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Li N, Zeng J, Sun F, Tong X, Meng G, Wu C, Ding X, Liu L, Han M, Lu C, Dai F. p27 inhibits CDK6/CCND1 complex formation resulting in cell cycle arrest and inhibition of cell proliferation. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:2335-2348. [PMID: 30317923 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1526598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
p27 plays critical roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, which have been well studied in mammals and Drosophila. However, the mechanisms underlying p27 regulation of the cell cycle have not been thoroughly researched. In this study, Genevestigator, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, and the Human Protein Atlas databases were used to analyze the expression of p27, cell division protein kinase 6 (CDK6), and cyclin D1 (CCND1), as well as its prognostic value in different tumor tissues and corresponding normal tissues. Quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of p27, CDK6, and CCND1 in the tissues of cancer patients. The effects of p27, CDK6, and CCND1 on the proliferation of lung cancer cells were examined by the MTT assay, and flow cytometry was used to investigate the mechanism by which p27 affected cell proliferation. Immunofluorescence, co-immunoprecipitation, and Western blotting were used to determine if p27 interacted with CDK and CCND1 to regulate the cell cycle. The results showed that p27, CDK6, and CCND1 played different roles in tumorigenesis and development, which are in accordance with CDK6 and CCND1 in affecting the cell cycle and cell proliferation. p27 regulated the cell cycle and inhibited cell proliferation by affecting formation of the cell cycle-dependent complex CDK6/CCND1, but did not directly affect the expression of CDK6 and CCND1. Moreover, CCND1 did not regulate the cell cycle alone, but rather, functioned together with CDK6. This study provides insights into the effects of p27 on tumor formation and development, and the underlying regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niannian Li
- a State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture , College of Biotechnology, Southwest University , Chongqing , China
| | - Jie Zeng
- a State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture , College of Biotechnology, Southwest University , Chongqing , China
| | - Fuze Sun
- a State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture , College of Biotechnology, Southwest University , Chongqing , China
| | - Xiaoling Tong
- a State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture , College of Biotechnology, Southwest University , Chongqing , China
| | - Gang Meng
- a State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture , College of Biotechnology, Southwest University , Chongqing , China
| | - Chunman Wu
- a State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture , College of Biotechnology, Southwest University , Chongqing , China
| | - Xin Ding
- a State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture , College of Biotechnology, Southwest University , Chongqing , China
| | - Lanlan Liu
- a State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture , College of Biotechnology, Southwest University , Chongqing , China
| | - Minjin Han
- a State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture , College of Biotechnology, Southwest University , Chongqing , China
| | - Cheng Lu
- a State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture , College of Biotechnology, Southwest University , Chongqing , China
| | - Fangyin Dai
- a State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture , College of Biotechnology, Southwest University , Chongqing , China
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Zhang MY, Wang JB, Zhu ZW, Li LJ, Liu RS, Yang XK, Leng RX, Li XM, Pan HF, Ye DQ. Differentially expressed circular RNAs in systemic lupus erythematosus and their clinical significance. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:1720-1727. [PMID: 30257390 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that circRNAs are diff ;erentially expressed in many diseases and can be used as new biomarker to facilitate disease diagnosis. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) microarray were used to identify dysregulated circRNAs in plasma of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Then, we confirmed the microarray data by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in both plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of SLE. One hundred and twelve circRNAs were identified to dysregulated expressed in plasma of SLE as compared to healthy controls. The results of qRT-PCR showed that the levels of hsa_circRNA_407176 and hsa_circRNA_001308 were decreased in both plasma and PBMCs of SLE when compared with healthy controls. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve area of hsa_circRNA_407176 and hsa_circRNA_001308 in plasma were 0.599 and 0.662, respectively. The area under the ROC curves of hsa_circRNA_407176, hsa_circRNA_406567 and hsa_circRNA_001308 in PBMCs were 0.806, 0.744, and 0.722, respectively. Our study illustrated that hsa_circRNA_407176 and hsa_circRNA_001308 in plasma and PBMCs could be potential biomarkers for SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yue Zhang
- Department of Medical Record Room, Medical Affairs, The Affiliated Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 99 Huangshan Road, Fuyang, Anhui 236000, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China
| | - Jie-Bing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China
| | - Lian-Ju Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China
| | - Rui-Shan Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ke Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Rui-Xue Leng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China
| | - Xiao-Mei Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hai-Feng Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China.
| | - Dong-Qing Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China.
