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Hsu TH, Hong HT, Lee GC, Hung SW, Chiu CC, Wu CP. Supplementation with goat meat extract improves exercise performance, reduces physiological fatigue, and modulates gut microbiota in mice. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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2
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Qin H, Wu H, Shen K, Liu Y, Li M, Wang H, Qiao Z, Mu Z. Fermented Minor Grain Foods: Classification, Functional Components, and Probiotic Potential. Foods 2022; 11:3155. [PMID: 37430904 PMCID: PMC9601907 DOI: 10.3390/foods11203155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fermented minor grain (MG) foods often have unique nutritional value and functional characteristics, which are important for developing dietary culture worldwide. As a kind of special raw material in fermented food, minor grains have special functional components, such as trace elements, dietary fiber, and polyphenols. Fermented MG foods have excellent nutrients, phytochemicals, and bioactive compounds and are consumed as a rich source of probiotic microbes. Thus, the purpose of this review is to introduce the latest progress in research related to the fermentation products of MGs. Specific discussion is focused on the classification of fermented MG foods and their nutritional and health implications, including studies of microbial diversity, functional components, and probiotic potential. Furthermore, this review discusses how mixed fermentation of grain mixtures is a better method for developing new functional foods to increase the nutritional value of meals based on cereals and legumes in terms of dietary protein and micronutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huibin Qin
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement of Minor Crops, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Houbin Wu
- Shennong Technology Group Co., Ltd., Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Ke Shen
- Shennong Technology Group Co., Ltd., Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Yilin Liu
- Shennong Technology Group Co., Ltd., Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Meng Li
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement of Minor Crops, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Haigang Wang
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement of Minor Crops, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Zhijun Qiao
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement of Minor Crops, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Zhixin Mu
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement of Minor Crops, Taiyuan 030031, China
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3
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Psychobiotics: the Influence of Gut Microbiota on the Gut-Brain Axis in Neurological Disorders. J Mol Neurosci 2022; 72:1952-1964. [PMID: 35849305 PMCID: PMC9289355 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-022-02053-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Nervous system disorders are one of the common problems that affect many people around the world every year. Regarding the beneficial effects of the probiotics on the gut and the gut-brain axis, their application along with current medications has been the subject of intense interest. Psychobiotics are a probiotic strain capable to affect the gut-brain axis. The effective role of Psychobiotics in several neurological disorders is documented. Consumption of the Psychobiotics containing nutrients has positive effects on the improvement of microbiota as well as alleviation of some symptoms of central nervous system (CNS) disorders. In the present study, the effects of probiotic strains on some CNS disorders in terms of controlling the disease symptoms were reviewed. Finding suggests that Psychobiotics can efficiently alleviate the symptoms of several CNS disorders such as autism spectrum disorders, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, insomnia, depression, diabetic neuropathy, and anorexia nervosa. It can be concluded that functional foods containing psychotropic strains can help to improve mental health.
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4
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Fahmy S, Nematallah KA, Mahdy NK, El-Askary HI, Meselhy MR, El-Said Azzazy HM. Enhanced Antioxidant, Antiviral, and Anticancer Activities of the Extract of Fermented Egyptian Rice Bran Complexed with Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:19545-19554. [PMID: 35721952 PMCID: PMC9202066 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Egyptian rice bran was fermented with baker's yeast, and released phenolics were extracted with aqueous methanol to give fermented rice bran extract (FRBE). The analysis of the FRBE with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry revealed 21 compounds, mainly phenolic acids and flavonoids. The FRBE was then complexed with (2-hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) via noncovalent host-guest inclusion complexation using the thin-film hydration technique to improve the hydrophilicity and bioactivity of the FRBE. The formation of the inclusion complex was confirmed using HPLC, 1H NMR, FT-IR, and a phase solubility study. In addition, the biological activities of the complex were investigated. The FRBE/HPβCD inclusion complex had more pronounced antioxidant, antiviral, and anticancer activities compared to free FRBE. These findings warrant the future investigation of potential medical applications of FRBE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif
Ashraf Fahmy
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, PO. Box 74, New Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
- School
of Life and Medical Sciences, University
of Hertfordshire, Global Academic Foundation, R5 New Garden City, New
Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Khaled A. Nematallah
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy and Microbiology, The British University in Egypt, El Sherouk, Cairo 11837, Egypt
| | - Noha Khalil Mahdy
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, PO. Box 74, New Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Hesham I. El-Askary
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Cairo University, Giza, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Meselhy Ragab Meselhy
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Cairo University, Giza, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Hassan Mohamed El-Said Azzazy
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, PO. Box 74, New Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
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5
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Li Z, Zhu H, Hua H, Liu C, Cheng Y, Guo Y, Du P, Qian H. Anti-fatigue activity of Brassica rapa L. extract and correlation among biochemical changes in forced swimming mice. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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6
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The Effect of Hot Water Extract of Tilapia on Exercise Capacity in Mice. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12052601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) has become one of the main aquatic products of Taiwan. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a hot water extract of tilapia (HWET) in relieving fatigue and enhancing exercise performance in mice in a swimming endurance test. Male ICR mice were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10 per group) and treated with either a vehicle (control group) or different doses of HWET, which were designated as HWET-L (800 mg/kg/day), HWET-M (1600 mg/kg/day), and HWET-H (4000 mg/kg/day). The results of the swimming endurance test showed that HWET treatment significantly improved exercise-induced fatigue as the swimming time of the mice increased (p < 0.05). One hour after the test, blood samples were collected from each mouse and serum biochemical parameters were measured. The serum levels of lactate, creatine kinase (CK), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were lower in mice treated with HWET compared to the control group. Moreover, HWET treatment increased serum glucose levels and glycogen content in the liver. Enhanced glutathione (GSH) content in the liver and muscle was also found in the HWET-M and HWET-H groups. Western blot results showed that the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the liver tissue was downregulated by HWET treatment. Taken together, our results demonstrate that HWET supplementation could enhance exercise performance and alleviate fatigue via biochemical profile improvements. This suggests that HWET has the potential for future development into functional foods or nutritional supplements to relieve fatigue.
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Yang M, Tao L, Zhao CC, Wang ZL, Yu ZJ, Zhou W, Wen YL, Li LF, Tian Y, Sheng J. Antifatigue Effect of Panax Notoginseng Leaves Fermented With Microorganisms: In-vitro and In-vivo Evaluation. Front Nutr 2022; 9:824525. [PMID: 35273989 PMCID: PMC8904179 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.824525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatigue is a common physiological phenomenon caused by many complicated factors. Excessive fatigue will lead to a series of uncomfortable reactions and damage body health. Panax notoginseng leaves (PNL) is a new resource food that good for soothing nerves, nourishing the heart, and strengthening the spleen. Microbial fermentation could increase the content of bio-ingredients and produce new active ingredients. However, the effect of fermented P. notoginseng leaves (FPNL) on antifatigue and the molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Thus, in this study, we evaluated the antifatigue effect of co-fermented P. notoginseng leaves by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis in-vitro and in-vivo, and its mechanism was further elucidated. The results showed that FPNL exhibited higher saponins, organic phenolic acids content, and antioxidant activity than PNL. FPNL improved ISO-induced H9c2 myocardial cell damage by alleviating apoptosis (modulating Bax and Bcl-2 protein expression) and reducing antioxidant activity in-vitro. Moreover, in-vivo experiment showed that FPNL significantly prolonged the weight-loading swimming time of mice. After gavaged FPNL, the levels of liver glycogen (LG) and serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity were increased in mice. In contrast, the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), lactate acid, and malondialdehyde (MDA) were decreased. In summary, our results indicated that FPNL showed a good antifatigue effect in-vivo and in-vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Liang Tao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National Research and Development Professional Center for Moringa Processing Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Cun-Chao Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National Research and Development Professional Center for Moringa Processing Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Zi-Lin Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhi-Jin Yu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National Research and Development Professional Center for Moringa Processing Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yan-Long Wen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Ling-Fei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Ling-Fei Li
| | - Yang Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National Research and Development Professional Center for Moringa Processing Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Yang Tian
| | - Jun Sheng
- Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Jun Sheng
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8
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Using dates (Phoenix dactylifera l.) to improve energy metabolism in fatigue-induced Sprague Dawley rats. FUTURE FOODS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fufo.2021.100077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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9
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Abstract
Several products consist of probiotics that are available in markets, and their potential uses are growing day by day, mainly because some strains of probiotics promote the health of gut microbiota, especially Furmicutes and Bacteroidetes, and may prevent certain gastrointestinal tract (GIT) problems. Some common diseases are inversely linked with the consumption of probiotics, i.e., obesity, type 2 diabetes, autism, osteoporosis, and some immunological disorders, for which the disease progression gets delayed. In addition to disease mitigating properties, these microbes also improve oral, nutritional, and intestinal health, followed by a robust defensive mechanism against particular gut pathogens, specifically by antimicrobial substances and peptides producing probiotics (AMPs). All these positive attributes of probiotics depend upon the type of microbial strains dispensed. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and Bifidobacteria are the most common microbes used, but many other microbes are available, and their use depends upon origin and health-promoting properties. This review article focuses on the most common probiotics, their health benefits, and the alleviating mechanisms against chronic kidney diseases (CKD), type 1 diabetes (T1D), type 2 diabetes (T2D), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and obesity.
