnosis and treatment of almost every patient with cancer. The innovation in proteomics follows improvement of mass spectrometry techniques and data processing strategy. Recently, proteomics and typical biological studies have been the answer for clinical applications. The clinical proteomics techniques are now actively adapted to protein identification in large patient cohort, biomarker development for more sensitive and specific screening based on quantitative data. And, it is important for clinical, translational researchers to be acutely aware of the issues surrounding appropriate biomarker development, in order to facilitate entry of clinically useful biomarkers into the clinic. Here, we discuss in detail include the case research for clinical proteomics. Furthermore, we give an overview on the current developments and novel findings in proteomics-based cancer biomarker research.
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Chen CG, Iozzo RV. Angiostatic cues from the matrix: Endothelial cell autophagy meets hyaluronan biology. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:16797-16812. [PMID: 33020183 PMCID: PMC7864073 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev120.014391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix encompasses a reservoir of bioactive macromolecules that modulates a cornucopia of biological functions. A prominent body of work posits matrix constituents as master regulators of autophagy and angiogenesis and provides molecular insight into how these two processes are coordinated. Here, we review current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying hyaluronan and HAS2 regulation and the role of soluble proteoglycan in affecting autophagy and angiogenesis. Specifically, we assess the role of proteoglycan-evoked autophagy in regulating angiogenesis via the HAS2-hyaluronan axis and ATG9A, a novel HAS2 binding partner. We discuss extracellular hyaluronan biology and the post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications that regulate its main synthesizer, HAS2. We highlight the emerging group of proteoglycans that utilize outside-in signaling to modulate autophagy and angiogenesis in cancer microenvironments and thoroughly review the most up-to-date understanding of endorepellin signaling in vascular endothelia, providing insight into the temporal complexities involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn G Chen
- Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Oaxaca-Camacho AR, Ochoa-Mojica OR, Aguilar-Lemarroy A, Jave-Suárez LF, Muñoz-Valle JF, Padilla-Camberos E, Núñez-Hernández JA, Herrera-Rodríguez SE, Martínez-Velázquez M, Carranza-Aranda AS, Cruz-Ramos JA, Gutiérrez-Ortega A, Hernández-Gutiérrez R. Serum Analysis of Women with Early-Stage Breast Cancer Using a Mini-Array of Tumor-Associated Antigens. BIOSENSORS 2020; 10:bios10100149. [PMID: 33096879 PMCID: PMC7590061 DOI: 10.3390/bios10100149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Background: Several studies have shown that patients with cancer have antibodies in serum that react with cellular autoantigens, known as Tumor-Associated Antigens (TAA). The present work aimed to determine whether a mini-array comprising four recombinant TAA increases the detection of specific serum antibodies for the diagnosis of early-stage breast cancer. Methods: The mini-array included Alpha 1-AntiTrypsin (A1AT), TriosePhosphate Isomerase 1 (TPI1), Peptidyl-Prolyl cis-trans Isomerase A (PPIA), and PeroxiReDoXin 2 (PRDX2) full-length recombinant proteins. The proteins were produced after gene cloning, expression, and purification, and were verified by Western blot assays. Then, Dot-Blot was performed to find antibodies against the four TAA in 12 sera from women with early-stage breast cancer (stage II) and 12 sera from healthy women. Results: Antibody detection against individual TAA in early-stage breast cancer sera ranged from 58.3% to 83.3%. However, evaluation of the four TAA showed that there was a positive antibody reaction reaching a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 85% in early-stage breast cancer, suggesting that this mini-array must be evaluated as a clinical diagnostic tool for early-stage breast cancer in a larger sample size. Conclusion: Our results suggest that TAA mini-arrays may provide a promising and powerful method for improving the detection of breast cancer in Mexican women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Rosa Oaxaca-Camacho
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C. (CIATEJ), 44270 Guadalajara, Mexico; (A.R.O.-C.); (O.R.O.-M.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.N.-H.); (S.E.H.-R.); (M.M.-V.); (A.G.-O.)
| | - Oscar René Ochoa-Mojica
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C. (CIATEJ), 44270 Guadalajara, Mexico; (A.R.O.-C.); (O.R.O.-M.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.N.-H.); (S.E.H.-R.); (M.M.-V.); (A.G.-O.)
| | - Adriana Aguilar-Lemarroy
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), División de Inmunología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), 44340 Guadalajara, Mexico; (A.A.-L.); (L.F.J.-S.)
| | - Luis F. Jave-Suárez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), División de Inmunología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), 44340 Guadalajara, Mexico; (A.A.-L.); (L.F.J.-S.)
| | - José Francisco Muñoz-Valle
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340 Guadalajara, Mexico; (J.F.M.-V.); (A.S.C.-A.); (J.A.C.-R.)
| | - Eduardo Padilla-Camberos
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C. (CIATEJ), 44270 Guadalajara, Mexico; (A.R.O.-C.); (O.R.O.-M.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.N.-H.); (S.E.H.-R.); (M.M.-V.); (A.G.-O.)
| | - Juan Antonio Núñez-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C. (CIATEJ), 44270 Guadalajara, Mexico; (A.R.O.-C.); (O.R.O.-M.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.N.-H.); (S.E.H.-R.); (M.M.-V.); (A.G.-O.)
| | - Sara E. Herrera-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C. (CIATEJ), 44270 Guadalajara, Mexico; (A.R.O.-C.); (O.R.O.-M.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.N.-H.); (S.E.H.-R.); (M.M.-V.); (A.G.-O.)
| | - Moisés Martínez-Velázquez
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C. (CIATEJ), 44270 Guadalajara, Mexico; (A.R.O.-C.); (O.R.O.-M.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.N.-H.); (S.E.H.-R.); (M.M.-V.); (A.G.-O.)
| | - Ahtziri Socorro Carranza-Aranda
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340 Guadalajara, Mexico; (J.F.M.-V.); (A.S.C.-A.); (J.A.C.-R.)
| | - José Alfonso Cruz-Ramos
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340 Guadalajara, Mexico; (J.F.M.-V.); (A.S.C.-A.); (J.A.C.-R.)
- Instituto Jalisciense de Cancerología (IJC), Departamento de Enseñanza, Capacitación e Investigación, 44280 Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Abel Gutiérrez-Ortega
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C. (CIATEJ), 44270 Guadalajara, Mexico; (A.R.O.-C.); (O.R.O.-M.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.N.-H.); (S.E.H.-R.); (M.M.-V.); (A.G.-O.)
| | - Rodolfo Hernández-Gutiérrez
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C. (CIATEJ), 44270 Guadalajara, Mexico; (A.R.O.-C.); (O.R.O.-M.); (E.P.-C.); (J.A.N.-H.); (S.E.H.-R.); (M.M.-V.); (A.G.-O.)
