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Schwartz M, Perrot T, Beurton J, Zannini F, Morel-Rouhier M, Gelhaye E, Neiers F, Schaniel D, Favier F, Jacquot JP, Leroy P, Clarot I, Boudier A, Didierjean C. Structural insights into the interactions of glutathione transferases with a nitric oxide carrier and sodium nitroprusside. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 649:79-86. [PMID: 36758482 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.01.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione transferases are detoxification enzymes with multifaceted roles, including a role in the metabolism and scavenging of nitric oxide (NO) compounds in cells. Here, we explored the ability of Trametes versicolor glutathione transferases (GSTs) from the Omega class (TvGSTOs) to bind metal-nitrosyl compounds. TvGSTOs have been studied previously for their ligandin role and are interesting models to study protein‒ligand interactions. First, we determined the X-ray structure of the TvGSTO3S isoform bound to the dinitrosyl glutathionyl iron complex (DNGIC), a physiological compound involved in the storage of nitric oxide. Our results suggested a different binding mode compared to the one previously described in human GST Pi 1 (GSTP1). Then, we investigated the manner in which TvGSTO3S binds three nonphysiological metal-nitrosyl compounds with different metal cores (iron, ruthenium and osmium). We assayed sodium nitroprusside, a well-studied vasodilator used in cases of hypertensive crises or heart failure. Our results showed that the tested GST can bind metal-nitrosyls at two distinct binding sites. Thermal shift analysis with six isoforms of TvGSTOs identified TvGSTO6S as the best interactant. Using the Griess method, TvGSTO6S was found to improve the release of nitric oxide from sodium nitroprusside in vitro, whereas the effects of human GST alpha 1 (GSTA1) and GSTP1 were moderate. Our results open new structural perspectives for understanding the interactions of glutathione transferases with metal-nitrosyl compounds associated with the biochemical mechanisms of NO uptake/release in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Schwartz
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, CRM2, F-54000, Nancy, France; CSGA, INRAE, University of Burgundy, CNRS, Institut Agro, F-21000, Dijon, France.
| | - Thomas Perrot
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, IAM, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Jordan Beurton
- Université de Lorraine, CITHEFOR, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | | | | | - Eric Gelhaye
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, IAM, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Fabrice Neiers
- CSGA, INRAE, University of Burgundy, CNRS, Institut Agro, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | | | | | | | - Pierre Leroy
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, IAM, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Igor Clarot
- Université de Lorraine, CITHEFOR, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Ariane Boudier
- Université de Lorraine, CITHEFOR, F-54000, Nancy, France
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Schultenkämper K, Gütle DD, López MG, Keller LB, Zhang L, Einsle O, Jacquot JP, Wendisch VF. Interrogating the Role of the Two Distinct Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolases of Bacillus methanolicus by Site-Directed Mutagenesis of Key Amino Acids and Gene Repression by CRISPR Interference. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:669220. [PMID: 33995334 PMCID: PMC8119897 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.669220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Gram-positive Bacillus methanolicus shows plasmid-dependent methylotrophy. This facultative ribulose monophosphate (RuMP) cycle methylotroph possesses two fructose bisphosphate aldolases (FBA) with distinct kinetic properties. The chromosomally encoded FBAC is the major glycolytic aldolase. The gene for the major gluconeogenic aldolase FBAP is found on the natural plasmid pBM19 and is induced during methylotrophic growth. The crystal structures of both enzymes were solved at 2.2 Å and 2.0 Å, respectively, and they suggested amino acid residue 51 to be crucial for binding fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) as substrate and amino acid residue 140 for active site zinc atom coordination. As FBAC and FBAP differed at these positions, site-directed mutagenesis (SDM) was performed to exchange one or both amino acid residues of the respective proteins. The aldol cleavage reaction was negatively affected by the amino acid exchanges that led to a complete loss of glycolytic activity of FBAP. However, both FBAC and FBAP maintained gluconeogenic aldol condensation activity, and the amino acid exchanges improved the catalytic efficiency of the major glycolytic aldolase FBAC in gluconeogenic direction at least 3-fold. These results confirmed the importance of the structural differences between FBAC and FBAP concerning their distinct enzymatic properties. In order to investigate the physiological roles of both aldolases, the expression of their genes was repressed individually by CRISPR interference (CRISPRi). The fba C RNA levels were reduced by CRISPRi, but concomitantly the fba P RNA levels were increased. Vice versa, a similar compensatory increase of the fba C RNA levels was observed when fba P was repressed by CRISPRi. In addition, targeting fba P decreased tkt P RNA levels since both genes are cotranscribed in a bicistronic operon. However, reduced tkt P RNA levels were not compensated for by increased RNA levels of the chromosomal transketolase gene tkt C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Schultenkämper
- Genetics of Prokaryotes, Faculty of Biology & CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Marina Gil López
- Genetics of Prokaryotes, Faculty of Biology & CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Laura B Keller
- Genetics of Prokaryotes, Faculty of Biology & CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Lin Zhang
- Institute for Biochemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Einsle
- Institute for Biochemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Volker F Wendisch
- Genetics of Prokaryotes, Faculty of Biology & CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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Valiauga B, Rouhier N, Jacquot JP, Čėnas N. Characterization of redox properties of FAD cofactor of Thermotoga maritima thioredoxin reductase. CHEMIJA 2020. [DOI: 10.6001/chemija.v31i3.4293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The fluorescence properties of FAD of Thermotoga maritima thioredoxin reductase (TmTR), taken together with the amino acid sequences and structures of similar TRs, are consistent with the interdomain rotation in the catalysis of TmTR. The standard redox potential of FAD of TmTR, –0.230 V, determined by the reactions with 3-acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide (APAD+/APADH) redox couple, is close to that of E. coli TR. During the reduction of duroquinone with TmTR, the transient formation of neutral FAD semiquinone, and, possibly, FADH2–NAD+ complex was observed. This shows that in spite of obligatory twoelectron (hydride)-transfer between NADH and physiological disulfide oxidants, the FAD cofactor of TmTR may exist under a stable semiquinone form.
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Jacquot JP. Phosphorus Chemistry. The Role of Phosphorus in Prebiotic Chemistry. By Yufen Zhao, Yan Liu, Xiang Gao and Pengxiang Xu. DeGruyter, 2018. Pp. XVI+166. EUR 119.95 USD 137.99 GBP 109.00, hardcover, ISBN 978-3-11-056237-8. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1107/s2059798319006272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Jacquot JP. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases. Structure, Signaling and Drug Discovery. Edited by L. G. Ahuja. De Gruyter, 2018. Pp. 282. Price (hardback) 139.95 EUR, 160.99 USD, 127 GBP. ISBN 978-3-11-042643-4. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1107/s2059798319004546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Jacquot JP. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 6th edition. Edited by Despo Papachristodoulou, Alison Snape, William H. Elliott and Daphne C. Elliott. Oxford University Press, 2018. Pp. 640. Price GBP 39.99, paperback, ISBN 9780198768111. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1107/s2059798318014377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Jacquot JP. Iron–Sulfur Clusters in Chemistry and Biology. Volume 2: Biochemistry, Biosynthesis and Human Diseases.Edited by Tracey Rouault. De Gruyter, 2017. Pp. xxi + 470. Price EUR 99.95, GBP 90.99, USD 140.00, hardcover, ISBN 978-3-11-047985-0. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1107/s2059798318004060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Jacquot JP. Iron–Sulfur Clusters in Chemistry and Biology. Volume 1: Characterization, Properties and Applications. Second edition. Edited by Tracey Rouault. De Gruyter, 2017. Pp. xv + 447. Price EUR 99.95, GBP 90.99, USD 114.99 hardcover, ISBN 978-3-11-047850-1. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1107/s205979831701645x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Selles B, Zannini F, Couturier J, Jacquot JP, Rouhier N. Atypical protein disulfide isomerases (PDI): Comparison of the molecular and catalytic properties of poplar PDI-A and PDI-M with PDI-L1A. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174753. [PMID: 28362814 PMCID: PMC5375154 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein disulfide isomerases are overwhelmingly multi-modular redox catalysts able to perform the formation, reduction or isomerisation of disulfide bonds. We present here the biochemical characterization of three different poplar PDI isoforms. PDI-A is characterized by a single catalytic Trx module, the so-called a domain, whereas PDI-L1a and PDI-M display an a-b-b’-a’ and a°-a-b organisation respectively. Their activities have been tested in vitro using purified recombinant proteins and a series of model substrates as insulin, NADPH thioredoxin reductase, NADP malate dehydrogenase (NADP-MDH), peroxiredoxins or RNase A. We demonstrated that PDI-A exhibited none of the usually reported activities, although the cysteines of the WCKHC active site signature are able to form a disulfide with a redox midpoint potential of -170 mV at pH 7.0. The fact that it is able to bind a [Fe2S2] cluster upon Escherichia coli expression and anaerobic purification might indicate that it does not have a function in dithiol-disulfide exchange reactions. The two other proteins were able to catalyze oxidation or reduction reactions, PDI-L1a being more efficient in most cases, except that it was unable to activate the non-physiological substrate NADP-MDH, in contrast to PDI-M. To further evaluate the contribution of the catalytic domains of PDI-M, the dicysteinic motifs have been independently mutated in each a domain. The results indicated that the two a domains seem interconnected and that the a° module preferentially catalyzed oxidation reactions whereas the a module catalyzed reduction reactions, in line with the respective redox potentials of -170 mV and -190 mV at pH 7.0. Overall, these in vitro results illustrate that the number and position of a and b domains influence the redox properties and substrate recognition (both electron donors and acceptors) of PDI which contributes to understand why this protein family expanded along evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Selles
- UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Université de Lorraine/ INRA, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Flavien Zannini
- UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Université de Lorraine/ INRA, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Jérémy Couturier
- UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Université de Lorraine/ INRA, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Jacquot
- UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Université de Lorraine/ INRA, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Nicolas Rouhier
- UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Université de Lorraine/ INRA, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- * E-mail:
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Gütle DD, Roret T, Hecker A, Reski R, Jacquot JP. Dithiol disulphide exchange in redox regulation of chloroplast enzymes in response to evolutionary and structural constraints. Plant Sci 2017; 255:1-11. [PMID: 28131337 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Redox regulation of chloroplast enzymes via disulphide reduction is believed to control the rates of CO2 fixation. The study of the thioredoxin reduction pathways and of various target enzymes lead to the following guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desirée D Gütle
- Université de Lorraine, UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, F-54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; INRA, UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, F-54280 Champenoux, France; Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestr. 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Thomas Roret
- Université de Lorraine, UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, F-54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; INRA, UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, F-54280 Champenoux, France
| | - Arnaud Hecker
- Université de Lorraine, UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, F-54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; INRA, UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, F-54280 Champenoux, France
| | - Ralf Reski
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestr. 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestr. 18, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jean-Pierre Jacquot
- Université de Lorraine, UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, F-54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; INRA, UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, F-54280 Champenoux, France.
