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Melkamu Z, Jeyaramraja PR. Optimization of the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the leaf extract of Ocimum sanctum and evaluation of their antioxidant potential. NANO EXPRESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1088/2632-959x/ac8fac] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This work investigates the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) utilizing the aqueous leaf extract of Ocimum sanctum L. A change in colour to dark brown from yellow and an absorption maximum at 460 nm provided evidence for the synthesis of AgNPs. Several reaction conditions namely leaf extract volume, AgNO3 concentration and duration of incubation were optimized. Maximum synthesis of AgNPs could be achieved with 1 ml of 5% aqueous leaf extract, 1 mM AgNO3 and 2.5 h incubation period. DPPH (2, 2—diphenyl − 1 - picrylhydrazyl) assay revealed that AgNPs are better than the leaf extract in terms of antioxidant potential. These results strongly recommend the application of green-synthesized AgNPs as effective antioxidants against oxidative stresses associated with degenerative diseases. Characterization of AgNPs were then carried out using certain methods namely as x-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). XRD study confirmed the synthesis of face-centered cubic-shaped AgNPs that are of crystalline nature. The mean particle size of the synthesized AgNPs computed employing the Debye–Scherrer formula, was 22 nm. FTIR study demonstrated that the AgNPs consisted of certain functional groups of O. sanctum which might have helped in reducing AgNO3 and capping AgNPs. SEM images showed the synthesis of AgNPs of various shapes viz. globular, cubical and flaky. The scattered AgNPs were found to have a size close to 20 nm, which roughly matches with the XRD analysis of the current study.
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Abstract
Organoselenium chemistry has become an important tool in synthetic and medicinal chemistry.
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Choi C, Lee HY, Jeong YI, Nah JW. Synthesis of methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)- b -poly( dl -lactide- co -glycolide) copolymer via diselenide linkage and fabrication of ebselen-incorporated nanoparticles for radio-responsive drug delivery. J IND ENG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2016.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Kuah E, Toh S, Yee J, Ma Q, Gao Z. Enzyme Mimics: Advances and Applications. Chemistry 2016; 22:8404-30. [PMID: 27062126 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme mimics or artificial enzymes are a class of catalysts that have been actively pursued for decades and have heralded much interest as potentially viable alternatives to natural enzymes. Aside from having catalytic activities similar to their natural counterparts, enzyme mimics have the desired advantages of tunable structures and catalytic efficiencies, excellent tolerance to experimental conditions, lower cost, and purely synthetic routes to their preparation. Although still in the midst of development, impressive advances have already been made. Enzyme mimics have shown immense potential in the catalysis of a wide range of chemical and biological reactions, the development of chemical and biological sensing and anti-biofouling systems, and the production of pharmaceuticals and clean fuels. This Review concerns the development of various types of enzyme mimics, namely polymeric and dendrimeric, supramolecular, nanoparticulate and proteinic enzyme mimics, with an emphasis on their synthesis, catalytic properties and technical applications. It provides an introduction to enzyme mimics and a comprehensive summary of the advances and current standings of their applications, and seeks to inspire researchers to perfect the design and synthesis of enzyme mimics and to tailor their functionality for a much wider range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Kuah
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Fax
| | - Seraphina Toh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Fax
| | - Jessica Yee
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Fax
| | - Qian Ma
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Fax
| | - Zhiqiang Gao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Fax.