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Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycan Signaling in Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186588. [PMID: 32916872 PMCID: PMC7554799 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans (HSPGs) have been an intriguing subject of study for their complex structural characteristics, their finely regulated biosynthetic machinery, and the wide range of functions they perform in living organisms from development to adulthood. From these studies, key roles of HSPGs in tumor initiation and progression have emerged, so that they are currently being explored as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancers. The multifaceted nature of HSPG structure/activity translates in their capacity to act either as inhibitors or promoters of tumor growth and invasion depending on the tumor type. Deregulation of HSPGs resulting in malignancy may be due to either their abnormal expression levels or changes in their structure and functions as a result of the altered activity of their biosynthetic or remodeling enzymes. Indeed, in the tumor microenvironment, HSPGs undergo structural alterations, through the shedding of proteoglycan ectodomain from the cell surface or the fragmentation and/or desulfation of HS chains, affecting HSPG function with significant impact on the molecular interactions between cancer cells and their microenvironment, and tumor cell behavior. Here, we overview the structural and functional features of HSPGs and their signaling in the tumor environment which contributes to tumorigenesis and cancer progression.
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Brassart-Pasco S, Brézillon S, Brassart B, Ramont L, Oudart JB, Monboisse JC. Tumor Microenvironment: Extracellular Matrix Alterations Influence Tumor Progression. Front Oncol 2020; 10:397. [PMID: 32351878 PMCID: PMC7174611 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is composed of various cell types embedded in an altered extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM not only serves as a support for tumor cell but also regulates cell-cell or cell-matrix cross-talks. Alterations in ECM may be induced by hypoxia and acidosis, by oxygen free radicals generated by infiltrating inflammatory cells or by tumor- or stromal cell-secreted proteases. A poorer diagnosis for patients is often associated with ECM alterations. Tumor ECM proteome, also named cancer matrisome, is strongly altered, and different ECM protein signatures may be defined to serve as prognostic biomarkers. Collagen network reorganization facilitates tumor cell invasion. Proteoglycan expression and location are modified in the TME and affect cell invasion and metastatic dissemination. ECM macromolecule degradation by proteases may induce the release of angiogenic growth factors but also the release of proteoglycan-derived or ECM protein fragments, named matrikines or matricryptins. This review will focus on current knowledge and new insights in ECM alterations, degradation, and reticulation through cross-linking enzymes and on the role of ECM fragments in the control of cancer progression and their potential use as biomarkers in cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Brassart-Pasco
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Reims, France
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire - MEDyC, Reims, France
| | - Stéphane Brézillon
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Reims, France
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire - MEDyC, Reims, France
| | - Bertrand Brassart
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Reims, France
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire - MEDyC, Reims, France
| | - Laurent Ramont
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Reims, France
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire - MEDyC, Reims, France
- CHU Reims, Service Biochimie-Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Reims, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Oudart
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Reims, France
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire - MEDyC, Reims, France
- CHU Reims, Service Biochimie-Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Reims, France
| | - Jean Claude Monboisse
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Reims, France
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire - MEDyC, Reims, France
- CHU Reims, Service Biochimie-Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Reims, France
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Extracellular matrix: the gatekeeper of tumor angiogenesis. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 47:1543-1555. [PMID: 31652436 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix is a network of secreted macromolecules that provides a harmonious meshwork for the growth and homeostatic development of organisms. It conveys multiple signaling cascades affecting specific surface receptors that impact cell behavior. During cancer growth, this bioactive meshwork is remodeled and enriched in newly formed blood vessels, which provide nutrients and oxygen to the growing tumor cells. Remodeling of the tumor microenvironment leads to the formation of bioactive fragments that may have a distinct function from their parent molecules, and the balance among these factors directly influence cell viability and metastatic progression. Indeed, the matrix acts as a gatekeeper by regulating the access of cancer cells to nutrients. Here, we will critically evaluate the role of selected matrix constituents in regulating tumor angiogenesis and provide up-to-date information concerning their primary mechanisms of action.
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12
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Elgundi Z, Papanicolaou M, Major G, Cox TR, Melrose J, Whitelock JM, Farrugia BL. Cancer Metastasis: The Role of the Extracellular Matrix and the Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycan Perlecan. Front Oncol 2020; 9:1482. [PMID: 32010611 PMCID: PMC6978720 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the dissemination of tumor cells to new sites, resulting in the formation of secondary tumors. This process is complex and is spatially and temporally regulated by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. One important extrinsic factor is the extracellular matrix, the non-cellular component of tissues. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are constituents of the extracellular matrix, and through their heparan sulfate chains and protein core, modulate multiple events that occur during the metastatic cascade. This review will provide an overview of the role of the extracellular matrix in the events that occur during cancer metastasis, primarily focusing on perlecan. Perlecan, a basement membrane HSPG is a key component of the vascular extracellular matrix and is commonly associated with events that occur during the metastatic cascade. Its contradictory role in these events will be discussed and we will highlight the recent advances in cancer therapies that target HSPGs and their modifying enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehra Elgundi
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Papanicolaou
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gretel Major
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas R Cox
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - James Melrose
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratories, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - John M Whitelock
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Brooke L Farrugia
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Melbourne School of Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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13
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Orlando E, Aebersold R. On the contribution of mass spectrometry-based platforms to the field of personalized oncology. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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14
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Xu L, Tang L, Zhang L. Proteoglycans as miscommunication biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2019; 162:59-92. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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15
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Núñez C. Blood-based protein biomarkers in breast cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 490:113-127. [PMID: 30597138 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BCa) is a significant healthcare problem on women worldwide. Thus, early detection is very important to reduce mortality. Furthermore, better BCa prognosis could improve selection of patients eligible for adjuvant therapy. New markers for early diagnosis, accurate prognosis and prediction of response to treatment are necessary to improve BCa care. The present review summarizes important aspects of the potential usefulness of modern technologies, strategies, and scientific findings in proteomic research for discovery of breast cancer-associated blood-based protein biomarkers in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Núñez
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti (HULA), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), 27002 Lugo, Spain.
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16
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Karamanos NK, Piperigkou Z, Theocharis AD, Watanabe H, Franchi M, Baud S, Brézillon S, Götte M, Passi A, Vigetti D, Ricard-Blum S, Sanderson RD, Neill T, Iozzo RV. Proteoglycan Chemical Diversity Drives Multifunctional Cell Regulation and Therapeutics. Chem Rev 2018; 118:9152-9232. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikos K. Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras 26110, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH)/Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Patras 26110, Greece
| | - Zoi Piperigkou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras 26110, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH)/Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Patras 26110, Greece
| | - Achilleas D. Theocharis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras 26110, Greece
| | - Hideto Watanabe
- Institute for Molecular Science of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Aichi 480-1195, Japan
| | - Marco Franchi
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Rimini 47100, Italy
| | - Stéphanie Baud
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Laboratoire SiRMa, CNRS UMR MEDyC 7369, Faculté de Médecine, 51 rue Cognacq Jay, Reims 51100, France
| | - Stéphane Brézillon
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR MEDyC 7369, Faculté de Médecine, 51 rue Cognacq Jay, Reims 51100, France
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Alberto Passi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese 21100, Italy
| | - Davide Vigetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese 21100, Italy
| | - Sylvie Ricard-Blum
- University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5246, Institute of Molecular and Supramolecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Villeurbanne 69622, France
| | - Ralph D. Sanderson
- Department of Pathology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Thomas Neill
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 10107, United States
| | - Renato V. Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 10107, United States
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17
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Neill T, Andreuzzi E, Wang ZX, Peiper SC, Mongiat M, Iozzo RV. Endorepellin remodels the endothelial transcriptome toward a pro-autophagic and pro-mitophagic gene signature. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:12137-12148. [PMID: 29921586 PMCID: PMC6078466 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.002934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of autophagy by proteolytically cleaved fragments of heparan sulfate proteoglycans is a novel and current research focus in tumor biology. Endorepellin is the C-terminal angiostatic fragment of the heparan sulfate proteoglycan perlecan and induces autophagy in endothelial cells. To further investigate this property, we used NanoString, a digital PCR platform for measuring pre-defined transcripts in biological samples to analyze a custom subset of 95 autophagy-related genes in human umbilical vein endothelial cells treated with ultrapure human recombinant endorepellin. We discovered an endorepellin-evoked pro-autophagic and pro-mitophagic gene expression signatures, which included two coordinately up-regulated mitochondrial-associated genes encoding the E3 ubiquitin protein ligase Parkin and the tumor suppressor mitostatin. Induction of both proteins required the tyrosine kinase activity of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2). Furthermore, we discovered that endorepellin evoked mitochondrial depolarization in endothelial cells via a specific interaction between its two proximal LG1/2 domains and VEGFR2. We also found that following loss of membrane potential, mitostatin and parkin interact and that mitostatin associates with the established Parkin receptor mitofusin-2. In conclusion, we have identified a critical role for endorepellin in remodeling the autophagic transcriptome and influencing mitochondrial homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Neill
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Eva Andreuzzi
- Department of Translational Research, Experimental Oncology Division 2, CRO Aviano-IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano 33081, Italy
| | - Zi-Xuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Stephen C Peiper
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Maurizo Mongiat
- Department of Translational Research, Experimental Oncology Division 2, CRO Aviano-IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano 33081, Italy
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107.