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Dhong KR, Park HJ. Pediococcus Pentosaceus from the Sweet Potato Fermented Ger-Minated Brown Rice Can Inhibit Type I Hypersensitivity in RBL-2H3 Cell and BALB/c Mice Models. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9091855. [PMID: 34576749 PMCID: PMC8469544 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effect of GBR fermented with the Pediococcus pentosaceus SP024 strain on IgE/Ag mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) was investigated. Protocatechuic acid and trans-ferulic acid levels in GBR-SP024 increased more than those in unfermented GBR, respec-tively. The inhibitory activity of GBR-SP024 on β-hexosaminidase release and the level of proin-flammatory cytokine mRNA expression (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 4 (IL-4)) was observed in IgE/Ag-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells. Western blot analysis showed that GBR-SP024 significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of the linker for activation of T cell (LAT) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in IgE/Ag-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells. Further, we investigated the anti-allergic effect of GBR-SP024 using PCA murine model. The number of infiltrated immune cells and degranulated mast cells in GBR-SP024 treated dermis was lower than that in the GBR-treated mice. In addition, mRNA expression of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) in the dermis of ear tissue declined in the GBR-SP024–treated group, compared to that in the GBR group. GBR-SP024 was also more effective than GBR at reducing the levels of IL-33 protein expression in IgE/Ag-stimulated BALB/c mice. Our study suggests the potential usage of GBR-SP024 as a dietary supplement or an adjuvant for treating IgE-dependent-allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Ree Dhong
- Department of Life Science, College of BioNano, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Korea;
| | - Hye-Jin Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-750-5382
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11
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Chen YJ, Kuo CY, Kong ZL, Lai CY, Chen GW, Yang AJ, Lin LH, Wang MF. Anti-Fatigue Effect of a Dietary Supplement from the Fermented By-Products of Taiwan Tilapia Aquatic Waste and Monostroma nitidum Oligosaccharide Complex. Nutrients 2021; 13:1688. [PMID: 34063516 PMCID: PMC8156273 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Taiwan Tilapia is an important aquaculture product in Taiwan. The aquatic by-products generated during Tilapia processing, such as fish bones and skin, are rich in minerals and protein. We aimed to explore the effect of a dietary supplement, comprising a mixture of fermented Tilapia by-products and Monostroma nitidum oligosaccharides as the raw materials, combined with physical training on exercise performance and fatigue. We used a mouse model that displays a phenotype of accelerated aging. Male senescence-accelerated mouse prone-8 (SAMP8) mice were divided into two control groups-with or without physical training-and supplemented with different doses (0.5 times: 412 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day; 1 time: 824 mg/kg BW/day; 2 times: 1648 mg/kg BW/day) of fermented Tilapia by-products and Monostroma nitidum oligosaccharide-containing mixture and combined with exercise training groups. Exercise performance was determined by testing forelimb grip strength and with a weight-bearing exhaustive swimming test. Animals were sacrificed to collect physical fatigue-related biomarkers. Mice dosed at 824 or 1648 mg/kg BW/day showed improvement in their exercise performance (p < 0.05). In terms of biochemical fatigue indicators, supplementation of 824 or 1648 mg/kg BW/day doses of test substances could effectively reduce blood urea nitrogen concentration and lactate concentration and increase the lactate ratio (p < 0.05) and liver glycogen content post-exercise (p < 0.05). Based on the above results, the combination of physical training and consumption of a dietary supplementation mixture of fermented Tilapia by-products and Monostroma nitidum oligosaccharides could improve the exercise performance of mice and help achieve an anti-fatigue effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ju Chen
- Bachelor Program in Health Care and Social Work for Indigenous Students, College of Humanities & Social Sciences, Providence University, Shalu Dist., Taichung 43301, Taiwan; (Y.-J.C.); (A.-J.Y.)
| | - Chun-Yen Kuo
- Department of Social Work and Child Welfare, Providence University, Shalu Dist., Taichung 43301, Taiwan;
| | - Zwe-Ling Kong
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, No.2, Pei-Ning Road, Jhongjheng Dist., Keelung 20224, Taiwan; (Z.-L.K.); (G.-W.C.)
| | - Chin-Ying Lai
- Master Program in Social Enterprises & Cultural Creativity, College of Humanities & Social Sciences, Providence University, Shalu Dist., Taichung 43301, Taiwan;
| | - Guan-Wen Chen
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, No.2, Pei-Ning Road, Jhongjheng Dist., Keelung 20224, Taiwan; (Z.-L.K.); (G.-W.C.)
| | - An-Jen Yang
- Bachelor Program in Health Care and Social Work for Indigenous Students, College of Humanities & Social Sciences, Providence University, Shalu Dist., Taichung 43301, Taiwan; (Y.-J.C.); (A.-J.Y.)
| | - Liang-Hung Lin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Shalu Dist., Taichung 43301, Taiwan
- Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tanzi Dist., Taichung 42743, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Fu Wang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Shalu Dist., Taichung 43301, Taiwan
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12
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Chang YB, Hong KB, Kim MG, Suh HJ, Jo K. Effect of the protein hydrolysate of rice syrup meal on the endurance exercise performance of BALB/c mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:1338-1348. [PMID: 33448266 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02667k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Rice is a staple food in Korea. The protein in rice reportedly contains higher levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) than proteins in other grains. Taking BCAAs during exercise can reduce muscle fatigue by reducing muscle glycogen depletion. However, there are limited studies reporting the anti-fatigue effect of rice protein. We investigate the muscular endurance and anti-fatigue effects of the protein hydrolysate of rice syrup meal in mouse models. BALB/C mice were divided into the following groups: control (CON), low and high dose rice syrup meal (RL: 1.5 g kg-1; RH: 3.0 g kg-1), and low and high dose protein hydrolysate of rice syrup meal (PL: 1.5 g kg-1; PH: 3.0 g kg-1). The total activity during a forced swimming test was analyzed by a behavioral assay. The mutual relationship between the anti-fatigue activity and energy metabolism was assessed by biochemical, enzyme activity, and gene expression analyses. The protein hydrolysate of rice syrup meal contained 32.18 mg g-1 BCAAs, such as leucine, isoleucine, and valine, and its BCAA ratio (2.5 : 1.0 : 1.4) was considered effective for endurance exercise. Furthermore, PH administration significantly increased the change in the maximum swimming duration by 4.2 min (3.77 ± 0.74 min) compared to that of the CON group (-0.42 ± 0.55 min, p < 0.01). The PH group showed significantly different changes in the blood glucose and lactate levels compared with the CON group; similarly, the aspartate amino transferase and alanine amino transferase levels were significantly lower in the protein hydrolysate of rice syrup meal group than the CON group (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively). The protein hydrolysate of rice syrup meal-mediated improvement of endurance performance was accompanied by an increased in adenosine triphosphate content in the muscle and decreased reactive oxygen species accumulation in the liver. In addition, mRNA and protein levels of phospho-AMP activated protein kinase (p-AMPK)/AMPK and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1-α), the major energy-related factors of protein hydrolysate of rice syrup meal, were significantly increased. The protein hydrolysate of rice syrup meal can be utilized as an efficacious natural resource for its muscular-endurance-enhancing and anti-fatigue effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeok Boo Chang
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki-Bae Hong
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min Guk Kim
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyung Joo Suh
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyungae Jo
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Spaggiari M, Dall’Asta C, Galaverna G, del Castillo Bilbao MD. Rice Bran By-Product: From Valorization Strategies to Nutritional Perspectives. Foods 2021; 10:E85. [PMID: 33406743 PMCID: PMC7824317 DOI: 10.3390/foods10010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to review the innovative techniques based on bioprocessing, thermal or physical treatments which have been proposed during the last few decades to convert rice bran into a valuable food ingredient. Rice bran (Oryza sativa) is the main by-product of rice grain processing. It is produced in large quantities worldwide and it contains a high amount of valuable nutrients and bioactive compounds with significant health-related properties. Despite that, its application in food industry is still scarce because of its sensitivity to oxidation processes, instability and poor technological suitability. Furthermore, the health-related effects of pretreated rice bran are also presented in this review, considering the up-to-date literature focused on both in vivo and in vitro studies. Moreover, in relation to this aspect, a brief description of rice bran arabinoxylans is provided. Finally, the application of rice bran in the food industry and the main technology aspects are concisely summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Spaggiari
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 17/A, 43121 Parma, Italy; (M.S.); (C.D.); (G.G.)
| | - Chiara Dall’Asta
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 17/A, 43121 Parma, Italy; (M.S.); (C.D.); (G.G.)
| | - Gianni Galaverna
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 17/A, 43121 Parma, Italy; (M.S.); (C.D.); (G.G.)
| | - María Dolores del Castillo Bilbao
- Food Bioscience Group, Department of Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Calle Nicolás Cabrera, 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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14
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Del Toro-Barbosa M, Hurtado-Romero A, Garcia-Amezquita LE, García-Cayuela T. Psychobiotics: Mechanisms of Action, Evaluation Methods and Effectiveness in Applications with Food Products. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3896. [PMID: 33352789 PMCID: PMC7767237 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut-brain-microbiota axis consists of a bilateral communication system that enables gut microbes to interact with the brain, and the latter with the gut. Gut bacteria influence behavior, and both depression and anxiety symptoms are directly associated with alterations in the microbiota. Psychobiotics are defined as probiotics that confer mental health benefits to the host when ingested in a particular quantity through interaction with commensal gut bacteria. The action mechanisms by which bacteria exert their psychobiotic potential has not been completely elucidated. However, it has been found that these bacteria provide their benefits mostly through the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the immune response and inflammation, and through the production of neurohormones and neurotransmitters. This review aims to explore the different approaches to evaluate the psychobiotic potential of several bacterial strains and fermented products. The reviewed literature suggests that the consumption of psychobiotics could be considered as a viable option to both look after and restore mental health, without undesired secondary effects, and presenting a lower risk of allergies and less dependence compared to psychotropic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tomás García-Cayuela
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Avenida General Ramón Corona 2514, 45138 Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico; (M.D.T.-B.); (A.H.-R.); (L.E.G.-A.)