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Kim H, Kwon YA, Ahn IS, Kim S, Kim S, Jo SA, Kim DK. Overexpression of Cell Cycle Proteins of Peripheral Lymphocytes in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease. Psychiatry Investig 2016; 13:127-34. [PMID: 26766955 PMCID: PMC4701676 DOI: 10.4306/pi.2016.13.1.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Biological markers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) will help clinicians make objective diagnoses early during the course of dementia. Previous studies have suggested that cell cycle dysregulation begins earlier than the onset of clinical manifestations in AD. METHODS We examined the lymphocyte expression of cell cycle proteins in AD patients, dementia controls (DC), and normal controls (NC). One-hundred seventeen subjects (36 AD, 31 DC, and 50 NC) were recruited. The cell cycle proteins CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, cyclin B, and cyclin D were measured in peripheral lymphocytes. Cell cycle protein expression in the three groups was compared after adjusting for age and sex. RESULTS The levels of cell cycle proteins CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, cyclin B, and cyclin D were significantly higher in AD patients than in the NC subjects. The DC group manifested intermediate levels of cell cycle proteins compared with the AD patients and the NC subjects. The present study indicates that cell cycle proteins are upregulated in the peripheral lymphocytes of AD patients. CONCLUSION Cell cycle dysregulation in peripheral lymphocytes may present a promising starting point for identifying peripheral biomarkers of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeran Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ah Kwon
- Center for Clinical Research, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Inn Sook Ahn
- Center for Clinical Research, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangha Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonwoo Kim
- Biostatistics Unit, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmee Ahn Jo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Doh Kwan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Center for Clinical Research, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Cell cycle and immune-related processes are significantly altered in chronic GVHD. Bone Marrow Transplant 2008; 41:1047-57. [PMID: 18332912 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2008.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the pathogenesis of chronic GVHD is unclear. To elucidate the molecular characteristics underlying chronic GVHD, we analyzed the gene expression profiles of 21 mononuclear cell samples from allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients. Self organizing map (SOM) clustering showed that the entire expression profiles of chronic GVHD samples were clearly different from those of the non-GVHD samples, and significance analysis of microarray (SAM) demonstrated that 120 genes, including PTDSS1, VAV1 and CD3D, were up-regulated, and 5 genes, including calnexin, were down-regulated in GVHD patients. Gene ontology annotation revealed that these genes are related to the phosphorous metabolism and lipid biosynthesis. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) experiments validated the up-regulation of PTDSS1, VAV1 and CD3D in separate samples. Pathway-wise global test revealed that differential gene expression in cell cycle and T cell immune-associated pathways were significant between GVHD patients and non-GVHD patients. Seventeen classifier genes selected using a PAM (prediction analysis of microarray) algorithm showed favorable performance (prediction accuracy=0.85) for identifying patients with chronic GVHD. In conclusion, we identified differentially expressed genes and pathways in chronic GVHD patients using microarray analysis, and we also selected diagnostic genes predicting chronic GVHD status.
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Abbady AQ, Bronner C, Bathami K, Muller CD, Jeanblanc M, Mathieu E, Klein JP, Candolfi E, Mousli M. TCR pathway involves ICBP90 gene down-regulation via E2F binding sites. Biochem Pharmacol 2005; 70:570-9. [PMID: 15964557 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2005.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2005] [Revised: 05/10/2005] [Accepted: 05/10/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Antigen-induced cell death is essential for function, growth and differentiation of T-lymphocytes through legation of the T cell receptor. Since TCR-induced cell death occurs at late G1 checkpoint of the cell cycle and considering that ICBP90 is critical for G1/S transition, we studied the ICBP90 regulation through the TCR pathway in Jurkat cells. ICBP90 expression was strongly decreased after TCR triggering concomitantly to cyclin D3 and topoisomerase IIalpha expression decreases. Cell stimulation with PMA and/or calcium ionophore A23187 down-regulated ICBP90 expression. The decrease of ICBP90 protein and mRNA expressions was accompanied with cell growth arrest. A luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that activation of TCR pathways inhibit ICBP90 gene promoter activity. Three consensus E2F binding sites (called from E2F-a to E2F-c) were identified in the ICBP90 gene promoter and were subjected to mutations. The E2F-a, located in a highly active promoter fragment, shows a strong positive functional activity in proliferating cells. E2F-a and E2F-c binding sites are involved in the TCR-induced down-regulation of ICBP90 gene transcription. Altogether, our data demonstrate that TCR signaling pathways regulate ICBP90 gene expression through pRb/E2F complex. We propose that ICBP90 down-regulation is a key event in G1 arrest preceding T cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul-Qader Abbady