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18
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Jafari SH, Saadatpour Z, Salmaninejad A, Momeni F, Mokhtari M, Nahand JS, Rahmati M, Mirzaei H, Kianmehr M. Breast cancer diagnosis: Imaging techniques and biochemical markers. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:5200-5213. [PMID: 29219189 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a complex disease which is found as the second cause of cancer-associated death among women. Accumulating of evidence indicated that various factors (i.e., gentical and envirmental factors) could be associated with initiation and progression of breast cancer. Diagnosis of breast cancer patients in early stages is one of important aspects of breast cancer treatment. Among of various diagnosis platforms, imaging techniques are main diagnosis approaches which could provide valuable data on patients with breast cancer. It has been showed that various imaging techniques such as mammography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron-emission tomography (PET), Computed tomography (CT), and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) could be used for diagnosis and monitoring patients with breast cancer in various stages. Beside, imaging techniques, utilization of biochemical biomarkers such as proteins, DNAs, mRNAs, and microRNAs could be employed as new diagnosis and therapeutic tools for patients with breast cancer. Here, we summarized various imaging techniques and biochemical biomarkers could be utilized as diagnosis of patients with breast cancer. Moreover, we highlighted microRNAs and exosomes as new diagnosis and therapeutic biomarkers for monitoring patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hamed Jafari
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Saadatpour
- Radiology Specialist at Bozorgmehr Imaging Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Arash Salmaninejad
- Drug Applied Research Center, Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Momeni
- General Practitioner, Medical Researcher, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mojgan Mokhtari
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Javid Sadri Nahand
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Rahmati
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Kianmehr
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
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19
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Theocharis AD, Karamanos NK. Proteoglycans remodeling in cancer: Underlying molecular mechanisms. Matrix Biol 2017; 75-76:220-259. [PMID: 29128506 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix is a highly dynamic macromolecular network. Proteoglycans are major components of extracellular matrix playing key roles in its structural organization and cell signaling contributing to the control of numerous normal and pathological processes. As multifunctional molecules, proteoglycans participate in various cell functions during morphogenesis, wound healing, inflammation and tumorigenesis. Their interactions with matrix effectors, cell surface receptors and enzymes enable them with unique properties. In malignancy, extensive remodeling of tumor stroma is associated with marked alterations in proteoglycans' expression and structural variability. Proteoglycans exert diverse functions in tumor stroma in a cell-specific and context-specific manner and they mainly contribute to the formation of a permissive provisional matrix for tumor growth affecting tissue organization, cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions and tumor cell signaling. Proteoglycans also modulate cancer cell phenotype and properties, the development of drug resistance and tumor stroma angiogenesis. This review summarizes the proteoglycans remodeling and their novel biological roles in malignancies with particular emphasis to the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achilleas D Theocharis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiochemistry Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece.
| | - Nikos K Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiochemistry Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece.
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20
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Rnjak-Kovacina J, Tang F, Lin X, Whitelock JM, Lord MS. Recombinant Domain V of Human Perlecan Is a Bioactive Vascular Proteoglycan. Biotechnol J 2017; 12. [PMID: 28846206 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The C-terminal domain V of the extracellular matrix proteoglycan perlecan plays unique and often divergent roles in a number of biological processes, including angiogenesis, vascular cell interactions, wound healing, and autophagy. Recombinant forms of domain V have been proposed as therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer, stroke, and the development of cardiovascular devices and bioartificial tissues. However, the effect of domain V appears to be related to the differences in domain V structure and function observed in different expression systems and environments and exactly how this occurs is not well understood. In this study, the sequence from amino acid 3626 to 4391 of the perlecan protein core, which includes domain V, is expressed in HEK-293 cells and purified as a secreted product from conditioned media. This recombinant domain V (rDV) is expressed as a proteoglycan decorated with heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate chains and supports endothelial cell interactions to the same extent as full-length perlecan. This expression system serves as an important model of recombinant proteoglycan expression, as well as a source of biologically active rDV for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fengying Tang
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Xiaoting Lin
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - John M Whitelock
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Megan S Lord
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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21
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Ha S, Oh J, Kim YH, Ham SW. Determination of the binding site of 2-aminothiazole derivative with importin β1 by UV-crosslinking experiment. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1060:71-75. [PMID: 28600962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Importin β1 (KPBN1) appears to be overexpressed in several cancer cells and siRNA-induced inhibition of KPNB1 shows significant inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, but do not affect normal cells. These results indicate that KPNB1 is a potential target and inhibition of KPNB1 can be used as a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of cancer. Recently, we identified the aminothiazole derivative 1 as a KPNB1-targeted anticancer agent. Herein, we report that compound 1 binds strongly to KPNB1, in a pocket centered around serine-476, as shown by UV-crosslinking and tandem mass spectrometry experiments, and supported using a model derived from molecular docking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyoung Ha
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Hak Kim
- Department of Catholic, University of Daegu, School of Medicine, Daegu 705-718, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung Wook Ham
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Abstract
Basement membranes are delicate, nanoscale and pliable sheets of extracellular matrices that often act as linings or partitions in organisms. Previously considered as passive scaffolds segregating polarized cells, such as epithelial or endothelial cells, from the underlying mesenchyme, basement membranes have now reached the center stage of biology. They play a multitude of roles from blood filtration to muscle homeostasis, from storing growth factors and cytokines to controlling angiogenesis and tumor growth, from maintaining skin integrity and neuromuscular structure to affecting adipogenesis and fibrosis. Here, we will address developmental, structural and biochemical aspects of basement membranes and discuss some of the pathogenetic mechanisms causing diseases linked to abnormal basement membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambra Pozzi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States; Veterans Affairs Hospitals, Nashville, TN, United States.