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15
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Kim S, Park J, Shin J, You Y, Kim OK, Lee J, Chung JW, Shim S, Kim K, Jun W. Ethanolic Extract of Vaccinium corymbosum Alleviates Muscle Fatigue in Mice. J Med Food 2020; 23:1225-1229. [PMID: 33170760 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2020.4753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ethanol extracts of Vaccinium corymbosum (VCE) on exercise-induced fatigue in mice. Mice were randomly divided into three groups; nonexercise control group (CON), exercise control group (Ex-CON), and exercise and VCE supplementation group (Ex-VCE). Compared with Ex-CON, Ex-VCE showed increased endurance exercise capacity on day 21. In Ex-VCE mice, the accumulation of lactate was inhibited and the consumption of fatty acids was enhanced, indicating the delay of muscle fatigue. In addition, VCE supplementation elevated mRNA expression levels of mitochondrial biogenesis-associated genes such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-1γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), nuclear respiratory factor (NRF), and mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam) and fatty acid β-oxidation-associated genes such as carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1), β-hydroxyacyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase (β-HAD), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-δ (PPAR-δ). These results suggest that VCE can potentially prevent muscle fatigue by enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid β-oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintae Kim
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jeongjin Park
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.,Research Institute for Human Ecology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jinseop Shin
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yanghee You
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ok-Kyung Kim
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jeongmin Lee
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Jin Woong Chung
- Department of Biological Science, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Sangin Shim
- Division of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Kyungmi Kim
- Department of Biofood Analysis, Bio Campus of Korea Polytechnic, Ganggyung, Korea
| | - Woojin Jun
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.,Research Institute for Human Ecology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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16
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Oh W, Jung J, Choi Y, Mun J, Ku S, Song C. Protective effects of fermented rice extract on ulcerative colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate in mice. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:1718-1728. [PMID: 32180979 PMCID: PMC7063356 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), characterized by the gut mucosal ulceration. Growing evidence indicates that dysregulation of immune response to the commensal microbiota involves the pathogenesis of IBD. Previous studies have demonstrated the favorable probiotic effects of fermented rice extracts through triple fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Weissella cibaria (FRe). Thus, the therapeutic potential of FRe for UC was examined. Dextran sodium sulfate UC mice model was orally administered distilled water as a control, sulfasalazine, or FRe at 300, 200, and 100 mg/kg, once a day for a week. The UC control exhibited body weight loss, bloody stools, and colonic shortening. However, the FRe, especially at 300 mg/kg, led to a reduction in weight loss, disease activity index scores, and colon weight, and an increase in colorectal length. The histopathological analyses revealed mild changes involved in the colonic crypt and mucosal damages in the FRe groups, along with inhibited inflammation. Indeed, the FRe reduced neutrophil infiltration and production of proinflammatory cytokines (i.e., tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6/-8). This was accompanied by the down-regulation of nuclear factor-kappa B. The gene expression responsible for the intestinal barrier integrity (i.e., Zonna occludens-1/-2, Claudin-1, Occludin, Mucin-1/-2) was up-regulated in the FRe groups. In addition, the FRe reduced lipid peroxidation and enhanced antioxidant activity. Interestingly, the microbiota dysbiosis was attenuated in the FRe groups, and the number of beneficial bacteria, Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria, was increased. It suggests that the FRe potently ameliorate UC as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won‐Seok Oh
- Department of Veterinary Internal MedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguKorea
| | - Jae‐Chul Jung
- Life Science Research InstituteNOVAREX CO., Ltd.CheongjuKorea
| | - Yong‐Min Choi
- Life Science Research InstituteNOVAREX CO., Ltd.CheongjuKorea
| | - Ju‐Young Mun
- Life Science Research InstituteNOVAREX CO., Ltd.CheongjuKorea
| | - Sae‐Kwang Ku
- Department of Anatomy and HistologyCollege of Korean MedicineDaegu Haany UniversityGyeongsanKorea
- Research Center for Herbal Convergence on Liver DiseaseGyeongsanKorea
| | - Chang‐Hyun Song
- Department of Anatomy and HistologyCollege of Korean MedicineDaegu Haany UniversityGyeongsanKorea
- Research Center for Herbal Convergence on Liver DiseaseGyeongsanKorea
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17
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Yang Z, Sunil C, Jayachandran M, Zheng X, Cui K, Su Y, Xu B. Anti-fatigue effect of aqueous extract of Hechong (Tylorrhynchus heterochaetus) via AMPK linked pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 135:111043. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.111043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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18
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Chen HC, Huang CC, Lin TJ, Hsu MC, Hsu YJ. Ubiquinol Supplementation Alters Exercise Induced Fatigue by Increasing Lipid Utilization in Mice. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112550. [PMID: 31652711 PMCID: PMC6893484 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquinol (QH), a reduced form of coenzyme Q10, is a lipid antioxidant that is hydro-soluble and is commonly formulated in commercial supplements. Ubiquinol has been increasingly reported to exert antioxidant functions, in addition to its role in the cell energy-producing system of mitochondria and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. The aim of this study was to assess the potential beneficial effects of QH on anti-fatigue and ergogenic functions following physiological challenge. Forty 8-week-old male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were divided into four groups (n = 10 for each group): Group 1 (vehicle control or oil only); Group 2 (1X QH dose or 102.5 mg/kg); Group 3 (2X QH dose or 205 mg/kg); Group 4 (6X QH dose or 615 mg/kg). Anti-fatigue activity and exercise performance were studied using the forelimb grip strength experiment and exhaustive weight-loaded swimming time, and levels of serum lactate, ammonia, glucose, BUN (blood urea nitrogen), creatine kinase (CK), and free fatty acids (FFA) after an acute exercise challenge. The forelimb grip strength and exhaustive weight-loaded swimming time of the QH-6X group were significantly higher than those of the other groups. QH supplementation dose-dependently reduced serum lactate, ammonia, and CK levels and increased the FFA concentration after acute exercise. In addition, QH increased the liver and muscle glycogen content, an important energy source during exercise. Therefore, the results suggest that QH formulation is a safe dietary supplement for amelioration of fatigue and for promoting exercise performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Chieh Chen
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei 11696, Taiwan.
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Chang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan.
| | - Tien-Jen Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei 11696, Taiwan.
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Mei-Chich Hsu
- Department of Sports Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
- Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Ju Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan.
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19
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Tung YT, Wu MF, Lee MC, Wu JH, Huang CC, Huang WC. Antifatigue Activity and Exercise Performance of Phenolic-Rich Extracts from Calendula officinalis, Ribes nigrum, and Vaccinium myrtillus. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11081715. [PMID: 31349650 PMCID: PMC6722806 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Calendula officinalis, Ribes nigrum, and Vaccinium myrtillus (CRV) possess a high phenolic compound content with excellent antioxidant activity. Dietary antioxidants can reduce exercise-induced oxidative stress. Consumption of large amounts of phenolic compounds is positively correlated with reduction in exercise-induced muscle damage. Research for natural products to improve exercise capacity, relieve fatigue, and accelerate fatigue alleviation is ongoing. Here, CRV containing a large total phenolic content (13.4 mg/g of CRV) demonstrated antioxidant activity. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography quantification revealed 1.95 ± 0.02 mg of salidroside in 1 g of CRV. In the current study, CRV were administered to mice for five weeks, and the antifatigue effect of CRV was evaluated using the forelimb grip strength test; weight-loaded swimming test; and measurement of fatigue-related biochemical indicators, such as blood lactate, ammonia, glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatine kinase (CK) activity; and muscle and liver glycogen content. The results indicated that in CRV-treated mice, the forelimb grip strength significantly increased; weight-loaded swimming time prolonged; their lactate, ammonia, BUN, and CK activity decreased, and muscle and liver glucose and glycogen content increased compared with the vehicle group. Thus, CRV have antifatigue activity and can increase exercise tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tang Tung
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Fang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
| | - Mon-Chien Lee
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Horng Wu
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Ching Huang
- Department of Exercise and Health Science, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 11219, Taiwan.
