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Ciulla MG, Gelain F. Structure-activity relationships of antibacterial peptides. Microb Biotechnol 2023; 16:757-777. [PMID: 36705032 PMCID: PMC10034643 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides play a crucial role in innate immunity, whose components are mainly peptide-based molecules with antibacterial properties. Indeed, the exploration of the immune system over the past 40 years has revealed a number of natural peptides playing a pivotal role in the defence mechanisms of vertebrates and invertebrates, including amphibians, insects, and mammalians. This review provides a discussion regarding the antibacterial mechanisms of peptide-based agents and their structure-activity relationships (SARs) with the aim of describing a topic that is not yet fully explored. Some growing evidence suggests that innate immunity should be strongly considered for the development of novel antibiotic peptide-based libraries. Also, due to the constantly rising concern of antibiotic resistance, the development of new antibiotic drugs is becoming a priority of global importance. Hence, the study and the understanding of defence phenomena occurring in the immune system may inspire the development of novel antibiotic compound libraries and set the stage to overcome drug-resistant pathogens. Here, we provide an overview of the importance of peptide-based antibacterial sources, focusing on accurately selected molecular structures, their SARs including recently introduced modifications, their latest biotechnology applications, and their potential against multi-drug resistant pathogens. Last, we provide cues to describe how antibacterial peptides show a better scope of action selectivity than several anti-infective agents, which are characterized by non-selective activities and non-targeted actions toward pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gessica Ciulla
- Institute for Stem-Cell Biology, Regenerative Medicine and Innovative Therapies, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
- Center for Nanomedicine and Tissue Engineering (CNTE), ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Gelain
- Institute for Stem-Cell Biology, Regenerative Medicine and Innovative Therapies, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
- Center for Nanomedicine and Tissue Engineering (CNTE), ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
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2
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Kao YT, Calabrese S, Borst N, Lehnert M, Lai YK, Schlenker F, Juelg P, Zengerle R, Garstecki P, von Stetten F. Microfluidic One-Pot Digital Droplet FISH Using LNA/DNA Molecular Beacons for Bacteria Detection and Absolute Quantification. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12040237. [PMID: 35448297 PMCID: PMC9032532 DOI: 10.3390/bios12040237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate detection and quantification of bacterial load with a novel microfluidic one-pot wash-free fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay in droplets. The method offers minimal manual workload by only requiring mixing of the sample with reagents and loading it into a microfluidic cartridge. By centrifugal microfluidic step emulsification, our method partitioned the sample into 210 pL (73 µm in diameter) droplets for bacterial encapsulation followed by in situ permeabilization, hybridization, and signal detection. Employing locked nucleic acid (LNA)/DNA molecular beacons (LNA/DNA MBs) and NaCl-urea based hybridization buffer, the assay was characterized with Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Proteus mirabilis. The assay performed with single-cell sensitivity, a 4-log dynamic range from a lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) at ~3 × 103 bacteria/mL to an upper limit of quantification (ULOQ) at ~3 × 107 bacteria/mL, anda linearity R2 = 0.976. The total time-to-results for detection and quantification was around 1.5 hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Kao
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK-Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (Y.-T.K.); (N.B.); (Y.-K.L.); (R.Z.)
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Silvia Calabrese
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (S.C.); (M.L.); (F.S.); (P.J.)
| | - Nadine Borst
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK-Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (Y.-T.K.); (N.B.); (Y.-K.L.); (R.Z.)
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (S.C.); (M.L.); (F.S.); (P.J.)
| | - Michael Lehnert
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (S.C.); (M.L.); (F.S.); (P.J.)
| | - Yu-Kai Lai
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK-Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (Y.-T.K.); (N.B.); (Y.-K.L.); (R.Z.)
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland;
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (S.C.); (M.L.); (F.S.); (P.J.)
| | - Franziska Schlenker
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (S.C.); (M.L.); (F.S.); (P.J.)
| | - Peter Juelg
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (S.C.); (M.L.); (F.S.); (P.J.)
| | - Roland Zengerle
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK-Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (Y.-T.K.); (N.B.); (Y.-K.L.); (R.Z.)
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (S.C.); (M.L.); (F.S.); (P.J.)
| | - Piotr Garstecki
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Felix von Stetten
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK-Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (Y.-T.K.); (N.B.); (Y.-K.L.); (R.Z.)