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Cardi M, Zaffagnini M, De Lillo A, Castiglia D, Chibani K, Gualberto JM, Rouhier N, Jacquot JP, Esposito S. Plastidic P2 glucose-6P dehydrogenase from poplar is modulated by thioredoxin m-type: Distinct roles of cysteine residues in redox regulation and NADPH inhibition. Plant Sci 2016; 252:257-266. [PMID: 27717462 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A cDNA coding for a plastidic P2-type G6PDH isoform from poplar (Populus tremula x tremuloides) has been used to express and purify to homogeneity the mature recombinant protein with a N-terminus His-tag. The study of the kinetic properties of the recombinant enzyme showed an in vitro redox sensing modulation exerted by reduced DTT. The interaction with thioredoxins (TRXs) was then investigated. Five cysteine to serine variants (C145S - C175S - C183S - C195S - C242S) and a variant with a double substitution for Cys175 and Cys183 (C175S/C183S) have been generated, purified and biochemically characterized in order to investigate the specific role(s) of cysteines in terms of redox regulation and NADPH-dependent inhibition. Three cysteine residues (C145, C194, C242) are suggested to have a role in controlling the NADP+ access to the active site, and in stabilizing the NADPH regulatory binding site. Our results also indicate that the regulatory disulfide involves residues Cys175 and Cys183 in a position similar to those of chloroplastic P1-G6PDHs, but the modulation is exerted primarily by TRX m-type, in contrast to P1-G6PDH, which is regulated by TRX f. This unexpected specificity indicates differences in the mechanism of regulation, and redox sensing of plastidic P2-G6PDH compared to chloroplastic P1-G6PDH in higher plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Cardi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Univ. di Napoli "Federico II", I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Mirko Zaffagnini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Univ. di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessia De Lillo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Univ. di Napoli "Federico II", I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniela Castiglia
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Univ. di Napoli "Federico II", I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Kamel Chibani
- Université de Lorraine, UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, 54506, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; INRA, UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Centre INRA Nancy Lorraine, 54280, Champenoux, France
| | - José Manuel Gualberto
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire Des Plantes (IBMP), CNRS-UPR 2357, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Nicolas Rouhier
- Université de Lorraine, UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, 54506, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; INRA, UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Centre INRA Nancy Lorraine, 54280, Champenoux, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Jacquot
- Université de Lorraine, UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, 54506, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; INRA, UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Centre INRA Nancy Lorraine, 54280, Champenoux, France
| | - Sergio Esposito
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Univ. di Napoli "Federico II", I-80126 Napoli, Italy.
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Gütle DD, Roret T, Müller SJ, Couturier J, Lemaire SD, Hecker A, Dhalleine T, Buchanan BB, Reski R, Einsle O, Jacquot JP. Chloroplast FBPase and SBPase are thioredoxin-linked enzymes with similar architecture but different evolutionary histories. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:6779-84. [PMID: 27226308 PMCID: PMC4914176 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1606241113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Calvin-Benson cycle of carbon dioxide fixation in chloroplasts is controlled by light-dependent redox reactions that target specific enzymes. Of the regulatory members of the cycle, our knowledge of sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (SBPase) is particularly scanty, despite growing evidence for its importance and link to plant productivity. To help fill this gap, we have purified, crystallized, and characterized the recombinant form of the enzyme together with the better studied fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase), in both cases from the moss Physcomitrella patens (Pp). Overall, the moss enzymes resembled their counterparts from seed plants, including oligomeric organization-PpSBPase is a dimer, and PpFBPase is a tetramer. The two phosphatases showed striking structural homology to each other, differing primarily in their solvent-exposed surface areas in a manner accounting for their specificity for seven-carbon (sedoheptulose) and six-carbon (fructose) sugar bisphosphate substrates. The two enzymes had a similar redox potential for their regulatory redox-active disulfides (-310 mV for PpSBPase vs. -290 mV for PpFBPase), requirement for Mg(2+) and thioredoxin (TRX) specificity (TRX f > TRX m). Previously known to differ in the position and sequence of their regulatory cysteines, the enzymes unexpectedly showed unique evolutionary histories. The FBPase gene originated in bacteria in conjunction with the endosymbiotic event giving rise to mitochondria, whereas SBPase arose from an archaeal gene resident in the eukaryotic host. These findings raise the question of how enzymes with such different evolutionary origins achieved structural similarity and adapted to control by the same light-dependent photosynthetic mechanism-namely ferredoxin, ferredoxin-thioredoxin reductase, and thioredoxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desirée D Gütle
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Université de Lorraine, UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, F-54500 Vandœuvre-les-Nancy, France; Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRA), UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, F-54280 Champenoux, France; Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Roret
- Université de Lorraine, UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, F-54500 Vandœuvre-les-Nancy, France; Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRA), UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, F-54280 Champenoux, France
| | - Stefanie J Müller
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jérémy Couturier
- Université de Lorraine, UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, F-54500 Vandœuvre-les-Nancy, France; Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRA), UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, F-54280 Champenoux, France
| | - Stéphane D Lemaire
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Université Paris 6, CNRS UMR 8226, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Hecker
- Université de Lorraine, UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, F-54500 Vandœuvre-les-Nancy, France; Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRA), UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, F-54280 Champenoux, France
| | - Tiphaine Dhalleine
- Université de Lorraine, UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, F-54500 Vandœuvre-les-Nancy, France; Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRA), UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, F-54280 Champenoux, France
| | - Bob B Buchanan
- Department of Plant & Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102;
| | - Ralf Reski
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS), 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Einsle
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS), 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Institute for Biochemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jean-Pierre Jacquot
- Université de Lorraine, UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, F-54500 Vandœuvre-les-Nancy, France; Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRA), UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, F-54280 Champenoux, France;
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Jacquot JP. History and Philosophy of Biology. By Robert Kretsinger. World Scientific, 2015. Pp. 364. Price GBP 38.00. ISBN 9789814635042. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr 2015. [DOI: 10.1107/s1399004715015163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Valiauga B, Rouhier N, Jacquot JP, Čėnas N. Quinone- and nitroreductase reactions of Thermotoga maritima thioredoxin reductase. Acta Biochim Pol 2015; 62:303-9. [PMID: 26098718 DOI: 10.18388/abp.2015_1003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The Thermotoga maritima NADH:thioredoxin reductase (TmTR) contains FAD and a catalytic disulfide in the active center, and uses a relatively poorly studied physiological oxidant Grx-1-type glutaredoxin. In order to further assess the redox properties of TmTR, we used series of quinoidal and nitroaromatic oxidants with a wide range of single-electron reduction potentials (E(1)7, -0.49-0.09 V). We found that TmTR catalyzed the mixed single- and two-electron reduction of quinones and nitroaromatic compounds, which was much faster than the reduction of Grx-1. The reactivity of both groups of oxidants increased with an increase in their E(1)7, thus pointing to the absence of their structural specificity. The maximal rates of quinone reduction in the steady-state reactions were lower than the maximal rates of reduction of FAD by NADH, obtained in presteady-state experiments. The mixed-type reaction inhibition by NAD(+) was consistent with its competition for a NADH binding site in the oxidized enzyme form, and also with the reoxidation of the reduced enzyme form. The inhibition data yielded a value of the standard potential for TmTR of -0.31±0.03 V at pH 7.0, which may correspond to the FAD/FADH2 redox couple. Overall, the mechanism of quinone- and nitroreductase reactions of T. maritima TR was similar to the previously described mechanism of Arabidopsis thaliana TR, and points to their prooxidant and possibly cytotoxic role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjaminas Valiauga
- Institute of Biochemistry of Vilnius University, LT-08662 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Nicolas Rouhier
- Universite de Lorraine, Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, UMR1136, F-54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
- INRA, Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, UMR1136, F-54280 Champenoux, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Jacquot
- Universite de Lorraine, Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, UMR1136, F-54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