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20
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Verni M, Rizzello CG, Coda R. Fermentation Biotechnology Applied to Cereal Industry By-Products: Nutritional and Functional Insights. Front Nutr 2019; 6:42. [PMID: 31032259 PMCID: PMC6473998 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2019.00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cereals are one of the major food sources in human diet and a large quantity of by-products is generated throughout their processing chain. These by-products mostly consist of the germ and outer layers (bran), deriving from dry and wet milling of grains, brewers' spent grain originating from brewing industry, or others originating during bread-making and starch production. Cereal industry by-products are rich in nutrients, but still they end up as feed, fuel, substrates for biorefinery, or waste. The above uses, however, only provide a partial recycle. Although cereal processing industry side streams can potentially provide essential compounds for the diet, their use in food production is limited by their challenging technological properties. For this reason, the development of innovative biotechnologies is essential to upgrade these by-products, potentially leading to the design of novel and commercially competitive functional foods. Fermentation has been proven as a very feasible option to enhance the technological, sensory, and especially nutritional and functional features of the cereal industry by-products. Through the increase of minerals, phenolics and vitamins bioavailability, proteins digestibility, and the degradation of antinutritional compounds as phytic acid, fermentation can lead to improved nutritional quality of the matrix. In some cases, more compelling benefits have been discovered, such as the synthesis of bioactive compounds acting as antimicrobial, antitumoral, antioxidant agents. When used for baked-goods manufacturing, fermented cereal by-products have enhanced their nutritional profile. The key factor of a successful use of cereal by-products in food applications is the use of a proper bioprocessing technology, including fermentation with selected starters. In the journey toward a more efficient food chain, biotechnological approaches for the valorization of agricultural side streams can be considered a very valuable help.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Verni
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Rossana Coda
- Department of Food and Environmental Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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21
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Yu Y, Zhang J, Wang J, Sun B. The anti-cancer activity and potential clinical application of rice bran extracts and fermentation products. RSC Adv 2019; 9:18060-18069. [PMID: 35520585 PMCID: PMC9064785 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02439e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice bran is the main by-product of rice processing and contains approximately 64% of the nutrients in rice. Its various nutrient elements include rice bran proteins, oil, oryzanol, vitamins, polysaccharides, etc. The use of fermented technology can increase the content of bioactive peptides, promote the absorption efficiency, and further improve the functionality and added value of rice bran. In recent years, the nutritional value and function of the extracts and fermented products of rice bran have been emphatically studied. Rice bran extracts and fermentation products serve a critical role in the anti-inflammatory reaction, reducing the plasma lipid effect and increasing anti-cancer activity. Moreover, few review studies have been reported on the anti-cancer activity and potential mechanism of action of rice bran extract and its fermentation products. In this review, we focused on the anti-cancer function, mechanisms, and potential clinical usage of rice bran extracts and fermentation products in the adjuvant therapy of cancer patients. Extracts and fermentation products of rice bran serve important roles in mediating inflammation, cell cycel, cell apotosis, and cancer prevention.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing)
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives
- Beijing Technology & Business University
- Beijing 100048
| | - Jingjie Zhang
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Development
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Beijing 100081
- China
| | - Jing Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing)
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives
- Beijing Technology & Business University
- Beijing 100048
| | - Baogao Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing)
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives
- Beijing Technology & Business University
- Beijing 100048
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevin Şanlier
- Biruni University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics Department, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Büşra Başar Gökcen
- Gazi University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aybüke Ceyhun Sezgin
- Gazi University, Faculty of Tourism, Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Art, Gölbaşı/Ankara, Turkey
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23
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Moon S, Lee MS, Jung S, Kang B, Kim SY, Park S, Son HY, Kim CT, Jo YH, Kim IH, Kim YS, Kim Y. High Hydrostatic Pressure Extract of Ginger Exerts Antistress Effects in Immobilization-Stressed Rats. J Med Food 2017; 20:864-872. [PMID: 28737969 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.3955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress contributes to physiological changes such as weight loss and hormonal imbalances. The aim of the present study was to investigate antistress effects of high hydrostatic pressure extract of ginger (HPG) in immobilization-stressed rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 24) were divided into three groups as follows: control (C), immobilization stress (2 h daily, for 2 weeks) (S), and immobilization stress (2 h daily, for 2 weeks) plus oral administration of HPG (150 mg/kg body weight/day) (S+G). Immobilization stress reduced the body weight gain and thymus weight by 50.2% and 31.3%, respectively, compared to the control group. The levels of serum aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and corticosterone were significantly higher in the stress group, compared to the control group. Moreover, immobilization stress elevated the mRNA levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (Th), dopamine beta-hydroxylase (Dbh), and cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage (P450scc), which are related to catecholamine and corticosterone synthesis in the adrenal gland. HPG administration also increased the body weight gain and thymus weight by 12.7% and 16.6%, respectively, compared to the stress group. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of Th, Dbh, phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase, and P450scc were elevated by the HPG treatment when compared to the stress group. These results suggest that HPG would have antistress effects partially via the reversal of stress-induced physiological changes and suppression of mRNA expression of genes related to corticosterone and catecholamine synthetic enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohee Moon
- 1 Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, College of Science and Industry Convergence, Ewha Womans University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Mak-Soon Lee
- 1 Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, College of Science and Industry Convergence, Ewha Womans University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunyoon Jung
- 1 Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, College of Science and Industry Convergence, Ewha Womans University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Bori Kang
- 1 Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, College of Science and Industry Convergence, Ewha Womans University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Seog-Young Kim
- 1 Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, College of Science and Industry Convergence, Ewha Womans University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Seonyoung Park
- 1 Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, College of Science and Industry Convergence, Ewha Womans University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye-Yeon Son
- 1 Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, College of Science and Industry Convergence, Ewha Womans University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Chong-Tai Kim
- 2 Research Group of Bioprocess Engineering, Korea Food Research Institute , Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - Young-Hee Jo
- 2 Research Group of Bioprocess Engineering, Korea Food Research Institute , Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - In-Hwan Kim
- 3 Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Soon Kim
- 3 Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Yangha Kim
- 1 Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, College of Science and Industry Convergence, Ewha Womans University , Seoul, Korea
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Zhong L, Zhao L, Yang F, Yang W, Sun Y, Hu Q. Evaluation of anti-fatigue property of the extruded product of cereal grains mixed with Cordyceps militaris on mice. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2017; 14:15. [PMID: 28588427 PMCID: PMC5457539 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-017-0171-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatigue is a biological phenomenon that involves a feeling of extreme physical or mental tiredness that could potentially cause some severe chronic diseases. Recently, diet therapy has provided a new alternative to alleviate physical fatigue. In our previous study, addition of Cordyceps militaris (C. militaris) into an extruded product was shown to provide high nutrition and unique flavors; however, little is known whether this product has some scientific evidence regarding anti-fatigue property. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-fatigue effects of extruded products of cereal grains (EC) and EC mixed with C. militaris (ECC). METHODS The mice were divided into seven groups: one group received distilled water (Control group, n = 20), and the other groups received different dosages of EC (5, 10 and 20 g/kg body weight, n = 20 per group) or of ECC (5, 10 and 20 g/kg body weight, n = 20 per group) solution in water. All of the mice were administered with distilled water, EC or ECC continuously for 30 days by gavage and the anti-fatigue activity was evaluated using a weight-loaded swimming test, along with assessments of fatigue-related indicators. The mode of fighting fatigue was investigated by determining changes in exercise endurance and biochemical markers, including exhaustive swimming time, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), blood lactic acid (BLA), creatine kinase (CK), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and hepatic and muscle glycogen levels. RESULTS EC and ECC prolonged the swimming endurance time of mice compared to the control. The content of BLA at high dose of ECC group (20 g/kg) was significantly lower than that in the negative control group. CK, BUN and MDA levels were significantly reduced by treatment with EC and ECC compared to the negative control, while the low and middle dose of EC had no significant effect on MDA levels. Additionally, only the middle and high dose of EC (10, 20 g/kg) could significantly decrease the BUN level. EC and ECC treatments increased glycogen, LDH, SOD, CAT and GSH-Px levels. Low and middle dose of EC had no significant effects on muscle glycogen. Moreover, low dose of EC could increase the level of SOD but it was not statistically significant. Compared to the EC treatment groups, ECC demonstrated the efficacy of anti-fatigue potential, particularly at a high dose of ECC, the best performance in relieving fatigue. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that EC and ECC could prevent exercise-induced fatigue in mice and ECC provided a better effect. In addition, C. militaris in ECC might play a crucial role in the anti-fatigue activity of ECC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Liyan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Fangmei Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Wenjian Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, 210023 China
| | - Yong Sun
- Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing, 100068 China
| | - Qiuhui Hu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
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25
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Gan RY, Li HB, Gunaratne A, Sui ZQ, Corke H. Effects of Fermented Edible Seeds and Their Products on Human Health: Bioactive Components and Bioactivities. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2017; 16:489-531. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ren-You Gan
- Dept. of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology; Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ.; Shanghai 200240 China
- School of Biological Sciences; The Univ. of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health; Sun Yat-sen Univ.; Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Anil Gunaratne
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences; Sabaragamuwa Univ. of Sri Lanka; P.O. Box 02 Belihuloya Sri Lanka
| | - Zhong-Quan Sui
- Dept. of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology; Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ.; Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Harold Corke
- Dept. of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology; Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ.; Shanghai 200240 China
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Anti-Fatigue Effects of the Unique Polysaccharide Marker of Dendrobium officinale on BALB/c Mice. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22010155. [PMID: 28106808 PMCID: PMC6155575 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrobium officinale extract shows potent anti-fatigue effects; however, the active substance responsible for these effects remains undetermined. A glucomannan with a huge molecular size of 730 kDa, called DOP, was identified as the unique authentication marker of this expensive herb. DOP exhibited immunomodulating effects on macrophages and lymphocytes in our previous study. Clinical reports also showed that people with fatigue syndrome have a disturbed immune system. Because DOP is the unique and dominant component of D. officinale, we hypothesize that DOP may also have anti-fatigue activity. The present study aims to evaluate the anti-fatigue activity of DOP on BALB/c mice, with Rhodiola rosea extract as a positive control. DOP and Rhodiola rosea extract were orally administered at doses of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, respectively, for four weeks, and the anti-fatigue activity of DOP on BALB/c mice was evaluated using the weight-loaded swimming test. The contents of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosphokinase (CK), triglyceride (TG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), lactic acid (LD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in serum, glycogen of liver and gastrocnemius muscle were also determined. Their effects on variability of T cells and B cells were determined by using tetrazolium compound (MTS) method. The weight-loaded swimming exercise caused fatigue syndrome, mainly including the decreases of serum SOD/GSH-Px and gastrocnemius glycogen, as well as the increases of LDH, BUN, MDA, CK, TG, and LD in serum. All of these indicators of fatigue were inhibited to a certain extent by both DOP and Rhodiola rosea extract; however, the effects of DOP were much stronger than those of Rhodiola rosea extract. Compared to the positive control, mice dosed with DOP showed increases in endurance, body weight, and food intake. Furthermore, DOP-feeding mice significantly increased the cell variability of T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes, compared with that of mice in control group. This study indicates that the unique and dominant polysaccharide DOP of D. officinale has stronger anti-fatigue activity than Rhodiola rosea extract. As such, DOP has promising potential for pharmaceutical development into health products to reduce fatigue.