| | - Peter D Yurchenco
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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23
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Extracellular Matrix, a Hard Player in Angiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17111822. [PMID: 27809279 PMCID: PMC5133823 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17111822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex network of proteins, glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and polysaccharides. Through multiple interactions with each other and the cell surface receptors, not only the ECM determines the physical and mechanical properties of the tissues, but also profoundly influences cell behavior and many physiological and pathological processes. One of the functions that have been extensively explored is its impingement on angiogenesis. The strong impact of the ECM in this context is both direct and indirect by virtue of its ability to interact and/or store several growth factors and cytokines. The aim of this review is to provide some examples of the complex molecular mechanisms that are elicited by these molecules in promoting or weakening the angiogenic processes. The scenario is intricate, since matrix remodeling often generates fragments displaying opposite effects compared to those exerted by the whole molecules. Thus, the balance will tilt towards angiogenesis or angiostasis depending on the relative expression of pro- or anti-angiogenetic molecules/fragments composing the matrix of a given tissue. One of the vital aspects of this field of research is that, for its endogenous nature, the ECM can be viewed as a reservoir to draw from for the development of new more efficacious therapies to treat angiogenesis-dependent pathologies.
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24
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Gubbiotti MA, Neill T, Iozzo RV. A current view of perlecan in physiology and pathology: A mosaic of functions. Matrix Biol 2016; 57-58:285-298. [PMID: 27613501 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Perlecan, a large basement membrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan, is expressed in a wide array of tissues where it regulates diverse cellular processes including bone formation, inflammation, cardiac development, and angiogenesis. Here we provide a contemporary review germane to the biology of perlecan encompassing its genetic regulation as well as an analysis of its modular protein structure as it pertains to function. As perlecan signaling from the extracellular matrix converges on master regulators of autophagy, including AMPK and mTOR, via a specific interaction with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, we specifically focus on the mechanism of action of perlecan in autophagy and angiogenesis and contrast the role of endorepellin, the C-terminal fragment of perlecan, in these cellular and morphogenic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Gubbiotti
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Thomas Neill
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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25
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Kurono S, Kaneko Y, Matsuura N, Oishi H, Noguchi S, Kim SJ, Tamaki Y, Aikawa T, Kotsuma Y, Inaji H, Matsuura S. Identification of potential breast cancer markers in nipple discharge by protein profile analysis using two-dimensional nano-liquid chromatography/nanoelectrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. Proteomics Clin Appl 2016; 10:605-13. [PMID: 26970563 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201500016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This research aimed to establish a diagnostic technique for breast cancer using nipple discharge (ND), with the objective of preventive diagnosis. ND has been proposed as a source of secreted proteomes that reflect early pathological changes in the ductal-lobular epithelial microenvironment, and could thus provide breast-specific cancer biomarkers that could be accessed noninvasively as a new clinical diagnostic technique. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Minute amounts of ND from patients with and without breast cancer (n = 19 and 12, respectively) were collected at the hospital and kept frozen until just before use. They were analyzed using high-pH RP peptide fractionations/low-pH RP 2D nano-LC/ESI-MS/MS. Biomarker candidates were also investigated using Western blot analysis and sandwich ELISA on ND and/or sera. RESULTS We found distinct tendencies in protein expression and three candidate breast cancer biomarkers (carbonic anhydrase 2, catalase, and peroxiredoxin-2) whose levels differed significantly between ND specimens from patients with and without breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE These tendencies in protein expression and markers provide new ways to identify breast cancer patients. Therefore, RP/RP 2D LC/MS/MS analyses of ND and the above three markers are supported as a new breast cancer diagnostic technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadamu Kurono
- Laboratory of Molecular Signature Analysis, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory Chemicals Division, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuka Kaneko
- Laboratory of Molecular Signature Analysis, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory Chemicals Division, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nariaki Matsuura
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and Health Science, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haruki Oishi
- Laboratory of Molecular Signature Analysis, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinzaburo Noguchi
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Seung Jin Kim
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tamaki
- Department of Breast Surgery, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takao Aikawa
- Osaka Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases Prevention, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Hideo Inaji
- Department of Breast Surgery, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shuji Matsuura
- Laboratory of Molecular Signature Analysis, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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26
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Poluzzi C, Iozzo RV, Schaefer L. Endostatin and endorepellin: A common route of action for similar angiostatic cancer avengers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 97:156-73. [PMID: 26518982 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Traditional cancer therapy typically targets the tumor proper. However, newly-formed vasculature exerts a major role in cancer development and progression. Autophagy, as a biological mechanism for clearing damaged proteins and oxidative stress products released in the tumor milieu, could help in tumor resolution by rescuing cells undergoing modifications or inducing autophagic-cell death of tumor blood vessels. Cleaved fragments of extracellular matrix proteoglycans are emerging as key players in the modulation of angiogenesis and endothelial cell autophagy. An essential characteristic of cancer progression is the remodeling of the basement membrane and the release of processed forms of its constituents. Endostatin, generated from collagen XVIII, and endorepellin, the C-terminal segment of the large proteoglycan perlecan, possess a dual activity as modifiers of both angiogenesis and endothelial cell autophagy. Manipulation of these endogenously-processed forms, located in the basement membrane within tumors, could represent new therapeutic approaches for cancer eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Poluzzi
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Liliana Schaefer
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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27
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Zhou L, Li Q, Wang J, Huang C, Nice EC. Oncoproteomics: Trials and tribulations. Proteomics Clin Appl 2015; 10:516-31. [PMID: 26518147 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201500081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital; Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy; Chengdu P. R. China
- Department of Neurology; The Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College; Haikou Hainan P. R. China
| | - Qifu Li
- Department of Neurology; The Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College; Haikou Hainan P. R. China
| | - Jiandong Wang
- Department of Biomedical; Chengdu Medical College; Chengdu Sichuan Province P. R. China
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital; Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy; Chengdu P. R. China
| | - Edouard C. Nice
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital; Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy; Chengdu P. R. China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Monash University; Clayton Australia
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28
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Shawky MS, Ricciardelli C, Lord M, Whitelock J, Ferro V, Britt K, Thompson EW. Proteoglycans: Potential Agents in Mammographic Density and the Associated Breast Cancer Risk. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2015; 20:121-31. [PMID: 26501889 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-015-9346-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although increased mammographic density (MD) has been well established as a marker for increased breast cancer (BC) risk, its pathobiology is far from understood. Altered proteoglycan (PG) composition may underpin the physical properties of MD, and may contribute to the associated increase in BC risk. Numerous studies have investigated PGs, which are a major stromal matrix component, in relation to MD and BC and reported results that are sometimes discordant. Our review summarises these results and highlights discrepancies between PG associations with BC and MD, thus serving as a guide for identifying PGs that warrant further research towards developing chemo-preventive or therapeutic agents targeting preinvasive or invasive breast lesions, respectively.