- INSERM UMR-S 392, and Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Cellulaire & Moléculaire et Infection, Institut de Parasitolgie et de Pathologie Tropicale, Faculté de Médecine, 3 rue Koeberlé, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Han SN, Adolfsson O, Lee CK, Prolla TA, Ordovas J, Meydani SN. Vitamin E and gene expression in immune cells. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2005; 1031:96-101. [PMID: 15753137 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1331.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with dysregulation of immune cells, particularly T cells. Previous studies indicated that vitamin E improves T cell function, in part by a direct effect on T cells. We studied gene expression profile of T cells to better understand the underlying mechanisms of aging- and vitamin E-induced changes in T cell function. Young and old C57BL mice were fed diets containing 30 (control) or 500 (E) ppm of vitamin E for 4 weeks. T cells were purified from splenocytes by negative selection using magnetic beads (anti-Mac-1 and anti-MHC class II), then cultured with media or stimulated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28. Gene expression profile was assessed using microarray analysis. Genes showing more than two-fold changes, P < 0.05 by ANOVA, and with at least one present call were selected. Aging had significant effects on genes involved in signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, and apoptosis pathways in T cells, while vitamin E had a significant effect on genes associated with the regulation of cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Nim Han
- Nutritional Immunology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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Lawson BR, Baccala R, Song J, Croft M, Kono DH, Theofilopoulos AN. Deficiency of the cyclin kinase inhibitor p21(WAF-1/CIP-1) promotes apoptosis of activated/memory T cells and inhibits spontaneous systemic autoimmunity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 199:547-57. [PMID: 14970181 PMCID: PMC2211831 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20031685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A characteristic feature of systemic lupus erythematosus is the accumulation of activated/memory T and B cells. These G0/G1-arrested cells express high levels of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors such as p21, are resistant to proliferation and apoptosis, and produce large amounts of proinflammatory cytokines. Herein, we show that ablation of p21 in lupus-prone mice allows these cells to reenter the cell cycle and undergo apoptosis, leading to autoimmune disease reduction. Absence of p21 resulted in enhanced Fas/FasL-mediated activation-induced T cell death, increased activation of procaspases 8 and 3, and loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential. Increased apoptosis was also associated with p53 up-regulation and a modest shift in the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 toward the proapoptotic Bax. Proliferation and apoptosis of B cells were also increased in p21−/− lupus mice. Thus, modulation of the cell cycle pathway may be a novel approach to reduce apoptosis-resistant pathogenic lymphocytes and to ameliorate systemic autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian R Lawson
- Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Witkowski JM, Bryl E. Paradoxical age-related cell cycle quickening of human CD4+ lymphocytes: a role for cyclin D1 and calpain. Exp Gerontol 2004; 39:577-85. [PMID: 15050293 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2003.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2003] [Revised: 08/22/2003] [Accepted: 10/07/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Precise determination of cell cycle length and G(0)-->G(1) transition time of CD4(+) lymphocytes in relation to age was never done before. We show that the cell cycle of healthy elderly donors' CD4(+) cells is significantly shorter, while time to the first division (G(0)-->G(1)) extended compared to cells of young people. The G(0)-->G(1) time inversely correlates with cycle length and the number of CD28 molecules. Quickening of elderly CD4(+) cell divisions depends on overexpression of cyclin D1, possibly related to lowered proteolytic degradation by calpain. Apoptosis eliminates most of responding cells after only one or two divisions, especially in older donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek M Witkowski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 7, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland.
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Hale TJ, Richardson BC, Sweet LI, McElligott DL, Riggs JE, Chu EB, Glynn JM, LaFrenz D, Ernst DN, Rochford R, Hobbs MV. Age-related changes in mature CD4+ T cells: cell cycle analysis. Cell Immunol 2002; 220:51-62. [PMID: 12718939 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-8749(03)00007-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
T cell proliferative responses decrease with age, but the mechanisms responsible are unknown. We examined the impact of age on memory and naive CD4(+) T cell entry and progression through the cell cycle using acridine orange to identify cell cycle stage. For both subsets, fewer stimulated cells from old donors were able to enter and progress through the first cell cycle, with an increased number of cells arrested in G(0) and fewer cells in post G(0) phases. The number of dead cells as assessed by sub-G(0) DNA was also significantly greater in the old group. CD4(+) T cells from old mice also exhibited a significant reduction in clonal history as assessed by CFSE staining. This was associated with a significant decline in cyclin D2 mRNA and protein. We propose that decreases in cyclin D2 are at least partially responsible for the proliferative decline found in aged CD4(+) T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Hale
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0940, USA