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (S.C.); (M.L.); (F.S.); (P.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-761-203-73243
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In Vitro Evaluation of Antimicrobial Peptides from the Black Soldier Fly ( Hermetia Illucens) against a Selection of Human Pathogens. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0166421. [PMID: 34985302 PMCID: PMC8729770 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01664-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are being explored as alternatives to traditional antibiotics to combat the rising antimicrobial resistance. Insects have proven to be a valuable source of new, potent AMPs with large structural diversity. For example, the black soldier fly has one of the largest AMP repertoires ever recorded in insects. Currently, however, this AMP collection has not yet undergone antimicrobial evaluation or in-depth in vitro characterization. This study evaluated the activity of a library of 36 black soldier fly AMPs against a panel of human pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus fumigatus) and a human cell line (MRC5-SV2). The activity profile of two cecropins (Hill-Cec1 and Hill-Cec10) with potent Gram-negative activity, was further explored by characterizing their hemolysis, time-to-kill kinetics, membrane-permeabilization properties, and anti-biofilm activity. Hill-Cec1 and Hill-Cec10 also showed high activity against other bacterial species, including Klebsiella pneumoniae and multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa. Both AMPs are bactericidal and have a rapid onset of action with membrane-permeabilizing effects. Hill-Cec1 and Hill-Cec10 were also able to prevent P. aeruginosa biofilm formation, but no relevant effect was seen on biofilm eradication. Overall, Hill-Cec1 and Hill-Cec10 are promising leads for new antimicrobial development to treat critical infections caused by Gram-negative pathogens such as P. aeruginosa. IMPORTANCE With the ever growing antimicrobial resistance, finding new candidates for antimicrobial drug development is indispensable. Antimicrobial peptides have steadily gained attention as alternatives for conventional antibiotics, due to some highly desirable characteristics, such as their low propensity for resistance development. With this article, we aim to upgrade the knowledge on the activity of black soldier fly antimicrobial peptides and their potential as future therapeutics. To achieve this, we have evaluated for the first time a library of 36 synthetically produced peptides from the black soldier fly against a range of human pathogens and a human cell line. Two selected peptides have undergone additional testing to characterize their antimicrobial profile against P. aeruginosa, a clinically important Gram-negative pathogen with a high established resistance. Overall, this research has contributed to the search for new peptide drug leads to combat the rising antimicrobial resistance.
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Punginelli D, Schillaci D, Mauro M, Deidun A, Barone G, Arizza V, Vazzana M. The potential of antimicrobial peptides isolated from freshwater crayfish species in new drug development: A review. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 126:104258. [PMID: 34530039 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The much-publicised increased resistance of pathogenic bacteria to conventional antibiotics has focused research effort on the characterization of new antimicrobial drugs. In this context, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) extracted from animals are considered a promising alternative to conventional antibiotics. In recent years, freshwater crayfish species have emerged as an important source of bioactive compounds. In fact, these invertebrates rely on an innate immune system based on cellular responses and on the production of important effectors in the haemolymph, such as AMPs, which are produced and stored in granules in haemocytes and released after stimulation. These effectors are active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In this review, we summarise the recent progress on AMPs isolated from the several species of freshwater crayfish and their prospects for future pharmaceutical applications to combat infectious agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diletta Punginelli
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi, 18, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Domenico Schillaci
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi, 18, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Manuela Mauro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi, 18, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alan Deidun
- Department of Geosciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, Msida MSD, 2080, Malta
| | - Giampaolo Barone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi, 18, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Arizza
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi, 18, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mirella Vazzana
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi, 18, 90123, Palermo, Italy.
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How to Combat Gram-Negative Bacteria Using Antimicrobial Peptides: A Challenge or an Unattainable Goal? Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10121499. [PMID: 34943713 PMCID: PMC8698890 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10121499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent a promising and effective alternative for combating pathogens, having some advantages compared to conventional antibiotics. However, AMPs must also contend with complex and specialised Gram-negative bacteria envelops. The variety of lipopolysaccharide and phospholipid composition in Gram-negative bacteria strains and species are decisive characteristics regarding their susceptibility or resistance to AMPs. Such biological and structural barriers have created delays in tuning AMPs to deal with Gram-negative bacteria. This becomes even more acute because little is known about the interaction AMP–Gram-negative bacteria and/or AMPs’ physicochemical characteristics, which could lead to obtaining selective molecules against Gram-negative bacteria. As a consequence, available AMPs usually have highly associated haemolytic and/or cytotoxic activity. Only one AMP has so far been FDA approved and another two are currently in clinical trials against Gram-negative bacteria. Such a pessimistic panorama suggests that efforts should be concentrated on the search for new molecules, designs and strategies for combating infection caused by this type of microorganism. This review has therefore been aimed at describing the currently available AMPs for combating Gram-negative bacteria, exploring the characteristics of these bacteria’s cell envelop hampering the development of new AMPs, and offers a perspective regarding the challenges for designing new AMPs against Gram-negative bacteria.
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Neubauer D, Jaśkiewicz M, Bauer M, Olejniczak-Kęder A, Sikorska E, Sikora K, Kamysz W. Biological and Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Arginine-Rich Peptide Gemini Surfactants with Lysine and Cystine Spacers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3299. [PMID: 33804887 PMCID: PMC8036666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrashort cationic lipopeptides (USCLs) and gemini cationic surfactants are classes of potent antimicrobials. Our recent study has shown that the branching and shortening of the fatty acids chains with the simultaneous addition of a hydrophobic N-terminal amino acid in USCLs result in compounds with enhanced selectivity. Here, this approach was introduced into arginine-rich gemini cationic surfactants. l-cystine diamide and l-lysine amide linkers were used as spacers. Antimicrobial activity against planktonic and biofilm cultures of ESKAPE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp.) strains and Candida sp. as well as hemolytic and cytotoxic activities were examined. Moreover, antimicrobial activity in the presence of human serum and the ability to form micelles were evaluated. Membrane permeabilization study, serum stability assay, and molecular dynamics were performed. Generally, critical aggregation concentration was linearly correlated with hydrophobicity. Gemini surfactants were more active than the parent USCLs, and they turned out to be selective antimicrobial agents with relatively low hemolytic and cytotoxic activities. Geminis with the l-cystine diamide spacer seem to be less cytotoxic than their l-lysine amide counterparts, but they exhibited lower antibiofilm and antimicrobial activities in serum. In some cases, geminis with branched fatty acid chains and N-terminal hydrophobic amino acid resides exhibited enhanced selectivity to pathogens over human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Neubauer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.J.); (M.B.); (K.S.); (W.K.)