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Ricard-Blum S, Vallet SD. Proteases decode the extracellular matrix cryptome. Biochimie 2015; 122:300-13. [PMID: 26382969 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix is comprised of 1100 core-matrisome and matrisome-associated proteins and of glycosaminoglycans. This structural scaffold contributes to the organization and mechanical properties of tissues and modulates cell behavior. The extracellular matrix is dynamic and undergoes constant remodeling, which leads to diseases if uncontrolled. Bioactive fragments, called matricryptins, are released from the extracellular proteins by limited proteolysis and have biological activities on their own. They regulate numerous physiological and pathological processes such as angiogenesis, cancer, diabetes, wound healing, fibrosis and infectious diseases and either improve or worsen the course of diseases depending on the matricryptins and on the molecular and biological contexts. Several protease families release matricryptins from core-matrisome and matrisome-associated proteins both in vitro and in vivo. The major proteases, which decrypt the extracellular matrix, are zinc metalloproteinases of the metzincin superfamily (matrixins, adamalysins and astacins), cysteine proteinases and serine proteases. Some matricryptins act as enzyme inhibitors, further connecting protease and matricryptin fates and providing intricate regulation of major physiopathological processes such as angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. They strengthen the role of the extracellular matrix as a key player in tissue failure and core-matrisome and matrisome-associated proteins as important therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Ricard-Blum
- UMR 5086 CNRS - Université Lyon 1, 7 Passage du Vercors, 69367 Lyon Cedex 07, France.
| | - Sylvain D Vallet
- UMR 5086 CNRS - Université Lyon 1, 7 Passage du Vercors, 69367 Lyon Cedex 07, France.
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Neill T, Schaefer L, Iozzo RV. Decoding the Matrix: Instructive Roles of Proteoglycan Receptors. Biochemistry 2015; 54:4583-98. [PMID: 26177309 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix is a dynamic repository harboring instructive cues that embody substantial regulatory dominance over many evolutionarily conserved intracellular activities, including proliferation, apoptosis, migration, motility, and autophagy. The matrix also coordinates and parses hierarchical information, such as angiogenesis, tumorigenesis, and immunological responses, typically providing the critical determinants driving each outcome. We provide the first comprehensive review focused on proteoglycan receptors, that is, signaling transmembrane proteins that use secreted proteoglycans as ligands, in addition to their natural ligands. The majority of these receptors belong to an exclusive subset of receptor tyrosine kinases and assorted cell surface receptors that specifically bind, transduce, and modulate fundamental cellular processes following interactions with proteoglycans. The class of small leucine-rich proteoglycans is the most studied so far and constitutes the best understood example of proteoglycan-receptor interactions. Decorin and biglycan evoke autophagy and immunological responses that deter, suppress, or exacerbate pathological conditions such as tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, and chronic inflammatory disease. Basement membrane-associated heparan sulfate proteoglycans (perlecan, agrin, and collagen XVIII) represent a unique cohort and provide proteolytically cleaved bioactive fragments for modulating cellular behavior. The receptors that bind the genuinely multifactorial and multivalent proteoglycans represent a nexus in understanding basic biological pathways and open new avenues for therapeutic and pharmacological intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Neill
- †Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, United States
| | - Liliana Schaefer
- ‡Department of Pharmacology, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- †Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, United States
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Iozzo RV, Schaefer L. Proteoglycan form and function: A comprehensive nomenclature of proteoglycans. Matrix Biol 2015; 42:11-55. [PMID: 25701227 PMCID: PMC4859157 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 769] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We provide a comprehensive classification of the proteoglycan gene families and respective protein cores. This updated nomenclature is based on three criteria: Cellular and subcellular location, overall gene/protein homology, and the utilization of specific protein modules within their respective protein cores. These three signatures were utilized to design four major classes of proteoglycans with distinct forms and functions: the intracellular, cell-surface, pericellular and extracellular proteoglycans. The proposed nomenclature encompasses forty-three distinct proteoglycan-encoding genes and many alternatively-spliced variants. The biological functions of these four proteoglycan families are critically assessed in development, cancer and angiogenesis, and in various acquired and genetic diseases where their expression is aberrant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
| | - Liliana Schaefer
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Douglass S, Goyal A, Iozzo RV. The role of perlecan and endorepellin in the control of tumor angiogenesis and endothelial cell autophagy. Connect Tissue Res 2015; 56:381-91. [PMID: 26181327 PMCID: PMC4769797 DOI: 10.3109/03008207.2015.1045297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
During tumor growth and angiogenesis there is a dynamic remodeling of tissue architecture often accompanied by the release of extracellular matrix constituents full of biological activity. One of the key constituents of the tumor microenvironment is the large heparan sulfate proteoglycan perlecan. This proteoglycan, strategically located at cell surfaces and within basement membranes, is a well-defined pro-angiogenic molecule when intact. However, when partially processed by proteases released during cancer remodeling and invasion, the C-terminal fragment of perlecan, known as endorepellin, has opposite effects than its parent molecule. Endorepellin is a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis by exerting a dual receptor antagonism by simultaneously engaging VEGFR2 and α2β1 integrin. Signaling through the α2β1 integrin leads to actin disassembly and block of endothelial cell migration, necessary for capillary morphogenesis. Signaling through the VEGFR2 induces dephosphorylation of the receptor via activation of SHP-1 and suppression of downstream proangiogenic effectors, especially attenuating VEGFA expression. A novel and emerging role of endorepellin is its ability to evoke autophagy by activating Peg3 and various canonical autophagic markers. This effect is specific for endothelial cells as these are the primary cells expressing both VEGFR2 and α2β1 integrin. Thus, an endogenous fragment of a ubiquitous proteoglycan can regulate both angiogenesis and autophagy through a dual receptor antagonism. The biological properties of this natural endogenous protein place endorepellin as a potential therapeutic agent against cancer or diseases where angiogenesis is prominent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Douglass
- a Department of Pathology , Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signalling Program, Kimmel Cancer Centre, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Atul Goyal
- a Department of Pathology , Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signalling Program, Kimmel Cancer Centre, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- a Department of Pathology , Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signalling Program, Kimmel Cancer Centre, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
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Alpha 2HS-glycoprotein, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) detected in Mexican patients with early-stage breast cancer. J Proteomics 2015; 112:301-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Shin J, Kim HJ, Kim G, Song M, Woo SJ, Lee ST, Kim H, Lee C. Discovery of melanotransferrin as a serological marker of colorectal cancer by secretome analysis and quantitative proteomics. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:4919-31. [PMID: 25216327 DOI: 10.1021/pr500790f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
To discover serological colorectal cancer (CRC) markers, we analyzed cell line secretome to gather proteins of higher potential to be secreted from tissues into circulation. A total of 898 human proteins were identified, of which 62.2% were predicted to be released or shed from cells. The identified proteins were compared with tissue proteomes to find candidate proteins whose expressions were elevated in tumor tissues compared with normal tissues as revealed by (i) quantitative proteomic analysis based on cICAT and mTRAQ or (ii) data mining of immunohistochemical images piled in Human Protein Atlas database. By applying various stringent criteria, 11 candidate proteins were selected. Among these, we validated an significant increase (p = 0.0018) of melanotransferrin (TRFM) at the plasma level of CRC patients through Western blotting, using 130 plasma samples containing 30 healthy controls, 80 CRC patients, and 20 patients of other diseases. Finally, we measured the expression level of TRFM in 325 plasma samples containing 77 healthy controls and 228 CRC patients (34.6 ± 4.2 ng/mL and 67.0 ± 6.4 ng/mL, p < 0.0001) through ELISA and demonstrated the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.723 (p < 0.0001) with a 92.5% specificity, 48.2% sensitivity, and 95.7% positive predictive value. Furthermore, unlike CEA and PAI-1, up-regulation of TRFM in pathological stages I & II groups compared with stages III & IV groups lead us to expect the use TRFM for early-stage diagnosis of CRC. In this study, we suggest TRFM as a potential serological marker for CRC and expect our discovery strategy to help identify highly cancer-specific and body-fluid-accessible biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Shin
- Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk, Seoul 136-791, Korea
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Ricard-Blum S, Salza R. Matricryptins and matrikines: biologically active fragments of the extracellular matrix. Exp Dermatol 2014; 23:457-63. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.12435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Ricard-Blum
- Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines; UMR 5086 CNRS; Université Lyon 1; Lyon Cedex 07 France
| | - Romain Salza
- Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines; UMR 5086 CNRS; Université Lyon 1; Lyon Cedex 07 France
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36
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Liu X, Chai Y, Li J, Ren P, Liu M, Dai L, Qian W, Li W, Zhang JY. Autoantibody response to a novel tumor-associated antigen p90/CIP2A in breast cancer immunodiagnosis. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:2661-7. [PMID: 24399648 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1350-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to identify relevant tumor markers showing high sensitivity and specificity for early immunodiagnosis of breast cancer. Autoantibodies directed against tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) have been shown to be relevant tumor markers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether autoantibodies to a tumor-associated antigen p90/CIP2A can be used as diagnostic markers in breast cancer. In this study, autoantibody responses to p90/CIP2A were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blotting, and indirect immunofluorescence assay in sera from patients with breast cancer and normal human individuals. The results have demonstrated that p90/CIP2A can induce a relatively higher frequency of autoantibody response in breast cancer (19.1%) compared to the sera of normal individuals (2.3%). The frequency of p90/CIP2A expression in breast cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal tissues (P < 0.01). Our preliminary results suggest that autoantibodies against p90/CIP2A may be a useful serum biomarker for early stage breast cancer screening and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Liu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
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37
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Lin Q, Tan HT, Lim HSR, Chung MCM. Sieving through the cancer secretome. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2013; 1834:2360-71. [PMID: 23376431 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2013.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Revised: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is among the most prevalent and serious health problems worldwide. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel cancer biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity for early detection and management of the disease. The cancer secretome, encompassing all the proteins that are secreted by cancer cells, is a promising source of biomarkers as the secreted proteins are most likely to enter the blood circulation. Moreover, since secreted proteins are responsible for signaling and communication with the tumor microenvironment, studying the cancer secretome would further the understanding of cancer biology. Latest developments in proteomics technologies have significantly advanced the study of the cancer secretome. In this review, we will present an overview of the secretome sample preparation process and summarize the data from recent secretome studies of six common cancers with high mortality (breast, colorectal, gastric, liver, lung and prostate cancers). In particular, we will focus on the various platforms that were employed and discuss the clinical applicability of the key findings in these studies. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: An Updated Secretome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifeng Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, 117597 Singapore
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38
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Schaaij-Visser TBM, de Wit M, Lam SW, Jiménez CR. The cancer secretome, current status and opportunities in the lung, breast and colorectal cancer context. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2013; 1834:2242-58. [PMID: 23376433 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2013.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite major improvements on the knowledge and clinical management, cancer is still a deadly disease. Novel biomarkers for better cancer detection, diagnosis and treatment prediction are urgently needed. Proteins secreted, shed or leaking from the cancer cell, collectively termed the cancer secretome, are promising biomarkers since they might be detectable in blood or other biofluids. Furthermore, the cancer secretome in part represents the tumor microenvironment that plays a key role in tumor promoting processes such as angiogenesis and invasion. The cancer secretome, sampled as conditioned medium from cell lines, tumor/tissue interstitial fluid or tumor proximal body fluids, can be studied comprehensively by nanoLC-MS/MS-based approaches. Here, we outline the importance of current cancer secretome research and describe the mass spectrometry-based analysis of the secretome. Further, we provide an overview of cancer secretome research with a focus on the three most common cancer types: lung, breast and colorectal cancer. We conclude that the cancer secretome research field is a young, but rapidly evolving research field. Up to now, the focus has mainly been on the discovery of novel promising secreted cancer biomarker proteins. An interesting finding that merits attention is that in cancer unconventional secretion, e.g. via vesicles, seems increased. Refinement of current approaches and methods and progress in clinical validation of the current findings are vital in order to move towards applications in cancer management. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: An Updated Secretome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tieneke B M Schaaij-Visser
- OncoProteomics Laboratory, Dept. of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Division of Molecular Genetics and Centre for Biomedical Genetics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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39
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2D gels still have a niche in proteomics. J Proteomics 2013; 88:4-13. [PMID: 23353020 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid advance of MS-based proteomics one might think that 2D gel-based proteomics is dead. This is far from the truth. Current research has shown that there are still a number of places in the field of protein and molecular biology where 2D gels still play a leading role. The aim of this review is to highlight some of these applications. Examples from our own research as well as from other published works are used to illustrate the 2D gel driven research in the areas of: 1) de novo sequencing and protein identification from organisms with no or incomplete genome sequences available; 2) alternative detection methods for modification specific proteomics; 3) identification of protein isoforms and modified proteins. With an example of the glycoprotein TIMP-1 protein we illustrate the unique properties of 2D gels for the separation and characterisation of multiply modified proteins. We also show that careful analysis of experimental and theoretical protein mass and pI can lead to the identification of unanticipated protein variants modified by for example proteolytic cleavage. Together this shows that there is an important niche for 2D gel-based proteomics, which compliments traditional LC-MS techniques for specific protein research purposes.
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40
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Surin B, Sachon E, Rougier JP, Steverlynck C, Garreau C, Lelongt B, Ronco P, Piedagnel R. LG3 fragment of endorepellin is a possible biomarker of severity in IgA nephropathy. Proteomics 2012; 13:142-52. [PMID: 23161552 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN), the most common primary glomerulonephritis, is characterized by deposition of IgA in the glomerular mesangium. The diagnosis of IgAN still requires a kidney biopsy that cannot easily be repeated in the same patient during follow-up. Therefore, identification of noninvasive urinary biomarkers would be very useful for monitoring patients with IgAN. We first used bidimensional electrophoresis (2DE) coupled to MALDI-TOF-TOF and Western blot to identify some urinary biomarkers associated with IgAN. Urine of IgAN patients showed an increase of albumin fragments, α-1-antitrypsin and α-1-β-glycoprotein, along with a decrease of a single spot that was identified as the laminin G-like 3 (LG3) fragment of endorepellin. The urinary proteomes of 43 IgAN patients were compared to those of 30 healthy individuals by ELISA. Quantification of LG3 confirmed a significant decrease in the urine of IgAN patients compared to healthy controls, except in ten patients in whom LG3 was increased. These ten patients had a more severe disease with lower glomerular filtration rate values. We found a significant inverse correlation between LG3 levels and glomerular filtration rate in the 43 patients with IgAN, which was not observed in 65 patients with other glomerular diseases including membranous nephropathy (23), lupus nephropathy (13), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (15), diabetic nephropathy (14), and six patients with nonglomerular diseases. Therefore, we suggest that the LG3 fragment of endorepellin could be associated with IgAN severity and might be related to pathogenesis of IgAN.