- INRA, Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, UMR1136, F-54280 Champenoux, France
| | - Narimantas Čėnas
- Institute of Biochemistry of Vilnius University, LT-08662 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Beijing Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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Couturier J, Wu HC, Dhalleine T, Pégeot H, Sudre D, Gualberto JM, Jacquot JP, Gaymard F, Vignols F, Rouhier N. Monothiol glutaredoxin-BolA interactions: redox control of Arabidopsis thaliana BolA2 and SufE1. Mol Plant 2014; 7:187-205. [PMID: 24203231 DOI: 10.1093/mp/sst156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A functional relationship between monothiol glutaredoxins and BolAs has been unraveled by genomic analyses and in several high-throughput studies. Phylogenetic analyses coupled to transient expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusions indicated that, in addition to the sulfurtransferase SufE1, which contains a C-terminal BolA domain, three BolA isoforms exist in Arabidopsis thaliana, BolA1 being plastidial, BolA2 nucleo-cytoplasmic, and BolA4 dual-targeted to mitochondria and plastids. Binary yeast two-hybrid experiments demonstrated that all BolAs and SufE1, via its BolA domain, can interact with all monothiol glutaredoxins. Most interactions between protein couples of the same subcellular compartment have been confirmed by bimolecular fluorescence complementation. In vitro experiments indicated that monothiol glutaredoxins could regulate the redox state of BolA2 and SufE1, both proteins possessing a single conserved reactive cysteine. Indeed, a glutathionylated form of SufE1 lost its capacity to activate the cysteine desulfurase, Nfs2, but it is reactivated by plastidial glutaredoxins. Besides, a monomeric glutathionylated form and a dimeric disulfide-bridged form of BolA2 can be preferentially reduced by the nucleo-cytoplasmic GrxS17. These results indicate that the glutaredoxin-BolA interaction occurs in several subcellular compartments and suggest that a redox regulation mechanism, disconnected from their capacity to form iron-sulfur cluster-bridged heterodimers, may be physiologically relevant for BolA2 and SufE1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Couturier
- a Université de Lorraine, Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, UMR1136, F-54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Cardi M, Chibani K, Castiglia D, Cafasso D, Pizzo E, Rouhier N, Jacquot JP, Esposito S. Overexpression, purification and enzymatic characterization of a recombinant plastidial glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from barley (Hordeum vulgare cv. Nure) roots. Plant Physiol Biochem 2013; 73:266-73. [PMID: 24161756 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In plant cells, the plastidial glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (P2-G6PDH, EC 1.1.1.49) represents one of the most important sources of NADPH. However, previous studies revealed that both native and recombinant purified P2-G6PDHs show a great instability and a rapid loss of catalytic activity. Therefore it has been difficult to describe accurately the catalytic and physico-chemical properties of these isoforms. The plastidial G6PDH encoding sequence from barley roots (Hordeum vulgare cv. Nure), devoid of a long plastidial transit peptide, was expressed as recombinant protein in Escherichia coli, either untagged or with an N-terminal his-tag. After purification from both the soluble fraction and inclusion bodies, we have explored its kinetic parameters, as well as its sensitivity to reduction. The obtained results are consistent with values determined for other P2-G6PDHs previously purified from barley roots and from other land plants. Overall, these data shed light on the catalytic mechanism of plant P2-G6PDH, summarized in a proposed model in which the sequential mechanism is very similar to the mammalian cytosolic G6PDH. This study provides a rational basis to consider the recombinant barley root P2-G6PDH as a good model for further kinetic and structural studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Cardi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy; Université de Lorraine, Unité Mixte de Recherches 1136 Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, F-54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; INRA, Unité Mixte de Recherches 1136 Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, F-54280 Champenoux, France
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Mathieu Y, Prosper P, Favier F, Harvengt L, Didierjean C, Jacquot JP, Morel-Rouhier M, Gelhaye E. Diversification of fungal specific class a glutathione transferases in saprotrophic fungi. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80298. [PMID: 24278272 PMCID: PMC3835915 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione transferases (GSTs) form a superfamily of multifunctional proteins with essential roles in cellular detoxification processes and endogenous metabolism. The distribution of fungal-specific class A GSTs was investigated in saprotrophic fungi revealing a recent diversification within this class. Biochemical characterization of eight GSTFuA isoforms from Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Coprinus cinereus demonstrated functional diversity in saprotrophic fungi. The three-dimensional structures of three P. chrysosporium isoforms feature structural differences explaining the functional diversity of these enzymes. Competition experiments between fluorescent probes, and various molecules, showed that these GSTs function as ligandins with various small aromatic compounds, derived from lignin degradation or not, at a L-site overlapping the glutathione binding pocket. By combining genomic data with structural and biochemical determinations, we propose that this class of GST has evolved in response to environmental constraints induced by wood chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Mathieu
- Université de Lorraine, IAM, UMR 1136, IFR 110 EFABA, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France ; INRA, IAM, UMR 1136, Champenoux, France ; Laboratoire de biotechnologie, Pôle Biotechnologie et Sylviculture Avancée, FCBA, Campus Forêt-Bois de Pierroton, Cestas, France
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Thuillier A, Roret T, Favier F, Gelhaye E, Jacquot JP, Didierjean C, Morel-Rouhier M. Atypical features of a Ure2p glutathione transferase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium. FEBS Lett 2013; 587:2125-30. [PMID: 23711374 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Revised: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione transferases (GSTs) are known to transfer glutathione onto small hydrophobic molecules in detoxification reactions. The GST Ure2pB1 from Phanerochaete chrysosporium exhibits atypical features, i.e. the presence of two glutathione binding sites and a high affinity towards oxidized glutathione. Moreover, PcUre2pB1 is able to efficiently deglutathionylate GS-phenacylacetophenone. Catalysis is not mediated by the cysteines of the protein but rather by the one of glutathione and an asparagine residue plays a key role in glutathione stabilization. Interestingly PcUre2pB1 interacts in vitro with a GST of the omega class. These properties are discussed in the physiological context of wood degrading fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Thuillier
- Université de Lorraine, IAM, UMR 1136, IFR 110 EFABA,Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy F-54506, France
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Couturier J, Prosper P, Winger AM, Hecker A, Hirasawa M, Knaff DB, Gans P, Jacquot JP, Navaza A, Haouz A, Rouhier N. In the absence of thioredoxins, what are the reductants for peroxiredoxins in Thermotoga maritima? Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 18:1613-22. [PMID: 22866991 PMCID: PMC3613187 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.4739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Three peroxiredoxins (Prxs) were identified in Thermotoga maritima, which possesses neither glutathione nor typical thioredoxins: one of the Prx6 class; one 2-Cys PrxBCP; and a unique hybrid protein containing an N-terminal 1-Cys PrxBCP domain fused to a flavin mononucleotide-containing nitroreductase (Ntr) domain. No peroxidase activity was detected for Prx6, whereas both bacterioferritin comigratory proteins (BCPs) were regenerated by a NADH/thioredoxin reductase/glutaredoxin (Grx)-like system, constituting a unique peroxide removal system. Only two of the three Grx-like proteins were able to support peroxidase activity. The inability of TmGrx1 to regenerate oxidized 2-Cys PrxBCP probably results from the thermodynamically unfavorable difference in their disulfide/dithiol E(m) values, -150 and -315 mV, respectively. Mutagenesis of the Prx-Ntr fusion, combined with kinetic and structural analyses, indicated that electrons are not transferred between its two domains. However, their separate activities could function in a complementary manner, with peroxide originating from the chromate reductase activity of the Ntr domain reduced by the Prx domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Couturier
- Unité Mixte de Recherches 1136 INRA-Lorraine Université, Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, IFR 110, Faculté des Sciences, Vandoeuvre Cedex, France
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Azri W, Brunel N, Franchel J, Ben Rejeb I, Jacquot JP, Julien JL, Herbette S, Roeckel-Drevet P. Putative involvement of Thioredoxin h in early response to gravitropic stimulation of poplar stems. J Plant Physiol 2013; 170:707-11. [PMID: 23466129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2012.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Gravity perception and gravitropic response are essential for plant development. In herbaceous species, it is widely accepted that one of the primary events in gravity perception involves the displacement of amyloplasts within specialized cells. However, the early signaling events leading to stem reorientation are not fully known, especially in woody species in which primary and secondary growth occur. Thirty-six percent of the identified proteins that were differentially expressed after gravistimulation were established as potential Thioredoxin targets. In addition, Thioredoxin h expression was induced following gravistimulation. In situ immunolocalization indicated that Thioredoxin h protein co-localized with the amyloplasts located in the endodermal cells. These investigations suggest the involvement of Thioredoxin h in the first events of signal transduction in inclined poplar stems, leading to reaction wood formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassim Azri
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Physiologie Végétales, Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, campus universitaire, 1060, Tunis, Tunisia.