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Odom DP, Grossel MJ. Using the two-hybrid screen in the classroom laboratory. CELL BIOLOGY EDUCATION 2002; 1:43-62. [PMID: 12587032 PMCID: PMC118369 DOI: 10.1187/cbe.02-02-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2002] [Revised: 04/10/2002] [Accepted: 04/24/2002] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The National Science Foundation and others have made compelling arguments that research be incorporated into the learning of undergraduates. In response to these arguments, a two-hybrid research project was incorporated into a molecular biology course that contained both a lecture section and a laboratory section. The course was designed around specific goals for educational outcomes, including introducing research to a wide range of students, teaching students experimental design and data analysis, and enhancing understanding of course material. Additional goals included teaching students to search genomic databases, to access scientific articles, and to write a paper in scientific format. Graded events tested these goals, and a student evaluation indicated student perception of the project. According to our analysis of the data, the yeast two-hybrid screen was a success: several novel clones were identified; students met expectations on graded lab reports, the poster session, and the final paper; and evaluations indicated that students had achieved the outlined goals. Students indicated on the evaluations that the research project increased their interest in research and greatly improved understanding of the course material. Finally, several students in the course intend to submit the findings of the research project to an undergraduate research journal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Odom
- Connecticut College, New London, Connecticut 06320, USA
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Chapter 7 Altered T-lymphocyte calcium signaling and age-related disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1566-3124(02)10019-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Abstract
The present review on aging research in Switzerland describes ongoing gerontological and geriatric research in the field of both basic science and clinical research. Although Switzerland is situated at the rear end of the scale in regard of size or number of inhabitants, the number of high quality research groups per inhabitant positions it amongst the leading countries in the Western world. Being a small country Switzerland counts only five universities with clinical affiliations. Aging research in Switzerland therefore does not cover all areas of this rapidly developing discipline but some of the scientific contributions are mirrored in highest scored journals or others focus on topics that clearly bridge geriatric research and research on cellular and molecular mechanisms of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Irminger-Finger
- Department of Geriatrics, Louis Jeantet Laboratory of Aging, University of Geneva, 2 ch. Petit-Bel-Air, 1225 Chene-Bourg, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Li QS, Tanaka S, Kisenge RR, Toyoda H, Azuma E, Komada Y. Activation-induced T cell death occurs at G1A phase of the cell cycle. Eur J Immunol 2000; 30:3329-37. [PMID: 11093149 DOI: 10.1002/1521-4141(200011)30:11<3329::aid-immu3329>3.0.co;2-#] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral negative selection of cycling T cells after TCR engagement and deletion of activated T cells after an immune response occur by an apoptotic process termed activation-induced cell death (AICD). The cross-linking of TCR-CD3 complex with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody led to significant apoptotic cell death in peripheral blood T cells. To further define cell cycle restriction points for triggering AICD in T cells, we evaluated the association between cell cycle progression and death signal transduction. Simultaneous DNA / RNA quantification analysis revealed that T cells entering G1A phase of the cell cycle may acquire sensitivity to AICD. The activation of caspase-3 was induced when T cells entered G1A phase. Up-regulation of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk4 and Cdk6) and cyclin D3 was initiated in TCR-stimulated T cells entering G1A phase and expression of these markers steadily increased as T cells progressed from G1A into G1B phase. Interestingly, caspase-3 inhibitors could inhibit the up-regulation of these G1 cell cycle regulators and induce G0 / G1A arrest as well as the inhibition of AICD. On the basis of these results, AICD signals are most likely transduced into TCR-stimulated T cells entering G1A phase. T cells that fail to progress from G1A into G1B phase undergo AICD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q S Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Mie University School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
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Abstract
Human lymphocytes flown on the Space Shuttle respond poorly to mitogen stimulation and populations of the lymphoblastoid T cell line, Jurkat, manifest growth arrest, increase in apoptosis and time- and microgravity-dependent increases in the soluble form of the cell death factor, Fas/APO-1 (sFas). The potential role of apoptosis in population dynamics of space-flown lymphocytes has not been investigated previously. We flew Jurkat cells on Space Transportation System (STS)-80 and STS-95 to determine whether apoptosis and the apparent microgravity-related release of sFas are characteristic of lymphocytes in microgravity. The effects of spaceflight and ground-based tests simulating spaceflight experimental conditions, including high cell density and low serum concentration, were assessed. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed increased cell associated Fas in flown cells. Results of STS-80 and STS-95 confirmed increase in apoptosis during spaceflight and the release of sFas as a repeatable, time-dependent and microgravity-related response. Ground-based tests showed that holding cells at 1.5 million/ml in medium containing 2% serum before launch did not increase sFas. Reports of increased Fas in cells of the elderly and the increases in spaceflown cells suggest possible similarities between aging and spaceflight effects on lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Cubano
- Department of Biological Sciences and Microgravity Biotechnology Laboratory, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Wilson Hall Room 360, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
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