| | - Maciej Jaśkiewicz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.J.); (M.B.); (K.S.); (W.K.)
| | - Marta Bauer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.J.); (M.B.); (K.S.); (W.K.)
| | - Agata Olejniczak-Kęder
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Emilia Sikorska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Karol Sikora
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.J.); (M.B.); (K.S.); (W.K.)
| | - Wojciech Kamysz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.J.); (M.B.); (K.S.); (W.K.)
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Neubauer D, Jaśkiewicz M, Sikorska E, Bartoszewska S, Bauer M, Kapusta M, Narajczyk M, Kamysz W. Effect of Disulfide Cyclization of Ultrashort Cationic Lipopeptides on Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7208. [PMID: 33003569 PMCID: PMC7582905 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrashort cationic lipopeptides (USCLs) are considered to be a promising class of antimicrobials with high activity against a broad-spectrum of microorganisms. However, the majority of these compounds are characterized by significant toxicity toward human cells, which hinders their potential application. To overcome those limitations, several approaches have been advanced. One of these is disulfide cyclization that has been shown to improve drug-like characteristics of peptides. In this article the effect of disulfide cyclization of the polar head of N-palmitoylated USCLs on in vitro biological activity has been studied. Lipopeptides used in this study consisted of three or four basic amino acids (lysine and arginine) and cystine in a cyclic peptide. In general, disulfide cyclization of the lipopeptides resulted in peptides with reduced cytotoxicity. Disulfide-cyclized USCLs exhibited improved selectivity between Candida sp., Gram-positive strains and normal cells in contrast to their linear counterparts. Interactions between selected USCLs and membranes were studied by molecular dynamics simulations using a coarse-grained force field. Moreover, membrane permeabilization properties and kinetics were examined. Fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy revealed damage to Candida cell membrane and organelles. Concluding, USCLs are strong membrane disruptors and disulfide cyclization of polar head can have a beneficial effect on its in vitro selectivity between Candida sp. and normal human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Neubauer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.J.); (S.B.); (M.B.); (W.K.)
| | - Maciej Jaśkiewicz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.J.); (S.B.); (M.B.); (W.K.)
| | - Emilia Sikorska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Sylwia Bartoszewska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.J.); (S.B.); (M.B.); (W.K.)
| | - Marta Bauer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.J.); (S.B.); (M.B.); (W.K.)
| | - Małgorzata Kapusta
- Department of Plant Cytology and Embryology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Narajczyk
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Wojciech Kamysz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.J.); (S.B.); (M.B.); (W.K.)
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Sharma G, Dang S, K A, Kalia M, Gabrani R. Synergistic antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity of nisin like bacteriocin with curcumin and cinnamaldehyde against ESBL and MBL producing clinical strains. BIOFOULING 2020; 36:710-724. [PMID: 32772715 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2020.1804553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bacteriocins are small peptides that can inhibit the growth of a diverse range of microbes. There is a need to identify bacteriocins that are effective against biofilms of resistant clinical strains. The present study focussed on the efficacy of purified nisin like bacteriocin-GAM217 against extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) producing clinical strains. Bacteriocin-GAM217 when combined with curcumin and cinnamaldehyde, synergistically enhanced antibacterial activity against planktonic and biofilm cultures of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli. Bacteriocin-GAM217 and phytochemical combinations inhibited biofilm formation by >80%, and disrupted the biofilm for selected ESBL and MBL producing clinical strains. The anti-adhesion assay showed that these combinatorial compounds significantly lowered the attachment of bacteria to Vero cells and that they elicited membrane permeability and rapid killing as viewed by confocal microscopy. This study demonstrates that bacteriocin-GAM217 in combination with phytochemicals can be a potential anti-biofilm agent and thus has potential for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
| | - Shweta Dang
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
| | - Aruna K
- Department of Microbiology, Wilson College, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Reema Gabrani
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
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Shorter Antibacterial Peptide Having High Selectivity for E. coli Membranes and Low Potential for Inducing Resistance. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8060867. [PMID: 32521823 PMCID: PMC7356157 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8060867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been recognised as a significant therapeutic option for mitigating resistant microbial infections. It has been found recently that Plasmodium falciparum-derived, 20 residue long, peptide 35409 had antibacterial and haemolytic activity, making it an AMP having reduced selectivity, and suggesting that it should be studied more extensively for obtaining new AMPs having activity solely targeting the bacterial membrane. Peptide 35409 was thus used as template for producing short synthetic peptides (<20 residues long) and evaluating their biological activity and relevant physicochemical characteristics for therapeutic use. Four of the sixteen short peptides evaluated here had activity against E. coli without any associated haemolytic effects. The 35409-1 derivative (17 residues long) had the best therapeutic characteristics as it had high selectivity for bacterial cells, stability in the presence of human sera, activity against E. coli multiresistant clinical isolates and was shorter than the original sequence. It had a powerful membranolytic effect and low potential for inducing resistance in bacteria. This peptide’s characteristics highlighted its potential as an alternative for combating infection caused by E. coli multiresistant bacteria and/or for designing new AMPs.