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Morel M, Meux E, Mathieu Y, Thuillier A, Chibani K, Harvengt L, Jacquot JP, Gelhaye E. Xenomic networks variability and adaptation traits in wood decaying fungi. Microb Biotechnol 2013; 6:248-63. [PMID: 23279857 PMCID: PMC3815920 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Revised: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal degradation of wood is mainly restricted to basidiomycetes, these organisms having developed complex oxidative and hydrolytic enzymatic systems. Besides these systems, wood-decaying fungi possess intracellular networks allowing them to deal with the myriad of potential toxic compounds resulting at least in part from wood degradation but also more generally from recalcitrant organic matter degradation. The members of the detoxification pathways constitute the xenome. Generally, they belong to multigenic families such as the cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and the glutathione transferases. Taking advantage of the recent release of numerous genomes of basidiomycetes, we show here that these multigenic families are extended and functionally related in wood-decaying fungi. Furthermore, we postulate that these rapidly evolving multigenic families could reflect the adaptation of these fungi to the diversity of their substrate and provide keys to understand their ecology. This is of particular importance for white biotechnology, this xenome being a putative target for improving degradation properties of these fungi in biomass valorization purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Morel
- Université de Lorraine, IAM, UMR 1136, IFR 110 EFABA, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, F-54506, France.
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Couturier J, Chibani K, Jacquot JP, Rouhier N. Cysteine-based redox regulation and signaling in plants. Front Plant Sci 2013; 4:105. [PMID: 23641245 PMCID: PMC3638127 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Living organisms are subjected to oxidative stress conditions which are characterized by the production of reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur species. In plants as in other organisms, many of these compounds have a dual function as they damage different types of macromolecules but they also likely fulfil an important role as secondary messengers. Owing to the reactivity of their thiol groups, some protein cysteine residues are particularly prone to oxidation by these molecules. In the past years, besides their recognized catalytic and regulatory functions, the modification of cysteine thiol group was increasingly viewed as either protective or redox signaling mechanisms. The most physiologically relevant reversible redox post-translational modifications (PTMs) are disulfide bonds, sulfenic acids, S-glutathione adducts, S-nitrosothiols and to a lesser extent S-sulfenyl-amides, thiosulfinates and S-persulfides. These redox PTMs are mostly controlled by two oxidoreductase families, thioredoxins and glutaredoxins. This review focuses on recent advances highlighting the variety and physiological roles of these PTMs and the proteomic strategies used for their detection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nicolas Rouhier
- *Correspondence: Nicolas Rouhier, UMR1136 Université de Lorraine-INRA, Interactions Arbres/Micro-organismes, Faculté des Sciences, BP 239, 54506 Vandoeuvre, France. e-mail:
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Couturier J, Jacquot JP, Rouhier N. Toward a refined classification of class I dithiol glutaredoxins from poplar: biochemical basis for the definition of two subclasses. Front Plant Sci 2013; 4:518. [PMID: 24385978 PMCID: PMC3866529 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Glutaredoxins (Grxs) are small oxidoreductases particularly specialized in the reduction of protein-glutathione adducts. Compared to other eukaryotic organisms, higher plants present an increased diversity of Grxs which are organized into four classes. This work presents a thorough comparative analysis of the biochemical and catalytic properties of dithiol class I Grxs from poplar, namely GrxC1, GrxC2, GrxC3, and GrxC4. By evaluating the in vitro oxidoreductase activity of wild type and cysteine mutated variants and by determining their dithiol-disulfide redox potentials, pK a values of the catalytic cysteine, redox state changes in response to oxidative treatments, two subgroups can be distinguished. In accordance with their probable quite recent duplication, GrxC1 and GrxC2 are less efficient catalysts for the reduction of dehydroascorbate and hydroxyethyldisulfide compared to GrxC3 and GrxC4, and they can form covalent dimers owing to the presence of an additional C-terminal cysteine (Cys C ). Interestingly, the second active site cysteine (CysB) influences the reactivity of the catalytic cysteine (CysA) in GrxC1 and GrxC2 as already observed with GrxC5 (restricted to A. thaliana), but not in GrxC3 and C4. However, all proteins can form an intramolecular disulfide between the two active site cysteines (CysA-CysB) which could represent either a protective mechanism considering that this second cysteine is dispensable for deglutathionylation reaction or a true catalytic intermediate occurring during the reduction of particular disulfide substrates or in specific conditions or compartments where glutathione levels are insufficient to support Grx regeneration. Overall, in addition to their different sub-cellular localization and expression pattern, the duplication and maintenance along evolution of several class I Grxs in higher plants can be explained by the existence of differential biochemical and catalytic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Couturier
- Interactions Arbres - Microorganismes, Université de Lorraine, UMR1136Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Interactions Arbres - Microorganismes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1136Champenoux, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Jacquot
- Interactions Arbres - Microorganismes, Université de Lorraine, UMR1136Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Interactions Arbres - Microorganismes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1136Champenoux, France
| | - Nicolas Rouhier
- Interactions Arbres - Microorganismes, Université de Lorraine, UMR1136Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Interactions Arbres - Microorganismes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1136Champenoux, France
- *Correspondence: Nicolas Rouhier, Faculté des Sciences, Interactions Arbres - Microorganismes, Université de Lorraine, UMR1136, BP 239, 54506 Vandoeuvre, France e-mail:
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Buchanan BB, Holmgren A, Jacquot JP, Scheibe R. Fifty years in the thioredoxin field and a bountiful harvest. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2012; 1820:1822-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Meux E, Morel M, Lamant T, Gérardin P, Jacquot JP, Dumarçay S, Gelhaye E. New substrates and activity of Phanerochaete chrysosporium Omega glutathione transferases. Biochimie 2012; 95:336-46. [PMID: 23063695 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Omega glutathione transferases (GSTO) constitute a family of proteins with variable distribution throughout living organisms. It is notably expanded in several fungi and particularly in the wood-degrading fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium, raising questions concerning the function(s) and potential redundancy of these enzymes. Within the fungal families, GSTOs have been poorly studied and their functions remain rather sketchy. In this study, we have used fluorescent compounds as activity reporters to identify putative ligands. Experiments using 5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate as a tool combined with mass analyses showed that GSTOs are able to cleave ester bonds. Using this property, we developed a specific activity-based profiling method for identifying ligands of PcGSTO3 and PcGSTO4. The results suggest that GSTOs could be involved in the catabolism of toxic compounds like tetralone derivatives. Biochemical investigations demonstrated that these enzymes are able to catalyze deglutathionylation reactions thanks to the presence of a catalytic cysteine residue. To access the physiological function of these enzymes and notably during the wood interaction, recombinant proteins have been immobilized on CNBr Sepharose and challenged with beech wood extracts. Coupled with GC-MS experiments this ligand fishing method allowed to identify terpenes as potential substrates of Omega GST suggesting a physiological role during the wood-fungus interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Meux
- UMR 1136 INRA-UHP Interactions Arbres/Micro-Organismes, IFR110 Ecosystèmes Forestiers, Agroressources, Bioprocédés et Alimentation, Université de Lorraine, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, BP 70239, 54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
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Smiri M, Chaoui A, Rouhier N, Gelhaye E, Jacquot JP, El Ferjani E. Retraction notice to "Effect of cadmium on resumption of respiration in cotyledons of germinating pea seeds" [Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 73(6) (2010) 1246–1254]. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2012; 84:360. [PMID: 23106072 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
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Couturier J, Vignols F, Jacquot JP, Rouhier N. Glutathione- and glutaredoxin-dependent reduction of methionine sulfoxide reductase A. FEBS Lett 2012; 586:3894-9. [PMID: 23022439 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2012.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Revised: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A natural fusion occurring between two tandemly repeated glutaredoxin (Grx) modules and a methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA) has been detected in Gracilaria gracilis. Using an in vivo yeast complementation assay and in vitro activity measurements, we demonstrated that this fusion enzyme was able to reduce methionine sulfoxide into methionine using glutathione as a reductant. Consistently, a poplar cytosolic MsrA can be regenerated in vitro by glutaredoxins with an efficiency comparable to that of thioredoxins, but using a different mechanism. We hypothesize that the glutathione/glutaredoxin system could constitute an evolutionary conserved alternative regeneration system for MsrA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Couturier
- UMR1136 Université de Lorraine-INRA, Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, IFR 110, Faculté des Sciences, 54500 Vandoeuvre, France.
