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Valente M, Baey C, Louche P, Dutertre CA, Vimeux L, Marañón C, Hosmalin A, Feuillet V. Apoptotic cell capture by DCs induces unexpectedly robust autologous CD4+ T-cell responses. Eur J Immunol 2014; 44:2274-86. [PMID: 24824875 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201344191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Apoptotic cells represent an important source of self-antigens and their engulfment by dendritic cells (DCs) is usually considered to be related to tolerance induction. We report here an unexpectedly high level of human CD4(+) T-cell proliferation induced by autologous DCs loaded with autologous apoptotic cells, due to the activation of more than 10% of naive CD4(+) T cells. This proliferation is not due to an increase in the costimulatory capacity of DCs, but is dependent on apoptotic cell-associated material processed through an endo-lysosomal pathway and presented on DC MHC class II molecules. Autologous CD4(+) T cells stimulated with apoptotic cell-loaded DCs exhibit suppressive capacities. However, in the presence of bacterial lipopolysaccharide, apoptotic cell-loaded DCs induce the generation of IL-17-producing cells. Thus, apoptotic cell engulfment by DCs may lead to increased autologous responses, initially generating CD4(+) T cells with suppressive capacities able to differentiate into Th17 cells in the presence of a bacterial danger signal such as LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Valente
- Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France; CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France; University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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2
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Foreman AL, Foreman AL, Lemercier B, Foreman AL, Lemercier B, Lim A, Kourlisky P, Kenny T, Gershwin ME, Foreman AL, Lemercier B, Lim A, Kourlisky P, Kenny T, Gershwin ME, Gougeon ML, Foreman AL, Lemercier B, Lim A, Kourlisky P, Kenny T, Gershwin ME, Gougeon ML. VH gene usage and CDR3 analysis of B cell receptor in the peripheral blood of patients with PBC. Autoimmunity 2009; 41:80-6. [DOI: 10.1080/08916930701619656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Wong J, Obst R, Correia-Neves M, Losyev G, Mathis D, Benoist C. Adaptation of TCR repertoires to self-peptides in regulatory and nonregulatory CD4+ T cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2007; 178:7032-41. [PMID: 17513752 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.178.11.7032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Currently, it is not understood how the specificity of the TCR guides CD4(+) T cells into the conventional lineage (Tconv) vs directing them to become regulatory (Treg) cells defined by the Foxp3 transcription factor. To address this question, we made use of the "Limited" (LTD) mouse, which has a restricted TCR repertoire with a fixed TCRbeta chain and a TCRalpha chain minilocus. The TCR repertoires of Tconv and Treg cells were equally broad, were distinct, yet overlapped significantly, representing a less strict partition than previously seen between CD4 and CD8 T cells. As a group, the CDR3alpha motifs showed a significant trend to higher positive charge in Treg than in Tconv cells. The Tconv and Treg repertoires were both reshaped between thymus and periphery. Reducing the array of peptides presented by MHC class II molecules by introducing the H2-DM(o/o) mutation into the LTD mouse led to parallel shifts in the repertoires of Tconv and Treg cells. In both cases, the CDR3alpha elements were entirely different and strikingly shortened, relative to normal LTD mice. These peculiar sequences conferred reactivity to wild-type MHC class II complexes and were excluded from the normal repertoire, even among Treg cells, indicating that some forms of self-reactivity are incompatible with selection into the Treg lineage. In conclusion, the Treg repertoire is broad, with distinct composition and characteristics, yet significantly overlapping and sharing structural constraints with the repertoire of conventional CD4(+) T cells.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Autoantigens/genetics
- Autoantigens/immunology
- Autoantigens/metabolism
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/cytology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Cell Differentiation/genetics
- Cell Differentiation/immunology
- Cell Lineage/genetics
- Cell Lineage/immunology
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/genetics
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/genetics
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Peptides/genetics
- Peptides/immunology
- Peptides/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/cytology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- Thymus Gland/cytology
- Thymus Gland/immunology
- Thymus Gland/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Wong