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A novel biosensor for zinc detection based on microbial fuel cell system. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 147:111763. [PMID: 31654820 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cell (MFC) biosensors are self-sustainable device for monitoring of various substrates; however, for heavy metals detection are still scarce. In this study, E. coli BL21 was engineered to express the zntR, ribB, and oprF genes with PzntA promoter, which could sense zinc (Zn2+) for riboflavin and porin production. The engineered strain produced high levels of riboflavin (2.4-3.6 μM) and improved cell membrane permeability, with a positive correlation of Zn2+ (0-400 μM). The strain was then employed in MFC biosensor under the following operational parameters: external resistance 1000 Ω, pH 9, and temperature 37 °C for Zn2+ sensing. The maximum voltages (160, 183, 260, 292, and 342 mV) of the constructed MFC biosensor have a linear relationship with Zn2+ concentrations (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 μM, respectively) (R2 = 0.9777). An Android App was developed for the biosensor system that could sense Zn2+ in real-time and in situ. The biosensor was applied to wastewater with different Zn2+ concentrations and the results showed that the detection range for Zn2+ was 20-100 μM, which covers common Zn2+ safety standards. The results obtained with developed MFC biosensor were comparable to conventional methods such as colorimetric, flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS), and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). In summary, MFC biosensor with biosynthetic strain is an efficient and affordable system for real-time monitoring and sensing of heavy metals.
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Otis G, Bhattacharya S, Malka O, Kolusheva S, Bolel P, Porgador A, Jelinek R. Selective Labeling and Growth Inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Aminoguanidine Carbon Dots. ACS Infect Dis 2019; 5:292-302. [PMID: 30589261 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.8b00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a highly virulent bacterium, particularly associated with the spread of multidrug resistance. Here we show that carbon dots (C-dots), synthesized from aminoguanidine and citric acid precursors, can selectively stain and inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa strains. The aminoguanidine-C-dots were shown both to target P. aeruginosa bacterial cells and also to inhibit biofilm formation by the bacteria. Mechanistic analysis points to interactions between aminoguanidine residues on the C-dots' surface and P. aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide moieties as the likely determinants for both antibacterial and labeling activities. Indeed, the application of biomimetic membrane assays reveals that LPS-promoted insertion and bilayer permeation constitute the primary factors in the anti- P. aeruginosa effect of the aminoguanidine-C-dots. The aminoguanidine C-dots are easy to prepare in large quantities and are inexpensive and biocompatible and thus may be employed as a useful vehicle for selective staining and antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa.
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Selectivity of Antimicrobial Peptides: A Complex Interplay of Multiple Equilibria. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1117:175-214. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-3588-4_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Wu Q, Patočka J, Kuča K. Insect Antimicrobial Peptides, a Mini Review. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10110461. [PMID: 30413046 PMCID: PMC6267271 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10110461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are crucial effectors of the innate immune system. They provide the first line of defense against a variety of pathogens. AMPs display synergistic effects with conventional antibiotics, and thus present the potential for combined therapies. Insects are extremely resistant to bacterial infections. Insect AMPs are cationic and comprise less than 100 amino acids. These insect peptides exhibit an antimicrobial effect by disrupting the microbial membrane and do not easily allow microbes to develop drug resistance. Currently, membrane mechanisms underlying the antimicrobial effects of AMPs are proposed by different modes: the barrel-stave mode, toroidal-pore, carpet, and disordered toroidal-pore are the typical modes. Positive charge quantity, hydrophobic property and the secondary structure of the peptide are important for the antibacterial activity of AMPs. At present, several structural families of AMPs from insects are known (defensins, cecropins, drosocins, attacins, diptericins, ponericins, metchnikowins, and melittin), but new AMPs are frequently discovered. We reviewed the biological effects of the major insect AMPs. This review will provide further information that facilitates the study of insect AMPs and shed some light on novel microbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiří Patočka
- Department of Radiology and Toxicology, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, University of South Bohemia, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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Savini F, Bobone S, Roversi D, Mangoni ML, Stella L. From liposomes to cells: Filling the gap between physicochemical and microbiological studies of the activity and selectivity of host‐defense peptides. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Savini
- Department of Chemical Science and TechnologiesUniversity of Rome Tor VergataRome00133 Italy
| | - Sara Bobone
- Department of Chemical Science and TechnologiesUniversity of Rome Tor VergataRome00133 Italy
| | - Daniela Roversi
- Department of Chemical Science and TechnologiesUniversity of Rome Tor VergataRome00133 Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Mangoni
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Laboratory affiliated to Pasteur Italia‐Fondazione Cenci BolognettiSapienza University of RomeRome, via degli Apuli9‐00185 Italy
| | - Lorenzo Stella
- Department of Chemical Science and TechnologiesUniversity of Rome Tor VergataRome00133 Italy
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15