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Ho CS, Tung YT, Kung WM, Huang WC, Leung WK, Huang CC, Wu JH. Effect of Coriolus versicolor Mycelia Extract on Exercise Performance and Physical Fatigue in Mice. Int J Med Sci 2017; 14:1110-1117. [PMID: 29104465 PMCID: PMC5666542 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.20547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, Coriolus versicolor mycelia (CVM) was evaluated the ergogenic and anti-fatigue activities. Male ICR mice were divided into four groups (n = 8/group) to receive vehicle or CVM by oral gavage for 4 weeks at 0, 615, 1230 or 3075 mg/kg/day, which were respectively designated the vehicle, CVM-1X, CVM-2X and CVM-5X groups. Forelimb grip strength, endurance swimming time, and levels of physical fatigue-associated parameters serum lactate, ammonia, glucose and creatine kinase (CK) after physical challenge were performed to evaluate exercise performance and anti-fatigue activity. Results revealed that the forelimb grip strength of mice in group CVM-1X, CVM-2X and CVM-5X were significantly increased by 1.20-, 1.18- and 1.23-fold, respectively, compared to the vehicle group. After the 15 minute swimming exercise, the levels of serum lactate of CVM-1X, CVM-2X and CVM-5X groups were significantly lower than the vehicle control group by 29%, 23% and 31%, respectively. The levels of ammonia in CVM-1X, CVM-2X and CVM-5X groups were significantly lowered by 22%, 25% and 41%, respectively, compared to the vehicle control group. In addition, the levels of serum CK in CVM-2X and CVM-5X groups were significantly lowered by 13% and 11%, respectively, compared to the vehicle control group. Accordingly, the supplementation with CVM has beneficial effects on performance improvement and anti-fatigue activity, and thus has great potential as a source for natural health products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Sheng Ho
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Lo-Hsu Foundation, Inc., Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan 26546, Taiwan
- College of Exercise and Health Sciences, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tang Tung
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Woon-Man Kung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lo-Hsu Foundation, Inc., Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan 26546, Taiwan; Department of Exercise and Health Promotion, College of Education, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ching Huang
- Graduate Institute of Athletics and Coaching Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
| | - Wing-Ki Leung
- Graduate Institute of Athletics and Coaching Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chang Huang
- College of Exercise and Health Sciences, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- ✉ Corresponding authors: (C.-C. Huang); (J.-H. Wu)
| | - Jyh-Horng Wu
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- ✉ Corresponding authors: (C.-C. Huang); (J.-H. Wu)
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Fermented rice bran supplementation mitigates metabolic syndrome in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:442. [PMID: 27821167 PMCID: PMC5100310 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1427-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous study shown that enzyme treated-rice bran effectively improved hypertension and glucose intolerance in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP). However, dual fermentation of rice bran's efficacy against metabolic syndrome in SHRSP is still unknown. METHODS Fermented rice bran (FRB) was prepared by dual fermentation of rice bran using fungi and lactic acid bacteria. The effect of FRB on metabolic syndrome in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) was investigated by single and chronic supplementation. RESULTS Dual fermentation of rice bran enriches the functional value of rice bran. Single-dose oral administration of FRB (2 g/kg body weight) reduced systolic blood pressure; however, chronic supplementation with 5 % FRB (4 weeks) significantly reduced both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. FRB supplementation improved leptin impairment and increased serum adiponectin levels and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity. Furthermore, FRB supplementation improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity as well as serum insulin levels. Lipid profiles were also improved by the regulation of 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase activation. Moreover, supplementation with FRB reduced the expressions of hepatic transcription factors such as liver X receptor alpha, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c, and carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein alpha, as well as their target genes. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with FRB may lower hypertension and alleviate metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSION Metabolic syndrome was better alleviated with FRB supplementation. We therefore suggest FRB as an alternative medicine to reduce the risks of lifestyle-related diseases.
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Nam SY, Kim HM, Jeong HJ. Anti-fatigue effect by active dipeptides of fermented porcine placenta through inhibiting the inflammatory and oxidative reactions. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:51-59. [PMID: 27636512 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, we reported an anti-fatigue effect of fermented porcine placenta (FPP). Glycine-leucine (GL) and leucine-glycine (LG) dipeptides are main peptides of FPP. However, the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of GL and LG dipeptides on fatigue are still unclear. METHODS Herein, we examined the anti-fatigue properties of GL and LG dipeptides using RAW264.7 macrophages and forced swimming test (FST) animal model. RESULTS Our data revealed that lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-6 productions were markedly inhibited by GL or LG in RAW264.7 macrophages without inducing cytotoxicity. LPS-enhanced nitric oxide (NO) production and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression were inhibited by GL or LG, whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were significantly enhanced by GL or LG in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. The present study also figured out that these effects of GL and LG were mediated by blockade of caspase-1 and nuclear factor-κB activation. In FST-induced fatigue mouse model, the mice which received the GL or LG for 21days showed significant decreases of IL-1β, IL-6, and NO serum levels. Treatment with GL or LG significantly enhanced levels of SOD and glycogen and significantly lowered levels of lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate transaminase, and alanine transaminase. CONCLUSION Taken together, our results indicated that GL and LG dipeptides, active components of FPP, should be considered as candidate of anti-fatigue agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Young Nam
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Min Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun-Ja Jeong
- Department of Food Technology and Inflammatory Disease Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan, Chungnam, 31499, Republic of Korea.
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Yang Q, Jin W, Lv X, Dai P, Ao Y, Wu M, Deng W, Yu L. Effects of macamides on endurance capacity and anti-fatigue property in prolonged swimming mice. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2015; 54:827-834. [PMID: 26453017 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1087036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Lepidium meyenii Walp. (Brassicaceae), most commonly known as "maca", has been used as a food or folk medicine to improve vitality in Peru. Previous research demonstrated that lipid-soluble extract from maca improved swimming endurance capacity. Macamides are considered the typical lipid-soluble markers for maca and proved to have several pharmacological properties, such as improving sexual performance and neuroprotective activies. OBJECTIVE The present study investigates the effects of macamides on endurance capacity and anti-fatigue property in prolonged swimming mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Balb/c mice were divided into seven groups: a control group, low-dose groups of N-benzyllinoleamide, N-benzyloleamide, and N-benzylpalmitamide, high-dose groups of these macamides. The macamides groups received the commercial products (12 and 40 mg/kg, ig), while the control group received vehicle for 21 d. On the 14th day, the mice were given the weight-loaded swimming test. On the 21st day, the mice were sacrificed immediately after 90 min swimming, and some biochemical parameters were measured. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Compared with the control group, exhaustive swimming time was significantly prolonged in high-dose group of N-benzyloleamide (p < 0.05); the levels of lactic acid (LD), blood ammonia (BA), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were significantly decreased (p < 0.05), whereas the levels of liver glycogen (LG) and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) were significantly increased (p < 0.05) in high-dose group of N-benzyloleamide. The malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in the brain, muscle, and liver were significantly decreased (p < 0.05), whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activities in the brain, muscle, and liver were significantly increased in high-dose group of N-benzyloleamide (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The results indicate that N-benzyloleamide has pharmaceutical property against exercise-induced fatigue, and this effect can be explained by the modulated energy metabolism and improved antioxidant status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yang
- a Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology , College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
- b School of Physical Education and Sport , Central China Normal University , Wuhan , China
| | - Wenwen Jin
- a Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology , College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
- c Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics , Ministry of Education , Wuhan , China , and
- d Wuhan Huashite Industrial Biotechnology Development Co. Ltd. , Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology , Wuhan , China
| | - Xueyuan Lv
- a Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology , College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Pengfei Dai
- a Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology , College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
- d Wuhan Huashite Industrial Biotechnology Development Co. Ltd. , Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology , Wuhan , China
| | - Yanxiao Ao
- a Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology , College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Mengying Wu
- a Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology , College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Wenjing Deng
- a Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology , College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
| | - Longjiang Yu
- a Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology , College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , China
- c Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics , Ministry of Education , Wuhan , China , and
- d Wuhan Huashite Industrial Biotechnology Development Co. Ltd. , Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology , Wuhan , China