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Unsal C, Oran M, Albayrak Y, Aktas C, Erboga M, Topcu B, Uygur R, Tulubas F, Yanartas O, Ates O, Ozen OA. Neuroprotective effect of ebselen against intracerebroventricular streptozotocin-induced neuronal apoptosis and oxidative stress in rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2013; 32:730-40. [PMID: 24231787 DOI: 10.1177/0748233713509429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to examine the neuroprotective effect of ebselen against intracerebroventricular streptozotocin (ICV-STZ)-induced oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis in rat brain. A total of 30 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups of 10 animals each: control, ICV-STZ, and ICV-STZ treated with ebselen. The ICV-STZ group rats were injected bilaterally with ICV-STZ (3 mg/kg) on days 1 and 3, and ebselen (10 mg/kg/day) was administered for 14 days starting from 1st day of ICV-STZ injection to day 14. Rats were killed at the end of the study and brain tissues were removed for biochemical and histopathological investigation. Our results demonstrated, for the first time, the neuroprotective effect of ebselen on Alzheimer's disease (AD) model in rats. Our present study, in ICV-STZ group, showed significant increase in tissue malondialdehyde levels and significant decrease in enzymatic antioxidants superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the frontal cortex tissue. The histopathological studies in the brain of rats also supported that ebselen markedly reduced the ICV-STZ-induced histopathological changes and well preserved the normal histological architecture of the frontal cortex tissue. The number of apoptotic neurons was increased in frontal cortex tissue after ICV-STZ administration. Treatment of ebselen markedly reduced the number of degenerating apoptotic neurons. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of ebselen, as a powerful antioxidant, in preventing the oxidative damage and morphological changes caused by ICV-STZ in rats. Thus, ebselen may have a therapeutic value for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuneyt Unsal
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Oran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Yakup Albayrak
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Cevat Aktas
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Erboga
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Birol Topcu
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Ramazan Uygur
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Feti Tulubas
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Omer Yanartas
- Department of Psychiatry, The Ministry of Health of Turkey, Marmara University Hospital Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozkan Ates
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Oguz Aslan Ozen
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
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Jiao A, Zhou X, Xu X, Jin Z. Molecular dynamics simulations of cyclodextrin–cumene hydroperoxide complexes in water. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2013.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Jiao A, Yang N, Xu X, Jin Z. Study on the intermediate ions formed by glutathione peroxidase mimic 2,2'-ditellurobis(2-deoxy-β-cyclodextrin) by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2013; 27:319-324. [PMID: 23239379 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Revised: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE 2,2'-Ditellurobis(2-deoxy-β-cyclodextrin) (2-TeCD) is one of the most well-known glutathione peroxidase (GPx) mimics. However, because the critical reaction intermediates had not previously been isolated or directly detected due to its short lifetime, the catalytic mechanism of 2-TeCD is not very clear and further experiments are needed to characterize each of the intermediates in the catalytic cycle. METHODS Using electrospray ionization mass (and tandem) spectrometry (ESI-MS and ESI-MS/MS) experiments, the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide at the expense of glutathione (GSH) catalyzed by 2-TeCD was monitored on-line. RESULTS The key intermediates were successfully intercepted and structurally characterized for the first time by coupling a microreactor on-line to the ESI ion source, which permitted the fast screening of intermediates directly from solution. CONCLUSIONS The catalytic mechanism of 2-TeCD catalysis has been elaborated based on mass spectrometric data and exerted its peroxidase activity via tellurol, tellurenic acid, and tellurosulfide, in analogy with natural GPX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiquan Jiao
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
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Jiao A, Yang N, Wang J, Xu X, Jin Z. Cyclodextrin-derived chalcogenides as glutathione peroxidase mimics and their protection of mitochondria against oxidative damage. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-012-0156-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Ineu RP, dos Santos M, do Rêgo Barros OS, Nogueira CW, Rocha JBT, Zeni G, Pereira ME. Antioxidant activity and low toxicity of (E)-1-(1-(methylthio)-1-(selenopheny) hept-1-en-2-yl) pyrrolidin-2-one. Cell Biol Toxicol 2012; 28:213-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s10565-012-9217-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Çetinkaya Y, Göçer H, Menzek A, Gülçin İ. Synthesis and Antioxidant Properties of (3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)(2,3,4-trihydroxyphenyl)methanone and Its Derivatives. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2011; 345:323-34. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201100272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Revised: 10/03/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Ibrahim M, Hassan W, Anwar J, Nogueira CW, Teixeira Rocha JB. Fe(II) and sodium nitroprusside induce oxidative stress: a comparative study of diphenyl diselenide and diphenyl ditelluride with their napthyl analog. Drug Chem Toxicol 2011; 35:48-56. [PMID: 21919597 DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2011.588711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Here, we compare the influence of molecular structural modifications of diphenyl diselenide (DPDS) and diphenyl ditelluride (DPDT) with their naphthalene analogs, 1-dinapthyl diselenide (1-NapSe)2, 2-dinapthyl diselenide (2-NapSe)2, 1-dinapthyl distelluride (1-NapTe)2, and 2-dinapthyl ditelluride (2-NapTe)2. Fe(II)-induced hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) was in the order [(2-NapTe)2] > [(2-NapSe)2] > [(DPDS)] > [(1-NapSe)2] > [(1-NapTe)2]> [(DPDT)]. For sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced hepatic TBARS, the order was [(2-NapTe)2] > [(DPDT)] > [(1-NapSe)2] > [(2-NapSe)2] > [(1-NapTe)2] > [(DPDS)]. For Fe(II) and SNP-induced renal TBARS, the orders were [(2-NapTe)2] > [(1-NapTe)2] = [(DPDT)] > [(1-NapSe)2] > [(2-NapSe)2] > [(DPDS)] and [(2-NapTe)2] > [(1-NapTe)2] > [(1-NapSe)2] > [(2-NapSe)2] > [(DPDS)] > [(DPDS)], respectively. The present investigation shows that DPDS was less potent and the change in the organic moiety from an aryl to napthyl group dramatically changed the potency of diselenides. These results suggest that minor changes in the organic moiety of aromatic diselenides can profoundly modify their antioxidant properties. In view of the fact that the pharmacological properties of organochalcogens are linked, at least in part, to their antioxidant properties, it becomes important to explore the pharmacological properties of dinaphtyl diselenides and ditellurides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ibrahim
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Lin T, Ding Z, Li N, Xu J, Luo G, Liu J, Shen J. RETRACTED: Seleno-cyclodextrin sensitises human breast cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis through DR5 induction and NF-κB suppression. Eur J Cancer 2011; 47:1890-907. [PMID: 21565489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2011.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Revised: 02/15/2011] [Accepted: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/article-withdrawal). This article has been retracted at the request of This article has been retracted at the request of the authors and the Editor-in-Chief. The authors contacted the Editors of the European Journal of Cancer regarding oversights or labelling errors introduced in Fig. 2 and Fig.7 during data processing. The authors provided the raw data, however the Editors conclude that the raw data management cannot be relied upon and the article needs to be retracted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
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Synthesis and kinetic evaluation of a trifunctional enzyme mimic with a dimanganese active centre. J Inorg Biochem 2011; 105:283-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2010.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2010] [Revised: 09/08/2010] [Accepted: 09/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Schumacher RF, Rosário AR, Souza ACG, Acker CI, Nogueira CW, Zeni G. The potential antioxidant activity of 2,3-dihydroselenophene, a prototype drug of 4-aryl-2,3-dihydroselenophenes. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:1418-25. [PMID: 21288725 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2010] [Revised: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Here we present our results in palladium cross-coupling reaction of aryl boronic acids with 4-iodo-2,3-dihydroselenophene derivatives. The cross-coupled products were obtained in satisfactory yields. A dehydrogenation of 4,5-diphenyl-2,3-dihydroselenophene was activated by DDQ and the 2,3-diarylselenophene was obtained in good yield. Regarding the antioxidant activity, the selenophene derivative 3a was effective in counteracting lipid and protein oxidation as well as scavenging ABTS radical. The findings of the present study indicate that 3a is a prototype for future drug development programs to treat disorders mediated by reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo F Schumacher
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade, Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, CCNE, UFSM, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 97105-900, Brazil
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Huang X, Liu X, Luo Q, Liu J, Shen J. Artificial selenoenzymes: Designed and redesigned. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:1171-84. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00046a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hu L, Lu S, Yang F, Feng J, Liu Z, Xu H, He H. Synthesis of 2-Phosphono Alkyl 1,2-Benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-ones. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10426500214892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liming Hu
- a Central China Normal University , Wuhan, China
- b Wuhan University , Wuhan, China
| | - Shengmei Lu
- a Central China Normal University , Wuhan, China
| | | | - Juhong Feng
- a Central China Normal University , Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaojie Liu
- a Central China Normal University , Wuhan, China
| | | | - Hongwu He
- a Central China Normal University , Wuhan, China