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Membrane-damaging activities of mannosylated ovalbumin are involved in its antibacterial action. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 639:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Dong N, Wang Z, Chou S, Zhang L, Shan A, Jiang J. Antibacterial activities and molecular mechanism of amino-terminal fragments from pig nematode antimicrobial peptide CP-1. Chem Biol Drug Des 2018; 91:1017-1029. [PMID: 29266746 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
High manufacturing costs and weak cell selectivity have limited the clinical application of naturally occurring peptides when faced with an outbreak of drug resistance. To overcome these limitations, a set of antimicrobial peptides was synthesized with the general sequence of (WL)n, where n = 1, 2, 3, and WL was truncated from the N-terminus of Cecropin P1 without initial serine residues. The antimicrobial peptide WL3 exhibited stronger antimicrobial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive microbes than the parental peptide CP-1. WL3 showed no hemolysis even at the highest test concentrations compared to the parental peptide CP-1. The condition sensitivity assays (salts, serum, and trypsin) demonstrated that WL3 had high stability in vitro. Fluorescence spectroscopy and electron microscopy indicated that WL3 killed microbes by means of penetrating the membrane and causing cell lysis. In a mouse model, WL3 was able to significantly reduce the bacteria load in major organs and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) levels in serum. In summary, these findings suggest that WL3, which was modified from a natural antimicrobial peptide, has enormous potential for application as a novel antibacterial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Dong
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhihua Wang
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuli Chou
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Licong Zhang
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Anshan Shan
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Junguang Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
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Barreto-Santamaría A, Curtidor H, Arévalo-Pinzón G, Herrera C, Suárez D, Pérez WH, Patarroyo ME. A New Synthetic Peptide Having Two Target of Antibacterial Action in E. coli ML35. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:2006. [PMID: 28066341 PMCID: PMC5167725 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.02006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased resistance of microorganisms to the different antimicrobials available to today has highlighted the need to find new therapeutic agents, including natural and/or synthetic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). This study has evaluated the antimicrobial activity of synthetic peptide 35409 (RYRRKKKMKKALQYIKLLKE) against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 and Escherichia coli ML 35 (ATCC 43827). The results have shown that peptide 35409 inhibited the growth of these three bacterial strains, having 16-fold greater activity against E. coli and P. aeruginosa, but requiring less concentration regarding E. coli (22 μM). When analyzing this activity against E. coli compared to time taken, it was found that this peptide inhibited bacterial growth during the first 60 min and reduced CFU/mL 1 log after 120 min had elapsed. This AMP permeabilized the E. coli membrane by interaction with membrane phospholipids, mainly phosphatidylethanolamine, inhibited cell division and induced filamentation, suggesting two different targets of action within a bacterial cell. Cytotoxicity studies revealed that peptide 35409 had low hemolytic activity and was not cytotoxic for two human cell lines. We would thus propose, in the light of these findings, that the peptide 35409 sequence should provide a promising template for designing broad-spectrum AMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Barreto-Santamaría
- Receptor-Ligand Department, Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de ColombiaBogotá, Colombia; Faculty of Sciences and Education, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de CaldasBogotá, Colombia; School of Medicine and Health sciences, Universidad del RosarioBogotá, Colombia
| | - Hernando Curtidor
- Receptor-Ligand Department, Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de ColombiaBogotá, Colombia; School of Medicine and Health sciences, Universidad del RosarioBogotá, Colombia
| | - Gabriela Arévalo-Pinzón
- Receptor-Ligand Department, Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de ColombiaBogotá, Colombia; School of Medicine and Health sciences, Universidad del RosarioBogotá, Colombia
| | - Chonny Herrera
- Receptor-Ligand Department, Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de ColombiaBogotá, Colombia; School of Medicine and Health sciences, Universidad del RosarioBogotá, Colombia
| | - Diana Suárez
- Receptor-Ligand Department, Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de ColombiaBogotá, Colombia; School of Medicine and Health sciences, Universidad del RosarioBogotá, Colombia
| | - Walter H Pérez
- Escuela Colombiana de Carreras Industriales Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Manuel E Patarroyo
- Receptor-Ligand Department, Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de ColombiaBogotá, Colombia; Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de ColombiaBogotá, Colombia