- Section on Immunology and Immunogenetics, Joslin Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Wlodarski MW, O'Keefe C, Howe EC, Risitano AM, Rodriguez A, Warshawsky I, Loughran TP, Maciejewski JP. Pathologic clonal cytotoxic T-cell responses: nonrandom nature of the T-cell–receptor restriction in large granular lymphocyte leukemia. Blood 2005; 106:2769-80. [PMID: 15914562 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2004-10-4045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractT-cell large granular lymphocyte (T-LGL) leukemia is a clonal lymphoproliferation of cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) associated with cytopenias. T-LGL proliferation seems to be triggered/sustained by antigenic drive; it is likely that hematopoietic progenitors are the targets in this process. The antigen-specific portion of the T-cell receptor (TCR), the variable beta (VB)–chain complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3), can serve as a molecular signature (clonotype) of a T-cell clone. We hypothesized that clonal CTL proliferation develops not randomly but in the context of an autoimmune response. We identified the clonotypic sequence of T-LGL clones in 60 patients, including 56 with known T-LGL and 4 with unspecified neutropenia. Our method also allowed for the measurement of clonal frequencies; a decrease in or loss of the pathogenic clonotype and restoration of the TCR repertoire was found after hematologic remission. We identified 2 patients with identical immunodominant CDR3 sequence. Moreover, we found similarity between multiple immunodominant clonotypes and codominant as well as a nonexpanded, “supporting” clonotypes. The data suggest a nonrandom clonal selection in T-LGL, possibly driven by a common antigen. In contrast, the physiologic clonal CTL repertoire is highly diverse and we were not able to detect any significant clonal sharing in 26 healthy controls.
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thor Straten P, Schrama D, Andersen MH, Becker JC. T-cell clonotypes in cancer. J Transl Med 2004; 2:11. [PMID: 15072580 PMCID: PMC419379 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-2-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2004] [Accepted: 04/08/2004] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells of the immune system spontaneously recognize autologous tumor cells and T cells are believed to be the main effector cells for the immune surveillance of cancer. Recent advances in our understanding of basic and tumor immunology together with methodological developments implies that tumor specific T cells can now be studied functionally, phenotypically as well as molecularly. T cells recognize peptide antigens in the context of MHC molecules through the clonally distributed T-cell receptor (TCR), thus, the clonal distribution of the TCR offers the means to detect and track specific T cells based upon detection of the unique TCR. In this review, we present and discuss available data on TCR utilization of tumor specific T cells in murine models as well as spontaneous and treatment induced anti-tumor T-cell responses in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per thor Straten
- Tumor Immunology Group, Institute of Cancer Biology, Danish Cancer Society, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David Schrama
- Department of Dermatology, Julius Maximilians-University, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mads Hald Andersen
- Tumor Immunology Group, Institute of Cancer Biology, Danish Cancer Society, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jürgen C Becker
- Department of Dermatology, Julius Maximilians-University, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell Kronenberg
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, 10355 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, USA.
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Yokosuka T, Takase K, Suzuki M, Nakagawa Y, Taki S, Takahashi H, Fujisawa T, Arase H, Saito T. Predominant role of T cell receptor (TCR)-alpha chain in forming preimmune TCR repertoire revealed by clonal TCR reconstitution system. J Exp Med 2002; 195:991-1001. [PMID: 11956290 PMCID: PMC2193687 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20010809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The CDR3 regions of T cell receptor (TCR)-alpha and -beta chains play central roles in the recognition of antigen (Ag)-MHC complex. TCR repertoire is created on the basis of Ag recognition specificity by CDR3s. To analyze the potential spectrum of TCR-alpha and -beta to exhibit Ag specificity and generate TCR repertoire, we established hundreds of TCR transfectants bearing a single TCR-alpha or -beta chain derived from a cytotoxic T cell (CTL) clone, RT-1, specific for HIVgp160 peptide, and randomly picked up TCR-beta or -alpha chains. Surprisingly, one-third of such TCR-beta containing random CDR3 beta from naive T cells of normal mice could reconstitute the antigen-reactive TCR coupling with RT-1 TCR-alpha. A similar dominant function of TCR-alpha in forming Ag-specific TCR, though low-frequency, was obtained for lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-specific TCR. Subsequently, we generated TCR-alpha and/or -beta transgenic (Tg) mice specific for HIVgp160 peptide, and analyzed the TCR repertoire of Ag-specific CTLs. Similar to the results from TCR reconstitution, TCR-alpha Tg generated CTLs with heterogeneous TCR-beta, whereas TCR-beta Tg-induced CTLs bearing a single TCR-alpha. These findings of Ag recognition with minimum involvement of CDR3 beta expand our understanding regarding the flexibility of the spectrum of TCR and suggest a predominant role of TCR-alpha chain in determining the preimmune repertoire of Ag-specific TCR.