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Jung M, Lord MS, Cheng B, Lyons JG, Alkhouri H, Hughes JM, McCarthy SJ, Iozzo RV, Whitelock JM. Mast cells produce novel shorter forms of perlecan that contain functional endorepellin: a role in angiogenesis and wound healing. J Biol Chem 2012; 288:3289-304. [PMID: 23235151 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.387811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are derived from hematopoietic progenitors that are known to migrate to and reside within connective and mucosal tissues, where they differentiate and respond to various stimuli by releasing pro-inflammatory mediators, including histamine, growth factors, and proteases. This study demonstrated that primary human mast cells as well as the rat and human mast cell lines, RBL-2H3 and HMC-1, produce the heparan sulfate proteoglycan, perlecan, with a molecular mass of 640 kDa as well as smaller molecular mass species of 300 and 130 kDa. Utilizing domain-specific antibodies coupled with N-terminal sequencing, it was confirmed that both forms contained the C-terminal module of the protein core known as endorepellin, which were generated by mast cell-derived proteases. Domain-specific RT-PCR experiments demonstrated that transcripts corresponding to domains I and V, including endorepellin, were present; however, mRNA transcripts corresponding to regions of domain III were not present, suggesting that these cells were capable of producing spliced forms of the protein core. Fractions from mast cell cultures that were enriched for these fragments were shown to bind endothelial cells via the α(2)β(1) integrin and stimulate the migration of cells in "scratch assays," both activities of which were inhibited by incubation with either anti-endorepellin or anti-perlecan antibodies. This study shows for the first time that mast cells secrete and process the extracellular proteoglycan perlecan into fragments containing the endorepellin C-terminal region that regulate angiogenesis and matrix turnover, which are both key events in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moonsun Jung
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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42
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Inhibitor of apoptosis protein-like protein-2 as a novel serological biomarker for breast cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:16737-50. [PMID: 23222679 PMCID: PMC3546717 DOI: 10.3390/ijms131216737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitor of apoptosis protein-like protein-2 (ILP-2) has only been detected in the testis and in lymphoblastoid cells. Although previous studies have not reported the presence of ILP-2 in breast cancer tissues, this study indicates the presence of ILP-2 in breast cancer serum samples. To validate whether ILP-2 is a novel serological biomarker for breast cancer, we conducted two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry analysis on 400 breast cancer serum samples and 40 non-cancer serum samples (i.e., healthy controls). We then performed a Western blot analysis of 10 breast cancer serum samples and 10 non-cancer serum samples. Finally, we analyzed 35 serum samples from healthy controls or subjects with breast cancer, other types of cancer, galactophore hyperplasia or breast cancer post-surgery by using 2DE and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our results indicate that ILP-2 is a novel breast cancer biomarker in the peripheral blood.
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43
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López-Árias E, Aguilar-Lemarroy A, Felipe Jave-Suárez L, Morgan-Villela G, Mariscal-Ramírez I, Martínez-Velázquez M, Alvarez AH, Gutiérrez-Ortega A, Hernández-Gutiérrez R. Alpha 1-antitrypsin: a novel tumor-associated antigen identified in patients with early-stage breast cancer. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:2130-7. [PMID: 22821488 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated that sera from patients with cancer contain antibodies that recognize a unique group of autologous antigens called tumor-associated antigens (TAA). In the current study, we employed an immunoproteomic approach, combining 2DE, Western blot, and MALDI-MS to identify TAA in the sera of patients diagnosed with infiltrating ductal or in situ carcinoma breast cancer. Sera obtained from 25 newly diagnosed patients with stage II breast cancer and 20 healthy volunteers was evaluated for the presence of novel TAA. Alpha 1-antitrypsin (A1AT) antibodies were detected in 24 of 25 patients with breast cancer (96%) and in 2 of 20 controls (10%). Sensitivity of detection of autoantibodies against A1AT in patients with breast cancer was 96%. Our preliminary results suggest that A1AT and autoantibodies against alpha 1 antitrypsin may be useful serum biomarkers for early-stage breast cancer screening and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eneida López-Árias
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C.-CIATEJ, Guadalajara, México
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2-nitrobenzoate 2-nitroreductase (NbaA) switches its substrate specificity from 2-nitrobenzoic acid to 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid under oxidizing conditions. J Bacteriol 2012; 195:180-92. [PMID: 23123905 DOI: 10.1128/jb.02016-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
2-Nitrobenzoate 2-nitroreductase (NbaA) of Pseudomonas fluorescens strain KU-7 is a unique enzyme, transforming 2-nitrobenzoic acid (2-NBA) and 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid (2,4-DNBA) to the 2-hydroxylamine compounds. Sequence comparison reveals that NbaA contains a conserved cysteine residue at position 141 and two variable regions at amino acids 65 to 74 and 193 to 216. The truncated mutant Δ65-74 exhibited markedly reduced activity toward 2,4-DNBA, but its 2-NBA reduction activity was unaffected; however, both activities were abolished in the Δ193-216 mutant, suggesting that these regions are necessary for the catalysis and specificity of NbaA. NbaA showed different lag times for the reduction of 2-NBA and 2,4-DNBA with NADPH, and the reduction of 2,4-DNBA, but not 2-NBA, failed in the presence of 1 mM dithiothreitol or under anaerobic conditions, indicating oxidative modification of the enzyme for 2,4-DNBA. The enzyme was irreversibly inhibited by 5,5'-dithio-bis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) and ZnCl(2), which bind to reactive thiol/thiolate groups, and was eventually inactivated during the formation of higher-order oligomers at high pH, high temperature, or in the presence of H(2)O(2). SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry revealed the formation of intermolecular disulfide bonds by involvement of the two cysteines at positions 141 and 194. Site-directed mutagenesis indicated that the cysteines at positions 39, 103, 141, and 194 played a role in changing the enzyme activity and specificity toward 2-NBA and 2,4-DNBA. This study suggests that oxidative modifications of NbaA are responsible for the differential specificity for the two substrates and further enzyme inactivation through the formation of disulfide bonds under oxidizing conditions.