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Mathieu Y, Prosper P, Buée M, Dumarçay S, Favier F, Gelhaye E, Gérardin P, Harvengt L, Jacquot JP, Lamant T, Meux E, Mathiot S, Didierjean C, Morel M. Characterization of a Phanerochaete chrysosporium glutathione transferase reveals a novel structural and functional class with ligandin properties. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:39001-11. [PMID: 23007392 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.402776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) form a superfamily of multifunctional proteins with essential roles in cellular detoxification processes. A new fungal specific class of GST has been highlighted by genomic approaches. The biochemical and structural characterization of one isoform of this class in Phanerochaete chrysosporium revealed original properties. The three-dimensional structure showed a new dimerization mode and specific features by comparison with the canonical GST structure. An additional β-hairpin motif in the N-terminal domain prevents the formation of the regular GST dimer and acts as a lid, which closes upon glutathione binding. Moreover, this isoform is the first described GST that contains all secondary structural elements, including helix α4' in the C-terminal domain, of the presumed common ancestor of cytosolic GSTs (i.e. glutaredoxin 2). A sulfate binding site has been identified close to the glutathione binding site and allows the binding of 8-anilino-1-naphtalene sulfonic acid. Competition experiments between 8-anilino-1-naphtalene sulfonic acid, which has fluorescent properties, and various molecules showed that this GST binds glutathionylated and sulfated compounds but also wood extractive molecules, such as vanillin, chloronitrobenzoic acid, hydroxyacetophenone, catechins, and aldehydes, in the glutathione pocket. This enzyme could thus function as a classical GST through the addition of glutathione mainly to phenethyl isothiocyanate, but alternatively and in a competitive way, it could also act as a ligandin of wood extractive compounds. These new structural and functional properties lead us to propose that this GST belongs to a new class that we name GSTFuA, for fungal specific GST class A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Mathieu
- Université de Lorraine, Interactions Arbre-Microorganismes, UMR 1136, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 110 EFABA, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy F-54506, France
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Anusevičius Ž, Misevičienė L, Šarlauskas J, Rouhier N, Jacquot JP, Čėnas N. Quinone- and nitroreductase reactions of Thermotoga maritima peroxiredoxin-nitroreductase hybrid enzyme. Arch Biochem Biophys 2012; 528:50-6. [PMID: 22982531 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2012.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/31/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Thermotoga maritima peroxiredoxin-nitroreductase hybrid enzyme (Prx-NR) consists of a FMN-containing nitroreductase (NR) domain fused to a peroxiredoxin (Prx) domain. These domains seem to function independently as no electron transfer occurs between them. The reduction of quinones and nitroaromatics by NR proceeded in a two-electron manner, and follows a 'ping-pong' scheme with sometimes pronounced inhibition by quinone substrate. The comparison of steady- and presteady-state kinetic data shows that in most cases, the oxidative half-reaction may be rate-limiting in the catalytic cycle of NR. The enzyme was inhibited by dicumarol, a classical inhibitor of oxygen-insensitive nitroreductases. The reduction of quinones and nitroaromatic compounds by Prx-NR was characterized by the linear dependence of their reactivity (logk(cat)/K(m)) on their single-electron reduction potentials E(7)(1), while the reactivity of quinones markedly exceeded the one with nitroaromatics. It shows that NR lacks the specificity for the particular structure of these oxidants, except their single-electron accepting potency and the rate of electron self-exchange. It points to the possibility of a single-electron transfer step in a net two-electron reduction of quinones and nitroaromatics by T. maritima Prx-NR, and to a significant diversity of the structures of flavoenzymes which may perform the two-electron reduction of quinones and nitroaromatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Žilvinas Anusevičius
- Institute of Biochemistry of Vilnius University, Mokslininkų 12, LT-08662 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Benyamina SM, Baldacci-Cresp F, Couturier J, Chibani K, Hopkins J, Bekki A, de Lajudie P, Rouhier N, Jacquot JP, Alloing G, Puppo A, Frendo P. TwoSinorhizobium melilotiglutaredoxins regulate iron metabolism and symbiotic bacteroid differentiation. Environ Microbiol 2012; 15:795-810. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2012.02835.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chibani K, Tarrago L, Gualberto JM, Wingsle G, Rey P, Jacquot JP, Rouhier N. Atypical thioredoxins in poplar: the glutathione-dependent thioredoxin-like 2.1 supports the activity of target enzymes possessing a single redox active cysteine. Plant Physiol 2012; 159:592-605. [PMID: 22523226 PMCID: PMC3375927 DOI: 10.1104/pp.112.197723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plant thioredoxins (Trxs) constitute a complex family of thiol oxidoreductases generally sharing a WCGPC active site sequence. Some recently identified plant Trxs (Clot, Trx-like1 and -2, Trx-lilium1, -2, and -3) display atypical active site sequences with altered residues between the two conserved cysteines. The transcript expression patterns, subcellular localizations, and biochemical properties of some representative poplar (Populus spp.) isoforms were investigated. Measurements of transcript levels for the 10 members in poplar organs indicate that most genes are constitutively expressed. Using transient expression of green fluorescent protein fusions, Clot and Trx-like1 were found to be mainly cytosolic, whereas Trx-like2.1 was located in plastids. All soluble recombinant proteins, except Clot, exhibited insulin reductase activity, although with variable efficiencies. Whereas Trx-like2.1 and Trx-lilium2.2 were efficiently regenerated both by NADPH-Trx reductase and glutathione, none of the proteins were reduced by the ferredoxin-Trx reductase. Only Trx-like2.1 supports the activity of plastidial thiol peroxidases and methionine sulfoxide reductases employing a single cysteine residue for catalysis and using a glutathione recycling system. The second active site cysteine of Trx-like2.1 is dispensable for this reaction, indicating that the protein possesses a glutaredoxin-like activity. Interestingly, the Trx-like2.1 active site replacement, from WCRKC to WCGPC, suppresses its capacity to use glutathione as a reductant but is sufficient to allow the regeneration of target proteins employing two cysteines for catalysis, indicating that the nature of the residues composing the active site sequence is crucial for substrate selectivity/recognition. This study provides another example of the cross talk existing between the glutathione/glutaredoxin and Trx-dependent pathways.