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Mehdi BJ, Tabassum S, Haider S, Perveen T, Nawaz A, Haleem DJ. Nootropic and anti-stress effects of rice bran oil in male rats. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2015; 52:4544-50. [PMID: 26139923 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-014-1489-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rice bran oil (RBO) is an important product of rice bran. It is considered to be one of the most important nutritious oil due to its favorable fatty acid composition and unique composition of naturally occurring biologically active antioxidant compounds. This study was designed to monitor the effects of oral intake of RBO on stress response in rats. RBO was extracted using hexane. Rats were divided into Control and test (RBO-treated). RBO-treated rats were given 0.2 ml/day RBO for 6 weeks. Food intake and body weight changes were monitored weekly. After 6 weeks open field activity and Morris Water Maze (MWM) test were performed. Results showed that weekly cumulative food intake but not body weight were lower in RBO-treated rats during 1st to 5th week of treatment, which were normalized at the end of treatment. Exploratory activity of RBO-treated rats in an open field was increased. Spatial memory in Morris water maze was enhanced in RBO-treated than control rats. An episode of 2 h restraint stress decreased the 24 h food intake of both control and RBO-treated animals. Behavioral deficits were lower in RBO-treated rats. Exposure of 2 h restraint stress increased brain serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine: 5-HT) metabolism. These increases were lower in RBO-treated restrained than their respective control animals. Serotonergic neurotransmitter mechanism is implicated in stress. The findings of the study show beneficial effects of RBO in learning and memory functions. Moreover, the study also highlights the attenuating effect of RBO on stress induced behavioral and neurochemical effects in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Jabeen Mehdi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, 75300 Pakistan
| | - Saiqa Tabassum
- Department of Biochemistry, Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270 Pakistan
| | - Saida Haider
- Department of Biochemistry, Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270 Pakistan
| | - Tahira Perveen
- Department of Biochemistry, Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270 Pakistan
| | - Amber Nawaz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, 75300 Pakistan
| | - Darakhshan Jabeen Haleem
- Department of Biochemistry, Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270 Pakistan
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Oh HA, Kim DE, Choi HJ, Kim NJ, Kim DH. Anti-fatigue Effects of 20( S)-Protopanaxadiol and 20( S)-Protopanaxatriol in Mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2015; 38:1415-9. [PMID: 26328499 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b15-00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun A Oh
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
| | | | - Hyuck Jai Choi
- East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center
| | - Nam Jae Kim
- East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
- East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center
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Choi JS, Kim JW, Cho HR, Kim KY, Lee JK, Sohn JH, Ku SK. Laxative effects of fermented rice extract in rats with loperamide-induced constipation. Exp Ther Med 2014; 8:1847-1854. [PMID: 25371743 PMCID: PMC4218700 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.2030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Constipation is a common problem in males and females. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the laxative effects of fermented rice extract (FRe) on rats with loperamide-induced constipation. FRe (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg) was administered orally once per day for six days following 1 h loperamide treatment. The laxative effects of FRe were compared with those of sodium picosulfate (S. picosulfate). Following the induction of constipation in the rats, a marked decrease was observed in the fecal pellet number and water content discharged over 24 h, the surface mucus thickness in the colonic lumen, intestinal charcoal transit ratio, thickness of the colonic mucosa and the number of mucus-producing cells, while an increase was observed in the number of fecal pellets remaining in the colonic lumen and their mean diameter, as compared with the normal vehicle control rats. These conditions were significantly alleviated following the administration of the three doses of FRe when compared with the loperamide control group. However, the alleviating effects were lower than those of S. picosulfate, with the exception of the intestinal charcoal transit ratio. Similar effects on the intestinal charcoal transit ratio were detected for the three doses of FRe when compared with the S. picosulfate-treated rats. In conclusion, the results indicated that FRe exhibits a laxative effect without causing diarrhea, as compared with sodium picosulfate; thus, FRe may be effective as a complementary medicine in patients suffering from lifestyle-induced constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Suk Choi
- RIS Center, IACF, Silla University, Sasang-gu, Busan 617-736, Republic of Korea ; Department of Bio-Food Materials, Silla University, Sasang-gu, Busan 617-736, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Wan Kim
- Glucan Corporation, Marine Bio-Industry Development Center, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-912, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Rae Cho
- Glucan Corporation, Marine Bio-Industry Development Center, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-912, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Young Kim
- Glucan Corporation, Marine Bio-Industry Development Center, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-912, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jae Hak Sohn
- RIS Center, IACF, Silla University, Sasang-gu, Busan 617-736, Republic of Korea ; Department of Bio-Food Materials, Silla University, Sasang-gu, Busan 617-736, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae-Kwang Ku
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do 712-715, Republic of Korea
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Moon PD, Kim KY, Rew KH, Kim HM, Jeong HJ. Anti-fatigue effects of porcine placenta and its amino acids in a behavioral test on mice. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2014; 92:937-44. [PMID: 25347266 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2014-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Placenta extracts are used for their health benefits; however, the anti-fatigue effects of placenta have not been elucidated. Thus, we investigated the anti-fatigue effects of porcine placenta extract (PE) and the amino acids present in the PE (glycine, Gly; proline, Pro; glutamic acid, GA; and arginine, Arg) using a forced swimming test (FST) and a tail-suspension test (TST) on mice. Whole PE or individual amino acids decreased immobility times in the FST. PE, Pro, and Arg all lowered blood levels of lactic acid and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). PE and Gly improved glycogen content and catalase activity. As determined from the serum after the FST: PE regulated the effects of interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α; GA regulated the effects of IFN-γ; Gly and Arg regulated the effects of interleukin (IL)-6; and all of the amino acids present in PE regulated the effects of TNF-α. As determined from the spleen after the FST: Gly and Arg regulated the effects of IL-1β; Gly, Pro, and Arg regulated the effects of IL-6; PE and all of the amino acids present in PE regulated the effects of TNF-α. After the TST, PE and all of the amino acids present in PE reduced immobility duration as well as levels of aspartate aminotransferase and ALT. As determined from the serum after the TST: PE and Gly regulated the effects of TNF-α; Gly and Arg regulated the effects of IL-1β; Gly, Pro, and Arg regulated the effects of IL-6; PE and all of the amino acids present in PE regulated the effects of TNF-α. These results suggest that PE should be considered a candidate anti-fatigue agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil-Dong Moon
- a Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
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Choi JS, Kim JW, Kim KY, Lee JK, Sohn JH, Ku SK. Synergistic effect of fermented rice extracts on the probiotic and laxative properties of yoghurt in rats with loperamide-induced constipation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2014; 2014:878503. [PMID: 25214876 PMCID: PMC4158107 DOI: 10.1155/2014/878503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Aim. The objective was to evaluate the synergistic effects of fermented rice extracts (FRe) on the laxative and probiotic properties of yoghurt in rats with loperamide-induced constipation. Methods. After constipation induction, yoghurt containing FRe (BFRe; 0.05%, 0.1%, or 1%) was administered orally once per day for 6 days. Results. Loperamide treatment caused marked decreases in fecal pellet numbers and water content discharged, as well as in the surface mucosal thickness of the colonic lumen, intestinal charcoal transit ratio, thickness, and number of mucous-producing goblet cells in the colonic mucosa, whereas it increased the remnant fecal pellet number and the mean diameter of the colonic lumen. However, this loperamide-induced constipation was ameliorated by treatment with FRe, yoghurt single formula, or 0.05%, 0.1%, or 1% BFRe (10 mL/kg). Additionally, the viable numbers of Lactobacillus in the cecal contents and feces were markedly higher than those in constipated rats. Moreover, greater probiotic and laxative effects were detected in BFRe-treated rats than in rats treated with equivalent doses of yoghurt or FRe single formula. Conclusion. The results suggest that addition of FRe to liquid yoghurt will enhance the probiotic and beneficial laxative effects of yoghurt in the digestive tract, without causing side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Suk Choi
- RIS Center, IACF, Silla University, Gwaebup-dong, Sasang-gu, Busan 617-736, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio-Food Materials, Silla University, Sasang-gu, Busan 617-736, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Wan Kim
- Glucan Corp. No. 305 Marine Bio-Industry Development Center, Hoenggye-ri 27, Ilgwang-myeon, Gijan-gun, Busan 619-912, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Young Kim
- Glucan Corp. No. 305 Marine Bio-Industry Development Center, Hoenggye-ri 27, Ilgwang-myeon, Gijan-gun, Busan 619-912, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Kwang Lee
- JKnutra, No. 502, 17 Joongdaero 23-gil, Songpa-ku, Seoul 138-160, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hak Sohn
- RIS Center, IACF, Silla University, Gwaebup-dong, Sasang-gu, Busan 617-736, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio-Food Materials, Silla University, Sasang-gu, Busan 617-736, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae-Kwang Ku
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, 290 Yugok-dong, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsanbuk-do 712-715, Republic of Korea
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Hao G, Zhang C, Cao W, Hao J. Effects of intragastric administration of five oyster components on endurance exercise performance in mice. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 52:723-728. [PMID: 24428850 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.866966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Oysters [Crassostrea plicatula Gmelin (Ostreidae)] are widely used for food in coastal areas. It is reported to have several qualities such as improving sexual and immune function. They has been approved by Chinese Ministry of Health as a functional food. OBJECTIVE The effects of five types of oyster components (oyster meat, oyster glycogen, oyster protein, cooked liquid components, and water-insoluble components) on the swimming endurance of mice were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, the amino acid composition and sugar content of the five oyster components were analyzed by a physicochemical test. In the in vivo test, the control group was administered distilled water, and the five intervention groups were treated with various samples for 15 consecutive days [0.8 mg protein/(g BW·d) or 0.2 mg glycogen/(g BW·d)]. The swimming time was recorded through the exhaustive swimming test. The levels of serum lactic acid, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), liver glycogen, and gastrocnemius muscle glycogen were determined. RESULTS Oyster protein had a minimum F-value (the mole ratio of branched-chain amino acids to aromatic amino acids) (2.68), contained 1.85 mmol/mL taurine and no sugar. The components (except for oyster protein) significantly improved endurance capacity of mice and increased the liver and muscle glycogen contents (p<0.05), and reduced the lactic acid and BUN levels (p<0.05). Oyster protein had little effect. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The effects of oyster components on the swimming endurance of mice may be attributed to the high ratio of the branched-chain amino acid composition, bioactivity of taurine, and glycogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengxin Hao