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Acker CI, Brandão R, Rosário AR, Nogueira CW. Antioxidant effect of alkynylselenoalcohol compounds on liver and brain of rats in vitro. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2009; 28:280-287. [PMID: 21784017 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2009.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2009] [Revised: 04/22/2009] [Accepted: 05/05/2009] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Alkynylselenoalcohol compounds were screened for in vitro antioxidant activity. Alkynylselenoalcohols (2a-2d) were tested against lipid and protein oxidation induced by sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in rat brain and liver. The influence of molecular structural modifications of alkynylselenoalcohols in their antioxidant activity was investigated. The 1,1'-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity and the interaction of alkynylselenoalcohols with iron were carried out. The results revealed that the antioxidant activity depends on their chemical structures. Compounds 2e (without hydroxyl group) and 3a (with a tellurium atom) presented better antioxidant profiles than 2b (with a hydroxyl group and selenium atom) against lipid and protein oxidation. Compound 1a (with a butyl group) did not modify the effect of compound 2a (with a phenyl group) on lipid oxidation. Compounds 2e and 3a showed DPPH radical-scavenging activity. Compounds 2b, 2c and 3a inhibited isocitrate-mediated oxidation of Fe(2+). Alkynylselenoalcohols demonstrated antioxidant effects and the modifications in the molecular structure of compound 2b improved its antioxidant potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Inês Acker
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, CEP 97105-900, RS, Brazil
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Borges VC, Savegnago L, Pinton S, Jesse CR, Alves D, Nogueira CW. Vinylic telluride derivatives as promising pharmacological compounds with low toxicity. J Appl Toxicol 2008; 28:839-48. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.1345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yamagata K, Ichinose S, Miyashita A, Tagami M. Protective effects of ebselen, a seleno-organic antioxidant on neurodegeneration induced by hypoxia and reperfusion in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat. Neuroscience 2008; 153:428-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2007] [Revised: 02/04/2008] [Accepted: 02/18/2008] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Liu L, Mao SZ, Liu XM, Huang X, Xu JY, Liu JQ, Luo GM, Shen JC. Functional Mimicry of the Active Site of Glutathione Peroxidase by Glutathione Imprinted Selenium-Containing Protein. Biomacromolecules 2007; 9:363-8. [DOI: 10.1021/bm7008312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China, and Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-zhong Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China, and Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-man Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China, and Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China, and Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-yun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China, and Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-qiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China, and Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-min Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China, and Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-cong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China, and Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
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Tsukagoshi H, Koketsu M, Kato M, Kurabayashi M, Nishina A, Kimura H. Superoxide radical-scavenging effects from polymorphonuclear leukocytes and toxicity in human cell lines of newly synthesized organic selenium compounds. FEBS J 2007; 274:6046-54. [PMID: 17970748 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.06125.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic organic selenium compounds such as 2-phenyl-1,2-benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one may show glutathione peroxidase-like antioxidant activity. Recently, we synthesized new organic selenium compounds that are thought to be effective antioxidants. To study their possible applications as antioxidants, we evaluated two selenoureas, N,N-dimethylselenourea and 1-selenocarbamoylpyrrolidine, and two tertiary selenoamides, N-(phenylselenocarbonyl)-piperidine and N,N-diethyl-4-chloroselenobenzamide, for their superoxide radical (O2-)-scavenging effects and toxicity. We measured (O2-)-scavenging effects in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) with a specific, sensitive and real-time kinetic chemiluminescence method. Furthermore, the toxicity of these compounds was measured in some human cell lines and PMNs using the tetrazolium method. Hydrogen peroxide was measured by a scopoletin method. Finally, translocation of an NADPH oxidase component, p47 phagocyte oxidase, to the cell membrane was investigated by confocal laser scanning microscopy. N,N-Dimethylselenourea and 1-selenocarbamoylpyrrolidine effectively scavenged (O2-) released from 4beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-stimulated PMNs, and the 50% inhibitory concentrations were 6.8 +/- 2.2 and 6.5 +/- 2.5 microm, respectively. N-(Phenylselenocarbonyl)-piperidine and N,N-diethyl-4-chloroselenobenzamide also effectively scavenged (O2-) from PMNs, and the 50% inhibitory concentrations were 11.3 +/- 4.8 and 20.3 +/- 6.4 microm, respectively. Selenoureas showed very low toxicity in human cell lines and PMNs, even at high concentrations, whereas tertiary selenoamides were cytotoxic. These compounds did not produce significant amounts of hydrogen peroxide from 4beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-stimulated PMNs. None of the compounds significantly affected the translocation of p47 phagocyte oxidase. Selenoureas acted as effective antioxidants and showed low toxicity in some human cells. Thus, these compounds might be new candidates as antioxidative substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Tsukagoshi
- Gunma Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Maebashi, Japan