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Smiri M, Chaoui A, Rouhier N, Gelhaye E, Jacquot JP, Ferjani EE. Retraction notice to "Redox regulation of the glutathione reductase/iso-glutaredoxin system in germinating pea seed exposed to cadmium" [Plant Sci. 179 (5) (2010) 423-436]. Plant Sci 2012; 188-189:111. [PMID: 22525251 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2011.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
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Thuillier A, Ngadin AA, Thion C, Billard P, Jacquot JP, Gelhaye E, Morel M. Functional diversification of fungal glutathione transferases from the ure2p class. Int J Evol Biol 2011; 2011:938308. [PMID: 22164343 PMCID: PMC3227518 DOI: 10.4061/2011/938308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The glutathione-S-transferase (GST) proteins represent an extended family involved in detoxification processes. They are divided into various classes with high diversity in various organisms. The Ure2p class is especially expanded in saprophytic fungi compared to other fungi. This class is subdivided into two subclasses named Ure2pA and Ure2pB, which have rapidly diversified among fungal phyla. We have focused our analysis on Basidiomycetes and used Phanerochaete chrysosporium as a model to correlate the sequence diversity with the functional diversity of these glutathione transferases. The results show that among the nine isoforms found in P. chrysosporium, two belonging to Ure2pA subclass are exclusively expressed at the transcriptional level in presence of polycyclic aromatic compounds. Moreover, we have highlighted differential catalytic activities and substrate specificities between Ure2pA and Ure2pB isoforms. This diversity of sequence and function suggests that fungal Ure2p sequences have evolved rapidly in response to environmental constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Thuillier
- Unité Mixte de Recherches INRA UHP 1136 Interaction Arbres Microorganismes, IFR 110 Ecosystèmes Forestiers, Agroressources, Bioprocédés et Alimentation, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Nancy Université BP 70239, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
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Cardi M, Chibani K, Cafasso D, Rouhier N, Jacquot JP, Esposito S. Abscisic acid effects on activity and expression of barley (Hordeum vulgare) plastidial glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. J Exp Bot 2011; 62:4013-23. [PMID: 21464159 PMCID: PMC3134356 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/err100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Total glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activity, protein abundance, and transcript levels of G6PDH isoforms were measured in response to exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) supply to barley (Hordeum vulgare cv Nure) hydroponic culture. Total G6PDH activity increased by 50% in roots treated for 12 h with exogenous 0.1 mM ABA. In roots, a considerable increase (35%) in plastidial P2-G6PDH transcript levels was observed during the first 3 h of ABA treatment. Similar protein variations were observed in immunoblotting analyses. In leaves, a 2-fold increase in total G6PDH activity was observed after ABA treatment, probably related to an increase in the mRNA level (increased by 50%) and amount of protein (increased by 85%) of P2-G6PDH. Together these results suggest that the plastidial P2-isoform plays an important role in ABA-treated barley plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Cardi
- Dipartimento di Biologia Strutturale e Funzionale, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Unité Mixte de Recherche INRA-UHP 1136, Interactions Arbres/Micro-organismes, Université Henri Poincaré, IFR 110, Faculté des Sciences, BP 239 54506 Vandoeuvre Cedex France
| | - Kamel Chibani
- Unité Mixte de Recherche INRA-UHP 1136, Interactions Arbres/Micro-organismes, Université Henri Poincaré, IFR 110, Faculté des Sciences, BP 239 54506 Vandoeuvre Cedex France
| | - Donata Cafasso
- Dipartimento di Biologia Strutturale e Funzionale, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Nicolas Rouhier
- Unité Mixte de Recherche INRA-UHP 1136, Interactions Arbres/Micro-organismes, Université Henri Poincaré, IFR 110, Faculté des Sciences, BP 239 54506 Vandoeuvre Cedex France
| | - Jean-Pierre Jacquot
- Unité Mixte de Recherche INRA-UHP 1136, Interactions Arbres/Micro-organismes, Université Henri Poincaré, IFR 110, Faculté des Sciences, BP 239 54506 Vandoeuvre Cedex France
| | - Sergio Esposito
- Dipartimento di Biologia Strutturale e Funzionale, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Smiri M, Chaoui A, Rouhier N, Gelhaye E, Jacquot JP, El Ferjani E. Cadmium affects the glutathione/glutaredoxin system in germinating pea seeds. Biol Trace Elem Res 2011; 142:93-105. [PMID: 20552295 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-010-8749-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2010] [Accepted: 06/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of cadmium (Cd) on thiol and especially glutathione (GSH)-dependent reactions (glutathione content, glutaredoxin (Grx) content and activity, "glutathione" peroxidase (Gpx) activity, and glutathione reductase (GR) activity) in germinating pea seeds. Under Cd stress conditions, the overall activity as well as more specifically the expression of Grx C4 and Grx S12 increased. On the contrary, when incubated with Cd ions in vitro, the disulfide reductase activity of both isoforms was drastically inhibited. In the case of Grx C4, this correlated with the formation of protein dimers of 28 kDa as evidenced by electrophoresis analysis. Oxidative stress also affected the GSH status, since Cd treatment provoked (1) a pronounced stimulation in Gpx (a thioredoxin-dependent enzyme in plants) expression and (2) a drastic decrease in GR activity. These results are discussed in relation with the known contribution of Grx system to the thiol status during the germination of Cd-poisoned pea seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moêz Smiri
- Bio-Physiologie Cellulaires, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Zarzouna, Tunisia.
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Couturier J, Ströher E, Albetel AN, Roret T, Muthuramalingam M, Tarrago L, Seidel T, Tsan P, Jacquot JP, Johnson MK, Dietz KJ, Didierjean C, Rouhier N. Arabidopsis chloroplastic glutaredoxin C5 as a model to explore molecular determinants for iron-sulfur cluster binding into glutaredoxins. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:27515-27. [PMID: 21632542 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.228726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike thioredoxins, glutaredoxins are involved in iron-sulfur cluster assembly and in reduction of specific disulfides (i.e. protein-glutathione adducts), and thus they are also important redox regulators of chloroplast metabolism. Using GFP fusion, AtGrxC5 isoform, present exclusively in Brassicaceae, was shown to be localized in chloroplasts. A comparison of the biochemical, structural, and spectroscopic properties of Arabidopsis GrxC5 (WCSYC active site) with poplar GrxS12 (WCSYS active site), a chloroplastic paralog, indicated that, contrary to the solely apomonomeric GrxS12 isoform, AtGrxC5 exists as two forms when expressed in Escherichia coli. The monomeric apoprotein possesses deglutathionylation activity mediating the recycling of plastidial methionine sulfoxide reductase B1 and peroxiredoxin IIE, whereas the dimeric holoprotein incorporates a [2Fe-2S] cluster. Site-directed mutagenesis experiments and resolution of the x-ray crystal structure of AtGrxC5 in its holoform revealed that, although not involved in its ligation, the presence of the second active site cysteine (Cys(32)) is required for cluster formation. In addition, thiol titrations, fluorescence measurements, and mass spectrometry analyses showed that, despite the presence of a dithiol active site, AtGrxC5 does not form any inter- or intramolecular disulfide bond and that its activity exclusively relies on a monothiol mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Couturier
- Unité Mixte de Recherches 1136, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-Nancy Université, Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 110 Ecosystèmes Forestiers, Agroressources, Biomolécule et Alimentation, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
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Wang L, Ren X, Li Y, Rouhier N, Jacquot JP, Jin C, Xia B. 1H, 13C, and 15N resonance assignments of reduced GrxS14 from Populus tremula × tremuloides. Biomol NMR Assign 2011; 5:121-124. [PMID: 21086077 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-010-9282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/04/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
GrxS14 is a monothiol Glutaredoxin (Grx) from Populus tremula × tremuloides, which has a CGFS active site. GrxS14 is located in the chloroplasts and has been found to occur ether as an apo form or as a holo form with a [2Fe-2S] cluster. The holo form contains two monomers of apo GrxS14 bridged by the iron sulphur center, in the presence of two external glutathione molecules (Bandyopadhyay et al. 2008). The NMR assignments of the GrxS14 are essential for its solution structure determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Beijing Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Center, Peking University, People's Republic of China