- College of Biological Engineering, Jimei University , Xiamen , China
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Selhub EM, Logan AC, Bested AC. Fermented foods, microbiota, and mental health: ancient practice meets nutritional psychiatry. J Physiol Anthropol 2014; 33:2. [PMID: 24422720 PMCID: PMC3904694 DOI: 10.1186/1880-6805-33-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The purposeful application of fermentation in food and beverage preparation, as a means to provide palatability, nutritional value, preservative, and medicinal properties, is an ancient practice. Fermented foods and beverages continue to make a significant contribution to the overall patterns of traditional dietary practices. As our knowledge of the human microbiome increases, including its connection to mental health (for example, anxiety and depression), it is becoming increasingly clear that there are untold connections between our resident microbes and many aspects of physiology. Of relevance to this research are new findings concerning the ways in which fermentation alters dietary items pre-consumption, and in turn, the ways in which fermentation-enriched chemicals (for example, lactoferrin, bioactive peptides) and newly formed phytochemicals (for example, unique flavonoids) may act upon our own intestinal microbiota profile. Here, we argue that the consumption of fermented foods may be particularly relevant to the emerging research linking traditional dietary practices and positive mental health. The extent to which traditional dietary items may mitigate inflammation and oxidative stress may be controlled, at least to some degree, by microbiota. It is our contention that properly controlled fermentation may often amplify the specific nutrient and phytochemical content of foods, the ultimate value of which may associated with mental health; furthermore, we also argue that the microbes (for example, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria species) associated with fermented foods may also influence brain health via direct and indirect pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Selhub
- Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, 40 Crescent St., Suite 201, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Alan C Logan
- CAMNR, 23679 Calabasas Road Suite 542, Calabasas, CA 91302, USA
| | - Alison C Bested
- Complex Chronic Diseases Program, BC Women’s Hospital and Health Centre, B223A-4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
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Hussein L, Gouda M, Fouad M, Labib E, Bassyouni R, Mohammad M. Dietary Intervention with Yoghurt, Synbiotic Yogurt or Traditional Fermented Sobya: Bio-Potency among Male Adolescents Using Five Bio-Markers of Relevance to Colonic Metabolic Activities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/fns.2014.512123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Lee JK, Cho HR, Kim KY, Lim JM, Jung GW, Sohn JH, Choi JS. The Growth-Stimulating Effects of Fermented Rice Extract (FRe) on Lactic Acid Bacteria and Bifidobacterium spp. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2014. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.20.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ni W, Gao T, Wang H, Du Y, Li J, Li C, Wei L, Bi H. Anti-fatigue activity of polysaccharides from the fruits of four Tibetan plateau indigenous medicinal plants. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 150:529-35. [PMID: 24036063 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The fruits of Hippophae rhamnoides L., Lycium barbarum L., Lycium ruthenicum Murr. and Nitraria tangutorum Bobr. are traditional medicinal food of Tibetans and used to alleviate fatigue caused by oxygen deficiency for thousands of years. The present study focused on exploiting natural polysaccharides with remarkable anti-fatigue activity from the four Qinghai-Tibet plateau characteristic berries. MATERIALS AND METHODS The fruits of Hippophae rhamnoides, Lycium barbarum, Lycium ruthenicum and Nitraria tangutorum were collected from Haixi national municipality of Mongol and Tibetan (N 36.32°, E98.11°; altitude: 3100 m), Qinghai, China. Their polysaccharides (HRWP, LBWP, LRWP and NTWP) were isolated by hot-water extraction, and purified by DEAE-Cellulose ion-exchange chromatography. The total carbohydrate, uronic acid, protein and starch contents of polysaccharides were determined by a spectrophotometric method. The molecular weight distributions of polysaccharides were determined by gel filtration chromatography. Their monosaccharide composition analysis was performed by the method of 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP) pre-column derivatization and RP-HPLC analysis. HRWP, LBWP, LRWP and NTWP (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) were orally administrated to mice once daily for 15 days, respectively. Anti-fatigue activity was assessed using the forced swim test (FST), and serum biochemical parameters were determined by an autoanalyzer and commercially available kits; the body and organs were also weighted. RESULT LBWP, LRWP and NTWP were mainly composed of glucans and some RG-I pectins, and HRWP was mainly composed of HG-type pectin and some glucans. All the four polysaccharides decreased immobility in the FST, and the effects of LBWP and NTWP were demonstrated in lower doses compared with HRWP and LRWP. There was no significant difference in liver and heart indices between non-treated and polysaccharide-treated mice, but the spleen indices were increased in LBWP and NTWP (200mg/kg) group. Moreover, the FST-induced reduction in glucose (Glc), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and increase in creatine phosphokinase (CK), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), triglyceride (TG) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, all indicators of fatigue, were inhibited by HRWP, LBWP, LRWP and NTWP to a certain extent while the effects of LBWP and NTWP were much better than that of HRWP and LRWP at the same dosage. CONCLUSION Water-soluble polysaccharides HRWP, LBWP, LRWP and NTWP, from the fruits of four Tibetan plateau indigenous berry plants, significantly exhibited anti-fatigue activities for the first time, through triglyceride (TG) (or fat) mobilization during exercise and protecting corpuscular membrane by prevention of lipid oxidation via modifying several enzyme activities. Moreover, it is demonstrated that LBWP and NTWP are more potent than HRWP and LRWP, which were proposed to be applied in functional foods for anti-fatigue and antioxidant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Ni
- Department of Immunology, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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Friedman M. Rice brans, rice bran oils, and rice hulls: composition, food and industrial uses, and bioactivities in humans, animals, and cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:10626-10641. [PMID: 24175575 DOI: 10.1021/jf403635v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Rice plants produce bioactive rice brans and hulls that have been reported to have numerous health-promoting effects in cells, animals, and humans. The main objective of this review is to consolidate and integrate the widely scattered information on the composition and the antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and immunostimulating effects of rice brans from different rice cultivars, rice bran oils derived from rice brans, rice hulls, liquid rice hull smoke derived from rice hulls, and some of their bioactive compounds. As part of this effort, this paper also presents brief summaries on the preparation of health-promoting foods including bread, corn flakes, frankfurters, ice cream, noodles, pasta, tortillas, and zero-trans-fat shortening as well as industrial products such bioethanol and biodiesel fuels. Also covered are antibiotic, antiallergic, anticarcinogenic, antidiabetic, cardiovascular, allelochemical, and other beneficial effects and the mechanisms of the bioactivities. The results show that food-compatible and safe formulations with desirable nutritional and biological properties can be used to develop new multifunctional foods as well as bioethanol and biodiesel fuel. The overlapping aspects are expected to contribute to a better understanding of the potential impact of the described health-promoting potential of the rice-derived brans, oils, and hulls in food and medicine. Such an understanding will enhance nutrition and health and benefit the agricultural and industrial economies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mendel Friedman
- Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture , 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, California 94710, United States
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Hu Y, Cao Y, Liu M, Liu P, Cui H, Dai-Hong G. Behavioral and biochemical effects of a formulation of the traditional Chinese medicine, Kai-Xin-San, in fatigued rats. Exp Ther Med 2013; 6:973-976. [PMID: 24137300 PMCID: PMC3797299 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2013.1256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the anti-fatigue activity and the behavioral and biochemical effects of Kai-Xin-San (KXS) extracts on fatigued rats. The rats were randomly divided into six groups: untreated control (UC), running control (RC), RC treated with 13 mg/kg/day modafinil and RC treated with KXS at dosages of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg/day, respectively. The treatments were administered orally. Anti-fatigue activity was assessed using the treadmill running test and serum biochemical parameters were determined using an autoanalyzer and commercially available kits. Furthermore, the standardization of the KXS extracts was ensured using a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-fingerprint. The extracts were shown to increase exhaustive running time in the treadmill running test and reverse the fatigue-induced reduction in hepatic/muscle glycogen and testosterone, in addition to reducing the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), serum urea nitrogen (SUN), blood lactic acid (BLA) and β-endorphin levels in the serum of the fatigued rats. Moreover, the extracts enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the serum of the fatigued rats. The results of this preliminary study indicated that KXS exhibits anti-fatigue activity. This was reflected in the effects on the biochemical markers for fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy Care Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853