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Koh CS, Didierjean C, Navrot N, Panjikar S, Mulliert G, Rouhier N, Jacquot JP, Aubry A, Shawkataly O, Corbier C. Crystal Structures of a Poplar Thioredoxin Peroxidase that Exhibits the Structure of Glutathione Peroxidases: Insights into Redox-driven Conformational Changes. J Mol Biol 2007; 370:512-29. [PMID: 17531267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2007.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2007] [Revised: 04/06/2007] [Accepted: 04/09/2007] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidases (GPXs) are a group of enzymes that regulate the levels of reactive oxygen species in cells and tissues, and protect them against oxidative damage. Contrary to most of their counterparts in animal cells, the higher plant GPX homologues identified so far possess cysteine instead of selenocysteine in their active site. Interestingly, the plant GPXs are not dependent on glutathione but rather on thioredoxin as their in vitro electron donor. We have determined the crystal structures of the reduced and oxidized form of Populus trichocarpaxdeltoides GPX5 (PtGPX5), using a selenomethionine derivative. PtGPX5 exhibits an overall structure similar to that of the known animal GPXs. PtGPX5 crystallized in the assumed physiological dimeric form, displaying a pseudo ten-stranded beta sheet core. Comparison of both redox structures indicates that a drastic conformational change is necessary to bring the two distant cysteine residues together to form an intramolecular disulfide bond. In addition, a computer model of a complex of PtGPX5 and its in vitro recycling partner thioredoxin h1 is proposed on the basis of the crystal packing of the oxidized form enzyme. A possible role of PtGPX5 as a heavy-metal sink is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cha San Koh
- LCM3B, Equipe Biocristallographie, UMR 7036 CNRS-UHP, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Nancy Université, BP 239, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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25
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Zhang K, Zang TZ, Yang W, Sun Y, Mu Y, Liu JQ, Shen JC, Luo GM. Single Chain Antibody Displays Glutathione S-Transferase Activity. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:12516-20. [PMID: 16507568 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m513596200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Substrate binding and the subsequent reaction are the two principal phenomena that underlie the activity of enzymes, and many enzyme-like catalysts were generated based on the phenomena. The single chain variable region fragment of antibody 2F3 (scFv2F3) was elicited against hapten GSH-S-DN2phBu, a conjugate of glutathione (GSH), butyl alcohol, and 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB); it can therefore bind both GSH and CDNB, the substrates of native glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). It was shown previously that there is a serine residue that is the catalytic group of GST in the CDR regions of scFv2F3 close to the sulfhydryl of GSH. Thus, we anticipated that scFv2F3 will display GST activity. The experimental results showed that scFv2F3 indeed displayed GST activity that is equivalent to the rat-class GST T-2-2 and exhibited pH- and temperature-dependent catalytic activity. Steady-state kinetic studies showed that the Km values for the substrates are close to those of native GSTs, indicating that scFv2F3 has strong affinities for the substrates. Compared with some other GSTs, its kcat value was found to be low, which could be caused by the similarity between the GSH-S-DN2phBu and the reaction product of GSH and CDNB. These results showed that our approach to imitating enzymes is correct, which is that an active site may catalyze a chemical reaction when a catalytic group locates beside a substrate-binding site of a receptor. It is important to consider product inhibition in hapten design in order to obtain a mimic with a high catalytic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun 13002, People's Republic of China
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26
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Savegnago L, Jesse CR, Moro AV, Borges VC, Santos FW, Rocha JBT, Nogueira CW. Bis selenide alkene derivatives: A class of potential antioxidant and antinociceptive agents. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2006; 83:221-9. [PMID: 16545442 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2006.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2005] [Revised: 01/19/2006] [Accepted: 02/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Bis and tris-selenide alkene derivatives, a class of organoselenium compounds, were screened for antinociceptive and antioxidant activities. In vitro, bis-selenide alkene 1c (R=2,4,6-Me(3)C(6)H(2)), 1d (R=4-ClC(6)H(4)) and 1e (R=4-MeOC(6)H(4)) protected against lipid peroxidation about 50%, whereas 1b (R=C(6)H(5)) and 1a (R=C(4)H(9)) protected only 23%. Compound 1d presented lesser IC(50) against lipid peroxidation than other bis-selenide alkene compounds (1d>1e> or =1c>1a=1b). The maximal inhibitory effect of tris-selenide alkenes on lipid peroxidation was in the following order 2c>2a=2b. Compound 1e increased the rate of GSH, but not DTT, oxidation. Tris-selenide alkene 2c (R=4-MeOC(6)H(4)) demonstrated the higher rate of thiol oxidation, while 2a (R=C(6)H(5)) did not change DTT oxidation but oxidized GSH. Conversely, compound 2b (R=4-ClC(6)H(4)) did not change the rate of GSH oxidation, but oxidized DDT. Bis-selenide alkene derivatives 1c, 1d and 1e were the most promising compounds tested in vitro. In vivo, compounds 1c and 1d (5-50mg/kg, subcutaneously) produced significant inhibition of acetic acid- and capsaicin-induced pain. Compounds 1c and 1d increased the tail-flick response latency time. The antinociception effect of 1c and 1d was not abolished by naloxone (an antagonist of opioid receptor, 1mg/kg, subcutaneously), suggesting that the antinociceptive effect is not influenced by the opioidergic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucielli Savegnago
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, CEP 97105-900, RS, Brazil
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Morin D, Papadopoulos V, Tillement JP. Prevention of cell damage in ischaemia: novel molecular targets in mitochondria. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2005. [DOI: 10.1517/14728222.6.3.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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28