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Miao J, Liu G, Ke C, Fan W, Li C, Chen Y, Dixon W, Song M, Cao Y, Xiao H. Inhibitory effects of a novel antimicrobial peptide from kefir against Escherichia coli. Food Control 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Xu J, Zhong F, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Huo S, Lin H, Wang L, Cui D, Li X. Construction of Bacillus subtilis strain engineered for expression of porcine β-defensin-2/cecropin P1 fusion antimicrobial peptides and its growth-promoting effect and antimicrobial activity. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2016; 30:576-584. [PMID: 27383796 PMCID: PMC5394845 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.16.0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Objective To generate recombinant Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) engineered for expression of porcine β-defensin-2 (pBD-2) and cecropin P1 (CP1) fusion antimicrobial peptide and investigate their anti-bacterial activity in vitro and their growth-promoting and disease resisting activity in vivo. Methods The pBD-2 and CP1 fused gene was synthesized using the main codons of B. subtilis and inserted into plasmid pMK4 vector to construct their expression vector. The fusion peptide-expressing B. subtilis was constructed by transformation with the vector. The expressed fusion peptide was detected with Western blot. The antimicrobial activity of the expressed fusion peptide and the recovered pBD-2 and CP1 by enterokinase digestion in vitro was analyzed by the bacterial growth-inhibitory activity assay. To analyze the engineered B. subtilis on growth promotion and disease resistance, the weaned piglets were fed with basic diet supplemented with the recombinant B. subtilis. Then the piglets were challenged by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli). The weight gain and diarrhea incidence of piglets were measured after challenge. Results The recombinant B. subtilis engineered for expression of pBD-2/CP1 fusion peptide was successfully constructed using the main codons of the B. subtilis. Both expressed pBD-2/CP1 fusion peptide and their individual peptides recovered from parental fusion peptide by enterokinase digestion possessed the antimicrobial activities to a variety of the bacteria, including gram-negative bacteria (E. coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Haemophilus parasuis) and gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus). Supplementing the engineered B. subtilis to the pig feed could significantly promote the piglet growth and reduced diarrhea incidence of the piglets. Conclusion The generated B. subtilis strain can efficiently express pBD-2/CP1 fusion antimicrobial peptide, the recovered pBD-2 and CP1 peptides possess potent antimicrobial activities to a variety of bacterial species in vitro. Supplementation of the engineered B. subtilis in pig feed obviously promote piglet growth and resistance to the colibacillosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Fei Zhong
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Jianlou Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Shanshan Huo
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Hongyu Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Liyue Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Dan Cui
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Xiujin Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
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Du H, Samuel RL, Massiah MA, Gillmor SD. The structure and behavior of the NA-CATH antimicrobial peptide with liposomes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Soares JW, Kirby R, Doherty LA, Meehan A, Arcidiacono S. Immobilization and orientation-dependent activity of a naturally occurring antimicrobial peptide. J Pept Sci 2015; 21:669-79. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason W. Soares
- U.S. Army Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center; Natick MA 01760 USA
| | - Romy Kirby
- U.S. Army Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center; Natick MA 01760 USA
| | - Laurel A. Doherty
- U.S. Army Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center; Natick MA 01760 USA
| | - Alexa Meehan
- U.S. Army Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center; Natick MA 01760 USA
| | - Steven Arcidiacono
- U.S. Army Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center; Natick MA 01760 USA
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22
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Tsai CY, Chen YJ, Fu YS, Chang LS. Antibacterial and membrane-damaging activities of mannosylated bovine serum albumin. Arch Biochem Biophys 2015; 573:14-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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Smith PT, Huang ML, Kirshenbaum K. Osmoprotective polymer additives attenuate the membrane pore-forming activity of antimicrobial peptoids. Biopolymers 2015; 103:227-36. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.22588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter T. Smith
- Department of Chemistry; New York University; New York New York 10003
| | - Mia L. Huang
- Department of Chemistry; New York University; New York New York 10003
| | - Kent Kirshenbaum
- Department of Chemistry; New York University; New York New York 10003
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24
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Investigating specific bacterial resistance to AMPs by using a magainin I-resistant Escherichia coli model. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2014; 67:681-7. [DOI: 10.1038/ja.2014.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Transmission electron microscopic morphological study and flow cytometric viability assessment of Acinetobacter baumannii susceptible to Musca domestica cecropin. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:657536. [PMID: 24883421 PMCID: PMC4032720 DOI: 10.1155/2014/657536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii infections are difficult to treat owing to the extremely limited armamentarium. Expectations about antimicrobial peptides' use as new powerful antibacterial agents have been raised on the basis of their unique mechanism of action. Musca domestica cecropin (Mdc), a novel antimicrobial peptide from the larvae of Housefly (Musca domestica), has potently active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria standard strain. Here we evaluated the antibacterial activity of Mdc against clinical isolates of MDR-A. baumannii and elucidate the related antibacterial mechanisms. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Mdc was 4 μg/mL. Bactericidal kinetics of Mdc revealed rapid killing of A. baumannii (30 min). Flow cytometry using viability stain demonstrated that Mdc causes A. baumannii membrane permeabilization in a concentration- and time-dependent process, which correlates with the bactericidal action. Moreover, transmission electron microscopic (TEM) examination showed that Mdc is capable of disrupting the membrane of bacterial cells, resulting in efflux of essential cytoplasmic components. Overall, Mdc could be a promising antibacterial agent for MDR-A. baumannii infections.