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Meux E, Prosper P, Ngadin A, Didierjean C, Morel M, Dumarçay S, Lamant T, Jacquot JP, Favier F, Gelhaye E. Glutathione transferases of Phanerochaete chrysosporium: S-glutathionyl-p-hydroquinone reductase belongs to a new structural class. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:9162-73. [PMID: 21177852 PMCID: PMC3059006 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.194548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2010] [Revised: 12/17/2010] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium, a saprophytic basidiomycete, possesses a large number of cytosolic glutathione transferases, eight of them showing similarity to the Omega class. PcGSTO1 (subclass I, the bacterial homologs of which were recently proposed, based on their enzymatic function, to constitute a new class of glutathione transferase named S-glutathionyl-(chloro)hydroquinone reductases) and PcGSTO3 (subclass II related to mammalian homologs) have been investigated in this study. Biochemical investigations demonstrate that both enzymes are able to catalyze deglutathionylation reactions thanks to the presence of a catalytic cysteinyl residue. This reaction leads to the formation of a disulfide bridge between the conserved cysteine and the removed glutathione from their substrate. The substrate specificity of each isoform differs. In particular PcGSTO1, in contrast to PcGSTO3, was found to catalyze deglutathionylation of S-glutathionyl-p-hydroquinone substrates. The three-dimensional structure of PcGSTO1 presented here confirms the hypothesis that it belongs not only to a new biological class but also to a new structural class that we propose to name GST xi. Indeed, it shows specific features, the most striking ones being a new dimerization mode and a catalytic site that is buried due to the presence of long loops and that contains the catalytic cysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Meux
- From the UMR 1136 INRA-UHP “Interactions Arbres/Micro-Organismes,” IFR110 “Ecosystèmes Forestiers, Agroressources, Bioprocédés et Alimentation,”
| | - Pascalita Prosper
- the CRM2, Equipe Biocristallographie, UMR 7036 CNRS-UHP, Institut Jean Barriol, and
| | - Andrew Ngadin
- From the UMR 1136 INRA-UHP “Interactions Arbres/Micro-Organismes,” IFR110 “Ecosystèmes Forestiers, Agroressources, Bioprocédés et Alimentation,”
| | - Claude Didierjean
- the CRM2, Equipe Biocristallographie, UMR 7036 CNRS-UHP, Institut Jean Barriol, and
| | - Mélanie Morel
- From the UMR 1136 INRA-UHP “Interactions Arbres/Micro-Organismes,” IFR110 “Ecosystèmes Forestiers, Agroressources, Bioprocédés et Alimentation,”
| | - Stéphane Dumarçay
- the Laboratoire d'Études et de Recherches sur le Matériau Bois, EA UHP 4370, Nancy Université, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, BP 70239, 54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - Tiphaine Lamant
- From the UMR 1136 INRA-UHP “Interactions Arbres/Micro-Organismes,” IFR110 “Ecosystèmes Forestiers, Agroressources, Bioprocédés et Alimentation,”
| | - Jean-Pierre Jacquot
- From the UMR 1136 INRA-UHP “Interactions Arbres/Micro-Organismes,” IFR110 “Ecosystèmes Forestiers, Agroressources, Bioprocédés et Alimentation,”
| | - Frédérique Favier
- the CRM2, Equipe Biocristallographie, UMR 7036 CNRS-UHP, Institut Jean Barriol, and
| | - Eric Gelhaye
- From the UMR 1136 INRA-UHP “Interactions Arbres/Micro-Organismes,” IFR110 “Ecosystèmes Forestiers, Agroressources, Bioprocédés et Alimentation,”
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Couturier J, Didierjean C, Jacquot JP, Rouhier N. Engineered mutated glutaredoxins mimicking peculiar plant class III glutaredoxins bind iron–sulfur centers and possess reductase activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 403:435-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/13/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Smiri M, Chaoui A, Rouhier N, Kamel C, Gelhaye E, Jacquot JP, El Ferjani E. Cadmium induced mitochondrial redox changes in germinating pea seed. Biometals 2010; 23:973-84. [PMID: 20512401 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-010-9344-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2010] [Accepted: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria play an essential role in producing the energy required for seedling growth following imbibition. Heavy metals, such as cadmium impair mitochondrial functioning in part by altering redox regulation. The activities of two protein redox systems present in mitochondria, thioredoxin (Trx) and glutaredoxin (Grx), were analysed in the cotyledons and embryo of pea (Pisum sativum L.) germinating seeds exposed to toxic Cd concentration. Compared to controls, Cd-treated germinating seeds showed a decrease in total soluble protein content, but an increase in -SH content. Under Cd stress conditions, Grx and glutathione reductase (GR) activities as well as glutathione (GSH) concentrations decreased both in cotyledons and the embryo. Similar results were obtained with the Trx system: Trx and NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase (NTR) activities were not stimulated, whereas total NAD(P) contents diminished in the embryo. However, Cd enhanced the levels of all components of the Trx system in the cotyledons. On the other hand, Cd caused a significant increase in oxidative stress parameters such as the redox ratio of coenzymes (oxidized to reduced forms) and NAD(P)H oxidase activities. These results indicate that Cd induces differential redox responses on different seed tissues. We suggest that neither Grx system nor Trx one may improve the redox status of mitochondrial thiols in the embryo of germinating pea seeds exposed to Cd toxicity, but in the cotyledons the contribution of Trx/NTR/NADPH can be established in despite the vulnerability of the coenzyme pools due to enzymatic oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moêz Smiri
- Bio-Physiologie Cellulaires, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, 7021, Zarzouna, Tunisie.
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Abstract
Conditional control of plant cell function and development relies on appropriate signal perception, signal integration and processing. The development of high throughput technologies such as proteomics and interactomics has enabled the identification of protein interaction networks that mediate signal processing from inputs to appropriate outputs. Such networks can be depicted in graphical representations using nodes and edges allowing for the immediate visualization and analysis of the network's topology. Hubs are network elements characterized by many edges (often degree grade k ≥ 5) which confer a degree of topological importance to them. The review introduces the concept of networks, hubs and bottlenecks and describes four examples from plant science in more detail, namely hubs in the redox regulatory network of the chloroplast with ferredoxin, thioredoxin and peroxiredoxin, in mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase signal processing, in photomorphogenesis with the COP9 signalosome, COP1 and CDD, and monomeric GTPase function. Some guidance is provided to appropriate internet resources, web repositories, databases and their use. Plant networks can be generated from existing public databases and this type of analysis is valuable in support of existing hypotheses, or to allow for the generation of new concepts or ideas. However, intensive manual curating of in silico networks is still always necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Josef Dietz
- Plant Biochemistry and Physiology, Bielefeld University, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany.
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Smiri M, Chaoui A, Rouhier N, Gelhaye E, Jacquot JP, El Ferjani E. RETRACTED: Redox regulation of the glutathione reductase/iso-glutaredoxin system in germinating pea seed exposed to cadmium. Plant Sci 2010; 179:423-436. [PMID: 21802601 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2010.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2010] [Revised: 06/28/2010] [Accepted: 06/29/2010] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). The editors would like to confirm the retraction of this paper at the request of the co-authors who had no prior knowledge on the actions of the lead author. This article contains data that was duplicated in: Smiri M, Chaoui A, Rouhier N, Gelhaye E, Jacquot JP, El Ferjani E. Cadmium Affects the Glutathione/Glutaredoxin System in Germinating Pea Seeds. Biol. Trace Elem. Res., 142 (2010) 93-105, doi:10.1007/s12011-010-8749-3; Smiri M, Chaoui A, Rouhier N, Gelhaye E, Jacquot JP, El Ferjani E. Effect of cadmium on resumption of respiration in cotyledons of germinating pea seeds. Ecotox. Environ. Safe., 73 (2010) 1246-1254, doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2010.05.015; Smiri M, Chaoui A, Rouhier N, Gelhaye E, Jacquot JP, El Ferjani E. NAD pattern and NADH oxidase activity in pea (Pisum sativum L.) under cadmium toxicity. Physiol. Mol. Biol. Plants, 16 (2010) 305-315, doi:10.1007/s12298-010-0033-7; Smiri M, Chaoui A, Rouhier N, Gelhaye E, Jacquot JP, El Ferjani E. Oxidative damage and redox change in pea seeds treated with cadmium. C. R. Biol., 333 (2010) 801-807, doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2010.09.002; Smiri M, Chaoui A, Rouhier N, Kamel C, Gelhaye E, Jacquot JP, El Ferjani E. Cadmium induced mitochondrial redox changes in germinating pea seed. BioMetals, 23 (2010) 973-984, doi:10.1007/s10534-010-9344-y. The co-authors apologize for this unfortunate incident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moêz Smiri
- Bio-Physiologie Cellulaires, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia; Unité Mixte de Recherches, 1136 Interaction arbres-microorganismes INRA-Université Henri-Poincaré, IFR110, Faculté des Sciences, BP 239, 54506 Vandoeuvre cedex, France.