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Rauen U, Li T, Sustmann R, De Groot H. Protection against iron- and hydrogen peroxide-dependent cell injuries by a novel synthetic iron catalase mimic and its precursor, the iron-free ligand. Free Radic Biol Med 2004; 37:1369-83. [PMID: 15454276 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2004] [Revised: 06/02/2004] [Accepted: 07/29/2004] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide is involved in many types of cell injury and exerts most of its injurious effects in conjunction with chelatable iron. We previously described a synthetic nonporphyrin iron-containing catalase mimic, TAA-1/Fe. Its ligand TAA-1 was designed for application in biological systems in which it is supposed to fulfill a dual task: it should chelate cellular labile iron and thus form the active catalase mimic, thereby decreasing levels of redox-active iron and enhancing the degradation of hydrogen peroxide. Here, we tested these novel compounds in cellular systems, i.e., in cultured hepatocytes and liver endothelial cells. Both the iron complex, i.e., the complete mimic, and the ligand, i.e., the putative precursor of this mimic, provided protection against endothelial cell injury induced by exogenous hydrogen peroxide. Furthermore, the ligand--but not (or less so) the complex--strongly protected both cell types against iron-dependent hypothermic injury and hepatocytes against iron-induced cell injury and against iron-dependent, histidine-induced injury. Together, these results demonstrate that the putative catalase mimic precursor TAA-1 is able to protect cells against iron- and/or hydrogen peroxide-dependent cell injuries and that--in line with our initial concept--it is likely to exert its protection by both iron chelation and hydrogen peroxide degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Rauen
- Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Universitätsklinikum, Hufelandstrasse 55, D-45122 Essen, Germany.
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29
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Sun Y, Li T, Chen H, Zhang K, Zheng K, Mu Y, Yan G, Li W, Shen J, Luo G. Selenium-containing 15-Mer Peptides with High Glutathione Peroxidase-like Activity. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:37235-40. [PMID: 15148324 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m403032200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) is one of the most crucial antioxidant enzymes in a variety of organisms. Here we described a new strategy for generating a novel GPX mimic by combination of a phage-displayed random 15-mer peptide library followed by computer-aided rational design and chemical mutation. The novel GPX mimic is a homodimer consisting of a 15-mer selenopeptide with an appropriate catalytic center, a specific binding site for substrates, and high catalytic efficiency. Its steady state kinetics was also studied, and the values of k(cat)/K(m)(GSH) and k(cat)/ K(mH(2)O(2)) were found to be similar to that of native GPX and the highest among the existing GPX mimics. Moreover, the novel GPX mimic was confirmed to have a strong antioxidant ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation by measuring the content of malondialdehyde, cell viability, and lactate dehydrogenase activity. Importantly, the novel GPX mimic can penetrate into the cell membrane because of its small molecular size. These characteristics endue the novel mimic with potential perspective for pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Sun
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Changchun, Peoples Republic of China
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30
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Sun Y, Mu Y, Li W, Lv S, Jiang Z, Zhang K, Zheng K, Lin F, Yan G, Luo G, Liu J, Shen J. Protection of epidermal cells against UVB injury by the antioxidant selenium-containing single-chain Fv catalytic antibody. Arch Biochem Biophys 2003; 412:90-4. [PMID: 12646271 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-9861(03)00006-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The antioxidant effect of selenium-containing single-chain Fv catalytic antibody (Se-scFv2F3), a new mimic of glutathione peroxidase, was confirmed using a model system in which cultured rat skin epidermal cells were injured by ultraviolet B (UVB). The cell damage was characterized in terms of lipid peroxidation of the cells, cell viability, and cell membrane integrity. The injury effects of UVB and protection effects of Se-scFv2F3 on the cells were studied using the model system. UVB can damage the cells severely. Upon precultivation of the cells with 0.4U/ml Se-scFv2F3, however, the damage was significantly reduced as shown by the increase in cell viability, the decrease in the malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide levels, and the normalization of lactate dehydrogenase activity. In addition, a novel finding that Se-scFv2F3 can stimulate cultured epidermal cells to proliferate under certain conditions was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Sun
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 125 Jiefang Road, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
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31
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Yang X, Wang Q, Xu H. Synthesis of novel cyclomaltoheptaose (beta-cyclodextrin) derivatives containing the Ebselen key moiety of benzoisoselenazolone. Carbohydr Res 2002; 337:1309-12. [PMID: 12151211 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(02)00158-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A series of five novel cyclomaltoheptaose (beta-cyclodextrin) derivatives containing benzoisoselenazolone groups have been synthesized as glutathione peroxidase mimics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangliang Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, PR China.