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Wen YL, Wu BJ, Kao PH, Fu YS, Chang LS. Antibacterial and membrane-damaging activities of β
-bungarotoxin B chain. J Pept Sci 2012; 19:1-8. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 09/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lin Wen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences; National Sun Yat-Sen University; Kaohsiung 804 Taiwan
| | - Bao-Jueng Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine; Zuoying Armed Forces General Hospital; Kaohsiung 813 Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsiu Kao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences; National Sun Yat-Sen University; Kaohsiung 804 Taiwan
| | - Yaw-Syan Fu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology; Kaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan
| | - Long-Sen Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences; National Sun Yat-Sen University; Kaohsiung 804 Taiwan
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Yong YC, Yu YY, Yang Y, Liu J, Wang JY, Song H. Enhancement of extracellular electron transfer and bioelectricity output by synthetic porin. Biotechnol Bioeng 2012; 110:408-16. [PMID: 23007598 DOI: 10.1002/bit.24732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The microbial fuel cell (MFC), is a promising environmental biotechnology for harvesting electricity energy from organic wastes. However, low bacterial membrane permeability of electron shuttles is a limiting factor that restricts the electron shuttle-mediated extracellular electron transfer (EET) from bacteria to electrodes, thus the electricity power output of MFCs. To this end, we heterologously expressed a porin protein OprF from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 into Escherichia coli, which dramatically increased its membrane permeability, delivering a much higher current output in MFCs than its parental strain (BL21). We found that the oprF-expression strain showed more efficient EET than its parental strain. More strikingly, the enhanced membrane permeability also rendered the oprF-expression strain an efficient usage of riboflavin as the electron shuttle, whereas its parental strain was incapable of. Our results substantiated that membrane permeability is crucial for the efficient EET, and indicated that the expression of synthetic porins could be an efficient strategy to enhance bioelectricity generation by microorganisms (including electrogenic bacteria) in MFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Chun Yong
- Laboratory of Bioelectron based Biorefinery, Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
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Horstman NK, Darwin AJ. Phage shock proteins B and C prevent lethal cytoplasmic membrane permeability in Yersinia enterocolitica. Mol Microbiol 2012; 85:445-60. [PMID: 22646656 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2012.08120.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The bacterial phage shock protein (Psp) stress response system is activated by events affecting the cytoplasmic membrane. In response, Psp protein levels increase, including PspA, which has been implicated as the master effector of stress tolerance. Yersinia enterocolitica and related bacteria with a defective Psp system are highly sensitive to the mislocalization of pore-forming secretin proteins. However, why secretins are toxic to psp null strains, whereas some other Psp inducers are not, has not been explained. Furthermore, previous work has led to the confounding and disputable suggestion that PspA is not involved in mitigating secretin toxicity. Here we have established a correlation between the amount of secretin toxicity in a psp null strain and the extent of cytoplasmic membrane permeability to large molecules. This leads to a morphological change resembling cells undergoing plasmolysis. Furthermore, using novel strains with dis-regulated Psp proteins has allowed us to obtain unequivocal evidence that PspA is not required for secretin-stress tolerance. Together, our data suggest that the mechanism by which secretin multimers kill psp null cells is by causing a profound defect in the cytoplasmic membrane permeability barrier. This allows lethal molecular exchange with the environment, which the PspB and PspC proteins can prevent.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kaye Horstman
- Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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Wu S, Zhang F, Huang Z, Liu H, Xie C, Zhang J, Thacker PA, Qiao S. Effects of the antimicrobial peptide cecropin AD on performance and intestinal health in weaned piglets challenged with Escherichia coli. Peptides 2012; 35:225-30. [PMID: 22490448 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2012.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2012] [Revised: 03/24/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effects of the antimicrobial peptide cecropin on performance and intestinal health in piglets. Newly weaned barrows were randomly assigned to one of three treatments (n=8), including a corn-soybean basal diet or similar diets supplemented with antibiotics (100 mg/kg kitasamycin plus 800 mg/kg colistin sulfate) or 400 mg/kg cecropin AD. On day 13, all piglets were orally challenged with 10(9)CFU/mL of Escherichia coli K88. On day 19, all piglets were euthanized and sampled. Before challenge, piglets fed antibiotics had greater weight gain, feed efficiency, nitrogen and energy retention than the control (P<0.05). E. coli challenge decreased weight gain, feed intake and feed efficiency for the control piglets (P<0.05) but not for the antibiotic or cecropin AD treated piglets. The incidence of diarrhea post-challenge in the antibiotic and cecropin AD treatments decreased compared with the control piglets. The total viable counts of cecal E. coli were lower while the Lactobacilli counts were higher in the antibiotic and cecropin AD treatments compared with the control (P<0.05). Cecropin AD treatment decreased total aerobes while increasing total anaerobes in the ileum (P<0.05). A higher villus height to crypt depth ratio in the jejunum and ileum as well as a deeper crypt depth in the jejunum and higher villus height in the ileum were observed in piglets fed antibiotics or cecropin AD compared with control piglets (P<0.05). Piglets fed the control diet had lower levels of secretory IgA in their jejunum and lower serum IgA, IgG, interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 compared with the other treatments (P<0.05). Overall, these data suggest that cecropin AD enhances pig performance through increasing immune status and nitrogen and energy retention as well as reducing intestinal pathogens in weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shudan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Lu X, Shen J, Jin X, Ma Y, Huang Y, Mei H, Chu F, Zhu J. Bactericidal activity of Musca domestica cecropin (Mdc) on multidrug-resistant clinical isolate of Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 95:939-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3793-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Revised: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 11/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chen LW, Kao PH, Fu YS, Hu WP, Chang LS. Bactericidal effect of Naja nigricollis toxin γ is related to its membrane-damaging activity. Peptides 2011; 32:1755-63. [PMID: 21762738 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2011.