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Smiri M, Chaoui A, Rouhier N, Gelhaye E, Jacquot JP, El Ferjani E. Oxidative damage and redox change in pea seeds treated with cadmium. C R Biol 2010; 333:801-7. [PMID: 21146136 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2010.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2010] [Revised: 08/25/2010] [Accepted: 09/01/2010] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Pea seeds (Pisum sativum L.) were germinated by soaking in distilled water or 5mM CdCl2 for 5 days. The relationships among Cd treatment, germination rate, embryonic axis growth, NAD(P)H levels and NAD(P)H oxidase activities in mitochondrial and peroxisomal fractions of cotyledons and embryonic axis were investigated. Heavy metal stress provoked a diminution in germination percent and embryonic axis growth, as compared to the control. A drastic disorder in reducing power was imposed after exposure to cadmium. Heavy metal caused a significant increase in the redox ratio of coenzymes. NADPH oxidase is considered to be oxidative stress-related enzymes. The NAD(P)H oxidase activities were strongly stimulated after Cd exposure. The changes in redox and oxidative properties are discussed in relation to the delay in seed germination and embryonic axis growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moêz Smiri
- Biophysiologie cellulaires, faculté des sciences de Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia.
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Smiri M, Chaoui A, Rouhier N, Gelhaye E, Jacquot JP, El Ferjani E. Effect of cadmium on resumption of respiration in cotyledons of germinating pea seeds. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2010; 73:1246-54. [PMID: 20570353 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2010.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Revised: 05/14/2010] [Accepted: 05/17/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Pea seeds (Pisum sativum L.) were germinated by soaking in H2O or 5 mM CdCl2 during a 5-day period. Enzyme activities involved in respiratory metabolism were studied in cotyledons. Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase and NADH- and succinate-cytochrome c reductase activities were inhibited by cadmium treatment. The effects of Cd were performed in vivo and in vitro allowing to distinguish between the direct inhibition of the enzyme activities and the influence on the same enzymes into the cell environment. However, Cd exposure stimulated an enzyme activity of fermentation and inhibited the capacity of the enzyme inactivator (alcohol dehydrogenase inactivator). Moreover, the enzyme activities of NAD(P)H-recycling dehydrogenases via secondary pentose phosphate pathway, glucose-6-phosphate- and 6-phosphogluconate-dehydrogenases, were enhanced in Cd-stressed seeds. These disturbances suggest that cadmium may inflict a serious injury on renewal of respiration. The findings will help clarify the overall mechanisms that underlie cadmium-mediated toxicity in germinating seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moêz Smiri
- Bio-Physiologie Cellulaires, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia.
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Smiri M, Chaoui A, Rouhier N, Gelhaye E, Jacquot JP, El Ferjani E. NAD pattern and NADH oxidase activity in pea (Pisum sativum L.) under cadmium toxicity. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 2010; 16:305-315. [PMID: 23572980 PMCID: PMC3550678 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-010-0033-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Seeds of pea (Pisum sativum L.) were germinated for 5 days by soaking in distilled water or 5 mM cadmium chloride. Compared to the control, cadmium (Cd) caused a reduction in percent germination and embryo growth. Pyridine nucleotide coenzyme concentrations were determined in cotyledons and embryonic axis. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) oxidase activity was examined. Cd treatment caused a restriction in levels of reduced coenzyme form in the mitochondria and the post-mitochondrial fraction of cotyledons, and embryonic axis. The oxidized coenzyme form has been accumulated by Cd-treated mitochondria of both tissues. It was also found that NADH oxidase activity was stimulated. The relationship between coenzyme levels, seed germination, pea growth, and Cd stress has been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moêz Smiri
- />Bio-Physiologie Cellulaires, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisie
- />Unité Mixte de Recherches, 1136 Interaction arbres-microorganismes INRA-Université Henri-Poincaré, IFR110, Faculté des Sciences, BP 239, 54506 Vandoeuvre cedex, France
| | - Abdelilah Chaoui
- />Bio-Physiologie Cellulaires, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisie
| | - Nicolas Rouhier
- />Unité Mixte de Recherches, 1136 Interaction arbres-microorganismes INRA-Université Henri-Poincaré, IFR110, Faculté des Sciences, BP 239, 54506 Vandoeuvre cedex, France
| | - Eric Gelhaye
- />Unité Mixte de Recherches, 1136 Interaction arbres-microorganismes INRA-Université Henri-Poincaré, IFR110, Faculté des Sciences, BP 239, 54506 Vandoeuvre cedex, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Jacquot
- />Unité Mixte de Recherches, 1136 Interaction arbres-microorganismes INRA-Université Henri-Poincaré, IFR110, Faculté des Sciences, BP 239, 54506 Vandoeuvre cedex, France
| | - Ezzedine El Ferjani
- />Bio-Physiologie Cellulaires, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisie
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Chibani K, Couturier J, Selles B, Jacquot JP, Rouhier N. The chloroplastic thiol reducing systems: dual functions in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism and regeneration of antioxidant enzymes, emphasis on the poplar redoxin equipment. Photosynth Res 2010; 104:75-99. [PMID: 19902380 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-009-9501-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2009] [Accepted: 10/12/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The post-translational modification consisting in the formation/reduction of disulfide bonds has been the subject of intense research in plants since the discovery in the 1970s that many chloroplastic enzymes are regulated by light through dithiol-disulfide exchange reactions catalyzed by oxidoreductases called thioredoxins (Trxs). Further biochemical and proteomic studies have considerably increased the number of target enzymes and processes regulated by these mechanisms in many sub-cellular compartments. Recently, glutathionylation, a modification consisting in the reversible formation of a glutathione adduct on cysteine residues, was proposed as an alternative redox regulation mechanism. Glutaredoxins (Grxs), proteins related to Trxs, are efficient catalysts for deglutathionylation, the opposite reaction. Hence, the Trxs- and Grxs-dependent pathways might constitute complementary and not only redundant regulatory processes. This article focuses on these two multigenic families and associated protein partners in poplar and on their involvement in the regulation of some major chloroplastic processes such as stress response, carbohydrate and heme/chlorophyll metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamel Chibani
- Unité Mixte de Recherches 1136 INRA-Nancy Université, Interactions Arbre-Microorganismes IFR 110 EFABA, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
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Jacquot JP, Rouhier N. Stress in trees, the poplar model. Introduction. Photosynth Res 2010; 104:1-3. [PMID: 20431951 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-010-9550-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Jacquot
- Faculty of Sciences, UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres Microorganismes INRA UHP, IFR 110 Nancy University, Vandoeuvre, France.
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Couturier J, Jacquot JP, Rouhier N. Evolution and diversity of glutaredoxins in photosynthetic organisms. Cell Mol Life Sci 2009; 66:2539-57. [PMID: 19506802 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-009-0054-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2009] [Revised: 05/06/2009] [Accepted: 05/19/2009] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The genome sequencing of prokaryotic and eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms enables a comparative genomic study of the glutaredoxin (Grx) family. The analysis of 58 genomes, using a specific motif composed of the active site sequence and of amino acids involved in glutathione binding, led to an updated classification of Grxs into six classes. Only two classes (I and II) are common to all photosynthetic organisms. Eukaryotes and cyanobacteria have two specific Grx classes (classes III and IV and classes V and VI, respectively). The classes IV, V and VI have not yet been identified and contain multimodular Grx fusions. In addition, putative Grx partners were identified from the presence of fusion proteins, the conservation of gene order in bacterial operons, and the gene co-occurrence. The genes encoding class II Grxs and BolA/YrbA proteins are frequently adjacent, in the same transcriptional orientation in prokaryote genomes and present in the same organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Couturier
- Interactions Arbres Microorganismes, IFR 110 Génomique Ecophysiologie et Ecologie Fonctionnelles, Unité Mixte de Recherches 1136 INRA-Nancy Université, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
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Jacquot JP, Eklund H, Rouhier N, Schürmann P. Structural and evolutionary aspects of thioredoxin reductases in photosynthetic organisms. Trends Plant Sci 2009; 14:336-43. [PMID: 19446492 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2009.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2009] [Revised: 03/27/2009] [Accepted: 03/31/2009] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Thioredoxins (Trxs) are small oxidoreductases that are involved in redox homeostasis and are found in large numbers in the subcellular compartments of eukaryotic plant cells, including the chloroplasts. Also present in chloroplasts are two forms of thioredoxin reductase (TR), which use either NADPH or ferredoxin as an electron donor. In other compartments, two additional TR forms also use NADPH: one is distributed in all photosynthetic organisms and is similar to prokaryotic enzymes, whereas the other is restricted to algae and is similar to mammalian selenoproteins. Here, we review current knowledge of the different forms of TRs across organisms and discuss the possible evolutionary fate of this class of enzymes, which provide an example of convergent functional evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Jacquot
- Interactions Arbres Microorganismes UMR 1136, IFR 110, Nancy University, BP 239, 54506 Vandoeuvre Cedex, France.
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