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Lange T, Niederwieser C, Gil A, Krahl R, von Grünhagen U, Al-Ali HK, Jentsch-Ullrich K, Spohn C, Lakner V, Assmann M, Junghanss C, Cross M, Hehlmann R, Deininger M, Pfirrmann M, Niederwieser D. No advantage of Imatinib in combination with hydroxyurea over Imatinib monotherapy: a study of the East German Study Group (OSHO) and the German CML study group. Leuk Lymphoma 2020; 61:2821-2830. [PMID: 32672489 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2020.1786556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The combination of Imatinib (IM) and hydroxyurea (HU) was explored for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). METHOD After in vitro testing and a phase I study (n = 20), 59 patients were randomized in the IM/HU and 29 in the IM arm. According to protocol, 49 propensity-score matched IM patients were included from the CML-IV study. RESULTS Additive specific inhibition of CML cells by IM/HU was detected in vitro. HU 500 mg qd in combination with IM 400 mg qd proved feasible in the phase I study. Overall, no significant difference with respect to major molecular response (MMR) at 18 months (IM/HU and IM 66%; primary endpoint) was observed. Significant differences were noted for MMR at 6 months (p = 0.04) and for cumulative incidences of adverse events (p = 0.03) in favor of IM monotherapy (secondary endpoints). CONCLUSION IM/HU combination was more potent in selectively inhibiting CML cells in vitro, but not superior to IM in vivo. (NCT02480608).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thoralf Lange
- Abteilung Hämatologie und Onkologie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Krankenhaus Weißenfels, Weißenfels, Germany
| | - Christian Niederwieser
- Klinik für Stammzelltransplantation, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Arthur Gil
- Institut für Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Rainer Krahl
- Abteilung Hämatologie und Onkologie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Haifa Kathrin Al-Ali
- Abteilung Hämatologie und Onkologie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Krukenberg Cancer Center, University Hospital Halle, Halle, Germany
| | | | - Claudia Spohn
- Gemeinschaftspraxis für Hämatologie und Onkologie, Halle, Germany
| | - Volker Lakner
- Gemeinschaftspraxis für Hämatologie und Onkologie, Rostock, Germany
| | | | | | - Michael Cross
- Abteilung Hämatologie und Onkologie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Hehlmann
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Deininger
- Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Markus Pfirrmann
- Institut für Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Dietger Niederwieser
- School of Medicine, University Leipzig, Leipzig Germany.,Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.,Aichi Medical University, NagakuteAichi/Nagoya, Japan
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2
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Tabal S, Elbanani A, Deyab M, Abulayha A. Rituximab increases the cytotoxicities of vincristine and hydroxyurea through caspase-dependent and caspase-independent cell death, respectively. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2015; 30:125-31. [PMID: 25714921 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2014.1769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the treatment of B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, rituximab is used in combination with different chemotherapeutics to improve its efficacy, but the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. The authors examined the mechanism by which rituximab combined with hydroxyurea or vincristine induces cell death in the human Burkitt's lymphoma Ramos cell line. Cell death was analyzed by phosphatidylserine exposure, caspase activation, and mitochondrial membrane changes. Their results indicate that the cell death initiated by the combination of rituximab and hydroxyurea is caspase-independent. In contrast, preincubation of the cells with the same concentrations of caspase inhibitors used with hydroxyurea eliminated the synergistic effect of the rituximab and vincristine combination. This was confirmed by the presence of the active fragment of caspase-3 in vincristine-treated cells. These preliminary results demonstrate that rituximab can activate different downstream signals to induce direct cell effects. Furthermore, the findings support the important role of mitochondria in the regulation of both pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah Tabal
- Cell Biology Research Group, Biotechnology Research Center , Twisha, Tripoli, Libya
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3
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Deyab M, Elbanani A, Tabal S, Geriani H, Lamami Y, Bredan A, Abulayha A. Rituximab Synergizes with Hydroxyurea or Vincristine in the Killing of Ramos Burkitt's Lymphoma B Cell Line. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2014; 29:87-90. [DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2013.1557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Deyab
- Cell Biology Research Group, Biotechnology Research Center, Twisha, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Abdulrhman Elbanani
- Cell Biology Research Group, Biotechnology Research Center, Twisha, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Salah Tabal
- Cell Biology Research Group, Biotechnology Research Center, Twisha, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Hajer Geriani
- Cell Biology Research Group, Biotechnology Research Center, Twisha, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Yosra Lamami
- Cell Biology Research Group, Biotechnology Research Center, Twisha, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Amin Bredan
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Abdulmunem Abulayha
- Cell Biology Research Group, Biotechnology Research Center, Twisha, Tripoli, Libya
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4