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Revised: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to investigate the causal relationship between membrane-damaging activity and bactericidal activity of Naja nigricollis toxin γ. Toxin γ showed a similar inhibitory activity on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive bacteria) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative bacteria). Antibacterial activity of toxin γ correlated positively with increase in membrane permeability of bacterial cells. Morphological examination showed that toxin γ disrupted the integrity of bacterial membrane. Toxin γ showed similar binding capability with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA), and destabilization of LPS layer and inhibition of LTA biosynthesis on cell wall increased bactericidal effect of toxin γ on E. coli and S. aureus, respectively. Although the potency of toxin γ on permeabilizing model membrane of E. coli and S. aureus was similar, the mode of interaction between toxin γ and model membrane of E. coli and S. aureus differed. Membrane-damaging activity of toxin γ was inhibited by either LPS or LTA. Nevertheless, LPS and LTA altered differently membrane-bound conformation of toxin γ. Taken together, our data suggest that bactericidal activity of toxin γ depends on its ability to induce membrane permeability, and that LPS and LTA structurally suppresses bactericidal effect of toxin γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wen Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
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Chen LW, Kao PH, Fu YS, Lin SR, Chang LS. Membrane-damaging activity of Taiwan cobra cardiotoxin 3 is responsible for its bactericidal activity. Toxicon 2011; 58:46-53. [PMID: 21575651 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2011.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2011] [Revised: 04/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the causal relationship between membrane-damaging activity and bactericidal activity of Naja naja atra (Taiwan cobra) cardiotoxin 3 (CTX3). CTX3 showed greater inhibitory activity for the growth of Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive bacteria) relative to that of Escherichia coli (Gram-negative bacteria). The CTX3 antibacterial activity is positively correlated with the increase in membrane permeability of bacterial cells. Morphological examination showed that CTX3 disrupted bacterial membrane integrity.CTX3 showed similar binding capability with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA), and destabilization of LPS layer and inhibition of LTA biosynthesis on cell wall increased the CTX3 bactericidal effect on E. coli. and S. aureus, respectively. Compared with that of E. coli, CTX3 notably permeabilized model membrane of S. aureus. CTX3 membrane-damaging activity was inhibited by LPS and LTA, while increasing the CTX3 concentration counteracted the inhibitory action of LPS and LTA. Oxidation of Met residues on loop II of CTX3 simultaneously reduced the membrane-permeabilizing activity and bactericidal effect of CTX3. Taken together, our data indicate that CTX3 bactericidal activity depends highly on its ability to induce membrane permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wen Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
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Design, synthesis, and evaluation of a new fluorescent probe for measuring polymyxin-lipopolysaccharide binding interactions. Anal Biochem 2010; 409:273-83. [PMID: 21050838 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2010.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2010] [Revised: 10/27/2010] [Accepted: 10/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence assays employing semisynthetic or commercial dansyl-polymyxin B have been widely employed to assess the affinity of polycations, including polymyxins, for bacterial cells and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The five primary γ-amines on diaminobutyric acid residues of polymyxin B are potentially derivatized with dansyl-chloride. Mass spectrometric analysis of the commercial product revealed a complex mixture of di- or tetra-dansyl-substituted polymyxin B. We synthesized a mono-substituted fluorescent derivative, dansyl[Lys]¹polymyxin B₃. The affinity of polymyxin for purified gram-negative LPS and whole bacterial cells was investigated. The affinity of dansyl[Lys]¹polymyxin B₃ for LPS was comparable to polymyxin B and colistin, and considerably greater (K(d)<1 μM) than for whole cells (K(d)∼6-12μM). Isothermal titration calorimetric studies demonstrated exothermic enthalpically driven binding between both polymyxin B and dansyl[Lys]¹polymyxin B₃ to LPS, attributed to electrostatic interactions. The hydrophobic dansyl moiety imparted a greater entropic contribution to the dansyl[Lys]¹polymyxin B₃-LPS reaction. Molecular modeling revealed a loss of electrostatic contact within the dansyl[Lys]¹polymyxin B₃-LPS complex due to steric hindrance from the dansyl[Lys]¹ fluorophore; this corresponded with diminished antibacterial activity (MIC≥16μg/mL). Dansyl[Lys]¹polymyxin B₃ may prove useful as a screening tool for drug development.
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Expression of the antimicrobial peptide cecropin fused with human lysozyme in Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 87:2169-76. [PMID: 20499232 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-010-2606-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2010] [Revised: 04/02/2010] [Accepted: 04/05/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Lysozyme is an abundant, cationic antimicrobial protein that plays an important role in host defense. It targets the beta (1-4) glycosidic bond between N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic residues that make up peptidoglycan, making lysozyme highly active against Gram-positive bacteria. However, lysozyme alone is inactive against Gram-negative bacteria because it cannot reach the peptidoglycan layer. Cecropins are cationic molecules with a wide range of antimicrobial activities. The main target for these peptides is the cytoplasmic membrane. We resume that cecopin may disrupt the outer membrane, giving the enzyme access to the peptidoglycan in cell wall. So in the present study, novel hybrid protein combining Musca domestica cecropin (Mdc) with human lysozyme (Hly) was designed. The DNA sequence encoding recombination fusion protein Mdc-hly was cloned into the pET-32a vector for protein expression in Escherichia coli strain BL21 (DE3). The protein was expressed as a His-tagged fusion protein, and the Mdc-hly was released from the fusion by enterokinase cleavage and separated from the carrier thioredoxin. Antimicrobial activity assays showed that the recombinant fusion protein Mdc-hly has improved in vitro antimicrobial activity and action spectrum compared to Mdc and hly. Mdc-hly may have important potential application as a future safely administered human drug and food additive.
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