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Parker TJ, Sampson DL, Broszczak D, Chng YL, Carter SL, Leavesley DI, Parker AW, Upton Z. A fragment of the LG3 peptide of endorepellin is present in the urine of physically active mining workers: a potential marker of physical activity. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33714. [PMID: 22457785 PMCID: PMC3311645 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarker analysis has been implemented in sports research in an attempt to monitor the effects of exertion and fatigue in athletes. This study proposed that while such biomarkers may be useful for monitoring injury risk in workers, proteomic approaches might also be utilised to identify novel exertion or injury markers. We found that urinary urea and cortisol levels were significantly elevated in mining workers following a 12 hour overnight shift. These levels failed to return to baseline over 24 h in the more active maintenance crew compared to truck drivers (operators) suggesting a lack of recovery between shifts. Use of a SELDI-TOF MS approach to detect novel exertion or injury markers revealed a spectral feature which was associated with workers in both work categories who were engaged in higher levels of physical activity. This feature was identified as the LG3 peptide, a C-terminal fragment of the anti-angiogenic/anti-tumourigenic protein endorepellin. This finding suggests that urinary LG3 peptide may be a biomarker of physical activity. It is also possible that the activity mediated release of LG3/endorepellin into the circulation may represent a biological mechanism for the known inverse association between physical activity and cancer risk/survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony J Parker
- Tissue Repair and Regeneration Program, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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Boosani CS, Sudhakar YA. Proteolytically Derived Endogenous Angioinhibitors Originating from the Extracellular Matrix. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2011; 4:1551-1577. [PMID: 22267953 PMCID: PMC3260939 DOI: 10.3390/ph4121551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, a neovascularization process induced from the existing parent blood vessels, is a prerequisite for many physiological and pathological conditions. Under physiological conditions it is regulated by a balance between endogenous angioinhibitors and angioactivators, and an imbalance between them would lead to pathological conditions such as cancer, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy, cardiovascular diseases, etc. Several proteolytically generated endogenous molecules have been identified which exhibit angioinhibition and/or antitumor activities. These angioinhibitors interact with endothelial and tumor cells by binding to distinct integrins and initiate many of their intracellular signaling mechanisms regulating the cell survival and or apoptotic pathways. The present review will focus on the extracellular matrix derived angioinhibitors, and their mechanisms of actions that point to the clinical significance and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Shekhar Boosani
- Cell Signaling, Retinal and Tumor Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE 68131, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Yakkanti A. Sudhakar
- Cell Signaling, Retinal and Tumor Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE 68131, USA; E-Mail:
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +1-402-498-6681; Fax: +1-402-498-6331
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Saini MG, Pinteaux E, Lee B, Bix GJ. Oxygen-glucose deprivation and interleukin-1α trigger the release of perlecan LG3 by cells of neurovascular unit. J Neurochem 2011; 119:760-71. [PMID: 21919908 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07484.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two of the main stresses faced by cells at the neurovascular unit (NVU) as an immediate result of cerebral ischemia are oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)/reperfusion and inflammatory stress caused by up regulation of IL-1. As a result of these stresses, perlecan, an important component of the NVU extracellular matrix, is highly proteolyzed. In this study, we describe that focal cerebral ischemia in rats results in increased generation of laminin globular domain 3 (LG3), the c-terminal bioactive fragment of perlecan. Further, in vitro study of the cells of the NVU was performed to locate the source of this increased perlecan-LG3. Neurons, astrocytes, brain endothelial cells and pericytes were exposed to OGD/reperfusion and IL-1α/β. It was observed that neurons and pericytes showed increased levels of LG3 during OGD in their culture media. During in vitro reperfusion, neurons, astrocytes and pericytes showed elevated levels of LG3, but only after exposure to brief durations of OGD. IL-1α and IL-1β treatment tended to have opposite effects on NVU cells. While IL-1α increased or had minimal to no effect on LG3 generation, high concentrations of IL-1β decreased it in most cells studied. Finally, LG3 was determined to be neuroprotective and anti-proliferative in brain endothelial cells, suggesting a possible role for the generation of LG3 in the ischemic brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim G Saini
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M College of Medicine, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
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Májek P, Reicheltová Z, Suttnar J, Cermák J, Dyr JE. Plasma proteome changes associated with refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia. Proteome Sci 2011; 9:64. [PMID: 21975265 PMCID: PMC3192726 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-9-64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Accepted: 10/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia (RCMD) is a subgroup of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), which belongs to oncohematological diseases, occurring particularly in elderly patients, and represents a heterogeneous group of bone marrow diseases. The goal of this study was to look for plasma proteins that changed quantitatively or qualitatively in RCMD patients. RESULTS A total of 46 plasma samples were depleted, proteins were separated by 2D SDS-PAGE (pI 4-7), and proteomes were compared using Progenesis SameSpots statistical software. Proteins were identified by nanoLC-MS/MS. Sixty-one unique, significantly (p < 0.05, ANOVA) different spots were found; proteins in 59 spots were successfully identified and corresponded to 57 different proteins. Protein fragmentation was observed in several proteins: complement C4-A, complement C4-B, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4, and endorepellin. CONCLUSIONS This study describes proteins, which change quantitatively or qualitatively in RCMD patients, and represents the first report on significant alterations in C4-A and C4-B complement proteins and ITIH4 fragments in patients with MDS-RCMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Májek
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Hyung SW, Lee MY, Yu JH, Shin B, Jung HJ, Park JM, Han W, Lee KM, Moon HG, Zhang H, Aebersold R, Hwang D, Lee SW, Yu MH, Noh DY. A serum protein profile predictive of the resistance to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in advanced breast cancers. Mol Cell Proteomics 2011; 10:M111.011023. [PMID: 21799047 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m111.011023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Prediction of the responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) can improve the treatment of patients with advanced breast cancer. Genes and proteins predictive of chemoresistance have been extensively studied in breast cancer tissues. However, noninvasive serum biomarkers capable of such prediction have been rarely exploited. Here, we performed profiling of N-glycosylated proteins in serum from fifteen advanced breast cancer patients (ten patients sensitive to and five patients resistant to NACT) to discover serum biomarkers of chemoresistance using a label-free liquid chromatography-tandem MS method. By performing a series of statistical analyses of the proteomic data, we selected thirteen biomarker candidates and tested their differential serum levels by Western blotting in 13 independent samples (eight patients sensitive to and five patients resistant to NACT). Among the candidates, we then selected the final set of six potential serum biomarkers (AHSG, APOB, C3, C9, CP, and ORM1) whose differential expression was confirmed in the independent samples. Finally, we demonstrated that a multivariate classification model using the six proteins could predict responses to NACT and further predict relapse-free survival of patients. In summary, global N-glycoproteome profile in serum revealed a protein pattern predictive of the responses to NACT, which can be further validated in large clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Won Hyung
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Goyal A, Pal N, Concannon M, Paul M, Doran M, Poluzzi C, Sekiguchi K, Whitelock JM, Neill T, Iozzo RV. Endorepellin, the angiostatic module of perlecan, interacts with both the α2β1 integrin and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2): a dual receptor antagonism. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:25947-62. [PMID: 21596751 PMCID: PMC3138248 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.243626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Revised: 05/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Endorepellin, the C-terminal module of perlecan, negatively regulates angiogenesis counter to its proangiogenic parental molecule. Endorepellin (the C-terminal domain V of perlecan) binds the α2β1 integrin on endothelial cells and triggers a signaling cascade that leads to disruption of the actin cytoskeleton. Here, we show that both perlecan and endorepellin bind directly and with high affinity to both VEGF receptors 1 and 2, in a region that differs from VEGFA-binding site. In both human and porcine endothelial cells, this interaction evokes a physical down-regulation of both the α2β1 integrin and VEGFR2, with concurrent activation of the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 and downstream attenuation of VEGFA transcription. We demonstrate that endorepellin requires both the α2β1 integrin and VEGFR2 for its angiostatic activity. Endothelial cells that express α2β1 integrin but lack VEGFR2, do not respond to endorepellin treatment. Thus, we provide a new paradigm for the activity of an antiangiogenic protein and mechanistically explain the specificity of endorepellin for endothelial cells, the only cells that simultaneously express both receptors. We hypothesize that a mechanism such as dual receptor antagonism could operate for other angiostatic fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Goyal
- From the Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Nutan Pal
- From the Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Matthew Concannon
- From the Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Matthew Paul
- From the Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Mike Doran
- From the Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Chiara Poluzzi
- From the Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Kiyotoshi Sekiguchi
- the Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biochemistry, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and
| | - John M. Whitelock
- the Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Thomas Neill
- From the Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Renato V. Iozzo
- From the Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
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