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MESH Headings
- 3T3 Cells
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antigen Presentation
- Base Sequence
- DNA, Complementary
- HIV Envelope Protein gp160/immunology
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Yokosuka
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
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Matsuda JL, Gapin L, Fazilleau N, Warren K, Naidenko OV, Kronenberg M. Natural killer T cells reactive to a single glycolipid exhibit a highly diverse T cell receptor beta repertoire and small clone size. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98:12636-41. [PMID: 11592984 PMCID: PMC60106 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.221445298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2001] [Accepted: 08/22/2001] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
CD1d-restricted natural killer (NK) T cells reactive with the glycolipid alpha-galactosylceramide (alpha-GalCer) are a distinct lymphocyte sublineage. They express an invariant Valpha14-Jalpha18 T cell receptor (TcR), but the role of the beta chain has been controversial. Here, we have used CD1d tetramers to identify and isolate NK T cells based on their antigen specificity. In mice lacking germline Vbeta8, most of the alpha-GalCer-reactive T cells express either Vbeta2 or Vbeta7, strong Vbeta selection being revealed by the lack of an increase in other Vbeta regions. By contrast to the selection for complementarity determining region (CDR) 3beta sequences in some anti-peptide responses, alpha-GalCer-reactive T cells have polyclonal CDR3beta sequences. There is little CDR3beta sequence redundancy between organs or individual mice, and, surprisingly, there also is no evidence for organ-specific CDR3beta sequence motifs. These data argue against a T cell receptor-mediated self-reactivity for tissue-specific CD1d-bound ligands. Each NKT clone is represented by only 5-10 cells. This clone size is similar to naive conventional T cells, and much lower than that reported for memory T cells, although NK T cells have an activated/memory phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Matsuda
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, 10355 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
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Schrama D, thor Straten P, Fischer WH, McLellan AD, Bröcker EB, Reisfeld RA, Becker JC. Targeting of lymphotoxin-alpha to the tumor elicits an efficient immune response associated with induction of peripheral lymphoid-like tissue. Immunity 2001; 14:111-21. [PMID: 11239444 DOI: 10.1016/s1074-7613(01)00094-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A recombinant antibody-lymphotoxin-alpha fusion protein induced an adaptive immune response protecting mice from melanoma. Importantly, this fusion protein elicited the formation of a lymphoid-like tissue in the tumor microenvironment containing L-selectin+ T cells and MHC class II+ antigen-presenting cells, as well as B and T cell aggregates. Furthermore, PNAd+/TCA4+ high endothelial venules were observed within the tumor, suggesting entry channels for naive T cell infiltrates. Over the course of therapy, a marked clonal expansion of certain TCR specificities occurred among tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes that displayed reactivity against melanoma cells and the TRP-2(180-188) peptide. Consequently, naive T cells may have been recruited to as well as primed and expanded in the lymphoid-like tissue induced by the lymphotoxin-alpha fusion protein at the tumor site.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Endothelium, Lymphatic/immunology
- Endothelium, Lymphatic/pathology
- Humans
- Immunotoxins/therapeutic use
- Lung Neoplasms/immunology
- Lung Neoplasms/secondary
- Lung Neoplasms/therapy
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/pathology
- Lymphoid Tissue/immunology
- Lymphoid Tissue/pathology
- Lymphotoxin-alpha/therapeutic use
- Melanoma, Experimental/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/pathology
- Melanoma, Experimental/therapy
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Microscopy, Electron
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Neoplasms, Connective Tissue/immunology
- Neoplasms, Connective Tissue/pathology
- Neoplasms, Connective Tissue/therapy
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/therapeutic use
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Transplantation, Isogeneic
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Affiliation(s)
- D Schrama
- Department of Dermatology, Julius-Maximilians-University, D-97080, Würzburg, Germany
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Arstila TP, Casrouge A, Baron V, Even J, Kanellopoulos J, Kourilsky P. Diversity of human alpha beta T cell receptors. Science 2000; 288:1135. [PMID: 10841721 DOI: 10.1126/science.288.5469.1135a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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