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Kobayashi Y, Sugiura T, Imajyo I, Shimoda M, Ishii K, Akimoto N, Yoshihama N, Mori Y. Knockdown of the T-box transcription factor Brachyury increases sensitivity of adenoid cystic carcinoma cells to chemotherapy and radiation in vitro: implications for a new therapeutic principle. Int J Oncol 2014; 44:1107-17. [PMID: 24504414 PMCID: PMC3977806 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) is highly metastatic and resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Recently, we reported that the T-box transcription factor Brachyury is a potential regulator of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Specifically, growth of CSCs was found to be controlled by Brachyury knockdown in AdCC. Since CSCs are resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, this finding provides a new principle for therapies targeting CSCs. In the present study, we established that Brachyury knockdown suppresses chemoresistance and radioresistance in vitro. Brachyury was knocked down by transfecting Brachyury short hairpin RNA (shRNA) into the AdCC CSC cell line ACCS-M GFP. Brachyury knockdown significantly inhibited cell migration and invasion and suppressed chemoresistance. A quantitative PCR array of drug transporter genes revealed that knockdown of Brachyury caused downregulation of ATP-binding cassette transporter genes. Furthermore, ACCS-M GFP radioresistance was significantly suppressed by Brachyury knockdown. Knockdown of Brachyury significantly sensitized ACCS-M GFP cells to chemoradiotherapy. This study demonstrates that Brachyury knockdown reduces invasiveness and chemoresistance and radioresistance of CSCs in vivo. Therefore, Brachyury knockdown may be a useful therapeutic tool for sensitizing CSCs to conventional chemoradiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Kobayashi
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Sugiura
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ikumi Imajyo
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Miyuki Shimoda
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kotaro Ishii
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Naonari Akimoto
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Naoya Yoshihama
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Mori
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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5
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Daniels I, Abulayha A, Haynes AP. Hydroxyurea Potentiates the Caspase-Independent Killing of B-Cell Lines by Rituximab and GA101. Oncol Res 2013; 20:545-55. [DOI: 10.3727/096504013x13728687793353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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6
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McNamara YM, Cloonan SM, Knox AJS, Keating JJ, Butler SG, Peters GH, Meegan MJ, Williams DC. Synthesis and serotonin transporter activity of 1,3-bis(aryl)-2-nitro-1-propenes as a new class of anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 19:1328-48. [PMID: 21227702 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2010] [Revised: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Structural derivatives of 4-MTA, an illegal amphetamine analogue have been previously shown to have anticancer effects in vitro. In this study we report the synthesis of a series of novel 1,3-bis(aryl)-2-nitro-1-propene derivatives related in structure to 4-MTA. A number of these compounds containing a classic nitrostyrene structure are shown to have antiproliferative activities in vitro in a range of malignant cell lines, particularly against Burkitt's lymphoma derived cell lines, whilst having no effect on 'normal' peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Such effects appear to be independent of the serotonin transporter, a high affinity target for amphetamines and independent of protein tyrosine phosphatases and tubulin dynamics both of which have been previously associated with nitrostyrene-induced cell death. We demonstrate that a number of these compounds induce caspase activation, PARP cleavage, chromatin condensation and membrane blebbing in a Burkitt's lymphoma derived cell line, consistent with these compounds inducing apoptosis in vitro. Although no specific target has yet been identified for the action of these compounds, the cell death elicited is potent, selective and worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne M McNamara
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
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7
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Cloonan SM, Keating JJ, Butler SG, Knox AJ, Jørgensen AM, Peters GH, Rai D, Corrigan D, Lloyd DG, Williams DC, Meegan MJ. Synthesis and serotonin transporter activity of sulphur-substituted α-alkyl phenethylamines as a new class of anticancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2009; 44:4862-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2009] [Revised: 07/08/2009] [Accepted: 07/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Javeed A, Ashraf M, Riaz A, Ghafoor A, Afzal S, Mukhtar MM. Paclitaxel and immune system. Eur J Pharm Sci 2009; 38:283-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2009.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2009] [Accepted: 08/29/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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9
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Muscarella DE, Bloom SE. Cross-linking of surface IgM in the Burkitt's lymphoma cell line ST486 provides protection against arsenite- and stress-induced apoptosis that is mediated by ERK and phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling pathways. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:4358-67. [PMID: 12464623 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m208779200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The ST486 cell line, derived from a human Burkitt's lymphoma, is a model for antigen-induced clonal deletion in germinal center B-lymphocytes, with apoptosis induced upon cross-linking of surface IgM. Moreover, this cell line is highly sensitive to the induction of apoptosis by many chemicals, including sodium arsenite, a significant environmental contaminant with immunotoxic activity. In contrast to arsenite and other chemicals, surface IgM cross-linking induces apoptosis in ST486 cells with delayed kinetics. Moreover, the initial signaling events following IgM stimulation are associated with cell survival and proliferation and include activation of the extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK) and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathways. We examined the question of whether IgM-mediated activation of the ERK and PI3K pathways can influence the apoptotic response of ST486 cells following exposure to arsenite and selected drugs with different molecular targets, including cycloheximide, etoposide, and camptothecin, and a physical stress, hyperthermia. Our findings show that IgM-stimulated cells are significantly protected against arsenite and drug-induced apoptosis during a window of several hours after surface IgM cross-linking, as evidenced by an inhibition of cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and lack of morphological changes indicative of apoptosis. Significantly, surface IgM cross-linking also protects against arsenite-induced mitochondrial depolarization as well as caspase-9 cleavage. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this IgM-mediated protection requires the activation of the ERK and PI3K pathways, because inhibition of either pathway blocks the ability of antigen receptor activation to protect against apoptosis. Our study also provides evidence for p90(S6) ribosomal kinase as a point of convergence between the two signaling pathways resulting in the phosphorylation of the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member Bad at serine 112. This investigation demonstrates, for the first time, that specific signals transduced by activation of the B-cell receptor protect cells at a common point of regulation in the apoptotic pathways for diverse stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna E Muscarella
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
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10
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Blatt NB, Bednarski JJ, Warner RE, Leonetti F, Johnson KM, Boitano A, Yung R, Richardson BC, Johnson KJ, Ellman JA, Opipari AW, Glick GD. Benzodiazepine-induced superoxide signals B cell apoptosis: mechanistic insight and potential therapeutic utility. J Clin Invest 2002; 110:1123-32. [PMID: 12393848 PMCID: PMC150800 DOI: 10.1172/jci16029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The properties of a proapoptotic 1,4-benzodiazepine, Bz-423, identified through combinatorial chemistry and phenotype screening are described. Bz-423 rapidly generated superoxide (O(2)(-)) in transformed Ramos B cells. This O(2)(-) response originated from mitochondria prior to mitochondrial transmembrane gradient collapse and opening of the permeability transition pore. Bz-423-induced O(2)(-) functioned as an upstream signal that initiated an apoptotic program characterized by cytochrome c release, mitochondrial depolarization, and caspase activation. Pretreatment of cells with agents that either block the formation of Bz-423-induced O(2)(-) or scavenge free radicals attenuated the death cascade, which demonstrated that cell killing by Bz-423 depends on O(2)(-). Parallels between Ramos cells and germinal center B cells prompted experiments to determine whether Bz-423 had therapeutic activity in vivo. This possibility was tested using the (NZB x NZW)F(1) murine model of lupus, in which the pathologically enhanced survival and expansion of germinal center B cells mediate disease. Administration of Bz-423 for 12 weeks specifically controlled germinal center hyperplasia and reduced the histological evidence of glomerulonephritis. Collectively, these studies define a new structure-function relationship for benzodiazepines and point to a new target and mechanism that could be of value for developing improved drugs to manage systemic lupus erythematosus and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neal B Blatt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, USA
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11
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Blatt NB, Bednarski JJ, Warner RE, Leonetti F, Johnson KM, Boitano A, Yung R, Richardson BC, Johnson KJ, Ellman JA, Opipari AW, Glick GD. Benzodiazepine-induced superoxide signalsB cell apoptosis: mechanistic insight and potential therapeutic utility. J Clin Invest 2002. [DOI: 10.1172/jci0216029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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12
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Topaly J, Zeller WJ, Fruehauf S. Combination therapy with imatinib mesylate (STI571): synopsis of in vitro studies. Br J Haematol 2002; 119:3-14. [PMID: 12358898 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2002.03806.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Topaly
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Germany
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13
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Ricchi P, Di Matola T, Ruggiero G, Zanzi D, Apicella A, di Palma A, Pensabene M, Pignata S, Zarrilli R, Acquaviva AM. Effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on colon carcinoma Caco-2 cell responsiveness to topoisomerase inhibitor drugs. Br J Cancer 2002; 86:1501-9. [PMID: 11986787 PMCID: PMC2375372 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2001] [Revised: 02/27/2002] [Accepted: 03/03/2002] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies demonstrate that the chemopreventive effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on colon cancer is mediated through inhibition of cell growth and induction of apoptosis. For these effects non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been recently employed as sensitising agents in chemotherapy. We have shown previously that treatments with aspirin and NS-398, a cyclo-oxygenase-2 selective inhibitor, affect proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of the human colon adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cells. In the present study, we have evaluated the effects of aspirin and NS-398 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on sensitivity of Caco-2 cells to irinotecan (CPT 11) and etoposide (Vp-16) topoisomerase poisons. We find that aspirin co-treatment is able to prevent anticancer drug-induced toxicity, whereas NS-398 co-treatment poorly affects anticancer drug-induced apoptosis. These effects correlate with the different ability of aspirin and NS-398 to interfere with cell cycle during anticancer drug co-treatment. Furthermore, aspirin treatment is associated with an increase in bcl-2 expression, which persists in the presence of the anticancer drugs. Our data indicate that aspirin, but not NS-398, determines a cell cycle arrest associated with death suppression. This provides a plausible mechanism for the inhibition of apoptosis and increase in survival observed in anticancer drug and aspirin co-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ricchi