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32
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Su D, Ren X, You D, Li D, Mu Y, Yan G, Zhang Y, Luo Y, Xue Y, Shen J, Liu Z, Luo G. Generation of three selenium-containing catalytic antibodies with high catalytic efficiency using a novel hapten design method. Arch Biochem Biophys 2001; 395:177-84. [PMID: 11697854 DOI: 10.1006/abbi.2001.2551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel strategy for design of haptens that were used to produce catalytic antibodies was developed and three monoclonal antibodies, 3G5, 2F3, and 5C9, were generated using this strategy. These monoclonal antibodies were converted into selenium-containing abzymes by chemically modifying the hydroxyl group of serines followed by sodium hydrogen selenide displacement. These selenium-containing abzymes exhibited remarkable glutathione peroxidase activity, which surpasses the activity of some native glutathione peroxidases. The activities of the selenium-containing abzymes Se-3G5, Se-2F3, and Se-5C9 which catalyzed reduction of hydroperoxides by glutathione were 2.23, 4.20, and 3.79 times that of rabbit liver glutathione peroxidase, respectively. Detailed steady-state kinetics study on Se-2F3 was carried out and the value of k(cat)/K(m) (H(2)O(2)) was found to be 2.11 x 10(7) M(-1) min(-1) which was supposed to be one of the highest among the known catalytic antibodies. The data of association constants and glutathione peroxidase activities of these catalytic antibodies and the steady-state kinetics of Se-2F3 showed that the method might be a remarkably efficient one for generating catalytic antibodies with glutathione peroxidase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Su
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
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33
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Su D, You D, Ren X, Luo G, Mu Y, Yan G, Xue Y, Shen J. Kinetics study of a selenium-containing ScFv catalytic antibody that mimics glutathione peroxidase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 286:189-94. [PMID: 11485327 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The steady-state kinetics study and some enzymatic characterization of a selenium-containing scFv catalytic antibody (Se-scFv2F3) were carried out. A novel reaction formula of this abzyme-catalyzed reaction was proposed and a rate equation was obtained according to the formula. The constants in the equation were compared with Dalziel's parameters and the exact meanings of these constants were analyzed. The obtained kinetics parameters from the kinetics study of Se-scFv2F3 were analyzed and compared with those of native glutathione peroxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Su
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
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34
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Su D, You D, Ren X, Luo G, Mu Y, Yan G, Xue Y, Shen J. Kinetics study of a selenium-containing ScFv catalytic antibody that mimics glutathione peroxidase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 285:702-7. [PMID: 11453650 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The steady state kinetic study and some enzymic characterization of a selenium-containing scFv catalytic antibody (Se-scFv2F3) was carried out. A novel reaction formula of this abzyme-catalyzed reaction was proposed and a rate equation was gotten according to the formula. The constants in the equation were compared with Dalziel's parameters and the exact meanings of these constants were analyzed. The gotten kinetics parameters from the kinetics study of Se-scFv2F3 were analyzed and compared with that of native glutathione peroxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Su
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
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35
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Mugesh G, du Mont WW, Sies H. Chemistry of biologically important synthetic organoselenium compounds. Chem Rev 2001; 101:2125-79. [PMID: 11710243 DOI: 10.1021/cr000426w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1230] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G Mugesh
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technischen Universität, Postfach 3329, D-38023 Braunschweig, Germany
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