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Na CS, Yoon SY, Kim JB, Na DS, Dong MS, Lee MY, Hong CY. Anti-fatigue Activity of Hovenia dulcis on a Swimming Mouse Model through the Inhibition of Stress Hormone Expression and Antioxidation. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2013; 41:945-55. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x13500638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hovenia dulcis (H. dulcis) Thunb., which is distributed in Korea, China, and Japan, has been known to show hepatoprotective and free radical scavenging effects and enhance physical activity. Therefore, the objectives of this present study were to determine the anti-fatigue activity of hot-water extract from H. dulcis peduncle, and to find the reason why H. dulcis extract (HDE)-ingested mice had enhanced physical activity against swimming performance. The mice orally administrated with HDE (HDE-mice) dramatically enhanced their swimming time compared to the control mice. HDE significantly decreased serum levels of stress hormones, such as cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in mice. The levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were dramatically decreased in gastrocnemius muscle from both 100 mg/kg of HDE (LHDE) and 200 mg/kg of HDE (HHDE)-ingested mice compared to the control mice. The liver activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly increased in HHDE-mice with increasing tendency in LHDE-mice. In addition, HHDE-mice significantly decreased the levels of blood glucose, total cholesterol (T-Chol), and triglyceride (TG). These results suggest that HDE had a significant anti-fatigue effect via its anti-stress and antioxidant activities, and thereby enhanced physical activity in swimming performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Soo Na
- Lifetree Biotechnology Institute, Lifetree Biotech Co. Ltd, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Yoon
- Lifetree Biotechnology Institute, Lifetree Biotech Co. Ltd, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Beom Kim
- Lifetree Biotechnology Institute, Lifetree Biotech Co. Ltd, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Seung Na
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Sook Dong
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Yeol Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Yi Hong
- Lifetree Biotechnology Institute, Lifetree Biotech Co. Ltd, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Yan W, Li T, Lao J, Song B, Shen Y. Anti-fatigue property of Cordyceps guangdongensis and the underlying mechanisms. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2013; 51:614-620. [PMID: 23363066 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2012.760103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cordyceps guangdongensis T.H. Li, Q.Y. Lin & B. Song (Cordycipitaceae) is a nontoxic folk medicine and can be cultivated, with noticeable effects of anti-H9N2, life-prolonging and treating chronic renal failure. OBJECTIVE The anti-fatigue effect of C. guangdongensis, possible mechanism and active constituent were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Treatment mice were treated with C. guangdongensis powder (0.455, 0.91 and 1.82 g/kg bw daily for low, middle and high doses, respectively); treatment rats were fed, respectively, with ethanol, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, aqueous phase and hot water extract fractions, for 30 d. Forced swimming time to exhaustion, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and hepatic glycogen (HG) levels of mice and blood lactic acid (BLC) levels of rats were determined. RESULTS The swimming times to exhaustion of mice were very significantly (p < 0.01) longer in low-, middle- and high-dose groups (respectively 1.87-, 1.94- and 1.88-times), and significantly (p < 0.05) longer in the n-butanol fraction group (1.52-times), hot water extract group (1.88- times) and refined polysaccharide group (2.66-times) than in blank control; the BLC levels of rats were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in the ethyl alcohol partition group (84.8%), the n-butanol fraction group (84.0%) and the hot water extract group (84.4 %) than in blank. The BUN and HG levels were not significantly different. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Cordyceps guangdongensis can potently alleviate fatigue through reducing the accumulation of BLC; a functional constituent was the refined polysaccharide. This might become a new functional food for fatigue resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology and State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology (Ministry - Guangdong Province Jointly Breeding Base), South China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology , Guangzhou , China
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Intestinal microbiota, probiotics and mental health: from Metchnikoff to modern advances: Part II - contemporary contextual research. Gut Pathog 2013; 5:3. [PMID: 23497633 PMCID: PMC3601973 DOI: 10.1186/1757-4749-5-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years there has been a renewed interest concerning the ways in which the gastrointestinal tract – its functional integrity and microbial residents – might influence human mood (e.g. depression) and behavioral disorders. Once a hotbed of scientific interest in the early 20th century, this area lay dormant for decades, in part due to its association with the controversial term ‘autointoxication’. Here we review contemporary findings related to intestinal permeability, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, lipopolysaccharide endotoxin (LPS) exposure, D-lactic acid, propionic acid, and discuss their relevance to microbiota and mental health. In addition, we include the context of modern dietary habits as they relate to depression, anxiety and their potential interaction with intestinal microbiota.
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Xu C, Lv J, You S, Zhao Q, Chen X, Hu X. Supplementation with oat protein ameliorates exercise-induced fatigue in mice. Food Funct 2013; 4:303-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c2fo30255a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Effects of Taraxacum officinale on fatigue and immunological parameters in mice. Molecules 2012; 17:13253-65. [PMID: 23135630 PMCID: PMC6268574 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171113253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In Korean herbal medicine dandelion (Taraxacum officinale, TO) has been used to improve energy levels and health. However, the effects of TO in experimental models remain unclear. We examined the anti-fatigue and immune-enhancing effects of TO in mice by performing a forced swimming test (FST) and in vitro by using peritoneal macrophages, respectively. After daily oral administration of TO, blood biochemical parameters related to fatigue were measured after the FST. FST immobility time was significantly decreased in the TO-treated group (100 mg/kg) on the tenth day. TO (10 and 100 mg/kg) treatment significantly increased glucose levels, acting as an energy source. The level of lactic dehydrogenase, which is an accurate indicator of muscle damage, tended to decline after TO administration (10 and 100 mg/kg). When TO (100 mg/kg) was orally administered to mice, blood urea nitrogen levels decreased significantly. We also examined the effect of TO on the production of cytokines and nitric oxide (NO) in mouse peritoneal macrophages. When TO was used in combination with recombinant interferon-gamma (rIFN-γ), a noticeable cooperative induction of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-12p70, and IL-10 production was observed. Furthermore, in peritoneal macrophages, rIFN-γ plus TO treatment significantly increased the production of NO through inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induction. Taken together, these results suggest that TO improves fatigue-related indicators and immunological parameters in mice.
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Wang SY, Huang WC, Liu CC, Wang MF, Ho CS, Huang WP, Hou CC, Chuang HL, Huang CC. Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) fruit extract improves physical fatigue and exercise performance in mice. Molecules 2012; 17:11864-76. [PMID: 23047485 PMCID: PMC6268989 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171011864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 09/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) is a popular and nutritious vegetable consumed worldwide. The overall purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of C. moschata fruit extract (CME) on anti-fatigue and ergogenic functions following physiological challenges. Male ICR mice from four groups designated vehicle, CME-50, CME-100 and CME-250, respectively (n = 8 per group in each test) were orally administered CME for 14 days at 0, 50, 100 and 250 mg/kg/day. The anti-fatigue activity and exercise performance were evaluated using exhaustive swimming time, forelimb grip strength, as well as levels of plasma lactate, ammonia, glucose, and creatine kinase after an acute swimming exercise. The resting muscular and hepatic glycogen was also analyzed after 14-day supplementation with CME. Trend analysis revealed that CME treatments increased grip strength. CME dose-dependently increased 5% body weight loaded swimming time, blood glucose, and muscular and hepatic glycogen levels. CME dose-dependently decreased plasma lactate and ammonia levels and creatine kinase activity after a 15-min swimming test. The mechanism was relevant to the increase in energy storage (as glycogen) and release (as blood glucose), and the decrease of plasma levels of lactate, ammonia, and creatine kinase. Therefore, CME may be potential for the pharmacological effect of anti-fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yi Wang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ching Huang
- Graduate Institute of Athletics and Coaching Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Chung Liu
- Department of Physical Education, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu 30015, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Fu Wang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Shan Ho
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Pei Huang
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chung Hou
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Li Chuang
- National Laboratory Animal Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; (H.-L.C.); (C.-C.H.); Tel.: +886-3-328-3201 (ext. 2619) (C.-C.H.); Fax: +886-3-328-0592 (C.-C.H.)
| | - Chi-Chang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; (H.-L.C.); (C.-C.H.); Tel.: +886-3-328-3201 (ext. 2619) (C.-C.H.); Fax: +886-3-328-0592 (C.-C.H.)
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Kim D, Han GD. High hydrostatic pressure treatment combined with enzymes increases the extractability and bioactivity of fermented rice bran. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2012.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Park Y, Kim JH, Lee HS, Jung EY, Lee H, Noh DO, Suh HJ. Thermal stability of yeast hydrolysate as a novel anti-obesity material. Food Chem 2012; 136:316-21. [PMID: 23122064 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Revised: 08/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
We examined the thermal stability of yeast hydrolysates before and after ultrafiltration (UF) in vitro, and the anti-obesity activity of yeast hydrolysates before and after heat treatment in vivo. Yeast hydrolysate after UF showed significantly higher thermal stability than before UF. Yeast hydrolysates before and after UF showed 3 and 4 thermal transition peaks in their thermograms, respectively, and the total thermal denaturation enthalpies of yeast hydrolysates before and after UF were 69.5 and 36.5 J/g, respectively. For the anti-obesity activity study, yeast hydrolysates before and after heating were administered ad libitum with water to 7-week-old male SD rats. The administration of yeast hydrolysate (YH-control; no heat treatment, YH-1; heat treatment at 140°C, and YH-2; heat treatment at 160°C) significantly increased mRNA expression of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) compared with control rats (saline administration). However, there was no significant difference between the heat-treated groups and YH-control and there was no significant difference in neuropeptide Y expression between the heat-treated groups and YH-control. These results suggest that yeast hydrolysate can be use an anti-obesity material after heat treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yooheon Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University, Seoul 136-703, Republic of Korea
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