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare L. Califano, Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale G. Salvatore del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Università Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
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14
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Topaly J, Zeller WJ, Fruehauf S. Synergistic activity of the new ABL-specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor STI571 and chemotherapeutic drugs on BCR-ABL-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia cells. Leukemia 2001; 15:342-7. [PMID: 11237055 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2402041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The ABL-specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor STI571 (formerly CGP57148B) induced cytogenetic remissions in 33% of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients in a phase I trial (Druker et al 1999). Combination therapy may increase this proportion. We tested whether combinations of STI571 and cytarabine or other chemotherapeutic agents such as hydroxyurea, mafosfamide or etoposide would display synergistic activity in BCR-ABL-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) cell lines derived from patients in blast crisis. In addition, the toxicity of these combinations on BCR-ABL-negative cells was investigated. A tetrazolium-based MTT assay was used to quantity growth inhibition after 48 h of exposure to cytotoxic agents alone and in simultaneous combination with STI571. The drug interactions were analyzed using the median-effect method of Chou and Talalay. The combination index (CI) was calculated according to the classic isobologram equation. At growth inhibition levels of over 50%, STI571 + cytarabine as well as STI571 + etoposide were significantly synergistic (CI < 1, P < 0.05) in the BCR-ABL-positive cell lines evaluated. At 60% inhibition or higher, a similar synergistic pattern became apparent for STI571 + mafosfamide (P < 0.05), while STI571 + hydroxyurea showed ambiguous, cell line-dependent synergism (BV173), additivity (EM-3) or antagonism (K562) in CML cell lines. Furthermore, the BCR-ABL-negative HL-60, KG1a and normal CD34+ progenitor cells were not affected by 0.8 microM STI571, a concentration which produced more than 50% growth inhibition in all BCR-ABL-positive cells tested, and no potentiation of growth inhibition was observed in these BCR-ABL-negative cells when STI571 was combined with chemotherapeutic agents. Our in vitro data with CML blast crisis cell lines strongly suggest that combinations of STI571 with cytarabine or etoposide be rapidly considered for clinical testing.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Benzamides
- Cytarabine/administration & dosage
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Synergism
- Enzyme Inhibitors/administration & dosage
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Humans
- Hydroxyurea/administration & dosage
- Imatinib Mesylate
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/enzymology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Piperazines/administration & dosage
- Piperazines/pharmacology
- Piperazines/therapeutic use
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Pyrimidines/administration & dosage
- Pyrimidines/pharmacology
- Pyrimidines/therapeutic use
- Remission Induction
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Affiliation(s)
- J Topaly
- German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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15
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Pae HO, Yoo JC, Choi BM, Kang CL, Kim JD, Chung HT. Apoptotic cell death induced by taxol is inhibited by nitric oxide in human leukemia HL-60 cells. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 1999; 21:667-82. [PMID: 10584203 DOI: 10.3109/08923979909007133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Taxol, an antineoplastic drug, increases the fraction of cells in G2/M phases of cell cycle, induces apoptosis of leukemic cells, and activates macrophages to produce nitric oxide (NO) in response to interferon-gamma. NO has been found to play roles as pro-apoptotic or anti-apoptotic effector molecules. In this study, we investigate effects of NO on taxol-induced apoptosis in human myeloid leukemia cell, HL-60. Incubation of the cells with taxol for 24 hr induced marked DNA fragmentation of HL-60 cells. Treatment of the cells with S-nitrosogluthathione (GSNO), a NO-generating agent, protected the cells against taxol-induced apoptosis. Cell cycle analysis showed that treatment of the cells with 100 nM taxol for 12 hr rendered the cells to be accumulated in G2/M phase, but the cotreatment of the cells with taxol and 0.1 mM GSNO decreased the accumulation of the cell in G2/M phases, suggesting that NO might interfere entering of taxol-treated cells into G2/M phases. Deferoxamine or mimosine, which can arrest cells mainly at G1/S phases, also decreased taxol-induced apoptosis and reduced the number of the taxol-treated cells arresting in G2/M phases. Thus, we conclude that a protective effect of NO on taxol-treated cells from apoptosis may be partially caused by interfering entering of the taxol-treated cells into G2/M phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- H O Pae
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Chonbug, Korea
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